kbuild: rust: keep Rust objects out of Clang LTO with inline helpersgrafted

Under `CONFIG_LTO_CLANG` + `CONFIG_RUST_INLINE_HELPERS`, one may hit
`objtool` errors such as:

    vmlinux.o: error: objtool: _R..._3Gsp4boot+0xd6a:
    can't find jump dest instruction at .text._R..._3Gsp4boot+0x1dfd

The reason is that in such builds, the Clang invocation that compiles
the combined Rust plus helpers bitcode emits LLVM bitcode (again) --
the final code generation happens in the linker's LTO step, which the
`-mllvm` trap options passed to Clang do not reach.

This, in turn, means that unreachable traps are missing, and the
impossible paths do not merely fallthrough to the next symbol, but past
the end of their own section, since LTO builds place each function in
its own section.

Thus filter `CC_FLAGS_LTO` out of the Clang invocation, so that it always
emits machine code directly, with the traps in place.

Assisted-by: LLM
Cc: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun@kernel.org>
Cc: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Cc: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 3a2486cc1da5 ("kbuild: rust: provide an option to inline C helpers into Rust")
Acked-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260816133233.197500-2-ojeda@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>

4 files changed, 465 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/acct/.gitignore b/tools/testing/selftests/acct/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9e9c61c5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/acct/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+acct_syscall
+taskstats_fill_stats_tgid
+config
+process_log
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/acct/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/acct/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..083cab5dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/acct/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+TEST_GEN_PROGS := acct_syscall
+TEST_GEN_PROGS += taskstats_fill_stats_tgid
+
+CFLAGS += -Wall
+LDLIBS += -lpthread
+
+include ../lib.mk
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/acct/acct_syscall.c b/tools/testing/selftests/acct/acct_syscall.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..421adbdc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/acct/acct_syscall.c
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+/* kselftest for acct() system call
+ *  The acct() system call enables or disables process accounting.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+#include "kselftest.h"
+
+int main(void)
+{
+	char filename[] = "process_log";
+	FILE *fp;
+	pid_t child_pid;
+	int sz;
+
+	// Setting up kselftest framework
+	ksft_print_header();
+	ksft_set_plan(1);
+
+	// Check if test is run a root
+	if (geteuid()) {
+		ksft_exit_skip("This test needs root to run!\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	// Create file to log closed processes
+	fp = fopen(filename, "w");
+
+	if (!fp) {
+		ksft_test_result_error("%s.\n", strerror(errno));
+		ksft_finished();
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	acct(filename);
+
+	// Handle error conditions
+	if (errno) {
+		ksft_test_result_error("%s.\n", strerror(errno));
+		fclose(fp);
+		ksft_finished();
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	// Create child process and wait for it to terminate.
+
+	child_pid = fork();
+
+	if (child_pid < 0) {
+		ksft_test_result_error("Creating a child process to log failed\n");
+		acct(NULL);
+		return 1;
+	} else if (child_pid > 0) {
+		wait(NULL);
+		fseek(fp, 0L, SEEK_END);
+		sz = ftell(fp);
+
+		acct(NULL);
+
+		if (sz <= 0) {
