x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructionsgrafted

When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function,
a crash can be triggered.

The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues()
function:

<__hrtimer_run_queues+249>:  nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
<__hrtimer_run_queues+254>:  mov    %r14,%rdi
<__hrtimer_run_queues+257>:  cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12>
<__hrtimer_run_queues+263>:  mov    %eax,%r12d
<__hrtimer_run_queues+266>:  xchg   %ax,%ax
<__hrtimer_run_queues+268>:  mov    %r13,%rdi

Which triggers this crash:

  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9
  #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode
  #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page
  PGD 0 P4D 0
  Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI
  CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P
  RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230

Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is
at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL
instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that
call instruction.

The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a
function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation.

During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction,
int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes
long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes,
so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU
returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at
the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally,
starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely
different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash.

Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from
the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return
address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro.

[ mingo: Refined the changelog ]

Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step")
Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jinke Han <jinkehan@didiglobal.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000

9 files changed, 176 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/tools/include/asm/alternative.h b/tools/include/asm/alternative.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8e548ac8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/include/asm/alternative.h
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef _TOOLS_ASM_ALTERNATIVE_ASM_H
+#define _TOOLS_ASM_ALTERNATIVE_ASM_H
+
+#if defined(__s390x__)
+#ifdef __ASSEMBLY__
+.macro ALTERNATIVE oldinstr, newinstr, feature
+	\oldinstr
+.endm
+#endif
+#else
+
+/* Just disable it so we can build arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S for perf bench: */
+
+#define ALTERNATIVE #
+
+#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/tools/include/asm/atomic.h b/tools/include/asm/atomic.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8c9bfffd4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/include/asm/atomic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef __TOOLS_LINUX_ASM_ATOMIC_H
+#define __TOOLS_LINUX_ASM_ATOMIC_H
+
+#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
+#include "../../arch/x86/include/asm/atomic.h"
+#else
+#include <asm-generic/atomic-gcc.h>
+#endif
+
+#endif /* __TOOLS_LINUX_ASM_ATOMIC_H */
diff --git a/tools/include/asm/barrier.h b/tools/include/asm/barrier.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0c21678ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/include/asm/barrier.h
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#include <linux/compiler.h>
+#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
+#include "../../arch/x86/include/asm/barrier.h"
+#elif defined(__arm__)
+#include "../../arch/arm/include/asm/barrier.h"
+#elif defined(__aarch64__)
+#include "../../arch/arm64/include/asm/barrier.h"
+#elif defined(__powerpc__)
+#include "../../arch/powerpc/include/asm/barrier.h"
+#elif defined(__riscv)
+#include "../../arch/riscv/include/asm/barrier.h"
+#elif defined(__s390__)
+#include "../../arch/s390/include/asm/barrier.h"
+#elif defined(__sh__)
+#include "../../arch/sh/include/asm/barrier.h"
+#elif defined(__sparc__)
+#include "../../arch/sparc/include/asm/barrier.h"
+#elif defined(__tile__)
+#include "../../arch/tile/include/asm/barrier.h"
+#elif defined(__alpha__)
+#include "../../arch/alpha/include/asm/barrier.h"
+#elif defined(__mips__)
+#include "../../arch/mips/include/asm/barrier.h"
+#elif defined(__ia64__)
+#include "../../arch/ia64/include/asm/barrier.h"
+#elif defined(__xtensa__)
+#include "../../arch/xtensa/include/asm/barrier.h"
+#else
+#include <asm-generic/barrier.h>
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Generic fallback smp_*() definitions for archs that haven't
+ * been updated yet.
+ */
+
+#ifndef smp_rmb
+# define smp_rmb()	rmb()
+#endif
+
+#ifndef smp_wmb
+# define smp_wmb()	wmb()
+#endif
+
+#ifndef smp_mb
+# define smp_mb()	mb()
+#endif
+
+#ifndef smp_store_release
+# define smp_store_release(p, v)		\
+do {						\
+	smp_mb();				\
+	WRITE_ONCE(*p, v);			\
+} while (0)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef smp_load_acquire
+# define smp_load_acquire(p)			\
+({						\
+	typeof(*p) ___p1 = READ_ONCE(*p);	\
+	smp_mb();				\
+	___p1;					\
+})
+#endif
diff --git a/tools/include/asm/bug.h b/tools/include/asm/bug.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..550223f0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/include/asm/bug.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef _TOOLS_ASM_BUG_H
+#define _TOOLS_ASM_BUG_H
+
+#include <linux/compiler.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#define __WARN_printf(arg...)	do { fprintf(stderr, arg); } while (0)
+
+#define WARN(condition, format...) ({		\
+	int __ret_warn_on = !!(condition);	\
+	if (unlikely(__ret_warn_on))		\
+		__WARN_printf(format);		\
+	unlikely(__ret_warn_on);		\
+})
+
+#define WARN_ON(condition) ({					\
+	int __ret_warn_on = !!(condition);			\
+	if (unlikely(__ret_warn_on))				\
+		__WARN_printf("assertion failed at %s:%d\n",	\
+				__FILE__, __LINE__);		\
+	unlikely(__ret_warn_on);				\
+})
+
+#define WARN_ON_ONCE(condition) ({			\
+	static int __warned;				\
+	int __ret_warn_once = !!(condition);		\
+							\
+	if (unlikely(__ret_warn_once && !__warned)) {	\
+		__warned = true;			\
+		WARN_ON(1);				\
+	}						\
+	unlikely(__ret_warn_once);			\
+})
+
+#define WARN_ONCE(condition, format...)	({	\
+	static int __warned;			\
+	int __ret_warn_once = !!(condition);	\
+						\
+	if (unlikely(__ret_warn_once))		\
+		if (WARN(!__warned, format)) 	\
+			__warned = 1;		\
+	unlikely(__ret_warn_once);		\
+})
+
+#endif /* _TOOLS_ASM_BUG_H */
diff --git a/tools/include/asm/export.h b/tools/include/asm/export.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2cb1a0d83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/include/asm/export.h
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#ifndef _TOOLS_ASM_EXPORT_H
+#define _TOOLS_ASM_EXPORT_H
+
+#define EXPORT_SYMBOL(x)
+#define EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(x)
+
+#endif /* _TOOLS_ASM_EXPORT_H */
diff --git a/tools/include/asm/io.h b/tools/include/asm/io.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eed5066f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/include/asm/io.h
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef _TOOLS_ASM_IO_H
+#define _TOOLS_ASM_IO_H
+
+#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
+#include "../../arch/x86/include/asm/io.h"
+#else
+#include <asm-generic/io.h>
+#endif
+
+#endif /* _TOOLS_ASM_IO_H */
diff --git a/tools/include/asm/rwonce.h b/tools/include/asm/rwonce.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/include/asm/rwonce.h
diff --git a/tools/include/asm/sections.h b/tools/include/asm/sections.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a80643d7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/include/asm/sections.h
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#ifndef __TOOLS_INCLUDE_LINUX_ASM_SECTIONS_H
+#define __TOOLS_INCLUDE_LINUX_ASM_SECTIONS_H
+
+#endif /* __TOOLS_INCLUDE_LINUX_ASM_SECTIONS_H */
diff --git a/tools/include/asm/timex.h b/tools/include/asm/timex.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5adfe3c6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/include/asm/timex.h
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef __TOOLS_LINUX_ASM_TIMEX_H
+#define __TOOLS_LINUX_ASM_TIMEX_H
+
+#include <time.h>
+
+#define cycles_t clock_t
+
+static inline cycles_t get_cycles(void)
+{
+	return clock();
+}
+#endif // __TOOLS_LINUX_ASM_TIMEX_H