treewide: refresh kmalloc_obj() conversionsgrafted

This is another run of the Coccinelle script for converting kmalloc()
family of allocations to kmalloc_obj() via the existing rules in
scripts/coccinelle/api/kmalloc_objs.cocci

This catches both the set of kmalloc() uses added since the first
kmalloc_obj() conversions in v7.0 and adds a large group missed in the
first pass due to Coccinelle not interacting well with the cleanup.h
scoped_...() family of macros[1]. I worked around this with spatch's
"--macro-file" argument to a file with all the scoped_...() macros mapped
to Coccinelle's YACFE_ITERATOR[2] as that was the closest viable control
flow indicator I could find.

Build tested allmodconfig on x86, arm64, arm, loongarch, mips, powerpc,
riscv, and s390 with no new warnings.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/202609021314.8A9C0B8@keescook/ [1]
Link: https://github.com/coccinelle/coccinelle/blob/master/standard.h [2]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees+treewide@kernel.org>

1 files changed, 2804 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sound/usb/quirks.c b/sound/usb/quirks.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..919381729
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/usb/quirks.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2804 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ */
+
+#include <linux/cleanup.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/usb.h>
+#include <linux/usb/audio.h>
+#include <linux/usb/midi.h>
+#include <linux/bits.h>
+
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/info.h>
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+
+#include "usbaudio.h"
+#include "card.h"
+#include "mixer.h"
+#include "mixer_quirks.h"
+#include "midi.h"
+#include "midi2.h"
+#include "quirks.h"
+#include "helper.h"
+#include "endpoint.h"
+#include "pcm.h"
+#include "clock.h"
+#include "stream.h"
+
+/*
+ * handle the quirks for the contained interfaces
+ */
+static int create_composite_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				  struct usb_interface *iface,
+				  struct usb_driver *driver,
+				  const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk_comp)
+{
+	int probed_ifnum = get_iface_desc(iface->altsetting)->bInterfaceNumber;
+	const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk;
+	int err;
+
+	for (quirk = quirk_comp->data; quirk->ifnum >= 0; ++quirk) {
+		iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(chip->dev, quirk->ifnum);
+		if (!iface)
+			continue;
+		if (quirk->ifnum != probed_ifnum &&
+		    usb_interface_claimed(iface))
+			continue;
+		err = snd_usb_create_quirk(chip, iface, driver, quirk);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	for (quirk = quirk_comp->data; quirk->ifnum >= 0; ++quirk) {
+		iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(chip->dev, quirk->ifnum);
+		if (!iface)
+			continue;
+		if (quirk->ifnum != probed_ifnum &&
+		    !usb_interface_claimed(iface)) {
+			err = usb_driver_claim_interface(driver, iface,
+							 USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ignore_interface_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				  struct usb_interface *iface,
+				  struct usb_driver *driver,
+				  const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int create_any_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				 struct usb_interface *intf,
+				 struct usb_driver *driver,
+				 const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
+{
+	return snd_usb_midi_v2_create(chip, intf, quirk, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * create a stream for an interface with proper descriptors
+ */
+static int create_standard_audio_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				       struct usb_interface *iface,
+				       struct usb_driver *driver,
+				       const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
+{
+	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
+	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
+	int err;
+
+	alts = &iface->altsetting[0];
+	altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
+	err = snd_usb_parse_audio_interface(chip, altsd->bInterfaceNumber);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		usb_audio_err(chip, "cannot setup if %d: error %d\n",
+			   altsd->bInterfaceNumber, err);
+		return err;
+	}
+	/* reset the current interface */
+	usb_set_interface(chip->dev, altsd->bInterfaceNumber, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* create the audio stream and the corresponding endpoints from the fixed
+ * audioformat object; this is used for quirks with the fixed EPs
+ */
+static int add_audio_stream_from_fixed_fmt(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+					   struct audioformat *fp)
+{
+	int stream, err;
+
+	stream = (fp->endpoint & USB_DIR_IN) ?
+		SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE : SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK;
+
+	snd_usb_audioformat_set_sync_ep(chip, fp);
+
+	err = snd_usb_add_audio_stream(chip, stream, fp, NULL);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_usb_add_endpoint(chip, fp->endpoint,
+				   SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (fp->sync_ep) {
+		err = snd_usb_add_endpoint(chip, fp->sync_ep,
+					   fp->implicit_fb ?
+					   SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA :
+					   SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * create a stream for an endpoint/altsetting without proper descriptors
+ */
+static int create_fixed_stream_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				     struct usb_interface *iface,
+				     struct usb_driver *driver,
+				     const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
+{
+	struct audioformat *fp;
+	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
+	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
+	unsigned *rate_table = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	fp = kmemdup(quirk->data, sizeof(*fp), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!fp)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&fp->list);
+	if (fp->nr_rates > MAX_NR_RATES) {
+		kfree(fp);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (fp->nr_rates > 0) {
+		rate_table = kmemdup_array(fp->rate_table, fp->nr_rates, sizeof(int),
+					   GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!rate_table) {
+			kfree(fp);
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+		fp->rate_table = rate_table;
+	}
+
+	if (fp->iface != get_iface_desc(&iface->altsetting[0])->bInterfaceNumber ||
+	    fp->altset_idx >= iface->num_altsetting) {
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		goto error;
+	}
+	alts = &iface->altsetting[fp->altset_idx];
+	altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
+	if (altsd->bNumEndpoints <= fp->ep_idx) {
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		goto error;
+	}
+
+	fp->protocol = altsd->bInterfaceProtocol;
+
+	if (fp->datainterval == 0)
+		fp->datainterval = snd_usb_parse_datainterval(chip, alts);
+	if (fp->maxpacksize == 0)
+		fp->maxpacksize = le16_to_cpu(get_endpoint(alts, fp->ep_idx)->wMaxPacketSize);
+	if (!fp->fmt_type)
+		fp->fmt_type = UAC_FORMAT_TYPE_I;
+
+	err = add_audio_stream_from_fixed_fmt(chip, fp);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	usb_set_interface(chip->dev, fp->iface, 0);
+	snd_usb_init_pitch(chip, fp);
+	snd_usb_init_sample_rate(chip, fp, fp->rate_max);
+	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	list_del(&fp->list); /* unlink for avoiding double-free */
+	kfree(fp);
+	kfree(rate_table);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int create_auto_pcm_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				 struct usb_interface *iface,
+				 struct usb_driver *driver)
+{
+	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
+	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
+	struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;
+	struct uac1_as_header_descriptor *ashd;
+	struct uac_format_type_i_discrete_descriptor *fmtd;
+
+	/*
+	 * Most Roland/Yamaha audio streaming interfaces have more or less
+	 * standard descriptors, but older devices might lack descriptors, and
+	 * future ones might change, so ensure that we fail silently if the
+	 * interface doesn't look exactly right.
+	 */
+
+	/* must have a non-zero altsetting for streaming */
+	if (iface->num_altsetting < 2)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	alts = &iface->altsetting[1];
+	altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
+
+	/* must have an isochronous endpoint for streaming */
+	if (altsd->bNumEndpoints < 1)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	epd = get_endpoint(alts, 0);
+	if (!usb_endpoint_xfer_isoc(epd))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	/* must have format descriptors */
+	ashd = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra, alts->extralen, NULL,
+				       UAC_AS_GENERAL);
+	fmtd = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra, alts->extralen, NULL,
+				       UAC_FORMAT_TYPE);
+	if (!ashd || ashd->bLength < 7 ||
+	    !fmtd || fmtd->bLength < 8)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	return create_standard_audio_quirk(chip, iface, driver, NULL);
+}
+
+static int create_yamaha_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				    struct usb_interface *iface,
+				    struct usb_driver *driver,
+				    struct usb_host_interface *alts)
+{
+	static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk yamaha_midi_quirk = {
+		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_YAMAHA
+	};
+	struct usb_midi_in_jack_descriptor *injd;
+	struct usb_midi_out_jack_descriptor *outjd;
+
+	/* must have some valid jack descriptors */
+	injd = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra, alts->extralen,
+				       NULL, USB_MS_MIDI_IN_JACK);
+	outjd = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra, alts->extralen,
+					NULL, USB_MS_MIDI_OUT_JACK);
+	if (!injd && !outjd)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	if ((injd && !snd_usb_validate_midi_desc(injd)) ||
+	    (outjd && !snd_usb_validate_midi_desc(outjd)))
+		return -ENODEV;
+	if (injd && (injd->bLength < 5 ||
+		     (injd->bJackType != USB_MS_EMBEDDED &&
+		      injd->bJackType != USB_MS_EXTERNAL)))
+		return -ENODEV;
+	if (outjd && (outjd->bLength < 6 ||
+		      (outjd->bJackType != USB_MS_EMBEDDED &&
+		       outjd->bJackType != USB_MS_EXTERNAL)))
+		return -ENODEV;
+	return create_any_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, &yamaha_midi_quirk);
+}
+
+static int create_roland_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				    struct usb_interface *iface,
+				    struct usb_driver *driver,
+				    struct usb_host_interface *alts)
+{
+	static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk roland_midi_quirk = {
+		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_ROLAND
+	};
+	u8 *roland_desc = NULL;
+
+	/* might have a vendor-specific descriptor <06 24 F1 02 ...> */
+	for (;;) {
+		roland_desc = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra,
+						      alts->extralen,
+						      roland_desc, 0xf1);
+		if (!roland_desc)
+			return -ENODEV;
+		if (roland_desc[0] < 6 || roland_desc[3] != 2)
+			continue;
+		return create_any_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver,
+					     &roland_midi_quirk);
+	}
+}
+
+static int create_std_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				 struct usb_interface *iface,
+				 struct usb_driver *driver,
+				 struct usb_host_interface *alts)
+{
+	struct usb_ms_header_descriptor *mshd;
+	struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor *msepd;
+
+	/* must have the MIDIStreaming interface header descriptor*/
+	mshd = (struct usb_ms_header_descriptor *)alts->extra;
+	if (alts->extralen < 7 ||
+	    mshd->bLength < 7 ||
+	    mshd->bDescriptorType != USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE ||
+	    mshd->bDescriptorSubtype != USB_MS_HEADER)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	/* must have the MIDIStreaming endpoint descriptor*/
+	msepd = (struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor *)alts->endpoint[0].extra;
+	if (alts->endpoint[0].extralen < 4 ||
+	    msepd->bLength < 4 ||
+	    msepd->bDescriptorType != USB_DT_CS_ENDPOINT ||
+	    msepd->bDescriptorSubtype != UAC_MS_GENERAL ||
+	    msepd->bNumEmbMIDIJack < 1 ||
+	    msepd->bNumEmbMIDIJack > 16)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	return create_any_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, NULL);
+}
+
+static int create_auto_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				  struct usb_interface *iface,
+				  struct usb_driver *driver)
+{
+	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
+	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
+	struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;
+	int err;
+
+	alts = &iface->altsetting[0];
+	altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
+
+	/* must have at least one bulk/interrupt endpoint for streaming */
+	if (altsd->bNumEndpoints < 1)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	epd = get_endpoint(alts, 0);
+	if (!usb_endpoint_xfer_bulk(epd) &&
+	    !usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	switch (USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id)) {
+	case 0x0499: /* Yamaha */
+		err = create_yamaha_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, alts);
+		if (err != -ENODEV)
+			return err;
+		break;
+	case 0x0582: /* Roland */
+		err = create_roland_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, alts);
+		if (err != -ENODEV)
+			return err;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return create_std_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, alts);
+}
+
+static int create_autodetect_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				   struct usb_interface *iface,
+				   struct usb_driver *driver,
+				   const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = create_auto_pcm_quirk(chip, iface, driver);
+	if (err == -ENODEV)
+		err = create_auto_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a stream for an Edirol UA-700/UA-25/UA-4FX interface.  