+			ksft_test_result_fail("Terminated child process not logged\n");
+			ksft_exit_fail();
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		ksft_test_result_pass("Successfully logged terminated process.\n");
+		fclose(fp);
+		ksft_exit_pass();
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/acct/taskstats_fill_stats_tgid.c b/tools/testing/selftests/acct/taskstats_fill_stats_tgid.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d6cab4ae2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/acct/taskstats_fill_stats_tgid.c
@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <linux/genetlink.h>
+#include <linux/netlink.h>
+#include <linux/taskstats.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include "kselftest.h"
+
+#ifndef NLA_ALIGN
+#define NLA_ALIGNTO 4
+#define NLA_ALIGN(len) (((len) + NLA_ALIGNTO - 1) & ~(NLA_ALIGNTO - 1))
+#define NLA_HDRLEN ((int)NLA_ALIGN(sizeof(struct nlattr)))
+#endif
+
+#define BUSY_NS (200ULL * 1000 * 1000)
+
+struct worker_ctx {
+	pthread_mutex_t lock;
+	pthread_cond_t cond;
+	bool ready;
+	bool release;
+};
+
+static unsigned long busy_sink;
+
+static void *taskstats_nla_data(const struct nlattr *na)
+{
+	return (void *)((char *)na + NLA_HDRLEN);
+}
+
+static bool taskstats_nla_ok(const struct nlattr *na, int remaining)
+{
+	return remaining >= (int)sizeof(*na) &&
+	       na->nla_len >= sizeof(*na) &&
+	       na->nla_len <= remaining;
+}
+
+static struct nlattr *taskstats_nla_next(const struct nlattr *na, int *remaining)
+{
+	int aligned_len = NLA_ALIGN(na->nla_len);
+
+	*remaining -= aligned_len;
+	return (struct nlattr *)((char *)na + aligned_len);
+}
+
+static uint64_t timespec_diff_ns(const struct timespec *start,
+				 const struct timespec *end)
+{
+	return (uint64_t)(end->tv_sec - start->tv_sec) * 1000000000ULL +
+	       (uint64_t)(end->tv_nsec - start->tv_nsec);
+}
+
+static void burn_cpu_for_ns(uint64_t runtime_ns)
+{
+	struct timespec start, now;
+	unsigned long acc = 0;
+
+	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &start)) {
+		perror("clock_gettime");
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	do {
+		for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
+			acc += i;
+		if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now)) {
+			perror("clock_gettime");
+			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+		}
+	} while (timespec_diff_ns(&start, &now) < runtime_ns);
+
+	busy_sink = acc;
+}
+
+static int netlink_open(void)
+{
+	struct sockaddr_nl addr = {
+		.nl_family = AF_NETLINK,
+		.nl_pid = getpid(),
+	};
+	int fd;
+
+	fd = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_GENERIC);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return -errno;
+
+	if (bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0) {
+		int err = -errno;
+
+		close(fd);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	return fd;
+}
+
+static int send_request(int fd, void *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	struct sockaddr_nl addr = {
+		.nl_family = AF_NETLINK,
+	};
+
+	if (sendto(fd, buf, len, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < 0)
+		return -errno;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_family_id(int fd, const char *name)
+{
+	struct {
+		struct nlmsghdr nlh;
+		struct genlmsghdr genl;
+		char buf[256];
+	} req = { 0 };
+	char resp[8192];
+	struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
+	struct genlmsghdr *genl;
+	struct nlattr *na;
+	int len;
+	int rem;
+	int ret;
+
+	req.nlh.nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(GENL_HDRLEN);
+	req.nlh.nlmsg_type = GENL_ID_CTRL;
+	req.nlh.nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
