KVM: SEV: Do cache maintenance on the source VM during intra-host migrationgrafted

Manually perform cache maintenance on the source VM during intra-host
migration to ensure no stale data is left in CPU caches after the VM is
destroyed.  Because the source VM is "converted" to a non-SEV VM, KVM's
memory reclaim flows won't trigger cache maintenance, e.g. when all guest
memory is reclaimed in response to detaching from the mmu_notifier.

Note, relying on the destination VM to do cache maintenance isn't an option
as KVM doesn't require identical guest memory configurations, i.e. the
source VM may have access to memory that the destination VM does not.
Enforcing equivalent memory configurations is infeasible, as it would
require a *deep* comparison of memslots, e.g. to verify that not only are
the memslot identical, but what the memslots point at is also identical.

Fixes: b56639318bb2 ("KVM: SEV: Add support for SEV intra host migration")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Stefan Teodorescu <fane@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Message-ID: <20260923163721.1584779-3-seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>

84 files changed, 39117 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/sound/isa/Kconfig b/sound/isa/Kconfig
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f8159179e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/Kconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,473 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+# ALSA ISA drivers
+
+config SND_WSS_LIB
+	tristate
+	select SND_PCM
+	select SND_TIMER
+
+config SND_SB_COMMON
+	tristate
+
+config SND_SB8_DSP
+	tristate
+	select SND_PCM
+	select SND_SB_COMMON
+
+config SND_SB16_DSP
+	tristate
+	select SND_PCM
+	select SND_SB_COMMON
+
+menuconfig SND_ISA
+	bool "ISA sound devices"
+	depends on ISA || COMPILE_TEST
+	depends on ISA_DMA_API
+	depends on HAS_IOPORT
+	default y
+	help
+	  Support for sound devices connected via the ISA bus.
+
+if SND_ISA
+
+config SND_ADLIB
+	tristate "AdLib FM card"
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for AdLib FM cards.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-adlib.
+
+config SND_AD1816A
+	tristate "Analog Devices SoundPort AD1816A"
+	depends on PNP
+	select ISAPNP
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_PCM
+	select SND_TIMER
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for Analog Devices SoundPort
+	  AD1816A or compatible sound chips.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-ad1816a.
+
+config SND_AD1848
+	tristate "Generic AD1848/CS4248 driver"
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for AD1848 (Analog Devices) or
+	  CS4248 (Cirrus Logic - Crystal Semiconductors) chips.
+	  
+	  For newer chips from Cirrus Logic, use the CS4231 or CS4232+
+	  drivers.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-ad1848.
+
+config SND_ALS100
+	tristate "Diamond Tech. DT-019x and Avance Logic ALSxxx"
+	depends on PNP
+	select ISAPNP
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_SB16_DSP
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for soundcards based on the
+	  Diamond Technologies DT-019X or Avance Logic chips: ALS007,
+	  ALS100, ALS110, ALS120 and ALS200 chips.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-als100.
+
+config SND_AZT1605
+	tristate "Aztech AZT1605 Driver"
+	depends on SND
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for Aztech Sound Galaxy cards
+	  based on the AZT1605 chipset.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-azt1605.
+
+config SND_AZT2316
+	tristate "Aztech AZT2316 Driver"
+	depends on SND
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for Aztech Sound Galaxy cards
+	  based on the AZT2316 chipset.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-azt2316.
+
+config SND_AZT2320
+	tristate "Aztech Systems AZT2320"
+	depends on PNP
+	select ISAPNP
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for soundcards based on the
+	  Aztech Systems AZT2320 chip.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-azt2320.
+
+config SND_CMI8328
+	tristate "C-Media CMI8328"
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for soundcards based on the
+	  C-Media CMI8328 chip.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-cmi8328.
+
+config SND_CMI8330
+	tristate "C-Media CMI8330"
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	select SND_SB16_DSP
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for soundcards based on the
+	  C-Media CMI8330 chip.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-cmi8330.
+
+config SND_CS4231
+	tristate "Generic Cirrus Logic CS4231 driver"
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for CS4231 chips from Cirrus
+	  Logic - Crystal Semiconductors.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-cs4231.
+
+config SND_CS4236
+	tristate "Generic Cirrus Logic CS4232/CS4236+ driver"
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y to include support for CS4232,CS4235,CS4236,CS4237B,
+	  CS4238B,CS4239 chips from Cirrus Logic - Crystal
+	  Semiconductors.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-cs4236.
+
+config SND_ES1688
+	tristate "Generic ESS ES688/ES1688 and ES968 PnP driver"
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_PCM
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for ESS AudioDrive ES688 or
+	  ES1688 chips. Also, this module support cards with ES968 PnP chip.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-es1688.
+
+config SND_ES18XX
+	tristate "Generic ESS ES18xx driver"
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_PCM
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for ESS AudioDrive ES18xx chips.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-es18xx.
+
+config SND_SC6000
+	tristate "Gallant SC-6000/6600/7000 and Audio Excel DSP 16"
+	depends on HAS_IOPORT_MAP
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for Gallant SC-6000, SC-6600, SC-7000
+	  cards and clones:
+	  Audio Excel DSP 16 and Zoltrix AV302.
+
+	  These cards are based on CompuMedia ASC-9308 or ASC-9408 chips.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-sc6000.
+
+config SND_GUSCLASSIC
+	tristate "Gravis UltraSound Classic"
+	select SND_RAWMIDI
+	select SND_PCM
+	select SND_TIMER
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for Gravis UltraSound Classic
+	  soundcards.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-gusclassic.
+
+config SND_GUSEXTREME
+	tristate "Gravis UltraSound Extreme"
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_PCM
+	select SND_TIMER
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for Gravis UltraSound Extreme
+	  soundcards.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-gusextreme.
+
+config SND_GUSMAX
+	tristate "Gravis UltraSound MAX"
+	select SND_RAWMIDI
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for Gravis UltraSound MAX
+	  soundcards.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-gusmax.
+
+config SND_INTERWAVE
+	tristate "AMD InterWave, Gravis UltraSound PnP"
+	depends on PNP
+	select SND_RAWMIDI
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for AMD InterWave based
+	  soundcards (Gravis UltraSound Plug & Play, STB SoundRage32,
+	  MED3210, Dynasonic Pro, Panasonic PCA761AW).
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-interwave.
+
+config SND_INTERWAVE_STB
+	tristate "AMD InterWave + TEA6330T (UltraSound 32-Pro)"
+	depends on PNP
+	select SND_RAWMIDI
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for AMD InterWave based
+	  soundcards with a TEA6330T bass and treble regulator
+	  (UltraSound 32-Pro).
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-interwave-stb.
+
+config SND_JAZZ16
+	tristate "Media Vision Jazz16 card and compatibles"
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_SB8_DSP
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for soundcards based on the
+	  Media Vision Jazz16 chipset: digital chip MVD1216 (Jazz16),
+	  codec MVA416 (CS4216) and mixer MVA514 (ICS2514).
+	  Media Vision's Jazz16 cards were sold under names Pro Sonic 16,
+	  Premium 3-D and Pro 3-D. There were also OEMs cards with the
+	  Jazz16 chipset.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-jazz16.
+
+config SND_OPL3SA2
+	tristate "Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3"
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for Yamaha OPL3-SA2 and OPL3-SA3
+	  chips.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-opl3sa2.
+
+config SND_OPTI92X_AD1848
+	tristate "OPTi 82C92x - AD1848"
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_OPL4_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for soundcards based on Opti
+	  82C92x or OTI-601 chips and using an AD1848 codec.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-opti92x-ad1848.
+
+config SND_OPTI92X_CS4231
+	tristate "OPTi 82C92x - CS4231"
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_OPL4_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for soundcards based on Opti
+	  82C92x chips and using a CS4231 codec.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-opti92x-cs4231.
+
+config SND_OPTI93X
+	tristate "OPTi 82C93x"
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for soundcards based on Opti
+	  82C93x chips.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-opti93x.
+
+config SND_MIRO
+	tristate "Miro miroSOUND PCM1pro/PCM12/PCM20radio driver"
+	select SND_OPL4_LIB
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_PCM
+	help
+	  Say 'Y' or 'M' to include support for Miro miroSOUND PCM1 pro, 
+	  miroSOUND PCM12 and miroSOUND PCM20 Radio soundcards.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-miro.
+
+config SND_SB8
+	tristate "Sound Blaster 1.0/2.0/Pro (8-bit)"
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_RAWMIDI
+	select SND_SB8_DSP
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for Creative Sound Blaster 1.0/
+	  2.0/Pro (8-bit) or 100% compatible soundcards.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-sb8.
+
+config SND_SB16
+	tristate "Sound Blaster 16 (PnP)"
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_SB16_DSP
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for Sound Blaster 16 soundcards
+	  (including the Plug and Play version).
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-sb16.
+
+config SND_SBAWE
+	tristate "Sound Blaster AWE (32,64) (PnP)"
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_SB16_DSP
+	select SND_SEQ_DEVICE if SND_SEQUENCER != n
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for Sound Blaster AWE soundcards
+	  (including the Plug and Play version).
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-sbawe.
+
+# select SEQ stuff to min(SND_SEQUENCER,SND_XXX)
+config SND_SBAWE_SEQ
+	def_tristate SND_SEQUENCER && SND_SBAWE
+	select SND_SEQ_MIDI_EMUL
+	select SND_SEQ_VIRMIDI
+	select SND_SYNTH_EMUX
+
+config SND_SB16_CSP
+	bool "Sound Blaster 16/AWE CSP support"
+	depends on (SND_SB16 || SND_SBAWE) && (BROKEN || !PPC)
+	select FW_LOADER
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for the CSP core.  This special
+	  coprocessor can do variable tasks like various compression and
+	  decompression algorithms.
+
+config SND_SSCAPE
+	tristate "Ensoniq SoundScape driver"
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	select FW_LOADER
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for Ensoniq SoundScape 
+	  and Ensoniq OEM soundcards.
+
+	  The PCM audio is supported on SoundScape Classic, Elite, PnP
+	  and VIVO cards. The supported OEM cards are SPEA Media FX and
+	  Reveal SC-600.
+	  The MIDI support is very experimental and requires binary
+	  firmware files called "scope.cod" and "sndscape.co?" where the
+	  ? is digit 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. The firmware files can be found
+	  in DOS or Windows driver packages. One has to put the firmware
+	  files into the /lib/firmware directory.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-sscape.
+
+config SND_WAVEFRONT
+	tristate "Turtle Beach Maui,Tropez,Tropez+ (Wavefront)"
+	select FW_LOADER
+	select SND_OPL3_LIB
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_WSS_LIB
+	help
+	  Say Y here to include support for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez
+	  and Tropez+ soundcards based on the Wavefront chip.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-wavefront.
+
+config SND_MSND_PINNACLE
+	tristate "Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji driver"
+	depends on X86
+	select FW_LOADER
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_PCM
+	help
+	  Say Y to include support for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/
+	  Fiji soundcards.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-msnd-pinnacle.
+
+config SND_MSND_CLASSIC
+	tristate "Support for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti, Monterey"
+	depends on X86
+	select FW_LOADER
+	select SND_MPU401_UART
+	select SND_PCM
+	help
+	  Say M here if you have a Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or
+	  Monterey (not for the Pinnacle or Fiji).
+
+	  See <file:Documentation/sound/cards/multisound.sh> for important information
+	  about this driver.  Note that it has been discontinued, but the
+	  Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
+	  at <http://www.turtlebeach.com/site/kb_ftp/790.asp>.
+
+	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the module
+	  will be called snd-msnd-classic.
+
+endif	# SND_ISA
+
diff --git a/sound/isa/Makefile b/sound/isa/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2135d68a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#
+# Makefile for ALSA
+# Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+#
+
+snd-adlib-y := adlib.o
+snd-als100-y := als100.o
+snd-azt2320-y := azt2320.o
+snd-cmi8328-y := cmi8328.o
+snd-cmi8330-y := cmi8330.o
+snd-es18xx-y := es18xx.o
+snd-opl3sa2-y := opl3sa2.o
+snd-sc6000-y := sc6000.o
+snd-sscape-y := sscape.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_ADLIB) += snd-adlib.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_ALS100) += snd-als100.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_AZT2320) += snd-azt2320.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_CMI8328) += snd-cmi8328.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_CMI8330) += snd-cmi8330.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_ES18XX) += snd-es18xx.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_OPL3SA2) += snd-opl3sa2.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SC6000) += snd-sc6000.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SSCAPE) += snd-sscape.o
+
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND) += ad1816a/ ad1848/ cs423x/ es1688/ galaxy/ gus/ msnd/ opti9xx/ \
+		     sb/ wavefront/ wss/
diff --git a/sound/isa/ad1816a/Makefile b/sound/isa/ad1816a/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..573325228
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/ad1816a/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+#
+# Makefile for ALSA
+# Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+#
+
+snd-ad1816a-y := ad1816a.o ad1816a_lib.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_AD1816A) += snd-ad1816a.o
diff --git a/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a.c b/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8e84d4091
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a.c
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+/*
+    card-ad1816a.c - driver for ADI SoundPort AD1816A based soundcards.
+    Copyright (C) 2000 by Massimo Piccioni <dafastidio@libero.it>
+
+*/
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/pnp.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/ad1816a.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Massimo Piccioni <dafastidio@libero.it>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("AD1816A, AD1815");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 1-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_ISAPNP;	/* Enable this card */
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static long fm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* Pnp setup */
+static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* Pnp setup */
+static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* PnP setup */
+static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* PnP setup */
+static int clockfreq[SNDRV_CARDS];
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for ad1816a based soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for ad1816a based soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable ad1816a based soundcard.");
+module_param_array(clockfreq, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(clockfreq, "Clock frequency for ad1816a driver (default = 0).");
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id snd_ad1816a_pnpids[] = {
+	/* Analog Devices AD1815 */
+	{ .id = "ADS7150", .devs = { { .id = "ADS7150" }, { .id = "ADS7151" } } },
+	/* Analog Devices AD1816? */
+	{ .id = "ADS7180", .devs = { { .id = "ADS7180" }, { .id = "ADS7181" } } },
+	/* Analog Devices AD1816A - added by Kenneth Platz <kxp@atl.hp.com> */
+	{ .id = "ADS7181", .devs = { { .id = "ADS7180" }, { .id = "ADS7181" } } },
+	/* Analog Devices AD1816A - Aztech/Newcom SC-16 3D */
+	{ .id = "AZT1022", .devs = { { .id = "AZT1018" }, { .id = "AZT2002" } } },
+	/* Highscreen Sound-Boostar 16 3D - added by Stefan Behnel */
+	{ .id = "LWC1061", .devs = { { .id = "ADS7180" }, { .id = "ADS7181" } } },
+	/* Highscreen Sound-Boostar 16 3D */
+	{ .id = "MDK1605", .devs = { { .id = "ADS7180" }, { .id = "ADS7181" } } },
+	/* Shark Predator ISA - added by Ken Arromdee */
+	{ .id = "SMM7180", .devs = { { .id = "ADS7180" }, { .id = "ADS7181" } } },
+	/* Analog Devices AD1816A - Terratec AudioSystem EWS64 S */
+	{ .id = "TER1112", .devs = { { .id = "ADS7180" }, { .id = "ADS7181" } } },
+	/* Analog Devices AD1816A - Terratec AudioSystem EWS64 S */
+	{ .id = "TER1112", .devs = { { .id = "TER1100" }, { .id = "TER1101" } } },
+	/* Analog Devices AD1816A - Terratec Base 64 */
+	{ .id = "TER1411", .devs = { { .id = "ADS7180" }, { .id = "ADS7181" } } },
+	/* end */
+	{ .id = "" }
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_ad1816a_pnpids);
+
+
+#define	DRIVER_NAME	"snd-card-ad1816a"
+
+
+static int snd_card_ad1816a_pnp(int dev, struct pnp_card_link *card,
+				const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
+{
+	struct pnp_dev *pdev;
+	int err;
+
+	pdev = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (pdev == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "AUDIO PnP configure failure\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 2);
+	fm_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1);
+	dma1[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	dma2[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
+	irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+
+	pdev = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[1].id, NULL);
+	if (pdev == NULL) {
+		mpu_port[dev] = -1;
+		pr_warn("MPU401 device busy, skipping.\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "MPU401 PnP configure failure\n");
+		mpu_port[dev] = -1;
+	} else {
+		mpu_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+		mpu_irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_card_ad1816a_probe(int dev, struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				  const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	int error;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+
+	error = snd_devm_card_new(&pcard->card->dev,
+				  index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				  sizeof(struct snd_ad1816a), &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	chip = card->private_data;
+
+	error = snd_card_ad1816a_pnp(dev, pcard, pid);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_ad1816a_create(card, port[dev],
+				   irq[dev],
+				   dma1[dev],
+				   dma2[dev],
+				   chip);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+	if (clockfreq[dev] >= 5000 && clockfreq[dev] <= 100000)
+		chip->clock_freq = clockfreq[dev];
+
+	strscpy(card->driver, "AD1816A");
+	strscpy(card->shortname, "ADI SoundPort AD1816A");
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s, SS at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d&%d",
+		card->shortname, chip->port, irq[dev], dma1[dev], dma2[dev]);
+
+	error = snd_ad1816a_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_ad1816a_mixer(chip);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_ad1816a_timer(chip, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	if (mpu_port[dev] > 0) {
+		if (snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401,
+					mpu_port[dev], 0, mpu_irq[dev],
+					NULL) < 0)
+			dev_err(card->dev, "no MPU-401 device at 0x%lx.\n",
+				mpu_port[dev]);
+	}
+
+	if (fm_port[dev] > 0) {
+		if (snd_opl3_create(card,
+				    fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2,
+				    OPL3_HW_AUTO, 0, &opl3) < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "no OPL device at 0x%lx-0x%lx.\n",
+				fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2);
+		} else {
+			error = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+			if (error < 0)
+				return error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	error = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned int ad1816a_devices;
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *card,
+				  const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	int res;
+
+	for ( ; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (!enable[dev])
+			continue;
+		res = snd_card_ad1816a_probe(dev, card, id);
+		if (res < 0)
+			return res;
+		dev++;
+		ad1816a_devices++;
+		return 0;
+	}
+        return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_ad1816a_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				   pm_message_t state)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard);
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	snd_ad1816a_suspend(card->private_data);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_pnp_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard);
+
+	snd_ad1816a_resume(card->private_data);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver ad1816a_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags		= PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
+	.name		= "ad1816a",
+	.id_table	= snd_ad1816a_pnpids,
+	.probe		= snd_ad1816a_pnp_detect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_ad1816a_pnp_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_ad1816a_pnp_resume,
+#endif
+};
+
+static int __init alsa_card_ad1816a_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&ad1816a_pnpc_driver);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	if (!ad1816a_devices) {
+		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&ad1816a_pnpc_driver);
+#ifdef MODULE
+		pr_err("no AD1816A based soundcards found.\n");
+#endif	/* MODULE */
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_card_ad1816a_exit(void)
+{
+	pnp_unregister_card_driver(&ad1816a_pnpc_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_card_ad1816a_init)
+module_exit(alsa_card_ad1816a_exit)
diff --git a/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c b/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..50f62304d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/ad1816a/ad1816a_lib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,880 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+    ad1816a.c - lowlevel code for Analog Devices AD1816A chip.
+    Copyright (C) 1999-2000 by Massimo Piccioni <dafastidio@libero.it>
+
+*/
+
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/tlv.h>
+#include <sound/ad1816a.h>
+
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+
+static inline int snd_ad1816a_busy_wait(struct snd_ad1816a *chip)
+{
+	int timeout;
+
+	for (timeout = 1000; timeout-- > 0; udelay(10))
+		if (inb(AD1816A_REG(AD1816A_CHIP_STATUS)) & AD1816A_READY)
+			return 0;
+
+	dev_warn(chip->card->dev, "chip busy.\n");
+	return -EBUSY;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned char snd_ad1816a_in(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	snd_ad1816a_busy_wait(chip);
+	return inb(AD1816A_REG(reg));
+}
+
+static inline void snd_ad1816a_out(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, unsigned char reg,
+			    unsigned char value)
+{
+	snd_ad1816a_busy_wait(chip);
+	outb(value, AD1816A_REG(reg));
+}
+
+static inline void snd_ad1816a_out_mask(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, unsigned char reg,
+				 unsigned char mask, unsigned char value)
+{
+	snd_ad1816a_out(chip, reg,
+		(value & mask) | (snd_ad1816a_in(chip, reg) & ~mask));
+}
+
+static unsigned short snd_ad1816a_read(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	snd_ad1816a_out(chip, AD1816A_INDIR_ADDR, reg & 0x3f);
+	return snd_ad1816a_in(chip, AD1816A_INDIR_DATA_LOW) |
+		(snd_ad1816a_in(chip, AD1816A_INDIR_DATA_HIGH) << 8);
+}
+
+static void snd_ad1816a_write(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, unsigned char reg,
+			      unsigned short value)
+{
+	snd_ad1816a_out(chip, AD1816A_INDIR_ADDR, reg & 0x3f);
+	snd_ad1816a_out(chip, AD1816A_INDIR_DATA_LOW, value & 0xff);
+	snd_ad1816a_out(chip, AD1816A_INDIR_DATA_HIGH, (value >> 8) & 0xff);
+}
+
+static void snd_ad1816a_write_mask(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, unsigned char reg,
+				   unsigned short mask, unsigned short value)
+{
+	snd_ad1816a_write(chip, reg,
+		(value & mask) | (snd_ad1816a_read(chip, reg) & ~mask));
+}
+
+
+static unsigned char snd_ad1816a_get_format(struct snd_ad1816a *chip,
+					    snd_pcm_format_t format,
+					    int channels)
+{
+	unsigned char retval = AD1816A_FMT_LINEAR_8;
+
+	switch (format) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_MU_LAW:
+		retval = AD1816A_FMT_ULAW_8;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_A_LAW:
+		retval = AD1816A_FMT_ALAW_8;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE:
+		retval = AD1816A_FMT_LINEAR_16_LIT;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_BE:
+		retval = AD1816A_FMT_LINEAR_16_BIG;
+	}
+	return (channels > 1) ? (retval | AD1816A_FMT_STEREO) : retval;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_open(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, unsigned int mode)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+
+	if (chip->mode & mode)
+		return -EAGAIN;
+
+	switch ((mode &= AD1816A_MODE_OPEN)) {
+	case AD1816A_MODE_PLAYBACK:
+		snd_ad1816a_out_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_STATUS,
+			AD1816A_PLAYBACK_IRQ_PENDING, 0x00);
+		snd_ad1816a_write_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_ENABLE,
+			AD1816A_PLAYBACK_IRQ_ENABLE, 0xffff);
+		break;
+	case AD1816A_MODE_CAPTURE:
+		snd_ad1816a_out_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_STATUS,
+			AD1816A_CAPTURE_IRQ_PENDING, 0x00);
+		snd_ad1816a_write_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_ENABLE,
+			AD1816A_CAPTURE_IRQ_ENABLE, 0xffff);
+		break;
+	case AD1816A_MODE_TIMER:
+		snd_ad1816a_out_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_STATUS,
+			AD1816A_TIMER_IRQ_PENDING, 0x00);
+		snd_ad1816a_write_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_ENABLE,
+			AD1816A_TIMER_IRQ_ENABLE, 0xffff);
+	}
+	chip->mode |= mode;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_ad1816a_close(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, unsigned int mode)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+
+	switch ((mode &= AD1816A_MODE_OPEN)) {
+	case AD1816A_MODE_PLAYBACK:
+		snd_ad1816a_out_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_STATUS,
+			AD1816A_PLAYBACK_IRQ_PENDING, 0x00);
+		snd_ad1816a_write_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_ENABLE,
+			AD1816A_PLAYBACK_IRQ_ENABLE, 0x0000);
+		break;
+	case AD1816A_MODE_CAPTURE:
+		snd_ad1816a_out_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_STATUS,
+			AD1816A_CAPTURE_IRQ_PENDING, 0x00);
+		snd_ad1816a_write_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_ENABLE,
+			AD1816A_CAPTURE_IRQ_ENABLE, 0x0000);
+		break;
+	case AD1816A_MODE_TIMER:
+		snd_ad1816a_out_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_STATUS,
+			AD1816A_TIMER_IRQ_PENDING, 0x00);
+		snd_ad1816a_write_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_ENABLE,
+			AD1816A_TIMER_IRQ_ENABLE, 0x0000);
+	}
+	chip->mode &= ~mode;
+	if (!(chip->mode & AD1816A_MODE_OPEN))
+		chip->mode = 0;
+}
+
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_trigger(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, unsigned char what,
+			       int channel, int cmd, int iscapture)
+{
+	int error = 0;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+		scoped_guard(spinlock, &chip->lock) {
+			cmd = (cmd == SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START) ? 0xff: 0x00;
+			/* if (what & AD1816A_PLAYBACK_ENABLE) */
+			/* That is not valid, because playback and capture enable
+			 * are the same bit pattern, just to different addresses
+			 */
+			if (!iscapture)
+				snd_ad1816a_out_mask(chip, AD1816A_PLAYBACK_CONFIG,
+						     AD1816A_PLAYBACK_ENABLE, cmd);
+			else
+				snd_ad1816a_out_mask(chip, AD1816A_CAPTURE_CONFIG,
+						     AD1816A_CAPTURE_ENABLE, cmd);
+		}
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_warn(chip->card->dev, "invalid trigger mode 0x%x.\n", what);
+		error = -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	return error;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_playback_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	return snd_ad1816a_trigger(chip, AD1816A_PLAYBACK_ENABLE,
+				   SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, cmd, 0);
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_capture_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	return snd_ad1816a_trigger(chip, AD1816A_CAPTURE_ENABLE,
+				   SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, cmd, 1);
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned int size, rate;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+
+	chip->p_dma_size = size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	snd_ad1816a_out_mask(chip, AD1816A_PLAYBACK_CONFIG,
+		AD1816A_PLAYBACK_ENABLE | AD1816A_PLAYBACK_PIO, 0x00);
+
+	snd_dma_program(chip->dma1, runtime->dma_addr, size,
+			DMA_MODE_WRITE | DMA_AUTOINIT);
+
+	rate = runtime->rate;
+	if (chip->clock_freq)
+		rate = (rate * 33000) / chip->clock_freq;
+	snd_ad1816a_write(chip, AD1816A_PLAYBACK_SAMPLE_RATE, rate);
+	snd_ad1816a_out_mask(chip, AD1816A_PLAYBACK_CONFIG,
+		AD1816A_FMT_ALL | AD1816A_FMT_STEREO,
+		snd_ad1816a_get_format(chip, runtime->format,
+			runtime->channels));
+
+	snd_ad1816a_write(chip, AD1816A_PLAYBACK_BASE_COUNT,
+		snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream) / 4 - 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned int size, rate;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+
+	chip->c_dma_size = size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	snd_ad1816a_out_mask(chip, AD1816A_CAPTURE_CONFIG,
+		AD1816A_CAPTURE_ENABLE | AD1816A_CAPTURE_PIO, 0x00);
+
+	snd_dma_program(chip->dma2, runtime->dma_addr, size,
+			DMA_MODE_READ | DMA_AUTOINIT);
+
+	rate = runtime->rate;
+	if (chip->clock_freq)
+		rate = (rate * 33000) / chip->clock_freq;
+	snd_ad1816a_write(chip, AD1816A_CAPTURE_SAMPLE_RATE, rate);
+	snd_ad1816a_out_mask(chip, AD1816A_CAPTURE_CONFIG,
+		AD1816A_FMT_ALL | AD1816A_FMT_STEREO,
+		snd_ad1816a_get_format(chip, runtime->format,
+			runtime->channels));
+
+	snd_ad1816a_write(chip, AD1816A_CAPTURE_BASE_COUNT,
+		snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream) / 4 - 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_ad1816a_playback_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	size_t ptr;
+	if (!(chip->mode & AD1816A_MODE_PLAYBACK))
+		return 0;
+	ptr = snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma1, chip->p_dma_size);
+	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, ptr);
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_ad1816a_capture_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	size_t ptr;
+	if (!(chip->mode & AD1816A_MODE_CAPTURE))
+		return 0;
+	ptr = snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma2, chip->c_dma_size);
+	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, ptr);
+}
+
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_ad1816a_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = dev_id;
+	unsigned char status;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock, &chip->lock) {
+		status = snd_ad1816a_in(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_STATUS);
+	}
+
+	if ((status & AD1816A_PLAYBACK_IRQ_PENDING) && chip->playback_substream)
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->playback_substream);
+
+	if ((status & AD1816A_CAPTURE_IRQ_PENDING) && chip->capture_substream)
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->capture_substream);
+
+	if ((status & AD1816A_TIMER_IRQ_PENDING) && chip->timer)
+		snd_timer_interrupt(chip->timer, chip->timer->sticks);
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock, &chip->lock) {
+		snd_ad1816a_out(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_STATUS, 0x00);
+	}
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_ad1816a_playback = {
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
+	.formats =		(SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_MU_LAW | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_A_LAW |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_BE),
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		55200,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_ad1816a_capture = {
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
+	.formats =		(SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_MU_LAW | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_A_LAW |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_BE),
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		55200,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_timer_close(struct snd_timer *timer)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_timer_chip(timer);
+	snd_ad1816a_close(chip, AD1816A_MODE_TIMER);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_timer_open(struct snd_timer *timer)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_timer_chip(timer);
+	snd_ad1816a_open(chip, AD1816A_MODE_TIMER);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned long snd_ad1816a_timer_resolution(struct snd_timer *timer)
+{
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!timer))
+		return 0;
+
+	return 10000;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_timer_start(struct snd_timer *timer)
+{
+	unsigned short bits;
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_timer_chip(timer);
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+	bits = snd_ad1816a_read(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_ENABLE);
+
+	if (!(bits & AD1816A_TIMER_ENABLE)) {
+		snd_ad1816a_write(chip, AD1816A_TIMER_BASE_COUNT,
+			timer->sticks & 0xffff);
+
+		snd_ad1816a_write_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_ENABLE,
+			AD1816A_TIMER_ENABLE, 0xffff);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_timer_stop(struct snd_timer *timer)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_timer_chip(timer);
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+	snd_ad1816a_write_mask(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_ENABLE,
+		AD1816A_TIMER_ENABLE, 0x0000);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_timer_hardware snd_ad1816a_timer_table = {
+	.flags =	SNDRV_TIMER_HW_AUTO,
+	.resolution =	10000,
+	.ticks =	65535,
+	.open =		snd_ad1816a_timer_open,
+	.close =	snd_ad1816a_timer_close,
+	.c_resolution =	snd_ad1816a_timer_resolution,
+	.start =	snd_ad1816a_timer_start,
+	.stop =		snd_ad1816a_timer_stop,
+};
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int error;
+
+	error = snd_ad1816a_open(chip, AD1816A_MODE_PLAYBACK);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	runtime->hw = snd_ad1816a_playback;
+	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma1, &runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max);
+	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma1, &runtime->hw.period_bytes_max);
+	chip->playback_substream = substream;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int error;
+
+	error = snd_ad1816a_open(chip, AD1816A_MODE_CAPTURE);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	runtime->hw = snd_ad1816a_capture;
+	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma2, &runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max);
+	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma2, &runtime->hw.period_bytes_max);
+	chip->capture_substream = substream;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	chip->playback_substream = NULL;
+	snd_ad1816a_close(chip, AD1816A_MODE_PLAYBACK);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_capture_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	chip->capture_substream = NULL;
+	snd_ad1816a_close(chip, AD1816A_MODE_CAPTURE);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static void snd_ad1816a_init(struct snd_ad1816a *chip)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+
+	snd_ad1816a_out(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_STATUS, 0x00);
+	snd_ad1816a_out_mask(chip, AD1816A_PLAYBACK_CONFIG,
+		AD1816A_PLAYBACK_ENABLE | AD1816A_PLAYBACK_PIO, 0x00);
+	snd_ad1816a_out_mask(chip, AD1816A_CAPTURE_CONFIG,
+		AD1816A_CAPTURE_ENABLE | AD1816A_CAPTURE_PIO, 0x00);
+	snd_ad1816a_write(chip, AD1816A_INTERRUPT_ENABLE, 0x0000);
+	snd_ad1816a_write_mask(chip, AD1816A_CHIP_CONFIG,
+		AD1816A_CAPTURE_NOT_EQUAL | AD1816A_WSS_ENABLE, 0xffff);
+	snd_ad1816a_write(chip, AD1816A_DSP_CONFIG, 0x0000);
+	snd_ad1816a_write(chip, AD1816A_POWERDOWN_CTRL, 0x0000);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+void snd_ad1816a_suspend(struct snd_ad1816a *chip)
+{
+	int reg;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+	for (reg = 0; reg < 48; reg++)
+		chip->image[reg] = snd_ad1816a_read(chip, reg);
+}
+
+void snd_ad1816a_resume(struct snd_ad1816a *chip)
+{
+	int reg;
+
+	snd_ad1816a_init(chip);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+	for (reg = 0; reg < 48; reg++)
+		snd_ad1816a_write(chip, reg, chip->image[reg]);
+}
+#endif
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_probe(struct snd_ad1816a *chip)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+
+	switch (chip->version = snd_ad1816a_read(chip, AD1816A_VERSION_ID)) {
+	case 0:
+		chip->hardware = AD1816A_HW_AD1815;
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		chip->hardware = AD1816A_HW_AD18MAX10;
+		break;
+	case 3:
+		chip->hardware = AD1816A_HW_AD1816A;
+		break;
+	default:
+		chip->hardware = AD1816A_HW_AUTO;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const char *snd_ad1816a_chip_id(struct snd_ad1816a *chip)
+{
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case AD1816A_HW_AD1816A: return "AD1816A";
+	case AD1816A_HW_AD1815:	return "AD1815";
+	case AD1816A_HW_AD18MAX10: return "AD18max10";
+	default:
+		dev_warn(chip->card->dev, "Unknown chip version %d:%d.\n",
+			 chip->version, chip->hardware);
+		return "AD1816A - unknown";
+	}
+}
+
+int snd_ad1816a_create(struct snd_card *card,
+		       unsigned long port, int irq, int dma1, int dma2,
+		       struct snd_ad1816a *chip)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	chip->irq = -1;
+	chip->dma1 = -1;
+	chip->dma2 = -1;
+
+	chip->res_port = devm_request_region(card->dev, port, 16, "AD1816A");
+	if (!chip->res_port) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "ad1816a: can't grab port 0x%lx\n", port);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	if (devm_request_irq(card->dev, irq, snd_ad1816a_interrupt, 0,
+			     "AD1816A", (void *) chip)) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "ad1816a: can't grab IRQ %d\n", irq);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->irq = irq;
+	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
+	if (snd_devm_request_dma(card->dev, dma1, "AD1816A - 1")) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "ad1816a: can't grab DMA1 %d\n", dma1);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->dma1 = dma1;
+	if (snd_devm_request_dma(card->dev, dma2, "AD1816A - 2")) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "ad1816a: can't grab DMA2 %d\n", dma2);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->dma2 = dma2;
+
+	chip->card = card;
+	chip->port = port;
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->lock);
+
+	error = snd_ad1816a_probe(chip);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
+	snd_ad1816a_init(chip);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_ad1816a_playback_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_ad1816a_playback_open,
+	.close =	snd_ad1816a_playback_close,
+	.prepare =	snd_ad1816a_playback_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_ad1816a_playback_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_ad1816a_playback_pointer,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_ad1816a_capture_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_ad1816a_capture_open,
+	.close =	snd_ad1816a_capture_close,
+	.prepare =	snd_ad1816a_capture_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_ad1816a_capture_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_ad1816a_capture_pointer,
+};
+
+int snd_ad1816a_pcm(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, int device)
+{
+	int error;
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+
+	error = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "AD1816A", device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_ad1816a_playback_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_ad1816a_capture_ops);
+
+	pcm->private_data = chip;
+	pcm->info_flags = (chip->dma1 == chip->dma2 ) ? SNDRV_PCM_INFO_JOINT_DUPLEX : 0;
+
+	strscpy(pcm->name, snd_ad1816a_chip_id(chip));
+	snd_ad1816a_init(chip);
+
+	snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, chip->card->dev,
+				       64*1024, chip->dma1 > 3 || chip->dma2 > 3 ? 128*1024 : 64*1024);
+
+	chip->pcm = pcm;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_ad1816a_timer(struct snd_ad1816a *chip, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_timer *timer;
+	struct snd_timer_id tid;
+	int error;
+
+	tid.dev_class = SNDRV_TIMER_CLASS_CARD;
+	tid.dev_sclass = SNDRV_TIMER_SCLASS_NONE;
+	tid.card = chip->card->number;
+	tid.device = device;
+	tid.subdevice = 0;
+	error = snd_timer_new(chip->card, "AD1816A", &tid, &timer);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	strscpy(timer->name, snd_ad1816a_chip_id(chip));
+	timer->private_data = chip;
+	chip->timer = timer;
+	timer->hw = snd_ad1816a_timer_table;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *
+ */
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_info_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[8] = {
+		"Line", "Mix", "CD", "Synth", "Video",
+		"Mic", "Phone",
+	};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 2, 7, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_get_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+	val = snd_ad1816a_read(chip, AD1816A_ADC_SOURCE_SEL);
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = (val >> 12) & 7;
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[1] = (val >> 4) & 7;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_put_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short val;
+	int change;
+	
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > 6 ||
+	    ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[1] > 6)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	val = (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] << 12) |
+	      (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[1] << 4);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+	change = snd_ad1816a_read(chip, AD1816A_ADC_SOURCE_SEL) != val;
+	snd_ad1816a_write(chip, AD1816A_ADC_SOURCE_SEL, val);
+	return change;
+}
+
+#define AD1816A_SINGLE_TLV(xname, reg, shift, mask, invert, xtlv)	\
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
+  .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ, \
+  .name = xname, .info = snd_ad1816a_info_single, \
+  .get = snd_ad1816a_get_single, .put = snd_ad1816a_put_single, \
+  .private_value = reg | (shift << 8) | (mask << 16) | (invert << 24), \
+  .tlv = { .p = (xtlv) } }
+#define AD1816A_SINGLE(xname, reg, shift, mask, invert) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .info = snd_ad1816a_info_single, \
+  .get = snd_ad1816a_get_single, .put = snd_ad1816a_put_single, \
+  .private_value = reg | (shift << 8) | (mask << 16) | (invert << 24) }
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_info_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+
+	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_get_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (snd_ad1816a_read(chip, reg) >> shift) & mask;
+	if (invert)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_put_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int change;
+	unsigned short old_val, val;
+	
+	val = (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask);
+	if (invert)
+		val = mask - val;
+	val <<= shift;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+	old_val = snd_ad1816a_read(chip, reg);
+	val = (old_val & ~(mask << shift)) | val;
+	change = val != old_val;
+	snd_ad1816a_write(chip, reg, val);
+	return change;
+}
+
+#define AD1816A_DOUBLE_TLV(xname, reg, shift_left, shift_right, mask, invert, xtlv) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
+  .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ, \
+  .name = xname, .info = snd_ad1816a_info_double,		\
+  .get = snd_ad1816a_get_double, .put = snd_ad1816a_put_double, \
+  .private_value = reg | (shift_left << 8) | (shift_right << 12) | (mask << 16) | (invert << 24), \
+  .tlv = { .p = (xtlv) } }
+
+#define AD1816A_DOUBLE(xname, reg, shift_left, shift_right, mask, invert) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .info = snd_ad1816a_info_double, \
+  .get = snd_ad1816a_get_double, .put = snd_ad1816a_put_double, \
+  .private_value = reg | (shift_left << 8) | (shift_right << 12) | (mask << 16) | (invert << 24) }
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_info_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+
+	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_get_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0x0f;
+	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 12) & 0x0f;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	unsigned short val;
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+	val = snd_ad1816a_read(chip, reg);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (val >> shift_left) & mask;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = (val >> shift_right) & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[1];
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1816a_put_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_ad1816a *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0x0f;
+	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 12) & 0x0f;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int change;
+	unsigned short old_val, val1, val2;
+	
+	val1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask;
+	val2 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		val1 = mask - val1;
+		val2 = mask - val2;
+	}
+	val1 <<= shift_left;
+	val2 <<= shift_right;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+	old_val = snd_ad1816a_read(chip, reg);
+	val1 = (old_val & ~((mask << shift_left) | (mask << shift_right))) | val1 | val2;
+	change = val1 != old_val;
+	snd_ad1816a_write(chip, reg, val1);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_4bit, -4500, 300, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_5bit, -4650, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_6bit, -9450, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_5bit_12db_max, -3450, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_rec_gain, 0, 150, 0);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ad1816a_controls[] = {
+AD1816A_DOUBLE("Master Playback Switch", AD1816A_MASTER_ATT, 15, 7, 1, 1),
+AD1816A_DOUBLE_TLV("Master Playback Volume", AD1816A_MASTER_ATT, 8, 0, 31, 1,
+		   db_scale_5bit),
+AD1816A_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Switch", AD1816A_VOICE_ATT, 15, 7, 1, 1),
+AD1816A_DOUBLE_TLV("PCM Playback Volume", AD1816A_VOICE_ATT, 8, 0, 63, 1,
+		   db_scale_6bit),
+AD1816A_DOUBLE("Line Playback Switch", AD1816A_LINE_GAIN_ATT, 15, 7, 1, 1),
+AD1816A_DOUBLE_TLV("Line Playback Volume", AD1816A_LINE_GAIN_ATT, 8, 0, 31, 1,
+		   db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+AD1816A_DOUBLE("CD Playback Switch", AD1816A_CD_GAIN_ATT, 15, 7, 1, 1),
+AD1816A_DOUBLE_TLV("CD Playback Volume", AD1816A_CD_GAIN_ATT, 8, 0, 31, 1,
+		   db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+AD1816A_DOUBLE("Synth Playback Switch", AD1816A_SYNTH_GAIN_ATT, 15, 7, 1, 1),
+AD1816A_DOUBLE_TLV("Synth Playback Volume", AD1816A_SYNTH_GAIN_ATT, 8, 0, 31, 1,
+		   db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+AD1816A_DOUBLE("FM Playback Switch", AD1816A_FM_ATT, 15, 7, 1, 1),
+AD1816A_DOUBLE_TLV("FM Playback Volume", AD1816A_FM_ATT, 8, 0, 63, 1,
+		   db_scale_6bit),
+AD1816A_SINGLE("Mic Playback Switch", AD1816A_MIC_GAIN_ATT, 15, 1, 1),
+AD1816A_SINGLE_TLV("Mic Playback Volume", AD1816A_MIC_GAIN_ATT, 8, 31, 1,
+		   db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+AD1816A_SINGLE("Mic Boost", AD1816A_MIC_GAIN_ATT, 14, 1, 0),
+AD1816A_DOUBLE("Video Playback Switch", AD1816A_VID_GAIN_ATT, 15, 7, 1, 1),
+AD1816A_DOUBLE_TLV("Video Playback Volume", AD1816A_VID_GAIN_ATT, 8, 0, 31, 1,
+		   db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+AD1816A_SINGLE("Phone Capture Switch", AD1816A_PHONE_IN_GAIN_ATT, 15, 1, 1),
+AD1816A_SINGLE_TLV("Phone Capture Volume", AD1816A_PHONE_IN_GAIN_ATT, 0, 15, 1,
+		   db_scale_4bit),
+AD1816A_SINGLE("Phone Playback Switch", AD1816A_PHONE_OUT_ATT, 7, 1, 1),
+AD1816A_SINGLE_TLV("Phone Playback Volume", AD1816A_PHONE_OUT_ATT, 0, 31, 1,
+		   db_scale_5bit),
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Capture Source",
+	.info = snd_ad1816a_info_mux,
+	.get = snd_ad1816a_get_mux,
+	.put = snd_ad1816a_put_mux,
+},
+AD1816A_DOUBLE("Capture Switch", AD1816A_ADC_PGA, 15, 7, 1, 1),
+AD1816A_DOUBLE_TLV("Capture Volume", AD1816A_ADC_PGA, 8, 0, 15, 0,
+		   db_scale_rec_gain),
+AD1816A_SINGLE("3D Control - Switch", AD1816A_3D_PHAT_CTRL, 15, 1, 1),
+AD1816A_SINGLE("3D Control - Level", AD1816A_3D_PHAT_CTRL, 0, 15, 0),
+};
+                                        
+int snd_ad1816a_mixer(struct snd_ad1816a *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	unsigned int idx;
+	int err;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip || !chip->card))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	card = chip->card;
+
+	strscpy(card->mixername, snd_ad1816a_chip_id(chip));
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ad1816a_controls); idx++) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ad1816a_controls[idx], chip));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/ad1848/Makefile b/sound/isa/ad1848/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5fdfc1c9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/ad1848/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+#
+# Makefile for ALSA
+# Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+#
+
+snd-ad1848-y := ad1848.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_AD1848) += snd-ad1848.o
+
diff --git a/sound/isa/ad1848/ad1848.c b/sound/isa/ad1848/ad1848.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..401d8df28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/ad1848/ad1848.c
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Generic driver for AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 chips (0.1 Alpha)
+ *  Copyright (c) by Tugrul Galatali <galatalt@stuy.edu>,
+ *                   Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Based on card-4232.c by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+#define CRD_NAME "Generic AD1848/AD1847/CS4248"
+#define DEV_NAME "ad1848"
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION(CRD_NAME);
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Tugrul Galatali <galatalt@stuy.edu>, Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;	/* Enable this card */
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5,7,9,11,12,15 */
+static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0,1,3,5,6,7 */
+static bool thinkpad[SNDRV_CARDS];			/* Thinkpad special case */
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma1, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "DMA1 # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_array(thinkpad, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(thinkpad, "Enable only for the onboard CS4248 of IBM Thinkpad 360/750/755 series.");
+
+static int snd_ad1848_match(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	if (!enable[n])
+		return 0;
+
+	if (port[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(dev, "please specify port\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (irq[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		dev_err(dev, "please specify irq\n");
+		return 0;	
+	}
+	if (dma1[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dev_err(dev, "please specify dma1\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1848_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+	int error;
+
+	error = snd_devm_card_new(dev, index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0, &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_wss_create(card, port[n], -1, irq[n], dma1[n], -1,
+			thinkpad[n] ? WSS_HW_THINKPAD : WSS_HW_DETECT,
+			0, &chip);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	card->private_data = chip;
+
+	error = snd_wss_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_wss_mixer(chip);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	strscpy(card->driver, "AD1848", sizeof(card->driver));
+	strscpy(card->shortname, chip->pcm->name, sizeof(card->shortname));
+
+	if (!thinkpad[n])
+		scnprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
+			  "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d",
+			  chip->pcm->name, chip->port, irq[n], dma1[n]);
+	else
+		scnprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
+			  "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d [Thinkpad]",
+			  chip->pcm->name, chip->port, irq[n], dma1[n]);
+
+	error = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(dev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_ad1848_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct snd_wss *chip = card->private_data;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	chip->suspend(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ad1848_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct snd_wss *chip = card->private_data;
+
+	chip->resume(chip);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_ad1848_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_ad1848_match,
+	.probe		= snd_ad1848_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_ad1848_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_ad1848_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	}
+};
+
+module_isa_driver(snd_ad1848_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
diff --git a/sound/isa/adlib.c b/sound/isa/adlib.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..03fb2bce9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/adlib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * AdLib FM card driver.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+
+#define CRD_NAME "AdLib FM"
+#define DEV_NAME "adlib"
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION(CRD_NAME);
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Rene Herman");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+
+static int snd_adlib_match(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	if (!enable[n])
+		return 0;
+
+	if (port[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(dev, "please specify port\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_adlib_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+	int error;
+
+	error = snd_devm_card_new(dev, index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0, &card);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dev_err(dev, "could not create card\n");
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	card->private_data = devm_request_region(dev, port[n], 4, CRD_NAME);
+	if (!card->private_data) {
+		dev_err(dev, "could not grab ports\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	strscpy(card->driver, DEV_NAME);
+	strscpy(card->shortname, CRD_NAME);
+	sprintf(card->longname, CRD_NAME " at %#lx", port[n]);
+
+	error = snd_opl3_create(card, port[n], port[n] + 2, OPL3_HW_AUTO, 1, &opl3);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dev_err(dev, "could not create OPL\n");
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	error = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 0, NULL);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dev_err(dev, "could not create FM\n");
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	error = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dev_err(dev, "could not register card\n");
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(dev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_adlib_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_adlib_match,
+	.probe		= snd_adlib_probe,
+
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	}
+};
+
+module_isa_driver(snd_adlib_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
diff --git a/sound/isa/als100.c b/sound/isa/als100.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cfc241bd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/als100.c
@@ -0,0 +1,338 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+/*
+    card-als100.c - driver for Avance Logic ALS100 based soundcards.
+    Copyright (C) 1999-2000 by Massimo Piccioni <dafastidio@libero.it>
+    Copyright (C) 1999-2002 by Massimo Piccioni <dafastidio@libero.it>
+
+    Thanks to Pierfrancesco 'qM2' Passerini.
+
+    Generalised for soundcards based on DT-0196 and ALS-007 chips
+    by Jonathan Woithe <jwoithe@just42.net>: June 2002.
+
+*/
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/pnp.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#include <sound/sb.h>
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Avance Logic ALS007/ALS1X0");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Massimo Piccioni <dafastidio@libero.it>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;	/* Enable this card */
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static long fm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* PnP setup */
+static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* PnP setup */
+static int dma8[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* PnP setup */
+static int dma16[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* PnP setup */
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for Avance Logic based soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for Avance Logic based soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable Avance Logic based soundcard.");
+
+MODULE_ALIAS("snd-dt019x");
+
+struct snd_card_als100 {
+	struct pnp_dev *dev;
+	struct pnp_dev *devmpu;
+	struct pnp_dev *devopl;
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+};
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id snd_als100_pnpids[] = {
+	/* DT197A30 */
+	{ .id = "RWB1688",
+	  .devs = { { "@@@0001" }, { "@X@0001" }, { "@H@0001" } },
+	  .driver_data = SB_HW_DT019X },
+	/* DT0196 / ALS-007 */
+	{ .id = "ALS0007",
+	  .devs = { { "@@@0001" }, { "@X@0001" }, { "@H@0001" } },
+	  .driver_data = SB_HW_DT019X },
+	/* ALS100 - PRO16PNP */
+	{ .id = "ALS0001",
+	  .devs = { { "@@@0001" }, { "@X@0001" }, { "@H@0001" } },
+	  .driver_data = SB_HW_ALS100 },
+	/* ALS110 - MF1000 - Digimate 3D Sound */
+	{ .id = "ALS0110",
+	  .devs = { { "@@@1001" }, { "@X@1001" }, { "@H@1001" } },
+	  .driver_data = SB_HW_ALS100 },
+	/* ALS120 */
+	{ .id = "ALS0120",
+	  .devs = { { "@@@2001" }, { "@X@2001" }, { "@H@2001" } },
+	  .driver_data = SB_HW_ALS100 },
+	/* ALS200 */
+	{ .id = "ALS0200",
+	  .devs = { { "@@@0020" }, { "@X@0020" }, { "@H@0001" } },
+	  .driver_data = SB_HW_ALS100 },
+	/* ALS200 OEM */
+	{ .id = "ALS0200",
+	  .devs = { { "@@@0020" }, { "@X@0020" }, { "@H@0020" } },
+	  .driver_data = SB_HW_ALS100 },
+	/* RTL3000 */
+	{ .id = "RTL3000",
+	  .devs = { { "@@@2001" }, { "@X@2001" }, { "@H@2001" } },
+	  .driver_data = SB_HW_ALS100 },
+	{ .id = "" } /* end */
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_als100_pnpids);
+
+static int snd_card_als100_pnp(int dev, struct snd_card_als100 *acard,
+			       struct pnp_card_link *card,
+			       const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
+{
+	struct pnp_dev *pdev;
+	int err;
+
+	acard->dev = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (acard->dev == NULL)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	acard->devmpu = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[1].id, acard->dev);
+	acard->devopl = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[2].id, acard->dev);
+
+	pdev = acard->dev;
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "AUDIO pnp configure failure\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	if (id->driver_data == SB_HW_DT019X)
+		dma8[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	else {
+		dma8[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
+		dma16[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	}
+	irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+
+	pdev = acard->devmpu;
+	if (pdev != NULL) {
+		err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto __mpu_error;
+		mpu_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+		mpu_irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+	} else {
+	     __mpu_error:
+	     	if (pdev) {
+		     	pnp_release_card_device(pdev);
+			dev_err(&pdev->dev, "MPU401 pnp configure failure, skipping\n");
+	     	}
+	     	acard->devmpu = NULL;
+	     	mpu_port[dev] = -1;
+	}
+
+	pdev = acard->devopl;
+	if (pdev != NULL) {
+		err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto __fm_error;
+		fm_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	} else {
+	      __fm_error:
+	     	if (pdev) {
+		     	pnp_release_card_device(pdev);
+			dev_err(&pdev->dev, "OPL3 pnp configure failure, skipping\n");
+	     	}
+	     	acard->devopl = NULL;
+	     	fm_port[dev] = -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_card_als100_probe(int dev,
+				 struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				 const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	int error;
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_card_als100 *acard;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+
+	error = snd_devm_card_new(&pcard->card->dev,
+				  index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				  sizeof(struct snd_card_als100), &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	acard = card->private_data;
+
+	error = snd_card_als100_pnp(dev, acard, pcard, pid);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
+	if (pid->driver_data == SB_HW_DT019X)
+		dma16[dev] = -1;
+
+	error = snd_sbdsp_create(card, port[dev], irq[dev],
+				  snd_sb16dsp_interrupt,
+				  dma8[dev], dma16[dev],
+				  pid->driver_data,
+				  &chip);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	acard->chip = chip;
+
+	if (pid->driver_data == SB_HW_DT019X) {
+		strscpy(card->driver, "DT-019X");
+		strscpy(card->shortname, "Diamond Tech. DT-019X");
+		snprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
+			 "Diamond Tech. DT-019X, %s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d",
+			 chip->name, chip->port, irq[dev], dma8[dev]);
+	} else {
+		strscpy(card->driver, "ALS100");
+		strscpy(card->shortname, "Avance Logic ALS100");
+		snprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
+			 "Avance Logic ALS100, %s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d&%d",
+			 chip->name, chip->port, irq[dev], dma8[dev],
+			 dma16[dev]);
+	}
+
+	error = snd_sb16dsp_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_sbmixer_new(chip);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	if (mpu_port[dev] > 0 && mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		int mpu_type = MPU401_HW_ALS100;
+
+		if (mpu_irq[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ)
+			mpu_irq[dev] = -1;
+
+		if (pid->driver_data == SB_HW_DT019X)
+			mpu_type = MPU401_HW_MPU401;
+
+		if (snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0,
+					mpu_type,
+					mpu_port[dev], 0, 
+					mpu_irq[dev],
+					NULL) < 0)
+			dev_err(card->dev, "no MPU-401 device at 0x%lx\n", mpu_port[dev]);
+	}
+
+	if (fm_port[dev] > 0 && fm_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (snd_opl3_create(card,
+				    fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2,
+				    OPL3_HW_AUTO, 0, &opl3) < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "no OPL device at 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
+				fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2);
+		} else {
+			error = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, 0, 1);
+			if (error < 0)
+				return error;
+			error = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+			if (error < 0)
+				return error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	error = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned int als100_devices;
+
+static int snd_als100_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *card,
+				 const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	int res;
+
+	for ( ; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (!enable[dev])
+			continue;
+		res = snd_card_als100_probe(dev, card, id);
+		if (res < 0)
+			return res;
+		dev++;
+		als100_devices++;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_als100_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard);
+	struct snd_card_als100 *acard = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_sb *chip = acard->chip;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	snd_sbmixer_suspend(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_als100_pnp_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard);
+	struct snd_card_als100 *acard = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_sb *chip = acard->chip;
+
+	snd_sbdsp_reset(chip);
+	snd_sbmixer_resume(chip);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver als100_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags          = PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
+	.name		= "als100",
+        .id_table       = snd_als100_pnpids,
+        .probe          = snd_als100_pnp_detect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_als100_pnp_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_als100_pnp_resume,
+#endif
+};
+
+static int __init alsa_card_als100_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&als100_pnpc_driver);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	if (!als100_devices) {
+		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&als100_pnpc_driver);
+#ifdef MODULE
+		pr_err("no Avance Logic based soundcards found\n");
+#endif
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_card_als100_exit(void)
+{
+	pnp_unregister_card_driver(&als100_pnpc_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_card_als100_init)
+module_exit(alsa_card_als100_exit)
diff --git a/sound/isa/azt2320.c b/sound/isa/azt2320.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..588b9f083
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/azt2320.c
@@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+    card-azt2320.c - driver for Aztech Systems AZT2320 based soundcards.
+    Copyright (C) 1999-2000 by Massimo Piccioni <dafastidio@libero.it>
+
+*/
+
+/*
+    This driver should provide support for most Aztech AZT2320 based cards.
+    Several AZT2316 chips are also supported/tested, but autoprobe doesn't
+    work: all module option have to be set.
+
+    No docs available for us at Aztech headquarters !!!   Unbelievable ...
+    No other help obtained.
+
+    Thanks to Rainer Wiesner <rainer.wiesner@01019freenet.de> for the WSS
+    activation method (full-duplex audio!).