+ * The only way to detect the sample rate is by looking at wMaxPacketSize.
+ */
+static int create_uaxx_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+			     struct usb_interface *iface,
+			     struct usb_driver *driver,
+			     const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
+{
+	static const struct audioformat ua_format = {
+		.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE,
+		.channels = 2,
+		.fmt_type = UAC_FORMAT_TYPE_I,
+		.altsetting = 1,
+		.altset_idx = 1,
+		.rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS,
+	};
+	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
+	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
+	struct audioformat *fp;
+	int err;
+
+	/* both PCM and MIDI interfaces have 2 or more altsettings */
+	if (iface->num_altsetting < 2)
+		return -ENXIO;
+	alts = &iface->altsetting[1];
+	altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
+
+	if (altsd->bNumEndpoints == 2) {
+		static const struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info ua700_ep = {
+			.out_cables = 0x0003,
+			.in_cables  = 0x0003
+		};
+		static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk ua700_quirk = {
+			.type = QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
+			.data = &ua700_ep
+		};
+		static const struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info uaxx_ep = {
+			.out_cables = 0x0001,
+			.in_cables  = 0x0001
+		};
+		static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk uaxx_quirk = {
+			.type = QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
+			.data = &uaxx_ep
+		};
+		const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk =
+			chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0582, 0x002b)
+			? &ua700_quirk : &uaxx_quirk;
+		return __snd_usbmidi_create(chip->card, iface,
+					    &chip->midi_list, quirk,
+					    chip->usb_id,
+					    &chip->num_rawmidis);
+	}
+
+	if (altsd->bNumEndpoints != 1)
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	fp = kmemdup(&ua_format, sizeof(*fp), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!fp)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	fp->iface = altsd->bInterfaceNumber;
+	fp->endpoint = get_endpoint(alts, 0)->bEndpointAddress;
+	fp->ep_attr = get_endpoint(alts, 0)->bmAttributes;
+	fp->datainterval = 0;
+	fp->maxpacksize = le16_to_cpu(get_endpoint(alts, 0)->wMaxPacketSize);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&fp->list);
+
+	switch (fp->maxpacksize) {
+	case 0x120:
+		fp->rate_max = fp->rate_min = 44100;
+		break;
+	case 0x138:
+	case 0x140:
+		fp->rate_max = fp->rate_min = 48000;
+		break;
+	case 0x258:
+	case 0x260:
+		fp->rate_max = fp->rate_min = 96000;
+		break;
+	default:
+		usb_audio_err(chip, "unknown sample rate\n");
+		kfree(fp);
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+
+	err = add_audio_stream_from_fixed_fmt(chip, fp);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		list_del(&fp->list); /* unlink for avoiding double-free */
+		kfree(fp);
+		return err;
+	}
+	usb_set_interface(chip->dev, fp->iface, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a standard mixer for the specified interface.
+ */
+static int create_standard_mixer_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				       struct usb_interface *iface,
+				       struct usb_driver *driver,
+				       const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
+{
+	if (quirk->ifnum < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	return snd_usb_create_mixer(chip, quirk->ifnum);
+}
+
+/*
+ * audio-interface quirks
+ *
+ * returns zero if no standard audio/MIDI parsing is needed.
+ * returns a positive value if standard audio/midi interfaces are parsed
+ * after this.
+ * returns a negative value at error.
+ */
+int snd_usb_create_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+			 struct usb_interface *iface,
+			 struct usb_driver *driver,
+			 const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
+{
+	typedef int (*quirk_func_t)(struct snd_usb_audio *,
+				    struct usb_interface *,
+				    struct usb_driver *,
+				    const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *);
+	static const quirk_func_t quirk_funcs[] = {
+		[QUIRK_IGNORE_INTERFACE] = ignore_interface_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_COMPOSITE] = create_composite_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_AUTODETECT] = create_autodetect_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_MIDI_STANDARD_INTERFACE] = create_any_midi_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT] = create_any_midi_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_MIDI_YAMAHA] = create_any_midi_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_MIDI_ROLAND] = create_any_midi_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_MIDI_MIDIMAN] = create_any_midi_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_MIDI_NOVATION] = create_any_midi_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_MIDI_RAW_BYTES] = create_any_midi_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_MIDI_EMAGIC] = create_any_midi_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_MIDI_CME] = create_any_midi_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_MIDI_AKAI] = create_any_midi_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_MIDI_FTDI] = create_any_midi_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_MIDI_CH345] = create_any_midi_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_AUDIO_STANDARD_INTERFACE] = create_standard_audio_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_AUDIO_FIXED_ENDPOINT] = create_fixed_stream_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_AUDIO_EDIROL_UAXX] = create_uaxx_quirk,
+		[QUIRK_AUDIO_STANDARD_MIXER] = create_standard_mixer_quirk,
+	};
+
+	if (quirk->type < QUIRK_TYPE_COUNT) {
+		return quirk_funcs[quirk->type](chip, iface, driver, quirk);
+	} else {
+		usb_audio_err(chip, "invalid quirk type %d\n", quirk->type);
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * boot quirks
+ */
+
+#define EXTIGY_FIRMWARE_SIZE_OLD 794
+#define EXTIGY_FIRMWARE_SIZE_NEW 483
+
+static int snd_usb_extigy_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev, struct usb_interface *intf)
+{
+	struct usb_host_config *config = dev->actconfig;
+	int err;
+
+	if (le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength) == EXTIGY_FIRMWARE_SIZE_OLD ||
+	    le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength) == EXTIGY_FIRMWARE_SIZE_NEW) {
+		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "sending Extigy boot sequence...\n");
+		/* Send message to force it to reconnect with full interface. */
+		err = snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev,0),
+				      0x10, 0x43, 0x0001, 0x000a, NULL, 0);
+		if (err < 0)
+			dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error sending boot message: %d\n", err);
+		struct usb_device_descriptor *new_device_descriptor __free(kfree) =
+			kmalloc_obj(*new_device_descriptor);
+		if (!new_device_descriptor)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		err = usb_get_descriptor(dev, USB_DT_DEVICE, 0,
+				new_device_descriptor, sizeof(*new_device_descriptor));
+		if (err < 0)
+			dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error usb_get_descriptor: %d\n", err);
+		if (new_device_descriptor->bNumConfigurations > dev->descriptor.bNumConfigurations)
+			dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error too large bNumConfigurations: %d\n",
+				new_device_descriptor->bNumConfigurations);
+		else
+			memcpy(&dev->descriptor, new_device_descriptor, sizeof(dev->descriptor));
+		err = usb_reset_configuration(dev);
+		if (err < 0)
+			dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error usb_reset_configuration: %d\n", err);
+		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "extigy_boot: new boot length = %d\n",
+			    le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength));
+		return -ENODEV; /* quit this anyway */
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_usb_audigy2nx_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	u8 buf = 1;
+
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(dev, 0), 0x2a,
+			USB_DIR_IN | USB_TYPE_VENDOR | USB_RECIP_OTHER,
+			0, 0, &buf, 1);
+	if (buf == 0) {
+		snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), 0x29,
+				USB_DIR_OUT | USB_TYPE_VENDOR | USB_RECIP_OTHER,
+				1, 2000, NULL, 0);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_usb_fasttrackpro_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if (dev->actconfig->desc.bConfigurationValue == 1) {
+		dev_info(&dev->dev,
+			   "Fast Track Pro switching to config #2\n");
+		/* This function has to be available by the usb core module.
+		 * if it is not avialable the boot quirk has to be left out
+		 * and the configuration has to be set by udev or hotplug
+		 * rules
+		 */
+		err = usb_driver_set_configuration(dev, 2);
+		if (err < 0)
+			dev_dbg(&dev->dev,
+				"error usb_driver_set_configuration: %d\n",
+				err);
+		/* Always return an error, so that we stop creating a device
+		   that will just be destroyed and recreated with a new
+		   configuration */
+		return -ENODEV;
+	} else
+		dev_info(&dev->dev, "Fast Track Pro config OK\n");
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * C-Media CM106/CM106+ have four 16-bit internal registers that are nicely
+ * documented in the device's data sheet.
+ */
+static int snd_usb_cm106_write_int_reg(struct usb_device *dev, int reg, u16 value)
+{
+	u8 buf[4];
+	buf[0] = 0x20;
+	buf[1] = value & 0xff;
+	buf[2] = (value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	buf[3] = reg;
+	return snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), USB_REQ_SET_CONFIGURATION,
+			       USB_DIR_OUT | USB_TYPE_CLASS | USB_RECIP_ENDPOINT,
+			       0, 0, &buf, 4);
+}
+
+static int snd_usb_cm106_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Enable line-out driver mode, set headphone source to front
+	 * channels, enable stereo mic.