+	req.nlh.nlmsg_seq = 1;
+	req.nlh.nlmsg_pid = getpid();
+
+	req.genl.cmd = CTRL_CMD_GETFAMILY;
+	req.genl.version = 1;
+
+	na = (struct nlattr *)((char *)&req + NLMSG_ALIGN(req.nlh.nlmsg_len));
+	na->nla_type = CTRL_ATTR_FAMILY_NAME;
+	na->nla_len = NLA_HDRLEN + strlen(name) + 1;
+	memcpy(taskstats_nla_data(na), name, strlen(name) + 1);
+	req.nlh.nlmsg_len = NLMSG_ALIGN(req.nlh.nlmsg_len) + NLA_ALIGN(na->nla_len);
+
+	ret = send_request(fd, &req, req.nlh.nlmsg_len);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	len = recv(fd, resp, sizeof(resp), 0);
+	if (len < 0)
+		return -errno;
+
+	for (nlh = (struct nlmsghdr *)resp; NLMSG_OK(nlh, len);
+	     nlh = NLMSG_NEXT(nlh, len)) {
+		if (nlh->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_ERROR) {
+			struct nlmsgerr *err = NLMSG_DATA(nlh);
+
+			return err->error ? err->error : -ENOENT;
+		}
+
+		genl = (struct genlmsghdr *)NLMSG_DATA(nlh);
+		rem = nlh->nlmsg_len - NLMSG_HDRLEN - GENL_HDRLEN;
+		na = (struct nlattr *)((char *)genl + GENL_HDRLEN);
+		while (taskstats_nla_ok(na, rem)) {
+			if (na->nla_type == CTRL_ATTR_FAMILY_ID)
+				return *(uint16_t *)taskstats_nla_data(na);
+			na = taskstats_nla_next(na, &rem);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return -ENOENT;
+}
+
+static int get_taskstats(int fd, int family_id, uint16_t attr_type, uint32_t id,
+			 struct taskstats *stats)
+{
+	struct {
+		struct nlmsghdr nlh;
+		struct genlmsghdr genl;
+		char buf[256];
+	} req = { 0 };
+	char resp[16384];
+	struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
+	struct genlmsghdr *genl;
+	struct nlattr *na;
+	struct nlattr *nested;
+	int len;
+	int rem;
+	int nrem;
+	int ret;
+
+	memset(stats, 0, sizeof(*stats));
+
+	req.nlh.nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(GENL_HDRLEN);
+	req.nlh.nlmsg_type = family_id;
+	req.nlh.nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
+	req.nlh.nlmsg_seq = 2;
+	req.nlh.nlmsg_pid = getpid();
+
+	req.genl.cmd = TASKSTATS_CMD_GET;
+	req.genl.version = 1;
+
+	na = (struct nlattr *)((char *)&req + NLMSG_ALIGN(req.nlh.nlmsg_len));
+	na->nla_type = attr_type;
+	na->nla_len = NLA_HDRLEN + sizeof(id);
+	memcpy(taskstats_nla_data(na), &id, sizeof(id));
+	req.nlh.nlmsg_len = NLMSG_ALIGN(req.nlh.nlmsg_len) + NLA_ALIGN(na->nla_len);
+
+	ret = send_request(fd, &req, req.nlh.nlmsg_len);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	len = recv(fd, resp, sizeof(resp), 0);
+	if (len < 0)
+		return -errno;
+
+	for (nlh = (struct nlmsghdr *)resp; NLMSG_OK(nlh, len);
+	     nlh = NLMSG_NEXT(nlh, len)) {
+		if (nlh->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_ERROR) {
+			struct nlmsgerr *err = NLMSG_DATA(nlh);
+
+			return err->error ? err->error : -ENOENT;
+		}
+
+		genl = (struct genlmsghdr *)NLMSG_DATA(nlh);
+		rem = nlh->nlmsg_len - NLMSG_HDRLEN - GENL_HDRLEN;
+		na = (struct nlattr *)((char *)genl + GENL_HDRLEN);
+		while (taskstats_nla_ok(na, rem)) {
+			if (na->nla_type == TASKSTATS_TYPE_AGGR_PID ||
+			    na->nla_type == TASKSTATS_TYPE_AGGR_TGID) {
+				nested = (struct nlattr *)taskstats_nla_data(na);
+				nrem = na->nla_len - NLA_HDRLEN;
+				while (taskstats_nla_ok(nested, nrem)) {
+					if (nested->nla_type == TASKSTATS_TYPE_STATS) {
+						memcpy(stats, taskstats_nla_data(nested),
+						       sizeof(*stats));
+						return 0;
+					}
+					nested = taskstats_nla_next(nested, &nrem);
+				}
+			}
+			na = taskstats_nla_next(na, &rem);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return -ENOENT;
+}
+
+static uint64_t cpu_total(const struct taskstats *stats)
+{
+	return (uint64_t)stats->ac_utime + (uint64_t)stats->ac_stime;
+}
+
+static void print_stats(const char *label, const struct taskstats *stats)