+*/
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/pnp.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Massimo Piccioni <dafastidio@libero.it>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Aztech Systems AZT2320");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_ISAPNP; /* Enable this card */
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static long wss_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static long fm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* Pnp setup */
+static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* Pnp setup */
+static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* PnP setup */
+static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* PnP setup */
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for azt2320 based soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for azt2320 based soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable azt2320 based soundcard.");
+
+struct snd_card_azt2320 {
+	int dev_no;
+	struct pnp_dev *dev;
+	struct pnp_dev *devmpu;
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+};
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id snd_azt2320_pnpids[] = {
+	/* PRO16V */
+	{ .id = "AZT1008", .devs = { { "AZT1008" }, { "AZT2001" }, } },
+	/* Aztech Sound Galaxy 16 */
+	{ .id = "AZT2320", .devs = { { "AZT0001" }, { "AZT0002" }, } },
+	/* Packard Bell Sound III 336 AM/SP */
+	{ .id = "AZT3000", .devs = { { "AZT1003" }, { "AZT2001" }, } },
+	/* AT3300 */
+	{ .id = "AZT3002", .devs = { { "AZT1004" }, { "AZT2001" }, } },
+	/* --- */
+	{ .id = "AZT3005", .devs = { { "AZT1003" }, { "AZT2001" }, } },
+	/* --- */
+	{ .id = "AZT3011", .devs = { { "AZT1003" }, { "AZT2001" }, } },
+	{ .id = "" }	/* end */
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_azt2320_pnpids);
+
+#define	DRIVER_NAME	"snd-card-azt2320"
+
+static int snd_card_azt2320_pnp(int dev, struct snd_card_azt2320 *acard,
+				struct pnp_card_link *card,
+				const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
+{
+	struct pnp_dev *pdev;
+	int err;
+
+	acard->dev = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (acard->dev == NULL)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	acard->devmpu = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[1].id, NULL);
+
+	pdev = acard->dev;
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "AUDIO pnp configure failure\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	fm_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1);
+	wss_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 2);
+	dma1[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	dma2[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
+	irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+
+	pdev = acard->devmpu;
+	if (pdev != NULL) {
+		err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto __mpu_error;
+		mpu_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+		mpu_irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+	} else {
+	     __mpu_error:
+	     	if (pdev) {
+		     	pnp_release_card_device(pdev);
+			dev_err(&pdev->dev, "MPU401 pnp configure failure, skipping\n");
+	     	}
+	     	acard->devmpu = NULL;
+	     	mpu_port[dev] = -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* same of snd_sbdsp_command by Jaroslav Kysela */
+static int snd_card_azt2320_command(unsigned long port, unsigned char val)
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned long limit;
+
+	limit = jiffies + HZ / 10;
+	for (i = 50000; i && time_after(limit, jiffies); i--)
+		if (!(inb(port + 0x0c) & 0x80)) {
+			outb(val, port + 0x0c);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	return -EBUSY;
+}
+
+static int snd_card_azt2320_enable_wss(unsigned long port)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	error = snd_card_azt2320_command(port, 0x09);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+	error = snd_card_azt2320_command(port, 0x00);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
+	mdelay(5);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_card_azt2320_probe(int dev,
+				  struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				  const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	int error;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_card_azt2320 *acard;
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+
+	error = snd_devm_card_new(&pcard->card->dev,
+				  index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				  sizeof(struct snd_card_azt2320), &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	acard = card->private_data;
+
+	error = snd_card_azt2320_pnp(dev, acard, pcard, pid);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_card_azt2320_enable_wss(port[dev]);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_wss_create(card, wss_port[dev], -1,
+			       irq[dev],
+			       dma1[dev], dma2[dev],
+			       WSS_HW_DETECT, 0, &chip);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	strscpy(card->driver, "AZT2320");
+	strscpy(card->shortname, "Aztech AZT2320");
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s, WSS at 0x%lx, irq %i, dma %i&%i",
+		card->shortname, chip->port, irq[dev], dma1[dev], dma2[dev]);
+
+	error = snd_wss_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	error = snd_wss_mixer(chip);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	error = snd_wss_timer(chip, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	if (mpu_port[dev] > 0 && mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_AZT2320,
+				mpu_port[dev], 0,
+				mpu_irq[dev], NULL) < 0)
+			dev_err(card->dev, "no MPU-401 device at 0x%lx\n", mpu_port[dev]);
+	}
+
+	if (fm_port[dev] > 0 && fm_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (snd_opl3_create(card,
+				    fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2,
+				    OPL3_HW_AUTO, 0, &opl3) < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "no OPL device at 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
+				fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2);
+		} else {
+			error = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, 1, 2);
+			if (error < 0)
+				return error;
+			error = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+			if (error < 0)
+				return error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	error = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned int azt2320_devices;
+
+static int snd_azt2320_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *card,
+				  const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	int res;
+
+	for ( ; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (!enable[dev])
+			continue;
+		res = snd_card_azt2320_probe(dev, card, id);
+		if (res < 0)
+			return res;
+		dev++;
+		azt2320_devices++;
+		return 0;
+	}
+        return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_azt2320_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard);
+	struct snd_card_azt2320 *acard = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_wss *chip = acard->chip;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	chip->suspend(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_azt2320_pnp_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard);
+	struct snd_card_azt2320 *acard = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_wss *chip = acard->chip;
+
+	chip->resume(chip);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver azt2320_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags          = PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
+	.name           = "azt2320",
+	.id_table       = snd_azt2320_pnpids,
+	.probe          = snd_azt2320_pnp_detect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_azt2320_pnp_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_azt2320_pnp_resume,
+#endif
+};
+
+static int __init alsa_card_azt2320_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&azt2320_pnpc_driver);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	if (!azt2320_devices) {
+		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&azt2320_pnpc_driver);
+#ifdef MODULE
+		pr_err("no AZT2320 based soundcards found\n");
+#endif
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_card_azt2320_exit(void)
+{
+	pnp_unregister_card_driver(&azt2320_pnpc_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_card_azt2320_init)
+module_exit(alsa_card_azt2320_exit)
diff --git a/sound/isa/cmi8328.c b/sound/isa/cmi8328.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4e6d823af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/cmi8328.c
@@ -0,0 +1,460 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * Driver for C-Media CMI8328-based soundcards, such as AudioExcel AV500
+ * Copyright (c) 2012 Ondrej Zary
+ *
+ * AudioExcel AV500 card consists of:
+ *  - CMI8328 - main chip (SB Pro emulation, gameport, OPL3, MPU401, CD-ROM)
+ *  - CS4231A - WSS codec
+ *  - Dream SAM9233+GMS950400+RAM+ROM: Wavetable MIDI, connected to MPU401
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/gameport.h>
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IOPORT
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IRQ
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_DMA
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Ondrej Zary <linux@rainbow-software.org>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("C-Media CMI8328");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_GAMEPORT)
+#define SUPPORT_JOYSTICK 1
+#endif
+
+/* I/O port is configured by jumpers on the card to one of these */
+static const int cmi8328_ports[] = { 0x530, 0xe80, 0xf40, 0x604 };
+#define CMI8328_MAX	ARRAY_SIZE(cmi8328_ports)
+
+static int index[CMI8328_MAX] =     {[0 ... (CMI8328_MAX-1)] = -1};
+static char *id[CMI8328_MAX] =      {[0 ... (CMI8328_MAX-1)] = NULL};
+static long port[CMI8328_MAX] =     {[0 ... (CMI8328_MAX-1)] = SNDRV_AUTO_PORT};
+static int irq[CMI8328_MAX] =       {[0 ... (CMI8328_MAX-1)] = SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ};
+static int dma1[CMI8328_MAX] =      {[0 ... (CMI8328_MAX-1)] = SNDRV_AUTO_DMA};
+static int dma2[CMI8328_MAX] =      {[0 ... (CMI8328_MAX-1)] = SNDRV_AUTO_DMA};
+static long mpuport[CMI8328_MAX] =  {[0 ... (CMI8328_MAX-1)] = SNDRV_AUTO_PORT};
+static int mpuirq[CMI8328_MAX] =    {[0 ... (CMI8328_MAX-1)] = SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ};
+#ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK
+static bool gameport[CMI8328_MAX] = {[0 ... (CMI8328_MAX-1)] = true};
+#endif
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for CMI8328 soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for CMI8328 soundcard.");
+
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for CMI8328 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for CMI8328 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma1, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "DMA1 for CMI8328 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma2, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "DMA2 for CMI8328 driver.");
+
+module_param_hw_array(mpuport, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpuport, "MPU-401 port # for CMI8328 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpuirq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpuirq, "IRQ # for CMI8328 MPU-401 port.");
+#ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK
+module_param_array(gameport, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(gameport, "Enable gameport.");
+#endif
+
+struct snd_cmi8328 {
+	u16 port;
+	u8 cfg[3];
+	u8 wss_cfg;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_wss *wss;
+#ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK
+	struct gameport *gameport;
+#endif
+};
+
+/* CMI8328 configuration registers */
+#define CFG1 0x61
+#define CFG1_SB_DISABLE	(1 << 0)
+#define CFG1_GAMEPORT	(1 << 1)
+/*
+ * bit 0:    SB: 0=enabled, 1=disabled
+ * bit 1:    gameport: 0=disabled, 1=enabled
+ * bits 2-4: SB IRQ: 001=3, 010=5, 011=7, 100=9, 101=10, 110=11
+ * bits 5-6: SB DMA: 00=disabled (when SB disabled), 01=DMA0, 10=DMA1, 11=DMA3
+ * bit 7:    SB port: 0=0x220, 1=0x240
+ */
+#define CFG2 0x62
+#define CFG2_MPU_ENABLE (1 << 2)
+/*
+ * bits 0-1: CD-ROM mode: 00=disabled, 01=Panasonic, 10=Sony/Mitsumi/Wearnes,
+			  11=IDE
+ * bit 2:    MPU401: 0=disabled, 1=enabled
+ * bits 3-4: MPU401 IRQ: 00=3, 01=5, 10=7, 11=9,
+ * bits 5-7: MPU401 port: 000=0x300, 001=0x310, 010=0x320, 011=0x330, 100=0x332,
+			  101=0x334, 110=0x336
+ */
+#define CFG3 0x63
+/*
+ * bits 0-2: CD-ROM IRQ: 000=disabled, 001=3, 010=5, 011=7, 100=9, 101=10,
+			 110=11
+ * bits 3-4: CD-ROM DMA: 00=disabled, 01=DMA0, 10=DMA1, 11=DMA3
+ * bits 5-7: CD-ROM port: 000=0x300, 001=0x310, 010=0x320, 011=0x330, 100=0x340,
+			  101=0x350, 110=0x360, 111=0x370
+ */
+
+static u8 snd_cmi8328_cfg_read(u16 port, u8 reg)
+{
+	outb(0x43, port + 3);
+	outb(0x21, port + 3);
+	outb(reg, port + 3);
+	return inb(port);
+}
+
+static void snd_cmi8328_cfg_write(u16 port, u8 reg, u8 val)
+{
+	outb(0x43, port + 3);
+	outb(0x21, port + 3);
+	outb(reg, port + 3);
+	outb(val, port + 3);	/* yes, value goes to the same port as index */
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static void snd_cmi8328_cfg_save(u16 port, u8 cfg[])
+{
+	cfg[0] = snd_cmi8328_cfg_read(port, CFG1);
+	cfg[1] = snd_cmi8328_cfg_read(port, CFG2);
+	cfg[2] = snd_cmi8328_cfg_read(port, CFG3);
+}
+
+static void snd_cmi8328_cfg_restore(u16 port, u8 cfg[])
+{
+	snd_cmi8328_cfg_write(port, CFG1, cfg[0]);
+	snd_cmi8328_cfg_write(port, CFG2, cfg[1]);
+	snd_cmi8328_cfg_write(port, CFG3, cfg[2]);
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_PM */
+
+static int snd_cmi8328_mixer(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_id id1, id2;
+	int err;
+
+	card = chip->card;
+
+	memset(&id1, 0, sizeof(id1));
+	memset(&id2, 0, sizeof(id2));
+	id1.iface = id2.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+	/* rename AUX0 switch to CD */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch");
+	strscpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Switch");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "error renaming control\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	/* rename AUX0 volume to CD */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
+	strscpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Volume");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "error renaming control\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	/* rename AUX1 switch to Synth */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch");
+	id1.index = 1;
+	strscpy(id2.name, "Synth Playback Switch");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "error renaming control\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	/* rename AUX1 volume to Synth */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
+	id1.index = 1;
+	strscpy(id2.name, "Synth Playback Volume");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "error renaming control\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* find index of an item in "-1"-ended array */
+static int array_find(const int array[], int item)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; array[i] != -1; i++)
+		if (array[i] == item)
+			return i;
+
+	return -1;
+}
+/* the same for long */
+static int array_find_l(const long array[], long item)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; array[i] != -1; i++)
+		if (array[i] == item)
+			return i;
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int snd_cmi8328_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int ndev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+	struct snd_cmi8328 *cmi;
+#ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK
+	struct resource *res;
+#endif
+	int err, pos;
+	static const long mpu_ports[] = { 0x330, 0x300, 0x310, 0x320, 0x332, 0x334,
+				   0x336, -1 };
+	static const u8 mpu_port_bits[] = { 3, 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 };
+	static const int mpu_irqs[] = { 9, 7, 5, 3, -1 };
+	static const u8 mpu_irq_bits[] = { 3, 2, 1, 0 };
+	static const int irqs[] = { 9, 10, 11, 7, -1 };
+	static const u8 irq_bits[] = { 2, 3, 4, 1 };
+	static const int dma1s[] = { 3, 1, 0, -1 };
+	static const u8 dma_bits[] = { 3, 2, 1 };
+	static const int dma2s[][2] = { {1, -1}, {0, -1}, {-1, -1}, {0, -1} };
+	u16 port = cmi8328_ports[ndev];
+	u8 val;
+
+	/* 0xff is invalid configuration (but settable - hope it isn't set) */
+	if (snd_cmi8328_cfg_read(port, CFG1) == 0xff)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	/* the SB disable bit must NEVER EVER be cleared or the WSS dies */
+	snd_cmi8328_cfg_write(port, CFG1, CFG1_SB_DISABLE);
+	if (snd_cmi8328_cfg_read(port, CFG1) != CFG1_SB_DISABLE)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	/* disable everything first */
+	snd_cmi8328_cfg_write(port, CFG2, 0);	/* disable CDROM and MPU401 */
+	snd_cmi8328_cfg_write(port, CFG3, 0);	/* disable CDROM IRQ and DMA */
+
+	if (irq[ndev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		irq[ndev] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(irqs);
+		if (irq[ndev] < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma1[ndev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma1[ndev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(dma1s);
+		if (dma1[ndev] < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free DMA1\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma2[ndev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma2[ndev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(dma2s[dma1[ndev] % 4]);
+		if (dma2[ndev] < 0) {
+			dev_warn(pdev, "unable to find a free DMA2, full-duplex will not work\n");
+			dma2[ndev] = -1;
+		}
+	}
+	/* configure WSS IRQ... */
+	pos = array_find(irqs, irq[ndev]);
+	if (pos < 0) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "invalid IRQ %d\n", irq[ndev]);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	val = irq_bits[pos] << 3;
+	/* ...and DMA... */
+	pos = array_find(dma1s, dma1[ndev]);
+	if (pos < 0) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "invalid DMA1 %d\n", dma1[ndev]);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	val |= dma_bits[pos];
+	/* ...and DMA2 */
+	if (dma2[ndev] >= 0 && dma1[ndev] != dma2[ndev]) {
+		pos = array_find(dma2s[dma1[ndev]], dma2[ndev]);
+		if (pos < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "invalid DMA2 %d\n", dma2[ndev]);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		val |= 0x04; /* enable separate capture DMA */
+	}
+	outb(val, port);
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(pdev, index[ndev], id[ndev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_cmi8328), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	cmi = card->private_data;
+	cmi->card = card;
+	cmi->port = port;
+	cmi->wss_cfg = val;
+
+	err = snd_wss_create(card, port + 4, -1, irq[ndev], dma1[ndev],
+			dma2[ndev], WSS_HW_DETECT, 0, &cmi->wss);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_wss_pcm(cmi->wss, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_wss_mixer(cmi->wss);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_cmi8328_mixer(cmi->wss);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (snd_wss_timer(cmi->wss, 0) < 0)
+		dev_warn(pdev, "error initializing WSS timer\n");
+
+	if (mpuport[ndev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		mpuport[ndev] = snd_legacy_find_free_ioport(mpu_ports, 2);
+		if (mpuport[ndev] < 0)
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free MPU401 port\n");
+	}
+	if (mpuirq[ndev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		mpuirq[ndev] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(mpu_irqs);
+		if (mpuirq[ndev] < 0)
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free MPU401 IRQ\n");
+	}
+	/* enable and configure MPU401 */
+	if (mpuport[ndev] > 0 && mpuirq[ndev] > 0) {
+		val = CFG2_MPU_ENABLE;
+		pos = array_find_l(mpu_ports, mpuport[ndev]);
+		if (pos < 0)
+			dev_warn(pdev, "invalid MPU401 port 0x%lx\n",
+				 mpuport[ndev]);
+		else {
+			val |= mpu_port_bits[pos] << 5;
+			pos = array_find(mpu_irqs, mpuirq[ndev]);
+			if (pos < 0)
+				dev_warn(pdev, "invalid MPU401 IRQ %d\n",
+					 mpuirq[ndev]);
+			else {
+				val |= mpu_irq_bits[pos] << 3;
+				snd_cmi8328_cfg_write(port, CFG2, val);
+				if (snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0,
+						MPU401_HW_MPU401, mpuport[ndev],
+						0, mpuirq[ndev], NULL) < 0)
+					dev_err(pdev, "error initializing MPU401\n");
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	/* OPL3 is hardwired to 0x388 and cannot be disabled */
+	if (snd_opl3_create(card, 0x388, 0x38a, OPL3_HW_AUTO, 0, &opl3) < 0)
+		dev_err(pdev, "error initializing OPL3\n");
+	else
+		if (snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL) < 0)
+			dev_warn(pdev, "error initializing OPL3 hwdep\n");
+
+	strscpy(card->driver, "CMI8328");
+	strscpy(card->shortname, "C-Media CMI8328");
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d,%d",
+		card->shortname, cmi->wss->port, irq[ndev], dma1[ndev],
+		(dma2[ndev] >= 0) ? dma2[ndev] : dma1[ndev]);
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK
+	if (!gameport[ndev])
+		return 0;
+	/* gameport is hardwired to 0x200 */
+	res = devm_request_region(pdev, 0x200, 8, "CMI8328 gameport");
+	if (!res)
+		dev_warn(pdev, "unable to allocate gameport I/O port\n");
+	else {
+		struct gameport *gp = cmi->gameport = gameport_allocate_port();
+		if (cmi->gameport) {
+			gameport_set_name(gp, "CMI8328 Gameport");
+			gameport_set_phys(gp, "%s/gameport0", dev_name(pdev));
+			gameport_set_dev_parent(gp, pdev);
+			gp->io = 0x200;
+			/* Enable gameport */
+			snd_cmi8328_cfg_write(port, CFG1,
+					CFG1_SB_DISABLE | CFG1_GAMEPORT);
+			gameport_register_port(gp);
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_cmi8328_remove(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(pdev);
+	struct snd_cmi8328 *cmi = card->private_data;
+
+#ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK
+	if (cmi->gameport)
+		gameport_unregister_port(cmi->gameport);
+#endif
+	/* disable everything */
+	snd_cmi8328_cfg_write(cmi->port, CFG1, CFG1_SB_DISABLE);
+	snd_cmi8328_cfg_write(cmi->port, CFG2, 0);
+	snd_cmi8328_cfg_write(cmi->port, CFG3, 0);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_cmi8328_suspend(struct device *pdev, unsigned int n,
+				pm_message_t state)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(pdev);
+	struct snd_cmi8328 *cmi;
+
+	if (!card)	/* ignore absent devices */
+		return 0;
+	cmi = card->private_data;
+	snd_cmi8328_cfg_save(cmi->port, cmi->cfg);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	cmi->wss->suspend(cmi->wss);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cmi8328_resume(struct device *pdev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(pdev);
+	struct snd_cmi8328 *cmi;
+
+	if (!card)	/* ignore absent devices */
+		return 0;
+	cmi = card->private_data;
+	snd_cmi8328_cfg_restore(cmi->port, cmi->cfg);
+	outb(cmi->wss_cfg, cmi->port);
+	cmi->wss->resume(cmi->wss);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_cmi8328_driver = {
+	.probe		= snd_cmi8328_probe,
+	.remove		= snd_cmi8328_remove,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_cmi8328_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_cmi8328_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= "cmi8328"
+	},
+};
+
+module_isa_driver(snd_cmi8328_driver, CMI8328_MAX);
diff --git a/sound/isa/cmi8330.c b/sound/isa/cmi8330.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ecff52195
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/cmi8330.c
@@ -0,0 +1,749 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Driver for C-Media's CMI8330 and CMI8329 soundcards.
+ *  Copyright (c) by George Talusan <gstalusan@uwaterloo.ca>
+ *    http://www.undergrad.math.uwaterloo.ca/~gstalusa
+ */
+
+/*
+ * NOTES
+ *
+ *  The extended registers contain mixer settings which are largely
+ *  untapped for the time being.
+ *
+ *  MPU401 and SPDIF are not supported yet.  I don't have the hardware
+ *  to aid in coding and testing, so I won't bother.
+ *
+ *  To quickly load the module,
+ *
+ *  modprobe -a snd-cmi8330 sbport=0x220 sbirq=5 sbdma8=1
+ *    sbdma16=5 wssport=0x530 wssirq=11 wssdma=0 fmport=0x388
+ *
+ *  This card has two mixers and two PCM devices.  I've cheesed it such
+ *  that recording and playback can be done through the same device.
+ *  The driver "magically" routes the capturing to the AD1848 codec,
+ *  and playback to the SB16 codec.  This allows for full-duplex mode
+ *  to some extent.
+ *  The utilities in alsa-utils are aware of both devices, so passing
+ *  the appropriate parameters to amixer and alsactl will give you
+ *  full control over both mixers.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/pnp.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/sb.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+/*
+ */
+/* #define ENABLE_SB_MIXER */
+#define PLAYBACK_ON_SB
+
+/*
+ */
+MODULE_AUTHOR("George Talusan <gstalusan@uwaterloo.ca>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("C-Media CMI8330/CMI8329");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_ISAPNP;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static bool isapnp[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 1};
+#endif
+static long sbport[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static int sbirq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+static int sbdma8[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;
+static int sbdma16[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;
+static long wssport[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static int wssirq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+static int wssdma[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;
+static long fmport[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static long mpuport[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static int mpuirq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for CMI8330/CMI8329 soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string  for CMI8330/CMI8329 soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable CMI8330/CMI8329 soundcard.");
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+module_param_array(isapnp, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(isapnp, "PnP detection for specified soundcard.");
+#endif
+
+module_param_hw_array(sbport, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(sbport, "Port # for CMI8330/CMI8329 SB driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(sbirq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(sbirq, "IRQ # for CMI8330/CMI8329 SB driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(sbdma8, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(sbdma8, "DMA8 for CMI8330/CMI8329 SB driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(sbdma16, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(sbdma16, "DMA16 for CMI8330/CMI8329 SB driver.");
+
+module_param_hw_array(wssport, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(wssport, "Port # for CMI8330/CMI8329 WSS driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(wssirq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(wssirq, "IRQ # for CMI8330/CMI8329 WSS driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(wssdma, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(wssdma, "DMA for CMI8330/CMI8329 WSS driver.");
+
+module_param_hw_array(fmport, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fmport, "FM port # for CMI8330/CMI8329 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpuport, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpuport, "MPU-401 port # for CMI8330/CMI8329 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpuirq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpuirq, "IRQ # for CMI8330/CMI8329 MPU-401 port.");
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int isa_registered __ro_after_init;
+static int pnp_registered __ro_after_init;
+#endif
+
+#define CMI8330_RMUX3D    16
+#define CMI8330_MUTEMUX   17
+#define CMI8330_OUTPUTVOL 18
+#define CMI8330_MASTVOL   19
+#define CMI8330_LINVOL    20
+#define CMI8330_CDINVOL   21
+#define CMI8330_WAVVOL    22
+#define CMI8330_RECMUX    23
+#define CMI8330_WAVGAIN   24
+#define CMI8330_LINGAIN   25
+#define CMI8330_CDINGAIN  26
+
+static const unsigned char snd_cmi8330_image[((CMI8330_CDINGAIN)-16) + 1] =
+{
+	0x40,			/* 16 - recording mux (SB-mixer-enabled) */
+#ifdef ENABLE_SB_MIXER
+	0x40,			/* 17 - mute mux (Mode2) */
+#else
+	0x0,			/* 17 - mute mux */
+#endif
+	0x0,			/* 18 - vol */
+	0x0,			/* 19 - master volume */
+	0x0,			/* 20 - line-in volume */
+	0x0,			/* 21 - cd-in volume */
+	0x0,			/* 22 - wave volume */
+	0x0,			/* 23 - mute/rec mux */
+	0x0,			/* 24 - wave rec gain */
+	0x0,			/* 25 - line-in rec gain */
+	0x0			/* 26 - cd-in rec gain */
+};
+
+typedef int (*snd_pcm_open_callback_t)(struct snd_pcm_substream *);
+
+enum card_type {
+	CMI8330,
+	CMI8329
+};
+
+struct snd_cmi8330 {
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	struct pnp_dev *cap;
+	struct pnp_dev *play;
+	struct pnp_dev *mpu;
+#endif
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_wss *wss;
+	struct snd_sb *sb;
+
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	struct snd_cmi8330_stream {
+		struct snd_pcm_ops ops;
+		snd_pcm_open_callback_t open;
+		void *private_data; /* sb or wss */
+	} streams[2];
+
+	enum card_type type;
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id snd_cmi8330_pnpids[] = {
+	{ .id = "CMI0001", .devs = { { "@X@0001" }, { "@@@0001" }, { "@H@0001" }, { "A@@0001" } } },
+	{ .id = "CMI0001", .devs = { { "@@@0001" }, { "@X@0001" }, { "@H@0001" } } },
+	{ .id = "" }
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_cmi8330_pnpids);
+
+#endif
+
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_cmi8330_controls[] = {
+WSS_DOUBLE("Master Playback Volume", 0,
+		CMI8330_MASTVOL, CMI8330_MASTVOL, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+WSS_SINGLE("Loud Playback Switch", 0,
+		CMI8330_MUTEMUX, 6, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_OUTPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_OUTPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_OUTPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_OUTPUT, 0, 0, 63, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Line Playback Switch", 0,
+		CMI8330_MUTEMUX, CMI8330_MUTEMUX, 4, 3, 1, 0),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Line Playback Volume", 0,
+		CMI8330_LINVOL, CMI8330_LINVOL, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Line Capture Switch", 0,
+		CMI8330_RMUX3D, CMI8330_RMUX3D, 2, 1, 1, 0),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Line Capture Volume", 0,
+		CMI8330_LINGAIN, CMI8330_LINGAIN, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+WSS_DOUBLE("CD Playback Switch", 0,
+		CMI8330_MUTEMUX, CMI8330_MUTEMUX, 2, 1, 1, 0),
+WSS_DOUBLE("CD Capture Switch", 0,
+		CMI8330_RMUX3D, CMI8330_RMUX3D, 4, 3, 1, 0),
+WSS_DOUBLE("CD Playback Volume", 0,
+		CMI8330_CDINVOL, CMI8330_CDINVOL, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+WSS_DOUBLE("CD Capture Volume", 0,
+		CMI8330_CDINGAIN, CMI8330_CDINGAIN, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+WSS_SINGLE("Mic Playback Switch", 0,
+		CMI8330_MUTEMUX, 0, 1, 0),
+WSS_SINGLE("Mic Playback Volume", 0,
+		CMI8330_OUTPUTVOL, 0, 7, 0),
+WSS_SINGLE("Mic Capture Switch", 0,
+		CMI8330_RMUX3D, 0, 1, 0),
+WSS_SINGLE("Mic Capture Volume", 0,
+		CMI8330_OUTPUTVOL, 5, 7, 0),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Wavetable Playback Switch", 0,
+		CMI8330_RECMUX, CMI8330_RECMUX, 1, 0, 1, 0),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Wavetable Playback Volume", 0,
+		CMI8330_WAVVOL, CMI8330_WAVVOL, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Wavetable Capture Switch", 0,
+		CMI8330_RECMUX, CMI8330_RECMUX, 5, 4, 1, 0),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Wavetable Capture Volume", 0,
+		CMI8330_WAVGAIN, CMI8330_WAVGAIN, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+WSS_SINGLE("3D Control - Switch", 0,
+		CMI8330_RMUX3D, 5, 1, 1),
+WSS_SINGLE("Beep Playback Volume", 0,
+		CMI8330_OUTPUTVOL, 3, 3, 0),
+WSS_DOUBLE("FM Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("FM Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT, 0, 0, 31, 1),
+WSS_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("Input ", CAPTURE, SWITCH), 0,
+		CMI8330_RMUX3D, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_SINGLE(SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("Input ", PLAYBACK, SWITCH), 0,
+		CMI8330_MUTEMUX, 7, 1, 1),
+};
+
+#ifdef ENABLE_SB_MIXER
+static const struct sbmix_elem cmi8330_sb_mixers[] = {
+SB_DOUBLE("SB Master Playback Volume", SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV, (SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV + 1), 3, 3, 31),
+SB_DOUBLE("Tone Control - Bass", SB_DSP4_BASS_DEV, (SB_DSP4_BASS_DEV + 1), 4, 4, 15),
+SB_DOUBLE("Tone Control - Treble", SB_DSP4_TREBLE_DEV, (SB_DSP4_TREBLE_DEV + 1), 4, 4, 15),
+SB_DOUBLE("SB PCM Playback Volume", SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV, (SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 1), 3, 3, 31),
+SB_DOUBLE("SB Synth Playback Volume", SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV, (SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV + 1), 3, 3, 31),
+SB_DOUBLE("SB CD Playback Switch", SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, 2, 1, 1),
+SB_DOUBLE("SB CD Playback Volume", SB_DSP4_CD_DEV, (SB_DSP4_CD_DEV + 1), 3, 3, 31),
+SB_DOUBLE("SB Line Playback Switch", SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, 4, 3, 1),
+SB_DOUBLE("SB Line Playback Volume", SB_DSP4_LINE_DEV, (SB_DSP4_LINE_DEV + 1), 3, 3, 31),
+SB_SINGLE("SB Mic Playback Switch", SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, 0, 1),
+SB_SINGLE("SB Mic Playback Volume", SB_DSP4_MIC_DEV, 3, 31),
+SB_SINGLE("SB Beep Volume", SB_DSP4_SPEAKER_DEV, 6, 3),
+SB_DOUBLE("SB Capture Volume", SB_DSP4_IGAIN_DEV, (SB_DSP4_IGAIN_DEV + 1), 6, 6, 3),
+SB_DOUBLE("SB Playback Volume", SB_DSP4_OGAIN_DEV, (SB_DSP4_OGAIN_DEV + 1), 6, 6, 3),
+SB_SINGLE("SB Mic Auto Gain", SB_DSP4_MIC_AGC, 0, 1),
+};
+
+static const unsigned char cmi8330_sb_init_values[][2] = {
+	{ SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV + 0, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV + 1, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 0, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 1, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV + 0, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV + 1, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_INPUT_LEFT, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_INPUT_RIGHT, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_SPEAKER_DEV, 0 },
+};
+
+
+static int cmi8330_add_sb_mixers(struct snd_sb *chip)
+{
+	int idx, err;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->mixer_lock) {
+		snd_sbmixer_write(chip, 0x00, 0x00);	/* mixer reset */
+	}
+
+	/* mute and zero volume channels */
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(cmi8330_sb_init_values); idx++) {
+		scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->mixer_lock) {
+			snd_sbmixer_write(chip, cmi8330_sb_init_values[idx][0],
+					  cmi8330_sb_init_values[idx][1]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(cmi8330_sb_mixers); idx++) {
+		err = snd_sbmixer_add_ctl_elem(chip, &cmi8330_sb_mixers[idx]);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int snd_cmi8330_mixer(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_cmi8330 *acard)
+{
+	unsigned int idx;
+	int err;
+
+	strscpy(card->mixername, (acard->type == CMI8329) ? "CMI8329" : "CMI8330/C3D");
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_cmi8330_controls); idx++) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card,
+				snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cmi8330_controls[idx],
+					     acard->wss));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+#ifdef ENABLE_SB_MIXER
+	err = cmi8330_add_sb_mixers(acard->sb);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int snd_cmi8330_pnp(int dev, struct snd_cmi8330 *acard,
+			   struct pnp_card_link *card,
+			   const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
+{
+	struct pnp_dev *pdev;
+	int err;
+
+	/* CMI8329 has a device with ID A@@0001, CMI8330 does not */
+	acard->type = (id->devs[3].id[0]) ? CMI8329 : CMI8330;
+
+	acard->cap = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (acard->cap == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	acard->play = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[1].id, NULL);
+	if (acard->play == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	acard->mpu = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[2].id, NULL);
+	if (acard->mpu == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	pdev = acard->cap;
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "AD1848 PnP configure failure\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	wssport[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	wssdma[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	wssirq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+	if (pnp_port_start(pdev, 1))
+		fmport[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1);
+
+	/* allocate SB16 resources */
+	pdev = acard->play;
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "SB16 PnP configure failure\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	sbport[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	sbdma8[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	sbdma16[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
+	sbirq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+	/* On CMI8239, the OPL3 port might be present in SB16 PnP resources */
+	if (fmport[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (pnp_port_start(pdev, 1))
+			fmport[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1);
+		else
+			fmport[dev] = 0x388;	/* Or hardwired */
+	}
+
+	/* allocate MPU-401 resources */
+	pdev = acard->mpu;
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "MPU-401 PnP configure failure: will be disabled\n");
+	else {
+		mpuport[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+		mpuirq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * PCM interface
+ *
+ * since we call the different chip interfaces for playback and capture
+ * directions, we need a trick.
+ *
+ * - copy the ops for each direction into a local record.
+ * - replace the open callback with the new one, which replaces the
+ *   substream->private_data with the corresponding chip instance
+ *   and calls again the original open callback of the chip.
+ *
+ */
+
+#ifdef PLAYBACK_ON_SB
+#define CMI_SB_STREAM	SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK
+#define CMI_AD_STREAM	SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE
+#else
+#define CMI_SB_STREAM	SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE
+#define CMI_AD_STREAM	SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK
+#endif
+
+static int snd_cmi8330_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_cmi8330 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	/* replace the private_data and call the original open callback */
+	substream->private_data = chip->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK].private_data;
+	return chip->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK].open(substream);
+}
+
+static int snd_cmi8330_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_cmi8330 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	/* replace the private_data and call the original open callback */
+	substream->private_data = chip->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].private_data;
+	return chip->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].open(substream);
+}
+
+static int snd_cmi8330_pcm(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_cmi8330 *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	const struct snd_pcm_ops *ops;
+	int err;
+	static const snd_pcm_open_callback_t cmi_open_callbacks[2] = {
+		snd_cmi8330_playback_open,
+		snd_cmi8330_capture_open
+	};
+
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, (chip->type == CMI8329) ? "CMI8329" : "CMI8330", 0, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	strscpy(pcm->name, (chip->type == CMI8329) ? "CMI8329" : "CMI8330");
+	pcm->private_data = chip;
+	
+	/* SB16 */
+	ops = snd_sb16dsp_get_pcm_ops(CMI_SB_STREAM);
+	chip->streams[CMI_SB_STREAM].ops = *ops;
+	chip->streams[CMI_SB_STREAM].open = ops->open;
+	chip->streams[CMI_SB_STREAM].ops.open = cmi_open_callbacks[CMI_SB_STREAM];
+	chip->streams[CMI_SB_STREAM].private_data = chip->sb;
+
+	/* AD1848 */
+	ops = snd_wss_get_pcm_ops(CMI_AD_STREAM);
+	chip->streams[CMI_AD_STREAM].ops = *ops;
+	chip->streams[CMI_AD_STREAM].open = ops->open;
+	chip->streams[CMI_AD_STREAM].ops.open = cmi_open_callbacks[CMI_AD_STREAM];
+	chip->streams[CMI_AD_STREAM].private_data = chip->wss;
+
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &chip->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK].ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &chip->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].ops);
+
+	snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
+				       card->dev, 64*1024, 128*1024);
+	chip->pcm = pcm;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_cmi8330_suspend(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_cmi8330 *acard = card->private_data;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	acard->wss->suspend(acard->wss);
+	snd_sbmixer_suspend(acard->sb);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cmi8330_resume(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_cmi8330 *acard = card->private_data;
+
+	snd_sbdsp_reset(acard->sb);
+	snd_sbmixer_suspend(acard->sb);
+	acard->wss->resume(acard->wss);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+ */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+#define is_isapnp_selected(dev)		isapnp[dev]
+#else
+#define is_isapnp_selected(dev)		0
+#endif
+
+static int snd_cmi8330_card_new(struct device *pdev, int dev,
+				struct snd_card **cardp)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_cmi8330 *acard;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(pdev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_cmi8330), &card);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "could not get a new card\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	acard = card->private_data;
+	acard->card = card;
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cmi8330_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_cmi8330 *acard;
+	int i, err;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+
+	acard = card->private_data;
+	err = snd_wss_create(card, wssport[dev] + 4, -1,
+			     wssirq[dev],
+			     wssdma[dev], -1,
+			     WSS_HW_DETECT, 0, &acard->wss);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "AD1848 device busy??\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	if (acard->wss->hardware != WSS_HW_CMI8330) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "AD1848 not found during probe\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_sbdsp_create(card, sbport[dev],
+			       sbirq[dev],
+			       snd_sb16dsp_interrupt,
+			       sbdma8[dev],
+			       sbdma16[dev],
+			       SB_HW_AUTO, &acard->sb);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "SB16 device busy??\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	if (acard->sb->hardware != SB_HW_16) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "SB16 not found during probe\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	snd_wss_out(acard->wss, CS4231_MISC_INFO, 0x40); /* switch on MODE2 */
+	for (i = CMI8330_RMUX3D; i <= CMI8330_CDINGAIN; i++)
+		snd_wss_out(acard->wss, i,
+			    snd_cmi8330_image[i - CMI8330_RMUX3D]);
+
+	err = snd_cmi8330_mixer(card, acard);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "failed to create mixers\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_cmi8330_pcm(card, acard);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "failed to create pcms\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	if (fmport[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (snd_opl3_create(card,
+				    fmport[dev], fmport[dev] + 2,
+				    OPL3_HW_AUTO, 0, &opl3) < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev,
+				"no OPL device at 0x%lx-0x%lx ?\n",
+				fmport[dev], fmport[dev] + 2);
+		} else {
+			err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (mpuport[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401,
+					mpuport[dev], 0, mpuirq[dev],
+					NULL) < 0)
+			dev_err(card->dev, "no MPU-401 device at 0x%lx.\n",
+				mpuport[dev]);
+	}
+
+	strscpy(card->driver, (acard->type == CMI8329) ? "CMI8329" : "CMI8330/C3D");
+	strscpy(card->shortname, (acard->type == CMI8329) ? "C-Media CMI8329" : "C-Media CMI8330/C3D");
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d",
+		card->shortname,
+		acard->wss->port,
+		wssirq[dev],
+		wssdma[dev]);
+
+	return snd_card_register(card);
+}
+
+static int snd_cmi8330_isa_match(struct device *pdev,
+				 unsigned int dev)
+{
+	if (!enable[dev] || is_isapnp_selected(dev))
+		return 0;
+	if (wssport[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "specify wssport\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (sbport[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "specify sbport\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_cmi8330_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
+				 unsigned int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_cmi8330_card_new(pdev, dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_cmi8330_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_cmi8330_isa_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+				   pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_cmi8330_suspend(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+
+static int snd_cmi8330_isa_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	return snd_cmi8330_resume(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+#endif
+
+#define DEV_NAME	"cmi8330"
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_cmi8330_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_cmi8330_isa_match,
+	.probe		= snd_cmi8330_isa_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_cmi8330_isa_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_cmi8330_isa_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	},
+};
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int snd_cmi8330_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				  const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int res;
+
+	for ( ; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (enable[dev] && isapnp[dev])
+			break;
+	}
+	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+			       
+	res = snd_cmi8330_card_new(&pcard->card->dev, dev, &card);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+	res = snd_cmi8330_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid);
+	if (res < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "PnP detection failed\n");
+		return res;
+	}
+	res = snd_cmi8330_probe(card, dev);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_cmi8330_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_cmi8330_suspend(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+
+static int snd_cmi8330_pnp_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	return snd_cmi8330_resume(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver cmi8330_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags = PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
+	.name = "cmi8330",
+	.id_table = snd_cmi8330_pnpids,
+	.probe = snd_cmi8330_pnp_detect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_cmi8330_pnp_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_cmi8330_pnp_resume,
+#endif
+};
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static int __init alsa_card_cmi8330_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = isa_register_driver(&snd_cmi8330_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (!err)
+		isa_registered = 1;
+
+	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&cmi8330_pnpc_driver);
+	if (!err)
+		pnp_registered = 1;
+
+	if (isa_registered)
+		err = 0;
+#endif
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_card_cmi8330_exit(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (pnp_registered)
+		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&cmi8330_pnpc_driver);
+
+	if (isa_registered)
+#endif
+		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_cmi8330_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_card_cmi8330_init)
+module_exit(alsa_card_cmi8330_exit)
diff --git a/sound/isa/cs423x/Makefile b/sound/isa/cs423x/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..013a777d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/cs423x/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+#
+# Makefile for ALSA
+# Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+#
+
+snd-cs4231-y := cs4231.o
+snd-cs4236-y := cs4236.o cs4236_lib.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_CS4231) += snd-cs4231.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_CS4236) += snd-cs4236.o
+
+
diff --git a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4231.c b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4231.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c87be4be6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4231.c
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Generic driver for CS4231 chips
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Originally the CS4232/CS4232A driver, modified for use on CS4231 by
+ *  Tugrul Galatali <galatalt@stuy.edu>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+#define CRD_NAME "Generic CS4231"
+#define DEV_NAME "cs4231"
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION(CRD_NAME);
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;	/* Enable this card */
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5,7,9,11,12,15 */
+static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 9,11,12,15 */
+static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0,1,3,5,6,7 */
+static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0,1,3,5,6,7 */
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_port, "MPU-401 port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_irq, "MPU-401 IRQ # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma1, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "DMA1 # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma2, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "DMA2 # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+
+static int snd_cs4231_match(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	if (!enable[n])
+		return 0;
+
+	if (port[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(dev, "please specify port\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (irq[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		dev_err(dev, "please specify irq\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (dma1[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dev_err(dev, "please specify dma1\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4231_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+	int error;
+
+	error = snd_devm_card_new(dev, index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0, &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_wss_create(card, port[n], -1, irq[n], dma1[n], dma2[n],
+			WSS_HW_DETECT, 0, &chip);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	card->private_data = chip;
+
+	error = snd_wss_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	strscpy(card->driver, "CS4231", sizeof(card->driver));
+	strscpy(card->shortname, chip->pcm->name, sizeof(card->shortname));
+
+	if (dma2[n] < 0)
+		scnprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
+			  "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d",
+			  chip->pcm->name, chip->port, irq[n], dma1[n]);
+	else
+		scnprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
+			  "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d&%d",
+			  chip->pcm->name, chip->port, irq[n], dma1[n], dma2[n]);
+
+	error = snd_wss_mixer(chip);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_wss_timer(chip, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	if (mpu_port[n] > 0 && mpu_port[n] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (mpu_irq[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ)
+			mpu_irq[n] = -1;
+		if (snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_CS4232,
+					mpu_port[n], 0, mpu_irq[n],
+					NULL) < 0)
+			dev_warn(dev, "MPU401 not detected\n");
+	}
+
+	error = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(dev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_cs4231_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct snd_wss *chip = card->private_data;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	chip->suspend(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4231_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct snd_wss *chip = card->private_data;
+
+	chip->resume(chip);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_cs4231_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_cs4231_match,
+	.probe		= snd_cs4231_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_cs4231_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_cs4231_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	}
+};
+
+module_isa_driver(snd_cs4231_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
diff --git a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236.c b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ecce31b34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236.c
@@ -0,0 +1,650 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Driver for generic CS4232/CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/CS4238B/CS4239 chips
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/pnp.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Cirrus Logic CS4232-9");
+MODULE_ALIAS("snd_cs4232");
+
+#define IDENT "CS4232+"
+#define DEV_NAME "cs4232+"
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_ISAPNP; /* Enable this card */
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static bool isapnp[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 1};
+#endif
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static long cport[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;/* PnP setup */
+static long fm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static long sb_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5,7,9,11,12,15 */
+static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 9,11,12,15 */
+static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0,1,3,5,6,7 */
+static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0,1,3,5,6,7 */
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for " IDENT " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for " IDENT " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable " IDENT " soundcard.");
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+module_param_array(isapnp, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(isapnp, "ISA PnP detection for specified soundcard.");
+#endif
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for " IDENT " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(cport, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(cport, "Control port # for " IDENT " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_port, "MPU-401 port # for " IDENT " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(fm_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fm_port, "FM port # for " IDENT " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(sb_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(sb_port, "SB port # for " IDENT " driver (optional).");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for " IDENT " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_irq, "MPU-401 IRQ # for " IDENT " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma1, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "DMA1 # for " IDENT " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma2, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "DMA2 # for " IDENT " driver.");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int isa_registered __ro_after_init;
+static int pnpc_registered __ro_after_init;
+static int pnp_registered __ro_after_init;
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+struct snd_card_cs4236 {
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	struct pnp_dev *wss;
+	struct pnp_dev *ctrl;
+	struct pnp_dev *mpu;
+#endif
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+
+/*
+ * PNP BIOS
+ */
+static const struct pnp_device_id snd_cs423x_pnpbiosids[] = {
+	{ .id = "CSC0100" },
+	{ .id = "CSC0000" },
+	/* Guillemot Turtlebeach something appears to be cs4232 compatible
+	 * (untested) */
+	{ .id = "GIM0100" },
+	{ }
+};
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp, snd_cs423x_pnpbiosids);
+
+#define CS423X_ISAPNP_DRIVER	"cs4232_isapnp"
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id snd_cs423x_pnpids[] = {
+	/* Philips PCA70PS */
+	{ .id = "CSC0d32", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "PNPb006" } } },
+	/* TerraTec Maestro 32/96 (CS4232) */
+	{ .id = "CSC1a32", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* HP Omnibook 5500 onboard */
+	{ .id = "CSC4232", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0002" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* Unnamed CS4236 card (Made in Taiwan) */
+	{ .id = "CSC4236", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* Turtle Beach TBS-2000 (CS4232) */
+	{ .id = "CSC7532", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSCb006" } } },
+	/* Turtle Beach Tropez Plus (CS4232) */
+	{ .id = "CSC7632", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "PNPb006" } } },
+	/* SIC CrystalWave 32 (CS4232) */
+	{ .id = "CSCf032", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* Netfinity 3000 on-board soundcard */
+	{ .id = "CSCe825", .devs = { { "CSC0100" }, { "CSC0110" }, { "CSC010f" } } },
+	/* Intel Marlin Spike Motherboard - CS4235 */
+	{ .id = "CSC0225", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* Intel Marlin Spike Motherboard (#2) - CS4235 */
+	{ .id = "CSC0225", .devs = { { "CSC0100" }, { "CSC0110" }, { "CSC0103" } } },
+	/* Unknown Intel mainboard - CS4235 */
+	{ .id = "CSC0225", .devs = { { "CSC0100" }, { "CSC0110" } } },
+	/* Genius Sound Maker 3DJ - CS4237B */
+	{ .id = "CSC0437", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* Digital PC 5000 Onboard - CS4236B */
+	{ .id = "CSC0735", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" } } },
+	/* some unknown CS4236B */
+	{ .id = "CSC0b35", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* Intel PR440FX Onboard sound */
+	{ .id = "CSC0b36", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* CS4235 on mainboard without MPU */
+	{ .id = "CSC1425", .devs = { { "CSC0100" }, { "CSC0110" } } },
+	/* Gateway E1000 Onboard CS4236B */
+	{ .id = "CSC1335", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* HP 6330 Onboard sound */
+	{ .id = "CSC1525", .devs = { { "CSC0100" }, { "CSC0110" }, { "CSC0103" } } },
+	/* Crystal Computer TidalWave128 */
+	{ .id = "CSC1e37", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* ACER AW37 - CS4235 */
+	{ .id = "CSC4236", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* build-in soundcard in EliteGroup P5TX-LA motherboard - CS4237B */
+	{ .id = "CSC4237", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* Crystal 3D - CS4237B */
+	{ .id = "CSC4336", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* Typhoon Soundsystem PnP - CS4236B */
+	{ .id = "CSC4536", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* Crystal CX4235-XQ3 EP - CS4235 */
+	{ .id = "CSC4625", .devs = { { "CSC0100" }, { "CSC0110" }, { "CSC0103" } } },
+	/* Crystal Semiconductors CS4237B */
+	{ .id = "CSC4637", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* NewClear 3D - CX4237B-XQ3 */
+	{ .id = "CSC4837", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* Dell Optiplex GX1 - CS4236B */
+	{ .id = "CSC6835", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* Dell P410 motherboard - CS4236B */
+	{ .id = "CSC6835", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" } } },
+	/* Dell Workstation 400 Onboard - CS4236B */
+	{ .id = "CSC6836", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* Turtle Beach Malibu - CS4237B */
+	{ .id = "CSC7537", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* CS4235 - onboard */
+	{ .id = "CSC8025", .devs = { { "CSC0100" }, { "CSC0110" }, { "CSC0103" } } },
+	/* IBM Aptiva 2137 E24 Onboard - CS4237B */
+	{ .id = "CSC8037", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* IBM IntelliStation M Pro motherboard */
+	{ .id = "CSCc835", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" } } },
+	/* Guillemot MaxiSound 16 PnP - CS4236B */
+	{ .id = "CSC9836", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* Gallant SC-70P */
+	{ .id = "CSC9837", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* Techmakers MF-4236PW */
+	{ .id = "CSCa736", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* TerraTec AudioSystem EWS64XL - CS4236B */
+	{ .id = "CSCa836", .devs = { { "CSCa800" }, { "CSCa810" }, { "CSCa803" } } },
+	/* TerraTec AudioSystem EWS64XL - CS4236B */
+	{ .id = "CSCa836", .devs = { { "CSCa800" }, { "CSCa810" } } },
+	/* ACER AW37/Pro - CS4235 */
+	{ .id = "CSCd925", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* ACER AW35/Pro - CS4237B */
+	{ .id = "CSCd937", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* CS4235 without MPU401 */
+	{ .id = "CSCe825", .devs = { { "CSC0100" }, { "CSC0110" } } },
+	/* Unknown SiS530 - CS4235 */
+	{ .id = "CSC4825", .devs = { { "CSC0100" }, { "CSC0110" } } },
+	/* IBM IntelliStation M Pro 6898 11U - CS4236B */
+	{ .id = "CSCe835", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" } } },
+	/* IBM PC 300PL Onboard - CS4236B */
+	{ .id = "CSCe836", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" } } },
+	/* Some noname CS4236 based card */
+	{ .id = "CSCe936", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* CS4236B */
+	{ .id = "CSCf235", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* CS4236B */
+	{ .id = "CSCf238", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "CSC0003" } } },
+	/* --- */
+	{ .id = "" }	/* end */
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_cs423x_pnpids);
+
+/* WSS initialization */
+static int snd_cs423x_pnp_init_wss(int dev, struct pnp_dev *pdev)
+{
+	if (pnp_activate_dev(pdev) < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, IDENT " WSS PnP configure failed for WSS (out of resources?)\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	if (fm_port[dev] > 0)
+		fm_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1);
+	sb_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 2);
+	irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+	dma1[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	dma2[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 1) == 4 ? -1 : (int)pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
+	dev_dbg(&pdev->dev,
+		"isapnp WSS: wss port=0x%lx, fm port=0x%lx, sb port=0x%lx\n",
+		port[dev], fm_port[dev], sb_port[dev]);
+	dev_dbg(&pdev->dev,
+		"isapnp WSS: irq=%i, dma1=%i, dma2=%i\n",
+		irq[dev], dma1[dev], dma2[dev]);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* CTRL initialization */
+static int snd_cs423x_pnp_init_ctrl(int dev, struct pnp_dev *pdev)
+{
+	if (pnp_activate_dev(pdev) < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, IDENT " CTRL PnP configure failed for WSS (out of resources?)\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	cport[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	dev_dbg(&pdev->dev, "isapnp CTRL: control port=0x%lx\n", cport[dev]);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* MPU initialization */
+static int snd_cs423x_pnp_init_mpu(int dev, struct pnp_dev *pdev)
+{
+	if (pnp_activate_dev(pdev) < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, IDENT " MPU401 PnP configure failed for WSS (out of resources?)\n");
+		mpu_port[dev] = SNDRV_AUTO_PORT;
+		mpu_irq[dev] = SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ;
+	} else {
+		mpu_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+		if (mpu_irq[dev] >= 0 &&
+		    pnp_irq_valid(pdev, 0) &&
+		    pnp_irq(pdev, 0) != (resource_size_t)-1) {
+			mpu_irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+		} else {
+			mpu_irq[dev] = -1;	/* disable interrupt */
+		}
+	}
+	dev_dbg(&pdev->dev, "isapnp MPU: port=0x%lx, irq=%i\n", mpu_port[dev], mpu_irq[dev]);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_card_cs423x_pnp(int dev, struct snd_card_cs4236 *acard,
+			       struct pnp_dev *pdev,
+			       struct pnp_dev *cdev)
+{
+	acard->wss = pdev;
+	if (snd_cs423x_pnp_init_wss(dev, acard->wss) < 0)
+		return -EBUSY;
+	if (cdev)
+		cport[dev] = pnp_port_start(cdev, 0);
+	else
+		cport[dev] = -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_card_cs423x_pnpc(int dev, struct snd_card_cs4236 *acard,
+				struct pnp_card_link *card,
+				const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
+{
+	acard->wss = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (acard->wss == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+	acard->ctrl = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[1].id, NULL);
+	if (acard->ctrl == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+	if (id->devs[2].id[0]) {
+		acard->mpu = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[2].id, NULL);
+		if (acard->mpu == NULL)
+			return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	/* WSS initialization */
+	if (snd_cs423x_pnp_init_wss(dev, acard->wss) < 0)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	/* CTRL initialization */
+	if (acard->ctrl && cport[dev] > 0) {
+		if (snd_cs423x_pnp_init_ctrl(dev, acard->ctrl) < 0)
+			return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	/* MPU initialization */
+	if (acard->mpu && mpu_port[dev] > 0) {
+		if (snd_cs423x_pnp_init_mpu(dev, acard->mpu) < 0)
+			return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+#define is_isapnp_selected(dev)		isapnp[dev]
+#else
+#define is_isapnp_selected(dev)		0
+#endif
+
+static int snd_cs423x_card_new(struct device *pdev, int dev,
+			       struct snd_card **cardp)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(pdev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_card_cs4236), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs423x_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card_cs4236 *acard;
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+	int err;
+
+	acard = card->private_data;
+	if (sb_port[dev] > 0 && sb_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (!devm_request_region(card->dev, sb_port[dev], 16,
+					 IDENT " SB")) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, IDENT ": unable to register SB port at 0x%lx\n",
+				sb_port[dev]);
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = snd_cs4236_create(card, port[dev], cport[dev],
+			     irq[dev],
+			     dma1[dev], dma2[dev],
+			     WSS_HW_DETECT3, 0, &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	acard->chip = chip;
+	if (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_CS4236B_MASK) {
+
+		err = snd_cs4236_pcm(chip, 0);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+
+		err = snd_cs4236_mixer(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	} else {
+		err = snd_wss_pcm(chip, 0);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+
+		err = snd_wss_mixer(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	strscpy(card->driver, chip->pcm->name, sizeof(card->driver));
+	strscpy(card->shortname, chip->pcm->name, sizeof(card->shortname));
+	if (dma2[dev] < 0)
+		scnprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
+			  "%s at 0x%lx, irq %i, dma %i",
+			  chip->pcm->name, chip->port, irq[dev], dma1[dev]);
+	else
+		scnprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
+			  "%s at 0x%lx, irq %i, dma %i&%d",
+			  chip->pcm->name, chip->port, irq[dev], dma1[dev],
+			  dma2[dev]);
+
+	err = snd_wss_timer(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (fm_port[dev] > 0 && fm_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (snd_opl3_create(card,
+				    fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2,
+				    OPL3_HW_OPL3_CS, 0, &opl3) < 0) {
+			dev_warn(card->dev, IDENT ": OPL3 not detected\n");
+		} else {
+			err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (mpu_port[dev] > 0 && mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (mpu_irq[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ)
+			mpu_irq[dev] = -1;
+		if (snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_CS4232,
+					mpu_port[dev], 0,
+					mpu_irq[dev], NULL) < 0)
+			dev_warn(card->dev, IDENT ": MPU401 not detected\n");
+	}
+
+	return snd_card_register(card);
+}
+
+static int snd_cs423x_isa_match(struct device *pdev,
+				unsigned int dev)
+{
+	if (!enable[dev] || is_isapnp_selected(dev))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "please specify port\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (cport[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "please specify cport\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (irq[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "please specify irq\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (dma1[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "please specify dma1\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs423x_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
+				unsigned int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_cs423x_card_new(pdev, dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_cs423x_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_cs423x_suspend(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_card_cs4236 *acard = card->private_data;
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	acard->chip->suspend(acard->chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs423x_resume(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_card_cs4236 *acard = card->private_data;
+	acard->chip->resume(acard->chip);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs423x_isa_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+				  pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_cs423x_suspend(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+
+static int snd_cs423x_isa_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	return snd_cs423x_resume(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct isa_driver cs423x_isa_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_cs423x_isa_match,
+	.probe		= snd_cs423x_isa_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_cs423x_isa_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_cs423x_isa_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	},
+};
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int snd_cs423x_pnpbios_detect(struct pnp_dev *pdev,
+				     const struct pnp_device_id *id)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	int err;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct pnp_dev *cdev, *iter;
+	char cid[PNP_ID_LEN];
+
+	if (pnp_device_is_isapnp(pdev))
+		return -ENOENT;	/* we have another procedure - card */
+	for (; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (enable[dev] && isapnp[dev])
+			break;
+	}
+	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	/* prepare second id */
+	strscpy(cid, pdev->id[0].id);
+	cid[5] = '1';
+	cdev = NULL;
+	list_for_each_entry(iter, &(pdev->protocol->devices), protocol_list) {
+		if (!strcmp(iter->id[0].id, cid)) {
+			cdev = iter;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	err = snd_cs423x_card_new(&pdev->dev, dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_card_cs423x_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev, cdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "PnP BIOS detection failed for " IDENT "\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	err = snd_cs423x_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pnp_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_cs423x_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_dev *pdev, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_cs423x_suspend(pnp_get_drvdata(pdev));
+}
+
+static int snd_cs423x_pnp_resume(struct pnp_dev *pdev)
+{
+	return snd_cs423x_resume(pnp_get_drvdata(pdev));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_driver cs423x_pnp_driver = {
+	.name = "cs423x-pnpbios",
+	.id_table = snd_cs423x_pnpbiosids,
+	.probe = snd_cs423x_pnpbios_detect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_cs423x_pnp_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_cs423x_pnp_resume,
+#endif
+};
+
+static int snd_cs423x_pnpc_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				  const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int res;
+
+	for ( ; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (enable[dev] && isapnp[dev])
+			break;
+	}
+	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	res = snd_cs423x_card_new(&pcard->card->dev, dev, &card);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+	res = snd_card_cs423x_pnpc(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid);
+	if (res < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "isapnp detection failed and probing for " IDENT
+		       " is not supported\n");
+		return res;
+	}
+	res = snd_cs423x_probe(card, dev);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_cs423x_pnpc_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_cs423x_suspend(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+
+static int snd_cs423x_pnpc_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	return snd_cs423x_resume(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver cs423x_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags = PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
+	.name = CS423X_ISAPNP_DRIVER,
+	.id_table = snd_cs423x_pnpids,
+	.probe = snd_cs423x_pnpc_detect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_cs423x_pnpc_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_cs423x_pnpc_resume,
+#endif
+};
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static int __init alsa_card_cs423x_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = isa_register_driver(&cs423x_isa_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (!err)
+		isa_registered = 1;
+	err = pnp_register_driver(&cs423x_pnp_driver);
+	if (!err)
+		pnp_registered = 1;
+	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&cs423x_pnpc_driver);
+	if (!err)
+		pnpc_registered = 1;
+	if (pnp_registered)
+		err = 0;
+	if (isa_registered)
+		err = 0;
+#endif
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_card_cs423x_exit(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (pnpc_registered)
+		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&cs423x_pnpc_driver);
+	if (pnp_registered)
+		pnp_unregister_driver(&cs423x_pnp_driver);
+	if (isa_registered)
+#endif
+		isa_unregister_driver(&cs423x_isa_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_card_cs423x_init)
+module_exit(alsa_card_cs423x_exit)
diff --git a/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236_lib.c b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236_lib.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e2c29e831
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/cs423x/cs4236_lib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1039 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Routines for control of CS4235/4236B/4237B/4238B/4239 chips
+ *
+ *  Note:
+ *     -----
+ *
+ *  Bugs:
+ *     -----
+ */
+
+/*
+ *  Indirect control registers (CS4236B+)
+ * 
+ *  C0
+ *     D8: WSS reset (all chips)
+ *
+ *  C1 (all chips except CS4236)
+ *     D7-D5: version 
+ *     D4-D0: chip id
+ *             11101 - CS4235
+ *             01011 - CS4236B
+ *             01000 - CS4237B
+ *             01001 - CS4238B
+ *             11110 - CS4239
+ *
+ *  C2
+ *     D7-D4: 3D Space (CS4235,CS4237B,CS4238B,CS4239)
+ *     D3-D0: 3D Center (CS4237B); 3D Volume (CS4238B)
+ * 
+ *  C3
+ *     D7: 3D Enable (CS4237B)
+ *     D6: 3D Mono Enable (CS4237B)
+ *     D5: 3D Serial Output (CS4237B,CS4238B)
+ *     D4: 3D Enable (CS4235,CS4238B,CS4239)
+ *
+ *  C4
+ *     D7: consumer serial port enable (CS4237B,CS4238B)
+ *     D6: channels status block reset (CS4237B,CS4238B)
+ *     D5: user bit in sub-frame of digital audio data (CS4237B,CS4238B)
+ *     D4: validity bit in sub-frame of digital audio data (CS4237B,CS4238B)
+ * 
+ *  C5  lower channel status (digital serial data description) (CS4237B,CS4238B)
+ *     D7-D6: first two bits of category code
+ *     D5: lock
+ *     D4-D3: pre-emphasis (0 = none, 1 = 50/15us)
+ *     D2: copy/copyright (0 = copy inhibited)
+ *     D1: 0 = digital audio / 1 = non-digital audio
+ *     
+ *  C6  upper channel status (digital serial data description) (CS4237B,CS4238B)
+ *     D7-D6: sample frequency (0 = 44.1kHz)
+ *     D5: generation status (0 = no indication, 1 = original/commercially precaptureed data)
+ *     D4-D0: category code (upper bits)
+ *
+ *  C7  reserved (must write 0)
+ *
+ *  C8  wavetable control
+ *     D7: volume control interrupt enable (CS4235,CS4239)
+ *     D6: hardware volume control format (CS4235,CS4239)
+ *     D3: wavetable serial port enable (all chips)
+ *     D2: DSP serial port switch (all chips)
+ *     D1: disable MCLK (all chips)
+ *     D0: force BRESET low (all chips)
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/asoundef.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/tlv.h>
+
+/*
+ *
+ */
+
+static const unsigned char snd_cs4236_ext_map[18] = {
+	/* CS4236_LEFT_LINE */		0xff,
+	/* CS4236_RIGHT_LINE */		0xff,
+	/* CS4236_LEFT_MIC */		0xdf,
+	/* CS4236_RIGHT_MIC */		0xdf,
+	/* CS4236_LEFT_MIX_CTRL */	0xe0 | 0x18,
+	/* CS4236_RIGHT_MIX_CTRL */	0xe0,
+	/* CS4236_LEFT_FM */		0xbf,
+	/* CS4236_RIGHT_FM */		0xbf,
+	/* CS4236_LEFT_DSP */		0xbf,
+	/* CS4236_RIGHT_DSP */		0xbf,
+	/* CS4236_RIGHT_LOOPBACK */	0xbf,
+	/* CS4236_DAC_MUTE */		0xe0,
+	/* CS4236_ADC_RATE */		0x01,	/* 48kHz */
+	/* CS4236_DAC_RATE */		0x01,	/* 48kHz */
+	/* CS4236_LEFT_MASTER */	0xbf,
+	/* CS4236_RIGHT_MASTER */	0xbf,
+	/* CS4236_LEFT_WAVE */		0xbf,
+	/* CS4236_RIGHT_WAVE */		0xbf
+};
+
+/*
+ *
+ */
+
+static void snd_cs4236_ctrl_out(struct snd_wss *chip,
+				unsigned char reg, unsigned char val)
+{
+	outb(reg, chip->cport + 3);
+	outb(chip->cimage[reg] = val, chip->cport + 4);
+}
+
+static unsigned char snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	outb(reg, chip->cport + 3);
+	return inb(chip->cport + 4);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  PCM
+ */
+
+#define CLOCKS 8
+
+static const struct snd_ratnum clocks[CLOCKS] = {
+	{ .num = 16934400, .den_min = 353, .den_max = 353, .den_step = 1 },
+	{ .num = 16934400, .den_min = 529, .den_max = 529, .den_step = 1 },
+	{ .num = 16934400, .den_min = 617, .den_max = 617, .den_step = 1 },
+	{ .num = 16934400, .den_min = 1058, .den_max = 1058, .den_step = 1 },
+	{ .num = 16934400, .den_min = 1764, .den_max = 1764, .den_step = 1 },
+	{ .num = 16934400, .den_min = 2117, .den_max = 2117, .den_step = 1 },
+	{ .num = 16934400, .den_min = 2558, .den_max = 2558, .den_step = 1 },
+	{ .num = 16934400/16, .den_min = 21, .den_max = 192, .den_step = 1 }
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums hw_constraints_clocks = {
+	.nrats = CLOCKS,
+	.rats = clocks,
+};
+
+static int snd_cs4236_xrate(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	return snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+					     &hw_constraints_clocks);
+}
+
+static unsigned char divisor_to_rate_register(unsigned int divisor)
+{
+	switch (divisor) {
+	case 353:	return 1;
+	case 529:	return 2;
+	case 617:	return 3;
+	case 1058:	return 4;
+	case 1764:	return 5;
+	case 2117:	return 6;
+	case 2558:	return 7;
+	default:
+		if (divisor < 21 || divisor > 192) {
+			snd_BUG();
+			return 192;
+		}
+		return divisor;
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_cs4236_playback_format(struct snd_wss *chip,
+				       struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+				       unsigned char pdfr)
+{
+	unsigned char rate = divisor_to_rate_register(params->rate_den);
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	/* set fast playback format change and clean playback FIFO */
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1,
+		    chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] | 0x10);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT, pdfr & 0xf0);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1,
+		    chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] & ~0x10);
+	snd_cs4236_ext_out(chip, CS4236_DAC_RATE, rate);
+}
+
+static void snd_cs4236_capture_format(struct snd_wss *chip,
+				      struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+				      unsigned char cdfr)
+{
+	unsigned char rate = divisor_to_rate_register(params->rate_den);
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	/* set fast capture format change and clean capture FIFO */
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1,
+		    chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] | 0x20);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_REC_FORMAT, cdfr & 0xf0);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1,
+		    chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] & ~0x20);
+	snd_cs4236_ext_out(chip, CS4236_ADC_RATE, rate);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+
+static void snd_cs4236_suspend(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	int reg;
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	for (reg = 0; reg < 32; reg++)
+		chip->image[reg] = snd_wss_in(chip, reg);
+	for (reg = 0; reg < 18; reg++)
+		chip->eimage[reg] = snd_cs4236_ext_in(chip, CS4236_I23VAL(reg));
+	for (reg = 2; reg < 9; reg++)
+		chip->cimage[reg] = snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, reg);
+}
+
+static void snd_cs4236_resume(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	int reg;
+	
+	snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		for (reg = 0; reg < 32; reg++) {
+			switch (reg) {
+			case CS4236_EXT_REG:
+			case CS4231_VERSION:
+			case 27:	/* why? CS4235 - master left */
+			case 29:	/* why? CS4235 - master right */
+				break;
+			default:
+				snd_wss_out(chip, reg, chip->image[reg]);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		for (reg = 0; reg < 18; reg++)
+			snd_cs4236_ext_out(chip, CS4236_I23VAL(reg), chip->eimage[reg]);
+		for (reg = 2; reg < 9; reg++) {
+			switch (reg) {
+			case 7:
+				break;
+			default:
+				snd_cs4236_ctrl_out(chip, reg, chip->cimage[reg]);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+}
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PM */
+/*
+ * This function does no fail if the chip is not CS4236B or compatible.
+ * It just an equivalent to the snd_wss_create() then.
