diff options
| author | Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> | 2026-08-30 09:22:00 -0700 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> | 2026-08-30 09:22:00 -0700 |
| commit | 034dd340b08be1f2f0477ad16131d609f9dbd53c (patch) | |
| tree | 2536f4b2d7893ccd916b5abdf3c454ad6edc03c2 /tools/perf/util/capstone.c | |
| download | linux-stable-034dd340b08be1f2f0477ad16131d609f9dbd53c.tar.gz linux-stable-034dd340b08be1f2f0477ad16131d609f9dbd53c.zip | |
Merge tag 'trace-v7.3-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/trace/linux-tracegrafted
Pull tracing fixes from Steven Rostedt:
- Fix error output of boot instance creation failure
Currently if a boot instance creation fails, instead of printing out
the name of the instance that failed, it prints "(null)". That is
because it prints "cur_str" that had already been processed by
strsep(). Print the saved name instead.
While at it, print the error code of the failure.
- Fix use-after-free for same named historgrams
Histograms can be named so that they can be used in multiple events.
But if the named histogram has a variable attached, the second event
that uses the named histogram which duplicates it and needs to free
the original after duplication leaves the old variable in place and
still visible. If another histogram uses than variable, it will use
the stale one which will try to reference the freed duplicate
histogram and crash the kernel.
Free the duplicate variables along with the duplicated histogram
data.
- Check return value of kthread_run() in event self test
The events self tests uses a kthread for testing but does not check
if it succeeded in creating a kthread. If the kthread creation were
to fail, the code will still try to call kthread_stop() on the error
returned.
- Fix race between reading trace_pipe and updating subbuffer size
If a user is reading the trace_pipe file at the same time they update
the ring buffer sub-buffer size, can cause the trace_pipe read to
read stale data. Add trace_access_lock() around updating the ring
buffer sub-buffer size.
- Fix eventfs_inode on failure path in creation of the events directory
In the creation of the "events" directory, if after allocating the
eventfs_inode a failure is detected, it calls cleanup_ei() which
calls free_ei(). The free_ei() will test if eventfs_inode being freed
has no children. It is a bug if it does. But on the failure case of
the creation of the "events" directory, the children lists have not
yet been initialized and the free will trigger a warning because
list_empty() on an uninitialized list returns false.
Move the initialization into init_ei() where it makes more sense and
makes sure that a created eventfs_inode has its lists initialized
upon creation.
- Check return value of kthread_run() in ftrace direct sample code
The sample code that shows how to use the ftrace direct calls does
not test the return of kthread_run() to see if it succeeds. Return a
failure if the kthread_run() doesn't succeed.
- Clear user events state on fork in case of alloc failure
On fork, the child gets a pointer to the parent's user events state.
It makes a copy of it then updates the child's pointer to it. But if
the allocation fails, the duplication function leaves the child with
a pointer to its parent's descriptor. When the child cleans up its
data, it will free the parent's descriptor while the parent is still
using it.
In the duplication function, set the child's user_event_mm to NULL
before testing if the allocation succeeded, and when it exits it will
not free the parent's descriptor.
- Fix retry exhaustion in simple ring buffer reader swap
simple_ring_buffer_swap_reader_page() starts with retry set to 8 and
post-decrements it only after a failed link replacement. On the final
attempt, a successful replacement leaves retry at zero, while a
failed replacement leaves it at -1.
But the check for success expects the retry value to be non-zero and
exits with an error on zero. This is the opposite result. Fix it.
- Fail nicely when the remote swap_reader_page() returns an error
Currently, if the swap_reader_page() of a remote buffer fails, it
triggers a WARN_ON_ONCE() and continues normally. Instead, have it
exit with an error and a pr_warn() print instead of a full WARNING.