+	 */
+	return snd_usb_cm106_write_int_reg(dev, 2, 0x8004);
+}
+
+/*
+ * CM6206 registers from the CM6206 datasheet rev 2.1
+ */
+#define CM6206_REG0_DMA_MASTER BIT(15)
+#define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_RATE_48K (2 << 12)
+#define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_RATE_96K (7 << 12)
+/* Bit 4 thru 11 is the S/PDIF category code */
+#define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_CAT_CODE_GENERAL (0 << 4)
+#define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_EMPHASIS_CD BIT(3)
+#define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_COPYRIGHT_NA BIT(2)
+#define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_NON_AUDIO BIT(1)
+#define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_PRO_FORMAT BIT(0)
+
+#define CM6206_REG1_TEST_SEL_CLK BIT(14)
+#define CM6206_REG1_PLLBIN_EN BIT(13)
+#define CM6206_REG1_SOFT_MUTE_EN BIT(12)
+#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO4_OUT BIT(11)
+#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO4_OE BIT(10)
+#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO3_OUT BIT(9)
+#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO3_OE BIT(8)
+#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO2_OUT BIT(7)
+#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO2_OE BIT(6)
+#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO1_OUT BIT(5)
+#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO1_OE BIT(4)
+#define CM6206_REG1_SPDIFO_INVALID BIT(3)
+#define CM6206_REG1_SPDIF_LOOP_EN BIT(2)
+#define CM6206_REG1_SPDIFO_DIS BIT(1)
+#define CM6206_REG1_SPDIFI_MIX BIT(0)
+
+#define CM6206_REG2_DRIVER_ON BIT(15)
+#define CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_SIDE_CHANNELS (0 << 13)
+#define CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_SURROUND_CHANNELS (1 << 13)
+#define CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_CENTER_SUBW (2 << 13)
+#define CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_FRONT_CHANNELS (3 << 13)
+#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_HEADPHONE_RIGHT BIT(12)
+#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_HEADPHONE_LEFT BIT(11)
+#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_REAR_SURROUND_RIGHT BIT(10)
+#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_REAR_SURROUND_LEFT BIT(9)
+#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_SIDE_SURROUND_RIGHT BIT(8)
+#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_SIDE_SURROUND_LEFT BIT(7)
+#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_SUBWOOFER BIT(6)
+#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_CENTER BIT(5)
+#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_RIGHT_FRONT BIT(3)
+#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_LEFT_FRONT BIT(3)
+#define CM6206_REG2_EN_BTL BIT(2)
+#define CM6206_REG2_MCUCLKSEL_1_5_MHZ (0)
+#define CM6206_REG2_MCUCLKSEL_3_MHZ (1)
+#define CM6206_REG2_MCUCLKSEL_6_MHZ (2)
+#define CM6206_REG2_MCUCLKSEL_12_MHZ (3)
+
+/* Bit 11..13 sets the sensitivity to FLY tuner volume control VP/VD signal */
+#define CM6206_REG3_FLYSPEED_DEFAULT (2 << 11)
+#define CM6206_REG3_VRAP25EN BIT(10)
+#define CM6206_REG3_MSEL1 BIT(9)
+#define CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_RATE_44_1K BIT(0 << 7)
+#define CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_RATE_48K BIT(2 << 7)
+#define CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_RATE_32K BIT(3 << 7)
+#define CM6206_REG3_PINSEL BIT(6)
+#define CM6206_REG3_FOE BIT(5)
+#define CM6206_REG3_ROE BIT(4)
+#define CM6206_REG3_CBOE BIT(3)
+#define CM6206_REG3_LOSE BIT(2)
+#define CM6206_REG3_HPOE BIT(1)
+#define CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_CANREC BIT(0)
+
+#define CM6206_REG5_DA_RSTN BIT(13)
+#define CM6206_REG5_AD_RSTN BIT(12)
+#define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_AD2SPDO BIT(12)
+#define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_SEL_FRONT (0 << 9)
+#define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_SEL_SIDE_SUR (1 << 9)
+#define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_SEL_CEN_LFE (2 << 9)
+#define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_SEL_REAR_SUR (3 << 9)
+#define CM6206_REG5_CODECM BIT(8)
+#define CM6206_REG5_EN_HPF BIT(7)
+#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDA4 BIT(6)
+#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDA3 BIT(5)
+#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDA2 BIT(4)
+#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDA1 BIT(3)
+#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_NORMAL 0
+#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_FRONT 4
+#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_S_SURROUND 5
+#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_CEN_LFE 6
+#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_R_SURROUND 7
+
+static int snd_usb_cm6206_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	int err  = 0, reg;
+	int val[] = {
+		/*
+		 * Values here are chosen based on sniffing USB traffic
+		 * under Windows.
+		 *
+		 * REG0: DAC is master, sample rate 48kHz, no copyright
+		 */
+		CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_RATE_48K |
+		CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_COPYRIGHT_NA,
+		/*
+		 * REG1: PLL binary search enable, soft mute enable.
+		 */
+		CM6206_REG1_PLLBIN_EN |
+		CM6206_REG1_SOFT_MUTE_EN,
+		/*
+		 * REG2: enable output drivers,
+		 * select front channels to the headphone output,
+		 * then mute the headphone channels, run the MCU
+		 * at 1.5 MHz.
+		 */
+		CM6206_REG2_DRIVER_ON |
+		CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_FRONT_CHANNELS |
+		CM6206_REG2_MUTE_HEADPHONE_RIGHT |
+		CM6206_REG2_MUTE_HEADPHONE_LEFT,
+		/*
+		 * REG3: default flyspeed, set 2.5V mic bias
+		 * enable all line out ports and enable SPDIF
+		 */
+		CM6206_REG3_FLYSPEED_DEFAULT |
+		CM6206_REG3_VRAP25EN |
+		CM6206_REG3_FOE |
+		CM6206_REG3_ROE |
+		CM6206_REG3_CBOE |
+		CM6206_REG3_LOSE |
+		CM6206_REG3_HPOE |
+		CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_CANREC,
+		/* REG4 is just a bunch of GPIO lines */
+		0x0000,
+		/* REG5: de-assert AD/DA reset signals */
+		CM6206_REG5_DA_RSTN |
+		CM6206_REG5_AD_RSTN };
+
+	for (reg = 0; reg < ARRAY_SIZE(val); reg++) {
+		err = snd_usb_cm106_write_int_reg(dev, reg, val[reg]);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* quirk for Plantronics GameCom 780 with CM6302 chip */
+static int snd_usb_gamecon780_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	/* set the initial volume and don't change; other values are either
+	 * too loud or silent due to firmware bug (bko#65251)
+	 */
+	u8 buf[2] = { 0x74, 0xe3 };
+	return snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), UAC_SET_CUR,
+			USB_RECIP_INTERFACE | USB_TYPE_CLASS | USB_DIR_OUT,
+			UAC_FU_VOLUME << 8, 9 << 8, buf, 2);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Novation Twitch DJ controller
+ * Focusrite Novation Saffire 6 USB audio card
+ */
+static int snd_usb_novation_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	/* preemptively set up the device because otherwise the
+	 * raw MIDI endpoints are not active */
+	usb_set_interface(dev, 0, 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This call will put the synth in "USB send" mode, i.e it will send MIDI
+ * messages through USB (this is disabled at startup). The synth will
+ * acknowledge by sending a sysex on endpoint 0x85 and by displaying a USB
+ * sign on its LCD. Values here are chosen based on sniffing USB traffic
+ * under Windows.
+ */
+static int snd_usb_accessmusic_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	int err, actual_length;
+	/* "midi send" enable */
+	static const u8 seq[] = { 0x4e, 0x73, 0x52, 0x01 };
+	void *buf;
+
+	if (usb_pipe_type_check(dev, usb_sndintpipe(dev, 0x05)))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	buf = kmemdup(seq, ARRAY_SIZE(seq), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!buf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = usb_interrupt_msg(dev, usb_sndintpipe(dev, 0x05), buf,
+			ARRAY_SIZE(seq), &actual_length, 1000);
+	kfree(buf);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Some sound cards from Native Instruments are in fact compliant to the USB
+ * audio standard of version 2 and other approved USB standards, even though
+ * they come up as vendor-specific device when first connected.
+ *
+ * However, they can be told to come up with a new set of descriptors
+ * upon their next enumeration, and the interfaces announced by the new
+ * descriptors will then be handled by the kernel's class drivers. As the
+ * product ID will also change, no further checks are required.
+ */
+
+static int snd_usb_nativeinstruments_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = usb_control_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+				  0xaf, USB_TYPE_VENDOR | USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
+				  1, 0, NULL, 0, 1000);
+
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	usb_reset_device(dev);
+
+	/* return -EAGAIN, so the creation of an audio interface for this
+	 * temporary device is aborted. The device will reconnect with a
+	 * new product ID */
+	return -EAGAIN;
+}
+
+static void mbox2_setup_48_24_magic(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	u8 srate[3];
+	u8 temp[12];
+
+	/* Choose 48000Hz permanently */
+	srate[0] = 0x80;
+	srate[1] = 0xbb;
+	srate[2] = 0x00;
+
+	/* Send the magic! */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+		0x01, 0x22, 0x0100, 0x0085, &temp, 0x0003);
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+		0x81, 0xa2, 0x0100, 0x0085, &srate, 0x0003);
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+		0x81, 0xa2, 0x0100, 0x0086, &srate, 0x0003);
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+		0x81, 0xa2, 0x0100, 0x0003, &srate, 0x0003);
+	return;
+}
+
+/* Digidesign Mbox 2 needs to load firmware onboard
+ * and driver must wait a few seconds for initialisation.
+ */
+
+#define MBOX2_FIRMWARE_SIZE    646
+#define MBOX2_BOOT_LOADING     0x01 /* Hard coded into the device */
+#define MBOX2_BOOT_READY       0x02 /* Hard coded into the device */
+
+static int snd_usb_mbox2_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	struct usb_host_config *config = dev->actconfig;
+	int err;
+	u8 bootresponse[0x12];
+	int fwsize;
+	int count;
+
+	fwsize = le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength);
+
+	if (fwsize != MBOX2_FIRMWARE_SIZE) {
+		dev_err(&dev->dev, "Invalid firmware size=%d.\n", fwsize);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "Sending Digidesign Mbox 2 boot sequence...\n");
+
+	count = 0;
+	bootresponse[0] = MBOX2_BOOT_LOADING;
+	while ((bootresponse[0] == MBOX2_BOOT_LOADING) && (count < 10)) {
+		msleep(500); /* 0.5 second delay */
+		snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			/* Control magic - load onboard firmware */
+			0x85, 0xc0, 0x0001, 0x0000, &bootresponse, 0x0012);
+		if (bootresponse[0] == MBOX2_BOOT_READY)
+			break;
+		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "device not ready, resending boot sequence...\n");
+		count++;
+	}
+
+	if (bootresponse[0] != MBOX2_BOOT_READY) {
+		dev_err(&dev->dev, "Unknown bootresponse=%d, or timed out, ignoring device.\n", bootresponse[0]);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "device initialised!\n");
+
+	struct usb_device_descriptor *new_device_descriptor __free(kfree) =
+		kmalloc_obj(*new_device_descriptor);
+	if (!new_device_descriptor)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	err = usb_get_descriptor(dev, USB_DT_DEVICE, 0,
+		new_device_descriptor, sizeof(*new_device_descriptor));
+	if (err < 0)
+		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error usb_get_descriptor: %d\n", err);
+	if (new_device_descriptor->bNumConfigurations > dev->descriptor.bNumConfigurations)
+		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error too large bNumConfigurations: %d\n",
+			new_device_descriptor->bNumConfigurations);
+	else
+		memcpy(&dev->descriptor, new_device_descriptor, sizeof(dev->descriptor));
+
+	err = usb_reset_configuration(dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error usb_reset_configuration: %d\n", err);
+	dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "mbox2_boot: new boot length = %d\n",
+		le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength));
+
+	mbox2_setup_48_24_magic(dev);
+
+	dev_info(&dev->dev, "Digidesign Mbox 2: 24bit 48kHz");
+
+	return 0; /* Successful boot */
+}
+
+static int snd_usb_axefx3_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "Waiting for Axe-Fx III to boot up...\n");
+
+	/* If the Axe-Fx III has not fully booted, it will timeout when trying
+	 * to enable the audio streaming interface. A more generous timeout is
+	 * used here to detect when the Axe-Fx III has finished booting as the
+	 * set interface message will be acked once it has
+	 */
+	err = usb_control_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+				USB_REQ_SET_INTERFACE, USB_RECIP_INTERFACE,
+				1, 1, NULL, 0, 120000);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(&dev->dev,
+			"failed waiting for Axe-Fx III to boot: %d\n", err);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "Axe-Fx III is now ready\n");
+
+	err = usb_set_interface(dev, 1, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		dev_dbg(&dev->dev,
+			"error stopping Axe-Fx III interface: %d\n", err);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void mbox3_setup_defaults(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	/* The Mbox 3 is "little endian" */
+	/* max volume is: 0x0000. */
+	/* min volume is: 0x0080 (shown in little endian form) */
+
+	u8 com_buff[2];
+
+	/* Deactivate Tuner */
+	/* on  = 0x01*/
+	/* off = 0x00*/
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+		0x01, 0x21, 0x0003, 0x2001, &com_buff, 1);
+
+	/* Set clock source to Internal (as opposed to S/PDIF) */
+	/* Internal  = 0x01*/
+	/* S/PDIF    = 0x02*/
+	com_buff[0] = 0x01;
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0100, 0x8001, &com_buff, 1);
+
+	/* Mute the hardware loopbacks to start the device in a known state. */
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
+	/* Analogue input 1 left channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0110, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue input 1 right channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0111, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue input 2 left channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0114, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue input 2 right channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0115, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue input 3 left channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0118, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue input 3 right channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0119, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue input 4 left channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x011c, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue input 4 right channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x011d, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+