+ */
+int snd_cs4236_create(struct snd_card *card,
+		      unsigned long port,
+		      unsigned long cport,
+		      int irq, int dma1, int dma2,
+		      unsigned short hardware,
+		      unsigned short hwshare,
+		      struct snd_wss **rchip)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+	unsigned char ver1, ver2;
+	unsigned int reg;
+	int err;
+
+	*rchip = NULL;
+	if (hardware == WSS_HW_DETECT)
+		hardware = WSS_HW_DETECT3;
+
+	err = snd_wss_create(card, port, cport,
+			     irq, dma1, dma2, hardware, hwshare, &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if ((chip->hardware & WSS_HW_CS4236B_MASK) == 0) {
+		dev_dbg(card->dev, "chip is not CS4236+, hardware=0x%x\n",
+			chip->hardware);
+		*rchip = chip;
+		return 0;
+	}
+#if 0
+	{
+		int idx;
+		for (idx = 0; idx < 8; idx++)
+			dev_dbg(card->dev, "CD%i = 0x%x\n",
+				idx, inb(chip->cport + idx));
+		for (idx = 0; idx < 9; idx++)
+			dev_dbg(card->dev, "C%i = 0x%x\n",
+				idx, snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, idx));
+	}
+#endif
+	if (cport < 0x100 || cport == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "please, specify control port for CS4236+ chips\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	ver1 = snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 1);
+	ver2 = snd_cs4236_ext_in(chip, CS4236_VERSION);
+	dev_dbg(card->dev, "CS4236: [0x%lx] C1 (version) = 0x%x, ext = 0x%x\n",
+		cport, ver1, ver2);
+	if (ver1 != ver2) {
+		dev_err(card->dev,
+			"CS4236+ chip detected, but control port 0x%lx is not valid\n",
+			cport);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	snd_cs4236_ctrl_out(chip, 0, 0x00);
+	snd_cs4236_ctrl_out(chip, 2, 0xff);
+	snd_cs4236_ctrl_out(chip, 3, 0x00);
+	snd_cs4236_ctrl_out(chip, 4, 0x80);
+	reg = ((IEC958_AES1_CON_PCM_CODER & 3) << 6) |
+	      IEC958_AES0_CON_EMPHASIS_NONE;
+	snd_cs4236_ctrl_out(chip, 5, reg);
+	snd_cs4236_ctrl_out(chip, 6, IEC958_AES1_CON_PCM_CODER >> 2);
+	snd_cs4236_ctrl_out(chip, 7, 0x00);
+	/*
+	 * 0x8c for C8 is valid for Turtle Beach Malibu - the IEC-958
+	 * output is working with this setup, other hardware should
+	 * have different signal paths and this value should be
+	 * selectable in the future
+	 */
+	snd_cs4236_ctrl_out(chip, 8, 0x8c);
+	chip->rate_constraint = snd_cs4236_xrate;
+	chip->set_playback_format = snd_cs4236_playback_format;
+	chip->set_capture_format = snd_cs4236_capture_format;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	chip->suspend = snd_cs4236_suspend;
+	chip->resume = snd_cs4236_resume;
+#endif
+
+	/* initialize extended registers */
+	for (reg = 0; reg < sizeof(snd_cs4236_ext_map); reg++)
+		snd_cs4236_ext_out(chip, CS4236_I23VAL(reg),
+				   snd_cs4236_ext_map[reg]);
+
+	/* initialize compatible but more featured registers */
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_LEFT_INPUT, 0x40);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT, 0x40);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT, 0xff);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_AUX1_RIGHT_INPUT, 0xff);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT, 0xdf);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT, 0xdf);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN, 0xff);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_LEFT_LINE_IN, 0xff);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN, 0xff);
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case WSS_HW_CS4235:
+	case WSS_HW_CS4239:
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4235_LEFT_MASTER, 0xff);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4235_RIGHT_MASTER, 0xff);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	*rchip = chip;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_cs4236_pcm(struct snd_wss *chip, int device)
+{
+	int err;
+	
+	err = snd_wss_pcm(chip, device);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	chip->pcm->info_flags &= ~SNDRV_PCM_INFO_JOINT_DUPLEX;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  MIXER
+ */
+
+#define CS4236_SINGLE(xname, xindex, reg, shift, mask, invert) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_cs4236_info_single, \
+  .get = snd_cs4236_get_single, .put = snd_cs4236_put_single, \
+  .private_value = reg | (shift << 8) | (mask << 16) | (invert << 24) }
+
+#define CS4236_SINGLE_TLV(xname, xindex, reg, shift, mask, invert, xtlv) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ, \
+  .info = snd_cs4236_info_single, \
+  .get = snd_cs4236_get_single, .put = snd_cs4236_put_single, \
+  .private_value = reg | (shift << 8) | (mask << 16) | (invert << 24), \
+  .tlv = { .p = (xtlv) } }
+
+static int snd_cs4236_info_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+
+	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4236_get_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(reg)] >> shift) & mask;
+	if (invert)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4236_put_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int change;
+	unsigned short val;
+	
+	val = (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask);
+	if (invert)
+		val = mask - val;
+	val <<= shift;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	val = (chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(reg)] & ~(mask << shift)) | val;
+	change = val != chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(reg)];
+	snd_cs4236_ext_out(chip, reg, val);
+	return change;
+}
+
+#define CS4236_SINGLEC(xname, xindex, reg, shift, mask, invert) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_cs4236_info_single, \
+  .get = snd_cs4236_get_singlec, .put = snd_cs4236_put_singlec, \
+  .private_value = reg | (shift << 8) | (mask << 16) | (invert << 24) }
+
+static int snd_cs4236_get_singlec(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (chip->cimage[reg] >> shift) & mask;
+	if (invert)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4236_put_singlec(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int change;
+	unsigned short val;
+	
+	val = (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask);
+	if (invert)
+		val = mask - val;
+	val <<= shift;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	val = (chip->cimage[reg] & ~(mask << shift)) | val;
+	change = val != chip->cimage[reg];
+	snd_cs4236_ctrl_out(chip, reg, val);
+	return change;
+}
+
+#define CS4236_DOUBLE(xname, xindex, left_reg, right_reg, shift_left, shift_right, mask, invert) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_cs4236_info_double, \
+  .get = snd_cs4236_get_double, .put = snd_cs4236_put_double, \
+  .private_value = left_reg | (right_reg << 8) | (shift_left << 16) | (shift_right << 19) | (mask << 24) | (invert << 22) }
+
+#define CS4236_DOUBLE_TLV(xname, xindex, left_reg, right_reg, shift_left, \
+			  shift_right, mask, invert, xtlv) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ, \
+  .info = snd_cs4236_info_double, \
+  .get = snd_cs4236_get_double, .put = snd_cs4236_put_double, \
+  .private_value = left_reg | (right_reg << 8) | (shift_left << 16) | \
+		   (shift_right << 19) | (mask << 24) | (invert << 22), \
+  .tlv = { .p = (xtlv) } }
+
+static int snd_cs4236_info_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+
+	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4236_get_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 22) & 1;
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(left_reg)] >> shift_left) & mask;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = (chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(right_reg)] >> shift_right) & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[1];
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4236_put_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 22) & 1;
+	int change;
+	unsigned short val1, val2;
+	
+	val1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask;
+	val2 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		val1 = mask - val1;
+		val2 = mask - val2;
+	}
+	val1 <<= shift_left;
+	val2 <<= shift_right;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	if (left_reg != right_reg) {
+		val1 = (chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(left_reg)] & ~(mask << shift_left)) | val1;
+		val2 = (chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(right_reg)] & ~(mask << shift_right)) | val2;
+		change = val1 != chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(left_reg)] || val2 != chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(right_reg)];
+		snd_cs4236_ext_out(chip, left_reg, val1);
+		snd_cs4236_ext_out(chip, right_reg, val2);
+	} else {
+		val1 = (chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(left_reg)] & ~((mask << shift_left) | (mask << shift_right))) | val1 | val2;
+		change = val1 != chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(left_reg)];
+		snd_cs4236_ext_out(chip, left_reg, val1);
+	}
+	return change;
+}
+
+#define CS4236_DOUBLE1(xname, xindex, left_reg, right_reg, shift_left, \
+			shift_right, mask, invert) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_cs4236_info_double, \
+  .get = snd_cs4236_get_double1, .put = snd_cs4236_put_double1, \
+  .private_value = left_reg | (right_reg << 8) | (shift_left << 16) | (shift_right << 19) | (mask << 24) | (invert << 22) }
+
+#define CS4236_DOUBLE1_TLV(xname, xindex, left_reg, right_reg, shift_left, \
+			   shift_right, mask, invert, xtlv) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ, \
+  .info = snd_cs4236_info_double, \
+  .get = snd_cs4236_get_double1, .put = snd_cs4236_put_double1, \
+  .private_value = left_reg | (right_reg << 8) | (shift_left << 16) | \
+		   (shift_right << 19) | (mask << 24) | (invert << 22), \
+  .tlv = { .p = (xtlv) } }
+
+static int snd_cs4236_get_double1(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 22) & 1;
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (chip->image[left_reg] >> shift_left) & mask;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = (chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(right_reg)] >> shift_right) & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[1];
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4236_put_double1(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 22) & 1;
+	int change;
+	unsigned short val1, val2;
+	
+	val1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask;
+	val2 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		val1 = mask - val1;
+		val2 = mask - val2;
+	}
+	val1 <<= shift_left;
+	val2 <<= shift_right;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	val1 = (chip->image[left_reg] & ~(mask << shift_left)) | val1;
+	val2 = (chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(right_reg)] & ~(mask << shift_right)) | val2;
+	change = val1 != chip->image[left_reg] || val2 != chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(right_reg)];
+	snd_wss_out(chip, left_reg, val1);
+	snd_cs4236_ext_out(chip, right_reg, val2);
+	return change;
+}
+
+#define CS4236_MASTER_DIGITAL(xname, xindex, xtlv) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ, \
+  .info = snd_cs4236_info_double, \
+  .get = snd_cs4236_get_master_digital, .put = snd_cs4236_put_master_digital, \
+  .private_value = 71 << 24, \
+  .tlv = { .p = (xtlv) } }
+
+static inline int snd_cs4236_mixer_master_digital_invert_volume(int vol)
+{
+	return (vol < 64) ? 63 - vol : 64 + (71 - vol);
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4236_get_master_digital(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = snd_cs4236_mixer_master_digital_invert_volume(chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(CS4236_LEFT_MASTER)] & 0x7f);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = snd_cs4236_mixer_master_digital_invert_volume(chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(CS4236_RIGHT_MASTER)] & 0x7f);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4236_put_master_digital(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change;
+	unsigned short val1, val2;
+	
+	val1 = snd_cs4236_mixer_master_digital_invert_volume(ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 0x7f);
+	val2 = snd_cs4236_mixer_master_digital_invert_volume(ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & 0x7f);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	val1 = (chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(CS4236_LEFT_MASTER)] & ~0x7f) | val1;
+	val2 = (chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(CS4236_RIGHT_MASTER)] & ~0x7f) | val2;
+	change = val1 != chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(CS4236_LEFT_MASTER)] || val2 != chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(CS4236_RIGHT_MASTER)];
+	snd_cs4236_ext_out(chip, CS4236_LEFT_MASTER, val1);
+	snd_cs4236_ext_out(chip, CS4236_RIGHT_MASTER, val2);
+	return change;
+}
+
+#define CS4235_OUTPUT_ACCU(xname, xindex, xtlv) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ, \
+  .info = snd_cs4236_info_double, \
+  .get = snd_cs4235_get_output_accu, .put = snd_cs4235_put_output_accu, \
+  .private_value = 3 << 24, \
+  .tlv = { .p = (xtlv) } }
+
+static inline int snd_cs4235_mixer_output_accu_get_volume(int vol)
+{
+	switch ((vol >> 5) & 3) {
+	case 0: return 1;
+	case 1: return 3;
+	case 2: return 2;
+	case 3: return 0;
+ 	}
+	return 3;
+}
+
+static inline int snd_cs4235_mixer_output_accu_set_volume(int vol)
+{
+	switch (vol & 3) {
+	case 0: return 3 << 5;
+	case 1: return 0 << 5;
+	case 2: return 2 << 5;
+	case 3: return 1 << 5;
+	}
+	return 1 << 5;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4235_get_output_accu(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = snd_cs4235_mixer_output_accu_get_volume(chip->image[CS4235_LEFT_MASTER]);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = snd_cs4235_mixer_output_accu_get_volume(chip->image[CS4235_RIGHT_MASTER]);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4235_put_output_accu(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change;
+	unsigned short val1, val2;
+	
+	val1 = snd_cs4235_mixer_output_accu_set_volume(ucontrol->value.integer.value[0]);
+	val2 = snd_cs4235_mixer_output_accu_set_volume(ucontrol->value.integer.value[1]);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	val1 = (chip->image[CS4235_LEFT_MASTER] & ~(3 << 5)) | val1;
+	val2 = (chip->image[CS4235_RIGHT_MASTER] & ~(3 << 5)) | val2;
+	change = val1 != chip->image[CS4235_LEFT_MASTER] || val2 != chip->image[CS4235_RIGHT_MASTER];
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4235_LEFT_MASTER, val1);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4235_RIGHT_MASTER, val2);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_7bit, -9450, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_6bit, -9450, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_6bit_12db_max, -8250, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_5bit_12db_max, -3450, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_5bit_22db_max, -2400, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_4bit, -4500, 300, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_2bit, -1800, 600, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_rec_gain, 0, 150, 0);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_cs4236_controls[] = {
+
+CS4236_DOUBLE("Master Digital Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4236_LEFT_MASTER, CS4236_RIGHT_MASTER, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+CS4236_DOUBLE("Master Digital Capture Switch", 0,
+		CS4236_DAC_MUTE, CS4236_DAC_MUTE, 7, 6, 1, 1),
+CS4236_MASTER_DIGITAL("Master Digital Volume", 0, db_scale_7bit),
+
+CS4236_DOUBLE_TLV("Capture Boost Volume", 0,
+		  CS4236_LEFT_MIX_CTRL, CS4236_RIGHT_MIX_CTRL, 5, 5, 3, 1,
+		  db_scale_2bit),
+
+WSS_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_OUTPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_OUTPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("PCM Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_OUTPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_OUTPUT, 0, 0, 63, 1,
+		db_scale_6bit),
+
+CS4236_DOUBLE("DSP Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4236_LEFT_DSP, CS4236_RIGHT_DSP, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+CS4236_DOUBLE_TLV("DSP Playback Volume", 0,
+		  CS4236_LEFT_DSP, CS4236_RIGHT_DSP, 0, 0, 63, 1,
+		  db_scale_6bit),
+
+CS4236_DOUBLE("FM Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4236_LEFT_FM, CS4236_RIGHT_FM, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+CS4236_DOUBLE_TLV("FM Playback Volume", 0,
+		  CS4236_LEFT_FM, CS4236_RIGHT_FM, 0, 0, 63, 1,
+		  db_scale_6bit),
+
+CS4236_DOUBLE("Wavetable Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4236_LEFT_WAVE, CS4236_RIGHT_WAVE, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+CS4236_DOUBLE_TLV("Wavetable Playback Volume", 0,
+		  CS4236_LEFT_WAVE, CS4236_RIGHT_WAVE, 0, 0, 63, 1,
+		  db_scale_6bit_12db_max),
+
+WSS_DOUBLE("Synth Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_LINE_IN, CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("Synth Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_LINE_IN, CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN, 0, 0, 31, 1,
+		db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Synth Capture Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_LINE_IN, CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN, 6, 6, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Synth Capture Bypass", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_LINE_IN, CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN, 5, 5, 1, 1),
+
+CS4236_DOUBLE("Mic Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4236_LEFT_MIC, CS4236_RIGHT_MIC, 6, 6, 1, 1),
+CS4236_DOUBLE("Mic Capture Switch", 0,
+		CS4236_LEFT_MIC, CS4236_RIGHT_MIC, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+CS4236_DOUBLE_TLV("Mic Volume", 0, CS4236_LEFT_MIC, CS4236_RIGHT_MIC,
+		  0, 0, 31, 1, db_scale_5bit_22db_max),
+CS4236_DOUBLE("Mic Playback Boost (+20dB)", 0,
+		CS4236_LEFT_MIC, CS4236_RIGHT_MIC, 5, 5, 1, 0),
+
+WSS_DOUBLE("Line Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX1_RIGHT_INPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("Line Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX1_RIGHT_INPUT, 0, 0, 31, 1,
+		db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Line Capture Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX1_RIGHT_INPUT, 6, 6, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Line Capture Bypass", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX1_RIGHT_INPUT, 5, 5, 1, 1),
+
+WSS_DOUBLE("CD Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("CD Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT, 0, 0, 31, 1,
+		db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+WSS_DOUBLE("CD Capture Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT, 6, 6, 1, 1),
+
+CS4236_DOUBLE1("Mono Output Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_MONO_CTRL, CS4236_RIGHT_MIX_CTRL, 6, 7, 1, 1),
+CS4236_DOUBLE1("Beep Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_MONO_CTRL, CS4236_LEFT_MIX_CTRL, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_SINGLE_TLV("Beep Playback Volume", 0, CS4231_MONO_CTRL, 0, 15, 1,
+		db_scale_4bit),
+WSS_SINGLE("Beep Bypass Playback Switch", 0, CS4231_MONO_CTRL, 5, 1, 0),
+
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("Capture Volume", 0, CS4231_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT,
+		0, 0, 15, 0, db_scale_rec_gain),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Analog Loopback Capture Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT, 7, 7, 1, 0),
+
+WSS_SINGLE("Loopback Digital Playback Switch", 0, CS4231_LOOPBACK, 0, 1, 0),
+CS4236_DOUBLE1_TLV("Loopback Digital Playback Volume", 0,
+		   CS4231_LOOPBACK, CS4236_RIGHT_LOOPBACK, 2, 0, 63, 1,
+		   db_scale_6bit),
+};
+
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_5bit_6db_max, -5600, 200, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_2bit_16db_max, -2400, 800, 0);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_cs4235_controls[] = {
+
+WSS_DOUBLE("Master Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4235_LEFT_MASTER, CS4235_RIGHT_MASTER, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("Master Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4235_LEFT_MASTER, CS4235_RIGHT_MASTER, 0, 0, 31, 1,
+		db_scale_5bit_6db_max),
+
+CS4235_OUTPUT_ACCU("Playback Volume", 0, db_scale_2bit_16db_max),
+
+WSS_DOUBLE("Synth Playback Switch", 1,
+		CS4231_LEFT_LINE_IN, CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Synth Capture Switch", 1,
+		CS4231_LEFT_LINE_IN, CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN, 6, 6, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("Synth Volume", 1,
+		CS4231_LEFT_LINE_IN, CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN, 0, 0, 31, 1,
+		db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+
+CS4236_DOUBLE_TLV("Capture Volume", 0,
+		  CS4236_LEFT_MIX_CTRL, CS4236_RIGHT_MIX_CTRL, 5, 5, 3, 1,
+		  db_scale_2bit),
+
+WSS_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_OUTPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_OUTPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("PCM Capture Switch", 0,
+		CS4236_DAC_MUTE, CS4236_DAC_MUTE, 7, 6, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("PCM Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_OUTPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_OUTPUT, 0, 0, 63, 1,
+		db_scale_6bit),
+
+CS4236_DOUBLE("DSP Switch", 0, CS4236_LEFT_DSP, CS4236_RIGHT_DSP, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+
+CS4236_DOUBLE("FM Switch", 0, CS4236_LEFT_FM, CS4236_RIGHT_FM, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+
+CS4236_DOUBLE("Wavetable Switch", 0,
+		CS4236_LEFT_WAVE, CS4236_RIGHT_WAVE, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+
+CS4236_DOUBLE("Mic Capture Switch", 0,
+		CS4236_LEFT_MIC, CS4236_RIGHT_MIC, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+CS4236_DOUBLE("Mic Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4236_LEFT_MIC, CS4236_RIGHT_MIC, 6, 6, 1, 1),
+CS4236_SINGLE_TLV("Mic Volume", 0, CS4236_LEFT_MIC, 0, 31, 1,
+		  db_scale_5bit_22db_max),
+CS4236_SINGLE("Mic Boost (+20dB)", 0, CS4236_LEFT_MIC, 5, 1, 0),
+
+WSS_DOUBLE("Line Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX1_RIGHT_INPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Line Capture Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX1_RIGHT_INPUT, 6, 6, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("Line Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX1_RIGHT_INPUT, 0, 0, 31, 1,
+		db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+
+WSS_DOUBLE("CD Playback Switch", 1,
+		CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("CD Capture Switch", 1,
+		CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT, 6, 6, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("CD Volume", 1,
+		CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT, 0, 0, 31, 1,
+		db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+
+CS4236_DOUBLE1("Beep Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_MONO_CTRL, CS4236_LEFT_MIX_CTRL, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_SINGLE("Beep Playback Volume", 0, CS4231_MONO_CTRL, 0, 15, 1),
+
+WSS_DOUBLE("Analog Loopback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT, 7, 7, 1, 0),
+};
+
+#define CS4236_IEC958_ENABLE(xname, xindex) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_cs4236_info_single, \
+  .get = snd_cs4236_get_iec958_switch, .put = snd_cs4236_put_iec958_switch, \
+  .private_value = 1 << 16 }
+
+static int snd_cs4236_get_iec958_switch(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] & 0x02 ? 1 : 0;
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"get valid: ALT = 0x%x, C3 = 0x%x, C4 = 0x%x, C5 = 0x%x, C6 = 0x%x, C8 = 0x%x\n",
+		snd_wss_in(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1),
+		snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 3),
+		snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 4),
+		snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 5),
+		snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 6),
+		snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 8));
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_cs4236_put_iec958_switch(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change;
+	unsigned short enable, val;
+	
+	enable = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 1;
+
+	guard(mutex)(&chip->mce_mutex);
+	snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		val = (chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] & ~0x0e) | (0<<2) | (enable << 1);
+		change = val != chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1];
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1, val);
+		val = snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 4) | 0xc0;
+		snd_cs4236_ctrl_out(chip, 4, val);
+		udelay(100);
+		val &= ~0x40;
+		snd_cs4236_ctrl_out(chip, 4, val);
+	}
+	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"set valid: ALT = 0x%x, C3 = 0x%x, C4 = 0x%x, C5 = 0x%x, C6 = 0x%x, C8 = 0x%x\n",
+		snd_wss_in(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1),
+		snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 3),
+		snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 4),
+		snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 5),
+		snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 6),
+		snd_cs4236_ctrl_in(chip, 8));
+#endif
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_cs4236_iec958_controls[] = {
+CS4236_IEC958_ENABLE("IEC958 Output Enable", 0),
+CS4236_SINGLEC("IEC958 Output Validity", 0, 4, 4, 1, 0),
+CS4236_SINGLEC("IEC958 Output User", 0, 4, 5, 1, 0),
+CS4236_SINGLEC("IEC958 Output CSBR", 0, 4, 6, 1, 0),
+CS4236_SINGLEC("IEC958 Output Channel Status Low", 0, 5, 1, 127, 0),
+CS4236_SINGLEC("IEC958 Output Channel Status High", 0, 6, 0, 255, 0)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_cs4236_3d_controls_cs4235[] = {
+CS4236_SINGLEC("3D Control - Switch", 0, 3, 4, 1, 0),
+CS4236_SINGLEC("3D Control - Space", 0, 2, 4, 15, 1)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_cs4236_3d_controls_cs4237[] = {
+CS4236_SINGLEC("3D Control - Switch", 0, 3, 7, 1, 0),
+CS4236_SINGLEC("3D Control - Space", 0, 2, 4, 15, 1),
+CS4236_SINGLEC("3D Control - Center", 0, 2, 0, 15, 1),
+CS4236_SINGLEC("3D Control - Mono", 0, 3, 6, 1, 0),
+CS4236_SINGLEC("3D Control - IEC958", 0, 3, 5, 1, 0)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_cs4236_3d_controls_cs4238[] = {
+CS4236_SINGLEC("3D Control - Switch", 0, 3, 4, 1, 0),
+CS4236_SINGLEC("3D Control - Space", 0, 2, 4, 15, 1),
+CS4236_SINGLEC("3D Control - Volume", 0, 2, 0, 15, 1),
+CS4236_SINGLEC("3D Control - IEC958", 0, 3, 5, 1, 0)
+};
+
+int snd_cs4236_mixer(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	unsigned int idx, count;
+	int err;
+	const struct snd_kcontrol_new *kcontrol;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip || !chip->card))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	card = chip->card;
+	strscpy(card->mixername, snd_wss_chip_id(chip));
+
+	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4235 ||
+	    chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4239) {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_cs4235_controls); idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4235_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	} else {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_cs4236_controls); idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4236_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case WSS_HW_CS4235:
+	case WSS_HW_CS4239:
+		count = ARRAY_SIZE(snd_cs4236_3d_controls_cs4235);
+		kcontrol = snd_cs4236_3d_controls_cs4235;
+		break;
+	case WSS_HW_CS4237B:
+		count = ARRAY_SIZE(snd_cs4236_3d_controls_cs4237);
+		kcontrol = snd_cs4236_3d_controls_cs4237;
+		break;
+	case WSS_HW_CS4238B:
+		count = ARRAY_SIZE(snd_cs4236_3d_controls_cs4238);
+		kcontrol = snd_cs4236_3d_controls_cs4238;
+		break;
+	default:
+		count = 0;
+		kcontrol = NULL;
+	}
+	for (idx = 0; idx < count; idx++, kcontrol++) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(kcontrol, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4237B ||
+	    chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4238B) {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_cs4236_iec958_controls); idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_cs4236_iec958_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/es1688/Makefile b/sound/isa/es1688/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7d6c44a8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/es1688/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+#
+# Makefile for ALSA
+# Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+#
+
+snd-es1688-lib-y := es1688_lib.o
+snd-es1688-y := es1688.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_ES1688) += snd-es1688.o snd-es1688-lib.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_GUSEXTREME) += snd-es1688-lib.o
diff --git a/sound/isa/es1688/es1688.c b/sound/isa/es1688/es1688.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7255b34f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/es1688/es1688.c
@@ -0,0 +1,354 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Driver for generic ESS AudioDrive ESx688 soundcards
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/isapnp.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/es1688.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IRQ
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_DMA
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+#define CRD_NAME "Generic ESS ES1688/ES688 AudioDrive"
+#define DEV_NAME "es1688"
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION(CRD_NAME);
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_ALIAS("snd_es968");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static bool isapnp[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_ISAPNP;
+#endif
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;	/* Enable this card */
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x220,0x240,0x260 */
+static long fm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* Usually 0x388 */
+static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = -1};
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5,7,9,10 */
+static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5,7,9,10 */
+static int dma8[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0,1,3 */
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+module_param_array(isapnp, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(isapnp, "PnP detection for specified soundcard.");
+#endif
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_port, "MPU-401 port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+module_param_hw_array(fm_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fm_port, "FM port # for ES1688 driver.");
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_irq, "MPU-401 IRQ # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma8, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma8, "8-bit DMA # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+#define is_isapnp_selected(dev)		isapnp[dev]
+#else
+#define is_isapnp_selected(dev)		0
+#endif
+
+static int snd_es1688_match(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	return enable[n] && !is_isapnp_selected(n);
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_legacy_create(struct snd_card *card,
+				    struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = card->private_data;
+	static const long possible_ports[] = {0x220, 0x240, 0x260};
+	static const int possible_irqs[] = {5, 9, 10, 7, -1};
+	static const int possible_dmas[] = {1, 3, 0, -1};
+
+	int i, error;
+
+	if (irq[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		irq[n] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (irq[n] < 0) {
+			dev_err(dev, "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma8[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma8[n] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (dma8[n] < 0) {
+			dev_err(dev, "unable to find a free DMA\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (port[n] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		return snd_es1688_create(card, chip, port[n], mpu_port[n],
+				irq[n], mpu_irq[n], dma8[n], ES1688_HW_AUTO);
+
+	i = 0;
+	do {
+		port[n] = possible_ports[i];
+		error = snd_es1688_create(card, chip, port[n], mpu_port[n],
+				irq[n], mpu_irq[n], dma8[n], ES1688_HW_AUTO);
+	} while (error < 0 && ++i < ARRAY_SIZE(possible_ports));
+
+	return error;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_probe(struct snd_card *card, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+	int error;
+
+	error = snd_es1688_pcm(card, chip, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_es1688_mixer(card, chip);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	strscpy(card->driver, "ES1688", sizeof(card->driver));
+	strscpy(card->shortname, chip->pcm->name, sizeof(card->shortname));
+	scnprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
+		  "%s at 0x%lx, irq %i, dma %i", chip->pcm->name, chip->port,
+		  chip->irq, chip->dma8);
+
+	if (fm_port[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		fm_port[n] = port[n];	/* share the same port */
+
+	if (fm_port[n] > 0) {
+		if (snd_opl3_create(card, fm_port[n], fm_port[n] + 2,
+				OPL3_HW_OPL3, 0, &opl3) < 0)
+			dev_warn(card->dev,
+				 "opl3 not detected at 0x%lx\n", fm_port[n]);
+		else {
+			error =	snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+			if (error < 0)
+				return error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (mpu_irq[n] >= 0 && mpu_irq[n] != SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ &&
+			chip->mpu_port > 0) {
+		error = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_ES1688,
+				chip->mpu_port, 0,
+				mpu_irq[n], NULL);
+		if (error < 0)
+			return error;
+	}
+
+	return snd_card_register(card);
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_isa_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int error;
+
+	error = snd_devm_card_new(dev, index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE,
+				  sizeof(struct snd_es1688), &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_es1688_legacy_create(card, dev, n);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_es1688_probe(card, n);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(dev, card);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_es1688_card_suspend(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_card_resume(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = card->private_data;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_es1688_reset(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_isa_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+				  pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_es1688_card_suspend(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_isa_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	return snd_es1688_card_resume(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_es1688_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_es1688_match,
+	.probe		= snd_es1688_isa_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_es1688_isa_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_es1688_isa_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	}
+};
+
+static int snd_es968_pnp_is_probed;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int snd_card_es968_pnp(struct snd_card *card, unsigned int n,
+			      struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+			      const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = card->private_data;
+	struct pnp_dev *pdev;
+	int error;
+
+	pdev = pnp_request_card_device(pcard, pid->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (pdev == NULL)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	error = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "ES968 pnp configure failure\n");
+		return error;
+	}
+	port[n] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	dma8[n] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	irq[n] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+
+	return snd_es1688_create(card, chip, port[n], mpu_port[n], irq[n],
+				 mpu_irq[n], dma8[n], ES1688_HW_AUTO);
+}
+
+static int snd_es968_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	static unsigned int dev;
+	int error;
+
+	if (snd_es968_pnp_is_probed)
+		return -EBUSY;
+	for ( ; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (enable[dev] && isapnp[dev])
+			break;
+	}
+	if (dev == SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	error = snd_devm_card_new(&pcard->card->dev,
+				  index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				  sizeof(struct snd_es1688), &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_card_es968_pnp(card, dev, pcard, pid);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	error = snd_es1688_probe(card, dev);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	snd_es968_pnp_is_probed = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_es968_pnp_remove(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	snd_es968_pnp_is_probed = 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_es968_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				 pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_es1688_card_suspend(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+
+static int snd_es968_pnp_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	return snd_es1688_card_resume(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+#endif
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id snd_es968_pnpids[] = {
+	{ .id = "ESS0968", .devs = { { "@@@0968" }, } },
+	{ .id = "ESS0968", .devs = { { "ESS0968" }, } },
+	{ .id = "", } /* end */
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_es968_pnpids);
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver es968_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags		= PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
+	.name		= DEV_NAME " PnP",
+	.id_table	= snd_es968_pnpids,
+	.probe		= snd_es968_pnp_detect,
+	.remove		= snd_es968_pnp_remove,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_es968_pnp_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_es968_pnp_resume,
+#endif
+};
+#endif
+
+static int __init alsa_card_es1688_init(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	pnp_register_card_driver(&es968_pnpc_driver);
+	if (snd_es968_pnp_is_probed)
+		return 0;
+	pnp_unregister_card_driver(&es968_pnpc_driver);
+#endif
+	return isa_register_driver(&snd_es1688_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_card_es1688_exit(void)
+{
+	if (!snd_es968_pnp_is_probed) {
+		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_es1688_driver);
+		return;
+	}
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	pnp_unregister_card_driver(&es968_pnpc_driver);
+#endif
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_card_es1688_init);
+module_exit(alsa_card_es1688_exit);
diff --git a/sound/isa/es1688/es1688_lib.c b/sound/isa/es1688/es1688_lib.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..59987dbc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/es1688/es1688_lib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,975 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Routines for control of ESS ES1688/688/488 chip
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/es1688.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ESS ESx688 lowlevel module");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int snd_es1688_dsp_command(struct snd_es1688 *chip, unsigned char val)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 10000; i; i--)
+		if ((inb(ES1688P(chip, STATUS)) & 0x80) == 0) {
+			outb(val, ES1688P(chip, COMMAND));
+			return 1;
+		}
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "%s: timeout (0x%x)\n", __func__, val);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_dsp_get_byte(struct snd_es1688 *chip)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 1000; i; i--)
+		if (inb(ES1688P(chip, DATA_AVAIL)) & 0x80)
+			return inb(ES1688P(chip, READ));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "es1688 get byte failed: 0x%lx = 0x%x!!!\n",
+		ES1688P(chip, DATA_AVAIL), inb(ES1688P(chip, DATA_AVAIL)));
+	return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_write(struct snd_es1688 *chip,
+			    unsigned char reg, unsigned char data)
+{
+	if (!snd_es1688_dsp_command(chip, reg))
+		return 0;
+	return snd_es1688_dsp_command(chip, data);
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_read(struct snd_es1688 *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	/* Read a byte from an extended mode register of ES1688 */
+	if (!snd_es1688_dsp_command(chip, 0xc0))
+		return -1;
+	if (!snd_es1688_dsp_command(chip, reg))
+		return -1;
+	return snd_es1688_dsp_get_byte(chip);
+}
+
+void snd_es1688_mixer_write(struct snd_es1688 *chip,
+			    unsigned char reg, unsigned char data)
+{
+	outb(reg, ES1688P(chip, MIXER_ADDR));
+	udelay(10);
+	outb(data, ES1688P(chip, MIXER_DATA));
+	udelay(10);
+}
+
+static unsigned char snd_es1688_mixer_read(struct snd_es1688 *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	unsigned char result;
+
+	outb(reg, ES1688P(chip, MIXER_ADDR));
+	udelay(10);
+	result = inb(ES1688P(chip, MIXER_DATA));
+	udelay(10);
+	return result;
+}
+
+int snd_es1688_reset(struct snd_es1688 *chip)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	outb(3, ES1688P(chip, RESET));		/* valid only for ESS chips, SB -> 1 */
+	udelay(10);
+	outb(0, ES1688P(chip, RESET));
+	udelay(30);
+	for (i = 0; i < 1000 && !(inb(ES1688P(chip, DATA_AVAIL)) & 0x80); i++);
+	if (inb(ES1688P(chip, READ)) != 0xaa) {
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "ess_reset at 0x%lx: failed!!!\n",
+			chip->port);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	snd_es1688_dsp_command(chip, 0xc6);	/* enable extended mode */
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_es1688_reset);
+
+static int snd_es1688_probe(struct snd_es1688 *chip)
+{
+	unsigned short major, minor;
+	int i;
+
+	/*
+	 *  initialization sequence
+	 */
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {	/* Some ESS1688 cards need this */
+		inb(ES1688P(chip, ENABLE1));	/* ENABLE1 */
+		inb(ES1688P(chip, ENABLE1));	/* ENABLE1 */
+		inb(ES1688P(chip, ENABLE1));	/* ENABLE1 */
+		inb(ES1688P(chip, ENABLE2));	/* ENABLE2 */
+		inb(ES1688P(chip, ENABLE1));	/* ENABLE1 */
+		inb(ES1688P(chip, ENABLE2));	/* ENABLE2 */
+		inb(ES1688P(chip, ENABLE1));	/* ENABLE1 */
+		inb(ES1688P(chip, ENABLE1));	/* ENABLE1 */
+		inb(ES1688P(chip, ENABLE2));	/* ENABLE2 */
+		inb(ES1688P(chip, ENABLE1));	/* ENABLE1 */
+		inb(ES1688P(chip, ENABLE0));	/* ENABLE0 */
+
+		if (snd_es1688_reset(chip) < 0) {
+			dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "ESS: [0x%lx] reset failed... 0x%x\n",
+				chip->port, inb(ES1688P(chip, READ)));
+			return -ENODEV;
+		}
+		snd_es1688_dsp_command(chip, 0xe7);	/* return identification */
+
+		for (i = 1000, major = minor = 0; i; i--) {
+			if (inb(ES1688P(chip, DATA_AVAIL)) & 0x80) {
+				if (major == 0)
+					major = inb(ES1688P(chip, READ));
+				else
+					minor = inb(ES1688P(chip, READ));
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"ESS: [0x%lx] found.. major = 0x%x, minor = 0x%x\n",
+		chip->port, major, minor);
+
+	chip->version = (major << 8) | minor;
+	if (!chip->version)
+		return -ENODEV;	/* probably SB */
+
+	switch (chip->version & 0xfff0) {
+	case 0x4880:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+			"[0x%lx] ESS: AudioDrive ES488 detected, but driver is in another place\n",
+			chip->port);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	case 0x6880:
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+			"[0x%lx] ESS: unknown AudioDrive chip with version 0x%x (Jazz16 soundcard?)\n",
+			chip->port, chip->version);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb1, 0x10);	/* disable IRQ */
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb2, 0x00);	/* disable DMA */
+	}
+
+	/* enable joystick, but disable OPL3 */
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->mixer_lock) {
+		snd_es1688_mixer_write(chip, 0x40, 0x01);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_init(struct snd_es1688 * chip, int enable)
+{
+	static const int irqs[16] = {-1, -1, 0, -1, -1, 1, -1, 2, -1, 0, 3, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1};
+	int cfg, irq_bits, dma, dma_bits, tmp, tmp1;
+
+	/* ok.. setup MPU-401 port and joystick and OPL3 */
+	cfg = 0x01;		/* enable joystick, but disable OPL3 */
+	if (enable && chip->mpu_port >= 0x300 && chip->mpu_irq > 0 && chip->hardware != ES1688_HW_688) {
+		tmp = (chip->mpu_port & 0x0f0) >> 4;
+		if (tmp <= 3) {
+			switch (chip->mpu_irq) {
+			case 9:
+				tmp1 = 4;
+				break;
+			case 5:
+				tmp1 = 5;
+				break;
+			case 7:
+				tmp1 = 6;
+				break;
+			case 10:
+				tmp1 = 7;
+				break;
+			default:
+				tmp1 = 0;
+			}
+			if (tmp1) {
+				cfg |= (tmp << 3) | (tmp1 << 5);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		snd_es1688_mixer_write(chip, 0x40, cfg);
+	}
+	/* --- */
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		snd_es1688_read(chip, 0xb1);
+		snd_es1688_read(chip, 0xb2);
+	}
+	if (enable) {
+		cfg = 0xf0;	/* enable only DMA counter interrupt */
+		irq_bits = irqs[chip->irq & 0x0f];
+		if (irq_bits < 0) {
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+				"[0x%lx] ESS: bad IRQ %d for ES1688 chip!!\n",
+				chip->port, chip->irq);
+#if 0
+			irq_bits = 0;
+			cfg = 0x10;
+#endif
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+			snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb1, cfg | (irq_bits << 2));
+		}
+		cfg = 0xf0;	/* extended mode DMA enable */
+		dma = chip->dma8;
+		if (dma > 3 || dma == 2) {
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+				"[0x%lx] ESS: bad DMA channel %d for ES1688 chip!!\n",
+				chip->port, dma);
+#if 0
+			dma_bits = 0;
+			cfg = 0x00;	/* disable all DMA */
+#endif
+			return -EINVAL;
+		} else {
+			dma_bits = dma;
+			if (dma != 3)
+				dma_bits++;
+		}
+		scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+			snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb2, cfg | (dma_bits << 2));
+		}
+	} else {
+		scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+			snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb1, 0x10);	/* disable IRQ */
+			snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb2, 0x00);	/* disable DMA */
+		}
+	}
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		snd_es1688_read(chip, 0xb1);
+		snd_es1688_read(chip, 0xb2);
+		snd_es1688_reset(chip);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+
+ */
+
+static const struct snd_ratnum clocks[2] = {
+	{
+		.num = 795444,
+		.den_min = 1,
+		.den_max = 128,
+		.den_step = 1,
+	},
+	{
+		.num = 397722,
+		.den_min = 1,
+		.den_max = 128,
+		.den_step = 1,
+	}
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums hw_constraints_clocks  = {
+	.nrats = 2,
+	.rats = clocks,
+};
+
+static void snd_es1688_set_rate(struct snd_es1688 *chip, struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned int bits, divider;
+
+	if (runtime->rate_num == clocks[0].num)
+		bits = 256 - runtime->rate_den;
+	else
+		bits = 128 - runtime->rate_den;
+	/* set filter register */
+	divider = 256 - 7160000*20/(8*82*runtime->rate);
+	/* write result to hardware */
+	snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xa1, bits);
+	snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xa2, divider);
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_trigger(struct snd_es1688 *chip, int cmd, unsigned char value)
+{
+	int val;
+
+	if (cmd == SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP) {
+		value = 0x00;
+	} else if (cmd != SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START) {
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	guard(spinlock)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	chip->trigger_value = value;
+	val = snd_es1688_read(chip, 0xb8);
+	if ((val < 0) || (val & 0x0f) == value)
+		return -EINVAL;	/* something is wrong */
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "trigger: val = 0x%x, value = 0x%x\n", val, value);
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "trigger: pointer = 0x%x\n",
+		snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma8, chip->dma_size));
+#endif
+	snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb8, (val & 0xf0) | value);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned int size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+
+	chip->dma_size = size;
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		snd_es1688_reset(chip);
+		snd_es1688_set_rate(chip, substream);
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb8, 4);	/* auto init DMA mode */
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xa8, (snd_es1688_read(chip, 0xa8) & ~0x03) | (3 - runtime->channels));
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb9, 2);	/* demand mode (4 bytes/request) */
+		if (runtime->channels == 1) {
+			if (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 8) {
+				/* 8. bit mono */
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb6, 0x80);
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0x51);
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0xd0);
+			} else {
+				/* 16. bit mono */
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb6, 0x00);
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0x71);
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0xf4);
+			}
+		} else {
+			if (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 8) {
+				/* 8. bit stereo */
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb6, 0x80);
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0x51);
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0x98);
+			} else {
+				/* 16. bit stereo */
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb6, 0x00);
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0x71);
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0xbc);
+			}
+		}
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb1, (snd_es1688_read(chip, 0xb1) & 0x0f) | 0x50);
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb2, (snd_es1688_read(chip, 0xb2) & 0x0f) | 0x50);
+		snd_es1688_dsp_command(chip, ES1688_DSP_CMD_SPKON);
+	}
+	/* --- */
+	count = -count;
+	snd_dma_program(chip->dma8, runtime->dma_addr, size, DMA_MODE_WRITE | DMA_AUTOINIT);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xa4, (unsigned char) count);
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xa5, (unsigned char) (count >> 8));
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_playback_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				       int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	return snd_es1688_trigger(chip, cmd, 0x05);
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned int size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+
+	chip->dma_size = size;
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		snd_es1688_reset(chip);
+		snd_es1688_set_rate(chip, substream);
+		snd_es1688_dsp_command(chip, ES1688_DSP_CMD_SPKOFF);
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb8, 0x0e);	/* auto init DMA mode */
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xa8, (snd_es1688_read(chip, 0xa8) & ~0x03) | (3 - runtime->channels));
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb9, 2);	/* demand mode (4 bytes/request) */
+		if (runtime->channels == 1) {
+			if (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 8) {
+				/* 8. bit mono */
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0x51);
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0xd0);
+			} else {
+				/* 16. bit mono */
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0x71);
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0xf4);
+			}
+		} else {
+			if (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 8) {
+				/* 8. bit stereo */
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0x51);
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0x98);
+			} else {
+				/* 16. bit stereo */
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0x71);
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb7, 0xbc);
+			}
+		}
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb1, (snd_es1688_read(chip, 0xb1) & 0x0f) | 0x50);
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xb2, (snd_es1688_read(chip, 0xb2) & 0x0f) | 0x50);
+	}
+	/* --- */
+	count = -count;
+	snd_dma_program(chip->dma8, runtime->dma_addr, size, DMA_MODE_READ | DMA_AUTOINIT);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xa4, (unsigned char) count);
+		snd_es1688_write(chip, 0xa5, (unsigned char) (count >> 8));
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_capture_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				      int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	return snd_es1688_trigger(chip, cmd, 0x0f);
+}
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_es1688_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = dev_id;
+
+	if (chip->trigger_value == 0x05)	/* ok.. playback is active */
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->playback_substream);
+	if (chip->trigger_value == 0x0f)	/* ok.. capture is active */
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->capture_substream);
+
+	inb(ES1688P(chip, DATA_AVAIL));	/* ack interrupt */
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_es1688_playback_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	size_t ptr;
+	
+	if (chip->trigger_value != 0x05)
+		return 0;
+	ptr = snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma8, chip->dma_size);
+	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, ptr);
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_es1688_capture_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	size_t ptr;
+	
+	if (chip->trigger_value != 0x0f)
+		return 0;
+	ptr = snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma8, chip->dma_size);
+	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, ptr);
+}
+
+/*
+
+ */
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_es1688_playback =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_es1688_capture =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+/*
+
+ */
+
+static int snd_es1688_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	if (chip->capture_substream != NULL)
+		return -EAGAIN;
+	chip->playback_substream = substream;
+	runtime->hw = snd_es1688_playback;
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+				      &hw_constraints_clocks);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	if (chip->playback_substream != NULL)
+		return -EAGAIN;
+	chip->capture_substream = substream;
+	runtime->hw = snd_es1688_capture;
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+				      &hw_constraints_clocks);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	chip->playback_substream = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_capture_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	chip->capture_substream = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_free(struct snd_es1688 *chip)
+{
+	if (chip->hardware != ES1688_HW_UNDEF)
+		snd_es1688_init(chip, 0);
+	release_and_free_resource(chip->res_port);
+	if (chip->irq >= 0)
+		free_irq(chip->irq, (void *) chip);
+	if (chip->dma8 >= 0) {
+		disable_dma(chip->dma8);
+		free_dma(chip->dma8);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = device->device_data;
+	return snd_es1688_free(chip);
+}
+
+static const char *snd_es1688_chip_id(struct snd_es1688 *chip)
+{
+	static char tmp[16];
+	sprintf(tmp, "ES%s688 rev %i", chip->hardware == ES1688_HW_688 ? "" : "1", chip->version & 0x0f);
+	return tmp;
+}
+
+int snd_es1688_create(struct snd_card *card,
+		      struct snd_es1688 *chip,
+		      unsigned long port,
+		      unsigned long mpu_port,
+		      int irq,
+		      int mpu_irq,
+		      int dma8,
+		      unsigned short hardware)
+{
+	static const struct snd_device_ops ops = {
+		.dev_free =	snd_es1688_dev_free,
+	};
+                                
+	int err;
+
+	if (chip == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	chip->card = card;
+	chip->irq = -1;
+	chip->dma8 = -1;
+	chip->hardware = ES1688_HW_UNDEF;
+	
+	chip->res_port = request_region(port + 4, 12, "ES1688");
+	if (chip->res_port == NULL) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "es1688: can't grab port 0x%lx\n", port + 4);
+		err = -EBUSY;
+		goto exit;
+	}
+
+	err = request_irq(irq, snd_es1688_interrupt, 0, "ES1688", (void *) chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "es1688: can't grab IRQ %d\n", irq);
+		goto exit;
+	}
+
+	chip->irq = irq;
+	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
+	err = request_dma(dma8, "ES1688");
+
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "es1688: can't grab DMA8 %d\n", dma8);
+		goto exit;
+	}
+	chip->dma8 = dma8;
+
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->reg_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->mixer_lock);
+	chip->port = port;
+	mpu_port &= ~0x000f;
+	if (mpu_port < 0x300 || mpu_port > 0x330)
+		mpu_port = 0;
+	chip->mpu_port = mpu_port;
+	chip->mpu_irq = mpu_irq;
+	chip->hardware = hardware;
+
+	err = snd_es1688_probe(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto exit;
+
+	err = snd_es1688_init(chip, 1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto exit;
+
+	/* Register device */
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, chip, &ops);
+exit:
+	if (err)
+		snd_es1688_free(chip);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_es1688_playback_ops = {
+	.open =			snd_es1688_playback_open,
+	.close =		snd_es1688_playback_close,
+	.prepare =		snd_es1688_playback_prepare,
+	.trigger =		snd_es1688_playback_trigger,
+	.pointer =		snd_es1688_playback_pointer,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_es1688_capture_ops = {
+	.open =			snd_es1688_capture_open,
+	.close =		snd_es1688_capture_close,
+	.prepare =		snd_es1688_capture_prepare,
+	.trigger =		snd_es1688_capture_trigger,
+	.pointer =		snd_es1688_capture_pointer,
+};
+
+int snd_es1688_pcm(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_es1688 *chip, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, "ESx688", device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_es1688_playback_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_es1688_capture_ops);
+
+	pcm->private_data = chip;
+	pcm->info_flags = SNDRV_PCM_INFO_HALF_DUPLEX;
+	strscpy(pcm->name, snd_es1688_chip_id(chip));
+	chip->pcm = pcm;
+
+	snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, card->dev,
+				       64*1024, 64*1024);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  MIXER part
+ */
+
+static int snd_es1688_info_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[8] = {
+		"Mic", "Mic Master", "CD", "AOUT",
+		"Mic1", "Mix", "Line", "Master"
+	};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 8, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_get_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = snd_es1688_mixer_read(chip, ES1688_REC_DEV) & 7;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_put_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char oval, nval;
+	int change;
+	
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > 8)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	oval = snd_es1688_mixer_read(chip, ES1688_REC_DEV);
+	nval = (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] & 7) | (oval & ~15);
+	change = nval != oval;
+	if (change)
+		snd_es1688_mixer_write(chip, ES1688_REC_DEV, nval);
+	return change;
+}
+
+#define ES1688_SINGLE(xname, xindex, reg, shift, mask, invert) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_es1688_info_single, \
+  .get = snd_es1688_get_single, .put = snd_es1688_put_single, \
+  .private_value = reg | (shift << 8) | (mask << 16) | (invert << 24) }
+
+static int snd_es1688_info_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+
+	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_get_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (snd_es1688_mixer_read(chip, reg) >> shift) & mask;
+	if (invert)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_put_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int change;
+	unsigned char oval, nval;
+	
+	nval = (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask);
+	if (invert)
+		nval = mask - nval;
+	nval <<= shift;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	oval = snd_es1688_mixer_read(chip, reg);
+	nval = (oval & ~(mask << shift)) | nval;
+	change = nval != oval;
+	if (change)
+		snd_es1688_mixer_write(chip, reg, nval);
+	return change;
+}
+
+#define ES1688_DOUBLE(xname, xindex, left_reg, right_reg, shift_left, shift_right, mask, invert) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_es1688_info_double, \
+  .get = snd_es1688_get_double, .put = snd_es1688_put_double, \
+  .private_value = left_reg | (right_reg << 8) | (shift_left << 16) | (shift_right << 19) | (mask << 24) | (invert << 22) }
+
+static int snd_es1688_info_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+
+	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_get_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 22) & 1;
+	unsigned char left, right;
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	if (left_reg < 0xa0)
+		left = snd_es1688_mixer_read(chip, left_reg);
+	else
+		left = snd_es1688_read(chip, left_reg);
+	if (left_reg != right_reg) {
+		if (right_reg < 0xa0) 
+			right = snd_es1688_mixer_read(chip, right_reg);
+		else
+			right = snd_es1688_read(chip, right_reg);
+	} else
+		right = left;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (left >> shift_left) & mask;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = (right >> shift_right) & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[1];
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es1688_put_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es1688 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 22) & 1;
+	int change;
+	unsigned char val1, val2, oval1, oval2;
+	
+	val1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask;
+	val2 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		val1 = mask - val1;
+		val2 = mask - val2;
+	}
+	val1 <<= shift_left;
+	val2 <<= shift_right;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	if (left_reg != right_reg) {
+		if (left_reg < 0xa0)
+			oval1 = snd_es1688_mixer_read(chip, left_reg);
+		else
+			oval1 = snd_es1688_read(chip, left_reg);
+		if (right_reg < 0xa0)
+			oval2 = snd_es1688_mixer_read(chip, right_reg);
+		else
+			oval2 = snd_es1688_read(chip, right_reg);
+		val1 = (oval1 & ~(mask << shift_left)) | val1;
+		val2 = (oval2 & ~(mask << shift_right)) | val2;
+		change = val1 != oval1 || val2 != oval2;
+		if (change) {
+			if (left_reg < 0xa0)
+				snd_es1688_mixer_write(chip, left_reg, val1);
+			else
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, left_reg, val1);
+			if (right_reg < 0xa0)
+				snd_es1688_mixer_write(chip, right_reg, val1);
+			else
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, right_reg, val1);
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (left_reg < 0xa0)
+			oval1 = snd_es1688_mixer_read(chip, left_reg);
+		else
+			oval1 = snd_es1688_read(chip, left_reg);
+		val1 = (oval1 & ~((mask << shift_left) | (mask << shift_right))) | val1 | val2;
+		change = val1 != oval1;
+		if (change) {
+			if (left_reg < 0xa0)
+				snd_es1688_mixer_write(chip, left_reg, val1);
+			else
+				snd_es1688_write(chip, left_reg, val1);
+		}
+			
+	}
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es1688_controls[] = {
+ES1688_DOUBLE("Master Playback Volume", 0, ES1688_MASTER_DEV, ES1688_MASTER_DEV, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES1688_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Volume", 0, ES1688_PCM_DEV, ES1688_PCM_DEV, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES1688_DOUBLE("Line Playback Volume", 0, ES1688_LINE_DEV, ES1688_LINE_DEV, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES1688_DOUBLE("CD Playback Volume", 0, ES1688_CD_DEV, ES1688_CD_DEV, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES1688_DOUBLE("FM Playback Volume", 0, ES1688_FM_DEV, ES1688_FM_DEV, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES1688_DOUBLE("Mic Playback Volume", 0, ES1688_MIC_DEV, ES1688_MIC_DEV, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES1688_DOUBLE("Aux Playback Volume", 0, ES1688_AUX_DEV, ES1688_AUX_DEV, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES1688_SINGLE("Beep Playback Volume", 0, ES1688_SPEAKER_DEV, 0, 7, 0),
+ES1688_DOUBLE("Capture Volume", 0, ES1688_RECLEV_DEV, ES1688_RECLEV_DEV, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES1688_SINGLE("Capture Switch", 0, ES1688_REC_DEV, 4, 1, 1),
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Capture Source",
+	.info = snd_es1688_info_mux,
+	.get = snd_es1688_get_mux,
+	.put = snd_es1688_put_mux,
+},
+};
+
+#define ES1688_INIT_TABLE_SIZE (sizeof(snd_es1688_init_table)/2)
+
+static const unsigned char snd_es1688_init_table[][2] = {
+	{ ES1688_MASTER_DEV, 0 },
+	{ ES1688_PCM_DEV, 0 },
+	{ ES1688_LINE_DEV, 0 },
+	{ ES1688_CD_DEV, 0 },
+	{ ES1688_FM_DEV, 0 },
+	{ ES1688_MIC_DEV, 0 },
+	{ ES1688_AUX_DEV, 0 },
+	{ ES1688_SPEAKER_DEV, 0 },
+	{ ES1688_RECLEV_DEV, 0 },
+	{ ES1688_REC_DEV, 0x17 }
+};
+                                        
+int snd_es1688_mixer(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_es1688 *chip)
+{
+	unsigned int idx;
+	int err;
+	unsigned char reg, val;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip || !card))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	strscpy(card->mixername, snd_es1688_chip_id(chip));
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es1688_controls); idx++) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es1688_controls[idx], chip));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ES1688_INIT_TABLE_SIZE; idx++) {
+		reg = snd_es1688_init_table[idx][0];
+		val = snd_es1688_init_table[idx][1];
+		if (reg < 0xa0)
+			snd_es1688_mixer_write(chip, reg, val);
+		else
+			snd_es1688_write(chip, reg, val);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_es1688_mixer_write);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_es1688_create);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_es1688_pcm);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_es1688_mixer);
diff --git a/sound/isa/es18xx.c b/sound/isa/es18xx.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3cadbf7cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/es18xx.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2337 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Driver for generic ESS AudioDrive ES18xx soundcards
+ *  Copyright (c) by Christian Fischbach <fishbach@pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de>
+ *  Copyright (c) by Abramo Bagnara <abramo@alsa-project.org>
+ */
+/* GENERAL NOTES:
+ *
+ * BUGS:
+ * - There are pops (we can't delay in trigger function, cause midlevel 
+ *   often need to trigger down and then up very quickly).
+ *   Any ideas?
+ * - Support for 16 bit DMA seems to be broken. I've no hardware to tune it.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * ES1868  NOTES:
+ * - The chip has one half duplex pcm (with very limited full duplex support).
+ *
+ * - Duplex stereophonic sound is impossible.
+ * - Record and playback must share the same frequency rate.
+ *
+ * - The driver use dma2 for playback and dma1 for capture.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * ES1869 NOTES:
+ *
+ * - there are a first full duplex pcm and a second playback only pcm
+ *   (incompatible with first pcm capture)
+ * 
+ * - there is support for the capture volume and ESS Spatializer 3D effect.
+ *
+ * - contrarily to some pages in DS_1869.PDF the rates can be set
+ *   independently.
+ *
+ * - Zoom Video is implemented by sharing the FM DAC, thus the user can
+ *   have either FM playback or Video playback but not both simultaneously.
+ *   The Video Playback Switch mixer control toggles this choice.
+ *
+ * BUGS:
+ *
+ * - There is a major trouble I noted:
+ *
+ *   using both channel for playback stereo 16 bit samples at 44100 Hz
+ *   the second pcm (Audio1) DMA slows down irregularly and sound is garbled.
+ *   
+ *   The same happens using Audio1 for captureing.
+ *
+ *   The Windows driver does not suffer of this (although it use Audio1
+ *   only for captureing). I'm unable to discover why.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * ES1879 NOTES:
+ * - When Zoom Video is enabled (reg 0x71 bit 6 toggled on) the PCM playback
+ *   seems to be effected (speaker_test plays a lower frequency). Can't find
+ *   anything in the datasheet to account for this, so a Video Playback Switch
+ *   control has been included to allow ZV to be enabled only when necessary.
+ *   Then again on at least one test system the 0x71 bit 6 enable bit is not 
+ *   needed for ZV, so maybe the datasheet is entirely wrong here.
+ */
+ 
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/pnp.h>
+#include <linux/isapnp.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/pcm_params.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IRQ
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_DMA
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+struct snd_es18xx {
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	unsigned long port;		/* port of ESS chip */
+	unsigned long ctrl_port;	/* Control port of ESS chip */
+	int irq;			/* IRQ number of ESS chip */
+	int dma1;			/* DMA1 */
+	int dma2;			/* DMA2 */
+	unsigned short version;		/* version of ESS chip */
+	int caps;			/* Chip capabilities */
+	unsigned short audio2_vol;	/* volume level of audio2 */
+
+	unsigned short active;		/* active channel mask */
+	unsigned int dma1_shift;
+	unsigned int dma2_shift;
+
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *playback_a_substream;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *capture_a_substream;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *playback_b_substream;
+
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+
+	struct snd_kcontrol *hw_volume;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *hw_switch;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *master_volume;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *master_switch;
+
+	spinlock_t reg_lock;
+	spinlock_t mixer_lock;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	unsigned char pm_reg;
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	struct pnp_dev *dev;
+	struct pnp_dev *devc;
+#endif
+};
+
+#define AUDIO1_IRQ	0x01
+#define AUDIO2_IRQ	0x02
+#define HWV_IRQ		0x04
+#define MPU_IRQ		0x08
+
+#define ES18XX_PCM2	0x0001	/* Has two useable PCM */
+#define ES18XX_SPATIALIZER 0x0002	/* Has 3D Spatializer */
+#define ES18XX_RECMIX	0x0004	/* Has record mixer */
+#define ES18XX_DUPLEX_MONO 0x0008	/* Has mono duplex only */
+#define ES18XX_DUPLEX_SAME 0x0010	/* Playback and record must share the same rate */
+#define ES18XX_NEW_RATE	0x0020	/* More precise rate setting */
+#define ES18XX_AUXB	0x0040	/* AuxB mixer control */
+#define ES18XX_HWV	0x0080	/* Has separate hardware volume mixer controls*/
+#define ES18XX_MONO	0x0100	/* Mono_in mixer control */
+#define ES18XX_I2S	0x0200	/* I2S mixer control */
+#define ES18XX_MUTEREC	0x0400	/* Record source can be muted */
+#define ES18XX_CONTROL	0x0800	/* Has control ports */
+#define ES18XX_GPO_2BIT	0x1000	/* GPO0,1 controlled by PM port */
+
+/* Power Management */
+#define ES18XX_PM	0x07
+#define ES18XX_PM_GPO0	0x01
+#define ES18XX_PM_GPO1	0x02
+#define ES18XX_PM_PDR	0x04
+#define ES18XX_PM_ANA	0x08
+#define ES18XX_PM_FM	0x020
+#define ES18XX_PM_SUS	0x080
+
+/* Lowlevel */
+
+#define DAC1 0x01
+#define ADC1 0x02
+#define DAC2 0x04
+#define MILLISECOND 10000
+
+static int snd_es18xx_dsp_command(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char val)
+{
+        int i;
+
+        for(i = MILLISECOND; i; i--)
+                if ((inb(chip->port + 0x0C) & 0x80) == 0) {
+                        outb(val, chip->port + 0x0C);
+                        return 0;
+                }
+	dev_err(chip->card->dev, "dsp_command: timeout (0x%x)\n", val);
+        return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_dsp_get_byte(struct snd_es18xx *chip)
+{
+        int i;
+
+        for(i = MILLISECOND/10; i; i--)
+                if (inb(chip->port + 0x0C) & 0x40)
+                        return inb(chip->port + 0x0A);
+	dev_err(chip->card->dev, "dsp_get_byte failed: 0x%lx = 0x%x!!!\n",
+		chip->port + 0x0A, inb(chip->port + 0x0A));
+        return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+#undef REG_DEBUG
+
+static int snd_es18xx_write(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
+			    unsigned char reg, unsigned char data)
+{
+	int ret;
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, reg);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+        ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, data);
+#ifdef REG_DEBUG
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "Reg %02x set to %02x\n", reg, data);
+#endif
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_read(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	int ret, data;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xC0);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+        ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, reg);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+	data = snd_es18xx_dsp_get_byte(chip);
+	ret = data;
+#ifdef REG_DEBUG
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "Reg %02x now is %02x (%d)\n", reg, data, ret);
+#endif
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* Return old value */
+static int snd_es18xx_bits(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg,
+			   unsigned char mask, unsigned char val)
+{
+        int ret;
+	unsigned char old, new, oval;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+        ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xC0);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+        ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, reg);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+	ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_get_byte(chip);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+	old = ret;
+	oval = old & mask;
+	if (val != oval) {
+		ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, reg);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			return ret;
+		new = (old & ~mask) | (val & mask);
+		ret = snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, new);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			return ret;
+#ifdef REG_DEBUG
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "Reg %02x was %02x, set to %02x (%d)\n",
+			reg, old, new, ret);
+#endif
+	}
+	return oval;
+}
+
+static inline void snd_es18xx_mixer_write(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
+			    unsigned char reg, unsigned char data)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->mixer_lock);
+        outb(reg, chip->port + 0x04);
+        outb(data, chip->port + 0x05);
+#ifdef REG_DEBUG
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "Mixer reg %02x set to %02x\n", reg, data);
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline int snd_es18xx_mixer_read(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	int data;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->mixer_lock);
+        outb(reg, chip->port + 0x04);
+	data = inb(chip->port + 0x05);
+#ifdef REG_DEBUG
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "Mixer reg %02x now is %02x\n", reg, data);
+#endif
+        return data;
+}
+
+/* Return old value */
+static inline int snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg,
+					unsigned char mask, unsigned char val)
+{
+	unsigned char old, new, oval;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->mixer_lock);
+        outb(reg, chip->port + 0x04);
+	old = inb(chip->port + 0x05);
+	oval = old & mask;
+	if (val != oval) {
+		new = (old & ~mask) | (val & mask);
+		outb(new, chip->port + 0x05);
+#ifdef REG_DEBUG
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "Mixer reg %02x was %02x, set to %02x\n",
+			reg, old, new);
+#endif
+	}
+	return oval;
+}
+
+static inline int snd_es18xx_mixer_writable(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg,
+					    unsigned char mask)
+{
+	int old, expected, new;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->mixer_lock);
+        outb(reg, chip->port + 0x04);
+	old = inb(chip->port + 0x05);
+	expected = old ^ mask;
+	outb(expected, chip->port + 0x05);
+	new = inb(chip->port + 0x05);
+#ifdef REG_DEBUG
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "Mixer reg %02x was %02x, set to %02x, now is %02x\n",
+		reg, old, expected, new);
+#endif
+	return expected == new;
+}
+
+
+static int snd_es18xx_reset(struct snd_es18xx *chip)
+{
+	int i;
+        outb(0x03, chip->port + 0x06);
+        inb(chip->port + 0x06);
+        outb(0x00, chip->port + 0x06);
+        for(i = 0; i < MILLISECOND && !(inb(chip->port + 0x0E) & 0x80); i++);
+        if (inb(chip->port + 0x0A) != 0xAA)
+                return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_reset_fifo(struct snd_es18xx *chip)
+{
+        outb(0x02, chip->port + 0x06);
+        inb(chip->port + 0x06);
+        outb(0x00, chip->port + 0x06);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ratnum new_clocks[2] = {
+	{
+		.num = 793800,
+		.den_min = 1,
+		.den_max = 128,
+		.den_step = 1,
+	},
+	{
+		.num = 768000,
+		.den_min = 1,
+		.den_max = 128,
+		.den_step = 1,
+	}
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums new_hw_constraints_clocks = {
+	.nrats = 2,
+	.rats = new_clocks,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_ratnum old_clocks[2] = {
+	{
+		.num = 795444,
+		.den_min = 1,
+		.den_max = 128,
+		.den_step = 1,
+	},
+	{
+		.num = 397722,
+		.den_min = 1,
+		.den_max = 128,
+		.den_step = 1,
+	}
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums old_hw_constraints_clocks  = {
+	.nrats = 2,
+	.rats = old_clocks,
+};
+
+
+static void snd_es18xx_rate_set(struct snd_es18xx *chip, 
+				struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				int mode)
+{
+	unsigned int bits, div0;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_NEW_RATE) {
+		if (runtime->rate_num == new_clocks[0].num)
+			bits = 128 - runtime->rate_den;
+		else
+			bits = 256 - runtime->rate_den;
+	} else {
+		if (runtime->rate_num == old_clocks[0].num)
+			bits = 256 - runtime->rate_den;
+		else
+			bits = 128 - runtime->rate_den;
+	}
+
+	/* set filter register */
+	div0 = 256 - 7160000*20/(8*82*runtime->rate);
+		
+	if ((chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2) && mode == DAC2) {
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x70, bits);
+		/*
+		 * Comment from kernel oss driver:
+		 * FKS: fascinating: 0x72 doesn't seem to work.