* tag 'trace-v7.3-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/trace/linux-trace:
ring-buffer: Stop remote reader update when page swap fails
tracing: Fix retry exhaustion in simple ring buffer reader swap
tracing/user_events: Clear copied tracing state before fork duplication
samples/ftrace: Fix kthread_stop() on ERR_PTR in ftrace-direct-multi-modify
samples/ftrace: Fix kthread_stop() on ERR_PTR in ftrace-direct-modify
eventfs: Initialize ei->children and ei->list in init_ei()
tracing: Fix use-after-free in trace_pipe read on sub-buffer order change
tracing: Fix crash passing ERR_PTR to kthread_stop()
tracing: Fix use-after-free with same-name named triggers
tracing: Fix logged instance name on creation failure
Diffstat (limited to 'tools/perf/util/capstone.c')
| -rw-r--r-- | tools/perf/util/capstone.c | 653 |
1 files changed, 653 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/capstone.c b/tools/perf/util/capstone.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000..74213daf8 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/perf/util/capstone.c @@ -0,0 +1,653 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +#include "capstone.h" + +#include <errno.h> +#include <inttypes.h> +#include <string.h> + +#include <dlfcn.h> +#include <elf.h> +#include <fcntl.h> +#include <linux/ctype.h> + +#include <capstone/capstone.h> + +#include "addr_location.h" +#include "annotate.h" +#include "debug.h" +#include "disasm.h" +#include "dso.h" +#include "machine.h" +#include "map.h" +#include "namespaces.h" +#include "print_insn.h" +#include "symbol.h" +#include "thread.h" + +#if CS_VERSION_MAJOR < 5 +#define CS_ARCH_RISCV 15 +#define CS_MODE_RISCV32 1 +#define CS_MODE_RISCV64 2 +#define CS_MODE_RISCVC 4 +#endif + +#ifdef LIBCAPSTONE_DLOPEN +static void *perf_cs_dll_handle(void) +{ + static bool dll_handle_init; + static void *dll_handle; + + if (!dll_handle_init) { + dll_handle_init = true; + dll_handle = dlopen("libcapstone.so", RTLD_LAZY); + if (!dll_handle) + pr_debug("dlopen failed for libcapstone.so\n"); + } + return dll_handle; +} +#endif + +static enum cs_err perf_cs_open(enum cs_arch arch, enum cs_mode mode, csh *handle) +{ +#ifndef LIBCAPSTONE_DLOPEN + return cs_open(arch, mode, handle); +#else + static bool fn_init; + static enum cs_err (*fn)(enum cs_arch arch, enum cs_mode mode, csh *handle); + + if (!fn_init) { + fn = dlsym(perf_cs_dll_handle(), "cs_open"); + if (!fn) + pr_debug("dlsym failed for cs_open\n"); + fn_init = true; + } + if (!fn) + return CS_ERR_HANDLE; + return fn(arch, mode, handle); +#endif +} + +static enum cs_err perf_cs_option(csh handle, enum cs_opt_type type, size_t value) +{ +#ifndef LIBCAPSTONE_DLOPEN + return cs_option(handle, type, value); +#else + static bool fn_init; + static enum cs_err (*fn)(csh handle, enum cs_opt_type type, size_t value); + + if (!fn_init) { + fn = dlsym(perf_cs_dll_handle(), "cs_option"); + if (!fn) + pr_debug("dlsym failed for cs_option\n"); + fn_init = true; + } + if (!fn) + return CS_ERR_HANDLE; + return fn(handle, type, value); +#endif +} + +static size_t perf_cs_disasm(csh handle, const uint8_t *code, size_t code_size, + uint64_t address, size_t count, struct cs_insn **insn) +{ +#ifndef LIBCAPSTONE_DLOPEN + return cs_disasm(handle, code, code_size, address, count, insn); +#else + static bool fn_init; + static enum cs_err (*fn)(csh handle, const uint8_t *code, size_t code_size, + uint64_t address, size_t