+	/* Set software sends to output */
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	com_buff[1] = 0x00;
+	/* Analogue software return 1 left channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0100, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
+	/* Analogue software return 1 right channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0101, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
+	/* Analogue software return 2 left channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0104, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	com_buff[1] = 0x00;
+	/* Analogue software return 2 right channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0105, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
+	/* Analogue software return 3 left channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0108, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue software return 3 right channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0109, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue software return 4 left channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x010c, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue software return 4 right channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x010d, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+
+	/* Return to muting sends */
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
+	/* Analogue fx return left channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0120, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue fx return right channel: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0121, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+
+	/* Analogue software input 1 fx send: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0100, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue software input 2 fx send: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0101, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue software input 3 fx send: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0102, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue software input 4 fx send: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0103, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue input 1 fx send: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0104, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue input 2 fx send: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0105, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue input 3 fx send: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0106, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* Analogue input 4 fx send: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0107, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
+
+	/* Toggle allowing host control */
+	/* Not needed
+	com_buff[0] = 0x02;
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			3, 0x21, 0x0000, 0x2001, &com_buff, 1);
+	 */
+
+	/* Do not dim fx returns */
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			3, 0x21, 0x0002, 0x2001, &com_buff, 1);
+
+	/* Do not set fx returns to mono */
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			3, 0x21, 0x0001, 0x2001, &com_buff, 1);
+
+	/* Mute the S/PDIF hardware loopback
+	 * same odd volume logic here as above
+	 */
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
+	/* S/PDIF hardware input 1 left channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0112, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* S/PDIF hardware input 1 right channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0113, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* S/PDIF hardware input 2 left channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0116, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* S/PDIF hardware input 2 right channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0117, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* S/PDIF hardware input 3 left channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x011a, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* S/PDIF hardware input 3 right channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x011b, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* S/PDIF hardware input 4 left channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x011e, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* S/PDIF hardware input 4 right channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x011f, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* S/PDIF software return 1 left channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0102, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* S/PDIF software return 1 right channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0103, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* S/PDIF software return 2 left channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0106, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* S/PDIF software return 2 right channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0107, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	com_buff[1] = 0x00;
+	/* S/PDIF software return 3 left channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x010a, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
+	/* S/PDIF software return 3 right channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x010b, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* S/PDIF software return 4 left channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x010e, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	com_buff[1] = 0x00;
+	/* S/PDIF software return 4 right channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x010f, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
+	/* S/PDIF fx returns left channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0122, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+	/* S/PDIF fx returns right channel */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0123, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
+
+	/* Set the dropdown "Effect" to the first option */
+	/* Room1  = 0x00 */
+	/* Room2  = 0x01 */
+	/* Room3  = 0x02 */
+	/* Hall 1 = 0x03 */
+	/* Hall 2 = 0x04 */
+	/* Plate  = 0x05 */
+	/* Delay  = 0x06 */
+	/* Echo   = 0x07 */
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0200, 0x4301, &com_buff, 1);	/* max is 0xff */
+	/* min is 0x00 */
+
+
+	/* Set the effect duration to 0 */
+	/* max is 0xffff */
+	/* min is 0x0000 */
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	com_buff[1] = 0x00;
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0400, 0x4301, &com_buff, 2);
+
+	/* Set the effect volume and feedback to 0 */
+	/* max is 0xff */
+	/* min is 0x00 */
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	/* feedback: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0500, 0x4301, &com_buff, 1);
+	/* volume: */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			1, 0x21, 0x0300, 0x4301, &com_buff, 1);
+
+	/* Set soft button hold duration */
+	/* 0x03 = 250ms */
+	/* 0x05 = 500ms DEFAULT */
+	/* 0x08 = 750ms */
+	/* 0x0a = 1sec */
+	com_buff[0] = 0x05;
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			3, 0x21, 0x0005, 0x2001, &com_buff, 1);
+
+	/* Use dim LEDs for button of state */
+	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			3, 0x21, 0x0004, 0x2001, &com_buff, 1);
+}
+
+#define MBOX3_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE	464
+
+static int snd_usb_mbox3_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	struct usb_host_config *config = dev->actconfig;
+	int err;
+	int descriptor_size;
+
+	descriptor_size = le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength);
+
+	if (descriptor_size != MBOX3_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE) {
+		dev_err(&dev->dev, "MBOX3: Invalid descriptor size=%d.\n", descriptor_size);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "MBOX3: device initialised!\n");
+
+	struct usb_device_descriptor *new_device_descriptor __free(kfree) =
+		kmalloc_obj(*new_device_descriptor);
+	if (!new_device_descriptor)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	err = usb_get_descriptor(dev, USB_DT_DEVICE, 0,
+		new_device_descriptor, sizeof(*new_device_descriptor));
+	if (err < 0)
+		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "MBOX3: error usb_get_descriptor: %d\n", err);
+	if (new_device_descriptor->bNumConfigurations > dev->descriptor.bNumConfigurations)
+		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "MBOX3: error too large bNumConfigurations: %d\n",
+			new_device_descriptor->bNumConfigurations);
+	else
+		memcpy(&dev->descriptor, new_device_descriptor, sizeof(dev->descriptor));
+
+	err = usb_reset_configuration(dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "MBOX3: error usb_reset_configuration: %d\n", err);
+
+	dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "MBOX3: new boot length = %d\n",
+		le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength));
+
+	mbox3_setup_defaults(dev);
+	dev_info(&dev->dev, "MBOX3: Initialized.");
+
+	return 0; /* Successful boot */
+}
+
+#define MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE 128
+
+static int snd_usb_motu_microbookii_communicate(struct usb_device *dev, u8 *buf,
+						int buf_size, int *length)
+{
+	int err, actual_length;
+
+	if (usb_pipe_type_check(dev, usb_sndintpipe(dev, 0x01)))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	err = usb_interrupt_msg(dev, usb_sndintpipe(dev, 0x01), buf, *length,
+				&actual_length, 1000);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	print_hex_dump(KERN_DEBUG, "MicroBookII snd: ", DUMP_PREFIX_NONE, 16, 1,
+		       buf, actual_length, false);
+
+	memset(buf, 0, buf_size);
+
+	if (usb_pipe_type_check(dev, usb_rcvintpipe(dev, 0x82)))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	err = usb_interrupt_msg(dev, usb_rcvintpipe(dev, 0x82), buf, buf_size,
+				&actual_length, 1000);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	print_hex_dump(KERN_DEBUG, "MicroBookII rcv: ", DUMP_PREFIX_NONE, 16, 1,
+		       buf, actual_length, false);
+
+	*length = actual_length;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_usb_motu_microbookii_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	int err, actual_length, poll_attempts = 0;
+	static const u8 set_samplerate_seq[] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+						 0x00, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x14,
+						 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01 };
+	static const u8 poll_ready_seq[] = { 0x00, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00,
+					     0x00, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x18 };
+	u8 *buf = kzalloc(MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
+
+	if (!buf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	dev_info(&dev->dev, "Waiting for MOTU Microbook II to boot up...\n");
+
+	/* First we tell the device which sample rate to use. */
+	memcpy(buf, set_samplerate_seq, sizeof(set_samplerate_seq));
+	actual_length = sizeof(set_samplerate_seq);
+	err = snd_usb_motu_microbookii_communicate(dev, buf, MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE,
+						   &actual_length);
+
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(&dev->dev,
+			"failed setting the sample rate for Motu MicroBook II: %d\n",
+			err);
+		goto free_buf;
+	}
+
+	/* Then we poll every 100 ms until the device informs of its readiness. */
+	while (true) {
+		if (++poll_attempts > 100) {
+			dev_err(&dev->dev,
+				"failed booting Motu MicroBook II: timeout\n");
+			err = -ENODEV;
+			goto free_buf;
+		}
+
+		memset(buf, 0, MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE);
+		memcpy(buf, poll_ready_seq, sizeof(poll_ready_seq));
+
+		actual_length = sizeof(poll_ready_seq);
+		err = snd_usb_motu_microbookii_communicate(
+			dev, buf, MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE, &actual_length);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			dev_err(&dev->dev,
+				"failed booting Motu MicroBook II: communication error %d\n",
+				err);
+			goto free_buf;
+		}
+
+		/* the device signals its readiness through a message of the
+		 * form
+		 *           XX 06 00 00 00 00 0b 18  00 00 00 01
+		 * If the device is not yet ready to accept audio data, the
+		 * last byte of that sequence is 00.
+		 */
+		if (actual_length == 12 && buf[actual_length - 1] == 1)
+			break;
+
+		msleep(100);
+	}
+
+	dev_info(&dev->dev, "MOTU MicroBook II ready\n");
+
+free_buf:
+	kfree(buf);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int snd_usb_motu_m_series_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	msleep(4000);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_usb_rme_digiface_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
+{
+	/* Disable mixer, internal clock, all outputs ADAT, 48kHz, TMS off */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			16, 0x40, 0x2410, 0x7fff, NULL, 0);
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+			18, 0x40, 0x0104, 0xffff, NULL, 0);
+
+	/* Disable loopback for all inputs */
+	for (int ch = 0; ch < 32; ch++)
+		snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+				22, 0x40, 0x400, ch, NULL, 0);
+
+	/* Unity gain for all outputs */
+	for (int ch = 0; ch < 34; ch++)
+		snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
+				21, 0x40, 0x9000, 0x100 + ch, NULL, 0);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Setup quirks
+ */
+#define MAUDIO_SET		0x01 /* parse device_setup */
+#define MAUDIO_SET_COMPATIBLE	0x80 /* use only "win-compatible" interfaces */
+#define MAUDIO_SET_DTS		0x02 /* enable DTS Digital Output */
+#define MAUDIO_SET_96K		0x04 /* 48-96kHz rate if set, 8-48kHz otherwise */
+#define MAUDIO_SET_24B		0x08 /* 24bits sample if set, 16bits otherwise */
+#define MAUDIO_SET_DI		0x10 /* enable Digital Input */
+#define MAUDIO_SET_MASK		0x1f /* bit mask for setup value */
+#define MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_DI	 0x19 /* 24bits+48kHz+Digital Input */
+#define MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_NOTDI 0x09 /* 24bits+48kHz+No Digital Input */
+#define MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_DI	 0x11 /* 16bits+48kHz+Digital Input */
+#define MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_NOTDI 0x01 /* 16bits+48kHz+No Digital Input */
+
+static int quattro_skip_setting_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				      int iface, int altno)
+{
+	/* Reset ALL ifaces to 0 altsetting.
+	 * Call it for every possible altsetting of every interface.