+		 */
+		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xA2, div0);
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x72, div0);
+	} else {
+		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xA1, bits);
+		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xA2, div0);
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					 struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	int shift;
+
+	shift = 0;
+	if (params_channels(hw_params) == 2)
+		shift++;
+	if (snd_pcm_format_width(params_format(hw_params)) == 16)
+		shift++;
+
+	if (substream->number == 0 && (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2)) {
+		if ((chip->caps & ES18XX_DUPLEX_MONO) &&
+		    (chip->capture_a_substream) &&
+		    params_channels(hw_params) != 1) {
+			_snd_pcm_hw_param_setempty(hw_params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS);
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+		chip->dma2_shift = shift;
+	} else {
+		chip->dma1_shift = shift;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_playback1_prepare(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
+					struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned int size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+
+        snd_es18xx_rate_set(chip, substream, DAC2);
+
+        /* Transfer Count Reload */
+        count = 0x10000 - count;
+        snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x74, count & 0xff);
+        snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x76, count >> 8);
+
+	/* Set format */
+        snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x7A, 0x07,
+			      ((runtime->channels == 1) ? 0x00 : 0x02) |
+			      (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16 ? 0x01 : 0x00) |
+			      (snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) ? 0x00 : 0x04));
+
+        /* Set DMA controller */
+        snd_dma_program(chip->dma2, runtime->dma_addr, size, DMA_MODE_WRITE | DMA_AUTOINIT);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_playback1_trigger(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
+					struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					int cmd)
+{
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
+		if (chip->active & DAC2)
+			return 0;
+		chip->active |= DAC2;
+                /* Start DMA */
+		if (chip->dma2 >= 4)
+			snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x78, 0xb3);
+		else
+			snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x78, 0x93);
+#ifdef AVOID_POPS
+		/* Avoid pops */
+		mdelay(100);
+		if (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2)
+			/* Restore Audio 2 volume */
+			snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x7C, chip->audio2_vol);
+		else
+			/* Enable PCM output */
+			snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xD1);
+#endif
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
+		if (!(chip->active & DAC2))
+			return 0;
+		chip->active &= ~DAC2;
+                /* Stop DMA */
+                snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x78, 0x00);
+#ifdef AVOID_POPS
+		mdelay(25);
+		if (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2)
+			/* Set Audio 2 volume to 0 */
+			snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x7C, 0);
+		else
+			/* Disable PCM output */
+			snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xD3);
+#endif
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_capture_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	int shift;
+
+	shift = 0;
+	if ((chip->caps & ES18XX_DUPLEX_MONO) &&
+	    chip->playback_a_substream &&
+	    params_channels(hw_params) != 1) {
+		_snd_pcm_hw_param_setempty(hw_params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	if (params_channels(hw_params) == 2)
+		shift++;
+	if (snd_pcm_format_width(params_format(hw_params)) == 16)
+		shift++;
+	chip->dma1_shift = shift;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+        struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned int size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+
+	snd_es18xx_reset_fifo(chip);
+
+        /* Set stereo/mono */
+        snd_es18xx_bits(chip, 0xA8, 0x03, runtime->channels == 1 ? 0x02 : 0x01);
+
+        snd_es18xx_rate_set(chip, substream, ADC1);
+
+        /* Transfer Count Reload */
+	count = 0x10000 - count;
+	snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xA4, count & 0xff);
+	snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xA5, count >> 8);
+
+#ifdef AVOID_POPS
+	mdelay(100);
+#endif
+
+        /* Set format */
+        snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB7, 
+                         snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) ? 0x51 : 0x71);
+        snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB7, 0x90 |
+                         ((runtime->channels == 1) ? 0x40 : 0x08) |
+                         (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16 ? 0x04 : 0x00) |
+                         (snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) ? 0x00 : 0x20));
+
+        /* Set DMA controller */
+        snd_dma_program(chip->dma1, runtime->dma_addr, size, DMA_MODE_READ | DMA_AUTOINIT);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_capture_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				      int cmd)
+{
+        struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
+		if (chip->active & ADC1)
+			return 0;
+		chip->active |= ADC1;
+                /* Start DMA */
+                snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB8, 0x0f);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
+		if (!(chip->active & ADC1))
+			return 0;
+		chip->active &= ~ADC1;
+                /* Stop DMA */
+                snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB8, 0x00);
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_playback2_prepare(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
+					struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned int size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+
+	snd_es18xx_reset_fifo(chip);
+
+        /* Set stereo/mono */
+        snd_es18xx_bits(chip, 0xA8, 0x03, runtime->channels == 1 ? 0x02 : 0x01);
+
+        snd_es18xx_rate_set(chip, substream, DAC1);
+
+        /* Transfer Count Reload */
+	count = 0x10000 - count;
+	snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xA4, count & 0xff);
+	snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xA5, count >> 8);
+
+        /* Set format */
+        snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB6,
+                         snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) ? 0x80 : 0x00);
+        snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB7, 
+                         snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) ? 0x51 : 0x71);
+        snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB7, 0x90 |
+                         (runtime->channels == 1 ? 0x40 : 0x08) |
+                         (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16 ? 0x04 : 0x00) |
+                         (snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) ? 0x00 : 0x20));
+
+        /* Set DMA controller */
+        snd_dma_program(chip->dma1, runtime->dma_addr, size, DMA_MODE_WRITE | DMA_AUTOINIT);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_playback2_trigger(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
+					struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					int cmd)
+{
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
+		if (chip->active & DAC1)
+			return 0;
+		chip->active |= DAC1;
+                /* Start DMA */
+                snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB8, 0x05);
+#ifdef AVOID_POPS
+		/* Avoid pops */
+		mdelay(100);
+                /* Enable Audio 1 */
+                snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xD1);
+#endif
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
+		if (!(chip->active & DAC1))
+			return 0;
+		chip->active &= ~DAC1;
+                /* Stop DMA */
+                snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB8, 0x00);
+#ifdef AVOID_POPS
+		/* Avoid pops */
+		mdelay(25);
+                /* Disable Audio 1 */
+                snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xD3);
+#endif
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+        struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	if (substream->number == 0 && (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2))
+		return snd_es18xx_playback1_prepare(chip, substream);
+	else
+		return snd_es18xx_playback2_prepare(chip, substream);
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_playback_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				       int cmd)
+{
+        struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	if (substream->number == 0 && (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2))
+		return snd_es18xx_playback1_trigger(chip, substream, cmd);
+	else
+		return snd_es18xx_playback2_trigger(chip, substream, cmd);
+}
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_es18xx_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_id;
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
+	unsigned char status;
+
+	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_CONTROL) {
+		/* Read Interrupt status */
+		status = inb(chip->ctrl_port + 6);
+	} else {
+		/* Read Interrupt status */
+		status = snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x7f) >> 4;
+	}
+#if 0
+	else {
+		status = 0;
+		if (inb(chip->port + 0x0C) & 0x01)
+			status |= AUDIO1_IRQ;
+		if (snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x7A) & 0x80)
+			status |= AUDIO2_IRQ;
+		if ((chip->caps & ES18XX_HWV) &&
+		    snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x64) & 0x10)
+			status |= HWV_IRQ;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	/* Audio 1 & Audio 2 */
+        if (status & AUDIO2_IRQ) {
+                if (chip->active & DAC2)
+                	snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->playback_a_substream);
+		/* ack interrupt */
+                snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x7A, 0x80, 0x00);
+        }
+        if (status & AUDIO1_IRQ) {
+                /* ok.. capture is active */
+                if (chip->active & ADC1)
+                	snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->capture_a_substream);
+                /* ok.. playback2 is active */
+                else if (chip->active & DAC1)
+                	snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->playback_b_substream);
+		/* ack interrupt */
+		inb(chip->port + 0x0E);
+        }
+
+	/* MPU */
+	if ((status & MPU_IRQ) && chip->rmidi)
+		snd_mpu401_uart_interrupt(irq, chip->rmidi->private_data);
+
+	/* Hardware volume */
+	if (status & HWV_IRQ) {
+		int split = 0;
+		if (chip->caps & ES18XX_HWV) {
+			split = snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x64) & 0x80;
+			snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+					&chip->hw_switch->id);
+			snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+					&chip->hw_volume->id);
+		}
+		if (!split) {
+			snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+					&chip->master_switch->id);
+			snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+					&chip->master_volume->id);
+		}
+		/* ack interrupt */
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x66, 0x00);
+	}
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_es18xx_playback_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+        struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	unsigned int size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	int pos;
+
+	if (substream->number == 0 && (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2)) {
+		if (!(chip->active & DAC2))
+			return 0;
+		pos = snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma2, size);
+		return pos >> chip->dma2_shift;
+	} else {
+		if (!(chip->active & DAC1))
+			return 0;
+		pos = snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma1, size);
+		return pos >> chip->dma1_shift;
+	}
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_es18xx_capture_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+        struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	unsigned int size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	int pos;
+
+        if (!(chip->active & ADC1))
+                return 0;
+	pos = snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma1, size);
+	return pos >> chip->dma1_shift;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_es18xx_playback =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
+	.formats =		(SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | 
+				 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE),
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_es18xx_capture =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
+	.formats =		(SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | 
+				 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE),
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static int snd_es18xx_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+        struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	if (substream->number == 0 && (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2)) {
+		if ((chip->caps & ES18XX_DUPLEX_MONO) &&
+		    chip->capture_a_substream && 
+		    chip->capture_a_substream->runtime->channels != 1)
+			return -EAGAIN;
+		chip->playback_a_substream = substream;
+	} else if (substream->number <= 1) {
+		if (chip->capture_a_substream)
+			return -EAGAIN;
+		chip->playback_b_substream = substream;
+	} else {
+		snd_BUG();
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	substream->runtime->hw = snd_es18xx_playback;
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+				      (chip->caps & ES18XX_NEW_RATE) ? &new_hw_constraints_clocks : &old_hw_constraints_clocks);
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+        struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+        if (chip->playback_b_substream)
+                return -EAGAIN;
+	if ((chip->caps & ES18XX_DUPLEX_MONO) &&
+	    chip->playback_a_substream &&
+	    chip->playback_a_substream->runtime->channels != 1)
+		return -EAGAIN;
+        chip->capture_a_substream = substream;
+	substream->runtime->hw = snd_es18xx_capture;
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+				      (chip->caps & ES18XX_NEW_RATE) ? &new_hw_constraints_clocks : &old_hw_constraints_clocks);
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+        struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	if (substream->number == 0 && (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2))
+		chip->playback_a_substream = NULL;
+	else
+		chip->playback_b_substream = NULL;
+	
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_capture_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+        struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+        chip->capture_a_substream = NULL;
+        return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  MIXER part
+ */
+
+/* Record source mux routines:
+ * Depending on the chipset this mux switches between 4, 5, or 8 possible inputs.
+ * bit table for the 4/5 source mux:
+ * reg 1C:
+ *  b2 b1 b0   muxSource
+ *   x  0  x   microphone
+ *   0  1  x   CD
+ *   1  1  0   line
+ *   1  1  1   mixer
+ * if it's "mixer" and it's a 5 source mux chipset then reg 7A bit 3 determines
+ * either the play mixer or the capture mixer.
+ *
+ * "map4Source" translates from source number to reg bit pattern
+ * "invMap4Source" translates from reg bit pattern to source number
+ */
+
+static int snd_es18xx_info_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts5Source[5] = {
+		"Mic", "CD", "Line", "Master", "Mix"
+	};
+	static const char * const texts8Source[8] = {
+		"Mic", "Mic Master", "CD", "AOUT",
+		"Mic1", "Mix", "Line", "Master"
+	};
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	switch (chip->version) {
+	case 0x1868:
+	case 0x1878:
+		return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 4, texts5Source);
+	case 0x1887:
+	case 0x1888:
+		return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 5, texts5Source);
+	case 0x1869: /* DS somewhat contradictory for 1869: could be 5 or 8 */
+	case 0x1879:
+		return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 8, texts8Source);
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_get_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	static const unsigned char invMap4Source[8] = {0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2, 3};
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int muxSource = snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x1c) & 0x07;
+	if (!(chip->version == 0x1869 || chip->version == 0x1879)) {
+		muxSource = invMap4Source[muxSource];
+		if (muxSource==3 && 
+		    (chip->version == 0x1887 || chip->version == 0x1888) &&
+		    (snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x7a) & 0x08)
+		) 
+			muxSource = 4;
+	}
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = muxSource;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_put_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	static const unsigned char map4Source[4] = {0, 2, 6, 7};
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char val = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0];
+	unsigned char retVal = 0;
+
+	switch (chip->version) {
+ /* 5 source chips */
+	case 0x1887:
+	case 0x1888:
+		if (val > 4)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		if (val == 4) {
+			retVal = snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x7a, 0x08, 0x08) != 0x08;
+			val = 3;
+		} else
+			retVal = snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x7a, 0x08, 0x00) != 0x00;
+		fallthrough;
+ /* 4 source chips */
+	case 0x1868:
+	case 0x1878:
+		if (val > 3)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		val = map4Source[val];
+		break;
+ /* 8 source chips */
+	case 0x1869:
+	case 0x1879:
+		if (val > 7)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return (snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x1c, 0x07, val) != val) || retVal;
+}
+
+#define snd_es18xx_info_spatializer_enable	snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
+
+static int snd_es18xx_get_spatializer_enable(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char val = snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x50);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = !!(val & 8);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_put_spatializer_enable(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char oval, nval;
+	int change;
+	nval = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] ? 0x0c : 0x04;
+	oval = snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x50) & 0x0c;
+	change = nval != oval;
+	if (change) {
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x50, nval & ~0x04);
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x50, nval);
+	}
+	return change;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_info_hw_volume(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 63;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_get_hw_volume(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x61) & 0x3f;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x63) & 0x3f;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define snd_es18xx_info_hw_switch	snd_ctl_boolean_stereo_info
+
+static int snd_es18xx_get_hw_switch(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = !(snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x61) & 0x40);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = !(snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, 0x63) & 0x40);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_es18xx_hwv_free(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	chip->master_volume = NULL;
+	chip->master_switch = NULL;
+	chip->hw_volume = NULL;
+	chip->hw_switch = NULL;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_reg_bits(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg,
+			       unsigned char mask, unsigned char val)
+{
+	if (reg < 0xa0)
+		return snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, reg, mask, val);
+	else
+		return snd_es18xx_bits(chip, reg, mask, val);
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_reg_read(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	if (reg < 0xa0)
+		return snd_es18xx_mixer_read(chip, reg);
+	else
+		return snd_es18xx_read(chip, reg);
+}
+
+#define ES18XX_SINGLE(xname, xindex, reg, shift, mask, flags) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_es18xx_info_single, \
+  .get = snd_es18xx_get_single, .put = snd_es18xx_put_single, \
+  .private_value = reg | (shift << 8) | (mask << 16) | (flags << 24) }
+
+#define ES18XX_FL_INVERT	(1 << 0)
+#define ES18XX_FL_PMPORT	(1 << 1)
+
+static int snd_es18xx_info_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+
+	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_get_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & ES18XX_FL_INVERT;
+	int pm_port = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & ES18XX_FL_PMPORT;
+	int val;
+
+	if (pm_port)
+		val = inb(chip->port + ES18XX_PM);
+	else
+		val = snd_es18xx_reg_read(chip, reg);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (val >> shift) & mask;
+	if (invert)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_put_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & ES18XX_FL_INVERT;
+	int pm_port = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & ES18XX_FL_PMPORT;
+	unsigned char val;
+	
+	val = (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask);
+	if (invert)
+		val = mask - val;
+	mask <<= shift;
+	val <<= shift;
+	if (pm_port) {
+		unsigned char cur = inb(chip->port + ES18XX_PM);
+
+		if ((cur & mask) == val)
+			return 0;
+		outb((cur & ~mask) | val, chip->port + ES18XX_PM);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return snd_es18xx_reg_bits(chip, reg, mask, val) != val;
+}
+
+#define ES18XX_DOUBLE(xname, xindex, left_reg, right_reg, shift_left, shift_right, mask, invert) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_es18xx_info_double, \
+  .get = snd_es18xx_get_double, .put = snd_es18xx_put_double, \
+  .private_value = left_reg | (right_reg << 8) | (shift_left << 16) | (shift_right << 19) | (mask << 24) | (invert << 22) }
+
+static int snd_es18xx_info_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+
+	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_get_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 22) & 1;
+	unsigned char left, right;
+	
+	left = snd_es18xx_reg_read(chip, left_reg);
+	if (left_reg != right_reg)
+		right = snd_es18xx_reg_read(chip, right_reg);
+	else
+		right = left;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (left >> shift_left) & mask;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = (right >> shift_right) & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[1];
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_put_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 22) & 1;
+	int change;
+	unsigned char val1, val2, mask1, mask2;
+	
+	val1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask;
+	val2 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		val1 = mask - val1;
+		val2 = mask - val2;
+	}
+	val1 <<= shift_left;
+	val2 <<= shift_right;
+	mask1 = mask << shift_left;
+	mask2 = mask << shift_right;
+	if (left_reg != right_reg) {
+		change = 0;
+		if (snd_es18xx_reg_bits(chip, left_reg, mask1, val1) != val1)
+			change = 1;
+		if (snd_es18xx_reg_bits(chip, right_reg, mask2, val2) != val2)
+			change = 1;
+	} else {
+		change = (snd_es18xx_reg_bits(chip, left_reg, mask1 | mask2, 
+					      val1 | val2) != (val1 | val2));
+	}
+	return change;
+}
+
+/* Mixer controls
+ * These arrays contain setup data for mixer controls.
+ * 
+ * The controls that are universal to all chipsets are fully initialized
+ * here.
+ */
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_base_controls[] = {
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("Master Playback Volume", 0, 0x60, 0x62, 0, 0, 63, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("Master Playback Switch", 0, 0x60, 0x62, 6, 6, 1, 1),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("Line Playback Volume", 0, 0x3e, 0x3e, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("CD Playback Volume", 0, 0x38, 0x38, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("FM Playback Volume", 0, 0x36, 0x36, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("Mic Playback Volume", 0, 0x1a, 0x1a, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("Aux Playback Volume", 0, 0x3a, 0x3a, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES18XX_SINGLE("Record Monitor", 0, 0xa8, 3, 1, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("Capture Volume", 0, 0xb4, 0xb4, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Capture Source",
+	.info = snd_es18xx_info_mux,
+	.get = snd_es18xx_get_mux,
+	.put = snd_es18xx_put_mux,
+}
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_recmix_controls[] = {
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("PCM Capture Volume", 0, 0x69, 0x69, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("Mic Capture Volume", 0, 0x68, 0x68, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("Line Capture Volume", 0, 0x6e, 0x6e, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("FM Capture Volume", 0, 0x6b, 0x6b, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("CD Capture Volume", 0, 0x6a, 0x6a, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("Aux Capture Volume", 0, 0x6c, 0x6c, 4, 0, 15, 0)
+};
+
+/*
+ * The chipset specific mixer controls
+ */
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_opt_speaker =
+	ES18XX_SINGLE("Beep Playback Volume", 0, 0x3c, 0, 7, 0);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_opt_1869[] = {
+ES18XX_SINGLE("Capture Switch", 0, 0x1c, 4, 1, ES18XX_FL_INVERT),
+ES18XX_SINGLE("Video Playback Switch", 0, 0x7f, 0, 1, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("Mono Playback Volume", 0, 0x6d, 0x6d, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("Mono Capture Volume", 0, 0x6f, 0x6f, 4, 0, 15, 0)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_opt_1878 =
+	ES18XX_DOUBLE("Video Playback Volume", 0, 0x68, 0x68, 4, 0, 15, 0);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_opt_1879[] = {
+ES18XX_SINGLE("Video Playback Switch", 0, 0x71, 6, 1, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("Video Playback Volume", 0, 0x6d, 0x6d, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("Video Capture Volume", 0, 0x6f, 0x6f, 4, 0, 15, 0)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_pcm1_controls[] = {
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Volume", 0, 0x14, 0x14, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_pcm2_controls[] = {
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Volume", 0, 0x7c, 0x7c, 4, 0, 15, 0),
+ES18XX_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Volume", 1, 0x14, 0x14, 4, 0, 15, 0)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_spatializer_controls[] = {
+ES18XX_SINGLE("3D Control - Level", 0, 0x52, 0, 63, 0),
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "3D Control - Switch",
+	.info = snd_es18xx_info_spatializer_enable,
+	.get = snd_es18xx_get_spatializer_enable,
+	.put = snd_es18xx_put_spatializer_enable,
+}
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_micpre1_control =
+ES18XX_SINGLE("Mic Boost (+26dB)", 0, 0xa9, 2, 1, 0);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_micpre2_control =
+ES18XX_SINGLE("Mic Boost (+26dB)", 0, 0x7d, 3, 1, 0);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_hw_volume_controls[] = {
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Hardware Master Playback Volume",
+	.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
+	.info = snd_es18xx_info_hw_volume,
+	.get = snd_es18xx_get_hw_volume,
+},
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Hardware Master Playback Switch",
+	.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
+	.info = snd_es18xx_info_hw_switch,
+	.get = snd_es18xx_get_hw_switch,
+},
+ES18XX_SINGLE("Hardware Master Volume Split", 0, 0x64, 7, 1, 0),
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_es18xx_opt_gpo_2bit[] = {
+ES18XX_SINGLE("GPO0 Switch", 0, ES18XX_PM, 0, 1, ES18XX_FL_PMPORT),
+ES18XX_SINGLE("GPO1 Switch", 0, ES18XX_PM, 1, 1, ES18XX_FL_PMPORT),
+};
+
+static int snd_es18xx_config_read(struct snd_es18xx *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	outb(reg, chip->ctrl_port);
+	return inb(chip->ctrl_port + 1);
+}
+
+static void snd_es18xx_config_write(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
+				    unsigned char reg, unsigned char data)
+{
+	/* No need for spinlocks, this function is used only in
+	   otherwise protected init code */
+	outb(reg, chip->ctrl_port);
+	outb(data, chip->ctrl_port + 1);
+#ifdef REG_DEBUG
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "Config reg %02x set to %02x\n", reg, data);
+#endif
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_initialize(struct snd_es18xx *chip,
+				 unsigned long mpu_port,
+				 unsigned long fm_port)
+{
+	int mask = 0;
+
+        /* enable extended mode */
+        snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xC6);
+	/* Reset mixer registers */
+	snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x00, 0x00);
+
+        /* Audio 1 DMA demand mode (4 bytes/request) */
+        snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB9, 2);
+	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_CONTROL) {
+		/* Hardware volume IRQ */
+		snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x27, chip->irq);
+		if (fm_port > 0 && fm_port != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+			/* FM I/O */
+			snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x62, fm_port >> 8);
+			snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x63, fm_port & 0xff);
+		}
+		if (mpu_port > 0 && mpu_port != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+			/* MPU-401 I/O */
+			snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x64, mpu_port >> 8);
+			snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x65, mpu_port & 0xff);
+			/* MPU-401 IRQ */
+			snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x28, chip->irq);
+		}
+		/* Audio1 IRQ */
+		snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x70, chip->irq);
+		/* Audio2 IRQ */
+		snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x72, chip->irq);
+		/* Audio1 DMA */
+		snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x74, chip->dma1);
+		/* Audio2 DMA */
+		snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x75, chip->dma2);
+
+		/* Enable Audio 1 IRQ */
+		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB1, 0x50);
+		/* Enable Audio 2 IRQ */
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x7A, 0x40);
+		/* Enable Audio 1 DMA */
+		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB2, 0x50);
+		/* Enable MPU and hardware volume interrupt */
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x64, 0x42);
+		/* Enable ESS wavetable input */
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x48, 0x10, 0x10);
+	}
+	else {
+		int irqmask, dma1mask, dma2mask;
+		switch (chip->irq) {
+		case 2:
+		case 9:
+			irqmask = 0;
+			break;
+		case 5:
+			irqmask = 1;
+			break;
+		case 7:
+			irqmask = 2;
+			break;
+		case 10:
+			irqmask = 3;
+			break;
+		default:
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev, "invalid irq %d\n", chip->irq);
+			return -ENODEV;
+		}
+		switch (chip->dma1) {
+		case 0:
+			dma1mask = 1;
+			break;
+		case 1:
+			dma1mask = 2;
+			break;
+		case 3:
+			dma1mask = 3;
+			break;
+		default:
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev, "invalid dma1 %d\n", chip->dma1);
+			return -ENODEV;
+		}
+		switch (chip->dma2) {
+		case 0:
+			dma2mask = 0;
+			break;
+		case 1:
+			dma2mask = 1;
+			break;
+		case 3:
+			dma2mask = 2;
+			break;
+		case 5:
+			dma2mask = 3;
+			break;
+		default:
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev, "invalid dma2 %d\n", chip->dma2);
+			return -ENODEV;
+		}
+
+		/* Enable and set Audio 1 IRQ */
+		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB1, 0x50 | (irqmask << 2));
+		/* Enable and set Audio 1 DMA */
+		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB2, 0x50 | (dma1mask << 2));
+		/* Set Audio 2 DMA */
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x7d, 0x07, 0x04 | dma2mask);
+		/* Enable Audio 2 IRQ and DMA
+		   Set capture mixer input */
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x7A, 0x68);
+		/* Enable and set hardware volume interrupt */
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x64, 0x06);
+		if (mpu_port > 0 && mpu_port != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+			/* MPU401 share irq with audio
+			   Joystick enabled
+			   FM enabled */
+			snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x40,
+					       0x43 | (mpu_port & 0xf0) >> 1);
+		}
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x7f, ((irqmask + 1) << 1) | 0x01);
+	}
+	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_NEW_RATE) {
+		/* Change behaviour of register A1
+		   4x oversampling
+		   2nd channel DAC asynchronous */
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x71, 0x32);
+	}
+	if (!(chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2)) {
+		/* Enable DMA FIFO */
+		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xB7, 0x80);
+	}
+	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_SPATIALIZER) {
+		/* Set spatializer parameters to recommended values */
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x54, 0x8f);
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x56, 0x95);
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x58, 0x94);
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x5a, 0x80);
+	}
+	/* Flip the "enable I2S" bits for those chipsets that need it */
+	switch (chip->version) {
+	case 0x1879:
+		//Leaving I2S enabled on the 1879 screws up the PCM playback (rate effected somehow)
+		//so a Switch control has been added to toggle this 0x71 bit on/off:
+		//snd_es18xx_mixer_bits(chip, 0x71, 0x40, 0x40);
+		/* Note: we fall through on purpose here. */
+	case 0x1878:
+		snd_es18xx_config_write(chip, 0x29, snd_es18xx_config_read(chip, 0x29) | 0x40);
+		break;
+	}
+	/* Mute input source */
+	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_MUTEREC)
+		mask = 0x10;
+	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_RECMIX)
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x1c, 0x05 | mask);
+	else {
+		snd_es18xx_mixer_write(chip, 0x1c, 0x00 | mask);
+		snd_es18xx_write(chip, 0xb4, 0x00);
+	}
+#ifndef AVOID_POPS
+	/* Enable PCM output */
+	snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xD1);
+#endif
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_identify(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_es18xx *chip)
+{
+	int hi,lo;
+
+	/* reset */
+	if (snd_es18xx_reset(chip) < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "reset at 0x%lx failed!!!\n", chip->port);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	snd_es18xx_dsp_command(chip, 0xe7);
+	hi = snd_es18xx_dsp_get_byte(chip);
+	if (hi < 0) {
+		return hi;
+	}
+	lo = snd_es18xx_dsp_get_byte(chip);
+	if ((lo & 0xf0) != 0x80) {
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	if (hi == 0x48) {
+		chip->version = 0x488;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (hi != 0x68) {
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	if ((lo & 0x0f) < 8) {
+		chip->version = 0x688;
+		return 0;
+	}
+			
+        outb(0x40, chip->port + 0x04);
+	udelay(10);
+	hi = inb(chip->port + 0x05);
+	udelay(10);
+	lo = inb(chip->port + 0x05);
+	if (hi != lo) {
+		chip->version = hi << 8 | lo;
+		chip->ctrl_port = inb(chip->port + 0x05) << 8;
+		udelay(10);
+		chip->ctrl_port += inb(chip->port + 0x05);
+
+		if (!devm_request_region(card->dev, chip->ctrl_port, 8,
+					 "ES18xx - CTRL")) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "unable go grab port 0x%lx\n", chip->ctrl_port);
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* If has Hardware volume */
+	if (snd_es18xx_mixer_writable(chip, 0x64, 0x04)) {
+		/* If has Audio2 */
+		if (snd_es18xx_mixer_writable(chip, 0x70, 0x7f)) {
+			/* If has volume count */
+			if (snd_es18xx_mixer_writable(chip, 0x64, 0x20)) {
+				chip->version = 0x1887;
+			} else {
+				chip->version = 0x1888;
+			}
+		} else {
+			chip->version = 0x1788;
+		}
+	}
+	else
+		chip->version = 0x1688;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_probe(struct snd_card *card,
+			    struct snd_es18xx *chip,
+			    unsigned long mpu_port,
+			    unsigned long fm_port)
+{
+	if (snd_es18xx_identify(card, chip) < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "[0x%lx] ESS chip not found\n", chip->port);
+                return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	switch (chip->version) {
+	case 0x1868:
+		chip->caps = ES18XX_DUPLEX_MONO | ES18XX_DUPLEX_SAME | ES18XX_CONTROL | ES18XX_GPO_2BIT;
+		break;
+	case 0x1869:
+		chip->caps = ES18XX_PCM2 | ES18XX_SPATIALIZER | ES18XX_RECMIX | ES18XX_NEW_RATE | ES18XX_AUXB | ES18XX_MONO | ES18XX_MUTEREC | ES18XX_CONTROL | ES18XX_HWV | ES18XX_GPO_2BIT;
+		break;
+	case 0x1878:
+		chip->caps = ES18XX_DUPLEX_MONO | ES18XX_DUPLEX_SAME | ES18XX_I2S | ES18XX_CONTROL;
+		break;
+	case 0x1879:
+		chip->caps = ES18XX_PCM2 | ES18XX_SPATIALIZER | ES18XX_RECMIX | ES18XX_NEW_RATE | ES18XX_AUXB | ES18XX_I2S | ES18XX_CONTROL | ES18XX_HWV;
+		break;
+	case 0x1887:
+	case 0x1888:
+		chip->caps = ES18XX_PCM2 | ES18XX_RECMIX | ES18XX_AUXB | ES18XX_DUPLEX_SAME | ES18XX_GPO_2BIT;
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_err(card->dev, "[0x%lx] unsupported chip ES%x\n",
+			chip->port, chip->version);
+                return -ENODEV;
+        }
+
+	dev_dbg(card->dev, "[0x%lx] ESS%x chip found\n", chip->port, chip->version);
+
+	if (chip->dma1 == chip->dma2)
+		chip->caps &= ~(ES18XX_PCM2 | ES18XX_DUPLEX_SAME);
+
+	return snd_es18xx_initialize(chip, mpu_port, fm_port);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_es18xx_playback_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_es18xx_playback_open,
+	.close =	snd_es18xx_playback_close,
+	.hw_params =	snd_es18xx_playback_hw_params,
+	.prepare =	snd_es18xx_playback_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_es18xx_playback_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_es18xx_playback_pointer,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_es18xx_capture_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_es18xx_capture_open,
+	.close =	snd_es18xx_capture_close,
+	.hw_params =	snd_es18xx_capture_hw_params,
+	.prepare =	snd_es18xx_capture_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_es18xx_capture_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_es18xx_capture_pointer,
+};
+
+static int snd_es18xx_pcm(struct snd_card *card, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
+        struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	char str[16];
+	int err;
+
+	sprintf(str, "ES%x", chip->version);
+	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2)
+		err = snd_pcm_new(card, str, device, 2, 1, &pcm);
+	else
+		err = snd_pcm_new(card, str, device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+        if (err < 0)
+                return err;
+
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_es18xx_playback_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_es18xx_capture_ops);
+
+	/* global setup */
+        pcm->private_data = chip;
+        pcm->info_flags = 0;
+	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_DUPLEX_SAME)
+		pcm->info_flags |= SNDRV_PCM_INFO_JOINT_DUPLEX;
+	if (! (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2))
+		pcm->info_flags |= SNDRV_PCM_INFO_HALF_DUPLEX;
+	sprintf(pcm->name, "ESS AudioDrive ES%x", chip->version);
+        chip->pcm = pcm;
+
+	snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, card->dev,
+				       64*1024,
+				       chip->dma1 > 3 || chip->dma2 > 3 ? 128*1024 : 64*1024);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Power Management support functions */
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_es18xx_suspend(struct snd_card *card, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+
+	/* power down */
+	chip->pm_reg = (unsigned char)snd_es18xx_read(chip, ES18XX_PM);
+	chip->pm_reg |= (ES18XX_PM_FM | ES18XX_PM_SUS);
+	snd_es18xx_write(chip, ES18XX_PM, chip->pm_reg);
+	snd_es18xx_write(chip, ES18XX_PM, chip->pm_reg ^= ES18XX_PM_SUS);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_resume(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
+
+	/* restore PM register, we won't wake till (not 0x07) i/o activity though */
+	snd_es18xx_write(chip, ES18XX_PM, chip->pm_reg ^= ES18XX_PM_FM);
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_PM */
+
+static int snd_es18xx_new_device(struct snd_card *card,
+				 unsigned long port,
+				 unsigned long mpu_port,
+				 unsigned long fm_port,
+				 int irq, int dma1, int dma2)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
+
+	chip->card = card;
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->reg_lock);
+ 	spin_lock_init(&chip->mixer_lock);
+        chip->port = port;
+        chip->irq = -1;
+        chip->dma1 = -1;
+        chip->dma2 = -1;
+        chip->audio2_vol = 0x00;
+	chip->active = 0;
+
+	if (!devm_request_region(card->dev, port, 16, "ES18xx")) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "unable to grab ports 0x%lx-0x%lx\n", port, port + 16 - 1);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	if (devm_request_irq(card->dev, irq, snd_es18xx_interrupt, 0, "ES18xx",
+			     (void *) card)) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", irq);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->irq = irq;
+	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
+
+	if (snd_devm_request_dma(card->dev, dma1, "ES18xx DMA 1")) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "unable to grab DMA1 %d\n", dma1);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->dma1 = dma1;
+
+	if (dma2 != dma1 &&
+	    snd_devm_request_dma(card->dev, dma2, "ES18xx DMA 2")) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "unable to grab DMA2 %d\n", dma2);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->dma2 = dma2;
+
+	if (snd_es18xx_probe(card, chip, mpu_port, fm_port) < 0)
+		return -ENODEV;
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_mixer(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
+	int err;
+	unsigned int idx;
+
+	strscpy(card->mixername, chip->pcm->name);
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_base_controls); idx++) {
+		struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_base_controls[idx], chip);
+		if (!kctl)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		if (chip->caps & ES18XX_HWV) {
+			switch (idx) {
+			case 0:
+				chip->master_volume = kctl;
+				kctl->private_free = snd_es18xx_hwv_free;
+				break;
+			case 1:
+				chip->master_switch = kctl;
+				kctl->private_free = snd_es18xx_hwv_free;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_PCM2) {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_pcm2_controls); idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_pcm2_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		} 
+	} else {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_pcm1_controls); idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_pcm1_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_RECMIX) {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_recmix_controls); idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_recmix_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	switch (chip->version) {
+	default:
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_micpre1_control, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		break;
+	case 0x1869:
+	case 0x1879:
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_micpre2_control, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		break;
+	}
+	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_SPATIALIZER) {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_spatializer_controls); idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_spatializer_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_HWV) {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_hw_volume_controls); idx++) {
+			struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+			kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_hw_volume_controls[idx], chip);
+			if (!kctl)
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			if (idx == 0)
+				chip->hw_volume = kctl;
+			else
+				chip->hw_switch = kctl;
+			kctl->private_free = snd_es18xx_hwv_free;
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+			
+		}
+	}
+	/* finish initializing other chipset specific controls
+	 */
+	if (chip->version != 0x1868) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_opt_speaker,
+						     chip));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	if (chip->version == 0x1869) {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_opt_1869); idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card,
+					  snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_opt_1869[idx],
+						       chip));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	} else if (chip->version == 0x1878) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_opt_1878,
+						     chip));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	} else if (chip->version == 0x1879) {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_opt_1879); idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card,
+					  snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_opt_1879[idx],
+						       chip));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	if (chip->caps & ES18XX_GPO_2BIT) {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_es18xx_opt_gpo_2bit); idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card,
+					  snd_ctl_new1(&snd_es18xx_opt_gpo_2bit[idx],
+						       chip));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+       
+
+/* Card level */
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Christian Fischbach <fishbach@pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de>, Abramo Bagnara <abramo@alsa-project.org>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ESS ES18xx AudioDrive");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_ISAPNP; /* Enable this card */
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static bool isapnp[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_ISAPNP;
+#endif
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280 */
+#ifndef CONFIG_PNP
+static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = -1};
+#else
+static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+#endif
+static long fm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5,7,9,10 */
+static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0,1,3 */
+static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0,1,3 */
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for ES18xx soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for ES18xx soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable ES18xx soundcard.");
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+module_param_array(isapnp, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(isapnp, "PnP detection for specified soundcard.");
+#endif
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for ES18xx driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_port, "MPU-401 port # for ES18xx driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(fm_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fm_port, "FM port # for ES18xx driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for ES18xx driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma1, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "DMA 1 # for ES18xx driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma2, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "DMA 2 # for ES18xx driver.");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int isa_registered __ro_after_init;
+static int pnp_registered __ro_after_init;
+static int pnpc_registered __ro_after_init;
+
+static const struct pnp_device_id snd_audiodrive_pnpbiosids[] = {
+	{ .id = "ESS1869" },
+	{ .id = "ESS1879" },
+	{ }			/* end */
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp, snd_audiodrive_pnpbiosids);
+
+/* PnP main device initialization */
+static int snd_audiodrive_pnp_init_main(int dev, struct pnp_dev *pdev)
+{
+	if (pnp_activate_dev(pdev) < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "PnP configure failure (out of resources?)\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	/* ok. hack using Vendor-Defined Card-Level registers */
+	/* skip csn and logdev initialization - already done in isapnp_configure */
+	if (pnp_device_is_isapnp(pdev)) {
+		isapnp_cfg_begin(isapnp_card_number(pdev), isapnp_csn_number(pdev));
+		isapnp_write_byte(0x27, pnp_irq(pdev, 0));	/* Hardware Volume IRQ Number */
+		if (mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+			isapnp_write_byte(0x28, pnp_irq(pdev, 0)); /* MPU-401 IRQ Number */
+		isapnp_write_byte(0x72, pnp_irq(pdev, 0));	/* second IRQ */
+		isapnp_cfg_end();
+	}
+	port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	fm_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1);
+	mpu_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 2);
+	dma1[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	dma2[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
+	irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+	dev_dbg(&pdev->dev,
+		"PnP ES18xx: port=0x%lx, fm port=0x%lx, mpu port=0x%lx\n",
+		port[dev], fm_port[dev], mpu_port[dev]);
+	dev_dbg(&pdev->dev,
+		"PnP ES18xx: dma1=%i, dma2=%i, irq=%i\n",
+		dma1[dev], dma2[dev], irq[dev]);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_audiodrive_pnp(int dev, struct snd_es18xx *chip,
+			      struct pnp_dev *pdev)
+{
+	chip->dev = pdev;
+	if (snd_audiodrive_pnp_init_main(dev, chip->dev) < 0)
+		return -EBUSY;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id snd_audiodrive_pnpids[] = {
+	/* ESS 1868 (integrated on Compaq dual P-Pro motherboard and Genius 18PnP 3D) */
+	{ .id = "ESS1868", .devs = { { "ESS1868" }, { "ESS0000" } } },
+	/* ESS 1868 (integrated on Maxisound Cards) */
+	{ .id = "ESS1868", .devs = { { "ESS8601" }, { "ESS8600" } } },
+	/* ESS 1868 (integrated on Maxisound Cards) */
+	{ .id = "ESS1868", .devs = { { "ESS8611" }, { "ESS8610" } } },
+	/* ESS ES1869 Plug and Play AudioDrive */
+	{ .id = "ESS0003", .devs = { { "ESS1869" }, { "ESS0006" } } },
+	/* ESS 1869 */
+	{ .id = "ESS1869", .devs = { { "ESS1869" }, { "ESS0006" } } },
+	/* ESS 1878 */
+	{ .id = "ESS1878", .devs = { { "ESS1878" }, { "ESS0004" } } },
+	/* ESS 1879 */
+	{ .id = "ESS1879", .devs = { { "ESS1879" }, { "ESS0009" } } },
+	/* --- */
+	{ .id = "" } /* end */
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_audiodrive_pnpids);
+
+static int snd_audiodrive_pnpc(int dev, struct snd_es18xx *chip,
+			       struct pnp_card_link *card,
+			       const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
+{
+	chip->dev = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (chip->dev == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	chip->devc = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[1].id, NULL);
+	if (chip->devc == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	/* Control port initialization */
+	if (pnp_activate_dev(chip->devc) < 0) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+			"PnP control configure failure (out of resources?)\n");
+		return -EAGAIN;
+	}
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "pnp: port=0x%llx\n",
+		(unsigned long long)pnp_port_start(chip->devc, 0));
+	if (snd_audiodrive_pnp_init_main(dev, chip->dev) < 0)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+#define is_isapnp_selected(dev)		isapnp[dev]
+#else
+#define is_isapnp_selected(dev)		0
+#endif
+
+static int snd_es18xx_card_new(struct device *pdev, int dev,
+			       struct snd_card **cardp)
+{
+	return snd_devm_card_new(pdev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				 sizeof(struct snd_es18xx), cardp);
+}
+
+static int snd_audiodrive_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_es18xx *chip = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_es18xx_new_device(card,
+				    port[dev], mpu_port[dev], fm_port[dev],
+				    irq[dev], dma1[dev], dma2[dev]);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	sprintf(card->driver, "ES%x", chip->version);
+	
+	sprintf(card->shortname, "ESS AudioDrive ES%x", chip->version);
+	if (dma1[dev] != dma2[dev])
+		sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma1 %d, dma2 %d",
+			card->shortname,
+			chip->port,
+			irq[dev], dma1[dev], dma2[dev]);
+	else
+		sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d",
+			card->shortname,
+			chip->port,
+			irq[dev], dma1[dev]);
+
+	err = snd_es18xx_pcm(card, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_es18xx_mixer(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (fm_port[dev] > 0 && fm_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (snd_opl3_create(card, fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2,
+				    OPL3_HW_OPL3, 0, &opl3) < 0) {
+			dev_warn(card->dev,
+				 "opl3 not detected at 0x%lx\n",
+				 fm_port[dev]);
+		} else {
+			err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (mpu_port[dev] > 0 && mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_ES18XX,
+					  mpu_port[dev], MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK,
+					  -1, &chip->rmidi);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	return snd_card_register(card);
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_isa_match(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	return enable[dev] && !is_isapnp_selected(dev);
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_isa_probe1(int dev, struct device *devptr)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_es18xx_card_new(devptr, dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_audiodrive_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	dev_set_drvdata(devptr, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_isa_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	int err;
+	static const int possible_irqs[] = {5, 9, 10, 7, 11, 12, -1};
+	static const int possible_dmas[] = {1, 0, 3, 5, -1};
+
+	if (irq[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		irq[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (irq[dev] < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma1[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma1[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (dma1[dev] < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free DMA1\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma2[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma2[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (dma2[dev] < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free DMA2\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		return snd_es18xx_isa_probe1(dev, pdev);
+	} else {
+		static const unsigned long possible_ports[] = {0x220, 0x240, 0x260, 0x280};
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(possible_ports); i++) {
+			port[dev] = possible_ports[i];
+			err = snd_es18xx_isa_probe1(dev, pdev);
+			if (! err)
+				return 0;
+		}
+		return err;
+	}
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_es18xx_isa_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+				  pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_es18xx_suspend(dev_get_drvdata(dev), state);
+}
+
+static int snd_es18xx_isa_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	return snd_es18xx_resume(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+#endif
+
+#define DEV_NAME "es18xx"
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_es18xx_isa_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_es18xx_isa_match,
+	.probe		= snd_es18xx_isa_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_es18xx_isa_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_es18xx_isa_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	},
+};
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int snd_audiodrive_pnp_detect(struct pnp_dev *pdev,
+				     const struct pnp_device_id *id)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	int err;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+
+	if (pnp_device_is_isapnp(pdev))
+		return -ENOENT;	/* we have another procedure - card */
+	for (; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (enable[dev] && isapnp[dev])
+			break;
+	}
+	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	err = snd_es18xx_card_new(&pdev->dev, dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_audiodrive_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_audiodrive_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pnp_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_audiodrive_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_dev *pdev, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_es18xx_suspend(pnp_get_drvdata(pdev), state);
+}
+static int snd_audiodrive_pnp_resume(struct pnp_dev *pdev)
+{
+	return snd_es18xx_resume(pnp_get_drvdata(pdev));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_driver es18xx_pnp_driver = {
+	.name = "es18xx-pnpbios",
+	.id_table = snd_audiodrive_pnpbiosids,
+	.probe = snd_audiodrive_pnp_detect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend = snd_audiodrive_pnp_suspend,
+	.resume = snd_audiodrive_pnp_resume,
+#endif
+};
+
+static int snd_audiodrive_pnpc_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				      const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int res;
+
+	for ( ; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (enable[dev] && isapnp[dev])
+			break;
+	}
+	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	res = snd_es18xx_card_new(&pcard->card->dev, dev, &card);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+
+	res = snd_audiodrive_pnpc(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+	res = snd_audiodrive_probe(card, dev);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_audiodrive_pnpc_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_es18xx_suspend(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard), state);
+}
+
+static int snd_audiodrive_pnpc_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	return snd_es18xx_resume(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver es18xx_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags = PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
+	.name = "es18xx",
+	.id_table = snd_audiodrive_pnpids,
+	.probe = snd_audiodrive_pnpc_detect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_audiodrive_pnpc_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_audiodrive_pnpc_resume,
+#endif
+};
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static int __init alsa_card_es18xx_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = isa_register_driver(&snd_es18xx_isa_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (!err)
+		isa_registered = 1;
+
+	err = pnp_register_driver(&es18xx_pnp_driver);
+	if (!err)
+		pnp_registered = 1;
+
+	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&es18xx_pnpc_driver);
+	if (!err)
+		pnpc_registered = 1;
+
+	if (isa_registered || pnp_registered)
+		err = 0;
+#endif
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_card_es18xx_exit(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (pnpc_registered)
+		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&es18xx_pnpc_driver);
+	if (pnp_registered)
+		pnp_unregister_driver(&es18xx_pnp_driver);
+	if (isa_registered)
+#endif
+		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_es18xx_isa_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_card_es18xx_init)
+module_exit(alsa_card_es18xx_exit)
diff --git a/sound/isa/galaxy/Makefile b/sound/isa/galaxy/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2dbd51986
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/galaxy/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+#
+# Makefile for ALSA
+# Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@suse.cz>
+#
+
+snd-azt1605-y := azt1605.o
+snd-azt2316-y := azt2316.o
+
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_AZT1605) += snd-azt1605.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_AZT2316) += snd-azt2316.o
diff --git a/sound/isa/galaxy/azt1605.c b/sound/isa/galaxy/azt1605.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..545fb13fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/galaxy/azt1605.c
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ * Aztech AZT1605 Driver
+ * Copyright (C) 2007,2010  Rene Herman
+ */
+
+#define AZT1605
+
+#define CRD_NAME "Aztech AZT1605"
+#define DRV_NAME "AZT1605"
+#define DEV_NAME "azt1605"
+
+#define GALAXY_DSP_MAJOR		2
+#define GALAXY_DSP_MINOR		1
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SIZE		3
+
+/*
+ * 24-bit config register
+ */
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_220		(0 << 0)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_240		(1 << 0)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_260		(2 << 0)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_280		(3 << 0)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_MASK		GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_280
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUA_300		(0 << 2)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUA_330		(1 << 2)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MPU_ENABLE	(1 << 3)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_GAME_ENABLE	(1 << 4)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_PANASONIC	(1 << 5)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_MITSUMI	(1 << 6)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_MASK		(\
+	GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_PANASONIC | GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_MITSUMI)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_UNUSED		(1 << 7)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_UNUSED_MASK	GALAXY_CONFIG_UNUSED
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBIRQ_2		(1 << 8)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBIRQ_3		(1 << 9)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBIRQ_5		(1 << 10)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBIRQ_7		(1 << 11)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUIRQ_2		(1 << 12)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUIRQ_3		(1 << 13)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUIRQ_5		(1 << 14)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUIRQ_7		(1 << 15)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_WSSA_530		(0 << 16)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_WSSA_604		(1 << 16)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_WSSA_E80		(2 << 16)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_WSSA_F40		(3 << 16)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_WSS_ENABLE	(1 << 18)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_11		(1 << 19)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_12		(1 << 20)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_15		(1 << 21)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_MASK	(\
+	GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_11 | GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_12 |\
+	GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_15)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA_DISABLE	(0 << 22)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA_0		(1 << 22)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA_1		(2 << 22)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA_3		(3 << 22)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA_MASK	GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA_3
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MASK		(\
+	GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_MASK | GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_MASK |\
+	GALAXY_CONFIG_UNUSED_MASK | GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_MASK |\
+	GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA_MASK)
+
+#include "galaxy.c"
diff --git a/sound/isa/galaxy/azt2316.c b/sound/isa/galaxy/azt2316.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..76251e845
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/galaxy/azt2316.c
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ * Aztech AZT2316 Driver
+ * Copyright (C) 2007,2010  Rene Herman
+ */
+
+#define AZT2316
+
+#define CRD_NAME "Aztech AZT2316"
+#define DRV_NAME "AZT2316"
+#define DEV_NAME "azt2316"
+
+#define GALAXY_DSP_MAJOR		3
+#define GALAXY_DSP_MINOR		1
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SIZE		4
+
+/*
+ * 32-bit config register
+ */
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_220		(0 << 0)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_240		(1 << 0)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_260		(2 << 0)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_280		(3 << 0)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_MASK		GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_280
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBIRQ_2		(1 << 2)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBIRQ_5		(1 << 3)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBIRQ_7		(1 << 4)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBIRQ_10		(1 << 5)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBDMA_DISABLE	(0 << 6)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBDMA_0		(1 << 6)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBDMA_1		(2 << 6)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_SBDMA_3		(3 << 6)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_WSSA_530		(0 << 8)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_WSSA_604		(1 << 8)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_WSSA_E80		(2 << 8)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_WSSA_F40		(3 << 8)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_WSS_ENABLE	(1 << 10)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_GAME_ENABLE	(1 << 11)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUA_300		(0 << 12)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUA_330		(1 << 12)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MPU_ENABLE	(1 << 13)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDA_310		(0 << 14)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDA_320		(1 << 14)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDA_340		(2 << 14)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDA_350		(3 << 14)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDA_MASK		GALAXY_CONFIG_CDA_350
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_DISABLE	(0 << 16)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_PANASONIC	(1 << 16)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_SONY		(2 << 16)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_MITSUMI	(3 << 16)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_AZTECH		(4 << 16)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_UNUSED_5	(5 << 16)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_UNUSED_6	(6 << 16)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_UNUSED_7	(7 << 16)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_MASK		GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_UNUSED_7
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA8_DISABLE	(0 << 20)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA8_0		(1 << 20)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA8_1		(2 << 20)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA8_3		(3 << 20)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA8_MASK	GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA8_3
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA16_DISABLE	(0 << 22)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA16_5		(1 << 22)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA16_6		(2 << 22)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA16_7		(3 << 22)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA16_MASK	GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA16_7
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUIRQ_2		(1 << 24)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUIRQ_5		(1 << 25)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUIRQ_7		(1 << 26)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUIRQ_10		(1 << 27)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_5		(1 << 28)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_11		(1 << 29)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_12		(1 << 30)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_15		(1 << 31)
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_MASK	(\
+	GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_5 | GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_11 |\
+	GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_12 | GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_15)
+
+#define GALAXY_CONFIG_MASK		(\
+	GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_MASK | GALAXY_CONFIG_CDA_MASK |\
+	GALAXY_CONFIG_CD_MASK | GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA16_MASK |\
+	GALAXY_CONFIG_CDDMA8_MASK | GALAXY_CONFIG_CDIRQ_MASK)
+
+#include "galaxy.c"
diff --git a/sound/isa/galaxy/galaxy.c b/sound/isa/galaxy/galaxy.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b0f1562d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/galaxy/galaxy.c
@@ -0,0 +1,615 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ * Aztech AZT1605/AZT2316 Driver
+ * Copyright (C) 2007,2010  Rene Herman
+ */
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <asm/processor.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION(CRD_NAME);
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Rene Herman");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static long wss_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static long fm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;
+static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;
+
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(wss_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(wss_port, "WSS port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_port, "MPU-401 port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(fm_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fm_port, "FM port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_irq, "MPU-401 IRQ # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma1, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "Playback DMA # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma2, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "Capture DMA # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+
+/*
+ * Generic SB DSP support routines
+ */
+
+#define DSP_PORT_RESET		0x6
+#define DSP_PORT_READ		0xa
+#define DSP_PORT_COMMAND	0xc
+#define DSP_PORT_STATUS		0xc
+#define DSP_PORT_DATA_AVAIL	0xe
+
+#define DSP_SIGNATURE		0xaa
+
+#define DSP_COMMAND_GET_VERSION	0xe1
+
+static int dsp_get_byte(void __iomem *port, u8 *val)
+{
+	int loops = 1000;
+
+	while (!(ioread8(port + DSP_PORT_DATA_AVAIL) & 0x80)) {
+		if (!loops--)
+			return -EIO;
+		cpu_relax();
+	}
+	*val = ioread8(port + DSP_PORT_READ);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int dsp_reset(void __iomem *port)
+{
+	u8 val;
+
+	iowrite8(1, port + DSP_PORT_RESET);
+	udelay(10);
+	iowrite8(0, port + DSP_PORT_RESET);
+
+	if (dsp_get_byte(port, &val) < 0 || val != DSP_SIGNATURE)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int dsp_command(void __iomem *port, u8 cmd)
+{
+	int loops = 1000;
+
+	while (ioread8(port + DSP_PORT_STATUS) & 0x80) {
+		if (!loops--)
+			return -EIO;
+		cpu_relax();
+	}
+	iowrite8(cmd, port + DSP_PORT_COMMAND);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int dsp_get_version(void __iomem *port, u8 *major, u8 *minor)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = dsp_command(port, DSP_COMMAND_GET_VERSION);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = dsp_get_byte(port, major);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = dsp_get_byte(port, minor);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Generic WSS support routines
+ */
+
+#define WSS_CONFIG_DMA_0	(1 << 0)
+#define WSS_CONFIG_DMA_1	(2 << 0)
+#define WSS_CONFIG_DMA_3	(3 << 0)
+#define WSS_CONFIG_DUPLEX	(1 << 2)
+#define WSS_CONFIG_IRQ_7	(1 << 3)
+#define WSS_CONFIG_IRQ_9	(2 << 3)
+#define WSS_CONFIG_IRQ_10	(3 << 3)
+#define WSS_CONFIG_IRQ_11	(4 << 3)
+
+#define WSS_PORT_CONFIG		0
+#define WSS_PORT_SIGNATURE	3
+
+#define WSS_SIGNATURE		4
+
+static int wss_detect(void __iomem *wss_port)
+{
+	if ((ioread8(wss_port + WSS_PORT_SIGNATURE) & 0x3f) != WSS_SIGNATURE)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void wss_set_config(void __iomem *wss_port, u8 wss_config)
+{
+	iowrite8(wss_config, wss_port + WSS_PORT_CONFIG);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Aztech Sound Galaxy specifics
+ */
+
+#define GALAXY_PORT_CONFIG	1024
+#define CONFIG_PORT_SET		4
+
+#define DSP_COMMAND_GALAXY_8	8
+#define GALAXY_COMMAND_GET_TYPE	5
+
+#define DSP_COMMAND_GALAXY_9	9
+#define GALAXY_COMMAND_WSSMODE	0
+#define GALAXY_COMMAND_SB8MODE	1
+
+#define GALAXY_MODE_WSS		GALAXY_COMMAND_WSSMODE
+#define GALAXY_MODE_SB8		GALAXY_COMMAND_SB8MODE
+
+struct snd_galaxy {
+	void __iomem *port;
+	void __iomem *config_port;
+	void __iomem *wss_port;
+	u32 config;
+	struct resource *res_port;
+	struct resource *res_config_port;
+	struct resource *res_wss_port;
+};
+
+static u32 config[SNDRV_CARDS];
+static u8 wss_config[SNDRV_CARDS];
+
+static int snd_galaxy_match(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	if (!enable[n])
+		return 0;
+
+	switch (port[n]) {
+	case SNDRV_AUTO_PORT:
+		dev_err(dev, "please specify port\n");
+		return 0;
+	case 0x220:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_220;
+		break;
+	case 0x240:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_240;
+		break;
+	case 0x260:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_260;
+		break;
+	case 0x280:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_SBA_280;
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_err(dev, "invalid port %#lx\n", port[n]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	switch (wss_port[n]) {
+	case SNDRV_AUTO_PORT:
+		dev_err(dev,  "please specify wss_port\n");
+		return 0;
+	case 0x530:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_WSS_ENABLE | GALAXY_CONFIG_WSSA_530;
+		break;
+	case 0x604:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_WSS_ENABLE | GALAXY_CONFIG_WSSA_604;
+		break;
+	case 0xe80:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_WSS_ENABLE | GALAXY_CONFIG_WSSA_E80;
+		break;
+	case 0xf40:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_WSS_ENABLE | GALAXY_CONFIG_WSSA_F40;
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_err(dev, "invalid WSS port %#lx\n", wss_port[n]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	switch (irq[n]) {
+	case SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ:
+		dev_err(dev,  "please specify irq\n");
+		return 0;
+	case 7:
+		wss_config[n] |= WSS_CONFIG_IRQ_7;
+		break;
+	case 2:
+		irq[n] = 9;
+		fallthrough;
+	case 9:
+		wss_config[n] |= WSS_CONFIG_IRQ_9;
+		break;
+	case 10:
+		wss_config[n] |= WSS_CONFIG_IRQ_10;
+		break;
+	case 11:
+		wss_config[n] |= WSS_CONFIG_IRQ_11;
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_err(dev, "invalid IRQ %d\n", irq[n]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	switch (dma1[n]) {
+	case SNDRV_AUTO_DMA:
+		dev_err(dev,  "please specify dma1\n");
+		return 0;
+	case 0:
+		wss_config[n] |= WSS_CONFIG_DMA_0;
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		wss_config[n] |= WSS_CONFIG_DMA_1;
+		break;
+	case 3:
+		wss_config[n] |= WSS_CONFIG_DMA_3;
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_err(dev, "invalid playback DMA %d\n", dma1[n]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (dma2[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA || dma2[n] == dma1[n]) {
+		dma2[n] = -1;
+		goto mpu;
+	}
+
+	wss_config[n] |= WSS_CONFIG_DUPLEX;
+	switch (dma2[n]) {
+	case 0:
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		if (dma1[n] == 0)
+			break;
+		fallthrough;
+	default:
+		dev_err(dev, "invalid capture DMA %d\n", dma2[n]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+mpu:
+	switch (mpu_port[n]) {
+	case SNDRV_AUTO_PORT:
+		dev_warn(dev, "mpu_port not specified; not using MPU-401\n");
+		mpu_port[n] = -1;
+		goto fm;
+	case 0x300:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_MPU_ENABLE | GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUA_300;
+		break;
+	case 0x330:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_MPU_ENABLE | GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUA_330;
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_err(dev, "invalid MPU port %#lx\n", mpu_port[n]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	switch (mpu_irq[n]) {
+	case SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ:
+		dev_warn(dev, "mpu_irq not specified: using polling mode\n");
+		mpu_irq[n] = -1;
+		break;
+	case 2:
+		mpu_irq[n] = 9;
+		fallthrough;
+	case 9:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUIRQ_2;
+		break;
+#ifdef AZT1605
+	case 3:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUIRQ_3;
+		break;
+#endif
+	case 5:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUIRQ_5;
+		break;
+	case 7:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUIRQ_7;
+		break;
+#ifdef AZT2316
+	case 10:
+		config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_MPUIRQ_10;
+		break;
+#endif
+	default:
+		dev_err(dev, "invalid MPU IRQ %d\n", mpu_irq[n]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (mpu_irq[n] == irq[n]) {
+		dev_err(dev, "cannot share IRQ between WSS and MPU-401\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+fm:
+	switch (fm_port[n]) {
+	case SNDRV_AUTO_PORT:
+		dev_warn(dev, "fm_port not specified: not using OPL3\n");
+		fm_port[n] = -1;
+		break;
+	case 0x388:
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_err(dev, "illegal FM port %#lx\n", fm_port[n]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	config[n] |= GALAXY_CONFIG_GAME_ENABLE;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int galaxy_init(struct snd_galaxy *galaxy, u8 *type)
+{
+	u8 major;
+	u8 minor;
+	int err;
+
+	err = dsp_reset(galaxy->port);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = dsp_get_version(galaxy->port, &major, &minor);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (major != GALAXY_DSP_MAJOR || minor != GALAXY_DSP_MINOR)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	err = dsp_command(galaxy->port, DSP_COMMAND_GALAXY_8);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = dsp_command(galaxy->port, GALAXY_COMMAND_GET_TYPE);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = dsp_get_byte(galaxy->port, type);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int galaxy_set_mode(struct snd_galaxy *galaxy, u8 mode)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = dsp_command(galaxy->port, DSP_COMMAND_GALAXY_9);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = dsp_command(galaxy->port, mode);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+#ifdef AZT1605
+	/*
+	 * Needed for MPU IRQ on AZT1605, but AZT2316 loses WSS again
+	 */
+	err = dsp_reset(galaxy->port);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#endif
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void galaxy_set_config(struct snd_galaxy *galaxy, u32 config)
+{
+	u8 tmp = ioread8(galaxy->config_port + CONFIG_PORT_SET);
+	int i;
+
+	iowrite8(tmp | 0x80, galaxy->config_port + CONFIG_PORT_SET);
+	for (i = 0; i < GALAXY_CONFIG_SIZE; i++) {
+		iowrite8(config, galaxy->config_port + i);
+		config >>= 8;
+	}
+	iowrite8(tmp & 0x7f, galaxy->config_port + CONFIG_PORT_SET);
+	msleep(10);
+}
+
+static void galaxy_config(struct snd_galaxy *galaxy, u32 config)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = GALAXY_CONFIG_SIZE; i; i--) {
+		u8 tmp = ioread8(galaxy->config_port + i - 1);
+		galaxy->config = (galaxy->config << 8) | tmp;
+	}
+	config |= galaxy->config & GALAXY_CONFIG_MASK;
+	galaxy_set_config(galaxy, config);
+}
+
+static int galaxy_wss_config(struct snd_galaxy *galaxy, u8 wss_config)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = wss_detect(galaxy->wss_port);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	wss_set_config(galaxy->wss_port, wss_config);
+
+	err = galaxy_set_mode(galaxy, GALAXY_MODE_WSS);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_galaxy_free(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_galaxy *galaxy = card->private_data;
+
+	if (galaxy->wss_port)
+		wss_set_config(galaxy->wss_port, 0);
+	if (galaxy->config_port)
+		galaxy_set_config(galaxy, galaxy->config);
+}
+
+static int __snd_galaxy_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_galaxy *galaxy;
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	u8 type;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(dev, index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(*galaxy), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	card->private_free = snd_galaxy_free;
+	galaxy = card->private_data;
+
+	galaxy->res_port = devm_request_region(dev, port[n], 16, DRV_NAME);
+	if (!galaxy->res_port) {
+		dev_err(dev, "could not grab ports %#lx-%#lx\n", port[n],
+			port[n] + 15);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	galaxy->port = devm_ioport_map(dev, port[n], 16);
+	if (!galaxy->port)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	err = galaxy_init(galaxy, &type);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(dev, "did not find a Sound Galaxy at %#lx\n", port[n]);
+		return err;
+	}
+	dev_info(dev, "Sound Galaxy (type %d) found at %#lx\n", type, port[n]);
+
+	galaxy->res_config_port =
+		devm_request_region(dev, port[n] + GALAXY_PORT_CONFIG, 16,
+				    DRV_NAME);
+	if (!galaxy->res_config_port) {
+		dev_err(dev, "could not grab ports %#lx-%#lx\n",
+			port[n] + GALAXY_PORT_CONFIG,
+			port[n] + GALAXY_PORT_CONFIG + 15);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	galaxy->config_port =
+		devm_ioport_map(dev, port[n] + GALAXY_PORT_CONFIG, 16);
+	if (!galaxy->config_port)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	galaxy_config(galaxy, config[n]);
+
+	galaxy->res_wss_port = devm_request_region(dev, wss_port[n], 4, DRV_NAME);
+	if (!galaxy->res_wss_port)  {
+		dev_err(dev, "could not grab ports %#lx-%#lx\n", wss_port[n],
+			wss_port[n] + 3);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	galaxy->wss_port = devm_ioport_map(dev, wss_port[n], 4);
+	if (!galaxy->wss_port)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	err = galaxy_wss_config(galaxy, wss_config[n]);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(dev, "could not configure WSS\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	strscpy(card->driver, DRV_NAME);
+	strscpy(card->shortname, DRV_NAME);
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at %#lx/%#lx, irq %d, dma %d/%d",
+		card->shortname, port[n], wss_port[n], irq[n], dma1[n],
+		dma2[n]);
+
+	err = snd_wss_create(card, wss_port[n] + 4, -1, irq[n], dma1[n],
+			     dma2[n], WSS_HW_DETECT, 0, &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_wss_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_wss_mixer(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_wss_timer(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (mpu_port[n] >= 0) {
+		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401,
+					  mpu_port[n], 0, mpu_irq[n], NULL);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if (fm_port[n] >= 0) {
+		struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+
+		err = snd_opl3_create(card, fm_port[n], fm_port[n] + 2,
+				      OPL3_HW_AUTO, 0, &opl3);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			dev_err(dev, "no OPL device at %#lx\n", fm_port[n]);
+			return err;
+		}
+		err = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, 1, 2);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+
+		err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(dev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_galaxy_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(dev, __snd_galaxy_probe(dev, n));
+}
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_galaxy_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_galaxy_match,
+	.probe		= snd_galaxy_probe,
+
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	}
+};
+
+module_isa_driver(snd_galaxy_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/Makefile b/sound/isa/gus/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4924c1904
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#
+# Makefile for ALSA
+# Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+#
+
+snd-gus-lib-y := gus_main.o \
+		    gus_io.o gus_irq.o gus_timer.o \
+		    gus_mem.o gus_mem_proc.o gus_dram.o gus_dma.o gus_volume.o \
+		    gus_pcm.o gus_mixer.o \
+		    gus_uart.o \
+		    gus_reset.o
+
+snd-gusclassic-y := gusclassic.o
+snd-gusextreme-y := gusextreme.o
+snd-gusmax-y := gusmax.o
+snd-interwave-y := interwave.o
+snd-interwave-stb-y := interwave-stb.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_GUSCLASSIC) += snd-gusclassic.o snd-gus-lib.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_GUSMAX) += snd-gusmax.o snd-gus-lib.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_GUSEXTREME) += snd-gusextreme.o snd-gus-lib.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_INTERWAVE) += snd-interwave.o snd-gus-lib.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_INTERWAVE_STB) += snd-interwave-stb.o snd-gus-lib.o
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_dma.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_dma.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7be6ff201
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_dma.c
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Routines for GF1 DMA control
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+
+static void snd_gf1_dma_ack(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_DRAM_DMA_CONTROL, 0x00);
+	snd_gf1_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_DRAM_DMA_CONTROL);
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_dma_program(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+				unsigned int addr,
+				unsigned long buf_addr,
+				unsigned int count,
+				unsigned int cmd)
+{
+	unsigned int address;
+	unsigned char dma_cmd;
+	unsigned int address_high;
+
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+		"dma_transfer: addr=0x%x, buf=0x%lx, count=0x%x\n",
+		addr, buf_addr, count);
+
+	if (gus->gf1.dma1 > 3) {
+		if (gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
+			address = addr >> 1;
+		} else {
+			if (addr & 0x1f) {
+				dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+					"%s: unaligned address (0x%x)?\n",
+					__func__, addr);
+				return;
+			}
+			address = (addr & 0x000c0000) | ((addr & 0x0003ffff) >> 1);
+		}
+	} else {
+		address = addr;
+	}
+
+	dma_cmd = SNDRV_GF1_DMA_ENABLE | (unsigned short) cmd;
+#if 0
+	dma_cmd |= 0x08;
+#endif
+	if (dma_cmd & SNDRV_GF1_DMA_16BIT) {
+		count++;
+		count &= ~1;	/* align */
+	}
+	if (gus->gf1.dma1 > 3) {
+		dma_cmd |= SNDRV_GF1_DMA_WIDTH16;
+		count++;
+		count &= ~1;	/* align */
+	}
+	snd_gf1_dma_ack(gus);
+	snd_dma_program(gus->gf1.dma1, buf_addr, count, dma_cmd & SNDRV_GF1_DMA_READ ? DMA_MODE_READ : DMA_MODE_WRITE);
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+		"address = 0x%x, count = 0x%x, dma_cmd = 0x%x\n",
+		address << 1, count, dma_cmd);
+#endif
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	if (gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
+		address_high = ((address >> 16) & 0x000000f0) | (address & 0x0000000f);
+		snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_DRAM_DMA_LOW, (unsigned short) (address >> 4));
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_DRAM_DMA_HIGH, (unsigned char) address_high);
+	} else
+		snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_DRAM_DMA_LOW, (unsigned short) (address >> 4));
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_DRAM_DMA_CONTROL, dma_cmd);
+}
+
+static struct snd_gf1_dma_block *snd_gf1_dma_next_block(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	struct snd_gf1_dma_block *block;
+
+	/* PCM block have bigger priority than synthesizer one */
+	if (gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm) {
+		block = gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm;
+		if (gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last == block) {
+			gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm =
+			gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last = NULL;
+		} else {
+			gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm = block->next;
+		}
+	} else if (gus->gf1.dma_data_synth) {
+		block = gus->gf1.dma_data_synth;
+		if (gus->gf1.dma_data_synth_last == block) {
+			gus->gf1.dma_data_synth =
+			gus->gf1.dma_data_synth_last = NULL;
+		} else {
+			gus->gf1.dma_data_synth = block->next;
+		}
+	} else {
+		block = NULL;
+	}
+	if (block) {
+		gus->gf1.dma_ack = block->ack;
+		gus->gf1.dma_private_data = block->private_data;
+	}
+	return block;
+}
+
+
+static void snd_gf1_dma_interrupt(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	struct snd_gf1_dma_block *block;
+
+	snd_gf1_dma_ack(gus);
+	if (gus->gf1.dma_ack)
+		gus->gf1.dma_ack(gus, gus->gf1.dma_private_data);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock, &gus->dma_lock) {
+		if (gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm == NULL &&
+		    gus->gf1.dma_data_synth == NULL) {
+			gus->gf1.dma_ack = NULL;
+			gus->gf1.dma_flags &= ~SNDRV_GF1_DMA_TRIGGER;
+			return;
+		}
+		block = snd_gf1_dma_next_block(gus);
+	}
+	if (!block)
+		return;
+	snd_gf1_dma_program(gus, block->addr, block->buf_addr, block->count, (unsigned short) block->cmd);
+	kfree(block);
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+		"program dma (IRQ) - addr = 0x%x, buffer = 0x%lx, count = 0x%x, cmd = 0x%x\n",
+		block->addr, block->buf_addr, block->count, block->cmd);
+#endif
+}
+
+int snd_gf1_dma_init(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	guard(mutex)(&gus->dma_mutex);
+	gus->gf1.dma_shared++;
+	if (gus->gf1.dma_shared > 1)
+		return 0;
+	gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_dma_write = snd_gf1_dma_interrupt;
+	gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm = 
+	gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last =
+	gus->gf1.dma_data_synth = 
+	gus->gf1.dma_data_synth_last = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_gf1_dma_done(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	struct snd_gf1_dma_block *block;
+
+	guard(mutex)(&gus->dma_mutex);
+	gus->gf1.dma_shared--;
+	if (!gus->gf1.dma_shared) {
+		snd_dma_disable(gus->gf1.dma1);
+		snd_gf1_set_default_handlers(gus, SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_DMA_WRITE);
+		snd_gf1_dma_ack(gus);
+		while ((block = gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm)) {
+			gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm = block->next;
+			kfree(block);
+		}
+		while ((block = gus->gf1.dma_data_synth)) {
+			gus->gf1.dma_data_synth = block->next;
+			kfree(block);
+		}
+		gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last =
+		gus->gf1.dma_data_synth_last = NULL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_dma_suspend(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	struct snd_gf1_dma_block *block;
+
+	guard(mutex)(&gus->dma_mutex);
+	if (!gus->gf1.dma_shared)
+		return;
+
+	snd_dma_disable(gus->gf1.dma1);
+	snd_gf1_dma_ack(gus);
+	if (gus->gf1.dma_ack)
+		gus->gf1.dma_ack(gus, gus->gf1.dma_private_data);
+	gus->gf1.dma_ack = NULL;
+	gus->gf1.dma_private_data = NULL;
+
+	while ((block = gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm)) {
+		gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm = block->next;
+		if (block->ack)
+			block->ack(gus, block->private_data);
+		kfree(block);
+	}
+	while ((block = gus->gf1.dma_data_synth)) {
+		gus->gf1.dma_data_synth = block->next;
+		if (block->ack)
+			block->ack(gus, block->private_data);
+		kfree(block);
+	}
+
+	gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last = NULL;
+	gus->gf1.dma_data_synth_last = NULL;
+	gus->gf1.dma_flags &= ~SNDRV_GF1_DMA_TRIGGER;
+}
+
+int snd_gf1_dma_transfer_block(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+			       struct snd_gf1_dma_block * __block,
+			       int atomic,
+			       int synth)
+{
+	struct snd_gf1_dma_block *block;
+	struct snd_gf1_dma_block *free_block = NULL;
+
+	block = kmalloc_obj(*block, atomic ? GFP_ATOMIC : GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!block)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	*block = *__block;
+	block->next = NULL;
+
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+		"addr = 0x%x, buffer = 0x%lx, count = 0x%x, cmd = 0x%x\n",
+		block->addr, (long) block->buffer, block->count,
+		block->cmd);
+
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+		"gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last = 0x%lx\n",
+		(long)gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last);
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+		"gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm = 0x%lx\n",
+		(long)gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm);
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->dma_lock) {
+		if (synth) {
+			if (gus->gf1.dma_data_synth_last) {
+				gus->gf1.dma_data_synth_last->next = block;
+				gus->gf1.dma_data_synth_last = block;
+			} else {
+				gus->gf1.dma_data_synth =
+					gus->gf1.dma_data_synth_last = block;
+			}
+		} else {
+			if (gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last) {
+				gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last->next = block;
+				gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last = block;
+			} else {
+				gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm =
+					gus->gf1.dma_data_pcm_last = block;
+			}
+		}
+		if (!(gus->gf1.dma_flags & SNDRV_GF1_DMA_TRIGGER)) {
+			gus->gf1.dma_flags |= SNDRV_GF1_DMA_TRIGGER;
+			free_block = snd_gf1_dma_next_block(gus);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (free_block) {
+		snd_gf1_dma_program(gus, free_block->addr, free_block->buf_addr,
+				    free_block->count,
+				    (unsigned short)free_block->cmd);
+		kfree(free_block);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_dram.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_dram.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..50fe738ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_dram.c
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  DRAM access routines
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+#include <sound/info.h>
+
+
+static int snd_gus_dram_poke(struct snd_gus_card *gus, char __user *_buffer,
+			     unsigned int address, unsigned int size)
+{
+	unsigned int size1, size2;
+	char buffer[256], *pbuffer;
+
+	while (size > 0) {
+		size1 = size > sizeof(buffer) ? sizeof(buffer) : size;
+		if (copy_from_user(buffer, _buffer, size1))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		if (gus->interwave) {
+			guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+			snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_MEMORY_CONTROL, 0x01);
+			snd_gf1_dram_addr(gus, address);
+			outsb(GUSP(gus, DRAM), buffer, size1);
+			address += size1;
+		} else {
+			pbuffer = buffer;
+			size2 = size1;
+			while (size2--)
+				snd_gf1_poke(gus, address++, *pbuffer++);
+		}
+		size -= size1;
+		_buffer += size1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+int snd_gus_dram_write(struct snd_gus_card *gus, char __user *buffer,
+		       unsigned int address, unsigned int size)
+{
+	return snd_gus_dram_poke(gus, buffer, address, size);
+}
+
+static int snd_gus_dram_peek(struct snd_gus_card *gus, char __user *_buffer,
+			     unsigned int address, unsigned int size,
+			     int rom)
+{
+	unsigned int size1, size2;
+	char buffer[256], *pbuffer;
+
+	while (size > 0) {
+		size1 = size > sizeof(buffer) ? sizeof(buffer) : size;
+		if (gus->interwave) {
+			guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+			snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_MEMORY_CONTROL, rom ? 0x03 : 0x01);
+			snd_gf1_dram_addr(gus, address);
+			insb(GUSP(gus, DRAM), buffer, size1);
+			snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_MEMORY_CONTROL, 0x01);
+			address += size1;
+		} else {
+			pbuffer = buffer;
+			size2 = size1;
+			while (size2--)
+				*pbuffer++ = snd_gf1_peek(gus, address++);
+		}
+		if (copy_to_user(_buffer, buffer, size1))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		size -= size1;
+		_buffer += size1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_gus_dram_read(struct snd_gus_card *gus, char __user *buffer,
+		      unsigned int address, unsigned int size,
+		      int rom)
+{
+	return snd_gus_dram_peek(gus, buffer, address, size, rom);
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_io.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_io.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3e6f35084
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_io.c
@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  I/O routines for GF1/InterWave synthesizer chips
+ */
+
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+
+void snd_gf1_delay(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
+		mb();
+		inb(GUSP(gus, DRAM));
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ *  =======================================================================
+ */
+
+/*
+ *  ok.. stop of control registers (wave & ramp) need some special things..