+{
+	ksft_print_msg("%s: cpu_total=%llu nvcsw=%llu nivcsw=%llu\n",
+		       label, (unsigned long long)cpu_total(stats),
+		       (unsigned long long)stats->nvcsw,
+		       (unsigned long long)stats->nivcsw);
+}
+
+static void *worker_thread(void *arg)
+{
+	struct worker_ctx *ctx = arg;
+
+	burn_cpu_for_ns(BUSY_NS);
+
+	pthread_mutex_lock(&ctx->lock);
+	ctx->ready = true;
+	pthread_cond_broadcast(&ctx->cond);
+	while (!ctx->release)
+		pthread_cond_wait(&ctx->cond, &ctx->lock);
+	pthread_mutex_unlock(&ctx->lock);
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+int main(void)
+{
+	struct worker_ctx ctx = {
+		.lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER,
+		.cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER,
+	};
+	struct taskstats before, after;
+	pthread_t thread;
+	pid_t tgid = getpid();
+	int family_id;
+	int fd;
+	int ret;
+
+	ksft_print_header();
+	ksft_set_plan(1);
+
+	if (geteuid())
+		ksft_exit_skip("taskstats_fill_stats_tgid needs root\n");
+
+	fd = netlink_open();
+	if (fd < 0)
+		ksft_exit_skip("failed to open generic netlink socket: %s\n",
+			       strerror(-fd));
+
+	family_id = get_family_id(fd, TASKSTATS_GENL_NAME);
+	if (family_id < 0)
+		ksft_exit_skip("taskstats generic netlink family unavailable: %s\n",
+			       strerror(-family_id));
+
+	/* Create worker thread that burns 200ms of CPU */
+	if (pthread_create(&thread, NULL, worker_thread, &ctx) != 0)
+		ksft_exit_fail_msg("pthread_create failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+
+	/* Wait for worker to finish generating activity */
+	pthread_mutex_lock(&ctx.lock);
+	while (!ctx.ready)
+		pthread_cond_wait(&ctx.cond, &ctx.lock);
+	pthread_mutex_unlock(&ctx.lock);
+
+	/*
+	 * Snapshot A: TGID stats while worker is alive and sleeping.
+	 * Contains main thread + worker contributions.
+	 */
+	ret = get_taskstats(fd, family_id, TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_TGID, tgid, &before);
+	if (ret)
+		ksft_exit_fail_msg("TGID query before exit failed: %s\n",
+				   strerror(-ret));
+
+	/* Release worker so it can exit, then join (deterministic wait).
+	 *
+	 * Kernel exit path ordering guarantees:
+	 *   do_exit()
+	 *     taskstats_exit() -> fill_tgid_exit()  (accumulates worker into signal->stats)
+	 *     exit_notify()                         (releases the thread)
+	 *     do_task_dead() -> __schedule()        (wakes joiner)
+	 *
+	 * So pthread_join() returns only after fill_tgid_exit() has completed.
+	 */
+	pthread_mutex_lock(&ctx.lock);
+	ctx.release = true;
+	pthread_cond_broadcast(&ctx.cond);
+	pthread_mutex_unlock(&ctx.lock);
+
+	pthread_join(thread, NULL);
+
+	/*
+	 * Snapshot B: TGID stats after worker has exited.
+	 * fill_stats_for_tgid() does:
+	 *   memcpy(signal->stats)   <- includes fill_tgid_exit accumulation
+	 *   + scan live threads      <- only main thread now
+	 */
+	ret = get_taskstats(fd, family_id, TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_TGID, tgid, &after);
+	if (ret)
+		ksft_exit_fail_msg("TGID query after exit failed: %s\n",
+				   strerror(-ret));
+
+	print_stats("TGID before worker exit", &before);
+	print_stats("TGID after  worker exit", &after);
+
+	/*
+	 * The worker burned 200ms of CPU before the first snapshot.
+	 * If the kernel correctly retained its contribution via
+	 * fill_tgid_exit(), then the TGID CPU total after exit must be at
+	 * least as large as the TGID CPU total before exit.
+	 */
+	ksft_test_result(cpu_total(&after) >= cpu_total(&before),
+			 "TGID CPU stats should not regress after thread exit\n");
+
+	close(fd);
+	ksft_finished();
+	return ksft_get_fail_cnt() ? KSFT_FAIL : KSFT_PASS;
+}