+	 */
+	usb_set_interface(chip->dev, iface, 0);
+	if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET) {
+		if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_COMPATIBLE) {
+			if (iface != 1 && iface != 2)
+				return 1; /* skip all interfaces but 1 and 2 */
+		} else {
+			unsigned int mask;
+			if (iface == 1 || iface == 2)
+				return 1; /* skip interfaces 1 and 2 */
+			if ((chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_96K) && altno != 1)
+				return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
+			mask = chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_MASK;
+			if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_DI && altno != 2)
+				return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
+			if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_NOTDI && altno != 3)
+				return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
+			if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_NOTDI && altno != 4)
+				return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
+		}
+	}
+	usb_audio_dbg(chip,
+		    "using altsetting %d for interface %d config %d\n",
+		    altno, iface, chip->setup);
+	return 0; /* keep this altsetting */
+}
+
+static int audiophile_skip_setting_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+					 int iface,
+					 int altno)
+{
+	/* Reset ALL ifaces to 0 altsetting.
+	 * Call it for every possible altsetting of every interface.
+	 */
+	usb_set_interface(chip->dev, iface, 0);
+
+	if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET) {
+		unsigned int mask;
+		if ((chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_DTS) && altno != 6)
+			return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
+		if ((chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_96K) && altno != 1)
+			return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
+		mask = chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_MASK;
+		if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_DI && altno != 2)
+			return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
+		if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_NOTDI && altno != 3)
+			return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
+		if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_DI && altno != 4)
+			return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
+		if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_NOTDI && altno != 5)
+			return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
+	}
+
+	return 0; /* keep this altsetting */
+}
+
+static int fasttrackpro_skip_setting_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+					   int iface, int altno)
+{
+	/* Reset ALL ifaces to 0 altsetting.
+	 * Call it for every possible altsetting of every interface.
+	 */
+	usb_set_interface(chip->dev, iface, 0);
+
+	/* possible configuration where both inputs and only one output is
+	 *used is not supported by the current setup
+	 */
+	if (chip->setup & (MAUDIO_SET | MAUDIO_SET_24B)) {
+		if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_96K) {
+			if (altno != 3 && altno != 6)
+				return 1;
+		} else if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_DI) {
+			if (iface == 4)
+				return 1; /* no analog input */
+			if (altno != 2 && altno != 5)
+				return 1; /* enable only altsets 2 and 5 */
+		} else {
+			if (iface == 5)
+				return 1; /* disable digialt input */
+			if (altno != 2 && altno != 5)
+				return 1; /* enalbe only altsets 2 and 5 */
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* keep only 16-Bit mode */
+		if (altno != 1)
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	usb_audio_dbg(chip,
+		    "using altsetting %d for interface %d config %d\n",
+		    altno, iface, chip->setup);
+	return 0; /* keep this altsetting */
+}
+
+static int s1810c_skip_setting_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+					   int iface, int altno)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Altno settings:
+	 *
+	 * Playback (Interface 1):
+	 * 1: 6 Analog + 2 S/PDIF
+	 * 2: 6 Analog + 2 S/PDIF
+	 * 3: 6 Analog
+	 *
+	 * Capture (Interface 2):
+	 * 1: 8 Analog + 2 S/PDIF + 8 ADAT
+	 * 2: 8 Analog + 2 S/PDIF + 4 ADAT
+	 * 3: 8 Analog
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * I'll leave 2 as the default one and
+	 * use device_setup to switch to the
+	 * other two.
+	 */
+	if ((chip->setup == 0 || chip->setup > 2) && altno != 2)
+		return 1;
+	else if (chip->setup == 1 && altno != 1)
+		return 1;
+	else if (chip->setup == 2 && altno != 3)
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_usb_apply_interface_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				  int iface,
+				  int altno)
+{
+	/* audiophile usb: skip altsets incompatible with device_setup */
+	if (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2003))
+		return audiophile_skip_setting_quirk(chip, iface, altno);
+	/* quattro usb: skip altsets incompatible with device_setup */
+	if (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2001))
+		return quattro_skip_setting_quirk(chip, iface, altno);
+	/* fasttrackpro usb: skip altsets incompatible with device_setup */
+	if (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2012))
+		return fasttrackpro_skip_setting_quirk(chip, iface, altno);
+	/* presonus studio 1810c: skip altsets incompatible with device_setup */
+	if (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x194f, 0x010c))
+		return s1810c_skip_setting_quirk(chip, iface, altno);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_usb_apply_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev,
+			     struct usb_interface *intf,
+			     const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk,
+			     unsigned int id)
+{
+	switch (id) {
+	case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3000):
+		/* SB Extigy needs special boot-up sequence */
+		/* if more models come, this will go to the quirk list. */
+		return snd_usb_extigy_boot_quirk(dev, intf);
+
+	case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3020):
+		/* SB Audigy 2 NX needs its own boot-up magic, too */
+		return snd_usb_audigy2nx_boot_quirk(dev);
+
+	case USB_ID(0x10f5, 0x0200):
+		/* C-Media CM106 / Turtle Beach Audio Advantage Roadie */
+		return snd_usb_cm106_boot_quirk(dev);
+
+	case USB_ID(0x0d8c, 0x0102):
+		/* C-Media CM6206 / CM106-Like Sound Device */
+	case USB_ID(0x0ccd, 0x00b1): /* Terratec Aureon 7.1 USB */
+		return snd_usb_cm6206_boot_quirk(dev);
+
+	case USB_ID(0x0dba, 0x3000):
+		/* Digidesign Mbox 2 */
+		return snd_usb_mbox2_boot_quirk(dev);
+	case USB_ID(0x0dba, 0x5000):
+		/* Digidesign Mbox 3 */
+		return snd_usb_mbox3_boot_quirk(dev);
+
+
+	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x0010): /* Focusrite Novation Saffire 6 USB */
+	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x0018): /* Focusrite Novation Twitch */
+		return snd_usb_novation_boot_quirk(dev);
+
+	case USB_ID(0x133e, 0x0815):
+		/* Access Music VirusTI Desktop */
+		return snd_usb_accessmusic_boot_quirk(dev);
+
+	case USB_ID(0x17cc, 0x1000): /* Komplete Audio 6 */
+	case USB_ID(0x17cc, 0x1010): /* Traktor Audio 6 */
+	case USB_ID(0x17cc, 0x1020): /* Traktor Audio 10 */
+		return snd_usb_nativeinstruments_boot_quirk(dev);
+	case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2012):  /* M-Audio Fast Track Pro USB */
+		return snd_usb_fasttrackpro_boot_quirk(dev);
+	case USB_ID(0x047f, 0xc010): /* Plantronics Gamecom 780 */
+		return snd_usb_gamecon780_boot_quirk(dev);
+	case USB_ID(0x2466, 0x8010): /* Fractal Audio Axe-Fx 3 */
+		return snd_usb_axefx3_boot_quirk(dev);
+	case USB_ID(0x07fd, 0x0004): /* MOTU MicroBook II */
+		/*
+		 * For some reason interface 3 with vendor-spec class is
+		 * detected on MicroBook IIc.
+		 */
+		if (get_iface_desc(intf->altsetting)->bInterfaceClass ==
+		    USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC &&
+		    get_iface_desc(intf->altsetting)->bInterfaceNumber < 3)
+			return snd_usb_motu_microbookii_boot_quirk(dev);
+		break;
+	case USB_ID(0x2a39, 0x3f8c): /* RME Digiface USB */
+	case USB_ID(0x2a39, 0x3fa0): /* RME Digiface USB (alternate) */
+		return snd_usb_rme_digiface_boot_quirk(dev);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_usb_apply_boot_quirk_once(struct usb_device *dev,
+				  struct usb_interface *intf,
+				  const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk,
+				  unsigned int id)
+{
+	switch (id) {
+	case USB_ID(0x07fd, 0x0008): /* MOTU M Series, 1st hardware version */
+		return snd_usb_motu_m_series_boot_quirk(dev);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * check if the device uses big-endian samples
+ */
+int snd_usb_is_big_endian_format(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+				 const struct audioformat *fp)
+{
+	/* it depends on altsetting whether the device is big-endian or not */
+	switch (chip->usb_id) {
+	case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2001): /* M-Audio Quattro: captured data only */
+		if (fp->altsetting == 2 || fp->altsetting == 3 ||
+			fp->altsetting == 5 || fp->altsetting == 6)
+			return 1;
+		break;
+	case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2003): /* M-Audio Audiophile USB */
+		if (chip->setup == 0x00 ||
+			fp->altsetting == 1 || fp->altsetting == 2 ||
+			fp->altsetting == 3)
+			return 1;
+		break;
+	case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2012): /* M-Audio Fast Track Pro */
+		if (fp->altsetting == 2 || fp->altsetting == 3 ||
+			fp->altsetting == 5 || fp->altsetting == 6)
+			return 1;
+		break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * For E-Mu 0404USB/0202USB/TrackerPre/0204 sample rate should be set for device,
+ * not for interface.