+ *       big UltraClick (tm) elimination...
+ */
+
+static inline void __snd_gf1_ctrl_stop(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	unsigned char value;
+
+	outb(reg | 0x80, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	value = inb(gus->gf1.reg_data8);
+	mb();
+	outb(reg, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outb((value | 0x03) & ~(0x80 | 0x20), gus->gf1.reg_data8);
+	mb();
+}
+
+static inline void __snd_gf1_write8(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+				    unsigned char reg,
+				    unsigned char data)
+{
+	outb(reg, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outb(data, gus->gf1.reg_data8);
+	mb();
+}
+
+static inline unsigned char __snd_gf1_look8(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+					    unsigned char reg)
+{
+	outb(reg, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	return inb(gus->gf1.reg_data8);
+}
+
+static inline void __snd_gf1_write16(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+				     unsigned char reg, unsigned int data)
+{
+	outb(reg, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outw((unsigned short) data, gus->gf1.reg_data16);
+	mb();
+}
+
+static inline unsigned short __snd_gf1_look16(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+					      unsigned char reg)
+{
+	outb(reg, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	return inw(gus->gf1.reg_data16);
+}
+
+static inline void __snd_gf1_adlib_write(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+					 unsigned char reg, unsigned char data)
+{
+	outb(reg, gus->gf1.reg_timerctrl);
+	inb(gus->gf1.reg_timerctrl);
+	inb(gus->gf1.reg_timerctrl);
+	outb(data, gus->gf1.reg_timerdata);
+	inb(gus->gf1.reg_timerctrl);
+	inb(gus->gf1.reg_timerctrl);
+}
+
+static inline void __snd_gf1_write_addr(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned char reg,
+                                        unsigned int addr, int w_16bit)
+{
+	if (gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
+		if (w_16bit)
+			addr = ((addr >> 1) & ~0x0000000f) | (addr & 0x0000000f);
+		__snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_UPPER_ADDRESS, (unsigned char) ((addr >> 26) & 0x03));
+	} else if (w_16bit)
+		addr = (addr & 0x00c0000f) | ((addr & 0x003ffff0) >> 1);
+	__snd_gf1_write16(gus, reg, (unsigned short) (addr >> 11));
+	__snd_gf1_write16(gus, reg + 1, (unsigned short) (addr << 5));
+}
+
+static inline unsigned int __snd_gf1_read_addr(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+					       unsigned char reg, short w_16bit)
+{
+	unsigned int res;
+
+	res = ((unsigned int) __snd_gf1_look16(gus, reg | 0x80) << 11) & 0xfff800;
+	res |= ((unsigned int) __snd_gf1_look16(gus, (reg + 1) | 0x80) >> 5) & 0x0007ff;
+	if (gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
+		res |= (unsigned int) __snd_gf1_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_UPPER_ADDRESS | 0x80) << 26;
+		if (w_16bit)
+			res = ((res << 1) & 0xffffffe0) | (res & 0x0000000f);
+	} else if (w_16bit)
+		res = ((res & 0x001ffff0) << 1) | (res & 0x00c0000f);
+	return res;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ *  =======================================================================
+ */
+
+void snd_gf1_ctrl_stop(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	__snd_gf1_ctrl_stop(gus, reg);
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_write8(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+		    unsigned char reg,
+		    unsigned char data)
+{
+	__snd_gf1_write8(gus, reg, data);
+}
+
+unsigned char snd_gf1_look8(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	return __snd_gf1_look8(gus, reg);
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_write16(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+		     unsigned char reg,
+		     unsigned int data)
+{
+	__snd_gf1_write16(gus, reg, data);
+}
+
+unsigned short snd_gf1_look16(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	return __snd_gf1_look16(gus, reg);
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_adlib_write(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+                         unsigned char reg,
+                         unsigned char data)
+{
+	__snd_gf1_adlib_write(gus, reg, data);
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_write_addr(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned char reg,
+                        unsigned int addr, short w_16bit)
+{
+	__snd_gf1_write_addr(gus, reg, addr, w_16bit);
+}
+
+unsigned int snd_gf1_read_addr(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+                               unsigned char reg,
+                               short w_16bit)
+{
+	return __snd_gf1_read_addr(gus, reg, w_16bit);
+}
+
+/*
+
+ */
+
+void snd_gf1_i_ctrl_stop(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	__snd_gf1_ctrl_stop(gus, reg);
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_i_write8(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+		      unsigned char reg,
+                      unsigned char data)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	__snd_gf1_write8(gus, reg, data);
+}
+
+unsigned char snd_gf1_i_look8(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	return __snd_gf1_look8(gus, reg);
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_i_write16(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+		       unsigned char reg,
+		       unsigned int data)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	__snd_gf1_write16(gus, reg, data);
+}
+
+unsigned short snd_gf1_i_look16(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	return __snd_gf1_look16(gus, reg);
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_dram_addr(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned int addr)
+{
+	outb(0x43, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outw((unsigned short) addr, gus->gf1.reg_data16);
+	mb();
+	outb(0x44, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outb((unsigned char) (addr >> 16), gus->gf1.reg_data8);
+	mb();
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_poke(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned int addr, unsigned char data)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	outb(SNDRV_GF1_GW_DRAM_IO_LOW, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outw((unsigned short) addr, gus->gf1.reg_data16);
+	mb();
+	outb(SNDRV_GF1_GB_DRAM_IO_HIGH, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outb((unsigned char) (addr >> 16), gus->gf1.reg_data8);
+	mb();
+	outb(data, gus->gf1.reg_dram);
+}
+
+unsigned char snd_gf1_peek(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned int addr)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	outb(SNDRV_GF1_GW_DRAM_IO_LOW, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outw((unsigned short) addr, gus->gf1.reg_data16);
+	mb();
+	outb(SNDRV_GF1_GB_DRAM_IO_HIGH, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outb((unsigned char) (addr >> 16), gus->gf1.reg_data8);
+	mb();
+	return inb(gus->gf1.reg_dram);
+}
+
+#if 0
+
+void snd_gf1_pokew(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned int addr, unsigned short data)
+{
+	if (!gus->interwave)
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "%s - GF1!!!\n", __func__);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	outb(SNDRV_GF1_GW_DRAM_IO_LOW, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outw((unsigned short) addr, gus->gf1.reg_data16);
+	mb();
+	outb(SNDRV_GF1_GB_DRAM_IO_HIGH, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outb((unsigned char) (addr >> 16), gus->gf1.reg_data8);
+	mb();
+	outb(SNDRV_GF1_GW_DRAM_IO16, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outw(data, gus->gf1.reg_data16);
+}
+
+unsigned short snd_gf1_peekw(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned int addr)
+{
+	if (!gus->interwave)
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "%s - GF1!!!\n", __func__);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	outb(SNDRV_GF1_GW_DRAM_IO_LOW, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outw((unsigned short) addr, gus->gf1.reg_data16);
+	mb();
+	outb(SNDRV_GF1_GB_DRAM_IO_HIGH, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outb((unsigned char) (addr >> 16), gus->gf1.reg_data8);
+	mb();
+	outb(SNDRV_GF1_GW_DRAM_IO16, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	return inw(gus->gf1.reg_data16);
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_dram_setmem(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned int addr,
+			 unsigned short value, unsigned int count)
+{
+	unsigned long port;
+
+	if (!gus->interwave)
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "%s - GF1!!!\n", __func__);
+	addr &= ~1;
+	count >>= 1;
+	port = GUSP(gus, GF1DATALOW);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	outb(SNDRV_GF1_GW_DRAM_IO_LOW, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outw((unsigned short) addr, gus->gf1.reg_data16);
+	mb();
+	outb(SNDRV_GF1_GB_DRAM_IO_HIGH, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	mb();
+	outb((unsigned char) (addr >> 16), gus->gf1.reg_data8);
+	mb();
+	outb(SNDRV_GF1_GW_DRAM_IO16, gus->gf1.reg_regsel);
+	while (count--)
+		outw(value, port);
+}
+
+#endif  /*  0  */
+
+void snd_gf1_select_active_voices(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	unsigned short voices;
+
+	static const unsigned short voices_tbl[32 - 14 + 1] =
+	{
+	    44100, 41160, 38587, 36317, 34300, 32494, 30870, 29400, 28063, 26843,
+	    25725, 24696, 23746, 22866, 22050, 21289, 20580, 19916, 19293
+	};
+
+	voices = gus->gf1.active_voices;
+	if (voices > 32)
+		voices = 32;
+	if (voices < 14)
+		voices = 14;
+	if (gus->gf1.enh_mode)
+		voices = 32;
+	gus->gf1.active_voices = voices;
+	gus->gf1.playback_freq =
+	    gus->gf1.enh_mode ? 44100 : voices_tbl[voices - 14];
+	if (!gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
+		snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_ACTIVE_VOICES, 0xc0 | (voices - 1));
+		udelay(100);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_irq.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_irq.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0e1054402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_irq.c
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Routine for IRQ handling from GF1/InterWave chip
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/info.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+#define STAT_ADD(x)	((x)++)
+#else
+#define STAT_ADD(x)	while (0) { ; }
+#endif
+
+irqreturn_t snd_gus_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card * gus = dev_id;
+	unsigned char status;
+	int loop = 100;
+	int handled = 0;
+
+__again:
+	status = inb(gus->gf1.reg_irqstat);
+	if (status == 0)
+		return IRQ_RETVAL(handled);
+	handled = 1;
+	if (status & 0x02) {
+		STAT_ADD(gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_midi_in);
+		if (gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_midi_in)
+			gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_midi_in(gus);
+	}
+	if (status & 0x01) {
+		STAT_ADD(gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_midi_out);
+		if (gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_midi_out)
+			gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_midi_out(gus);
+	}
+	if (status & (0x20 | 0x40)) {
+		unsigned int already, _current_;
+		unsigned char voice_status, voice;
+		struct snd_gus_voice *pvoice;
+
+		already = 0;
+		while (((voice_status = snd_gf1_i_read8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_VOICES_IRQ)) & 0xc0) != 0xc0) {
+			voice = voice_status & 0x1f;
+			_current_ = 1 << voice;
+			if (already & _current_)
+				continue;	/* multi request */
+			already |= _current_;	/* mark request */
+#if 0
+			dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+				"voice = %i, voice_status = 0x%x, voice_verify = %i\n",
+				voice, voice_status, inb(GUSP(gus, GF1PAGE)));
+#endif
+			pvoice = &gus->gf1.voices[voice]; 
+			if (pvoice->use) {
+				if (!(voice_status & 0x80)) {	/* voice position IRQ */
+					STAT_ADD(pvoice->interrupt_stat_wave);
+					pvoice->handler_wave(gus, pvoice);
+				}
+				if (!(voice_status & 0x40)) {	/* volume ramp IRQ */
+					STAT_ADD(pvoice->interrupt_stat_volume);
+					pvoice->handler_volume(gus, pvoice);
+				}
+			} else {
+				STAT_ADD(gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_voice_lost);
+				snd_gf1_i_ctrl_stop(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_ADDRESS_CONTROL);
+				snd_gf1_i_ctrl_stop(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_CONTROL);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (status & 0x04) {
+		STAT_ADD(gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_timer1);
+		if (gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_timer1)
+			gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_timer1(gus);
+	}
+	if (status & 0x08) {
+		STAT_ADD(gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_timer2);
+		if (gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_timer2)
+			gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_timer2(gus);
+	}
+	if (status & 0x80) {
+		if (snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_DRAM_DMA_CONTROL) & 0x40) {
+			STAT_ADD(gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_dma_write);
+			if (gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_dma_write)
+				gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_dma_write(gus);
+		}
+		if (snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_REC_DMA_CONTROL) & 0x40) {
+			STAT_ADD(gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_dma_read);
+			if (gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_dma_read)
+				gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_dma_read(gus);
+		}
+	}
+	if (--loop > 0)
+		goto __again;
+	return IRQ_NONE;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+static void snd_gus_irq_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry, 
+				  struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+	struct snd_gus_voice *pvoice;
+	int idx;
+
+	gus = entry->private_data;
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "midi out = %u\n", gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_midi_out);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "midi in = %u\n", gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_midi_in);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "timer1 = %u\n", gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_timer1);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "timer2 = %u\n", gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_timer2);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "dma write = %u\n", gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_dma_write);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "dma read = %u\n", gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_dma_read);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "voice lost = %u\n", gus->gf1.interrupt_stat_voice_lost);
+	for (idx = 0; idx < 32; idx++) {
+		pvoice = &gus->gf1.voices[idx];
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "voice %i: wave = %u, volume = %u\n",
+					idx,
+					pvoice->interrupt_stat_wave,
+					pvoice->interrupt_stat_volume);
+	}
+}
+
+void snd_gus_irq_profile_init(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	snd_card_ro_proc_new(gus->card, "gusirq", gus, snd_gus_irq_info_read);
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_main.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_main.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6adf8b698
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,481 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Routines for Gravis UltraSound soundcards
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Routines for Gravis UltraSound soundcards");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int snd_gus_init_dma_irq(struct snd_gus_card * gus, int latches);
+
+static int snd_gus_joystick_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 31;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gus_joystick_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = gus->joystick_dac & 31;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gus_joystick_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change;
+	unsigned char nval;
+	
+	nval = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 31;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	change = gus->joystick_dac != nval;
+	gus->joystick_dac = nval;
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_JOYSTICK_DAC_LEVEL, gus->joystick_dac);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_gus_joystick_control = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_CARD,
+	.name = "Joystick Speed",
+	.info = snd_gus_joystick_info,
+	.get = snd_gus_joystick_get,
+	.put = snd_gus_joystick_put
+};
+
+static void snd_gus_init_control(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	if (!gus->ace_flag)
+		snd_ctl_add(gus->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_gus_joystick_control, gus));
+}
+
+/*
+ *
+ */
+
+static int snd_gus_free(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	if (gus->gf1.res_port2 == NULL)
+		goto __hw_end;
+	snd_gf1_stop(gus);
+	snd_gus_init_dma_irq(gus, 0);
+      __hw_end:
+	release_and_free_resource(gus->gf1.res_port1);
+	release_and_free_resource(gus->gf1.res_port2);
+	if (gus->gf1.irq >= 0)
+		free_irq(gus->gf1.irq, (void *) gus);
+	if (gus->gf1.dma1 >= 0) {
+		disable_dma(gus->gf1.dma1);
+		free_dma(gus->gf1.dma1);
+	}
+	if (!gus->equal_dma && gus->gf1.dma2 >= 0) {
+		disable_dma(gus->gf1.dma2);
+		free_dma(gus->gf1.dma2);
+	}
+	kfree(gus);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gus_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = device->device_data;
+	return snd_gus_free(gus);
+}
+
+int snd_gus_create(struct snd_card *card,
+		   unsigned long port,
+		   int irq, int dma1, int dma2,
+		   int timer_dev,
+		   int voices,
+		   int pcm_channels,
+		   int effect,
+		   struct snd_gus_card **rgus)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+	int err;
+	static const struct snd_device_ops ops = {
+		.dev_free =	snd_gus_dev_free,
+	};
+
+	*rgus = NULL;
+	gus = kzalloc_obj(*gus);
+	if (gus == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	spin_lock_init(&gus->reg_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&gus->voice_alloc);
+	spin_lock_init(&gus->active_voice_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&gus->event_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&gus->dma_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&gus->pcm_volume_level_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&gus->uart_cmd_lock);
+	mutex_init(&gus->dma_mutex);
+	gus->gf1.irq = -1;
+	gus->gf1.dma1 = -1;
+	gus->gf1.dma2 = -1;
+	gus->card = card;
+	gus->gf1.port = port;
+	/* fill register variables for speedup */
+	gus->gf1.reg_page = GUSP(gus, GF1PAGE);
+	gus->gf1.reg_regsel = GUSP(gus, GF1REGSEL);
+	gus->gf1.reg_data8 = GUSP(gus, GF1DATAHIGH);
+	gus->gf1.reg_data16 = GUSP(gus, GF1DATALOW);
+	gus->gf1.reg_irqstat = GUSP(gus, IRQSTAT);
+	gus->gf1.reg_dram = GUSP(gus, DRAM);
+	gus->gf1.reg_timerctrl = GUSP(gus, TIMERCNTRL);
+	gus->gf1.reg_timerdata = GUSP(gus, TIMERDATA);
+	/* allocate resources */
+	gus->gf1.res_port1 = request_region(port, 16, "GUS GF1 (Adlib/SB)");
+	if (!gus->gf1.res_port1) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "gus: can't grab SB port 0x%lx\n", port);
+		snd_gus_free(gus);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	gus->gf1.res_port2 = request_region(port + 0x100, 12, "GUS GF1 (Synth)");
+	if (!gus->gf1.res_port2) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "gus: can't grab synth port 0x%lx\n", port + 0x100);
+		snd_gus_free(gus);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	if (irq >= 0 && request_irq(irq, snd_gus_interrupt, 0, "GUS GF1", (void *) gus)) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "gus: can't grab irq %d\n", irq);
+		snd_gus_free(gus);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	gus->gf1.irq = irq;
+	card->sync_irq = irq;
+	if (request_dma(dma1, "GUS - 1")) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "gus: can't grab DMA1 %d\n", dma1);
+		snd_gus_free(gus);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	gus->gf1.dma1 = dma1;
+	if (dma2 >= 0 && dma1 != dma2) {
+		if (request_dma(dma2, "GUS - 2")) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "gus: can't grab DMA2 %d\n", dma2);
+			snd_gus_free(gus);
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+		gus->gf1.dma2 = dma2;
+	} else {
+		gus->gf1.dma2 = gus->gf1.dma1;
+		gus->equal_dma = 1;
+	}
+	gus->timer_dev = timer_dev;
+	if (voices < 14)
+		voices = 14;
+	if (voices > 32)
+		voices = 32;
+	if (pcm_channels < 0)
+		pcm_channels = 0;
+	if (pcm_channels > 8)
+		pcm_channels = 8;
+	pcm_channels++;
+	pcm_channels &= ~1;
+	gus->gf1.effect = effect ? 1 : 0;
+	gus->gf1.active_voices = voices;
+	gus->gf1.pcm_channels = pcm_channels;
+	gus->gf1.volume_ramp = 25;
+	gus->gf1.smooth_pan = 1;
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_LOWLEVEL, gus, &ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_gus_free(gus);
+		return err;
+	}
+	*rgus = gus;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Memory detection routine for plain GF1 soundcards
+ */
+
+static int snd_gus_detect_memory(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	int l, idx, local;
+	unsigned char d;
+
+	snd_gf1_poke(gus, 0L, 0xaa);
+	snd_gf1_poke(gus, 1L, 0x55);
+	if (snd_gf1_peek(gus, 0L) != 0xaa || snd_gf1_peek(gus, 1L) != 0x55) {
+		dev_err(gus->card->dev,
+			"plain GF1 card at 0x%lx without onboard DRAM?\n",
+			gus->gf1.port);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	for (idx = 1, d = 0xab; idx < 4; idx++, d++) {
+		local = idx << 18;
+		snd_gf1_poke(gus, local, d);
+		snd_gf1_poke(gus, local + 1, d + 1);
+		if (snd_gf1_peek(gus, local) != d ||
+		    snd_gf1_peek(gus, local + 1) != d + 1 ||
+		    snd_gf1_peek(gus, 0L) != 0xaa)
+			break;
+	}
+#if 1
+	gus->gf1.memory = idx << 18;
+#else
+	gus->gf1.memory = 256 * 1024;
+#endif
+	for (l = 0, local = gus->gf1.memory; l < 4; l++, local -= 256 * 1024) {
+		gus->gf1.mem_alloc.banks_8[l].address =
+		    gus->gf1.mem_alloc.banks_8[l].size = 0;
+		gus->gf1.mem_alloc.banks_16[l].address = l << 18;
+		gus->gf1.mem_alloc.banks_16[l].size = local > 0 ? 256 * 1024 : 0;
+	}
+	gus->gf1.mem_alloc.banks_8[0].size = gus->gf1.memory;
+	return 0;		/* some memory were detected */
+}
+
+static int snd_gus_init_dma_irq(struct snd_gus_card * gus, int latches)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int irq, dma1, dma2;
+	static const unsigned char irqs[16] =
+		{0, 0, 1, 3, 0, 2, 0, 4, 0, 1, 0, 5, 6, 0, 0, 7};
+	static const unsigned char dmas[8] =
+		{6, 1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 4, 5};
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!gus))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	card = gus->card;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	gus->mix_cntrl_reg &= 0xf8;
+	gus->mix_cntrl_reg |= 0x01;	/* disable MIC, LINE IN, enable LINE OUT */
+	if (gus->codec_flag || gus->ess_flag) {
+		gus->mix_cntrl_reg &= ~1;	/* enable LINE IN */
+		gus->mix_cntrl_reg |= 4;	/* enable MIC */
+	}
+	dma1 = gus->gf1.dma1;
+	dma1 = abs(dma1);
+	dma1 = dmas[dma1 & 7];
+	dma2 = gus->gf1.dma2;
+	dma2 = abs(dma2);
+	dma2 = dmas[dma2 & 7];
+	dma1 |= gus->equal_dma ? 0x40 : (dma2 << 3);
+
+	if ((dma1 & 7) == 0 || (dma2 & 7) == 0) {
+		dev_err(gus->card->dev, "Error! DMA isn't defined.\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	irq = gus->gf1.irq;
+	irq = abs(irq);
+	irq = irqs[irq & 0x0f];
+	if (irq == 0) {
+		dev_err(gus->card->dev, "Error! IRQ isn't defined.\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	irq |= 0x40;
+#if 0
+	card->mixer.mix_ctrl_reg |= 0x10;
+#endif
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->reg_lock) {
+		outb(5, GUSP(gus, REGCNTRLS));
+		outb(gus->mix_cntrl_reg, GUSP(gus, MIXCNTRLREG));
+		outb(0x00, GUSP(gus, IRQDMACNTRLREG));
+		outb(0, GUSP(gus, REGCNTRLS));
+	}
+
+	udelay(100);
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->reg_lock) {
+		outb(0x00 | gus->mix_cntrl_reg, GUSP(gus, MIXCNTRLREG));
+		outb(dma1, GUSP(gus, IRQDMACNTRLREG));
+		if (latches) {
+			outb(0x40 | gus->mix_cntrl_reg, GUSP(gus, MIXCNTRLREG));
+			outb(irq, GUSP(gus, IRQDMACNTRLREG));
+		}
+	}
+
+	udelay(100);
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->reg_lock) {
+		outb(0x00 | gus->mix_cntrl_reg, GUSP(gus, MIXCNTRLREG));
+		outb(dma1, GUSP(gus, IRQDMACNTRLREG));
+		if (latches) {
+			outb(0x40 | gus->mix_cntrl_reg, GUSP(gus, MIXCNTRLREG));
+			outb(irq, GUSP(gus, IRQDMACNTRLREG));
+		}
+	}
+
+	snd_gf1_delay(gus);
+
+	if (latches)
+		gus->mix_cntrl_reg |= 0x08;	/* enable latches */
+	else
+		gus->mix_cntrl_reg &= ~0x08;	/* disable latches */
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->reg_lock) {
+		outb(gus->mix_cntrl_reg, GUSP(gus, MIXCNTRLREG));
+		outb(0, GUSP(gus, GF1PAGE));
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gus_check_version(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	unsigned char val, rev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+
+	card = gus->card;
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->reg_lock) {
+		outb(0x20, GUSP(gus, REGCNTRLS));
+		val = inb(GUSP(gus, REGCNTRLS));
+		rev = inb(GUSP(gus, BOARDVERSION));
+	}
+	dev_dbg(card->dev, "GF1 [0x%lx] init - val = 0x%x, rev = 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, val, rev);
+	strscpy(card->driver, "GUS");
+	strscpy(card->longname, "Gravis UltraSound Classic (2.4)");
+	if ((val != 255 && (val & 0x06)) || (rev >= 5 && rev != 255)) {
+		if (rev >= 5 && rev <= 9) {
+			gus->ics_flag = 1;
+			if (rev == 5)
+				gus->ics_flipped = 1;
+			card->longname[27] = '3';
+			card->longname[29] = rev == 5 ? '5' : '7';
+		}
+		if (rev >= 10 && rev != 255) {
+			if (rev >= 10 && rev <= 11) {
+				strscpy(card->driver, "GUS MAX");
+				strscpy(card->longname, "Gravis UltraSound MAX");
+				gus->max_flag = 1;
+			} else if (rev == 0x30) {
+				strscpy(card->driver, "GUS ACE");
+				strscpy(card->longname, "Gravis UltraSound Ace");
+				gus->ace_flag = 1;
+			} else if (rev == 0x50) {
+				strscpy(card->driver, "GUS Extreme");
+				strscpy(card->longname, "Gravis UltraSound Extreme");
+				gus->ess_flag = 1;
+			} else {
+				dev_err(card->dev,
+					"unknown GF1 revision number at 0x%lx - 0x%x (0x%x)\n",
+					gus->gf1.port, rev, val);
+				dev_err(card->dev,
+					"  please - report to <perex@perex.cz>\n");
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	strscpy(card->shortname, card->longname, sizeof(card->shortname));
+	gus->uart_enable = 1;	/* standard GUSes doesn't have midi uart trouble */
+	snd_gus_init_control(gus);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_gus_initialize(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if (!gus->interwave) {
+		err = snd_gus_check_version(gus);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			dev_err(gus->card->dev, "version check failed\n");
+			return err;
+		}
+		err = snd_gus_detect_memory(gus);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	err = snd_gus_init_dma_irq(gus, 1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	snd_gf1_start(gus);
+	gus->initialized = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_gus_suspend(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if (gus->pcm) {
+		err = snd_pcm_suspend_all(gus->pcm);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_gf1_suspend(gus);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(gus->card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gus_suspend);
+
+int snd_gus_resume(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_gus_init_dma_irq(gus, 1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_gf1_resume(gus);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(gus->card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gus_resume);
+
+  /* gus_io.c */
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_delay);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_write8);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_look8);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_write16);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_look16);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_i_write8);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_i_look8);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_i_look16);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_dram_addr);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_write_addr);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_poke);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_peek);
+  /* gus_reset.c */
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_alloc_voice);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_free_voice);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_ctrl_stop);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_stop_voice);
+  /* gus_mixer.c */
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_new_mixer);
+  /* gus_pcm.c */
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_pcm_new);
+  /* gus.c */
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gus_create);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gus_initialize);
+  /* gus_irq.c */
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gus_interrupt);
+  /* gus_uart.c */
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_rawmidi_new);
+  /* gus_dram.c */
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gus_dram_write);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gus_dram_read);
+  /* gus_volume.c */
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_lvol_to_gvol_raw);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_translate_freq);
+  /* gus_mem.c */
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_mem_alloc);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_mem_xfree);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_mem_free);
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_mem.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_mem.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..927a2bc80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_mem.c
@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  GUS's memory allocation routines / bottom layer
+ */
+
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+#include <sound/info.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+static void snd_gf1_mem_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry, 
+				  struct snd_info_buffer *buffer);
+#endif
+
+static struct snd_gf1_mem_block *
+snd_gf1_mem_xalloc(struct snd_gf1_mem *alloc, struct snd_gf1_mem_block *block,
+		   const char *name)
+{
+	struct snd_gf1_mem_block *pblock, *nblock;
+
+	nblock = kmalloc_obj(struct snd_gf1_mem_block);
+	if (nblock == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+	*nblock = *block;
+	nblock->name = kstrdup(name, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!nblock->name) {
+		kfree(nblock);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	pblock = alloc->first;
+	while (pblock) {
+		if (pblock->ptr > nblock->ptr) {
+			nblock->prev = pblock->prev;
+			nblock->next = pblock;
+			pblock->prev = nblock;
+			if (pblock == alloc->first)
+				alloc->first = nblock;
+			else
+				nblock->prev->next = nblock;
+			return nblock;
+		}
+		pblock = pblock->next;
+	}
+	nblock->next = NULL;
+	if (alloc->last == NULL) {
+		nblock->prev = NULL;
+		alloc->first = alloc->last = nblock;
+	} else {
+		nblock->prev = alloc->last;
+		alloc->last->next = nblock;
+		alloc->last = nblock;
+	}
+	return nblock;
+}
+
+int snd_gf1_mem_xfree(struct snd_gf1_mem * alloc, struct snd_gf1_mem_block * block)
+{
+	if (block->share) {	/* ok.. shared block */
+		block->share--;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (alloc->first == block) {
+		alloc->first = block->next;
+		if (block->next)
+			block->next->prev = NULL;
+	} else {
+		block->prev->next = block->next;
+		if (block->next)
+			block->next->prev = block->prev;
+	}
+	if (alloc->last == block) {
+		alloc->last = block->prev;
+		if (block->prev)
+			block->prev->next = NULL;
+	} else {
+		block->next->prev = block->prev;
+		if (block->prev)
+			block->prev->next = block->next;
+	}
+	kfree(block->name);
+	kfree(block);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct snd_gf1_mem_block *snd_gf1_mem_look(struct snd_gf1_mem * alloc,
+					     unsigned int address)
+{
+	struct snd_gf1_mem_block *block;
+
+	for (block = alloc->first; block; block = block->next) {
+		if (block->ptr == address) {
+			return block;
+		}
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct snd_gf1_mem_block *snd_gf1_mem_share(struct snd_gf1_mem * alloc,
+					      unsigned int *share_id)
+{
+	struct snd_gf1_mem_block *block;
+
+	if (!share_id[0] && !share_id[1] &&
+	    !share_id[2] && !share_id[3])
+		return NULL;
+	for (block = alloc->first; block; block = block->next)
+		if (!memcmp(share_id, block->share_id,
+				sizeof(block->share_id)))
+			return block;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_mem_find(struct snd_gf1_mem * alloc,
+			    struct snd_gf1_mem_block * block,
+			    unsigned int size, int w_16, int align)
+{
+	struct snd_gf1_bank_info *info = w_16 ? alloc->banks_16 : alloc->banks_8;
+	unsigned int idx, boundary;
+	int size1;
+	struct snd_gf1_mem_block *pblock;
+	unsigned int ptr1, ptr2;
+
+	if (w_16 && align < 2)
+		align = 2;
+	block->flags = w_16 ? SNDRV_GF1_MEM_BLOCK_16BIT : 0;
+	block->owner = SNDRV_GF1_MEM_OWNER_DRIVER;
+	block->share = 0;
+	block->share_id[0] = block->share_id[1] =
+	block->share_id[2] = block->share_id[3] = 0;
+	block->name = NULL;
+	block->prev = block->next = NULL;
+	for (pblock = alloc->first, idx = 0; pblock; pblock = pblock->next) {
+		while (pblock->ptr >= (boundary = info[idx].address + info[idx].size))
+			idx++;
+		while (pblock->ptr + pblock->size >= (boundary = info[idx].address + info[idx].size))
+			idx++;
+		ptr2 = boundary;
+		if (pblock->next) {
+			if (pblock->ptr + pblock->size == pblock->next->ptr)
+				continue;
+			if (pblock->next->ptr < boundary)
+				ptr2 = pblock->next->ptr;
+		}
+		ptr1 = ALIGN(pblock->ptr + pblock->size, align);
+		if (ptr1 >= ptr2)
+			continue;
+		size1 = ptr2 - ptr1;
+		if ((int)size <= size1) {
+			block->ptr = ptr1;
+			block->size = size;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	while (++idx < 4) {
+		if (size <= info[idx].size) {
+			/* I assume that bank address is already aligned.. */
+			block->ptr = info[idx].address;
+			block->size = size;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	return -ENOMEM;
+}
+
+struct snd_gf1_mem_block *snd_gf1_mem_alloc(struct snd_gf1_mem * alloc, int owner,
+				       char *name, int size, int w_16, int align,
+				       unsigned int *share_id)
+{
+	struct snd_gf1_mem_block block, *nblock;
+
+	guard(mutex)(&alloc->memory_mutex);
+	if (share_id != NULL) {
+		nblock = snd_gf1_mem_share(alloc, share_id);
+		if (nblock != NULL) {
+			if (size != (int)nblock->size) {
+				/* TODO: remove in the future */
+				pr_err("%s - share: sizes differ\n", __func__);
+				goto __std;
+			}
+			nblock->share++;
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+      __std:
+	if (snd_gf1_mem_find(alloc, &block, size, w_16, align) < 0)
+		return NULL;
+	if (share_id != NULL)
+		memcpy(&block.share_id, share_id, sizeof(block.share_id));
+	block.owner = owner;
+	nblock = snd_gf1_mem_xalloc(alloc, &block, name);
+	return nblock;
+}
+
+int snd_gf1_mem_free(struct snd_gf1_mem * alloc, unsigned int address)
+{
+	struct snd_gf1_mem_block *block;
+
+	guard(mutex)(&alloc->memory_mutex);
+	block = snd_gf1_mem_look(alloc, address);
+	if (block)
+		return snd_gf1_mem_xfree(alloc, block);
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+int snd_gf1_mem_init(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	struct snd_gf1_mem *alloc;
+	struct snd_gf1_mem_block block;
+
+	alloc = &gus->gf1.mem_alloc;
+	mutex_init(&alloc->memory_mutex);
+	alloc->first = alloc->last = NULL;
+	if (!gus->gf1.memory)
+		return 0;
+
+	memset(&block, 0, sizeof(block));
+	block.owner = SNDRV_GF1_MEM_OWNER_DRIVER;
+	if (gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
+		block.ptr = 0;
+		block.size = 1024;
+		if (!snd_gf1_mem_xalloc(alloc, &block, "InterWave LFOs"))
+			return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	block.ptr = gus->gf1.default_voice_address;
+	block.size = 4;
+	if (!snd_gf1_mem_xalloc(alloc, &block, "Voice default (NULL's)"))
+		return -ENOMEM;
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+	snd_card_ro_proc_new(gus->card, "gusmem", gus, snd_gf1_mem_info_read);
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_gf1_mem_done(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	struct snd_gf1_mem *alloc;
+	struct snd_gf1_mem_block *block, *nblock;
+
+	alloc = &gus->gf1.mem_alloc;
+	block = alloc->first;
+	while (block) {
+		nblock = block->next;
+		snd_gf1_mem_xfree(alloc, block);
+		block = nblock;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+static void snd_gf1_mem_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry, 
+				  struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+	struct snd_gf1_mem *alloc;
+	struct snd_gf1_mem_block *block;
+	unsigned int total, used;
+	int i;
+
+	gus = entry->private_data;
+	alloc = &gus->gf1.mem_alloc;
+	guard(mutex)(&alloc->memory_mutex);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "8-bit banks       : \n    ");
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "0x%06x (%04ik)%s", alloc->banks_8[i].address, alloc->banks_8[i].size >> 10, i + 1 < 4 ? "," : "");
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "\n"
+		    "16-bit banks      : \n    ");
+	for (i = total = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "0x%06x (%04ik)%s", alloc->banks_16[i].address, alloc->banks_16[i].size >> 10, i + 1 < 4 ? "," : "");
+		total += alloc->banks_16[i].size;
+	}
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "\n");
+	used = 0;
+	for (block = alloc->first, i = 0; block; block = block->next, i++) {
+		used += block->size;
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Block %i onboard 0x%x size %i (0x%x):\n", i, block->ptr, block->size, block->size);
+		if (block->share ||
+		    block->share_id[0] || block->share_id[1] ||
+		    block->share_id[2] || block->share_id[3])
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "  Share           : %i [id0 0x%x] [id1 0x%x] [id2 0x%x] [id3 0x%x]\n",
+				block->share,
+				block->share_id[0], block->share_id[1],
+				block->share_id[2], block->share_id[3]);
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "  Flags           :%s\n",
+		block->flags & SNDRV_GF1_MEM_BLOCK_16BIT ? " 16-bit" : "");
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "  Owner           : ");
+		switch (block->owner) {
+		case SNDRV_GF1_MEM_OWNER_DRIVER:
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "driver - %s\n", block->name);
+			break;
+		case SNDRV_GF1_MEM_OWNER_WAVE_SIMPLE:
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "SIMPLE wave\n");
+			break;
+		case SNDRV_GF1_MEM_OWNER_WAVE_GF1:
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "GF1 wave\n");
+			break;
+		case SNDRV_GF1_MEM_OWNER_WAVE_IWFFFF:
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "IWFFFF wave\n");
+			break;
+		default:
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "unknown\n");
+		}
+	}
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  Total: memory = %i, used = %i, free = %i\n",
+		    total, used, total - used);
+#if 0
+	ultra_iprintf(buffer, "  Verify: free = %i, max 8-bit block = %i, max 16-bit block = %i\n",
+		      ultra_memory_free_size(card, &card->gf1.mem_alloc),
+		  ultra_memory_free_block(card, &card->gf1.mem_alloc, 0),
+		 ultra_memory_free_block(card, &card->gf1.mem_alloc, 1));
+#endif
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_mem_proc.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_mem_proc.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..04c212882
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_mem_proc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  GUS's memory access via proc filesystem
+ */
+
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+#include <sound/info.h>
+
+struct gus_proc_private {
+	int rom;		/* data are in ROM */
+	unsigned int address;
+	unsigned int size;
+	struct snd_gus_card * gus;
+};
+
+static ssize_t snd_gf1_mem_proc_dump(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
+				     void *file_private_data,
+				     struct file *file, char __user *buf,
+				     size_t count, loff_t pos)
+{
+	struct gus_proc_private *priv = entry->private_data;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = priv->gus;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_gus_dram_read(gus, buf, pos, count, priv->rom);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	return count;
+}			
+
+static void snd_gf1_mem_proc_free(struct snd_info_entry *entry)
+{
+	struct gus_proc_private *priv = entry->private_data;
+	kfree(priv);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_info_entry_ops snd_gf1_mem_proc_ops = {
+	.read = snd_gf1_mem_proc_dump,
+};
+
+int snd_gf1_mem_proc_init(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	int idx;
+	char name[16];
+	struct gus_proc_private *priv;
+	struct snd_info_entry *entry;
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < 4; idx++) {
+		if (gus->gf1.mem_alloc.banks_8[idx].size > 0) {
+			priv = kzalloc_obj(*priv);
+			if (priv == NULL)
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			priv->gus = gus;
+			sprintf(name, "gus-ram-%i", idx);
+			if (! snd_card_proc_new(gus->card, name, &entry)) {
+				entry->content = SNDRV_INFO_CONTENT_DATA;
+				entry->private_data = priv;
+				entry->private_free = snd_gf1_mem_proc_free;
+				entry->c.ops = &snd_gf1_mem_proc_ops;
+				priv->address = gus->gf1.mem_alloc.banks_8[idx].address;
+				priv->size = entry->size = gus->gf1.mem_alloc.banks_8[idx].size;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	for (idx = 0; idx < 4; idx++) {
+		if (gus->gf1.rom_present & (1 << idx)) {
+			priv = kzalloc_obj(*priv);
+			if (priv == NULL)
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			priv->rom = 1;
+			priv->gus = gus;
+			sprintf(name, "gus-rom-%i", idx);
+			if (! snd_card_proc_new(gus->card, name, &entry)) {
+				entry->content = SNDRV_INFO_CONTENT_DATA;
+				entry->private_data = priv;
+				entry->private_free = snd_gf1_mem_proc_free;
+				entry->c.ops = &snd_gf1_mem_proc_ops;
+				priv->address = idx * 4096 * 1024;
+				priv->size = entry->size = gus->gf1.rom_memory;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_mixer.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_mixer.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9bfdb4e45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_mixer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Routines for control of ICS 2101 chip and "mixer" in GF1 chip
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+
+/*
+ *
+ */
+
+#define GF1_SINGLE(xname, xindex, shift, invert) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_gf1_info_single, \
+  .get = snd_gf1_get_single, .put = snd_gf1_put_single, \
+  .private_value = shift | (invert << 8) }
+
+#define snd_gf1_info_single	snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
+
+static int snd_gf1_get_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int shift = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 1;
+	
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (gus->mix_cntrl_reg >> shift) & 1;
+	if (invert)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] ^= 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_put_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int shift = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 1;
+	int change;
+	unsigned char oval, nval;
+	
+	nval = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 1;
+	if (invert)
+		nval ^= 1;
+	nval <<= shift;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	oval = gus->mix_cntrl_reg;
+	nval = (oval & ~(1 << shift)) | nval;
+	change = nval != oval;
+	outb(gus->mix_cntrl_reg = nval, GUSP(gus, MIXCNTRLREG));
+	outb(gus->gf1.active_voice = 0, GUSP(gus, GF1PAGE));
+	return change;
+}
+
+#define ICS_DOUBLE(xname, xindex, addr) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_ics_info_double, \
+  .get = snd_ics_get_double, .put = snd_ics_put_double, \
+  .private_value = addr }
+
+static int snd_ics_info_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 127;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ics_get_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int addr = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	unsigned char left, right;
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	left = gus->gf1.ics_regs[addr][0];
+	right = gus->gf1.ics_regs[addr][1];
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = left & 127;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = right & 127;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_ics_put_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int addr = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int change;
+	unsigned char val1, val2, oval1, oval2;
+	
+	val1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 127;
+	val2 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & 127;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	oval1 = gus->gf1.ics_regs[addr][0];
+	oval2 = gus->gf1.ics_regs[addr][1];
+	change = val1 != oval1 || val2 != oval2;
+	gus->gf1.ics_regs[addr][0] = val1;
+	gus->gf1.ics_regs[addr][1] = val2;
+	if (gus->ics_flag && gus->ics_flipped &&
+	    (addr == SNDRV_ICS_GF1_DEV || addr == SNDRV_ICS_MASTER_DEV))
+		swap(val1, val2);
+	addr <<= 3;
+	outb(addr | 0, GUSP(gus, MIXCNTRLPORT));
+	outb(1, GUSP(gus, MIXDATAPORT));
+	outb(addr | 2, GUSP(gus, MIXCNTRLPORT));
+	outb((unsigned char) val1, GUSP(gus, MIXDATAPORT));
+	outb(addr | 1, GUSP(gus, MIXCNTRLPORT));
+	outb(2, GUSP(gus, MIXDATAPORT));
+	outb(addr | 3, GUSP(gus, MIXCNTRLPORT));
+	outb((unsigned char) val2, GUSP(gus, MIXDATAPORT));
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_gf1_controls[] = {
+GF1_SINGLE("Master Playback Switch", 0, 1, 1),
+GF1_SINGLE("Line Switch", 0, 0, 1),
+GF1_SINGLE("Mic Switch", 0, 2, 0)
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_ics_controls[] = {
+GF1_SINGLE("Master Playback Switch", 0, 1, 1),
+ICS_DOUBLE("Master Playback Volume", 0, SNDRV_ICS_MASTER_DEV),
+ICS_DOUBLE("Synth Playback Volume", 0, SNDRV_ICS_GF1_DEV),
+GF1_SINGLE("Line Switch", 0, 0, 1),
+ICS_DOUBLE("Line Playback Volume", 0, SNDRV_ICS_LINE_DEV),
+GF1_SINGLE("Mic Switch", 0, 2, 0),
+ICS_DOUBLE("Mic Playback Volume", 0, SNDRV_ICS_MIC_DEV),
+ICS_DOUBLE("CD Playback Volume", 0, SNDRV_ICS_CD_DEV)
+};
+
+int snd_gf1_new_mixer(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	unsigned int idx, max;
+	int err;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!gus))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	card = gus->card;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (gus->ics_flag)
+		snd_component_add(card, "ICS2101");
+	if (card->mixername[0] == '\0') {
+		strscpy(card->mixername, gus->ics_flag ? "GF1,ICS2101" : "GF1");
+	} else {
+		if (gus->ics_flag)
+			strcat(card->mixername, ",ICS2101");
+		strcat(card->mixername, ",GF1");
+	}
+
+	if (!gus->ics_flag) {
+		max = gus->ess_flag ? 1 : ARRAY_SIZE(snd_gf1_controls);
+		for (idx = 0; idx < max; idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_gf1_controls[idx], gus));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	} else {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_ics_controls); idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_ics_controls[idx], gus));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_pcm.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_pcm.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..08ccb4d80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_pcm.c
@@ -0,0 +1,862 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Routines for control of GF1 chip (PCM things)
+ *
+ *  InterWave chips supports interleaved DMA, but this feature isn't used in
+ *  this code.
+ *  
+ *  This code emulates autoinit DMA transfer for playback, recording by GF1
+ *  chip doesn't support autoinit DMA.