count, struct cs_insn **insn); + + if (!fn_init) { + fn = dlsym(perf_cs_dll_handle(), "cs_disasm"); + if (!fn) + pr_debug("dlsym failed for cs_disasm\n"); + fn_init = true; + } + if (!fn) + return CS_ERR_HANDLE; + return fn(handle, code, code_size, address, count, insn); +#endif +} + +static void perf_cs_free(struct cs_insn *insn, size_t count) +{ +#ifndef LIBCAPSTONE_DLOPEN + cs_free(insn, count); +#else + static bool fn_init; + static void (*fn)(struct cs_insn *insn, size_t count); + + if (!fn_init) { + fn = dlsym(perf_cs_dll_handle(), "cs_free"); + if (!fn) + pr_debug("dlsym failed for cs_free\n"); + fn_init = true; + } + if (!fn) + return; + fn(insn, count); +#endif +} + +static enum cs_err perf_cs_close(csh *handle) +{ +#ifndef LIBCAPSTONE_DLOPEN + return cs_close(handle); +#else + static bool fn_init; + static enum cs_err (*fn)(csh *handle); + + if (!fn_init) { + fn = dlsym(perf_cs_dll_handle(), "cs_close"); + if (!fn) + pr_debug("dlsym failed for cs_close\n"); + fn_init = true; + } + if (!fn) + return CS_ERR_HANDLE; + return fn(handle); +#endif +} + +static bool e_machine_to_capstone(uint16_t e_machine, bool is64, bool is_big_endian, + enum cs_arch *arch, enum cs_mode *mode) +{ + *mode = is_big_endian ? CS_MODE_BIG_ENDIAN : CS_MODE_LITTLE_ENDIAN; + + switch (e_machine) { + case EM_X86_64: + case EM_386: + *arch = CS_ARCH_X86; + *mode |= is64 ? CS_MODE_64 : CS_MODE_32; + return true; + case EM_AARCH64: + *arch = CS_ARCH_ARM64; + *mode |= CS_MODE_ARM; + return true; + case EM_ARM: + *arch = CS_ARCH_ARM; + *mode |= CS_MODE_ARM | CS_MODE_V8; + return true; + case EM_S390: + *arch = CS_ARCH_SYSZ; + return true; + case EM_MIPS: + *arch = CS_ARCH_MIPS; + *mode |= is64 ? CS_MODE_MIPS64 : CS_MODE_MIPS32; + return true; + case EM_PPC: + *arch = CS_ARCH_PPC; + return true; + case EM_PPC64: + *arch = CS_ARCH_PPC; + *mode |= CS_MODE_64; + return true; + case EM_SPARC: + *arch = CS_ARCH_SPARC; + return true; + case EM_SPARCV9: + *arch = CS_ARCH_SPARC; + *mode |= CS_MODE_V9; + return true; + case EM_RISCV: + *arch = CS_ARCH_RISCV; + *mode |= (is64 ? CS_MODE_RISCV64 : CS_MODE_RISCV32) | CS_MODE_RISCVC; + return true; + default: + return false; + } +} + +static int capstone_init(uint16_t e_machine, csh *cs_handle, bool is64, bool is_big_endian, + bool disassembler_style) +{ + enum cs_arch arch; + enum cs_mode mode; + + if (!e_machine_to_capstone(e_machine, is64, is_big_endian, &arch, &mode)) + return -1; + + if (perf_cs_open(arch, mode, cs_handle) != CS_ERR_OK) { + pr_warning_once("cs_open failed\n"); + return -1; + } + + if (arch == CS_ARCH_X86) { + /* + * In case of using capstone_init while symbol__disassemble + * setting CS_OPT_SYNTAX_ATT depends if disassembler_style opts + * is set via annotation args + */ + if (disassembler_style) + perf_cs_option(*cs_handle, CS_OPT_SYNTAX, CS_OPT_SYNTAX_ATT); + /* + * Resolving address operands to symbols is implemented + * on x86 by investigating instruction details. + */ + perf_cs_option(*cs_handle, CS_OPT_DETAIL, CS_OPT_ON); + } + + return 0; +} + +static size_t print_insn_x86(struct thread *thread, u8 cpumode, struct cs_insn *insn, + int print_opts, FILE *fp) +{ + struct addr_location al; + size_t printed = 0; + + if (insn->detail && insn->detail->x86.op_count == 1) { + struct cs_x86_op *op = &insn->detail->x86.operands[0]; + + addr_location__init(&al); + if (op->type == X86_OP_IMM && + thread__find_symbol(thread, cpumode, op->imm, &al)) { + printed += fprintf(fp, "%s ", insn[0].mnemonic); + printed += symbol__fprintf_symname_offs(al.sym, &al, fp); + if (print_opts & PRINT_INSN_IMM_HEX) + printed += fprintf(fp, " [%#" PRIx64 "]", op->imm); + addr_location__exit(&al); + return printed; + } + addr_location__exit(&al); + } + + printed += fprintf(fp, "%s %s", insn[0].mnemonic, insn[0].op_str); + return printed; +} + +ssize_t capstone__fprintf_insn_asm(struct machine *machine, struct thread *thread, u8 cpumode, + bool is64bit, const uint8_t *code, size_t code_size, uint64_t ip, + int *lenp, int print_opts, FILE *fp) +{ + size_t printed; + struct cs_insn *insn; + csh cs_handle; + size_t count; + bool is_big_endian = false; + uint16_t e_machine = thread__e_machine_endian(thread, machine, + /*e_flags=*/NULL, &is_big_endian); + int ret; + + /* TODO: Try to initiate capstone only once but need a proper place. */ + ret = capstone_init(e_machine, &cs_handle, is64bit, is_big_endian, + /*disassembler_style=*/true); + if (ret < 0) + return ret; + + count = perf_cs_disasm(cs_handle, code, code_size, ip, 1, &insn); + if (count > 0) { + if (e_machine == EM_X86_64 || e_machine == EM_386) + printed = print_insn_x86(thread, cpumode, &insn[0], print_opts, fp); + else + printed = fprintf(fp, "%s %s", insn[0].mnemonic, insn[0].op_str); + if (lenp) + *lenp = insn->size; + perf_cs_free(insn, count); + } else { + printed = -1; + } + + perf_cs_close(&cs_handle); + return printed; +} + +static void print_capstone_detail(struct cs_insn *insn, char *buf, size_t len, + struct annotate_args *args, u64 addr) +{ + int i; + struct map *map = args->ms->map; + struct symbol *sym; + + /* TODO: support more architectures */ + if (!arch__is_x86(args->arch)) + return; + + if (insn->detail == NULL) + return; + + for (i = 0; i < insn->detail->x86.op_count; i++) { + struct cs_x86_op *op = &insn->detail->x86.operands[i]; + u64 orig_addr; + struct map *found_map = NULL; + + if (op->type != X86_OP_MEM) + continue; + + /* only print RIP-based global symbols for now */ + if (op->mem.base != X86_REG_RIP) + continue; + + /* get the target address */ + orig_addr = addr + insn->size + op->mem.disp; + addr = map__objdump_2mem(map, orig_addr); + + if (dso__kernel(map__dso(map))) { + /* + * The kernel maps can be split into sections, let's + * find the map first and then search the symbol. + */ + found_map = maps__find(map__kmaps(map), addr); + if (found_map == NULL) + continue; + map = found_map; + } + + /* convert it to map-relative address for search */ + addr = map__map_ip(map, addr); + + sym = map__find_symbol(map, addr); + if (sym == NULL) { + map__put(found_map); + continue; + } + + if (addr == sym->start) { + scnprintf(buf, len, "\t# %"PRIx64" <%s>", + orig_addr, sym->name); + } else { + scnprintf(buf, len, "\t# %"PRIx64" <%s+%#"PRIx64">", + orig_addr, sym->name, addr - sym->start); + } + map__put(found_map); + break; + } +} + +struct find_file_offset_data { + u64 ip; + u64 offset; +}; + +/* This will be called for each PHDR in an ELF binary */ +static int find_file_offset(u64 start, u64 len, u64 pgoff, void *arg) +{ + struct find_file_offset_data *data = arg; + + if (start <= data->ip && data->ip < start + len) { + data->offset = pgoff + data->ip - start; + return 1; + } + return 0; +} + +int symbol__disassemble_capstone(const char *filename, struct symbol *sym, + struct annotate_args *args) +{ + struct annotation *notes = symbol__annotation(sym); + struct