+ */
+
+enum {
+	EMU_QUIRK_SR_44100HZ = 0,
+	EMU_QUIRK_SR_48000HZ,
+	EMU_QUIRK_SR_88200HZ,
+	EMU_QUIRK_SR_96000HZ,
+	EMU_QUIRK_SR_176400HZ,
+	EMU_QUIRK_SR_192000HZ
+};
+
+static void set_format_emu_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
+				 const struct audioformat *fmt)
+{
+	unsigned char emu_samplerate_id = 0;
+
+	/* When capture is active
+	 * sample rate shouldn't be changed
+	 * by playback substream
+	 */
+	if (subs->direction == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
+		if (subs->stream->substream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].cur_audiofmt)
+			return;
+	}
+
+	switch (fmt->rate_min) {
+	case 48000:
+		emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_48000HZ;
+		break;
+	case 88200:
+		emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_88200HZ;
+		break;
+	case 96000:
+		emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_96000HZ;
+		break;
+	case 176400:
+		emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_176400HZ;
+		break;
+	case 192000:
+		emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_192000HZ;
+		break;
+	default:
+		emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_44100HZ;
+		break;
+	}
+	snd_emuusb_set_samplerate(subs->stream->chip, emu_samplerate_id);
+	subs->pkt_offset_adj = (emu_samplerate_id >= EMU_QUIRK_SR_176400HZ) ? 4 : 0;
+}
+
+static int pioneer_djm_set_format_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
+					u16 windex)
+{
+	unsigned int cur_rate = subs->data_endpoint->cur_rate;
+	u8 sr[3];
+	// Convert to little endian
+	sr[0] = cur_rate & 0xff;
+	sr[1] = (cur_rate >> 8) & 0xff;
+	sr[2] = (cur_rate >> 16) & 0xff;
+	usb_set_interface(subs->dev, 0, 1);
+	// we should derive windex from fmt-sync_ep but it's not set
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(subs->stream->chip->dev,
+		usb_sndctrlpipe(subs->stream->chip->dev, 0),
+		0x01, 0x22, 0x0100, windex, &sr, 0x0003);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void mbox3_set_format_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
+				const struct audioformat *fmt)
+{
+	__le32 buff4 = 0;
+	u8 buff1 = 0x01;
+	u32 new_rate = subs->data_endpoint->cur_rate;
+	u32 current_rate;
+
+	// Get current rate from card and check if changing it is needed
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(subs->dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(subs->dev, 0),
+					0x01, 0x21 | USB_DIR_IN, 0x0100, 0x8101, &buff4, 4);
+	current_rate = le32_to_cpu(buff4);
+	dev_dbg(&subs->dev->dev,
+			 "MBOX3: Current configured sample rate: %d", current_rate);
+	if (current_rate == new_rate) {
+		dev_dbg(&subs->dev->dev,
+			"MBOX3: No change needed (current rate:%d == new rate:%d)",
+			current_rate, new_rate);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	// Set new rate
+	dev_info(&subs->dev->dev,
+			 "MBOX3: Changing sample rate to: %d", new_rate);
+	buff4 = cpu_to_le32(new_rate);
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(subs->dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(subs->dev, 0),
+					0x01, 0x21, 0x0100, 0x8101, &buff4, 4);
+
+	// Set clock source to Internal
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(subs->dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(subs->dev, 0),
+					0x01, 0x21, 0x0100, 0x8001, &buff1, 1);
+
+	// Check whether the change was successful
+	buff4 = 0;
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(subs->dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(subs->dev, 0),
+					0x01, 0x21 | USB_DIR_IN, 0x0100, 0x8101, &buff4, 4);
+	if (new_rate != le32_to_cpu(buff4))
+		dev_warn(&subs->dev->dev, "MBOX3: Couldn't set the sample rate");
+}
+
+static const int rme_digiface_rate_table[] = {
+	32000, 44100, 48000, 0,
+	64000, 88200, 96000, 0,
+	128000, 176400, 192000, 0,
+};
+
+static int rme_digiface_set_format_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs)
+{
+	unsigned int cur_rate = subs->data_endpoint->cur_rate;
+	u16 val;
+	int speed_mode;
+	int id;
+
+	for (id = 0; id < ARRAY_SIZE(rme_digiface_rate_table); id++) {
+		if (rme_digiface_rate_table[id] == cur_rate)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	if (id >= ARRAY_SIZE(rme_digiface_rate_table))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/* 2, 3, 4 for 1x, 2x, 4x */
+	speed_mode = (id >> 2) + 2;
+	val = (id << 3) | (speed_mode << 12);
+
+	/* Set the sample rate */
+	snd_usb_ctl_msg(subs->stream->chip->dev,
+		usb_sndctrlpipe(subs->stream->chip->dev, 0),
+		16, 0x40, val, 0x7078, NULL, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void snd_usb_set_format_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
+			      const struct audioformat *fmt)
+{
+	switch (subs->stream->chip->usb_id) {
+	case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3f02): /* E-Mu 0202 USB */
+	case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3f04): /* E-Mu 0404 USB */
+	case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3f0a): /* E-Mu Tracker Pre */
+	case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3f19): /* E-Mu 0204 USB */
+		set_format_emu_quirk(subs, fmt);
+		break;
+	case USB_ID(0x534d, 0x0021): /* MacroSilicon MS2100/MS2106 */
+	case USB_ID(0x534d, 0x2109): /* MacroSilicon MS2109 */
+		subs->stream_offset_adj = 2;
+		break;
+	case USB_ID(0x2b73, 0x000a): /* Pioneer DJM-900NXS2 */
+	case USB_ID(0x2b73, 0x0013): /* Pioneer DJM-450 */
+	case USB_ID(0x2b73, 0x0034): /* Pioneer DJM-V10 */
+		pioneer_djm_set_format_quirk(subs, 0x0082);
+		break;
+	case USB_ID(0x08e4, 0x017f): /* Pioneer DJM-750 */
+	case USB_ID(0x08e4, 0x0163): /* Pioneer DJM-850 */
+		pioneer_djm_set_format_quirk(subs, 0x0086);
+		break;
+	case USB_ID(0x0dba, 0x5000):
+		mbox3_set_format_quirk(subs, fmt); /* Digidesign Mbox 3 */
+		break;
+	case USB_ID(0x2a39, 0x3f8c): /* RME Digiface USB */
+	case USB_ID(0x2a39, 0x3fa0): /* RME Digiface USB (alternate) */
+		rme_digiface_set_format_quirk(subs);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+int snd_usb_select_mode_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+			      const struct audioformat *fmt)
+{
+	struct usb_device *dev = chip->dev;
+	int err;
+
+	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC) {
+		/* First switch to alt set 0, otherwise the mode switch cmd
+		 * will not be accepted by the DAC
+		 */
+		err = usb_set_interface(dev, fmt->iface, 0);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+
+		msleep(20); /* Delay needed after setting the interface */
+
+		/* Vendor mode switch cmd is required. */
+		if (fmt->formats & SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE) {
+			/* DSD mode (DSD_U32) requested */
+			err = snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), 0,
+					      USB_DIR_OUT|USB_TYPE_VENDOR|USB_RECIP_INTERFACE,
+					      1, 1, NULL, 0);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+
+		} else {
+			/* PCM or DOP mode (S32) requested */
+			/* PCM mode (S16) requested */
+			err = snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), 0,
+					      USB_DIR_OUT|USB_TYPE_VENDOR|USB_RECIP_INTERFACE,
+					      0, 1, NULL, 0);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+
+		}
+		msleep(20);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void snd_usb_endpoint_start_quirk(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
+{
+	/*
+	 * "Playback Design" products send bogus feedback data at the start
+	 * of the stream. Ignore them.
+	 */
+	if (USB_ID_VENDOR(ep->chip->usb_id) == 0x23ba &&
+	    ep->type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC)
+		ep->skip_packets = 4;
+
+	/*
+	 * M-Audio Fast Track C400/C600 - when packets are not skipped, real
+	 * world latency varies by approx. +/- 50 frames (at 96kHz) each time
+	 * the stream is (re)started. When skipping packets 16 at endpoint
+	 * start up, the real world latency is stable within +/- 1 frame (also
+	 * across power cycles).
+	 */
+	if ((ep->chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2030) ||
+	     ep->chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2031)) &&
+	    ep->type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA)
+		ep->skip_packets = 16;
+
+	/* Work around devices that report unreasonable feedback data */
+	if ((ep->chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0644, 0x8038) ||  /* TEAC UD-H01 */
+	     ep->chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x1852, 0x5034)) && /* T+A Dac8 */
+	    ep->syncmaxsize == 4)
+		ep->tenor_fb_quirk = 1;
+}
+
+/* quirk applied after snd_usb_ctl_msg(); not applied during boot quirks */
+void snd_usb_ctl_msg_quirk(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int pipe,
+			   __u8 request, __u8 requesttype, __u16 value,
+			   __u16 index, void *data, __u16 size)
+{
+	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = dev_get_drvdata(&dev->dev);
+
+	if (!chip || (requesttype & USB_TYPE_MASK) != USB_TYPE_CLASS)
+		return;
+
+	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY)
+		msleep(20);
+	else if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M)
+		usleep_range(1000, 2000);
+	else if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_5M)
+		usleep_range(5000, 6000);
+}
+
+/*
+ * snd_usb_interface_dsd_format_quirks() is called from format.c to
+ * augment the PCM format bit-field for DSD types. The UAC standards
+ * don't have a designated bit field to denote DSD-capable interfaces,
+ * hence all hardware that is known to support this format has to be
+ * listed here.
+ */
+u64 snd_usb_interface_dsd_format_quirks(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+					struct audioformat *fp,
+					unsigned int sample_bytes)
+{
+	struct usb_interface *iface;
+
+	/* Playback Designs */
+	if (USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id) == 0x23ba &&
+	    USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id) < 0x0110) {
+		switch (fp->altsetting) {
+		case 1:
+			fp->dsd_dop = true;
+			return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U16_LE;
+		case 2:
+			fp->dsd_bitrev = true;
+			return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U8;
+		case 3:
+			fp->dsd_bitrev = true;
+			return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U16_LE;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* XMOS based USB DACs */
+	switch (chip->usb_id) {
+	case USB_ID(0x139f, 0x5504): /* Nagra DAC */
+	case USB_ID(0x20b1, 0x3089): /* Mola-Mola DAC */
+	case USB_ID(0x2522, 0x0007): /* LH Labs Geek Out 1V5 */
+	case USB_ID(0x2522, 0x0009): /* LH Labs Geek Pulse X Inifinity 2V0 */
+	case USB_ID(0x2522, 0x0012): /* LH Labs VI DAC Infinity */
+	case USB_ID(0x2772, 0x0230): /* Pro-Ject Pre Box S2 Digital */
+		if (fp->altsetting == 2)
+			return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
+		break;
+
+	case USB_ID(0x0d8c, 0x0316): /* Hegel HD12 DSD */
+	case USB_ID(0x10cb, 0x0103): /* The Bit Opus #3; with fp->dsd_raw */
+	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x06b2): /* NuPrime DAC-10 */
+	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x06b4): /* NuPrime Audio HD-AVP/AVA */
+	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x0733): /* Furutech ADL Stratos */
+	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x09d8): /* NuPrime IDA-8 */
+	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x09db): /* NuPrime Audio DAC-9 */
+	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x09dd): /* Encore mDSD */
+	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x0ab1): /* PureAudio APA DAC */
+	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0xeca1): /* PureAudio Lotus DAC5, DAC5 SE, DAC5 Pro */
+	case USB_ID(0x1db5, 0x0003): /* Bryston BDA3 */
+	case USB_ID(0x20a0, 0x4143): /* WaveIO USB Audio 2.0 */
+	case USB_ID(0x22e1, 0xca01): /* HDTA Serenade DSD */
+	case USB_ID(0x249c, 0x9326): /* M2Tech Young MkIII */
+	case USB_ID(0x2616, 0x0106): /* PS Audio NuWave DAC */
+	case USB_ID(0x2622, 0x0041): /* Audiolab M-DAC+ */
+	case USB_ID(0x2622, 0x0061): /* LEAK Stereo 230 */
+	case USB_ID(0x278b, 0x5100): /* Rotel RC-1590 */
+	case USB_ID(0x27f7, 0x3002): /* W4S DAC-2v2SE */
+	case USB_ID(0x29a2, 0x0086): /* Mutec MC3+ USB */
+	case USB_ID(0x6b42, 0x0042): /* MSB Technology */
+		if (fp->altsetting == 3)
+			return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
+		break;
+
+	/* Amanero Combo384 USB based DACs with native DSD support */
+	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x071a):  /* Amanero - Combo384 */
+		if (fp->altsetting == 2) {
+			switch (le16_to_cpu(chip->dev->descriptor.bcdDevice)) {
+			case 0x199:
+				return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_LE;
+			case 0x19b:
+			case 0x203:
+				return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
+			default:
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		break;
+	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x0a23):
+		if (fp->altsetting == 2)
+			return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	/* ITF-USB DSD based DACs */
+	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC) {
+		iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(chip->dev, fp->iface);
+
+		/* Altsetting 2 support native DSD if the num of altsets is
+		 * three (0-2),
+		 * Altsetting 3 support native DSD if the num of altsets is
+		 * four (0-3).
+		 */
+		if (fp->altsetting == iface->num_altsetting - 1)
+			return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
+	}
+
+	/* Mostly generic method to detect many DSD-capable implementations */
+	if ((chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW) && fp->dsd_raw)
+		return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void snd_usb_audioformat_attributes_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+					  struct audioformat *fp,
+					  int stream)
+{
+	switch (chip->usb_id) {
+	case USB_ID(0x0a92, 0x0053): /* AudioTrak Optoplay */
+		/* Optoplay sets the sample rate attribute although
+		 * it seems not supporting it in fact.