+ */
+
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
+
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+#include <sound/pcm_params.h>
+#include "gus_tables.h"
+
+/* maximum rate */
+
+#define SNDRV_GF1_PCM_RATE		48000
+
+#define SNDRV_GF1_PCM_PFLG_NONE		0
+#define SNDRV_GF1_PCM_PFLG_ACTIVE	(1<<0)
+#define SNDRV_GF1_PCM_PFLG_NEUTRAL	(2<<0)
+
+struct gus_pcm_private {
+	struct snd_gus_card * gus;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	spinlock_t lock;
+	unsigned int voices;
+	struct snd_gus_voice *pvoices[2];
+	unsigned int memory;
+	unsigned short flags;
+	unsigned char voice_ctrl, ramp_ctrl;
+	unsigned int bpos;
+	unsigned int blocks;
+	unsigned int block_size;
+	unsigned int dma_size;
+	wait_queue_head_t sleep;
+	atomic_t dma_count;
+	int final_volume;
+};
+
+static void snd_gf1_pcm_block_change_ack(struct snd_gus_card * gus, void *private_data)
+{
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp = private_data;
+
+	if (pcmp) {
+		atomic_dec(&pcmp->dma_count);
+		wake_up(&pcmp->sleep);
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_block_change(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				    unsigned int offset,
+				    unsigned int addr,
+				    unsigned int count)
+{
+	struct snd_gf1_dma_block block;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp = runtime->private_data;
+
+	count += offset & 31;
+	offset &= ~31;
+	memset(&block, 0, sizeof(block));
+	block.cmd = SNDRV_GF1_DMA_IRQ;
+	if (snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format))
+		block.cmd |= SNDRV_GF1_DMA_UNSIGNED;
+	if (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16)
+		block.cmd |= SNDRV_GF1_DMA_16BIT;
+	block.addr = addr & ~31;
+	block.buffer = runtime->dma_area + offset;
+	block.buf_addr = runtime->dma_addr + offset;
+	block.count = count;
+	block.private_data = pcmp;
+	block.ack = snd_gf1_pcm_block_change_ack;
+	if (!snd_gf1_dma_transfer_block(pcmp->gus, &block, 0, 0))
+		atomic_inc(&pcmp->dma_count);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_pcm_trigger_up(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_gus_card * gus = pcmp->gus;
+	unsigned char voice_ctrl, ramp_ctrl;
+	unsigned short rate;
+	unsigned int curr, begin, end;
+	unsigned short vol;
+	unsigned char pan;
+	unsigned int voice;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &pcmp->lock) {
+		if (pcmp->flags & SNDRV_GF1_PCM_PFLG_ACTIVE)
+			return;
+		pcmp->flags |= SNDRV_GF1_PCM_PFLG_ACTIVE;
+		pcmp->final_volume = 0;
+	}
+	rate = snd_gf1_translate_freq(gus, runtime->rate << 4);
+	/* enable WAVE IRQ */
+	voice_ctrl = snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16 ? 0x24 : 0x20;
+	/* enable RAMP IRQ + rollover */
+	ramp_ctrl = 0x24;
+	if (pcmp->blocks == 1) {
+		voice_ctrl |= 0x08;	/* loop enable */
+		ramp_ctrl &= ~0x04;	/* disable rollover */
+	}
+	for (voice = 0; voice < pcmp->voices; voice++) {
+		begin = pcmp->memory + voice * (pcmp->dma_size / runtime->channels);
+		curr = begin + (pcmp->bpos * pcmp->block_size) / runtime->channels;
+		end = curr + (pcmp->block_size / runtime->channels);
+		end -= snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16 ? 2 : 1;
+		pan = runtime->channels == 2 ? (!voice ? 1 : 14) : 8;
+		vol = !voice ? gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_left : gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_right;
+		guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+		snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pcmp->pvoices[voice]->number);
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_PAN, pan);
+		snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VW_FREQUENCY, rate);
+		snd_gf1_write_addr(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VA_START, begin << 4, voice_ctrl & 4);
+		snd_gf1_write_addr(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VA_END, end << 4, voice_ctrl & 4);
+		snd_gf1_write_addr(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VA_CURRENT, curr << 4, voice_ctrl & 4);
+		snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VW_VOLUME, SNDRV_GF1_MIN_VOLUME << 4);
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_RATE, 0x2f);
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_START, SNDRV_GF1_MIN_OFFSET);
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_END, vol >> 8);
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_CONTROL, ramp_ctrl);
+		if (!gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
+			snd_gf1_delay(gus);
+			snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_CONTROL, ramp_ctrl);
+		}
+	}
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	for (voice = 0; voice < pcmp->voices; voice++) {
+		snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pcmp->pvoices[voice]->number);
+		if (gus->gf1.enh_mode)
+			snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_MODE, 0x00);	/* deactivate voice */
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_ADDRESS_CONTROL, voice_ctrl);
+		voice_ctrl &= ~0x20;
+	}
+	voice_ctrl |= 0x20;
+	if (!gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
+		snd_gf1_delay(gus);
+		for (voice = 0; voice < pcmp->voices; voice++) {
+			snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pcmp->pvoices[voice]->number);
+			snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_ADDRESS_CONTROL, voice_ctrl);
+			voice_ctrl &= ~0x20;	/* disable IRQ for next voice */
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_pcm_interrupt_wave(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+				       struct snd_gus_voice *pvoice)
+{
+	struct gus_pcm_private * pcmp;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime;
+	unsigned char voice_ctrl, ramp_ctrl;
+	unsigned int idx;
+	unsigned int end, step;
+
+	if (!pvoice->private_data) {
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "%s: unknown wave irq?\n", __func__);
+		snd_gf1_smart_stop_voice(gus, pvoice->number);
+		return;
+	}
+	pcmp = pvoice->private_data;
+	if (pcmp == NULL) {
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "%s: unknown wave irq?\n", __func__);
+		snd_gf1_smart_stop_voice(gus, pvoice->number);
+		return;
+	}		
+	gus = pcmp->gus;
+	runtime = pcmp->substream->runtime;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock, &gus->reg_lock) {
+		snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pvoice->number);
+		voice_ctrl = snd_gf1_read8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_ADDRESS_CONTROL) & ~0x8b;
+		ramp_ctrl = (snd_gf1_read8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_CONTROL) & ~0xa4) | 0x03;
+#if 0
+		snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pvoice->number);
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "position = 0x%x\n",
+			(snd_gf1_read_addr(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VA_CURRENT, voice_ctrl & 4) >> 4));
+		snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pcmp->pvoices[1]->number);
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "position = 0x%x\n",
+			(snd_gf1_read_addr(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VA_CURRENT, voice_ctrl & 4) >> 4));
+		snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pvoice->number);
+#endif
+		pcmp->bpos++;
+		pcmp->bpos %= pcmp->blocks;
+		if (pcmp->bpos + 1 >= pcmp->blocks) {	/* last block? */
+			voice_ctrl |= 0x08;	/* enable loop */
+		} else {
+			ramp_ctrl |= 0x04;	/* enable rollover */
+		}
+		end = pcmp->memory + (((pcmp->bpos + 1) * pcmp->block_size) / runtime->channels);
+		end -= voice_ctrl & 4 ? 2 : 1;
+		step = pcmp->dma_size / runtime->channels;
+		voice_ctrl |= 0x20;
+		if (!pcmp->final_volume) {
+			ramp_ctrl |= 0x20;
+			ramp_ctrl &= ~0x03;
+		}
+		for (idx = 0; idx < pcmp->voices; idx++, end += step) {
+			snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pcmp->pvoices[idx]->number);
+			snd_gf1_write_addr(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VA_END, end << 4, voice_ctrl & 4);
+			snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_ADDRESS_CONTROL, voice_ctrl);
+			snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_CONTROL, ramp_ctrl);
+			voice_ctrl &= ~0x20;
+		}
+		if (!gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
+			snd_gf1_delay(gus);
+			voice_ctrl |= 0x20;
+			for (idx = 0; idx < pcmp->voices; idx++) {
+				snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pcmp->pvoices[idx]->number);
+				snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_ADDRESS_CONTROL, voice_ctrl);
+				snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_CONTROL, ramp_ctrl);
+				voice_ctrl &= ~0x20;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	snd_pcm_period_elapsed(pcmp->substream);
+#if 0
+	if ((runtime->flags & SNDRV_PCM_FLG_MMAP) &&
+	    *runtime->state == SNDRV_PCM_STATE_RUNNING) {
+		end = pcmp->bpos * pcmp->block_size;
+		if (runtime->channels > 1) {
+			snd_gf1_pcm_block_change(pcmp->substream, end, pcmp->memory + (end / 2), pcmp->block_size / 2);
+			snd_gf1_pcm_block_change(pcmp->substream, end + (pcmp->block_size / 2), pcmp->memory + (pcmp->dma_size / 2) + (end / 2), pcmp->block_size / 2);
+		} else {
+			snd_gf1_pcm_block_change(pcmp->substream, end, pcmp->memory + end, pcmp->block_size);
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_pcm_interrupt_volume(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+					 struct snd_gus_voice * pvoice)
+{
+	unsigned short vol;
+	int cvoice;
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp = pvoice->private_data;
+
+	/* stop ramp, but leave rollover bit untouched */
+	scoped_guard(spinlock, &gus->reg_lock) {
+		snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pvoice->number);
+		snd_gf1_ctrl_stop(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_CONTROL);
+	}
+	if (pcmp == NULL)
+		return;
+	/* are we active? */
+	if (!(pcmp->flags & SNDRV_GF1_PCM_PFLG_ACTIVE))
+		return;
+	/* load real volume - better precision */
+	cvoice = pcmp->pvoices[0] == pvoice ? 0 : 1;
+	if (pcmp->substream == NULL)
+		return;
+	vol = !cvoice ? gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_left : gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_right;
+	guard(spinlock)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pvoice->number);
+	snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VW_VOLUME, vol);
+	pcmp->final_volume = 1;
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_pcm_volume_change(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_poke_block(struct snd_gus_card *gus, unsigned char *buf,
+				  unsigned int pos, unsigned int count,
+				  int w16, int invert)
+{
+	unsigned int len;
+
+	while (count > 0) {
+		len = count;
+		if (len > 512)		/* limit, to allow IRQ */
+			len = 512;
+		count -= len;
+		if (gus->interwave) {
+			guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+			snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_MEMORY_CONTROL, 0x01 | (invert ? 0x08 : 0x00));
+			snd_gf1_dram_addr(gus, pos);
+			if (w16) {
+				outb(SNDRV_GF1_GW_DRAM_IO16, GUSP(gus, GF1REGSEL));
+				outsw(GUSP(gus, GF1DATALOW), buf, len >> 1);
+			} else {
+				outsb(GUSP(gus, DRAM), buf, len);
+			}
+			buf += 512;
+			pos += 512;
+		} else {
+			invert = invert ? 0x80 : 0x00;
+			if (w16) {
+				len >>= 1;
+				while (len--) {
+					snd_gf1_poke(gus, pos++, *buf++);
+					snd_gf1_poke(gus, pos++, *buf++ ^ invert);
+				}
+			} else {
+				while (len--)
+					snd_gf1_poke(gus, pos++, *buf++ ^ invert);
+			}
+		}
+		if (count > 0 && !in_interrupt()) {
+			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
+			if (signal_pending(current))
+				return -EAGAIN;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_bpos(struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp, int voice, unsigned int pos,
+		    unsigned int len)
+{
+	unsigned int bpos = pos + (voice * (pcmp->dma_size / 2));
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(bpos > pcmp->dma_size))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(bpos + len > pcmp->dma_size))
+		return -EIO;
+	return bpos;
+}
+
+static int playback_copy_ack(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			     unsigned int bpos, unsigned int len)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp = runtime->private_data;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = pcmp->gus;
+	int w16, invert;
+
+	if (len > 32)
+		return snd_gf1_pcm_block_change(substream, bpos,
+						pcmp->memory + bpos, len);
+
+	w16 = (snd_pcm_format_width(runtime->format) == 16);
+	invert = snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format);
+	return snd_gf1_pcm_poke_block(gus, runtime->dma_area + bpos,
+				      pcmp->memory + bpos, len, w16, invert);
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_playback_copy(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				     int voice, unsigned long pos,
+				     struct iov_iter *src, unsigned long count)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp = runtime->private_data;
+	unsigned int len = count;
+	int bpos;
+
+	bpos = get_bpos(pcmp, voice, pos, len);
+	if (bpos < 0)
+		return bpos;
+	if (copy_from_iter(runtime->dma_area + bpos, len, src) != len)
+		return -EFAULT;
+	return playback_copy_ack(substream, bpos, len);
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_playback_silence(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					int voice, unsigned long pos,
+					unsigned long count)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp = runtime->private_data;
+	unsigned int len = count;
+	int bpos;
+	
+	bpos = get_bpos(pcmp, voice, pos, len);
+	if (bpos < 0)
+		return bpos;
+	snd_pcm_format_set_silence(runtime->format, runtime->dma_area + bpos,
+				   bytes_to_samples(runtime, count));
+	return playback_copy_ack(substream, bpos, len);
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					  struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp = runtime->private_data;
+
+	if (runtime->buffer_changed) {
+		struct snd_gf1_mem_block *block;
+		if (pcmp->memory > 0) {
+			snd_gf1_mem_free(&gus->gf1.mem_alloc, pcmp->memory);
+			pcmp->memory = 0;
+		}
+		block = snd_gf1_mem_alloc(&gus->gf1.mem_alloc,
+					  SNDRV_GF1_MEM_OWNER_DRIVER,
+					  "GF1 PCM",
+					  runtime->dma_bytes, 1, 32,
+					  NULL);
+		if (!block)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		pcmp->memory = block->ptr;
+	}
+	pcmp->voices = params_channels(hw_params);
+	if (pcmp->pvoices[0] == NULL) {
+		pcmp->pvoices[0] = snd_gf1_alloc_voice(pcmp->gus, SNDRV_GF1_VOICE_TYPE_PCM, 0, 0);
+		if (!pcmp->pvoices[0])
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		pcmp->pvoices[0]->handler_wave = snd_gf1_pcm_interrupt_wave;
+		pcmp->pvoices[0]->handler_volume = snd_gf1_pcm_interrupt_volume;
+		pcmp->pvoices[0]->volume_change = snd_gf1_pcm_volume_change;
+		pcmp->pvoices[0]->private_data = pcmp;
+	}
+	if (pcmp->voices > 1 && pcmp->pvoices[1] == NULL) {
+		pcmp->pvoices[1] = snd_gf1_alloc_voice(pcmp->gus, SNDRV_GF1_VOICE_TYPE_PCM, 0, 0);
+		if (!pcmp->pvoices[1])
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		pcmp->pvoices[1]->handler_wave = snd_gf1_pcm_interrupt_wave;
+		pcmp->pvoices[1]->handler_volume = snd_gf1_pcm_interrupt_volume;
+		pcmp->pvoices[1]->volume_change = snd_gf1_pcm_volume_change;
+		pcmp->pvoices[1]->private_data = pcmp;
+	} else if (pcmp->voices == 1) {
+		if (pcmp->pvoices[1]) {
+			snd_gf1_free_voice(pcmp->gus, pcmp->pvoices[1]);
+			pcmp->pvoices[1] = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_playback_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp = runtime->private_data;
+
+	if (pcmp->pvoices[0]) {
+		snd_gf1_free_voice(pcmp->gus, pcmp->pvoices[0]);
+		pcmp->pvoices[0] = NULL;
+	}
+	if (pcmp->pvoices[1]) {
+		snd_gf1_free_voice(pcmp->gus, pcmp->pvoices[1]);
+		pcmp->pvoices[1] = NULL;
+	}
+	if (pcmp->memory > 0) {
+		snd_gf1_mem_free(&pcmp->gus->gf1.mem_alloc, pcmp->memory);
+		pcmp->memory = 0;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp = runtime->private_data;
+
+	pcmp->bpos = 0;
+	pcmp->dma_size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	pcmp->block_size = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+	pcmp->blocks = pcmp->dma_size / pcmp->block_size;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_playback_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp = runtime->private_data;
+	int voice;
+
+	if (cmd == SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START) {
+		snd_gf1_pcm_trigger_up(substream);
+	} else if (cmd == SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP ||
+		   cmd == SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND) {
+		scoped_guard(spinlock, &pcmp->lock) {
+			pcmp->flags &= ~SNDRV_GF1_PCM_PFLG_ACTIVE;
+		}
+		voice = pcmp->pvoices[0]->number;
+		snd_gf1_stop_voices(gus, voice, voice);
+		if (pcmp->pvoices[1]) {
+			voice = pcmp->pvoices[1]->number;
+			snd_gf1_stop_voices(gus, voice, voice);
+		}
+	} else {
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_gf1_pcm_playback_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp = runtime->private_data;
+	unsigned int pos;
+	unsigned char voice_ctrl;
+
+	pos = 0;
+	guard(spinlock)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	if (pcmp->flags & SNDRV_GF1_PCM_PFLG_ACTIVE) {
+		snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pcmp->pvoices[0]->number);
+		voice_ctrl = snd_gf1_read8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_ADDRESS_CONTROL);
+		pos = (snd_gf1_read_addr(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VA_CURRENT, voice_ctrl & 4) >> 4) - pcmp->memory;
+		if (substream->runtime->channels > 1)
+			pos <<= 1;
+		pos = bytes_to_frames(runtime, pos);
+	}
+	return pos;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_ratnum clock = {
+	.num = 9878400/16,
+	.den_min = 2,
+	.den_max = 257,
+	.den_step = 1,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums hw_constraints_clocks  = {
+	.nrats = 1,
+	.rats = &clock,
+};
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_capture_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					 struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	gus->c_dma_size = params_buffer_bytes(hw_params);
+	gus->c_period_size = params_period_bytes(hw_params);
+	gus->c_pos = 0;
+	gus->gf1.pcm_rcntrl_reg = 0x21;		/* IRQ at end, enable & start */
+	if (params_channels(hw_params) > 1)
+		gus->gf1.pcm_rcntrl_reg |= 2;
+	if (gus->gf1.dma2 > 3)
+		gus->gf1.pcm_rcntrl_reg |= 4;
+	if (snd_pcm_format_unsigned(params_format(hw_params)))
+		gus->gf1.pcm_rcntrl_reg |= 0x80;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RECORD_RATE, runtime->rate_den - 2);
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_REC_DMA_CONTROL, 0);	/* disable sampling */
+	snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_REC_DMA_CONTROL);	/* Sampling Control Register */
+	snd_dma_program(gus->gf1.dma2, runtime->dma_addr, gus->c_period_size, DMA_MODE_READ);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_capture_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				       int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	int val;
+	
+	if (cmd == SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START) {
+		val = gus->gf1.pcm_rcntrl_reg;
+	} else if (cmd == SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP ||
+		   cmd == SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND) {
+		val = 0;
+	} else {
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	guard(spinlock)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_REC_DMA_CONTROL, val);
+	snd_gf1_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_REC_DMA_CONTROL);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_gf1_pcm_capture_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	int pos = snd_dma_pointer(gus->gf1.dma2, gus->c_period_size);
+	pos = bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, (gus->c_pos + pos) % gus->c_dma_size);
+	return pos;
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_pcm_interrupt_dma_read(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_REC_DMA_CONTROL, 0);	/* disable sampling */
+	snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_REC_DMA_CONTROL);	/* Sampling Control Register */
+	if (gus->pcm_cap_substream != NULL) {
+		snd_gf1_pcm_capture_prepare(gus->pcm_cap_substream); 
+		snd_gf1_pcm_capture_trigger(gus->pcm_cap_substream, SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START);
+		gus->c_pos += gus->c_period_size;
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(gus->pcm_cap_substream);
+	}
+}
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_gf1_pcm_playback =
+{
+	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_NONINTERLEAVED,
+	.formats		= (SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE),
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		5510,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_gf1_pcm_capture =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_44100,
+	.rate_min =		5510,
+	.rate_max =		44100,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static void snd_gf1_pcm_playback_free(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	kfree(runtime->private_data);
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int err;
+
+	pcmp = kzalloc_obj(*pcmp);
+	if (pcmp == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	pcmp->gus = gus;
+	spin_lock_init(&pcmp->lock);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&pcmp->sleep);
+	atomic_set(&pcmp->dma_count, 0);
+
+	runtime->private_data = pcmp;
+	runtime->private_free = snd_gf1_pcm_playback_free;
+
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+		"playback.buffer = 0x%lx, gf1.pcm_buffer = 0x%lx\n",
+		(long) pcm->playback.buffer, (long) gus->gf1.pcm_buffer);
+#endif
+	err = snd_gf1_dma_init(gus);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pcmp->flags = SNDRV_GF1_PCM_PFLG_NONE;
+	pcmp->substream = substream;
+	runtime->hw = snd_gf1_pcm_playback;
+	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(gus->gf1.dma1, &runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max);
+	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(gus->gf1.dma1, &runtime->hw.period_bytes_max);
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 64);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp = runtime->private_data;
+	
+	if (!wait_event_timeout(pcmp->sleep, (atomic_read(&pcmp->dma_count) <= 0), 2*HZ))
+		dev_err(gus->card->dev, "gf1 pcm - serious DMA problem\n");
+
+	snd_gf1_dma_done(gus);	
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_dma_read = snd_gf1_pcm_interrupt_dma_read;
+	gus->pcm_cap_substream = substream;
+	substream->runtime->hw = snd_gf1_pcm_capture;
+	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(gus->gf1.dma2, &runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max);
+	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(gus->gf1.dma2, &runtime->hw.period_bytes_max);
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+				      &hw_constraints_clocks);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_capture_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	gus->pcm_cap_substream = NULL;
+	snd_gf1_set_default_handlers(gus, SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_DMA_READ);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_volume_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 127;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_volume_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->pcm_volume_level_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_left1;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_right1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_pcm_volume_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change;
+	unsigned int idx;
+	unsigned short val1, val2, vol;
+	struct gus_pcm_private *pcmp;
+	struct snd_gus_voice *pvoice;
+	
+	val1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 127;
+	val2 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & 127;
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->pcm_volume_level_lock) {
+		change = val1 != gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_left1 ||
+			val2 != gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_right1;
+		gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_left1 = val1;
+		gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_right1 = val2;
+		gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_left = snd_gf1_lvol_to_gvol_raw(val1 << 9) << 4;
+		gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_right = snd_gf1_lvol_to_gvol_raw(val2 << 9) << 4;
+	}
+	/* are we active? */
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->voice_alloc) {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < 32; idx++) {
+			pvoice = &gus->gf1.voices[idx];
+			if (!pvoice->pcm)
+				continue;
+			pcmp = pvoice->private_data;
+			if (!(pcmp->flags & SNDRV_GF1_PCM_PFLG_ACTIVE))
+				continue;
+			/* load real volume - better precision */
+			guard(spinlock)(&gus->reg_lock);
+			snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, pvoice->number);
+			snd_gf1_ctrl_stop(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_CONTROL);
+			vol = pvoice == pcmp->pvoices[0] ? gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_left : gus->gf1.pcm_volume_level_right;
+			snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VW_VOLUME, vol);
+			pcmp->final_volume = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_gf1_pcm_volume_control =
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "PCM Playback Volume",
+	.info = snd_gf1_pcm_volume_info,
+	.get = snd_gf1_pcm_volume_get,
+	.put = snd_gf1_pcm_volume_put
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_gf1_pcm_volume_control1 =
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "GPCM Playback Volume",
+	.info = snd_gf1_pcm_volume_info,
+	.get = snd_gf1_pcm_volume_get,
+	.put = snd_gf1_pcm_volume_put
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_gf1_pcm_playback_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_gf1_pcm_playback_open,
+	.close =	snd_gf1_pcm_playback_close,
+	.hw_params =	snd_gf1_pcm_playback_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	snd_gf1_pcm_playback_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	snd_gf1_pcm_playback_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_gf1_pcm_playback_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_gf1_pcm_playback_pointer,
+	.copy =		snd_gf1_pcm_playback_copy,
+	.fill_silence =	snd_gf1_pcm_playback_silence,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_gf1_pcm_capture_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_gf1_pcm_capture_open,
+	.close =	snd_gf1_pcm_capture_close,
+	.hw_params =	snd_gf1_pcm_capture_hw_params,
+	.prepare =	snd_gf1_pcm_capture_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_gf1_pcm_capture_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_gf1_pcm_capture_pointer,
+};
+
+int snd_gf1_pcm_new(struct snd_gus_card *gus, int pcm_dev, int control_index)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+	int capture, err;
+
+	card = gus->card;
+	capture = !gus->interwave && !gus->ess_flag && !gus->ace_flag ? 1 : 0;
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card,
+			  gus->interwave ? "AMD InterWave" : "GF1",
+			  pcm_dev,
+			  gus->gf1.pcm_channels / 2,
+			  capture,
+			  &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pcm->private_data = gus;
+	/* playback setup */
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_gf1_pcm_playback_ops);
+
+	for (substream = pcm->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK].substream; substream; substream = substream->next)
+		snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer(substream, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
+					   card->dev,
+					   64*1024, gus->gf1.dma1 > 3 ? 128*1024 : 64*1024);
+	
+	pcm->info_flags = 0;
+	pcm->dev_subclass = SNDRV_PCM_SUBCLASS_GENERIC_MIX;
+	if (capture) {
+		snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_gf1_pcm_capture_ops);
+		if (gus->gf1.dma2 == gus->gf1.dma1)
+			pcm->info_flags |= SNDRV_PCM_INFO_HALF_DUPLEX;
+		snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer(pcm->streams[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].substream,
+					   SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, card->dev,
+					   64*1024, gus->gf1.dma2 > 3 ? 128*1024 : 64*1024);
+	}
+	strscpy(pcm->name, pcm->id);
+	if (gus->interwave) {
+		sprintf(pcm->name + strlen(pcm->name), " rev %c", gus->revision + 'A');
+	}
+	strcat(pcm->name, " (synth)");
+	gus->pcm = pcm;
+
+	if (gus->codec_flag)
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_gf1_pcm_volume_control1, gus);
+	else
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_gf1_pcm_volume_control, gus);
+	if (!kctl)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	kctl->id.index = control_index;
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_reset.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_reset.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..998fa2457
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_reset.c
@@ -0,0 +1,401 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+
+/*
+ *  ok.. default interrupt handlers...
+ */
+
+static void snd_gf1_default_interrupt_handler_midi_out(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	snd_gf1_uart_cmd(gus, gus->gf1.uart_cmd &= ~0x20);
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_default_interrupt_handler_midi_in(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	snd_gf1_uart_cmd(gus, gus->gf1.uart_cmd &= ~0x80);
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_default_interrupt_handler_timer1(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_SOUND_BLASTER_CONTROL, gus->gf1.timer_enabled &= ~4);
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_default_interrupt_handler_timer2(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_SOUND_BLASTER_CONTROL, gus->gf1.timer_enabled &= ~8);
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_default_interrupt_handler_wave_and_volume(struct snd_gus_card * gus, struct snd_gus_voice * voice)
+{
+	snd_gf1_i_ctrl_stop(gus, 0x00);
+	snd_gf1_i_ctrl_stop(gus, 0x0d);
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_default_interrupt_handler_dma_write(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, 0x41, 0x00);
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_default_interrupt_handler_dma_read(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, 0x49, 0x00);
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_set_default_handlers(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned int what)
+{
+	if (what & SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_MIDI_OUT)
+		gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_midi_out = snd_gf1_default_interrupt_handler_midi_out;
+	if (what & SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_MIDI_IN)
+		gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_midi_in = snd_gf1_default_interrupt_handler_midi_in;
+	if (what & SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_TIMER1)
+		gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_timer1 = snd_gf1_default_interrupt_handler_timer1;
+	if (what & SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_TIMER2)
+		gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_timer2 = snd_gf1_default_interrupt_handler_timer2;
+	if (what & SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_VOICE) {
+		struct snd_gus_voice *voice;
+		
+		voice = &gus->gf1.voices[what & 0xffff];
+		voice->handler_wave =
+		voice->handler_volume = snd_gf1_default_interrupt_handler_wave_and_volume;
+		voice->handler_effect = NULL;
+		voice->volume_change = NULL;
+	}
+	if (what & SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_DMA_WRITE)
+		gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_dma_write = snd_gf1_default_interrupt_handler_dma_write;
+	if (what & SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_DMA_READ)
+		gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_dma_read = snd_gf1_default_interrupt_handler_dma_read;
+}
+
+/*
+
+ */
+
+static void snd_gf1_clear_regs(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	inb(GUSP(gus, IRQSTAT));
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, 0x41, 0);	/* DRAM DMA Control Register */
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, 0x45, 0);	/* Timer Control */
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, 0x49, 0);	/* Sampling Control Register */
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_look_regs(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	snd_gf1_look8(gus, 0x41);	/* DRAM DMA Control Register */
+	snd_gf1_look8(gus, 0x49);	/* Sampling Control Register */
+	inb(GUSP(gus, IRQSTAT));
+	snd_gf1_read8(gus, 0x0f);	/* IRQ Source Register */
+}
+
+/*
+ *  put selected GF1 voices to initial stage...
+ */
+
+void snd_gf1_smart_stop_voice(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned short voice)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, voice);
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+		" -%i- smart stop voice - volume = 0x%x\n",
+		voice, snd_gf1_i_read16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VW_VOLUME));
+#endif
+	snd_gf1_ctrl_stop(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_ADDRESS_CONTROL);
+	snd_gf1_ctrl_stop(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_CONTROL);
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_stop_voice(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned short voice)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, voice);
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+		" -%i- stop voice - volume = 0x%x\n",
+		voice, snd_gf1_i_read16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VW_VOLUME));
+#endif
+	snd_gf1_ctrl_stop(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_ADDRESS_CONTROL);
+	snd_gf1_ctrl_stop(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_CONTROL);
+	if (gus->gf1.enh_mode)
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_ACCUMULATOR, 0);
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_clear_voices(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned short v_min,
+				 unsigned short v_max)
+{
+	unsigned int daddr;
+	unsigned short i, w_16;
+
+	daddr = gus->gf1.default_voice_address << 4;
+	for (i = v_min; i <= v_max; i++) {
+#if 0
+		if (gus->gf1.syn_voices)
+			gus->gf1.syn_voices[i].flags = ~VFLG_DYNAMIC;
+#endif
+		guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+		snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, i);
+		snd_gf1_ctrl_stop(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_ADDRESS_CONTROL);	/* Voice Control Register = voice stop */
+		snd_gf1_ctrl_stop(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_CONTROL);	/* Volume Ramp Control Register = ramp off */
+		if (gus->gf1.enh_mode)
+			snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_MODE, gus->gf1.memory ? 0x02 : 0x82);	/* Deactivate voice */
+		w_16 = snd_gf1_read8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_ADDRESS_CONTROL) & 0x04;
+		snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VW_FREQUENCY, 0x400);
+		snd_gf1_write_addr(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VA_START, daddr, w_16);
+		snd_gf1_write_addr(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VA_END, daddr, w_16);
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_START, 0);
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_END, 0);
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_RATE, 0);
+		snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VW_VOLUME, 0);
+		snd_gf1_write_addr(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VA_CURRENT, daddr, w_16);
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_PAN, 7);
+		if (gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
+			snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_ACCUMULATOR, 0);
+			snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VW_EFFECT_VOLUME, 0);
+			snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VW_EFFECT_VOLUME_FINAL, 0);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_stop_voices(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned short v_min, unsigned short v_max)
+{
+	short i, ramp_ok;
+	unsigned short ramp_end;
+
+	if (!in_interrupt()) {	/* this can't be done in interrupt */
+		for (i = v_min, ramp_ok = 0; i <= v_max; i++) {
+			guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+			snd_gf1_select_voice(gus, i);
+			ramp_end = snd_gf1_read16(gus, 9) >> 8;
+			if (ramp_end > SNDRV_GF1_MIN_OFFSET) {
+				ramp_ok++;
+				snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_RATE, 20);	/* ramp rate */
+				snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_START, SNDRV_GF1_MIN_OFFSET);	/* ramp start */
+				snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_END, ramp_end);	/* ramp end */
+				snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_CONTROL, 0x40);	/* ramp down */
+				if (gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
+					snd_gf1_delay(gus);
+					snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_VB_VOLUME_CONTROL, 0x40);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		msleep_interruptible(50);
+	}
+	snd_gf1_clear_voices(gus, v_min, v_max);
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_alloc_voice_use(struct snd_gus_card * gus, 
+				    struct snd_gus_voice * pvoice,
+				    int type, int client, int port)
+{
+	pvoice->use = 1;
+	switch (type) {
+	case SNDRV_GF1_VOICE_TYPE_PCM:
+		gus->gf1.pcm_alloc_voices++;
+		pvoice->pcm = 1;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_GF1_VOICE_TYPE_SYNTH:
+		pvoice->synth = 1;
+		pvoice->client = client;
+		pvoice->port = port;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_GF1_VOICE_TYPE_MIDI:
+		pvoice->midi = 1;
+		pvoice->client = client;
+		pvoice->port = port;
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+struct snd_gus_voice *snd_gf1_alloc_voice(struct snd_gus_card * gus, int type, int client, int port)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_voice *pvoice;
+	int idx;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->voice_alloc);
+	if (type == SNDRV_GF1_VOICE_TYPE_PCM) {
+		if (gus->gf1.pcm_alloc_voices >= gus->gf1.pcm_channels)
+			return NULL;
+	}
+	for (idx = 0; idx < 32; idx++) {
+		pvoice = &gus->gf1.voices[idx];
+		if (!pvoice->use) {
+			snd_gf1_alloc_voice_use(gus, pvoice, type, client, port);
+			return pvoice;
+		}
+	} 
+	for (idx = 0; idx < 32; idx++) {
+		pvoice = &gus->gf1.voices[idx];
+		if (pvoice->midi && !pvoice->client) {
+			snd_gf1_clear_voices(gus, pvoice->number, pvoice->number);
+			snd_gf1_alloc_voice_use(gus, pvoice, type, client, port);
+			return pvoice;
+		}
+	} 
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_free_voice(struct snd_gus_card * gus, struct snd_gus_voice *voice)
+{
+	void (*private_free)(struct snd_gus_voice *voice);
+
+	if (voice == NULL || !voice->use)
+		return;
+	snd_gf1_set_default_handlers(gus, SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_VOICE | voice->number);
+	snd_gf1_clear_voices(gus, voice->number, voice->number);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->voice_alloc) {
+		private_free = voice->private_free;
+		voice->private_free = NULL;
+		voice->private_data = NULL;
+		if (voice->pcm)
+			gus->gf1.pcm_alloc_voices--;
+		voice->use = voice->pcm = 0;
+		voice->sample_ops = NULL;
+	}
+	if (private_free)
+		private_free(voice);
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_init_software_state(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	snd_gf1_set_default_handlers(gus, SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_ALL);
+	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
+		gus->gf1.voices[i].number = i;
+		snd_gf1_set_default_handlers(gus, SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_VOICE | i);
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_hw_start(struct snd_gus_card *gus, bool initial)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 0);	/* reset GF1 */
+	udelay(160);
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 1);	/* disable IRQ & DAC */
+	udelay(160);
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_JOYSTICK_DAC_LEVEL, gus->joystick_dac);
+
+	if (initial) {
+		snd_gf1_init_software_state(gus);
+		snd_gf1_uart_cmd(gus, 0x03);
+	} else {
+		guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->uart_cmd_lock);
+		outb(0x03, GUSP(gus, MIDICTRL));
+	}
+
+	if (gus->gf1.enh_mode) {	/* enhanced mode !!!! */
+		snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_GLOBAL_MODE, snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_GLOBAL_MODE) | 0x01);
+		snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_MEMORY_CONTROL, 0x01);
+	}
+	snd_gf1_clear_regs(gus);
+	snd_gf1_select_active_voices(gus);
+	snd_gf1_delay(gus);
+	gus->gf1.default_voice_address = gus->gf1.memory > 0 ? 0 : 512 - 8;
+	gus->gf1.hw_lfo = 0;
+	gus->gf1.sw_lfo = 0;
+	/* initialize LFOs & clear LFOs memory */
+	if (gus->gf1.enh_mode && gus->gf1.memory) {
+		gus->gf1.hw_lfo = 1;
+		gus->gf1.default_voice_address += 1024;
+	} else {
+		gus->gf1.sw_lfo = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (gus->gf1.memory > 0)
+		for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+			snd_gf1_poke(gus, gus->gf1.default_voice_address + i, 0);
+	snd_gf1_clear_regs(gus);
+	snd_gf1_clear_voices(gus, 0, 31);
+	snd_gf1_look_regs(gus);
+	udelay(160);
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 7);	/* Reset Register = IRQ enable, DAC enable */
+	udelay(160);
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 7);	/* Reset Register = IRQ enable, DAC enable */
+	if (gus->gf1.enh_mode) {	/* enhanced mode !!!! */
+		snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_GLOBAL_MODE, snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_GLOBAL_MODE) | 0x01);
+		snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_MEMORY_CONTROL, 0x01);
+	}
+	while ((snd_gf1_i_read8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_VOICES_IRQ) & 0xc0) != 0xc0);
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->reg_lock) {
+		outb(gus->gf1.active_voice = 0, GUSP(gus, GF1PAGE));
+		outb(gus->mix_cntrl_reg, GUSP(gus, MIXCNTRLREG));
+	}
+}
+
+int snd_gf1_start(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Probe-time startup initializes both GF1 hardware and the
+	 * software state that suspend/resume keeps across PM cycles.
+	 */
+	snd_gf1_hw_start(gus, true);
+	snd_gf1_timers_init(gus);
+	snd_gf1_look_regs(gus);
+	snd_gf1_mem_init(gus);
+	snd_gf1_mem_proc_init(gus);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+	snd_gus_irq_profile_init(gus);
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+	if (gus->pnp_flag) {
+		if (gus->chip.playback_fifo_size > 0)
+			snd_gf1_i_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_FIFO_RECORD_BASE_ADDR, gus->chip.playback_fifo_block->ptr >> 8);
+		if (gus->chip.record_fifo_size > 0)
+			snd_gf1_i_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_FIFO_PLAY_BASE_ADDR, gus->chip.record_fifo_block->ptr >> 8);
+		snd_gf1_i_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_FIFO_SIZE, gus->chip.interwave_fifo_reg);
+	}
+#endif
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call this function only by shutdown of driver
+ */
+
+int snd_gf1_stop(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_SOUND_BLASTER_CONTROL, 0); /* stop all timers */
+	snd_gf1_stop_voices(gus, 0, 31);		/* stop all voices */
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 1);	/* disable IRQ & DAC */
+	snd_gf1_timers_done(gus);
+	snd_gf1_mem_done(gus);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_gf1_suspend(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	snd_gf1_dma_suspend(gus);
+	snd_gf1_uart_suspend(gus);
+
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_SOUND_BLASTER_CONTROL, 0);
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_REC_DMA_CONTROL, 0);
+	snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_REC_DMA_CONTROL);
+	snd_gf1_stop_voices(gus, 0, 31);
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 1);
+	snd_dma_disable(gus->gf1.dma2);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_gf1_resume(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	snd_gf1_hw_start(gus, false);
+	snd_gf1_timers_resume(gus);
+	snd_gf1_uart_resume(gus);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_tables.h b/sound/isa/gus/gus_tables.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ea0f007fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_tables.h
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#define SNDRV_GF1_SCALE_TABLE_SIZE	128
+#define SNDRV_GF1_ATTEN_TABLE_SIZE	128
+
+#ifdef __GUS_TABLES_ALLOC__
+
+#if 0
+
+unsigned int snd_gf1_scale_table[SNDRV_GF1_SCALE_TABLE_SIZE] =
+{
+      8372,      8870,      9397,      9956,     10548,     11175,
+     11840,     12544,     13290,     14080,     14917,     15804,
+     16744,     17740,     18795,     19912,     21096,     22351,
+     23680,     25088,     26580,     28160,     29834,     31609,
+     33488,     35479,     37589,     39824,     42192,     44701,
+     47359,     50175,     53159,     56320,     59669,     63217,
+     66976,     70959,     75178,     79649,     84385,     89402,
+     94719,    100351,    106318,    112640,    119338,    126434,
+    133952,    141918,    150356,    159297,    168769,    178805,
+    189437,    200702,    212636,    225280,    238676,    252868,
+    267905,    283835,    300713,    318594,    337539,    357610,
+    378874,    401403,    425272,    450560,    477352,    505737,
+    535809,    567670,    601425,    637188,    675077,    715219,
+    757749,    802807,    850544,    901120,    954703,   1011473,
+   1071618,   1135340,   1202851,   1274376,   1350154,   1430439,
+   1515497,   1605613,   1701088,   1802240,   1909407,   2022946,
+   2143237,   2270680,   2405702,   2548752,   2700309,   2860878,
+   3030994,   3211227,   3402176,   3604480,   3818814,   4045892,
+   4286473,   4541360,   4811404,   5097505,   5400618,   5721755,
+   6061989,   6422453,   6804352,   7208960,   7637627,   8091784,
+   8572947,   9082720,   9622807,  10195009,  10801236,  11443511,
+  12123977,  12844906
+};
+
+#endif  /*  0  */
+
+unsigned short snd_gf1_atten_table[SNDRV_GF1_ATTEN_TABLE_SIZE] = {
+  4095 /* 0   */,1789 /* 1   */,1533 /* 2   */,1383 /* 3   */,1277 /* 4   */,
+  1195 /* 5   */,1127 /* 6   */,1070 /* 7   */,1021 /* 8   */,978  /* 9   */,
+  939  /* 10  */,903  /* 11  */,871  /* 12  */,842  /* 13  */,814  /* 14  */,
+  789  /* 15  */,765  /* 16  */,743  /* 17  */,722  /* 18  */,702  /* 19  */,
+  683  /* 20  */,665  /* 21  */,647  /* 22  */,631  /* 23  */,615  /* 24  */,
+  600  /* 25  */,586  /* 26  */,572  /* 27  */,558  /* 28  */,545  /* 29  */,
+  533  /* 30  */,521  /* 31  */,509  /* 32  */,498  /* 33  */,487  /* 34  */,
+  476  /* 35  */,466  /* 36  */,455  /* 37  */,446  /* 38  */,436  /* 39  */,
+  427  /* 40  */,418  /* 41  */,409  /* 42  */,400  /* 43  */,391  /* 44  */,
+  383  /* 45  */,375  /* 46  */,367  /* 47  */,359  /* 48  */,352  /* 49  */,
+  344  /* 50  */,337  /* 51  */,330  /* 52  */,323  /* 53  */,316  /* 54  */,
+  309  /* 55  */,302  /* 56  */,296  /* 57  */,289  /* 58  */,283  /* 59  */,
+  277  /* 60  */,271  /* 61  */,265  /* 62  */,259  /* 63  */,253  /* 64  */,
+  247  /* 65  */,242  /* 66  */,236  /* 67  */,231  /* 68  */,225  /* 69  */,
+  220  /* 70  */,215  /* 71  */,210  /* 72  */,205  /* 73  */,199  /* 74  */,
+  195  /* 75  */,190  /* 76  */,185  /* 77  */,180  /* 78  */,175  /* 79  */,
+  171  /* 80  */,166  /* 81  */,162  /* 82  */,157  /* 83  */,153  /* 84  */,
+  148  /* 85  */,144  /* 86  */,140  /* 87  */,135  /* 88  */,131  /* 89  */,
+  127  /* 90  */,123  /* 91  */,119  /* 92  */,115  /* 93  */,111  /* 94  */,
+  107  /* 95  */,103  /* 96  */,100  /* 97  */,96   /* 98  */,92   /* 99  */,
+  88   /* 100 */,85   /* 101 */,81   /* 102 */,77   /* 103 */,74   /* 104 */,
+  70   /* 105 */,67   /* 106 */,63   /* 107 */,60   /* 108 */,56   /* 109 */,
+  53   /* 110 */,50   /* 111 */,46   /* 112 */,43   /* 113 */,40   /* 114 */,
+  37   /* 115 */,33   /* 116 */,30   /* 117 */,27   /* 118 */,24   /* 119 */,
+  21   /* 120 */,18   /* 121 */,15   /* 122 */,12   /* 123 */,9    /* 124 */,
+  6    /* 125 */,3    /* 126 */,0    /* 127 */,
+};
+
+#else
+
+extern unsigned int snd_gf1_scale_table[SNDRV_GF1_SCALE_TABLE_SIZE];
+extern unsigned short snd_gf1_atten_table[SNDRV_GF1_ATTEN_TABLE_SIZE];
+
+#endif
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_timer.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_timer.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..14dcde138
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_timer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Routines for Gravis UltraSound soundcards - Timers
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *
+ *  GUS have similar timers as AdLib (OPL2/OPL3 chips).
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+
+/*
+ *  Timer 1 - 80us
+ */
+
+static int snd_gf1_timer1_start(struct snd_timer * timer)
+{
+	unsigned char tmp;
+	unsigned int ticks;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+
+	gus = snd_timer_chip(timer);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	ticks = timer->sticks;
+	tmp = (gus->gf1.timer_enabled |= 4);
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_ADLIB_TIMER_1, 256 - ticks);	/* timer 1 count */
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_SOUND_BLASTER_CONTROL, tmp);	/* enable timer 1 IRQ */
+	snd_gf1_adlib_write(gus, 0x04, tmp >> 2);	/* timer 2 start */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_timer1_stop(struct snd_timer * timer)
+{
+	unsigned char tmp;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+
+	gus = snd_timer_chip(timer);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	tmp = (gus->gf1.timer_enabled &= ~4);
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_SOUND_BLASTER_CONTROL, tmp);	/* disable timer #1 */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Timer 2 - 320us
+ */
+
+static int snd_gf1_timer2_start(struct snd_timer * timer)
+{
+	unsigned char tmp;
+	unsigned int ticks;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+
+	gus = snd_timer_chip(timer);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	ticks = timer->sticks;
+	tmp = (gus->gf1.timer_enabled |= 8);
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_ADLIB_TIMER_2, 256 - ticks);	/* timer 2 count */
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_SOUND_BLASTER_CONTROL, tmp);	/* enable timer 2 IRQ */
+	snd_gf1_adlib_write(gus, 0x04, tmp >> 2);	/* timer 2 start */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_timer2_stop(struct snd_timer * timer)
+{
+	unsigned char tmp;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+
+	gus = snd_timer_chip(timer);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->reg_lock);
+	tmp = (gus->gf1.timer_enabled &= ~8);
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_SOUND_BLASTER_CONTROL, tmp);	/* disable timer #1 */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+
+ */
+
+static void snd_gf1_interrupt_timer1(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	struct snd_timer *timer = gus->gf1.timer1;
+
+	if (timer == NULL)
+		return;
+	snd_timer_interrupt(timer, timer->sticks);
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_interrupt_timer2(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	struct snd_timer *timer = gus->gf1.timer2;
+
+	if (timer == NULL)
+		return;
+	snd_timer_interrupt(timer, timer->sticks);
+}
+
+/*
+
+ */
+
+static const struct snd_timer_hardware snd_gf1_timer1 =
+{
+	.flags =	SNDRV_TIMER_HW_STOP,
+	.resolution =	80000,
+	.ticks =	256,
+	.start =	snd_gf1_timer1_start,
+	.stop =		snd_gf1_timer1_stop,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_timer_hardware snd_gf1_timer2 =
+{
+	.flags =	SNDRV_TIMER_HW_STOP,
+	.resolution =	320000,
+	.ticks =	256,
+	.start =	snd_gf1_timer2_start,
+	.stop =		snd_gf1_timer2_stop,
+};
+
+static void snd_gf1_timer1_free(struct snd_timer *timer)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = timer->private_data;
+	gus->gf1.timer1 = NULL;
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_timer2_free(struct snd_timer *timer)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = timer->private_data;
+	gus->gf1.timer2 = NULL;
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_timers_init(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	struct snd_timer *timer;
+	struct snd_timer_id tid;
+
+	if (gus->gf1.timer1 != NULL || gus->gf1.timer2 != NULL)
+		return;
+
+	gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_timer1 = snd_gf1_interrupt_timer1;
+	gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_timer2 = snd_gf1_interrupt_timer2;
+
+	tid.dev_class = SNDRV_TIMER_CLASS_CARD;
+	tid.dev_sclass = SNDRV_TIMER_SCLASS_NONE;
+	tid.card = gus->card->number;
+	tid.device = gus->timer_dev;
+	tid.subdevice = 0;
+
+	if (snd_timer_new(gus->card, "GF1 timer", &tid, &timer) >= 0) {
+		strscpy(timer->name, "GF1 timer #1");
+		timer->private_data = gus;
+		timer->private_free = snd_gf1_timer1_free;
+		timer->hw = snd_gf1_timer1;
+	}
+	gus->gf1.timer1 = timer;
+
+	tid.device++;
+
+	if (snd_timer_new(gus->card, "GF1 timer", &tid, &timer) >= 0) {
+		strscpy(timer->name, "GF1 timer #2");
+		timer->private_data = gus;
+		timer->private_free = snd_gf1_timer2_free;
+		timer->hw = snd_gf1_timer2;
+	}
+	gus->gf1.timer2 = timer;
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_timers_done(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	snd_gf1_set_default_handlers(gus, SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_TIMER1 | SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_TIMER2);
+	if (gus->gf1.timer1) {
+		snd_device_free(gus->card, gus->gf1.timer1);
+		gus->gf1.timer1 = NULL;
+	}
+	if (gus->gf1.timer2) {
+		snd_device_free(gus->card, gus->gf1.timer2);
+		gus->gf1.timer2 = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_timers_resume(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	if (gus->gf1.timer1) {
+		gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_timer1 = snd_gf1_interrupt_timer1;
+		if (gus->gf1.timer_enabled & 4)
+			snd_gf1_timer1_start(gus->gf1.timer1);
+	}
+	if (gus->gf1.timer2) {
+		gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_timer2 = snd_gf1_interrupt_timer2;
+		if (gus->gf1.timer_enabled & 8)
+			snd_gf1_timer2_start(gus->gf1.timer2);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_uart.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_uart.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..25057a5a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_uart.c
@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Routines for the GF1 MIDI interface - like UART 6850
+ */
+
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+
+static void snd_gf1_interrupt_midi_in(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	int count;
+	unsigned char stat, byte;
+	__always_unused unsigned char data;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	count = 10;
+	while (count) {
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&gus->uart_cmd_lock, flags);
+		stat = snd_gf1_uart_stat(gus);
+		if (!(stat & 0x01)) {	/* data in Rx FIFO? */
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&gus->uart_cmd_lock, flags);
+			count--;
+			continue;
+		}
+		count = 100;	/* arm counter to new value */
+		data = snd_gf1_uart_get(gus);
+		if (!(gus->gf1.uart_cmd & 0x80)) {
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&gus->uart_cmd_lock, flags);
+			continue;
+		}			
+		if (stat & 0x10) {	/* framing error */
+			gus->gf1.uart_framing++;
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&gus->uart_cmd_lock, flags);
+			continue;
+		}
+		byte = snd_gf1_uart_get(gus);
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&gus->uart_cmd_lock, flags);
+		snd_rawmidi_receive(gus->midi_substream_input, &byte, 1);
+		if (stat & 0x20) {
+			gus->gf1.uart_overrun++;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_interrupt_midi_out(struct snd_gus_card * gus)
+{
+	char byte;
+
+	/* try unlock output */
+	if (snd_gf1_uart_stat(gus) & 0x01)
+		snd_gf1_interrupt_midi_in(gus);
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->uart_cmd_lock);
+	if (snd_gf1_uart_stat(gus) & 0x02) {	/* Tx FIFO free? */
+		if (snd_rawmidi_transmit(gus->midi_substream_output, &byte, 1) != 1) {	/* no other bytes or error */
+			snd_gf1_uart_cmd(gus, gus->gf1.uart_cmd & ~0x20); /* disable Tx interrupt */
+		} else {
+			snd_gf1_uart_put(gus, byte);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_uart_reset(struct snd_gus_card * gus, int close)
+{
+	snd_gf1_uart_cmd(gus, 0x03);	/* reset */
+	if (!close && gus->uart_enable) {
+		udelay(160);
+		snd_gf1_uart_cmd(gus, 0x00);	/* normal operations */
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_uart_output_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+
+	gus = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->uart_cmd_lock);
+	if (!(gus->gf1.uart_cmd & 0x80)) {	/* input active? */
+		snd_gf1_uart_reset(gus, 0);
+	}
+	gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_midi_out = snd_gf1_interrupt_midi_out;
+	gus->midi_substream_output = substream;
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+		"write init - cmd = 0x%x, stat = 0x%x\n",
+		gus->gf1.uart_cmd, snd_gf1_uart_stat(gus));
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_uart_input_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+	int i;
+
+	gus = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->uart_cmd_lock);
+	if (gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_midi_out != snd_gf1_interrupt_midi_out) {
+		snd_gf1_uart_reset(gus, 0);
+	}
+	gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_midi_in = snd_gf1_interrupt_midi_in;
+	gus->midi_substream_input = substream;
+	if (gus->uart_enable) {
+		for (i = 0; i < 1000 && (snd_gf1_uart_stat(gus) & 0x01); i++)
+			snd_gf1_uart_get(gus);	/* clean Rx */
+		if (i >= 1000)
+			dev_err(gus->card->dev, "gus midi uart init read - cleanup error\n");
+	}
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+		"read init - enable = %i, cmd = 0x%x, stat = 0x%x\n",
+		gus->uart_enable, gus->gf1.uart_cmd, snd_gf1_uart_stat(gus));
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+		"[0x%x] reg (ctrl/status) = 0x%x, reg (data) = 0x%x (page = 0x%x)\n",
+		gus->gf1.port + 0x100, inb(gus->gf1.port + 0x100),
+		inb(gus->gf1.port + 0x101), inb(gus->gf1.port + 0x102));
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_uart_output_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+
+	gus = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->uart_cmd_lock);
+	if (gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_midi_in != snd_gf1_interrupt_midi_in)
+		snd_gf1_uart_reset(gus, 1);
+	snd_gf1_set_default_handlers(gus, SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_MIDI_OUT);
+	gus->midi_substream_output = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gf1_uart_input_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+
+	gus = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->uart_cmd_lock);
+	if (gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_midi_out != snd_gf1_interrupt_midi_out)
+		snd_gf1_uart_reset(gus, 1);
+	snd_gf1_set_default_handlers(gus, SNDRV_GF1_HANDLER_MIDI_IN);
+	gus->midi_substream_input = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_uart_input_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
+{
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+
+	gus = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->uart_cmd_lock);
+	if (up) {
+		if ((gus->gf1.uart_cmd & 0x80) == 0)
+			snd_gf1_uart_cmd(gus, gus->gf1.uart_cmd | 0x80); /* enable Rx interrupts */
+	} else {
+		if (gus->gf1.uart_cmd & 0x80)
+			snd_gf1_uart_cmd(gus, gus->gf1.uart_cmd & ~0x80); /* disable Rx interrupts */
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_gf1_uart_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+	char byte;
+	int timeout;
+
+	gus = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&gus->uart_cmd_lock, flags);
+	if (up) {
+		if ((gus->gf1.uart_cmd & 0x20) == 0) {
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&gus->uart_cmd_lock, flags);
+			/* wait for empty Rx - Tx is probably unlocked */
+			timeout = 10000;
+			while (timeout-- > 0 && snd_gf1_uart_stat(gus) & 0x01);
+			/* Tx FIFO free? */
+			spin_lock_irqsave(&gus->uart_cmd_lock, flags);
+			if (gus->gf1.uart_cmd & 0x20) {
+				spin_unlock_irqrestore(&gus->uart_cmd_lock, flags);
+				return;
+			}
+			if (snd_gf1_uart_stat(gus) & 0x02) {
+				if (snd_rawmidi_transmit(substream, &byte, 1) != 1) {
+					spin_unlock_irqrestore(&gus->uart_cmd_lock, flags);
+					return;
+				}
+				snd_gf1_uart_put(gus, byte);
+			}
+			snd_gf1_uart_cmd(gus, gus->gf1.uart_cmd | 0x20);	/* enable Tx interrupt */
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (gus->gf1.uart_cmd & 0x20)
+			snd_gf1_uart_cmd(gus, gus->gf1.uart_cmd & ~0x20);
+	}
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&gus->uart_cmd_lock, flags);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_gf1_uart_output =
+{
+	.open =		snd_gf1_uart_output_open,
+	.close =	snd_gf1_uart_output_close,
+	.trigger =	snd_gf1_uart_output_trigger,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_gf1_uart_input =
+{
+	.open =		snd_gf1_uart_input_open,
+	.close =	snd_gf1_uart_input_close,
+	.trigger =	snd_gf1_uart_input_trigger,
+};
+
+int snd_gf1_rawmidi_new(struct snd_gus_card *gus, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_rawmidi_new(gus->card, "GF1", device, 1, 1, &rmidi);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	strscpy(rmidi->name, gus->interwave ? "AMD InterWave" : "GF1");
+	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT, &snd_gf1_uart_output);
+	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT, &snd_gf1_uart_input);
+	rmidi->info_flags |= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_OUTPUT | SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_INPUT | SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_DUPLEX;
+	rmidi->private_data = gus;
+	gus->midi_uart = rmidi;
+	return err;
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_uart_suspend(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->uart_cmd_lock);
+	outb(0x03, GUSP(gus, MIDICTRL));
+}
+
+void snd_gf1_uart_resume(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	unsigned short uart_cmd;
+	bool active;
+	int i;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->uart_cmd_lock) {
+		active = gus->midi_substream_input || gus->midi_substream_output;
+	}
+	if (!active)
+		return;
+
+	/* snd_gf1_hw_start() already left MIDICTRL in reset. */
+	usleep_range(160, 200);
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&gus->uart_cmd_lock);
+	if (!gus->midi_substream_input && !gus->midi_substream_output)
+		return;
+
+	if (gus->midi_substream_output)
+		gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_midi_out = snd_gf1_interrupt_midi_out;
+	if (gus->midi_substream_input)
+		gus->gf1.interrupt_handler_midi_in = snd_gf1_interrupt_midi_in;
+
+	if (!gus->uart_enable)
+		return;
+
+	uart_cmd = gus->gf1.uart_cmd;
+	snd_gf1_uart_cmd(gus, 0x00);
+
+	if (gus->midi_substream_input) {
+		for (i = 0; i < 1000 && (snd_gf1_uart_stat(gus) & 0x01); i++)
+			snd_gf1_uart_get(gus);
+		if (i >= 1000)
+			dev_err(gus->card->dev,
+				"gus midi uart resume - cleanup error\n");
+	}
+
+	snd_gf1_uart_cmd(gus, uart_cmd);
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gus_volume.c b/sound/isa/gus/gus_volume.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e72962175
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gus_volume.c
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/export.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+#define __GUS_TABLES_ALLOC__
+#include "gus_tables.h"
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_gf1_atten_table); /* for snd-gus-synth module */
+
+unsigned short snd_gf1_lvol_to_gvol_raw(unsigned int vol)
+{
+	unsigned short e, m, tmp;
+
+	if (vol > 65535)
+		vol = 65535;
+	tmp = vol;
+	e = 7;
+	if (tmp < 128) {
+		while (e > 0 && tmp < (1 << e))
+			e--;
+	} else {
+		while (tmp > 255) {
+			tmp >>= 1;
+			e++;
+		}
+	}
+	m = vol - (1 << e);
+	if (m > 0) {
+		if (e > 8)
+			m >>= e - 8;
+		else if (e < 8)
+			m <<= 8 - e;
+		m &= 255;
+	}
+	return (e << 8) | m;
+}
+
+#if 0
+
+unsigned int snd_gf1_gvol_to_lvol_raw(unsigned short gf1_vol)
+{
+	unsigned int rvol;
+	unsigned short e, m;
+
+	if (!gf1_vol)
+		return 0;
+	e = gf1_vol >> 8;
+	m = (unsigned char) gf1_vol;
+	rvol = 1 << e;
+	if (e > 8)
+		return rvol | (m << (e - 8));
+	return rvol | (m >> (8 - e));
+}
+
+unsigned int snd_gf1_calc_ramp_rate(struct snd_gus_card * gus,
+				    unsigned short start,
+				    unsigned short end,
+				    unsigned int us)
+{
+	static const unsigned char vol_rates[19] =
+	{
+		23, 24, 26, 28, 29, 31, 32, 34,
+		36, 37, 39, 40, 42, 44, 45, 47,
+		49, 50, 52
+	};
+	unsigned short range, increment, value, i;
+
+	start >>= 4;
+	end >>= 4;
+	if (start < end)
+		us /= end - start;
+	else
+		us /= start - end;
+	range = 4;
+	value = gus->gf1.enh_mode ?
+	    vol_rates[0] :
+	    vol_rates[gus->gf1.active_voices - 14];
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+		if (us < value) {
+			range = i;
+			break;
+		} else
+			value <<= 3;
+	}
+	if (range == 4) {
+		range = 3;
+		increment = 1;
+	} else
+		increment = (value + (value >> 1)) / us;
+	return (range << 6) | (increment & 0x3f);
+}
+
+#endif  /*  0  */
+
+unsigned short snd_gf1_translate_freq(struct snd_gus_card * gus, unsigned int freq16)
+{
+	freq16 >>= 3;
+	if (freq16 < 50)
+		freq16 = 50;
+	if (freq16 & 0xf8000000) {
+		freq16 = ~0xf8000000;
+		dev_err(gus->card->dev, "%s: overflow - freq = 0x%x\n",
+			__func__, freq16);
+	}
+	return ((freq16 << 9) + (gus->gf1.playback_freq >> 1)) / gus->gf1.playback_freq;
+}
+
+#if 0
+
+short snd_gf1_compute_vibrato(short cents, unsigned short fc_register)
+{
+	static const short vibrato_table[] =
+	{
+		0, 0, 32, 592, 61, 1175, 93, 1808,
+		124, 2433, 152, 3007, 182, 3632, 213, 4290,
+		241, 4834, 255, 5200
+	};
+
+	long depth;
+	const short *vi1, *vi2;
+	short pcents, v1;
+
+	pcents = cents < 0 ? -cents : cents;
+	for (vi1 = vibrato_table, vi2 = vi1 + 2; pcents > *vi2; vi1 = vi2, vi2 += 2);
+	v1 = *(vi1 + 1);
+	/* The FC table above is a list of pairs. The first number in the pair     */
+	/* is the cents index from 0-255 cents, and the second number in the       */
+	/* pair is the FC adjustment needed to change the pitch by the indexed     */
+	/* number of cents. The table was created for an FC of 32768.              */
+	/* The following expression does a linear interpolation against the        */
+	/* approximated log curve in the table above, and then scales the number   */
+	/* by the FC before the LFO. This calculation also adjusts the output      */
+	/* value to produce the appropriate depth for the hardware. The depth      */
+	/* is 2 * desired FC + 1.                                                  */
+	depth = (((int) (*(vi2 + 1) - *vi1) * (pcents - *vi1) / (*vi2 - *vi1)) + v1) * fc_register >> 14;
+	if (depth)
+		depth++;
+	if (depth > 255)
+		depth = 255;
+	return cents < 0 ? -(short) depth : (short) depth;
+}
+
+unsigned short snd_gf1_compute_pitchbend(unsigned short pitchbend, unsigned short sens)
+{
+	static const long log_table[] = {1024, 1085, 1149, 1218, 1290, 1367, 1448, 1534, 1625, 1722, 1825, 1933};
+	int wheel, sensitivity;
+	unsigned int mantissa, f1, f2;
+	unsigned short semitones, f1_index, f2_index, f1_power, f2_power;
+	char bend_down = 0;
+	int bend;
+
+	if (!sens)
+		return 1024;
+	wheel = (int) pitchbend - 8192;
+	sensitivity = ((int) sens * wheel) / 128;
+	if (sensitivity < 0) {
+		bend_down = 1;
+		sensitivity = -sensitivity;
+	}
+	semitones = (unsigned int) (sensitivity >> 13);
+	mantissa = sensitivity % 8192;
+	f1_index = semitones % 12;
+	f2_index = (semitones + 1) % 12;
+	f1_power = semitones / 12;
+	f2_power = (semitones + 1) / 12;
+	f1 = log_table[f1_index] << f1_power;
+	f2 = log_table[f2_index] << f2_power;
+	bend = (int) ((((f2 - f1) * mantissa) >> 13) + f1);
+	if (bend_down)
+		bend = 1048576L / bend;
+	return bend;
+}
+
+unsigned short snd_gf1_compute_freq(unsigned int freq,
+				    unsigned int rate,
+				    unsigned short mix_rate)
+{
+	unsigned int fc;
+	int scale = 0;
+
+	while (freq >= 4194304L) {
+		scale++;
+		freq >>= 1;
+	}
+	fc = (freq << 10) / rate;
+	if (fc > 97391L) {
+		fc = 97391;
+		pr_err("patch: (1) fc frequency overflow - %u\n", fc);
+	}
+	fc = (fc * 44100UL) / mix_rate;
+	while (scale--)
+		fc <<= 1;
+	if (fc > 65535L) {
+		fc = 65535;
+		pr_err("patch: (2) fc frequency overflow - %u\n", fc);
+	}
+	return (unsigned short) fc;
+}
+
+#endif  /*  0  */
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gusclassic.c b/sound/isa/gus/gusclassic.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..363c819ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gusclassic.c
@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Driver for Gravis UltraSound Classic soundcard
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IRQ
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_DMA
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+#define CRD_NAME "Gravis UltraSound Classic"
+#define DEV_NAME "gusclassic"
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION(CRD_NAME);
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;	/* Enable this card */
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260 */
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 3,5,9,11,12,15 */
+static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 1,3,5,6,7 */
+static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 1,3,5,6,7 */
+static int joystick_dac[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 29};
+				/* 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V) */
+static int channels[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 24};
+static int pcm_channels[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 2};
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma1, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "DMA1 # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma2, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "DMA2 # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_array(joystick_dac, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(joystick_dac, "Joystick DAC level 0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_array(channels, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(channels, "GF1 channels for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_array(pcm_channels, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(pcm_channels, "Reserved PCM channels for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+
+static int snd_gusclassic_match(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	return enable[n];
+}
+
+static int snd_gusclassic_create(struct snd_card *card,
+				 struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+				 struct snd_gus_card **rgus)
+{
+	static const long possible_ports[] = {0x220, 0x230, 0x240, 0x250, 0x260};
+	static const int possible_irqs[] = {5, 11, 12, 9, 7, 15, 3, 4, -1};
+	static const int possible_dmas[] = {5, 6, 7, 1, 3, -1};
+
+	int i, error;
+
+	if (irq[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		irq[n] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (irq[n] < 0) {
+			dev_err(dev, "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma1[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma1[n] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (dma1[n] < 0) {
+			dev_err(dev, "unable to find a free DMA1\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma2[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma2[n] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (dma2[n] < 0) {
+			dev_err(dev, "unable to find a free DMA2\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (port[n] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		return snd_gus_create(card, port[n], irq[n], dma1[n], dma2[n],
+				0, channels[n], pcm_channels[n], 0, rgus);
+
+	i = 0;
+	do {
+		port[n] = possible_ports[i];
+		error = snd_gus_create(card, port[n], irq[n], dma1[n], dma2[n],
+				0, channels[n], pcm_channels[n], 0, rgus);
+	} while (error < 0 && ++i < ARRAY_SIZE(possible_ports));
+
+	return error;
+}
+
+static int snd_gusclassic_detect(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	unsigned char d;
+
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 0);	/* reset GF1 */
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 0) {
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "[0x%lx] check 1 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	udelay(160);
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 1);	/* release reset */
+	udelay(160);
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 1) {
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "[0x%lx] check 2 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gusclassic_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+	int error;
+
+	error = snd_devm_card_new(dev, index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE, 0, &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	if (pcm_channels[n] < 2)
+		pcm_channels[n] = 2;
+
+	error = snd_gusclassic_create(card, dev, n, &gus);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	card->private_data = gus;
+
+	error = snd_gusclassic_detect(gus);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	gus->joystick_dac = joystick_dac[n];
+
+	error = snd_gus_initialize(gus);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = -ENODEV;
+	if (gus->max_flag || gus->ess_flag) {
+		dev_err(dev, "GUS Classic or ACE soundcard was "
+			"not detected at 0x%lx\n", gus->gf1.port);
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	error = snd_gf1_new_mixer(gus);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_gf1_pcm_new(gus, 0, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	if (!gus->ace_flag) {
+		error = snd_gf1_rawmidi_new(gus, 0);
+		if (error < 0)
+			return error;
+	}
+
+	sprintf(card->longname + strlen(card->longname),
+		" at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d",
+		gus->gf1.port, gus->gf1.irq, gus->gf1.dma1);
+
+	if (gus->gf1.dma2 >= 0)
+		sprintf(card->longname + strlen(card->longname),
+			"&%d", gus->gf1.dma2);
+
+	error = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(dev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_gusclassic_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+				  pm_message_t state)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+
+	return snd_gus_suspend(card->private_data);
+}
+
+static int snd_gusclassic_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+
+	return snd_gus_resume(card->private_data);
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_gusclassic_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_gusclassic_match,
+	.probe		= snd_gusclassic_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_gusclassic_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_gusclassic_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	}
+};
+
+module_isa_driver(snd_gusclassic_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gusextreme.c b/sound/isa/gus/gusextreme.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..098473174
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gusextreme.c
@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Driver for Gravis UltraSound Extreme soundcards
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+#include <sound/es1688.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_AUTO_PROBE
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IRQ
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_DMA
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+#define CRD_NAME "Gravis UltraSound Extreme"
+#define DEV_NAME "gusextreme"
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION(CRD_NAME);
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;	/* Enable this card */
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x220,0x240,0x260 */
+static long gf1_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS) - 1] = -1}; /* 0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270 */
+static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS) - 1] = -1}; /* 0x300,0x310,0x320 */
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5,7,9,10 */
+static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5,7,9,10 */
+static int gf1_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 2,3,5,9,11,12,15 */
+static int dma8[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0,1,3 */
+static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;
+static int joystick_dac[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 29};
+				/* 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V) */
+static int channels[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 24};
+static int pcm_channels[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 2};
+
+struct snd_gusextreme {
+	struct snd_es1688 es1688;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+};
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable " CRD_NAME " soundcard.");
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(gf1_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(gf1_port, "GF1 port # for " CRD_NAME " driver (optional).");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_port, "MPU-401 port # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_irq, "MPU-401 IRQ # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(gf1_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(gf1_irq, "GF1 IRQ # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma8, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma8, "8-bit DMA # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma1, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "GF1 DMA # for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_array(joystick_dac, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(joystick_dac, "Joystick DAC level 0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_array(channels, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(channels, "GF1 channels for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+module_param_array(pcm_channels, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(pcm_channels, "Reserved PCM channels for " CRD_NAME " driver.");
+
+static int snd_gusextreme_match(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	return enable[n];
+}
+
+static int snd_gusextreme_es1688_create(struct snd_card *card,
+					struct snd_es1688 *chip,
+					struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	static const long possible_ports[] = {0x220, 0x240, 0x260};
+	static const int possible_irqs[] = {5, 9, 10, 7, -1};
+	static const int possible_dmas[] = {1, 3, 0, -1};
+
+	int i, error;
+
+	if (irq[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		irq[n] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (irq[n] < 0) {
+			dev_err(dev, "unable to find a free IRQ for ES1688\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma8[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma8[n] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (dma8[n] < 0) {
+			dev_err(dev, "unable to find a free DMA for ES1688\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (port[n] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		return snd_es1688_create(card, chip, port[n], mpu_port[n],
+				irq[n], mpu_irq[n], dma8[n], ES1688_HW_1688);
+
+	i = 0;
+	do {
+		port[n] = possible_ports[i];
+		error = snd_es1688_create(card, chip, port[n], mpu_port[n],
+				irq[n], mpu_irq[n], dma8[n], ES1688_HW_1688);
+	} while (error < 0 && ++i < ARRAY_SIZE(possible_ports));
+
+	return error;
+}
+
+static int snd_gusextreme_gus_card_create(struct snd_card *card,
+					  struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+					  struct snd_gus_card **rgus)
+{
+	static const int possible_irqs[] = {11, 12, 15, 9, 5, 7, 3, -1};
+	static const int possible_dmas[] = {5, 6, 7, 3, 1, -1};
+
+	if (gf1_irq[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		gf1_irq[n] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (gf1_irq[n] < 0) {
+			dev_err(dev, "unable to find a free IRQ for GF1\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma1[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma1[n] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (dma1[n] < 0) {
+			dev_err(dev, "unable to find a free DMA for GF1\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	return snd_gus_create(card, gf1_port[n], gf1_irq[n], dma1[n], -1,
+			0, channels[n], pcm_channels[n], 0, rgus);
+}
+
+static void snd_gusextreme_enable_gf1(struct snd_gus_card *gus,
+				      struct snd_es1688 *es1688)
+{
+	/*
+	 * This is main stuff - enable access to GF1 chip...
+	 * I'm not sure, if this will work for card which have
+	 * ES1688 chip in another place than 0x220.