map *map = args->ms->map; + struct dso *dso = map__dso(map); + u64 start = map__rip_2objdump(map, sym->start); + u64 offset; + int i, count, free_count; + bool is_64bit = false; + bool needs_cs_close = false; + /* Malloc-ed buffer containing instructions read from disk. */ + u8 *code_buf = NULL; + /* Pointer to code to be disassembled. */ + const u8 *buf; + u64 buf_len; + csh handle; + struct cs_insn *insn = NULL; + char disasm_buf[512]; + struct disasm_line *dl; + bool disassembler_style = false; + uint16_t e_machine = EM_NONE; + bool is_big_endian = false; + + if (args->options->objdump_path) + return -1; + + buf = dso__read_symbol(dso, filename, map, sym, + &code_buf, &buf_len, &is_64bit); + if (buf == NULL) + return errno; + + /* add the function address and name */ + scnprintf(disasm_buf, sizeof(disasm_buf), "%#"PRIx64" <%s>:", + start, sym->name); + + args->offset = -1; + args->line = disasm_buf; + args->line_nr = 0; + args->fileloc = NULL; + args->ms->sym = sym; + + dl = disasm_line__new(args); + if (dl == NULL) + goto err; + + annotation_line__add(&dl->al, ¬es->src->source); + + if (!args->options->disassembler_style || + !strcmp(args->options->disassembler_style, "att")) + disassembler_style = true; + + if (args->ms->thread) { + e_machine = thread__e_machine_endian(args->ms->thread, + /*machine=*/NULL, + /*e_flags=*/NULL, &is_big_endian); + } else if (dso) { + struct maps *kmaps = (map && dso__kernel(dso)) ? map__kmaps(map) : NULL; + struct machine *kmap_machine = kmaps ? maps__machine(kmaps) : NULL; + + e_machine = dso__e_machine_endian(dso, kmap_machine, /*e_flags=*/NULL, + &is_big_endian); + } + if (!e_machine || e_machine == EM_NONE) { + e_machine = thread__e_machine_endian(NULL, + /*machine=*/NULL, + /*e_flags=*/NULL, &is_big_endian); + } + if (capstone_init(e_machine, &handle, is_64bit, is_big_endian, disassembler_style) < 0) + goto err; + + needs_cs_close = true; + + free_count = count = perf_cs_disasm(handle, buf, buf_len, start, buf_len, &insn); + for (i = 0, offset = 0; i < count; i++) { + int printed; + + printed = scnprintf(disasm_buf, sizeof(disasm_buf), + " %-7s %s", + insn[i].mnemonic, insn[i].op_str); + print_capstone_detail(&insn[i], disasm_buf + printed, + sizeof(disasm_buf) - printed, args, + start + offset); + + args->offset = offset; + args->line = disasm_buf; + + dl = disasm_line__new(args); + if (dl == NULL) + goto err; + + annotation_line__add(&dl->al, ¬es->src->source); + + offset += insn[i].size; + } + + /* It failed in the middle: probably due to unknown instructions */ + if (offset != buf_len) { + struct list_head *list = ¬es->src->source; + + /* Discard all lines and fallback to objdump */ + while (!list_empty(list)) { + dl = list_first_entry(list, struct disasm_line, al.node); + + list_del_init(&dl->al.node); + disasm_line__free(dl); + } + count = -1; + } + +out: + if (needs_cs_close) { + perf_cs_close(&handle); + if (free_count > 0) + perf_cs_free(insn, free_count); + } + free(code_buf); + return count < 0 ? count : 0; + +err: + if (needs_cs_close) { + struct disasm_line *tmp; + + /* + * It probably failed in the middle of the above loop. + * Release any resources it might add. + */ + list_for_each_entry_safe(dl, tmp, ¬es->src->source, al.node) { + list_del(&dl->al.node); + disasm_line__free(dl); + } + } + count = -1; + goto out; +} + +int symbol__disassemble_capstone_powerpc(const char *filename __maybe_unused, + struct