+		 */
+		fp->attributes &= ~UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_SAMPLE_RATE;
+		break;
+	case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3020): /* Creative SB Audigy 2 NX */
+	case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2003): /* M-Audio Audiophile USB */
+		/* doesn't set the sample rate attribute, but supports it */
+		fp->attributes |= UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_SAMPLE_RATE;
+		break;
+	case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2001):  /* M-Audio Quattro USB */
+	case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2012):  /* M-Audio Fast Track Pro USB */
+	case USB_ID(0x047f, 0x0ca1): /* plantronics headset */
+	case USB_ID(0x077d, 0x07af): /* Griffin iMic (note that there is
+					an older model 77d:223) */
+	/*
+	 * plantronics headset and Griffin iMic have set adaptive-in
+	 * although it's really not...
+	 */
+		fp->ep_attr &= ~USB_ENDPOINT_SYNCTYPE;
+		if (stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
+			fp->ep_attr |= USB_ENDPOINT_SYNC_ADAPTIVE;
+		else
+			fp->ep_attr |= USB_ENDPOINT_SYNC_SYNC;
+		break;
+	case USB_ID(0x07fd, 0x0004):  /* MOTU MicroBook IIc */
+		/*
+		 * MaxPacketsOnly attribute is erroneously set in endpoint
+		 * descriptors. As a result this card produces noise with
+		 * all sample rates other than 96 kHz.
+		 */
+		fp->attributes &= ~UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_FILL_MAX;
+		break;
+	case USB_ID(0x1224, 0x2a25):  /* Jieli Technology USB PHY 2.0 */
+		/* mic works only when ep packet size is set to wMaxPacketSize */
+		fp->attributes |= UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_FILL_MAX;
+		break;
+	case USB_ID(0x3511, 0x2b1e): /* Opencomm2 UC USB Bluetooth dongle */
+		/* mic works only when ep pitch control is not set */
+		if (stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE)
+			fp->attributes &= ~UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_PITCH_CONTROL;
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * driver behavior quirk flags
+ */
+struct usb_string_match {
+	const char *manufacturer;
+	const char *product;
+};
+
+struct usb_audio_quirk_flags_table {
+	u32 id;
+	u64 flags;
+	const struct usb_string_match *usb_string_match;
+};
+
+#define DEVICE_FLG(vid, pid, _flags) \
+	{ .id = USB_ID(vid, pid), .flags = (_flags) }
+#define VENDOR_FLG(vid, _flags) DEVICE_FLG(vid, 0, _flags)
+
+/*
+ * Use as a last resort if using DEVICE_FLG() is prone to VID/PID conflicts.
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ *   // match vid, pid, "manufacturer", and "product"
+ *   DEVICE_STRING_FLG(vid, pid, "manufacturer", "product", flags)
+ *
+ *   // match vid, pid, "manufacturer", and any product string
+ *   DEVICE_STRING_FLG(vid, pid, "manufacturer", NULL,      flags)
+ *
+ *   // match vid, pid, "manufacturer", and device must have no product string
+ *   DEVICE_STRING_FLG(vid, pid, "manufacturer", "",        flags)
+ *
+ *   // match vid, pid, any manufacturer string, and "product"
+ *   DEVICE_STRING_FLG(vid, pid, NULL,           "product", flags)
+ *
+ *   // match vid, pid, no manufacturer string, and "product"
+ *   DEVICE_STRING_FLG(vid, pid, "",             "product", flags)
+ *
+ *   // match vid, pid, no manufacturer string, and no product string
+ *   DEVICE_STRING_FLG(vid, pid, "",             "",        flags)
+ */
+#define DEVICE_STRING_FLG(vid, pid, _manufacturer, _product, _flags)	\
+{									\
+	.id = USB_ID(vid, pid),						\
+	.usb_string_match = &(const struct usb_string_match) {		\
+		.manufacturer = _manufacturer,				\
+		.product = _product,					\
+	},								\
+	.flags = (_flags),						\
+}
+
+/*
+ * Use as a last resort if using VENDOR_FLG() is prone to VID conflicts.
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ *   // match vid, and "manufacturer"
+ *   VENDOR_STRING_FLG(vid, "manufacturer", flags)
+ *
+ *   // match vid, and device must have no manufacturer string
+ *   VENDOR_STRING_FLG(vid, "",             flags)
+ */
+#define VENDOR_STRING_FLG(vid, _manufacturer, _flags)			\
+	DEVICE_STRING_FLG(vid, 0, _manufacturer, NULL, _flags)
+
+static const struct usb_audio_quirk_flags_table quirk_flags_table[] = {
+	/* Device and string descriptor matches */
+	DEVICE_STRING_FLG(0x05ac, 0x110b, /* VID conflicts with Apple */
+			  "JKY Technology", NULL, /* Q2A */
+			  QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
+
+	/* Device matches */
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x001f, 0x0b21, /* AB13X USB Audio */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x001f, 0x0b23, /* AB17X USB Audio */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0020, 0x0b21, /* GHW-123P */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0124, 0x0c21, /* Generic USB Headphone */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x03f0, 0x654a, /* HP 320 FHD Webcam */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_16),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x041e, 0x3000, /* Creative SB Extigy */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x041e, 0x324d, /* Creative Sound Blaster Play! 3 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x041e, 0x4080, /* Creative Live Cam VF0610 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x045e, 0x083c, /* MS USB Link headset */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x045e, 0x070f, /* MS LifeChat LX-3000 Headset */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0807, /* Logitech Webcam C500 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0808, /* Logitech Webcam C600 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0809,
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0819, /* Logitech Webcam C210 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x081b, /* HD Webcam c310 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x081d, /* HD Webcam c510 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0825, /* HD Webcam c270 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0826, /* HD Webcam c525 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x084c, /* Logitech ConferenceCam Connect */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x08ca, /* Logitech Quickcam Fusion */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0991, /* Logitech QuickCam Pro */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x09a2, /* QuickCam Communicate Deluxe/S7500 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x09a4, /* Logitech QuickCam E 3500 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0a8f, /* Logitech H390 headset */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0aba, /* Logitech PRO X Wireless */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_GET_CUR_OK |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0499, 0x1506, /* Yamaha THR5 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0499, 0x1509, /* Steinberg UR22 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0499, 0x3108, /* Yamaha YIT-W12TX */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x04d8, 0xfeea, /* Benchmark DAC1 Pre */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x04e8, 0xa051, /* Samsung USBC Headset (AKG) */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SKIP_CLOCK_SELECTOR | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_5M),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0525, 0xa4ad, /* Hamedal C20 usb camero */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_SKIP_CLOSE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x054c, 0x0b8c, /* Sony WALKMAN NW-A45 DAC */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SET_IFACE_FIRST),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0556, 0x0014, /* Phoenix Audio TMX320VC */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0572, 0x1b08, /* Conexant Systems (Rockwell), Inc. */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0572, 0x1b09, /* Conexant Systems (Rockwell), Inc. */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x05a3, 0x9420, /* ELP HD USB Camera */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x05a7, 0x1020, /* Bose Companion 5 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x05e1, 0x0408, /* Syntek STK1160 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x05e1, 0x0480, /* Hauppauge Woodbury */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x05fc, 0x0231, /* JBL Pebbles */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_LINEAR_VOL | QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_CAPTURE_LINEAR_VOL |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0624, 0x3d3f, /* AB13X USB Audio */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x8043, /* TEAC UD-501/UD-501V2/UD-503/NT-503 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x8044, /* Esoteric D-05X */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY | QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x804a, /* TEAC UD-301 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x805f, /* TEAC Model 12 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x806b, /* TEAC UD-701 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY | QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x807d, /* TEAC UD-507 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY | QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x806c, /* Esoteric XD */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY | QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0661, 0x0883, /* iBasso DC04 Ultra */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0666, 0x0880, /* SPACETOUCH USB Audio */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_5M),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x06f8, 0xb000, /* Hercules DJ Console (Windows Edition) */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x06f8, 0xd002, /* Hercules DJ Console (Macintosh Edition) */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0711, 0x5800, /* MCT Trigger 5 USB-to-HDMI */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x074d, 0x3553, /* Outlaw RR2150 (Micronas UAC3553B) */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0763, 0x2030, /* M-Audio Fast Track C400 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0763, 0x2031, /* M-Audio Fast Track C600 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0763, 0x2080, /* M-Audio Fast Track Ultra */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0763, 0x2081, /* M-Audio Fast Track Ultra */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0763, 0x2084, /* M-Audio Venom */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x07fd, 0x000b, /* MOTU M Series 2nd hardware revision */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x08bb, 0x2702, /* LineX FM Transmitter */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0951, 0x16ad, /* Kingston HyperX */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0a73, 0x003a, /* Mackie DLZ Creator XS */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ALWAYS_SET_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0b05, 0x18a6, /* ASUSTek Computer, Inc. */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_CAPTURE_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0b0e, 0x0349, /* Jabra 550a */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0bda, 0x498a, /* Realtek Semiconductor Corp. */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_CAPTURE_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0c45, 0x6340, /* Sonix HD USB Camera */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0c45, 0x636b, /* Microdia JP001 USB Camera */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0d8c, 0x000c, /* C-Media */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0d8c, 0x0012, /* C-Media */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0d8c, 0x0014, /* C-Media */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0d8c, 0x0102, /* C-Media CM6206 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0e0b, 0xfa01, /* Feaulle Rainbow */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0ecb, 0x205c, /* JBL Quantum610 Wireless */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FIXED_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0ecb, 0x2125, /* JBL Quantum650 Wireless */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FIXED_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0ecb, 0x2069, /* JBL Quantum810 Wireless */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FIXED_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x0fd9, 0x0008, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1038, 0x1294, /* SteelSeries Arctis Pro Wireless */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1101, 0x0003, /* Audioengine D1 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x12d1, 0x3a07, /* HUAWEI USB-C HEADSET */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_CAPTURE_MIN_MUTE |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1224, 0x2a25, /* Jieli Technology USB PHY 2.0 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_16),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1395, 0x740a, /* Sennheiser DECT */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1397, 0x0507, /* Behringer UMC202HD */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_PLAYBACK_FIRST | QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1397, 0x0508, /* Behringer UMC204HD */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_PLAYBACK_FIRST | QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1397, 0x0509, /* Behringer UMC404HD */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_PLAYBACK_FIRST | QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1397, 0x050c, /* Behringer Flow 8 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFB_SILENCE_ON_EMPTY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x13e5, 0x0001, /* Serato Phono */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x152a, 0x85dd, /* SMSL USB DAC */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW | QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SKIP_IFACE_SETUP),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x152a, 0x880a, /* NeuralDSP Quad Cortex */
+		   0), /* Doesn't have the vendor quirk which would otherwise apply */