+	 *
+	 * I used reverse-engineering in DOSEMU. [--jk]
+	 *
+	 * ULTRINIT.EXE:
+	 * 0x230 = 0,2,3
+	 * 0x240 = 2,0,1
+	 * 0x250 = 2,0,3
+	 * 0x260 = 2,2,1
+	 */
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &es1688->mixer_lock) {
+		snd_es1688_mixer_write(es1688, 0x40, 0x0b); /* don't change!!! */
+	}
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &es1688->reg_lock) {
+		outb(gus->gf1.port & 0x040 ? 2 : 0, ES1688P(es1688, INIT1));
+		outb(0, 0x201);
+		outb(gus->gf1.port & 0x020 ? 2 : 0, ES1688P(es1688, INIT1));
+		outb(0, 0x201);
+		outb(gus->gf1.port & 0x010 ? 3 : 1, ES1688P(es1688, INIT1));
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_gusextreme_detect(struct snd_gus_card *gus,
+				 struct snd_es1688 *es1688)
+{
+	unsigned char d;
+
+	snd_gusextreme_enable_gf1(gus, es1688);
+	udelay(100);
+
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 0);	/* reset GF1 */
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 0) {
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "[0x%lx] check 1 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	udelay(160);
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 1);	/* release reset */
+	udelay(160);
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 1) {
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "[0x%lx] check 2 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gusextreme_mixer(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_id id1, id2;
+	int error;
+
+	memset(&id1, 0, sizeof(id1));
+	memset(&id2, 0, sizeof(id2));
+	id1.iface = id2.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+
+	/* reassign AUX to SYNTHESIZER */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
+	strscpy(id2.name, "Synth Playback Volume");
+	error = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	/* reassign Master Playback Switch to Synth Playback Switch */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Master Playback Switch");
+	strscpy(id2.name, "Synth Playback Switch");
+	error = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gusextreme_probe(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+	struct snd_gusextreme *gusextreme;
+	struct snd_es1688 *es1688;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+	int error;
+
+	error = snd_devm_card_new(dev, index[n], id[n], THIS_MODULE,
+				  sizeof(*gusextreme), &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	gusextreme = card->private_data;
+	es1688 = &gusextreme->es1688;
+
+	if (mpu_port[n] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		mpu_port[n] = 0;
+
+	if (mpu_irq[n] > 15)
+		mpu_irq[n] = -1;
+
+	error = snd_gusextreme_es1688_create(card, es1688, dev, n);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	if (gf1_port[n] < 0)
+		gf1_port[n] = es1688->port + 0x20;
+
+	error = snd_gusextreme_gus_card_create(card, dev, n, &gus);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	gusextreme->gus = gus;
+
+	error = snd_gusextreme_detect(gus, es1688);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	gus->joystick_dac = joystick_dac[n];
+
+	error = snd_gus_initialize(gus);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = -ENODEV;
+	if (!gus->ess_flag) {
+		dev_err(dev, "GUS Extreme soundcard was not "
+			"detected at 0x%lx\n", gus->gf1.port);
+		return error;
+	}
+	gus->codec_flag = 1;
+
+	error = snd_es1688_pcm(card, es1688, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_es1688_mixer(card, es1688);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	snd_component_add(card, "ES1688");
+
+	if (pcm_channels[n] > 0) {
+		error = snd_gf1_pcm_new(gus, 1, 1);
+		if (error < 0)
+			return error;
+	}
+
+	error = snd_gf1_new_mixer(gus);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_gusextreme_mixer(card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	if (snd_opl3_create(card, es1688->port, es1688->port + 2,
+			OPL3_HW_OPL3, 0, &opl3) < 0)
+		dev_warn(dev, "opl3 not detected at 0x%lx\n", es1688->port);
+	else {
+		error = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 2, NULL);
+		if (error < 0)
+			return error;
+	}
+
+	if (es1688->mpu_port >= 0x300) {
+		error = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_ES1688,
+				es1688->mpu_port, 0, mpu_irq[n], NULL);
+		if (error < 0)
+			return error;
+	}
+
+	sprintf(card->longname, "Gravis UltraSound Extreme at 0x%lx, "
+		"irq %i&%i, dma %i&%i", es1688->port,
+		gus->gf1.irq, es1688->irq, gus->gf1.dma1, es1688->dma8);
+
+	error = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(dev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_gusextreme_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+				  pm_message_t state)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct snd_gusextreme *gusextreme = card->private_data;
+
+	return snd_gus_suspend(gusextreme->gus);
+}
+
+static int snd_gusextreme_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct snd_gusextreme *gusextreme = card->private_data;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_es1688_reset(&gusextreme->es1688);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_gusextreme_enable_gf1(gusextreme->gus, &gusextreme->es1688);
+	usleep_range(100, 200);
+	return snd_gus_resume(gusextreme->gus);
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_gusextreme_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_gusextreme_match,
+	.probe		= snd_gusextreme_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_gusextreme_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_gusextreme_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	}
+};
+
+module_isa_driver(snd_gusextreme_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/gusmax.c b/sound/isa/gus/gusmax.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f1fd7ff21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/gusmax.c
@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Driver for Gravis UltraSound MAX soundcard
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IRQ
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_DMA
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Gravis UltraSound MAX");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;	/* Enable this card */
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260 */
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 2,3,5,9,11,12,15 */
+static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 1,3,5,6,7 */
+static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 1,3,5,6,7 */
+static int joystick_dac[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 29};
+				/* 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V) */
+static int channels[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 24};
+static int pcm_channels[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 2};
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for GUS MAX soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for GUS MAX soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable GUS MAX soundcard.");
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for GUS MAX driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for GUS MAX driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma1, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "DMA1 # for GUS MAX driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma2, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "DMA2 # for GUS MAX driver.");
+module_param_array(joystick_dac, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(joystick_dac, "Joystick DAC level 0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V for GUS MAX driver.");
+module_param_array(channels, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(channels, "Used GF1 channels for GUS MAX driver.");
+module_param_array(pcm_channels, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(pcm_channels, "Reserved PCM channels for GUS MAX driver.");
+
+struct snd_gusmax {
+	int irq;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+	struct snd_wss *wss;
+	unsigned short gus_status_reg;
+	unsigned short pcm_status_reg;
+};
+
+static int snd_gusmax_detect(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	unsigned char d;
+
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 0);	/* reset GF1 */
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 0) {
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "[0x%lx] check 1 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	udelay(160);
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 1);	/* release reset */
+	udelay(160);
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 1) {
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "[0x%lx] check 2 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_gusmax_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct snd_gusmax *maxcard = dev_id;
+	int loop, max = 5;
+	int handled = 0;
+
+	do {
+		loop = 0;
+		if (inb(maxcard->gus_status_reg)) {
+			handled = 1;
+			snd_gus_interrupt(irq, maxcard->gus);
+			loop++;
+		}
+		if (inb(maxcard->pcm_status_reg) & 0x01) { /* IRQ bit is set? */
+			handled = 1;
+			snd_wss_interrupt(irq, maxcard->wss);
+			loop++;
+		}
+	} while (loop && --max > 0);
+	return IRQ_RETVAL(handled);
+}
+
+static void snd_gusmax_init(int dev, struct snd_card *card,
+			    struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	gus->equal_irq = 1;
+	gus->codec_flag = 1;
+	gus->joystick_dac = joystick_dac[dev];
+	/* init control register */
+	gus->max_cntrl_val = (gus->gf1.port >> 4) & 0x0f;
+	if (gus->gf1.dma1 > 3)
+		gus->max_cntrl_val |= 0x10;
+	if (gus->gf1.dma2 > 3)
+		gus->max_cntrl_val |= 0x20;
+	gus->max_cntrl_val |= 0x40;
+	outb(gus->max_cntrl_val, GUSP(gus, MAXCNTRLPORT));
+}
+
+static int snd_gusmax_mixer(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_id id1, id2;
+	int err;
+	
+	memset(&id1, 0, sizeof(id1));
+	memset(&id2, 0, sizeof(id2));
+	id1.iface = id2.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+	/* reassign AUXA to SYNTHESIZER */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch");
+	strscpy(id2.name, "Synth Playback Switch");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
+	strscpy(id2.name, "Synth Playback Volume");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	/* reassign AUXB to CD */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch"); id1.index = 1;
+	strscpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Switch");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
+	strscpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Volume");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#if 0
+	/* reassign Mono Input to MIC */
+	if (snd_mixer_group_rename(mixer,
+				SNDRV_MIXER_IN_MONO, 0,
+				SNDRV_MIXER_IN_MIC, 0) < 0)
+		goto __error;
+	if (snd_mixer_elem_rename(mixer,
+				SNDRV_MIXER_IN_MONO, 0, SNDRV_MIXER_ETYPE_INPUT,
+				SNDRV_MIXER_IN_MIC, 0) < 0)
+		goto __error;
+	if (snd_mixer_elem_rename(mixer,
+				"Mono Capture Volume", 0, SNDRV_MIXER_ETYPE_VOLUME1,
+				"Mic Capture Volume", 0) < 0)
+		goto __error;
+	if (snd_mixer_elem_rename(mixer,
+				"Mono Capture Switch", 0, SNDRV_MIXER_ETYPE_SWITCH1,
+				"Mic Capture Switch", 0) < 0)
+		goto __error;
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_gusmax_match(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	return enable[dev];
+}
+
+static int snd_gusmax_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	static const int possible_irqs[] = {5, 11, 12, 9, 7, 15, 3, -1};
+	static const int possible_dmas[] = {5, 6, 7, 1, 3, -1};
+	int xirq, xdma1, xdma2, err;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus = NULL;
+	struct snd_wss *wss;
+	struct snd_gusmax *maxcard;
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(pdev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_gusmax), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	maxcard = card->private_data;
+	maxcard->card = card;
+	maxcard->irq = -1;
+	
+	xirq = irq[dev];
+	if (xirq == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		xirq = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (xirq < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	xdma1 = dma1[dev];
+	if (xdma1 == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		xdma1 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (xdma1 < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free DMA1\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	xdma2 = dma2[dev];
+	if (xdma2 == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		xdma2 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (xdma2 < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free DMA2\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		err = snd_gus_create(card,
+				     port[dev],
+				     -xirq, xdma1, xdma2,
+				     0, channels[dev],
+				     pcm_channels[dev],
+				     0, &gus);
+	} else {
+		static const unsigned long possible_ports[] = {
+			0x220, 0x230, 0x240, 0x250, 0x260
+		};
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(possible_ports); i++) {
+			err = snd_gus_create(card,
+					     possible_ports[i],
+					     -xirq, xdma1, xdma2,
+					     0, channels[dev],
+					     pcm_channels[dev],
+					     0, &gus);
+			if (err >= 0) {
+				port[dev] = possible_ports[i];
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_gusmax_detect(gus);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	maxcard->gus_status_reg = gus->gf1.reg_irqstat;
+	maxcard->pcm_status_reg = gus->gf1.port + 0x10c + 2;
+	snd_gusmax_init(dev, card, gus);
+	err = snd_gus_initialize(gus);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (!gus->max_flag) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "GUS MAX soundcard was not detected at 0x%lx\n", gus->gf1.port);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	if (devm_request_irq(card->dev, xirq, snd_gusmax_interrupt, 0,
+			     "GUS MAX", (void *)maxcard)) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", xirq);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	maxcard->irq = xirq;
+	card->sync_irq = maxcard->irq;
+
+	err = snd_wss_create(card,
+			     gus->gf1.port + 0x10c, -1, xirq,
+			     xdma2 < 0 ? xdma1 : xdma2, xdma1,
+			     WSS_HW_DETECT,
+			     WSS_HWSHARE_IRQ |
+			     WSS_HWSHARE_DMA1 |
+			     WSS_HWSHARE_DMA2,
+			     &wss);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_wss_pcm(wss, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_wss_mixer(wss);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_wss_timer(wss, 2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (pcm_channels[dev] > 0) {
+		err = snd_gf1_pcm_new(gus, 1, 1);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	err = snd_gusmax_mixer(wss);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_gf1_rawmidi_new(gus, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	sprintf(card->longname + strlen(card->longname), " at 0x%lx, irq %i, dma %i", gus->gf1.port, xirq, xdma1);
+	if (xdma2 >= 0)
+		sprintf(card->longname + strlen(card->longname), "&%i", xdma2);
+
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+		
+	maxcard->gus = gus;
+	maxcard->wss = wss;
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_gusmax_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+			      pm_message_t state)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct snd_gusmax *maxcard = card->private_data;
+
+	maxcard->wss->suspend(maxcard->wss);
+	return snd_gus_suspend(maxcard->gus);
+}
+
+static int snd_gusmax_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct snd_gusmax *maxcard = card->private_data;
+
+	/* Restore the board routing latch before resuming the codec and GF1. */
+	outb(maxcard->gus->max_cntrl_val, GUSP(maxcard->gus, MAXCNTRLPORT));
+	maxcard->wss->resume(maxcard->wss);
+	return snd_gus_resume(maxcard->gus);
+}
+#endif
+
+#define DEV_NAME "gusmax"
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_gusmax_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_gusmax_match,
+	.probe		= snd_gusmax_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_gusmax_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_gusmax_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	},
+};
+
+module_isa_driver(snd_gusmax_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/interwave-stb.c b/sound/isa/gus/interwave-stb.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9b3468c8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/interwave-stb.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#define SNDRV_STB
+#include "interwave.c"
diff --git a/sound/isa/gus/interwave.c b/sound/isa/gus/interwave.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..115f900fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/gus/interwave.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1038 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Driver for AMD InterWave soundcard
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *
+ *   1999/07/22		Erik Inge Bolso <knan@mo.himolde.no>
+ *			* mixer group handlers
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/pnp.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/gus.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#ifdef SNDRV_STB
+#include <sound/tea6330t.h>
+#endif
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IRQ
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_DMA
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+#ifndef SNDRV_STB
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("AMD InterWave");
+#else
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("AMD InterWave STB with TEA6330T");
+#endif
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_ISAPNP; /* Enable this card */
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static bool isapnp[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 1};
+#endif
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260 */
+#ifdef SNDRV_STB
+static long port_tc[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380 */
+#endif
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 2,3,5,9,11,12,15 */
+static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0,1,3,5,6,7 */
+static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0,1,3,5,6,7 */
+static int joystick_dac[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 29};
+				/* 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V) */
+static int midi[SNDRV_CARDS];
+static int pcm_channels[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 2};
+static int effect[SNDRV_CARDS];
+
+#ifdef SNDRV_STB
+#define INTERWAVE_DRIVER	"snd_interwave_stb"
+#define INTERWAVE_PNP_DRIVER	"interwave-stb"
+#else
+#define INTERWAVE_DRIVER	"snd_interwave"
+#define INTERWAVE_PNP_DRIVER	"interwave"
+#endif
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for InterWave soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for InterWave soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable InterWave soundcard.");
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+module_param_array(isapnp, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(isapnp, "ISA PnP detection for specified soundcard.");
+#endif
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for InterWave driver.");
+#ifdef SNDRV_STB
+module_param_hw_array(port_tc, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port_tc, "Tone control (TEA6330T - i2c bus) port # for InterWave driver.");
+#endif
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for InterWave driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma1, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "DMA1 # for InterWave driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma2, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "DMA2 # for InterWave driver.");
+module_param_array(joystick_dac, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(joystick_dac, "Joystick DAC level 0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V for InterWave driver.");
+module_param_array(midi, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(midi, "MIDI UART enable for InterWave driver.");
+module_param_array(pcm_channels, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(pcm_channels, "Reserved PCM channels for InterWave driver.");
+module_param_array(effect, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(effect, "Effects enable for InterWave driver.");
+
+struct snd_interwave {
+	int irq;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+	struct snd_wss *wss;
+#ifdef SNDRV_STB
+	struct snd_i2c_bus *i2c_bus;
+	struct resource *i2c_res;
+#endif
+	unsigned short gus_status_reg;
+	unsigned short pcm_status_reg;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	struct pnp_dev *dev;
+#ifdef SNDRV_STB
+	struct pnp_dev *devtc;
+#endif
+#endif
+};
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int isa_registered __ro_after_init;
+static int pnp_registered __ro_after_init;
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id snd_interwave_pnpids[] = {
+#ifndef SNDRV_STB
+	/* Gravis UltraSound Plug & Play */
+	{ .id = "GRV0001", .devs = { { .id = "GRV0000" } } },
+	/* STB SoundRage32 */
+	{ .id = "STB011a", .devs = { { .id = "STB0010" } } },
+	/* MED3210 */
+	{ .id = "DXP3201", .devs = { { .id = "DXP0010" } } },
+	/* Dynasonic Pro */
+	/* This device also have CDC1117:DynaSonix Pro Audio Effects Processor */
+	{ .id = "CDC1111", .devs = { { .id = "CDC1112" } } },
+	/* Panasonic PCA761AW Audio Card */
+	{ .id = "ADV55ff", .devs = { { .id = "ADV0010" } } },
+	/* InterWave STB without TEA6330T */
+	{ .id = "ADV550a", .devs = { { .id = "ADV0010" } } },
+#else
+	/* InterWave STB with TEA6330T */
+	{ .id = "ADV550a", .devs = { { .id = "ADV0010" }, { .id = "ADV0015" } } },
+#endif
+	{ .id = "" }
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_interwave_pnpids);
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+
+#ifdef SNDRV_STB
+static void snd_interwave_i2c_setlines(struct snd_i2c_bus *bus, int ctrl, int data)
+{
+	unsigned long port = bus->private_value;
+
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(bus->card->dev, "i2c_setlines - 0x%lx <- %i,%i\n", port, ctrl, data);
+#endif
+	outb((data << 1) | ctrl, port);
+	udelay(10);
+}
+
+static int snd_interwave_i2c_getclockline(struct snd_i2c_bus *bus)
+{
+	unsigned long port = bus->private_value;
+	unsigned char res;
+
+	res = inb(port) & 1;
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(bus->card->dev, "i2c_getclockline - 0x%lx -> %i\n", port, res);
+#endif
+	return res;
+}
+
+static int snd_interwave_i2c_getdataline(struct snd_i2c_bus *bus, int ack)
+{
+	unsigned long port = bus->private_value;
+	unsigned char res;
+
+	if (ack)
+		udelay(10);
+	res = (inb(port) & 2) >> 1;
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(bus->card->dev, "i2c_getdataline - 0x%lx -> %i\n", port, res);
+#endif
+	return res;
+}
+
+static struct snd_i2c_bit_ops snd_interwave_i2c_bit_ops = {
+	.setlines = snd_interwave_i2c_setlines,
+	.getclock = snd_interwave_i2c_getclockline,
+	.getdata  = snd_interwave_i2c_getdataline,
+};
+
+static int snd_interwave_detect_stb(struct snd_interwave *iwcard,
+				    struct snd_gus_card *gus, int dev,
+				    struct snd_i2c_bus **rbus)
+{
+	unsigned long port;
+	struct snd_i2c_bus *bus;
+	struct snd_card *card = iwcard->card;
+	char name[32];
+	int err;
+
+	*rbus = NULL;
+	port = port_tc[dev];
+	if (port == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		port = 0x350;
+		if (gus->gf1.port == 0x250) {
+			port = 0x360;
+		}
+		while (port <= 0x380) {
+			iwcard->i2c_res = devm_request_region(card->dev, port, 1,
+							      "InterWave (I2C bus)");
+			if (iwcard->i2c_res)
+				break;
+			port += 0x10;
+		}
+	} else {
+		iwcard->i2c_res = devm_request_region(card->dev, port, 1,
+						      "InterWave (I2C bus)");
+	}
+	if (iwcard->i2c_res == NULL) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "interwave: can't grab i2c bus port\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	sprintf(name, "InterWave-%i", card->number);
+	err = snd_i2c_bus_create(card, name, NULL, &bus);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	bus->private_value = port;
+	bus->hw_ops.bit = &snd_interwave_i2c_bit_ops;
+	err = snd_tea6330t_detect(bus, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	*rbus = bus;
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int snd_interwave_detect(struct snd_interwave *iwcard,
+				struct snd_gus_card *gus,
+				int dev
+#ifdef SNDRV_STB
+				, struct snd_i2c_bus **rbus
+#endif
+				          )
+{
+	unsigned char rev1, rev2;
+	int d;
+
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 0);	/* reset GF1 */
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 0) {
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "[0x%lx] check 1 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	udelay(160);
+	snd_gf1_i_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 1);	/* release reset */
+	udelay(160);
+	d = snd_gf1_i_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET);
+	if ((d & 0x07) != 1) {
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "[0x%lx] check 2 failed - 0x%x\n", gus->gf1.port, d);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->reg_lock) {
+		rev1 = snd_gf1_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_VERSION_NUMBER);
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_VERSION_NUMBER, ~rev1);
+		rev2 = snd_gf1_look8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_VERSION_NUMBER);
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_VERSION_NUMBER, rev1);
+	}
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+		"[0x%lx] InterWave check - rev1=0x%x, rev2=0x%x\n",
+		gus->gf1.port, rev1, rev2);
+	if ((rev1 & 0xf0) == (rev2 & 0xf0) &&
+	    (rev1 & 0x0f) != (rev2 & 0x0f)) {
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev,
+			"[0x%lx] InterWave check - passed\n", gus->gf1.port);
+		gus->interwave = 1;
+		strscpy(gus->card->shortname, "AMD InterWave");
+		gus->revision = rev1 >> 4;
+#ifndef SNDRV_STB
+		return 0;	/* ok.. We have an InterWave board */
+#else
+		return snd_interwave_detect_stb(iwcard, gus, dev, rbus);
+#endif
+	}
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "[0x%lx] InterWave check - failed\n", gus->gf1.port);
+	return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_interwave_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct snd_interwave *iwcard = dev_id;
+	int loop, max = 5;
+	int handled = 0;
+
+	do {
+		loop = 0;
+		if (inb(iwcard->gus_status_reg)) {
+			handled = 1;
+			snd_gus_interrupt(irq, iwcard->gus);
+			loop++;
+		}
+		if (inb(iwcard->pcm_status_reg) & 0x01) {	/* IRQ bit is set? */
+			handled = 1;
+			snd_wss_interrupt(irq, iwcard->wss);
+			loop++;
+		}
+	} while (loop && --max > 0);
+	return IRQ_RETVAL(handled);
+}
+
+static void snd_interwave_reset(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 0x00);
+	udelay(160);
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_RESET, 0x01);
+	udelay(160);
+}
+
+static void snd_interwave_bank_sizes(struct snd_gus_card *gus, int *sizes)
+{
+	unsigned int idx;
+	unsigned int local;
+	unsigned char d;
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < 4; idx++) {
+		sizes[idx] = 0;
+		d = 0x55;
+		for (local = idx << 22;
+		     local < (idx << 22) + 0x400000;
+		     local += 0x40000, d++) {
+			snd_gf1_poke(gus, local, d);
+			snd_gf1_poke(gus, local + 1, d + 1);
+#if 0
+			dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "d = 0x%x, local = 0x%x, "
+			       "local + 1 = 0x%x, idx << 22 = 0x%x\n",
+			       d,
+			       snd_gf1_peek(gus, local),
+			       snd_gf1_peek(gus, local + 1),
+			       snd_gf1_peek(gus, idx << 22));
+#endif
+			if (snd_gf1_peek(gus, local) != d ||
+			    snd_gf1_peek(gus, local + 1) != d + 1 ||
+			    snd_gf1_peek(gus, idx << 22) != 0x55)
+				break;
+			sizes[idx]++;
+		}
+	}
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "sizes: %i %i %i %i\n",
+	       sizes[0], sizes[1], sizes[2], sizes[3]);
+#endif
+}
+
+struct rom_hdr {
+	/* 000 */ unsigned char iwave[8];
+	/* 008 */ unsigned char rom_hdr_revision;
+	/* 009 */ unsigned char series_number;
+	/* 010 */ unsigned char series_name[16];
+	/* 026 */ unsigned char date[10];
+	/* 036 */ unsigned short vendor_revision_major;
+	/* 038 */ unsigned short vendor_revision_minor;
+	/* 040 */ unsigned int rom_size;
+	/* 044 */ unsigned char copyright[128];
+	/* 172 */ unsigned char vendor_name[64];
+	/* 236 */ unsigned char rom_description[128];
+	/* 364 */ unsigned char pad[147];
+	/* 511 */ unsigned char csum;
+};
+
+static const unsigned int snd_interwave_memory_configs[] = {
+	0x00000001, 0x00000101, 0x01010101, 0x00000401,
+	0x04040401, 0x00040101, 0x04040101, 0x00000004,
+	0x00000404, 0x04040404, 0x00000010, 0x00001010,
+	0x10101010
+};
+
+static int snd_interwave_find_memory_config(unsigned int lmct)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_interwave_memory_configs); i++) {
+		if (lmct == snd_interwave_memory_configs[i])
+			return i;
+	}
+
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+static void snd_interwave_detect_memory(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	int bank_pos, pages;
+	unsigned int i, lmct;
+	int lmc_cfg;
+	int psizes[4];
+	unsigned char iwave[8];
+	unsigned char csum;
+
+	snd_interwave_reset(gus);
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_GLOBAL_MODE, snd_gf1_read8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_GLOBAL_MODE) | 0x01);		/* enhanced mode */
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_MEMORY_CONTROL, 0x01);	/* DRAM I/O cycles selected */
+	snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_MEMORY_CONFIG, (snd_gf1_look16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_MEMORY_CONFIG) & 0xff10) | 0x004c);
+	/* ok.. simple test of memory size */
+	pages = 0;
+	snd_gf1_poke(gus, 0, 0x55);
+	snd_gf1_poke(gus, 1, 0xaa);
+#if 1
+	if (snd_gf1_peek(gus, 0) == 0x55 && snd_gf1_peek(gus, 1) == 0xaa)
+#else
+	if (0)			/* ok.. for testing of 0k RAM */
+#endif
+	{
+		snd_interwave_bank_sizes(gus, psizes);
+		lmct = (psizes[3] << 24) | (psizes[2] << 16) |
+		    (psizes[1] << 8) | psizes[0];
+#if 0
+		dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "lmct = 0x%08x\n", lmct);
+#endif
+		lmc_cfg = snd_interwave_find_memory_config(lmct);
+		if (lmc_cfg >= 0) {
+#if 0
+			dev_dbg(gus->card->dev, "found !!! %i\n", lmc_cfg);
+#endif
+			snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_MEMORY_CONFIG,
+					(snd_gf1_look16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_MEMORY_CONFIG) & 0xfff0) |
+					lmc_cfg);
+			snd_interwave_bank_sizes(gus, psizes);
+		} else if (!gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
+			snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_MEMORY_CONFIG,
+					(snd_gf1_look16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_MEMORY_CONFIG) & 0xfff0) |
+					2);
+		}
+		for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+			gus->gf1.mem_alloc.banks_8[i].address =
+			    gus->gf1.mem_alloc.banks_16[i].address = i << 22;
+			gus->gf1.mem_alloc.banks_8[i].size =
+			    gus->gf1.mem_alloc.banks_16[i].size = psizes[i] << 18;
+			pages += psizes[i];
+		}
+	}
+	pages <<= 18;
+	gus->gf1.memory = pages;
+
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_MEMORY_CONTROL, 0x03);	/* select ROM */
+	snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_MEMORY_CONFIG, (snd_gf1_look16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_MEMORY_CONFIG) & 0xff1f) | (4 << 5));
+	gus->gf1.rom_banks = 0;
+	gus->gf1.rom_memory = 0;
+	for (bank_pos = 0; bank_pos < 16L * 1024L * 1024L; bank_pos += 4L * 1024L * 1024L) {
+		for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
+			iwave[i] = snd_gf1_peek(gus, bank_pos + i);
+		if (strncmp(iwave, "INTRWAVE", 8))
+			continue;	/* first check */
+		csum = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < sizeof(struct rom_hdr); i++)
+			csum += snd_gf1_peek(gus, bank_pos + i);
+		if (csum != 0)
+			continue;	/* not valid rom */
+		gus->gf1.rom_banks++;
+		gus->gf1.rom_present |= 1 << (bank_pos >> 22);
+		gus->gf1.rom_memory = snd_gf1_peek(gus, bank_pos + 40) |
+				     (snd_gf1_peek(gus, bank_pos + 41) << 8) |
+				     (snd_gf1_peek(gus, bank_pos + 42) << 16) |
+				     (snd_gf1_peek(gus, bank_pos + 43) << 24);
+	}
+#if 0
+	if (gus->gf1.rom_memory > 0) {
+		if (gus->gf1.rom_banks == 1 && gus->gf1.rom_present == 8)
+			gus->card->type = SNDRV_CARD_TYPE_IW_DYNASONIC;
+	}
+#endif
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_MEMORY_CONTROL, 0x00);	/* select RAM */
+
+	if (!gus->gf1.enh_mode)
+		snd_interwave_reset(gus);
+}
+
+static void __snd_interwave_restore_regs(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_COMPATIBILITY, 0x1f);
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_DECODE_CONTROL, 0x49);
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_VERSION_NUMBER, 0x11);
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_MPU401_CONTROL_A, 0x00);
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_MPU401_CONTROL_B, 0x30);
+	snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_EMULATION_IRQ, 0x00);
+}
+
+static void snd_interwave_init(int dev, struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	/* Probe-time setup also clears the timer control register. */
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->reg_lock) {
+		snd_gf1_write8(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GB_SOUND_BLASTER_CONTROL, 0x00);
+		__snd_interwave_restore_regs(gus);
+	}
+	gus->equal_irq = 1;
+	gus->codec_flag = 1;
+	gus->interwave = 1;
+	gus->max_flag = 1;
+	gus->joystick_dac = joystick_dac[dev];
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_interwave_controls[] = {
+WSS_DOUBLE("Master Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_LINE_LEFT_OUTPUT, CS4231_LINE_RIGHT_OUTPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Master Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_LINE_LEFT_OUTPUT, CS4231_LINE_RIGHT_OUTPUT, 0, 0, 31, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Mic Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_MIC_INPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_MIC_INPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Mic Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_MIC_INPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_MIC_INPUT, 0, 0, 31, 1)
+};
+
+static int snd_interwave_mixer(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_id id1, id2;
+	unsigned int idx;
+	int err;
+
+	memset(&id1, 0, sizeof(id1));
+	memset(&id2, 0, sizeof(id2));
+	id1.iface = id2.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+#if 0
+	/* remove mono microphone controls */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Mic Playback Switch");
+	err = snd_ctl_remove_id(card, &id1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Mic Playback Volume");
+	err = snd_ctl_remove_id(card, &id1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#endif
+	/* add new master and mic controls */
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_interwave_controls); idx++) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_interwave_controls[idx], chip));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_LINE_LEFT_OUTPUT, 0x9f);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_LINE_RIGHT_OUTPUT, 0x9f);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_LEFT_MIC_INPUT, 0x9f);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_RIGHT_MIC_INPUT, 0x9f);
+	/* reassign AUXA to SYNTHESIZER */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch");
+	strscpy(id2.name, "Synth Playback Switch");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
+	strscpy(id2.name, "Synth Playback Volume");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	/* reassign AUXB to CD */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch"); id1.index = 1;
+	strscpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Switch");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
+	strscpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Volume");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+
+static int snd_interwave_pnp(int dev, struct snd_interwave *iwcard,
+			     struct pnp_card_link *card,
+			     const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
+{
+	struct pnp_dev *pdev;
+	int err;
+
+	iwcard->dev = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (iwcard->dev == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+#ifdef SNDRV_STB
+	iwcard->devtc = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[1].id, NULL);
+	if (iwcard->devtc == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+#endif
+	/* Synth & Codec initialization */
+	pdev = iwcard->dev;
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "InterWave PnP configure failure (out of resources?)\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	if (pnp_port_start(pdev, 0) + 0x100 != pnp_port_start(pdev, 1) ||
+	    pnp_port_start(pdev, 0) + 0x10c != pnp_port_start(pdev, 2)) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "PnP configure failure (wrong ports)\n");
+		return -ENOENT;
+	}
+	port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	dma1[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	if (dma2[dev] >= 0)
+		dma2[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
+	irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+	dev_dbg(&pdev->dev,
+		"isapnp IW: sb port=0x%llx, gf1 port=0x%llx, codec port=0x%llx\n",
+		(unsigned long long)pnp_port_start(pdev, 0),
+		(unsigned long long)pnp_port_start(pdev, 1),
+		(unsigned long long)pnp_port_start(pdev, 2));
+	dev_dbg(&pdev->dev,
+		"isapnp IW: dma1=%i, dma2=%i, irq=%i\n",
+		dma1[dev], dma2[dev], irq[dev]);
+#ifdef SNDRV_STB
+	/* Tone Control initialization */
+	pdev = iwcard->devtc;
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev,
+			"InterWave ToneControl PnP configure failure (out of resources?)\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	port_tc[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	dev_dbg(&pdev->dev, "isapnp IW: tone control port=0x%lx\n", port_tc[dev]);
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static int snd_interwave_card_new(struct device *pdev, int dev,
+				  struct snd_card **cardp)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_interwave *iwcard;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(pdev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_interwave), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	iwcard = card->private_data;
+	iwcard->card = card;
+	iwcard->irq = -1;
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_interwave_probe_gus(struct snd_card *card, int dev,
+				   struct snd_gus_card **gusp)
+{
+	return snd_gus_create(card, port[dev], -irq[dev], dma1[dev], dma2[dev],
+			      0, 32, pcm_channels[dev], effect[dev], gusp);
+}
+
+static int snd_interwave_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev,
+			       struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	int xirq, xdma1, xdma2;
+	struct snd_interwave *iwcard = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_wss *wss;
+#ifdef SNDRV_STB
+	struct snd_i2c_bus *i2c_bus;
+#endif
+	char *str;
+	int err;
+
+	xirq = irq[dev];
+	xdma1 = dma1[dev];
+	xdma2 = dma2[dev];
+
+	err = snd_interwave_detect(iwcard, gus, dev
+#ifdef SNDRV_STB
+				   , &i2c_bus
+#endif
+				   );
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	iwcard->gus_status_reg = gus->gf1.reg_irqstat;
+	iwcard->pcm_status_reg = gus->gf1.port + 0x10c + 2;
+
+	snd_interwave_init(dev, gus);
+	snd_interwave_detect_memory(gus);
+	err = snd_gus_initialize(gus);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (devm_request_irq(card->dev, xirq, snd_interwave_interrupt, 0,
+			     "InterWave", iwcard)) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", xirq);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	iwcard->irq = xirq;
+	card->sync_irq = iwcard->irq;
+
+	err = snd_wss_create(card,
+			     gus->gf1.port + 0x10c, -1, xirq,
+			     xdma2 < 0 ? xdma1 : xdma2, xdma1,
+			     WSS_HW_INTERWAVE,
+			     WSS_HWSHARE_IRQ |
+			     WSS_HWSHARE_DMA1 |
+			     WSS_HWSHARE_DMA2,
+			     &wss);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_wss_pcm(wss, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	sprintf(wss->pcm->name + strlen(wss->pcm->name), " rev %c",
+		gus->revision + 'A');
+	strcat(wss->pcm->name, " (codec)");
+
+	err = snd_wss_timer(wss, 2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_wss_mixer(wss);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (pcm_channels[dev] > 0) {
+		err = snd_gf1_pcm_new(gus, 1, 1);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	err = snd_interwave_mixer(wss);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+#ifdef SNDRV_STB
+	{
+		struct snd_ctl_elem_id id1, id2;
+		memset(&id1, 0, sizeof(id1));
+		memset(&id2, 0, sizeof(id2));
+		id1.iface = id2.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+		strscpy(id1.name, "Master Playback Switch");
+		strscpy(id2.name, id1.name);
+		id2.index = 1;
+		err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		strscpy(id1.name, "Master Playback Volume");
+		strscpy(id2.name, id1.name);
+		err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		err = snd_tea6330t_update_mixer(card, i2c_bus, 0, 1);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		iwcard->i2c_bus = i2c_bus;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	gus->uart_enable = midi[dev];
+	err = snd_gf1_rawmidi_new(gus, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+#ifndef SNDRV_STB
+	str = "AMD InterWave";
+	if (gus->gf1.rom_banks == 1 && gus->gf1.rom_present == 8)
+		str = "Dynasonic 3-D";
+#else
+	str = "InterWave STB";
+#endif
+	strscpy(card->driver, str);
+	strscpy(card->shortname, str);
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %i, dma %d",
+		str,
+		gus->gf1.port,
+		xirq,
+		xdma1);
+	if (xdma2 >= 0)
+		sprintf(card->longname + strlen(card->longname), "&%d", xdma2);
+
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	
+	iwcard->wss = wss;
+	iwcard->gus = gus;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_interwave_isa_match(struct device *pdev,
+				   unsigned int dev)
+{
+	if (!enable[dev])
+		return 0;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (isapnp[dev])
+		return 0;
+#endif
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_interwave_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
+				   unsigned int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+	int err;
+	static const int possible_irqs[] = {5, 11, 12, 9, 7, 15, 3, -1};
+	static const int possible_dmas[] = {0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, -1};
+
+	if (irq[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		irq[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (irq[dev] < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma1[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma1[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (dma1[dev] < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free DMA1\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma2[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma2[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (dma2[dev] < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free DMA2\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = snd_interwave_card_new(pdev, dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		err = snd_interwave_probe_gus(card, dev, &gus);
+	else {
+		static const long possible_ports[] = {0x210, 0x220, 0x230, 0x240, 0x250, 0x260};
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(possible_ports); i++) {
+			port[dev] = possible_ports[i];
+			err = snd_interwave_probe_gus(card, dev, &gus);
+			if (! err)
+				return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_interwave_probe(card, dev, gus);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static void snd_interwave_restore_regs(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->reg_lock)
+		__snd_interwave_restore_regs(gus);
+}
+
+static void snd_interwave_restore_memory(struct snd_gus_card *gus)
+{
+	unsigned short mem_cfg;
+	unsigned int lmct = 0;
+	int i, lmc_cfg;
+
+	if (!gus->gf1.memory)
+		return;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+		lmct |= (gus->gf1.mem_alloc.banks_16[i].size >> 18) << (i * 8);
+
+	lmc_cfg = snd_interwave_find_memory_config(lmct);
+	if (lmc_cfg < 0) {
+		if (!gus->gf1.enh_mode) {
+			lmc_cfg = 2;
+		} else {
+			dev_warn(gus->card->dev,
+				 "cannot restore InterWave memory layout 0x%08x\n",
+				 lmct);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &gus->reg_lock) {
+		mem_cfg = snd_gf1_look16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_MEMORY_CONFIG);
+		mem_cfg = (mem_cfg & 0xfff0) | lmc_cfg;
+		mem_cfg = (mem_cfg & 0xff1f) | (4 << 5);
+		snd_gf1_write16(gus, SNDRV_GF1_GW_MEMORY_CONFIG, mem_cfg);
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_interwave_card_suspend(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_interwave *iwcard = card->private_data;
+
+	iwcard->wss->suspend(iwcard->wss);
+	return snd_gus_suspend(iwcard->gus);
+}
+
+static int snd_interwave_card_resume(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_interwave *iwcard = card->private_data;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_gus_resume(iwcard->gus);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_interwave_restore_regs(iwcard->gus);
+	snd_interwave_restore_memory(iwcard->gus);
+	iwcard->wss->resume(iwcard->wss);
+#ifdef SNDRV_STB
+	if (iwcard->i2c_bus) {
+		err = snd_tea6330t_restore_mixer(iwcard->i2c_bus);
+		if (err < 0)
+			dev_warn(card->dev,
+				 "failed to restore TEA6330T mixer state: %d\n",
+				 err);
+	}
+#endif
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_interwave_isa_suspend(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev,
+				     pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_interwave_card_suspend(dev_get_drvdata(pdev));
+}
+
+static int snd_interwave_isa_resume(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	return snd_interwave_card_resume(dev_get_drvdata(pdev));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_interwave_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_interwave_isa_match,
+	.probe		= snd_interwave_isa_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_interwave_isa_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_interwave_isa_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= INTERWAVE_DRIVER
+	},
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int snd_interwave_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				    const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_gus_card *gus;
+	int res;
+
+	for ( ; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (enable[dev] && isapnp[dev])
+			break;
+	}
+	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+				
+	res = snd_interwave_card_new(&pcard->card->dev, dev, &card);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+
+	res = snd_interwave_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+	res = snd_interwave_probe_gus(card, dev, &gus);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+	res = snd_interwave_probe(card, dev, gus);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_interwave_pnpc_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				      pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_interwave_card_suspend(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+
+static int snd_interwave_pnpc_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	return snd_interwave_card_resume(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver interwave_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags = PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
+	.name = INTERWAVE_PNP_DRIVER,
+	.id_table = snd_interwave_pnpids,
+	.probe = snd_interwave_pnp_detect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_interwave_pnpc_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_interwave_pnpc_resume,
+#endif
+};
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static int __init alsa_card_interwave_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = isa_register_driver(&snd_interwave_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (!err)
+		isa_registered = 1;
+
+	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&interwave_pnpc_driver);
+	if (!err)
+		pnp_registered = 1;
+
+	if (isa_registered)
+		err = 0;
+#endif
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_card_interwave_exit(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (pnp_registered)
+		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&interwave_pnpc_driver);
+	if (isa_registered)
+#endif
+		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_interwave_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_card_interwave_init)
+module_exit(alsa_card_interwave_exit)
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/Makefile b/sound/isa/msnd/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d56412aae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+snd-msnd-lib-y := msnd.o msnd_pinnacle_mixer.o
+snd-msnd-pinnacle-y := msnd_pinnacle.o
+snd-msnd-classic-y := msnd_classic.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_MSND_PINNACLE) += snd-msnd-pinnacle.o snd-msnd-lib.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_MSND_CLASSIC) += snd-msnd-classic.o snd-msnd-lib.o
+
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.c b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..77367e102
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.c
@@ -0,0 +1,697 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*********************************************************************
+ *
+ * 2002/06/30 Karsten Wiese:
+ *	removed kernel-version dependencies.
+ *	ripped from linux kernel 2.4.18 (OSS Implementation) by me.
+ *	In the OSS Version, this file is compiled to a separate MODULE,
+ *	that is used by the pinnacle and the classic driver.
+ *	since there is no classic driver for alsa yet (i dont have a classic
+ *	& writing one blindfold is difficult) this file's object is statically
+ *	linked into the pinnacle-driver-module for now.	look for the string
+ *		"uncomment this to make this a module again"
+ *	to do guess what.
+ *
+ * the following is a copy of the 2.4.18 OSS FREE file-heading comment:
+ *
+ * msnd.c - Driver Base
+ *
+ * Turtle Beach MultiSound Sound Card Driver for Linux
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
+ *
+ ********************************************************************/
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/pcm_params.h>
+
+#include "msnd.h"
+
+#define LOGNAME			"msnd"
+
+
+void snd_msnd_init_queue(void __iomem *base, int start, int size)
+{
+	writew(PCTODSP_BASED(start), base + JQS_wStart);
+	writew(PCTODSP_OFFSET(size) - 1, base + JQS_wSize);
+	writew(0, base + JQS_wHead);
+	writew(0, base + JQS_wTail);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_init_queue);
+
+static int snd_msnd_wait_TXDE(struct snd_msnd *dev)
+{
+	unsigned int io = dev->io;
+	int timeout = 1000;
+
+	while (timeout-- > 0)
+		if (inb(io + HP_ISR) & HPISR_TXDE)
+			return 0;
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_wait_HC0(struct snd_msnd *dev)
+{
+	unsigned int io = dev->io;
+	int timeout = 1000;
+
+	while (timeout-- > 0)
+		if (!(inb(io + HP_CVR) & HPCVR_HC))
+			return 0;
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+
+int snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(struct snd_msnd *dev, u8 cmd)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&dev->lock);
+	if (snd_msnd_wait_HC0(dev) == 0) {
+		outb(cmd, dev->io + HP_CVR);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	dev_dbg(dev->card->dev, LOGNAME ": Send DSP command timeout\n");
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd);
+
+int snd_msnd_send_word(struct snd_msnd *dev, unsigned char high,
+		   unsigned char mid, unsigned char low)
+{
+	unsigned int io = dev->io;
+
+	if (snd_msnd_wait_TXDE(dev) == 0) {
+		outb(high, io + HP_TXH);
+		outb(mid, io + HP_TXM);
+		outb(low, io + HP_TXL);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	dev_dbg(dev->card->dev, LOGNAME ": Send host word timeout\n");
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_send_word);
+
+int snd_msnd_upload_host(struct snd_msnd *dev, const u8 *bin, int len)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (len % 3 != 0) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, LOGNAME
+			   ": Upload host data not multiple of 3!\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i += 3)
+		if (snd_msnd_send_word(dev, bin[i], bin[i + 1], bin[i + 2]))
+			return -EIO;
+
+	inb(dev->io + HP_RXL);
+	inb(dev->io + HP_CVR);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_upload_host);
+
+static int __snd_msnd_enable_irq(struct snd_msnd *dev)
+{
+	dev_dbg(dev->card->dev, LOGNAME ": Enabling IRQ\n");
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&dev->lock);
+	if (snd_msnd_wait_TXDE(dev) == 0) {
+		outb(inb(dev->io + HP_ICR) | HPICR_TREQ, dev->io + HP_ICR);
+		if (dev->type == msndClassic)
+			outb(dev->irqid, dev->io + HP_IRQM);
+
+		outb(inb(dev->io + HP_ICR) & ~HPICR_TREQ, dev->io + HP_ICR);
+		outb(inb(dev->io + HP_ICR) | HPICR_RREQ, dev->io + HP_ICR);
+		enable_irq(dev->irq);
+		snd_msnd_init_queue(dev->DSPQ, dev->dspq_data_buff,
+				    dev->dspq_buff_size);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	dev_dbg(dev->card->dev, LOGNAME ": Enable IRQ failed\n");
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+
+static int __snd_msnd_disable_irq(struct snd_msnd *dev)
+{
+	dev_dbg(dev->card->dev, LOGNAME ": Disabling IRQ\n");
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&dev->lock);
+	if (snd_msnd_wait_TXDE(dev) == 0) {
+		outb(inb(dev->io + HP_ICR) & ~HPICR_RREQ, dev->io + HP_ICR);
+		if (dev->type == msndClassic)
+			outb(HPIRQ_NONE, dev->io + HP_IRQM);
+		disable_irq(dev->irq);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	dev_dbg(dev->card->dev, LOGNAME ": Disable IRQ failed\n");
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+
+int snd_msnd_enable_irq(struct snd_msnd *dev)
+{
+	if (dev->irq_ref++)
+		return 0;
+
+	return __snd_msnd_enable_irq(dev);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_enable_irq);
+
+int snd_msnd_disable_irq(struct snd_msnd *dev)
+{
+	if (--dev->irq_ref > 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (dev->irq_ref < 0)
+		dev_dbg(dev->card->dev, LOGNAME ": IRQ ref count is %d\n",
+			dev->irq_ref);
+
+	return __snd_msnd_disable_irq(dev);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_disable_irq);
+
+int snd_msnd_force_irq(struct snd_msnd *dev, bool enable)
+{
+	if (!dev->irq_ref)
+		return 0;
+
+	return enable ? __snd_msnd_enable_irq(dev) :
+			__snd_msnd_disable_irq(dev);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_force_irq);
+
+static inline long get_play_delay_jiffies(struct snd_msnd *chip, long size)
+{
+	long tmp = (size * HZ * chip->play_sample_size) / 8;
+	return tmp / (chip->play_sample_rate * chip->play_channels);
+}
+
+static void snd_msnd_dsp_write_flush(struct snd_msnd *chip)
+{
+	if (!(chip->mode & FMODE_WRITE) || !test_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags))
+		return;
+	set_bit(F_WRITEFLUSH, &chip->flags);
+/*	interruptible_sleep_on_timeout(
+		&chip->writeflush,
+		get_play_delay_jiffies(&chip, chip->DAPF.len));*/
+	clear_bit(F_WRITEFLUSH, &chip->flags);
+	if (!signal_pending(current))
+		schedule_timeout_interruptible(
+			get_play_delay_jiffies(chip, chip->play_period_bytes));
+	clear_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags);
+}
+
+void snd_msnd_dsp_halt(struct snd_msnd *chip, struct file *file)
+{
+	if ((file ? file->f_mode : chip->mode) & FMODE_READ) {
+		clear_bit(F_READING, &chip->flags);
+		snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_RECORD_STOP);
+		snd_msnd_disable_irq(chip);
+		if (file) {
+			dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, LOGNAME
+				": Stopping read for %p\n", file);
+			chip->mode &= ~FMODE_READ;
+		}
+		clear_bit(F_AUDIO_READ_INUSE, &chip->flags);
+	}
+	if ((file ? file->f_mode : chip->mode) & FMODE_WRITE) {
+		if (test_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags)) {
+			snd_msnd_dsp_write_flush(chip);
+			snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_PLAY_STOP);
+		}
+		snd_msnd_disable_irq(chip);
+		if (file) {
+			dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+				LOGNAME ": Stopping write for %p\n", file);
+			chip->mode &= ~FMODE_WRITE;
+		}
+		clear_bit(F_AUDIO_WRITE_INUSE, &chip->flags);
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_dsp_halt);
+
+
+int snd_msnd_DARQ(struct snd_msnd *chip, int bank)
+{
+	int /*size, n,*/ timeout = 3;
+	u16 wTmp;
+	/* void *DAQD; */
+
+	/* Increment the tail and check for queue wrap */
+	wTmp = readw(chip->DARQ + JQS_wTail) + PCTODSP_OFFSET(DAQDS__size);
+	if (wTmp > readw(chip->DARQ + JQS_wSize))
+		wTmp = 0;
+	while (wTmp == readw(chip->DARQ + JQS_wHead) && timeout--)
+		udelay(1);
+
+	if (chip->capturePeriods == 2) {
+		void __iomem *pDAQ = chip->mappedbase + DARQ_DATA_BUFF +
+			     bank * DAQDS__size + DAQDS_wStart;
+		unsigned short offset = 0x3000 + chip->capturePeriodBytes;
+
+		if (readw(pDAQ) != PCTODSP_BASED(0x3000))
+			offset = 0x3000;
+		writew(PCTODSP_BASED(offset), pDAQ);
+	}
+
+	writew(wTmp, chip->DARQ + JQS_wTail);
+
+#if 0
+	/* Get our digital audio queue struct */
+	DAQD = bank * DAQDS__size + chip->mappedbase + DARQ_DATA_BUFF;
+
+	/* Get length of data */
+	size = readw(DAQD + DAQDS_wSize);
+
+	/* Read data from the head (unprotected bank 1 access okay
+	   since this is only called inside an interrupt) */
+	outb(HPBLKSEL_1, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+	n = msnd_fifo_write(&chip->DARF,
+			    (char *)(chip->base + bank * DAR_BUFF_SIZE),
+			    size, 0);
+	if (n <= 0) {
+		outb(HPBLKSEL_0, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+		return n;
+	}
+	outb(HPBLKSEL_0, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+#endif
+
+	return 1;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_DARQ);
+
+int snd_msnd_DAPQ(struct snd_msnd *chip, int start)
+{
+	u16	DAPQ_tail;
+	int	protect = start, nbanks = 0;
+	void	__iomem *DAQD;
+	static int play_banks_submitted;
+	/* unsigned long flags;
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->lock, flags); not necessary */
+
+	DAPQ_tail = readw(chip->DAPQ + JQS_wTail);
+	while (DAPQ_tail != readw(chip->DAPQ + JQS_wHead) || start) {
+		int bank_num = DAPQ_tail / PCTODSP_OFFSET(DAQDS__size);
+
+		if (start) {
+			start = 0;
+			play_banks_submitted = 0;
+		}
+
+		/* Get our digital audio queue struct */
+		DAQD = bank_num * DAQDS__size + chip->mappedbase +
+			DAPQ_DATA_BUFF;
+
+		/* Write size of this bank */
+		writew(chip->play_period_bytes, DAQD + DAQDS_wSize);
+		if (play_banks_submitted < 3)
+			++play_banks_submitted;
+		else if (chip->playPeriods == 2) {
+			unsigned short offset = chip->play_period_bytes;
+
+			if (readw(DAQD + DAQDS_wStart) != PCTODSP_BASED(0x0))
+				offset = 0;
+
+			writew(PCTODSP_BASED(offset), DAQD + DAQDS_wStart);
+		}
+		++nbanks;
+
+		/* Then advance the tail */
+		DAPQ_tail = (++bank_num % 3) * PCTODSP_OFFSET(DAQDS__size);
+		writew(DAPQ_tail, chip->DAPQ + JQS_wTail);
+		/* Tell the DSP to play the bank */
+		snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_PLAY_START);
+		if (protect)
+			if (2 == bank_num)
+				break;
+	}
+	/* spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->lock, flags); not necessary */
+	return nbanks;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_DAPQ);
+
+static void snd_msnd_play_reset_queue(struct snd_msnd *chip,
+				      unsigned int pcm_periods,
+				      unsigned int pcm_count)
+{
+	int	n;
+	void	__iomem *pDAQ = chip->mappedbase + DAPQ_DATA_BUFF;
+
+	chip->last_playbank = -1;
+	chip->playLimit = pcm_count * (pcm_periods - 1);
+	chip->playPeriods = pcm_periods;
+	writew(PCTODSP_OFFSET(0 * DAQDS__size), chip->DAPQ + JQS_wHead);
+	writew(PCTODSP_OFFSET(0 * DAQDS__size), chip->DAPQ + JQS_wTail);
+
+	chip->play_period_bytes = pcm_count;
+
+	for (n = 0; n < pcm_periods; ++n, pDAQ += DAQDS__size) {
+		writew(PCTODSP_BASED((u32)(pcm_count * n)),
+			pDAQ + DAQDS_wStart);
+		writew(0, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSize);
+		writew(1, pDAQ + DAQDS_wFormat);
+		writew(chip->play_sample_size, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleSize);
+		writew(chip->play_channels, pDAQ + DAQDS_wChannels);
+		writew(chip->play_sample_rate, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleRate);
+		writew(HIMT_PLAY_DONE * 0x100 + n, pDAQ + DAQDS_wIntMsg);
+		writew(n, pDAQ + DAQDS_wFlags);
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_msnd_capture_reset_queue(struct snd_msnd *chip,
+					 unsigned int pcm_periods,
+					 unsigned int pcm_count)
+{
+	int		n;
+	void		__iomem *pDAQ;
+
+	/* snd_msnd_init_queue(chip->DARQ, DARQ_DATA_BUFF, DARQ_BUFF_SIZE); */
+
+	chip->last_recbank = 2;
+	chip->captureLimit = pcm_count * (pcm_periods - 1);
+	chip->capturePeriods = pcm_periods;
+	writew(PCTODSP_OFFSET(0 * DAQDS__size), chip->DARQ + JQS_wHead);
+	writew(PCTODSP_OFFSET(chip->last_recbank * DAQDS__size),
+		chip->DARQ + JQS_wTail);
+
+#if 0 /* Critical section: bank 1 access. this is how the OSS driver does it:*/
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->lock) {
+		outb(HPBLKSEL_1, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+		memset_io(chip->mappedbase, 0, DAR_BUFF_SIZE * 3);
+		outb(HPBLKSEL_0, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+	}
+#endif
+
+	chip->capturePeriodBytes = pcm_count;
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "%s() %i\n", __func__, pcm_count);
+
+	pDAQ = chip->mappedbase + DARQ_DATA_BUFF;
+
+	for (n = 0; n < pcm_periods; ++n, pDAQ += DAQDS__size) {
+		u32 tmp = pcm_count * n;
+
+		writew(PCTODSP_BASED(tmp + 0x3000), pDAQ + DAQDS_wStart);
+		writew(pcm_count, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSize);
+		writew(1, pDAQ + DAQDS_wFormat);
+		writew(chip->capture_sample_size, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleSize);
+		writew(chip->capture_channels, pDAQ + DAQDS_wChannels);
+		writew(chip->capture_sample_rate, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleRate);
+		writew(HIMT_RECORD_DONE * 0x100 + n, pDAQ + DAQDS_wIntMsg);
+		writew(n, pDAQ + DAQDS_wFlags);
+	}
+}
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_msnd_playback = {
+	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_IOMEM |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BATCH,
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		8000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	0x3000,
+	.period_bytes_min =	0x40,
+	.period_bytes_max =	0x1800,
+	.periods_min =		2,
+	.periods_max =		3,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_msnd_capture = {
+	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_IOMEM |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
+				SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BATCH,
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		8000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	0x3000,
+	.period_bytes_min =	0x40,
+	.period_bytes_max =	0x1800,
+	.periods_min =		2,
+	.periods_max =		3,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+
+static int snd_msnd_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	set_bit(F_AUDIO_WRITE_INUSE, &chip->flags);
+	clear_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags);
+	snd_msnd_enable_irq(chip);
+
+	runtime->dma_area = (__force void *)chip->mappedbase;
+	runtime->dma_addr = chip->base;
+	runtime->dma_bytes = 0x3000;
+
+	chip->playback_substream = substream;
+	runtime->hw = snd_msnd_playback;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	snd_msnd_disable_irq(chip);
+	clear_bit(F_AUDIO_WRITE_INUSE, &chip->flags);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int snd_msnd_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params)
+{
+	int	i;
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	void	__iomem *pDAQ =	chip->mappedbase + DAPQ_DATA_BUFF;
+
+	chip->play_sample_size = snd_pcm_format_width(params_format(params));
+	chip->play_channels = params_channels(params);
+	chip->play_sample_rate = params_rate(params);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i, pDAQ += DAQDS__size) {
+		writew(chip->play_sample_size, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleSize);
+		writew(chip->play_channels, pDAQ + DAQDS_wChannels);
+		writew(chip->play_sample_rate, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleRate);
+	}
+	/* dont do this here:
+	 * snd_msnd_calibrate_adc(chip->play_sample_rate);
+	 */
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	unsigned int pcm_size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int pcm_count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int pcm_periods = pcm_size / pcm_count;
+
+	snd_msnd_play_reset_queue(chip, pcm_periods, pcm_count);
+	chip->playDMAPos = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_playback_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				     int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "%s(START)\n", __func__);
+		chip->banksPlayed = 0;
+		set_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags);
+		snd_msnd_DAPQ(chip, 1);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "%s(STOP)\n", __func__);
+		clear_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags);
+		snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_PLAY_STOP);
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "%s(?????)\n", __func__);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "%s() ENDE\n", __func__);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t
+snd_msnd_playback_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, chip->playDMAPos);
+}
+
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_msnd_playback_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_msnd_playback_open,
+	.close =	snd_msnd_playback_close,
+	.hw_params =	snd_msnd_playback_hw_params,
+	.prepare =	snd_msnd_playback_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_msnd_playback_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_msnd_playback_pointer,
+	.mmap =		snd_pcm_lib_mmap_iomem,
+};
+
+static int snd_msnd_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	set_bit(F_AUDIO_READ_INUSE, &chip->flags);
+	snd_msnd_enable_irq(chip);
+	runtime->dma_area = (__force void *)chip->mappedbase + 0x3000;
+	runtime->dma_addr = chip->base + 0x3000;
+	runtime->dma_bytes = 0x3000;
+	memset(runtime->dma_area, 0, runtime->dma_bytes);
+	chip->capture_substream = substream;
+	runtime->hw = snd_msnd_capture;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_capture_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	snd_msnd_disable_irq(chip);
+	clear_bit(F_AUDIO_READ_INUSE, &chip->flags);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	unsigned int pcm_size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int pcm_count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int pcm_periods = pcm_size / pcm_count;
+
+	snd_msnd_capture_reset_queue(chip, pcm_periods, pcm_count);
+	chip->captureDMAPos = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_capture_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				    int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+		chip->last_recbank = -1;
+		set_bit(F_READING, &chip->flags);
+		if (snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_RECORD_START) == 0)
+			return 0;
+
+		clear_bit(F_READING, &chip->flags);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
+		clear_bit(F_READING, &chip->flags);
+		snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_RECORD_STOP);
+		return 0;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t
+snd_msnd_capture_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	return bytes_to_frames(runtime, chip->captureDMAPos);
+}
+
+
+static int snd_msnd_capture_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params)
+{
+	int		i;
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	void		__iomem *pDAQ = chip->mappedbase + DARQ_DATA_BUFF;
+
+	chip->capture_sample_size = snd_pcm_format_width(params_format(params));
+	chip->capture_channels = params_channels(params);
+	chip->capture_sample_rate = params_rate(params);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i, pDAQ += DAQDS__size) {
+		writew(chip->capture_sample_size, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleSize);
+		writew(chip->capture_channels, pDAQ + DAQDS_wChannels);
+		writew(chip->capture_sample_rate, pDAQ + DAQDS_wSampleRate);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_msnd_capture_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_msnd_capture_open,
+	.close =	snd_msnd_capture_close,
+	.hw_params =	snd_msnd_capture_hw_params,
+	.prepare =	snd_msnd_capture_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_msnd_capture_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_msnd_capture_pointer,
+	.mmap =		snd_pcm_lib_mmap_iomem,
+};
+
+
+int snd_msnd_pcm(struct snd_card *card, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_pcm	*pcm;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, "MSNDPINNACLE", device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_msnd_playback_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_msnd_capture_ops);
+
+	pcm->private_data = chip;
+	strscpy(pcm->name, "Hurricane");
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msnd_pcm);
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Common routines for Turtle Beach Multisound drivers");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.h b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..56a700e6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd.h
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
+/*********************************************************************
+ *
+ * msnd.h
+ *
+ * Turtle Beach MultiSound Sound Card Driver for Linux
+ *
+ * Some parts of this header file were derived from the Turtle Beach
+ * MultiSound Driver Development Kit.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
+ * Copyright (C) 1993 Turtle Beach Systems, Inc.
+ *
+ ********************************************************************/
+#ifndef __MSND_H
+#define __MSND_H
+
+#define DEFSAMPLERATE		44100
+#define DEFSAMPLESIZE		SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16
+#define DEFCHANNELS		1
+
+#define SRAM_BANK_SIZE		0x8000
+#define SRAM_CNTL_START		0x7F00
+#define SMA_STRUCT_START	0x7F40
+
+#define DSP_BASE_ADDR		0x4000
+#define DSP_BANK_BASE		0x4000
+
+#define AGND			0x01
+#define SIGNAL			0x02
+
+#define EXT_DSP_BIT_DCAL	0x0001
+#define EXT_DSP_BIT_MIDI_CON	0x0002
+
+#define BUFFSIZE		0x8000
+#define HOSTQ_SIZE		0x40
+
+#define DAP_BUFF_SIZE		0x2400
+
+#define DAPQ_STRUCT_SIZE	0x10
+#define DARQ_STRUCT_SIZE	0x10
+#define DAPQ_BUFF_SIZE		(3 * 0x10)
+#define DARQ_BUFF_SIZE		(3 * 0x10)
+#define MODQ_BUFF_SIZE		0x400
+
+#define DAPQ_DATA_BUFF		0x6C00
+#define DARQ_DATA_BUFF		0x6C30
+#define MODQ_DATA_BUFF		0x6C60
+#define MIDQ_DATA_BUFF		0x7060
+
+#define DAPQ_OFFSET		SRAM_CNTL_START
+#define DARQ_OFFSET		(SRAM_CNTL_START + 0x08)
+#define MODQ_OFFSET		(SRAM_CNTL_START + 0x10)
+#define MIDQ_OFFSET		(SRAM_CNTL_START + 0x18)
+#define DSPQ_OFFSET		(SRAM_CNTL_START + 0x20)
+
+#define	HP_ICR			0x00
+#define	HP_CVR			0x01
+#define	HP_ISR			0x02
+#define	HP_IVR			0x03
+#define HP_NU			0x04
+#define HP_INFO			0x04
+#define	HP_TXH			0x05
+#define	HP_RXH			0x05
+#define	HP_TXM			0x06
+#define	HP_RXM			0x06
+#define	HP_TXL			0x07
+#define	HP_RXL			0x07
+
+#define HP_ICR_DEF		0x00
+#define HP_CVR_DEF		0x12
+#define HP_ISR_DEF		0x06
+#define HP_IVR_DEF		0x0f
+#define HP_NU_DEF		0x00
+
+#define	HP_IRQM			0x09
+
+#define	HPR_BLRC		0x08
+#define	HPR_SPR1		0x09
+#define	HPR_SPR2		0x0A
+#define	HPR_TCL0		0x0B
+#define	HPR_TCL1		0x0C
+#define	HPR_TCL2		0x0D
+#define	HPR_TCL3		0x0E
+#define	HPR_TCL4		0x0F
+
+#define	HPICR_INIT		0x80
+#define HPICR_HM1		0x40
+#define HPICR_HM0		0x20
+#define HPICR_HF1		0x10
+#define HPICR_HF0		0x08
+#define	HPICR_TREQ		0x02
+#define	HPICR_RREQ		0x01
+
+#define HPCVR_HC		0x80
+
+#define	HPISR_HREQ		0x80
+#define HPISR_DMA		0x40
+#define HPISR_HF3		0x10
+#define HPISR_HF2		0x08
+#define	HPISR_TRDY		0x04
+#define	HPISR_TXDE		0x02
+#define	HPISR_RXDF		0x01
+
+#define	HPIO_290		0
+#define	HPIO_260		1
+#define	HPIO_250		2
+#define	HPIO_240		3
+#define	HPIO_230		4
+#define	HPIO_220		5
+#define	HPIO_210		6
+#define	HPIO_3E0		7
+
+#define	HPMEM_NONE		0
+#define	HPMEM_B000		1
+#define	HPMEM_C800		2
+#define	HPMEM_D000		3
+#define	HPMEM_D400		4
+#define	HPMEM_D800		5
+#define	HPMEM_E000		6
+#define	HPMEM_E800		7
+
+#define	HPIRQ_NONE		0
+#define HPIRQ_5			1
+#define HPIRQ_7			2
+#define HPIRQ_9			3
+#define HPIRQ_10		4
+#define HPIRQ_11		5
+#define HPIRQ_12		6
+#define HPIRQ_15		7
+
+#define	HIMT_PLAY_DONE		0x00
+#define	HIMT_RECORD_DONE	0x01
+#define	HIMT_MIDI_EOS		0x02
+#define	HIMT_MIDI_OUT		0x03
+
+#define	HIMT_MIDI_IN_UCHAR	0x0E
+#define	HIMT_DSP		0x0F
+
+#define	HDEX_BASE	       	0x92
+#define	HDEX_PLAY_START		(0 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_PLAY_STOP		(1 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_PLAY_PAUSE		(2 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_PLAY_RESUME	(3 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_RECORD_START	(4 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_RECORD_STOP	(5 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_MIDI_IN_START 	(6 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_MIDI_IN_STOP	(7 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_MIDI_OUT_START	(8 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_MIDI_OUT_STOP	(9 + HDEX_BASE)
+#define	HDEX_AUX_REQ		(10 + HDEX_BASE)
+
+#define	HDEXAR_CLEAR_PEAKS	1
+#define	HDEXAR_IN_SET_POTS	2
+#define	HDEXAR_AUX_SET_POTS	3
+#define	HDEXAR_CAL_A_TO_D	4
+#define	HDEXAR_RD_EXT_DSP_BITS	5
+
+/* Pinnacle only HDEXAR defs */
+#define	HDEXAR_SET_ANA_IN	0
+#define	HDEXAR_SET_SYNTH_IN	4
+#define	HDEXAR_READ_DAT_IN	5
+#define	HDEXAR_MIC_SET_POTS	6
+#define	HDEXAR_SET_DAT_IN	7
+
+#define HDEXAR_SET_SYNTH_48	8
+#define HDEXAR_SET_SYNTH_44	9
+
+#define HIWORD(l)		((u16)((((u32)(l)) >> 16) & 0xFFFF))
+#define LOWORD(l)		((u16)(u32)(l))
+#define HIBYTE(w)		((u8)(((u16)(w) >> 8) & 0xFF))
+#define LOBYTE(w)		((u8)(w))
+#define MAKELONG(low, hi)	((long)(((u16)(low))|(((u32)((u16)(hi)))<<16)))
+#define MAKEWORD(low, hi)	((u16)(((u8)(low))|(((u16)((u8)(hi)))<<8)))
+
+#define PCTODSP_OFFSET(w)	(u16)((w)/2)
+#define PCTODSP_BASED(w)	(u16)(((w)/2) + DSP_BASE_ADDR)
+#define DSPTOPC_BASED(w)	(((w) - DSP_BASE_ADDR) * 2)
+
+#ifdef SLOWIO
+#  undef outb
+#  undef inb
+#  define outb			outb_p
+#  define inb			inb_p
+#endif
+
+/* JobQueueStruct */
+#define JQS_wStart		0x00
+#define JQS_wSize		0x02
+#define JQS_wHead		0x04
+#define JQS_wTail		0x06
+#define JQS__size		0x08
+
+/* DAQueueDataStruct */
+#define DAQDS_wStart		0x00
+#define DAQDS_wSize		0x02
+#define DAQDS_wFormat		0x04
+#define DAQDS_wSampleSize	0x06
+#define DAQDS_wChannels		0x08
+#define DAQDS_wSampleRate	0x0A
+#define DAQDS_wIntMsg		0x0C
+#define DAQDS_wFlags		0x0E
+#define DAQDS__size		0x10
+
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+
+struct snd_msnd {
+	void __iomem		*mappedbase;
+	int			play_period_bytes;
+	int			playLimit;
+	int			playPeriods;
+	int 			playDMAPos;
+	int			banksPlayed;
+	int 			captureDMAPos;
+	int			capturePeriodBytes;
+	int			captureLimit;
+	int			capturePeriods;
+	struct snd_card		*card;
+	struct snd_rawmidi	*rmidi;
+
+	/* Hardware resources */
+	long io;
+	int memid, irqid;
+	int irq, irq_ref;
+	unsigned long base;
+
+	/* Motorola 56k DSP SMA */
+	void __iomem	*SMA;
+	void __iomem	*DAPQ;
+	void __iomem	*DARQ;
+	void __iomem	*MODQ;
+	void __iomem	*MIDQ;
+	void __iomem	*DSPQ;
+	int dspq_data_buff, dspq_buff_size;
+
+	/* State variables */
+	enum { msndClassic, msndPinnacle } type;
+	fmode_t mode;
+	unsigned long flags;
+#define F_RESETTING			0
+#define F_HAVEDIGITAL			1
+#define F_AUDIO_WRITE_INUSE		2
+#define F_WRITING			3
+#define F_WRITEBLOCK			4
+#define F_WRITEFLUSH			5
+#define F_AUDIO_READ_INUSE		6
+#define F_READING			7
+#define F_READBLOCK			8
+#define F_EXT_MIDI_INUSE		9
+#define F_HDR_MIDI_INUSE		10
+#define F_DISABLE_WRITE_NDELAY		11
+	spinlock_t lock;
+	spinlock_t mixer_lock;
+	int nresets;
+	unsigned recsrc;
+	u8 pm_recsrc;
+	bool pm_mpu_input;
+#define LEVEL_ENTRIES 32
+	int left_levels[LEVEL_ENTRIES];
+	int right_levels[LEVEL_ENTRIES];
+	int calibrate_signal;
+	int play_sample_size, play_sample_rate, play_channels;
+	int play_ndelay;
+	int capture_sample_size, capture_sample_rate, capture_channels;
+	int capture_ndelay;
+	u8 bCurrentMidiPatch;
+
+	int last_playbank, last_recbank;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *playback_substream;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *capture_substream;
+
+};
+
+void snd_msnd_init_queue(void __iomem *base, int start, int size);
+
+int snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(struct snd_msnd *chip, u8 cmd);
+int snd_msnd_send_word(struct snd_msnd *chip,
+			   unsigned char high,
+			   unsigned char mid,
+			   unsigned char low);
+int snd_msnd_upload_host(struct snd_msnd *chip,
+			     const u8 *bin, int len);
+int snd_msnd_enable_irq(struct snd_msnd *chip);
+int snd_msnd_disable_irq(struct snd_msnd *chip);
+int snd_msnd_force_irq(struct snd_msnd *chip, bool enable);
+void snd_msnd_dsp_halt(struct snd_msnd *chip, struct file *file);
+int snd_msnd_DAPQ(struct snd_msnd *chip, int start);
+int snd_msnd_DARQ(struct snd_msnd *chip, int start);
+int snd_msnd_pcm(struct snd_card *card, int device);
+
+void snd_msndmix_setup(struct snd_msnd *chip);
+int snd_msndmix_new(struct snd_card *card);
+int snd_msndmix_force_recsrc(struct snd_msnd *chip, int recsrc);
+#endif /* __MSND_H */
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.c b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9c37c9fb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/* The work is in msnd_pinnacle.c, just define MSND_CLASSIC before it. */
+#define MSND_CLASSIC
+#include "msnd_pinnacle.c"
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.h b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..74d2b9af4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_classic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
+/*********************************************************************
+ *
+ * msnd_classic.h
+ *
+ * Turtle Beach MultiSound Sound Card Driver for Linux
+ *
+ * Some parts of this header file were derived from the Turtle Beach
+ * MultiSound Driver Development Kit.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
+ * Copyright (C) 1993 Turtle Beach Systems, Inc.