symbol *sym __maybe_unused, + struct annotate_args *args __maybe_unused) +{ + struct annotation *notes = symbol__annotation(sym); + struct map *map = args->ms->map; + struct dso *dso = map__dso(map); + struct nscookie nsc; + u64 start = map__rip_2objdump(map, sym->start); + u64 end = map__rip_2objdump(map, sym->end); + u64 len = end - start; + u64 offset; + int i, fd, count; + bool is_64bit = false; + bool needs_cs_close = false; + u8 *buf = NULL; + struct find_file_offset_data data = { + .ip = start, + }; + csh handle; + char disasm_buf[512]; + struct disasm_line *dl; + u32 *line; + bool disassembler_style = false; + uint16_t e_machine = EM_NONE; + bool is_big_endian = false; + + if (args->options->objdump_path) + return -1; + + nsinfo__mountns_enter(dso__nsinfo(dso), &nsc); + fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY); + nsinfo__mountns_exit(&nsc); + if (fd < 0) + return -1; + + if (file__read_maps(fd, /*exe=*/true, find_file_offset, &data, + &is_64bit) == 0) + goto err; + + if (!args->options->disassembler_style || + !strcmp(args->options->disassembler_style, "att")) + disassembler_style = true; + + if (args->ms->thread) { + e_machine = thread__e_machine_endian(args->ms->thread, + /*machine=*/NULL, + /*e_flags=*/NULL, &is_big_endian); + } else if (dso) { + struct maps *kmaps = (map && dso__kernel(dso)) ? map__kmaps(map) : NULL; + struct machine *kmap_machine = kmaps ? maps__machine(kmaps) : NULL; + + e_machine = dso__e_machine_endian(dso, kmap_machine, /*e_flags=*/NULL, + &is_big_endian); + } + if (!e_machine || e_machine == EM_NONE) { + e_machine = thread__e_machine_endian(NULL, + /*machine=*/NULL, + /*e_flags=*/NULL, &is_big_endian); + } + if (capstone_init(e_machine, &handle, is_64bit, is_big_endian, disassembler_style) < 0) + goto err; + + needs_cs_close = true; + + buf = malloc(len); + if (buf == NULL) + goto err; + + count = pread(fd, buf, len, data.offset); + close(fd); + fd = -1; + + if ((u64)count != len) + goto err; + + line = (u32 *)buf; + + /* add the function address and name */ + scnprintf(disasm_buf, sizeof(disasm_buf), "%#"PRIx64" <%s>:", + start, sym->name); + + args->offset = -1; + args->line = disasm_buf; + args->line_nr = 0; + args->fileloc = NULL; + args->ms->sym = sym; + + dl = disasm_line__new(args); + if (dl == NULL) + goto err; + + annotation_line__add(&dl->al, ¬es->src->source); + + /* + * TODO: enable disassm for powerpc + * count = cs_disasm(handle, buf, len, start, len, &insn); + * + * For now, only binary code is saved in disassembled line + * to be used in "type" and "typeoff" sort keys. Each raw code + * is 32 bit instruction. So use "len/4" to get the number of + * entries. + */ + count = len/4; + + for (i = 0, offset = 0; i < count; i++) { + args->offset = offset; + sprintf(args->line, "%x", line[i]); + + dl = disasm_line__new(args); + if (dl == NULL) + break; + + annotation_line__add(&dl->al, ¬es->src->source); + + offset += 4; + } + + /* It failed in the middle */ + if (offset != len) { + struct list_head *list = ¬es->src->source; + + /* Discard all lines and fallback to objdump */ + while (!list_empty(list)) { + dl = list_first_entry(list, struct disasm_line, al.node); + + list_del_init(&dl->al.node); + disasm_line__free(dl); + } + count = -1; + } + +out: + if (needs_cs_close) + perf_cs_close(&handle); + free(buf); + return count < 0 ? count : 0; + +err: + if (fd >= 0) + close(fd); + count = -1; + goto out; +} |