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1532, 0x055e, /* Razer Nommo V2 X */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x1002, /* Denon DCD-1500RE */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x1003, /* Denon DA-300USB */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x3005, /* Marantz HD-DAC1 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x3006, /* Marantz SA-14S1 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x300b, /* Marantz SA-KI RUBY / SA-12 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x500e, /* Denon DN-X1600 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CLOCK_SOURCE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1686, 0x00dd, /* Zoom R16/24 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_TX_LENGTH | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x16d0, 0x0ab1, /* PureAudio APA DAC */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x16d0, 0xeca1, /* PureAudio Lotus DAC5, DAC5 SE and DAC5 Pro */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x17aa, 0x1046, /* Lenovo ThinkStation P620 Rear Line-in, Line-out and Microphone */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x17aa, 0x104d, /* Lenovo ThinkStation P620 Internal Speaker + Front Headset */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x17ef, 0x3083, /* Lenovo TBT3 dock */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1852, 0x5062, /* Luxman D-08u */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1852, 0x5065, /* Luxman DA-06 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1901, 0x0191, /* GE B850V3 CP2114 audio interface */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x19f7, 0x0003, /* RODE NT-USB */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x19f7, 0x0035, /* RODE NT-USB+ */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1bcf, 0x2281, /* HD Webcam */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_16),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1bcf, 0x2283, /* NexiGo N930AF FHD Webcam */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_16),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1e0b, 0xd01e, /* Generic USB Audio Device */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_PLAYBACK_URB_FIXUP),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1ff7, 0x0f81, /* SC13A Webcam */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7200, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7201, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q-MXL */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7210, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7211, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q-MXL */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7213, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7217, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x721b, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x721e, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x721f, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7240, /* Hauppauge HVR-850 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7260, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7270, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7280, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7281, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q-MXL */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x20b1, 0x2009, /* XMOS Ltd DIYINHK USB Audio 2.0 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SKIP_IMPLICIT_FB | QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x8200, /* Hauppauge Woodbury */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x21b4, 0x0081, /* AudioQuest DragonFly */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x21b4, 0x0230, /* Ayre QB-9 Twenty */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x21b4, 0x0232, /* Ayre QX-5 Twenty */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2522, 0x0007, /* LH Labs Geek Out HD Audio 1V5 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SET_IFACE_FIRST),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x25aa, 0x600b, /* TAE1159 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x262a, 0x9302, /* ddHiFi TC44C */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2708, 0x0002, /* Audient iD14 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2772, 0x0502, /* Musical Fidelity M6s DAC */
+		   0), /* for avoiding QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW with vendor match */
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2912, 0x30c8, /* Audioengine D1 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2a70, 0x1881, /* OnePlus Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. BE02T */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_CAPTURE_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2b53, 0x0023, /* Fiero SC-01 (firmware v1.0.0 @ 48 kHz) */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2b53, 0x0024, /* Fiero SC-01 (firmware v1.0.0 @ 96 kHz) */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2b53, 0x0031, /* Fiero SC-01 (firmware v1.1.0) */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2b73, 0x0047, /* AlphaTheta EUPHONIA */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_PLAYBACK_FIRST | QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2d95, 0x8011, /* VIVO USB-C HEADSET */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2d95, 0x8021, /* VIVO USB-C-XE710 HEADSET */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2d99, 0x0026, /* HECATE G2 GAMING HEADSET */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2fc6, 0xf06b, /* MOONDROP Moonriver2 Ti */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2fc6, 0xf0b5, /* iBasso DC-Elite */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x2fc6, 0xf0b7, /* iBasso DC07 Pro */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x30be, 0x0101, /* Schiit Hel */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x3255, 0x0000, /* Luxman D-10X */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x3302, 0x17c2, /* TTGK Technology USB-C Audio */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x339b, 0x3a07, /* Synaptics HONOR USB-C HEADSET */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x3443, 0x930d, /* NexiGo N930W 60fps Webcam */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_16),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x36f9, 0xc009, /* XIBERIA K03S */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x3c20, 0x3d21, /* AB13X USB Audio */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x413c, 0xa506, /* Dell AE515 sound bar */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x534d, 0x0021, /* MacroSilicon MS2100/MS2106 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x534d, 0x2109, /* MacroSilicon MS2109 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x84ef, 0x002a, /* Valeton GP-200 */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x84ef, 0x0082, /* Hotone Audio Pulze Mini */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_LINEAR_VOL | QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_CAPTURE_LINEAR_VOL),
+
+	/* Vendor and string descriptor matches */
+	VENDOR_STRING_FLG(0x1235, /* Conflict with Focusrite Novation */
+			  "MV-SILICON",
+			  0), /* Stop matching */
+
+	/* Vendor matches */
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x045e, /* MS Lifecam */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x046d, /* Logitech */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x047f, /* Plantronics */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x0644, /* TEAC Corp. */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x07fd, /* MOTU */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_VALIDATE_RATES),
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1235, 0x8006, 0), /* Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 1st Gen */
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1235, 0x800a, 0), /* Focusrite Scarlett 2i4 1st Gen */
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1235, 0x800c, 0), /* Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 1st Gen */
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1235, 0x8016, 0), /* Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 1st Gen */
+	DEVICE_FLG(0x1235, 0x801c, 0), /* Focusrite Scarlett Solo 1st Gen */
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x1235, /* Focusrite Novation */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SKIP_CLOCK_SELECTOR |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_SKIP_IFACE_SETUP),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x1511, /* AURALiC */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x152a, /* Thesycon devices */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x18d1, /* iBasso devices */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x1de7, /* Phoenix Audio */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x20b1, /* XMOS based devices */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x21ed, /* Accuphase Laboratory */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x22d9, /* Oppo */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x23ba, /* Playback Design */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY |
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x25ce, /* Mytek devices */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x2622, /* IAG Limited devices */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x2772, /* Musical Fidelity devices */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x278b, /* Rotel? */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x292b, /* Gustard/Ess based devices */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x2972, /* FiiO devices */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x2ab6, /* T+A devices */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x2afd, /* McIntosh Laboratory, Inc. */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x2d87, /* Cayin device */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x2fc6, /* Comture-inc devices */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x3336, /* HEM devices */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x3353, /* Khadas devices */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x35f4, /* MSB Technology */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0x3842, /* EVGA */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+	VENDOR_FLG(0xc502, /* HiBy devices */
+		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
+
+	{} /* terminator */
+};
+
+#define QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(x) \
+	[QUIRK_TYPE_ ## x] = __stringify(x)
+
+static const char *const snd_usb_audio_quirk_flag_names[] = {
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(ALIGN_TRANSFER),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(TX_LENGTH),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(PLAYBACK_FIRST),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(SKIP_CLOCK_SELECTOR),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(IGNORE_CLOCK_SOURCE),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(ITF_USB_DSD_DAC),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(CTL_MSG_DELAY),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(CTL_MSG_DELAY_5M),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(IFACE_DELAY),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(VALIDATE_RATES),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(DSD_RAW),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(SET_IFACE_FIRST),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(SKIP_IMPLICIT_FB),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(IFACE_SKIP_CLOSE),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(FORCE_IFACE_RESET),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(FIXED_RATE),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(MIC_RES_16),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(MIC_RES_384),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(MIXER_CAPTURE_MIN_MUTE),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(SKIP_IFACE_SETUP),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(MIXER_PLAYBACK_LINEAR_VOL),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(MIXER_CAPTURE_LINEAR_VOL),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(IFB_SILENCE_ON_EMPTY),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(MIXER_GET_CUR_OK),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(PLAYBACK_URB_FIXUP),
+	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(ALWAYS_SET_RATE),
+	NULL
+};
+
+static u64 snd_usb_quirk_flags_from_name(const char *name)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!name || !*name)
+		return 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; snd_usb_audio_quirk_flag_names[i]; i++) {
+		if (strcasecmp(name, snd_usb_audio_quirk_flag_names[i]) == 0)
+			return BIT_U64(i);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void snd_usb_apply_flag_dbg(const char *reason,
+			    struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+			    unsigned long flag)
+{
+	unsigned long bit;
+
+	for_each_set_bit(bit, &flag, BYTES_TO_BITS(sizeof(flag))) {
+		const char *name = snd_usb_audio_quirk_flag_names[bit];
+
+		if (name)
+			usb_audio_dbg(chip,
+				      "From %s apply quirk flag %s for device %04x:%04x\n",
+				      reason, name, USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id),
+				      USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id));
+		else
+			usb_audio_warn(chip,
+				       "From %s apply unknown quirk flag 0x%lx for device %04x:%04x\n",
+				       reason, bit, USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id),
+				       USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id));
+	}
+}
+
+void snd_usb_init_quirk_flags_table(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
+{
+	const struct usb_audio_quirk_flags_table *p;
+
+	for (p = quirk_flags_table; p->id; p++) {
+		if (chip->usb_id == p->id ||
+		    (!USB_ID_PRODUCT(p->id) &&
+		     USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id) == USB_ID_VENDOR(p->id))) {
+			/* Handle DEVICE_STRING_FLG/VENDOR_STRING_FLG. */
+			if (p->usb_string_match && p->usb_string_match->manufacturer &&
+			    strcmp(p->usb_string_match->manufacturer,
+				   chip->dev->manufacturer ? chip->dev->manufacturer : ""))
+				continue;
+			if (p->usb_string_match && p->usb_string_match->product &&
+			    strcmp(p->usb_string_match->product,
+				   chip->dev->product ? chip->dev->product : ""))
+				continue;
+
+			snd_usb_apply_flag_dbg("builtin table", chip, p->flags);
+			chip->quirk_flags |= p->flags;
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void snd_usb_init_quirk_flags_parse_string(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
+					   const char *str)
+{
+	u16 chip_vid = USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id);
+	u16 chip_pid = USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id);
+	u64 mask_flags, unmask_flags, bit;
+	char *p, *field, *flag;
+	bool is_unmask;
+	u16 vid, pid;
+
+	char *val __free(kfree) = kstrdup(str, GFP_KERNEL);
+
+	if (!val)
+		return;
+
+	for (p = val; p && *p;) {
+		/* Each entry consists of VID:PID:flags */
+		field = strsep(&p, ":");
+		if (!field)
+			break;
+
+		if (strcmp(field, "*") == 0)
+			vid = 0;
+		else if (kstrtou16(field, 16, &vid))
+			break;
+
+		field = strsep(&p, ":");
+		if (!field)
+			break;
+
+		if (strcmp(field, "*") == 0)
+			pid = 0;
+		else if (kstrtou16(field, 16, &pid))
+			break;
+
+		field = strsep(&p, ";");
+		if (!field || !*field)
+			break;
+
+		if ((vid != 0 && vid != chip_vid) ||
+		    (pid != 0 && pid != chip_pid))
+			continue;
+
+		/* Collect the flags */
+		mask_flags = 0;
+		unmask_flags = 0;
+		while (field && *field) {
+			flag = strsep(&field, "|");
+
+			if (!flag)
+				break;
+
+			if (*flag == '!') {
+				is_unmask = true;
+				flag++;
+			} else {
+				is_unmask = false;
+			}
+
+			if (!kstrtou64(flag, 16, &bit)) {
+				if (is_unmask)
+					unmask_flags |= bit;
+				else
+					mask_flags |= bit;
+
+				break;
+			}
+
+			bit = snd_usb_quirk_flags_from_name(flag);
+
+			if (bit) {
+				if (is_unmask)
+					unmask_flags |= bit;
+				else
+					mask_flags |= bit;
+			} else {
+				pr_warn("snd_usb_audio: unknown flag %s while parsing param quirk_flags\n",
+					flag);
+			}
+		}
+
+		chip->quirk_flags &= ~unmask_flags;
+		chip->quirk_flags |= mask_flags;
+		snd_usb_apply_flag_dbg("module param", chip,
+				       chip->quirk_flags);
+	}
+}