+ *
+ ********************************************************************/
+#ifndef __MSND_CLASSIC_H
+#define __MSND_CLASSIC_H
+
+#define DSP_NUMIO				0x10
+
+#define	HP_MEMM					0x08
+
+#define	HP_BITM					0x0E
+#define	HP_WAIT					0x0D
+#define	HP_DSPR					0x0A
+#define	HP_PROR					0x0B
+#define	HP_BLKS					0x0C
+
+#define	HPPRORESET_OFF				0
+#define HPPRORESET_ON				1
+
+#define HPDSPRESET_OFF				0
+#define HPDSPRESET_ON				1
+
+#define HPBLKSEL_0				0
+#define HPBLKSEL_1				1
+
+#define HPWAITSTATE_0				0
+#define HPWAITSTATE_1				1
+
+#define HPBITMODE_16				0
+#define HPBITMODE_8				1
+
+#define	HIDSP_INT_PLAY_UNDER			0x00
+#define	HIDSP_INT_RECORD_OVER			0x01
+#define	HIDSP_INPUT_CLIPPING			0x02
+#define	HIDSP_MIDI_IN_OVER			0x10
+#define	HIDSP_MIDI_OVERRUN_ERR  0x13
+
+#define TIME_PRO_RESET_DONE			0x028A
+#define TIME_PRO_SYSEX				0x0040
+#define TIME_PRO_RESET				0x0032
+
+#define DAR_BUFF_SIZE				0x2000
+
+#define MIDQ_BUFF_SIZE				0x200
+#define DSPQ_BUFF_SIZE				0x40
+
+#define DSPQ_DATA_BUFF				0x7260
+
+#define MOP_SYNTH				0x10
+#define MOP_EXTOUT				0x32
+#define MOP_EXTTHRU				0x02
+#define MOP_OUTMASK				0x01
+
+#define MIP_EXTIN				0x01
+#define MIP_SYNTH				0x00
+#define MIP_INMASK				0x32
+
+/* Classic SMA Common Data */
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayBytes			0x0000
+#define SMA_wCurrRecordBytes			0x0002
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayVolLeft			0x0004
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayVolRight			0x0006
+#define SMA_wCurrInVolLeft			0x0008
+#define SMA_wCurrInVolRight			0x000a
+#define SMA_wUser_3				0x000c
+#define SMA_wUser_4				0x000e
+#define SMA_dwUser_5				0x0010
+#define SMA_dwUser_6				0x0014
+#define SMA_wUser_7				0x0018
+#define SMA_wReserved_A				0x001a
+#define SMA_wReserved_B				0x001c
+#define SMA_wReserved_C				0x001e
+#define SMA_wReserved_D				0x0020
+#define SMA_wReserved_E				0x0022
+#define SMA_wReserved_F				0x0024
+#define SMA_wReserved_G				0x0026
+#define SMA_wReserved_H				0x0028
+#define SMA_wCurrDSPStatusFlags			0x002a
+#define SMA_wCurrHostStatusFlags		0x002c
+#define SMA_wCurrInputTagBits			0x002e
+#define SMA_wCurrLeftPeak			0x0030
+#define SMA_wCurrRightPeak			0x0032
+#define SMA_wExtDSPbits				0x0034
+#define SMA_bExtHostbits			0x0036
+#define SMA_bBoardLevel				0x0037
+#define SMA_bInPotPosRight			0x0038
+#define SMA_bInPotPosLeft			0x0039
+#define SMA_bAuxPotPosRight			0x003a
+#define SMA_bAuxPotPosLeft			0x003b
+#define SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft			0x003c
+#define SMA_wCurrMastVolRight			0x003e
+#define SMA_bUser_12				0x0040
+#define SMA_bUser_13				0x0041
+#define SMA_wUser_14				0x0042
+#define SMA_wUser_15				0x0044
+#define SMA_wCalFreqAtoD			0x0046
+#define SMA_wUser_16				0x0048
+#define SMA_wUser_17				0x004a
+#define SMA__size				0x004c
+
+#define INITCODEFILE		"turtlebeach/msndinit.bin"
+#define PERMCODEFILE		"turtlebeach/msndperm.bin"
+#define LONGNAME		"MultiSound (Classic/Monterey/Tahiti)"
+
+#endif /* __MSND_CLASSIC_H */
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.c b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eac6e2236
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1249 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*********************************************************************
+ *
+ * Linux multisound pinnacle/fiji driver for ALSA.
+ *
+ * 2002/06/30 Karsten Wiese:
+ *	for now this is only used to build a pinnacle / fiji driver.
+ *	the OSS parent of this code is designed to also support
+ *	the multisound classic via the file msnd_classic.c.
+ *	to make it easier for some brave heart to implemt classic
+ *	support in alsa, i left all the MSND_CLASSIC tokens in this file.
+ *	but for now this untested & undone.
+ *
+ * ripped from linux kernel 2.4.18 by Karsten Wiese.
+ *
+ * the following is a copy of the 2.4.18 OSS FREE file-heading comment:
+ *
+ * Turtle Beach MultiSound Sound Card Driver for Linux
+ * msnd_pinnacle.c / msnd_classic.c
+ *
+ * -- If MSND_CLASSIC is defined:
+ *
+ *     -> driver for Turtle Beach Classic/Monterey/Tahiti
+ *
+ * -- Else
+ *
+ *     -> driver for Turtle Beach Pinnacle/Fiji
+ *
+ * 12-3-2000  Modified IO port validation  Steve Sycamore
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
+ *
+ ********************************************************************/
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/firmware.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/isapnp.h>
+#include <linux/irq.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/asound.h>
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+# ifndef __alpha__
+#  define SLOWIO
+# endif
+#endif
+#include "msnd.h"
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+#  include "msnd_classic.h"
+#  define LOGNAME			"msnd_classic"
+#  define DEV_NAME			"msnd-classic"
+#else
+#  include "msnd_pinnacle.h"
+#  define LOGNAME			"snd_msnd_pinnacle"
+#  define DEV_NAME			"msnd-pinnacle"
+#endif
+
+static void set_default_audio_parameters(struct snd_msnd *chip)
+{
+	chip->play_sample_size = snd_pcm_format_width(DEFSAMPLESIZE);
+	chip->play_sample_rate = DEFSAMPLERATE;
+	chip->play_channels = DEFCHANNELS;
+	chip->capture_sample_size = snd_pcm_format_width(DEFSAMPLESIZE);
+	chip->capture_sample_rate = DEFSAMPLERATE;
+	chip->capture_channels = DEFCHANNELS;
+}
+
+static void snd_msnd_eval_dsp_msg(struct snd_msnd *chip, u16 wMessage)
+{
+	switch (HIBYTE(wMessage)) {
+	case HIMT_PLAY_DONE: {
+		if (chip->banksPlayed < 3)
+			dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "%08X: HIMT_PLAY_DONE: %i\n",
+				(unsigned)jiffies, LOBYTE(wMessage));
+
+		if (chip->last_playbank == LOBYTE(wMessage)) {
+			dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+				"chip.last_playbank == LOBYTE(wMessage)\n");
+			break;
+		}
+		chip->banksPlayed++;
+
+		if (test_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags))
+			snd_msnd_DAPQ(chip, 0);
+
+		chip->last_playbank = LOBYTE(wMessage);
+		chip->playDMAPos += chip->play_period_bytes;
+		if (chip->playDMAPos > chip->playLimit)
+			chip->playDMAPos = 0;
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->playback_substream);
+
+		break;
+	}
+	case HIMT_RECORD_DONE:
+		if (chip->last_recbank == LOBYTE(wMessage))
+			break;
+		chip->last_recbank = LOBYTE(wMessage);
+		chip->captureDMAPos += chip->capturePeriodBytes;
+		if (chip->captureDMAPos > (chip->captureLimit))
+			chip->captureDMAPos = 0;
+
+		if (test_bit(F_READING, &chip->flags))
+			snd_msnd_DARQ(chip, chip->last_recbank);
+
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->capture_substream);
+		break;
+
+	case HIMT_DSP:
+		switch (LOBYTE(wMessage)) {
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+		case HIDSP_PLAY_UNDER:
+#endif
+		case HIDSP_INT_PLAY_UNDER:
+			dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+				LOGNAME ": Play underflow %i\n",
+				chip->banksPlayed);
+			if (chip->banksPlayed > 2)
+				clear_bit(F_WRITING, &chip->flags);
+			break;
+
+		case HIDSP_INT_RECORD_OVER:
+			dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, LOGNAME ": Record overflow\n");
+			clear_bit(F_READING, &chip->flags);
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, LOGNAME
+				": DSP message %d 0x%02x\n",
+				LOBYTE(wMessage), LOBYTE(wMessage));
+			break;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, LOGNAME ": HIMT message %d 0x%02x\n",
+			HIBYTE(wMessage), HIBYTE(wMessage));
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_msnd_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = dev_id;
+	void __iomem *pwDSPQData = chip->mappedbase + DSPQ_DATA_BUFF;
+	u16 head, tail, size;
+
+	/* Send ack to DSP */
+	/* inb(chip->io + HP_RXL); */
+
+	/* Evaluate queued DSP messages */
+	head = readw(chip->DSPQ + JQS_wHead);
+	tail = readw(chip->DSPQ + JQS_wTail);
+	size = readw(chip->DSPQ + JQS_wSize);
+	if (head > size || tail > size)
+		goto out;
+	while (head != tail) {
+		snd_msnd_eval_dsp_msg(chip, readw(pwDSPQData + 2 * head));
+		if (++head > size)
+			head = 0;
+		writew(head, chip->DSPQ + JQS_wHead);
+	}
+ out:
+	/* Send ack to DSP */
+	inb(chip->io + HP_RXL);
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+
+static int snd_msnd_reset_dsp(struct snd_msnd *chip, unsigned char *info)
+{
+	long io = chip->io;
+	int timeout = 100;
+
+	outb(HPDSPRESET_ON, io + HP_DSPR);
+	msleep(1);
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	if (info)
+		*info = inb(io + HP_INFO);
+#endif
+	outb(HPDSPRESET_OFF, io + HP_DSPR);
+	msleep(1);
+	while (timeout-- > 0) {
+		if (inb(io + HP_CVR) == HP_CVR_DEF)
+			return 0;
+		msleep(1);
+	}
+	dev_err(chip->card->dev, LOGNAME ": Cannot reset DSP\n");
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_probe(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	unsigned char info;
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	char *xv, *rev = NULL;
+	char *pin = "TB Pinnacle", *fiji = "TB Fiji";
+	char *pinfiji = "TB Pinnacle/Fiji";
+#endif
+
+	if (!request_region(chip->io, DSP_NUMIO, "probing")) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, LOGNAME ": I/O port conflict\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	if (snd_msnd_reset_dsp(chip, &info) < 0) {
+		release_region(chip->io, DSP_NUMIO);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+	strscpy(card->shortname, "Classic/Tahiti/Monterey");
+	strscpy(card->longname, "Turtle Beach Multisound");
+	dev_info(card->dev, LOGNAME ": %s, "
+	       "I/O 0x%lx-0x%lx, IRQ %d, memory mapped to 0x%lX-0x%lX\n",
+	       card->shortname,
+	       chip->io, chip->io + DSP_NUMIO - 1,
+	       chip->irq,
+	       chip->base, chip->base + 0x7fff);
+#else
+	switch (info >> 4) {
+	case 0xf:
+		xv = "<= 1.15";
+		break;
+	case 0x1:
+		xv = "1.18/1.2";
+		break;
+	case 0x2:
+		xv = "1.3";
+		break;
+	case 0x3:
+		xv = "1.4";
+		break;
+	default:
+		xv = "unknown";
+		break;
+	}
+
+	switch (info & 0x7) {
+	case 0x0:
+		rev = "I";
+		strscpy(card->shortname, pin);
+		break;
+	case 0x1:
+		rev = "F";
+		strscpy(card->shortname, pin);
+		break;
+	case 0x2:
+		rev = "G";
+		strscpy(card->shortname, pin);
+		break;
+	case 0x3:
+		rev = "H";
+		strscpy(card->shortname, pin);
+		break;
+	case 0x4:
+		rev = "E";
+		strscpy(card->shortname, fiji);
+		break;
+	case 0x5:
+		rev = "C";
+		strscpy(card->shortname, fiji);
+		break;
+	case 0x6:
+		rev = "D";
+		strscpy(card->shortname, fiji);
+		break;
+	case 0x7:
+		rev = "A-B (Fiji) or A-E (Pinnacle)";
+		strscpy(card->shortname, pinfiji);
+		break;
+	}
+	strscpy(card->longname, "Turtle Beach Multisound Pinnacle");
+	dev_info(card->dev, LOGNAME ": %s revision %s, Xilinx version %s, "
+	       "I/O 0x%lx-0x%lx, IRQ %d, memory mapped to 0x%lX-0x%lX\n",
+	       card->shortname,
+	       rev, xv,
+	       chip->io, chip->io + DSP_NUMIO - 1,
+	       chip->irq,
+	       chip->base, chip->base + 0x7fff);
+#endif
+
+	release_region(chip->io, DSP_NUMIO);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_init_sma(struct snd_msnd *chip)
+{
+	static int initted;
+	u16 mastVolLeft, mastVolRight;
+
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+	outb(chip->memid, chip->io + HP_MEMM);
+#endif
+	outb(HPBLKSEL_0, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+	/* Motorola 56k shared memory base */
+	chip->SMA = chip->mappedbase + SMA_STRUCT_START;
+
+	if (initted) {
+		mastVolLeft = readw(chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft);
+		mastVolRight = readw(chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolRight);
+	} else
+		mastVolLeft = mastVolRight = 0;
+	memset_io(chip->mappedbase, 0, 0x8000);
+
+	/* Critical section: bank 1 access */
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->lock) {
+		outb(HPBLKSEL_1, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+		memset_io(chip->mappedbase, 0, 0x8000);
+		outb(HPBLKSEL_0, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+	}
+
+	/* Digital audio play queue */
+	chip->DAPQ = chip->mappedbase + DAPQ_OFFSET;
+	snd_msnd_init_queue(chip->DAPQ, DAPQ_DATA_BUFF, DAPQ_BUFF_SIZE);
+
+	/* Digital audio record queue */
+	chip->DARQ = chip->mappedbase + DARQ_OFFSET;
+	snd_msnd_init_queue(chip->DARQ, DARQ_DATA_BUFF, DARQ_BUFF_SIZE);
+
+	/* MIDI out queue */
+	chip->MODQ = chip->mappedbase + MODQ_OFFSET;
+	snd_msnd_init_queue(chip->MODQ, MODQ_DATA_BUFF, MODQ_BUFF_SIZE);
+
+	/* MIDI in queue */
+	chip->MIDQ = chip->mappedbase + MIDQ_OFFSET;
+	snd_msnd_init_queue(chip->MIDQ, MIDQ_DATA_BUFF, MIDQ_BUFF_SIZE);
+
+	/* DSP -> host message queue */
+	chip->DSPQ = chip->mappedbase + DSPQ_OFFSET;
+	snd_msnd_init_queue(chip->DSPQ, DSPQ_DATA_BUFF, DSPQ_BUFF_SIZE);
+
+	/* Setup some DSP values */
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	writew(1, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrPlayFormat);
+	writew(chip->play_sample_size, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrPlaySampleSize);
+	writew(chip->play_channels, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrPlayChannels);
+	writew(chip->play_sample_rate, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrPlaySampleRate);
+#endif
+	writew(chip->play_sample_rate, chip->SMA + SMA_wCalFreqAtoD);
+	writew(mastVolLeft, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft);
+	writew(mastVolRight, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolRight);
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	writel(0x00010000, chip->SMA + SMA_dwCurrPlayPitch);
+	writel(0x00000001, chip->SMA + SMA_dwCurrPlayRate);
+#endif
+	writew(0x303, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrInputTagBits);
+
+	initted = 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int upload_dsp_code(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	const struct firmware *init_fw __free(firmware) = NULL;
+	const struct firmware *perm_fw __free(firmware) = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	outb(HPBLKSEL_0, chip->io + HP_BLKS);
+
+	err = request_firmware(&init_fw, INITCODEFILE, card->dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, LOGNAME ": Error loading " INITCODEFILE);
+		return err;
+	}
+	err = request_firmware(&perm_fw, PERMCODEFILE, card->dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, LOGNAME ": Error loading " PERMCODEFILE);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	memcpy_toio(chip->mappedbase, perm_fw->data, perm_fw->size);
+	if (snd_msnd_upload_host(chip, init_fw->data, init_fw->size) < 0) {
+		dev_warn(card->dev, LOGNAME ": Error uploading to DSP\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	dev_info(card->dev, LOGNAME ": DSP firmware uploaded\n");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+static void reset_proteus(struct snd_msnd *chip)
+{
+	outb(HPPRORESET_ON, chip->io + HP_PROR);
+	msleep(TIME_PRO_RESET);
+	outb(HPPRORESET_OFF, chip->io + HP_PROR);
+	msleep(TIME_PRO_RESET_DONE);
+}
+#endif
+
+static int snd_msnd_initialize(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	int err, timeout;
+
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+	outb(HPWAITSTATE_0, chip->io + HP_WAIT);
+	outb(HPBITMODE_16, chip->io + HP_BITM);
+
+	reset_proteus(chip);
+#endif
+	err = snd_msnd_init_sma(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_warn(card->dev, LOGNAME ": Cannot initialize SMA\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_msnd_reset_dsp(chip, NULL);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = upload_dsp_code(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_warn(card->dev, LOGNAME ": Cannot upload DSP code\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	timeout = 200;
+
+	while (readw(chip->mappedbase)) {
+		msleep(1);
+		if (!timeout--) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, LOGNAME ": DSP reset timeout\n");
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+	}
+
+	snd_msndmix_setup(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_dsp_full_reset(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	int rv;
+
+	if (test_bit(F_RESETTING, &chip->flags) || ++chip->nresets > 10)
+		return 0;
+
+	set_bit(F_RESETTING, &chip->flags);
+	snd_msnd_dsp_halt(chip, NULL);	/* Unconditionally halt */
+
+	rv = snd_msnd_initialize(card);
+	if (rv)
+		dev_warn(card->dev, LOGNAME ": DSP reset failed\n");
+	snd_msndmix_force_recsrc(chip, 0);
+	clear_bit(F_RESETTING, &chip->flags);
+	return rv;
+}
+
+
+static int snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd_chk(struct snd_msnd *chip, u8 cmd)
+{
+	if (snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, cmd) == 0)
+		return 0;
+	snd_msnd_dsp_full_reset(chip->card);
+	return snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, cmd);
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_calibrate_adc(struct snd_msnd *chip, u16 srate)
+{
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "snd_msnd_calibrate_adc(%i)\n", srate);
+	writew(srate, chip->SMA + SMA_wCalFreqAtoD);
+	if (chip->calibrate_signal == 0)
+		writew(readw(chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrHostStatusFlags)
+		       | 0x0001, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrHostStatusFlags);
+	else
+		writew(readw(chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrHostStatusFlags)
+		       & ~0x0001, chip->SMA + SMA_wCurrHostStatusFlags);
+	if (snd_msnd_send_word(chip, 0, 0, HDEXAR_CAL_A_TO_D) == 0 &&
+	    snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd_chk(chip, HDEX_AUX_REQ) == 0) {
+		schedule_timeout_interruptible(msecs_to_jiffies(333));
+		return 0;
+	}
+	dev_warn(chip->card->dev, LOGNAME ": ADC calibration failed\n");
+	return -EIO;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ALSA callback function, called when attempting to open the MIDI device.
+ */
+static int snd_msnd_mpu401_open(struct snd_mpu401 *mpu)
+{
+	snd_msnd_enable_irq(mpu->private_data);
+	snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(mpu->private_data, HDEX_MIDI_IN_START);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_msnd_mpu401_close(struct snd_mpu401 *mpu)
+{
+	snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(mpu->private_data, HDEX_MIDI_IN_STOP);
+	snd_msnd_disable_irq(mpu->private_data);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static u8 snd_msnd_pm_recsrc(struct snd_msnd *chip)
+{
+	/* Convert recsrc to the Capture Source selector: 0=Analog, 1=MASS, 2=SPDIF. */
+	if (chip->recsrc & BIT(4))
+		return 1;
+	if ((chip->recsrc & BIT(17)) &&
+	    test_bit(F_HAVEDIGITAL, &chip->flags))
+		return 2;
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static long mpu_io[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+
+static int snd_msnd_attach(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	int err;
+
+	err = devm_request_irq(card->dev, chip->irq, snd_msnd_interrupt, 0,
+			       card->shortname, chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, LOGNAME ": Couldn't grab IRQ %d\n", chip->irq);
+		return err;
+	}
+	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
+	if (!devm_request_region(card->dev, chip->io, DSP_NUMIO,
+				 card->shortname))
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	if (!devm_request_mem_region(card->dev, chip->base, BUFFSIZE,
+				     card->shortname)) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, LOGNAME
+			": unable to grab memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
+			chip->base, chip->base + BUFFSIZE - 1);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->mappedbase = devm_ioremap(card->dev, chip->base, 0x8000);
+	if (!chip->mappedbase) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, LOGNAME
+			": unable to map memory region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
+			chip->base, chip->base + BUFFSIZE - 1);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_msnd_dsp_full_reset(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_msnd_pcm(card, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, LOGNAME ": error creating new PCM device\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_msndmix_new(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, LOGNAME ": error creating new Mixer device\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+
+	if (mpu_io[0] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		struct snd_mpu401 *mpu;
+
+		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401,
+					  mpu_io[0],
+					  MPU401_MODE_INPUT |
+					  MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT,
+					  mpu_irq[0],
+					  &chip->rmidi);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, LOGNAME
+				": error creating new Midi device\n");
+			return err;
+		}
+		mpu = chip->rmidi->private_data;
+
+		mpu->open_input = snd_msnd_mpu401_open;
+		mpu->close_input = snd_msnd_mpu401_close;
+		mpu->private_data = chip;
+	}
+
+	disable_irq(chip->irq);
+	snd_msnd_calibrate_adc(chip, chip->play_sample_rate);
+	snd_msndmix_force_recsrc(chip, 0);
+
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+
+/* Pinnacle/Fiji Logical Device Configuration */
+
+static int snd_msnd_write_cfg(struct snd_msnd *chip, int cfg, int reg, int value)
+{
+	outb(reg, cfg);
+	outb(value, cfg + 1);
+	if (value != inb(cfg + 1)) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, LOGNAME ": %s: I/O error\n", __func__);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_write_cfg_io0(struct snd_msnd *chip, int cfg, int num, u16 io)
+{
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_LOGDEVICE, num))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_IO0_BASEHI, HIBYTE(io)))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_IO0_BASELO, LOBYTE(io)))
+		return -EIO;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_write_cfg_io1(struct snd_msnd *chip, int cfg, int num, u16 io)
+{
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_LOGDEVICE, num))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_IO1_BASEHI, HIBYTE(io)))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_IO1_BASELO, LOBYTE(io)))
+		return -EIO;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_write_cfg_irq(struct snd_msnd *chip, int cfg, int num, u16 irq)
+{
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_LOGDEVICE, num))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_IRQ_NUMBER, LOBYTE(irq)))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_IRQ_TYPE, IRQTYPE_EDGE))
+		return -EIO;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_write_cfg_mem(struct snd_msnd *chip, int cfg, int num, int mem)
+{
+	u16 wmem;
+
+	mem >>= 8;
+	wmem = (u16)(mem & 0xfff);
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_LOGDEVICE, num))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_MEMBASEHI, HIBYTE(wmem)))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_MEMBASELO, LOBYTE(wmem)))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (wmem && snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_MEMCONTROL,
+				       MEMTYPE_HIADDR | MEMTYPE_16BIT))
+		return -EIO;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_activate_logical(struct snd_msnd *chip, int cfg, int num)
+{
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_LOGDEVICE, num))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_ACTIVATE, LD_ACTIVATE))
+		return -EIO;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_write_cfg_logical(struct snd_msnd *chip,
+				      int cfg, int num, u16 io0,
+				      u16 io1, u16 irq, int mem)
+{
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg(chip, cfg, IREG_LOGDEVICE, num))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg_io0(chip, cfg, num, io0))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg_io1(chip, cfg, num, io1))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg_irq(chip, cfg, num, irq))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_write_cfg_mem(chip, cfg, num, mem))
+		return -EIO;
+	if (snd_msnd_activate_logical(chip, cfg, num))
+		return -EIO;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_pinnacle_cfg_reset(struct snd_msnd *chip, int cfg)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* Reset devices if told to */
+	dev_info(chip->card->dev, LOGNAME ": Resetting all devices\n");
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
+		if (snd_msnd_write_cfg_logical(chip, cfg, i, 0, 0, 0, 0))
+			return -EIO;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for msnd_pinnacle soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for msnd_pinnacle soundcard.");
+
+static long io[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+static long mem[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+static long cfg[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+
+/* Extra Peripheral Configuration (Default: Disable) */
+static long ide_io0[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static long ide_io1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static int ide_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+
+static long joystick_io[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+/* If we have the digital daugherboard... */
+static int digital[SNDRV_CARDS];
+
+/* Extra Peripheral Configuration */
+static int reset[SNDRV_CARDS];
+#endif
+
+static int write_ndelay[SNDRV_CARDS] = { [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)] = 1 };
+
+static int calibrate_signal;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static bool isapnp[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_PNP;
+module_param_array(isapnp, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(isapnp, "ISA PnP detection for specified soundcard.");
+#define has_isapnp(x) isapnp[x]
+#else
+#define has_isapnp(x) 0
+#endif
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Karsten Wiese <annabellesgarden@yahoo.de>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Turtle Beach " LONGNAME " Linux Driver");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_FIRMWARE(INITCODEFILE);
+MODULE_FIRMWARE(PERMCODEFILE);
+
+module_param_hw_array(io, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(io, "IO port #");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+module_param_hw_array(mem, long, iomem, NULL, 0444);
+module_param_array(write_ndelay, int, NULL, 0444);
+module_param(calibrate_signal, int, 0444);
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+module_param_array(digital, int, NULL, 0444);
+module_param_hw_array(cfg, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+module_param_array(reset, int, NULL, 0444);
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_io, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+module_param_hw_array(ide_io0, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+module_param_hw_array(ide_io1, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+module_param_hw_array(ide_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+module_param_hw_array(joystick_io, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+#endif
+
+
+static int snd_msnd_isa_match(struct device *pdev, unsigned int i)
+{
+	if (io[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (irq[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT || mem[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_warn(pdev, LOGNAME ": io, irq and mem must be set\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+	if (!(io[i] == 0x290 ||
+	      io[i] == 0x260 ||
+	      io[i] == 0x250 ||
+	      io[i] == 0x240 ||
+	      io[i] == 0x230 ||
+	      io[i] == 0x220 ||
+	      io[i] == 0x210 ||
+	      io[i] == 0x3e0)) {
+		dev_err(pdev, LOGNAME ": \"io\" - DSP I/O base must be set "
+			" to 0x210, 0x220, 0x230, 0x240, 0x250, 0x260, 0x290, "
+			"or 0x3E0\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+#else
+	if (io[i] < 0x100 || io[i] > 0x3e0 || (io[i] % 0x10) != 0) {
+		dev_err(pdev, LOGNAME
+			": \"io\" - DSP I/O base must within the range 0x100 "
+			"to 0x3E0 and must be evenly divisible by 0x10\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+#endif /* MSND_CLASSIC */
+
+	if (!(irq[i] == 5 ||
+	      irq[i] == 7 ||
+	      irq[i] == 9 ||
+	      irq[i] == 10 ||
+	      irq[i] == 11 ||
+	      irq[i] == 12)) {
+		dev_err(pdev, LOGNAME
+			": \"irq\" - must be set to 5, 7, 9, 10, 11 or 12\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!(mem[i] == 0xb0000 ||
+	      mem[i] == 0xc8000 ||
+	      mem[i] == 0xd0000 ||
+	      mem[i] == 0xd8000 ||
+	      mem[i] == 0xe0000 ||
+	      mem[i] == 0xe8000)) {
+		dev_err(pdev, LOGNAME ": \"mem\" - must be set to "
+		       "0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or "
+		       "0xe8000\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	if (cfg[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_info(pdev, LOGNAME ": Assuming PnP mode\n");
+	} else if (cfg[i] != 0x250 && cfg[i] != 0x260 && cfg[i] != 0x270) {
+		dev_info(pdev, LOGNAME
+			": Config port must be 0x250, 0x260 or 0x270 "
+			"(or unspecified for PnP mode)\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+#endif /* MSND_CLASSIC */
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_isa_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int idx)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_msnd *chip;
+
+	if (has_isapnp(idx)
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	    || cfg[idx] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT
+#endif
+	    ) {
+		dev_info(pdev, LOGNAME ": Assuming PnP mode\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(pdev, index[idx], id[idx], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_msnd), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	chip = card->private_data;
+	chip->card = card;
+
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+	switch (irq[idx]) {
+	case 5:
+		chip->irqid = HPIRQ_5; break;
+	case 7:
+		chip->irqid = HPIRQ_7; break;
+	case 9:
+		chip->irqid = HPIRQ_9; break;
+	case 10:
+		chip->irqid = HPIRQ_10; break;
+	case 11:
+		chip->irqid = HPIRQ_11; break;
+	case 12:
+		chip->irqid = HPIRQ_12; break;
+	}
+
+	switch (mem[idx]) {
+	case 0xb0000:
+		chip->memid = HPMEM_B000; break;
+	case 0xc8000:
+		chip->memid = HPMEM_C800; break;
+	case 0xd0000:
+		chip->memid = HPMEM_D000; break;
+	case 0xd8000:
+		chip->memid = HPMEM_D800; break;
+	case 0xe0000:
+		chip->memid = HPMEM_E000; break;
+	case 0xe8000:
+		chip->memid = HPMEM_E800; break;
+	}
+#else
+	dev_info(pdev, LOGNAME ": Non-PnP mode: configuring at port 0x%lx\n",
+		 cfg[idx]);
+
+	if (!devm_request_region(card->dev, cfg[idx], 2,
+				 "Pinnacle/Fiji Config")) {
+		dev_err(pdev, LOGNAME ": Config port 0x%lx conflict\n",
+			cfg[idx]);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	if (reset[idx])
+		if (snd_msnd_pinnacle_cfg_reset(chip, cfg[idx]))
+			return -EIO;
+
+	/* DSP */
+	err = snd_msnd_write_cfg_logical(chip, cfg[idx], 0,
+					 io[idx], 0,
+					 irq[idx], mem[idx]);
+
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	/* The following are Pinnacle specific */
+
+	/* MPU */
+	if (mpu_io[idx] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT
+	    && mpu_irq[idx] != SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		dev_info(pdev, LOGNAME
+		       ": Configuring MPU to I/O 0x%lx IRQ %d\n",
+		       mpu_io[idx], mpu_irq[idx]);
+		err = snd_msnd_write_cfg_logical(chip, cfg[idx], 1,
+						 mpu_io[idx], 0,
+						 mpu_irq[idx], 0);
+
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* IDE */
+	if (ide_io0[idx] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT
+	    && ide_io1[idx] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT
+	    && ide_irq[idx] != SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		dev_info(pdev, LOGNAME
+		       ": Configuring IDE to I/O 0x%lx, 0x%lx IRQ %d\n",
+		       ide_io0[idx], ide_io1[idx], ide_irq[idx]);
+		err = snd_msnd_write_cfg_logical(chip, cfg[idx], 2,
+						 ide_io0[idx], ide_io1[idx],
+						 ide_irq[idx], 0);
+
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	/* Joystick */
+	if (joystick_io[idx] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_info(pdev, LOGNAME
+		       ": Configuring joystick to I/O 0x%lx\n",
+		       joystick_io[idx]);
+		err = snd_msnd_write_cfg_logical(chip, cfg[idx], 3,
+						 joystick_io[idx], 0,
+						 0, 0);
+
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+#endif /* MSND_CLASSIC */
+
+	set_default_audio_parameters(chip);
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+	chip->type = msndClassic;
+#else
+	chip->type = msndPinnacle;
+#endif
+	chip->io = io[idx];
+	chip->irq = irq[idx];
+	chip->base = mem[idx];
+
+	chip->calibrate_signal = calibrate_signal ? 1 : 0;
+	chip->recsrc = 0;
+	chip->dspq_data_buff = DSPQ_DATA_BUFF;
+	chip->dspq_buff_size = DSPQ_BUFF_SIZE;
+	if (write_ndelay[idx])
+		clear_bit(F_DISABLE_WRITE_NDELAY, &chip->flags);
+	else
+		set_bit(F_DISABLE_WRITE_NDELAY, &chip->flags);
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	if (digital[idx])
+		set_bit(F_HAVEDIGITAL, &chip->flags);
+#endif
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->lock);
+	err = snd_msnd_probe(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(pdev, LOGNAME ": Probe failed\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_msnd_attach(card);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(pdev, LOGNAME ": Attach failed\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_msnd_card_suspend(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_mpu401 *mpu;
+	int err;
+
+	mpu = chip->rmidi ? chip->rmidi->private_data : NULL;
+	chip->pm_recsrc = snd_msnd_pm_recsrc(chip);
+	chip->pm_mpu_input = mpu && test_bit(MPU401_MODE_BIT_INPUT, &mpu->mode);
+	if (chip->pm_mpu_input)
+		snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_MIDI_IN_STOP);
+
+	err = snd_msnd_force_irq(chip, false);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		if (chip->pm_mpu_input)
+			snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_MIDI_IN_START);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_card_resume(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_msnd_initialize(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_msnd_calibrate_adc(chip, chip->play_sample_rate);
+	snd_msndmix_force_recsrc(chip, chip->pm_recsrc);
+
+	err = snd_msnd_force_irq(chip, true);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (chip->pm_mpu_input)
+		snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_MIDI_IN_START);
+
+	chip->nresets = 0;
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_isa_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int idx,
+				pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_msnd_card_suspend(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_isa_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int idx)
+{
+	return snd_msnd_card_resume(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_msnd_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_msnd_isa_match,
+	.probe		= snd_msnd_isa_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_msnd_isa_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_msnd_isa_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	},
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int snd_msnd_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+			       const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	static int idx;
+	struct pnp_dev *pnp_dev;
+	struct pnp_dev *mpu_dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_msnd *chip;
+	int ret;
+
+	for ( ; idx < SNDRV_CARDS; idx++) {
+		if (has_isapnp(idx))
+			break;
+	}
+	if (idx >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check that we still have room for another sound card ...
+	 */
+	pnp_dev = pnp_request_card_device(pcard, pid->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (!pnp_dev)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	mpu_dev = pnp_request_card_device(pcard, pid->devs[1].id, NULL);
+	if (!mpu_dev)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	if (!pnp_is_active(pnp_dev) && pnp_activate_dev(pnp_dev) < 0) {
+		dev_info(&pcard->card->dev, "msnd_pinnacle: device is inactive\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	if (!pnp_is_active(mpu_dev) && pnp_activate_dev(mpu_dev) < 0) {
+		dev_info(&pcard->card->dev, "msnd_pinnacle: MPU device is inactive\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Create a new ALSA sound card entry, in anticipation
+	 * of detecting our hardware ...
+	 */
+	ret = snd_devm_card_new(&pcard->card->dev,
+				index[idx], id[idx], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_msnd), &card);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	chip = card->private_data;
+	chip->card = card;
+
+	/*
+	 * Read the correct parameters off the ISA PnP bus ...
+	 */
+	io[idx] = pnp_port_start(pnp_dev, 0);
+	irq[idx] = pnp_irq(pnp_dev, 0);
+	mem[idx] = pnp_mem_start(pnp_dev, 0);
+	mpu_io[idx] = pnp_port_start(mpu_dev, 0);
+	mpu_irq[idx] = pnp_irq(mpu_dev, 0);
+
+	set_default_audio_parameters(chip);
+#ifdef MSND_CLASSIC
+	chip->type = msndClassic;
+#else
+	chip->type = msndPinnacle;
+#endif
+	chip->io = io[idx];
+	chip->irq = irq[idx];
+	chip->base = mem[idx];
+
+	chip->calibrate_signal = calibrate_signal ? 1 : 0;
+	chip->recsrc = 0;
+	chip->dspq_data_buff = DSPQ_DATA_BUFF;
+	chip->dspq_buff_size = DSPQ_BUFF_SIZE;
+	if (write_ndelay[idx])
+		clear_bit(F_DISABLE_WRITE_NDELAY, &chip->flags);
+	else
+		set_bit(F_DISABLE_WRITE_NDELAY, &chip->flags);
+#ifndef MSND_CLASSIC
+	if (digital[idx])
+		set_bit(F_HAVEDIGITAL, &chip->flags);
+#endif
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->lock);
+	ret = snd_msnd_probe(card);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pcard->card->dev, LOGNAME ": Probe failed\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	ret = snd_msnd_attach(card);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pcard->card->dev, LOGNAME ": Attach failed\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	++idx;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_msnd_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_msnd_card_suspend(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+
+static int snd_msnd_pnp_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	return snd_msnd_card_resume(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+#endif
+
+static int isa_registered __ro_after_init;
+static int pnp_registered __ro_after_init;
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id msnd_pnpids[] = {
+	/* Pinnacle PnP */
+	{ .id = "BVJ0440", .devs = { { "TBS0000" }, { "TBS0001" } } },
+	{ .id = "" }	/* end */
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, msnd_pnpids);
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver msnd_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags = PNP_DRIVER_RES_DO_NOT_CHANGE,
+	.name = "msnd_pinnacle",
+	.id_table = msnd_pnpids,
+	.probe = snd_msnd_pnp_detect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend = snd_msnd_pnp_suspend,
+	.resume = snd_msnd_pnp_resume,
+#endif
+};
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static int __init snd_msnd_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = isa_register_driver(&snd_msnd_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (!err)
+		isa_registered = 1;
+
+	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&msnd_pnpc_driver);
+	if (!err)
+		pnp_registered = 1;
+
+	if (isa_registered)
+		err = 0;
+#endif
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __exit snd_msnd_exit(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (pnp_registered)
+		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&msnd_pnpc_driver);
+	if (isa_registered)
+#endif
+		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_msnd_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(snd_msnd_init);
+module_exit(snd_msnd_exit);
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.h b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c928d8492
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle.h
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
+/*********************************************************************
+ *
+ * msnd_pinnacle.h
+ *
+ * Turtle Beach MultiSound Sound Card Driver for Linux
+ *
+ * Some parts of this header file were derived from the Turtle Beach
+ * MultiSound Driver Development Kit.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1998 Andrew Veliath
+ * Copyright (C) 1993 Turtle Beach Systems, Inc.
+ *
+ ********************************************************************/
+#ifndef __MSND_PINNACLE_H
+#define __MSND_PINNACLE_H
+
+#define DSP_NUMIO				0x08
+
+#define IREG_LOGDEVICE				0x07
+#define IREG_ACTIVATE				0x30
+#define LD_ACTIVATE				0x01
+#define LD_DISACTIVATE				0x00
+#define IREG_EECONTROL				0x3F
+#define IREG_MEMBASEHI				0x40
+#define IREG_MEMBASELO				0x41
+#define IREG_MEMCONTROL				0x42
+#define IREG_MEMRANGEHI				0x43
+#define IREG_MEMRANGELO				0x44
+#define MEMTYPE_8BIT				0x00
+#define MEMTYPE_16BIT				0x02
+#define MEMTYPE_RANGE				0x00
+#define MEMTYPE_HIADDR				0x01
+#define IREG_IO0_BASEHI				0x60
+#define IREG_IO0_BASELO				0x61
+#define IREG_IO1_BASEHI				0x62
+#define IREG_IO1_BASELO				0x63
+#define IREG_IRQ_NUMBER				0x70
+#define IREG_IRQ_TYPE				0x71
+#define IRQTYPE_HIGH				0x02
+#define IRQTYPE_LOW				0x00
+#define IRQTYPE_LEVEL				0x01
+#define IRQTYPE_EDGE				0x00
+
+#define	HP_DSPR					0x04
+#define	HP_BLKS					0x04
+
+#define HPDSPRESET_OFF				2
+#define HPDSPRESET_ON				0
+
+#define HPBLKSEL_0				2
+#define HPBLKSEL_1				3
+
+#define	HIMT_DAT_OFF				0x03
+
+#define	HIDSP_PLAY_UNDER			0x00
+#define	HIDSP_INT_PLAY_UNDER			0x01
+#define	HIDSP_SSI_TX_UNDER  			0x02
+#define HIDSP_RECQ_OVERFLOW			0x08
+#define HIDSP_INT_RECORD_OVER			0x09
+#define HIDSP_SSI_RX_OVERFLOW			0x0a
+
+#define	HIDSP_MIDI_IN_OVER			0x10
+
+#define	HIDSP_MIDI_FRAME_ERR			0x11
+#define	HIDSP_MIDI_PARITY_ERR			0x12
+#define	HIDSP_MIDI_OVERRUN_ERR			0x13
+
+#define HIDSP_INPUT_CLIPPING			0x20
+#define	HIDSP_MIX_CLIPPING			0x30
+#define HIDSP_DAT_IN_OFF			0x21
+
+#define TIME_PRO_RESET_DONE			0x028A
+#define TIME_PRO_SYSEX				0x001E
+#define TIME_PRO_RESET				0x0032
+
+#define DAR_BUFF_SIZE				0x1000
+
+#define MIDQ_BUFF_SIZE				0x800
+#define DSPQ_BUFF_SIZE				0x5A0
+
+#define DSPQ_DATA_BUFF				0x7860
+
+#define MOP_WAVEHDR				0
+#define MOP_EXTOUT				1
+#define MOP_HWINIT				0xfe
+#define MOP_NONE				0xff
+#define MOP_MAX					1
+
+#define MIP_EXTIN				0
+#define MIP_WAVEHDR				1
+#define MIP_HWINIT				0xfe
+#define MIP_MAX					1
+
+/* Pinnacle/Fiji SMA Common Data */
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayBytes			0x0000
+#define SMA_wCurrRecordBytes			0x0002
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayVolLeft			0x0004
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayVolRight			0x0006
+#define SMA_wCurrInVolLeft			0x0008
+#define SMA_wCurrInVolRight			0x000a
+#define SMA_wCurrMHdrVolLeft			0x000c
+#define SMA_wCurrMHdrVolRight			0x000e
+#define SMA_dwCurrPlayPitch			0x0010
+#define SMA_dwCurrPlayRate			0x0014
+#define SMA_wCurrMIDIIOPatch			0x0018
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayFormat			0x001a
+#define SMA_wCurrPlaySampleSize			0x001c
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayChannels			0x001e
+#define SMA_wCurrPlaySampleRate			0x0020
+#define SMA_wCurrRecordFormat			0x0022
+#define SMA_wCurrRecordSampleSize		0x0024
+#define SMA_wCurrRecordChannels			0x0026
+#define SMA_wCurrRecordSampleRate		0x0028
+#define SMA_wCurrDSPStatusFlags			0x002a
+#define SMA_wCurrHostStatusFlags		0x002c
+#define SMA_wCurrInputTagBits			0x002e
+#define SMA_wCurrLeftPeak			0x0030
+#define SMA_wCurrRightPeak			0x0032
+#define SMA_bMicPotPosLeft			0x0034
+#define SMA_bMicPotPosRight			0x0035
+#define SMA_bMicPotMaxLeft			0x0036
+#define SMA_bMicPotMaxRight			0x0037
+#define SMA_bInPotPosLeft			0x0038
+#define SMA_bInPotPosRight			0x0039
+#define SMA_bAuxPotPosLeft			0x003a
+#define SMA_bAuxPotPosRight			0x003b
+#define SMA_bInPotMaxLeft			0x003c
+#define SMA_bInPotMaxRight			0x003d
+#define SMA_bAuxPotMaxLeft			0x003e
+#define SMA_bAuxPotMaxRight			0x003f
+#define SMA_bInPotMaxMethod			0x0040
+#define SMA_bAuxPotMaxMethod			0x0041
+#define SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft			0x0042
+#define SMA_wCurrMastVolRight			0x0044
+#define SMA_wCalFreqAtoD			0x0046
+#define SMA_wCurrAuxVolLeft			0x0048
+#define SMA_wCurrAuxVolRight			0x004a
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay1VolLeft			0x004c
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay1VolRight			0x004e
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay2VolLeft			0x0050
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay2VolRight			0x0052
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay3VolLeft			0x0054
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay3VolRight			0x0056
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay4VolLeft			0x0058
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay4VolRight			0x005a
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay1PeakLeft			0x005c
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay1PeakRight			0x005e
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay2PeakLeft			0x0060
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay2PeakRight			0x0062
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay3PeakLeft			0x0064
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay3PeakRight			0x0066
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay4PeakLeft			0x0068
+#define SMA_wCurrPlay4PeakRight			0x006a
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayPeakLeft			0x006c
+#define SMA_wCurrPlayPeakRight			0x006e
+#define SMA_wCurrDATSR				0x0070
+#define SMA_wCurrDATRXCHNL			0x0072
+#define SMA_wCurrDATTXCHNL			0x0074
+#define SMA_wCurrDATRXRate			0x0076
+#define SMA_dwDSPPlayCount			0x0078
+#define SMA__size				0x007c
+
+#define INITCODEFILE		"turtlebeach/pndspini.bin"
+#define PERMCODEFILE		"turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin"
+#define LONGNAME		"MultiSound (Pinnacle/Fiji)"
+
+#endif /* __MSND_PINNACLE_H */
diff --git a/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle_mixer.c b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle_mixer.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8ca987221
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/msnd/msnd_pinnacle_mixer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/***************************************************************************
+			  msnd_pinnacle_mixer.c  -  description
+			     -------------------
+    begin		: Fre Jun 7 2002
+    copyright 		: (C) 2002 by karsten wiese
+    email		: annabellesgarden@yahoo.de
+ ***************************************************************************/
+
+/***************************************************************************
+ *							      		   *
+ *									   *
+ ***************************************************************************/
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/export.h>
+
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include "msnd.h"
+#include "msnd_pinnacle.h"
+
+
+#define MSND_MIXER_VOLUME	0
+#define MSND_MIXER_PCM		1
+#define MSND_MIXER_AUX		2	/* Input source 1  (aux1) */
+#define MSND_MIXER_IMIX		3	/*  Recording monitor  */
+#define MSND_MIXER_SYNTH	4
+#define MSND_MIXER_SPEAKER	5
+#define MSND_MIXER_LINE		6
+#define MSND_MIXER_MIC		7
+#define MSND_MIXER_RECLEV	11	/* Recording level */
+#define MSND_MIXER_IGAIN	12	/* Input gain */
+#define MSND_MIXER_OGAIN	13	/* Output gain */
+#define MSND_MIXER_DIGITAL	17	/* Digital (input) 1 */
+
+/*	Device mask bits	*/
+
+#define MSND_MASK_VOLUME	(1 << MSND_MIXER_VOLUME)
+#define MSND_MASK_SYNTH		(1 << MSND_MIXER_SYNTH)
+#define MSND_MASK_PCM		(1 << MSND_MIXER_PCM)
+#define MSND_MASK_SPEAKER	(1 << MSND_MIXER_SPEAKER)
+#define MSND_MASK_LINE		(1 << MSND_MIXER_LINE)
+#define MSND_MASK_MIC		(1 << MSND_MIXER_MIC)
+#define MSND_MASK_IMIX		(1 << MSND_MIXER_IMIX)
+#define MSND_MASK_RECLEV	(1 << MSND_MIXER_RECLEV)
+#define MSND_MASK_IGAIN		(1 << MSND_MIXER_IGAIN)
+#define MSND_MASK_OGAIN		(1 << MSND_MIXER_OGAIN)
+#define MSND_MASK_AUX		(1 << MSND_MIXER_AUX)
+#define MSND_MASK_DIGITAL	(1 << MSND_MIXER_DIGITAL)
+
+static int snd_msndmix_info_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[3] = {
+		"Analog", "MASS", "SPDIF",
+	};
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned items = test_bit(F_HAVEDIGITAL, &chip->flags) ? 3 : 2;
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, items, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_msndmix_get_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	/* MSND_MASK_IMIX is the default */
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 0;
+
+	if (chip->recsrc & MSND_MASK_SYNTH) {
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 1;
+	} else if ((chip->recsrc & MSND_MASK_DIGITAL) &&
+		 test_bit(F_HAVEDIGITAL, &chip->flags)) {
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 2;
+	}
+
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msndmix_set_mux(struct snd_msnd *chip, int val)
+{
+	unsigned newrecsrc;
+	int change;
+	unsigned char msndbyte;
+
+	switch (val) {
+	case 0:
+		newrecsrc = MSND_MASK_IMIX;
+		msndbyte = HDEXAR_SET_ANA_IN;
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		newrecsrc = MSND_MASK_SYNTH;
+		msndbyte = HDEXAR_SET_SYNTH_IN;
+		break;
+	case 2:
+		newrecsrc = MSND_MASK_DIGITAL;
+		msndbyte = HDEXAR_SET_DAT_IN;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	change  = newrecsrc != chip->recsrc;
+	if (change) {
+		change = 0;
+		if (!snd_msnd_send_word(chip, 0, 0, msndbyte))
+			if (!snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(chip, HDEX_AUX_REQ)) {
+				chip->recsrc = newrecsrc;
+				change = 1;
+			}
+	}
+	return change;
+}
+
+static int snd_msndmix_put_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *msnd = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	return snd_msndmix_set_mux(msnd, ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0]);
+}
+
+
+static int snd_msndmix_volume_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				   struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 100;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msndmix_volume_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				  struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *msnd = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int addr = kcontrol->private_value;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&msnd->mixer_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = msnd->left_levels[addr] * 100;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] /= 0xFFFF;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = msnd->right_levels[addr] * 100;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] /= 0xFFFF;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define update_volm(a, b)						\
+	do {								\
+		writew((dev->left_levels[a] >> 1) *			\
+		       readw(dev->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft) / 0xffff,	\
+		       dev->SMA + SMA_##b##Left);			\
+		writew((dev->right_levels[a] >> 1)  *			\
+		       readw(dev->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolRight) / 0xffff, \
+		       dev->SMA + SMA_##b##Right);			\
+	} while (0);
+
+#define update_potm(d, s, ar)						\
+	do {								\
+		writeb((dev->left_levels[d] >> 8) *			\
+		       readw(dev->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft) / 0xffff, \
+		       dev->SMA + SMA_##s##Left);			\
+		writeb((dev->right_levels[d] >> 8) *			\
+		       readw(dev->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolRight) / 0xffff, \
+		       dev->SMA + SMA_##s##Right);			\
+		if (snd_msnd_send_word(dev, 0, 0, ar) == 0)		\
+			snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(dev, HDEX_AUX_REQ);	\
+	} while (0);
+
+#define update_pot(d, s, ar)						\
+	do {								\
+		writeb(dev->left_levels[d] >> 8,			\
+		       dev->SMA + SMA_##s##Left);			\
+		writeb(dev->right_levels[d] >> 8,			\
+		       dev->SMA + SMA_##s##Right);			\
+		if (snd_msnd_send_word(dev, 0, 0, ar) == 0)		\
+			snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(dev, HDEX_AUX_REQ);	\
+	} while (0);
+
+
+static int snd_msndmix_set(struct snd_msnd *dev, int d, int left, int right)
+{
+	int bLeft, bRight;
+	int wLeft, wRight;
+	int updatemaster = 0;
+
+	if (d >= LEVEL_ENTRIES)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	bLeft = left * 0xff / 100;
+	wLeft = left * 0xffff / 100;
+
+	bRight = right * 0xff / 100;
+	wRight = right * 0xffff / 100;
+
+	dev->left_levels[d] = wLeft;
+	dev->right_levels[d] = wRight;
+
+	switch (d) {
+		/* master volume unscaled controls */
+	case MSND_MIXER_LINE:			/* line pot control */
+		/* scaled by IMIX in digital mix */
+		writeb(bLeft, dev->SMA + SMA_bInPotPosLeft);
+		writeb(bRight, dev->SMA + SMA_bInPotPosRight);
+		if (snd_msnd_send_word(dev, 0, 0, HDEXAR_IN_SET_POTS) == 0)
+			snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(dev, HDEX_AUX_REQ);
+		break;
+	case MSND_MIXER_MIC:			/* mic pot control */
+		if (dev->type == msndClassic)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		/* scaled by IMIX in digital mix */
+		writeb(bLeft, dev->SMA + SMA_bMicPotPosLeft);
+		writeb(bRight, dev->SMA + SMA_bMicPotPosRight);
+		if (snd_msnd_send_word(dev, 0, 0, HDEXAR_MIC_SET_POTS) == 0)
+			snd_msnd_send_dsp_cmd(dev, HDEX_AUX_REQ);
+		break;
+	case MSND_MIXER_VOLUME:		/* master volume */
+		writew(wLeft, dev->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft);
+		writew(wRight, dev->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolRight);
+		fallthrough;
+	case MSND_MIXER_AUX:			/* aux pot control */
+		/* scaled by master volume */
+
+		/* digital controls */
+	case MSND_MIXER_SYNTH:			/* synth vol (dsp mix) */
+	case MSND_MIXER_PCM:			/* pcm vol (dsp mix) */
+	case MSND_MIXER_IMIX:			/* input monitor (dsp mix) */
+		/* scaled by master volume */
+		updatemaster = 1;
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (updatemaster) {
+		/* update master volume scaled controls */
+		update_volm(MSND_MIXER_PCM, wCurrPlayVol);
+		update_volm(MSND_MIXER_IMIX, wCurrInVol);
+		if (dev->type == msndPinnacle)
+			update_volm(MSND_MIXER_SYNTH, wCurrMHdrVol);
+		update_potm(MSND_MIXER_AUX, bAuxPotPos, HDEXAR_AUX_SET_POTS);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_msndmix_volume_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				  struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *msnd = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change, addr = kcontrol->private_value;
+	int left, right;
+
+	left = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] % 101;
+	right = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] % 101;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&msnd->mixer_lock);
+	change = msnd->left_levels[addr] != left
+		|| msnd->right_levels[addr] != right;
+	snd_msndmix_set(msnd, addr, left, right);
+	return change;
+}
+
+
+#define DUMMY_VOLUME(xname, xindex, addr) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_msndmix_volume_info, \
+  .get = snd_msndmix_volume_get, .put = snd_msndmix_volume_put, \
+  .private_value = addr }
+
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_msnd_controls[] = {
+DUMMY_VOLUME("Master Volume", 0, MSND_MIXER_VOLUME),
+DUMMY_VOLUME("PCM Volume", 0, MSND_MIXER_PCM),
+DUMMY_VOLUME("Aux Volume", 0, MSND_MIXER_AUX),
+DUMMY_VOLUME("Line Volume", 0, MSND_MIXER_LINE),
+DUMMY_VOLUME("Mic Volume", 0, MSND_MIXER_MIC),
+DUMMY_VOLUME("Monitor",	0, MSND_MIXER_IMIX),
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Capture Source",
+	.info = snd_msndmix_info_mux,
+	.get = snd_msndmix_get_mux,
+	.put = snd_msndmix_put_mux,
+}
+};
+
+
+int snd_msndmix_new(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_msnd *chip = card->private_data;
+	unsigned int idx;
+	int err;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->mixer_lock);
+	strscpy(card->mixername, "MSND Pinnacle Mixer");
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_msnd_controls); idx++) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card,
+				  snd_ctl_new1(snd_msnd_controls + idx, chip));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msndmix_new);
+
+void snd_msndmix_setup(struct snd_msnd *dev)
+{
+	writew(dev->left_levels[MSND_MIXER_VOLUME],
+	       dev->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolLeft);
+	writew(dev->right_levels[MSND_MIXER_VOLUME],
+	       dev->SMA + SMA_wCurrMastVolRight);
+	update_pot(MSND_MIXER_LINE, bInPotPos, HDEXAR_IN_SET_POTS);
+	update_potm(MSND_MIXER_AUX, bAuxPotPos, HDEXAR_AUX_SET_POTS);
+	update_volm(MSND_MIXER_PCM, wCurrPlayVol);
+	update_volm(MSND_MIXER_IMIX, wCurrInVol);
+	if (dev->type == msndPinnacle) {
+		update_pot(MSND_MIXER_MIC, bMicPotPos, HDEXAR_MIC_SET_POTS);
+		update_volm(MSND_MIXER_SYNTH, wCurrMHdrVol);
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msndmix_setup);
+
+int snd_msndmix_force_recsrc(struct snd_msnd *dev, int recsrc)
+{
+	dev->recsrc = -1;
+	return snd_msndmix_set_mux(dev, recsrc);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_msndmix_force_recsrc);
diff --git a/sound/isa/opl3sa2.c b/sound/isa/opl3sa2.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..66b1e361c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/opl3sa2.c
@@ -0,0 +1,911 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Driver for Yamaha OPL3-SA[2,3] soundcards
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/pm.h>
+#include <linux/pnp.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/tlv.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Yamaha OPL3SA2+");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_ISAPNP; /* Enable this card */
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static bool isapnp[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 1};
+#endif
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0xf86,0x370,0x100 */
+static long sb_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x220,0x240,0x260 */
+static long wss_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;/* 0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604 */
+static long fm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x388 */
+static long midi_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;/* 0x330,0x300 */
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 0,1,3,5,9,11,12,15 */
+static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 1,3,5,6,7 */
+static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 1,3,5,6,7 */
+static int opl3sa3_ymode[SNDRV_CARDS];   /* 0,1,2,3 */ /*SL Added*/
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for OPL3-SA soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for OPL3-SA soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable OPL3-SA soundcard.");
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+module_param_array(isapnp, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(isapnp, "PnP detection for specified soundcard.");
+#endif
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for OPL3-SA driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(sb_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(sb_port, "SB port # for OPL3-SA driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(wss_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(wss_port, "WSS port # for OPL3-SA driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(fm_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fm_port, "FM port # for OPL3-SA driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(midi_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(midi_port, "MIDI port # for OPL3-SA driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for OPL3-SA driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma1, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "DMA1 # for OPL3-SA driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma2, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "DMA2 # for OPL3-SA driver.");
+module_param_array(opl3sa3_ymode, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(opl3sa3_ymode, "Speaker size selection for 3D Enhancement mode: Desktop/Large Notebook/Small Notebook/HiFi.");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int isa_registered __ro_after_init;
+static int pnp_registered __ro_after_init;
+static int pnpc_registered __ro_after_init;
+#endif
+
+/* control ports */
+#define OPL3SA2_PM_CTRL		0x01
+#define OPL3SA2_SYS_CTRL		0x02
+#define OPL3SA2_IRQ_CONFIG	0x03
+#define OPL3SA2_IRQ_STATUS	0x04
+#define OPL3SA2_DMA_CONFIG	0x06
+#define OPL3SA2_MASTER_LEFT	0x07
+#define OPL3SA2_MASTER_RIGHT	0x08
+#define OPL3SA2_MIC		0x09
+#define OPL3SA2_MISC		0x0A
+
+/* opl3sa3 only */
+#define OPL3SA3_DGTL_DOWN	0x12
+#define OPL3SA3_ANLG_DOWN	0x13
+#define OPL3SA3_WIDE		0x14
+#define OPL3SA3_BASS		0x15
+#define OPL3SA3_TREBLE		0x16
+
+/* power management bits */
+#define OPL3SA2_PM_ADOWN		0x20
+#define OPL3SA2_PM_PSV		0x04		
+#define OPL3SA2_PM_PDN		0x02
+#define OPL3SA2_PM_PDX		0x01
+
+#define OPL3SA2_PM_D0	0x00
+#define OPL3SA2_PM_D3	(OPL3SA2_PM_ADOWN|OPL3SA2_PM_PSV|OPL3SA2_PM_PDN|OPL3SA2_PM_PDX)
+
+struct snd_opl3sa2 {
+	int version;		/* 2 or 3 */
+	unsigned long port;	/* control port */
+	struct resource *res_port; /* control port resource */
+	int irq;
+	int single_dma;
+	spinlock_t reg_lock;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_hwdep *synth;
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	struct snd_wss *wss;
+	unsigned char ctlregs[0x20];
+	int ymode;		/* SL added */
+	struct snd_kcontrol *master_switch;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *master_volume;
+};
+
+#define PFX	"opl3sa2: "
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+
+static const struct pnp_device_id snd_opl3sa2_pnpbiosids[] = {
+	{ .id = "YMH0021" },
+	{ .id = "NMX2210" },	/* Gateway Solo 2500 */
+	{ }			/* end */
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp, snd_opl3sa2_pnpbiosids);
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id snd_opl3sa2_pnpids[] = {
+	/* Yamaha YMF719E-S (Genius Sound Maker 3DX) */
+	{ .id = "YMH0020", .devs = { { "YMH0021" } } },
+	/* Yamaha OPL3-SA3 (integrated on Intel's Pentium II AL440LX motherboard) */
+	{ .id = "YMH0030", .devs = { { "YMH0021" } } },
+	/* Yamaha OPL3-SA2 */
+	{ .id = "YMH0800", .devs = { { "YMH0021" } } },
+	/* Yamaha OPL3-SA2 */
+	{ .id = "YMH0801", .devs = { { "YMH0021" } } },
+	/* NeoMagic MagicWave 3DX */
+	{ .id = "NMX2200", .devs = { { "YMH2210" } } },
+	/* NeoMagic MagicWave 3D */
+	{ .id = "NMX2200", .devs = { { "NMX2210" } } },
+	/* --- */
+	{ .id = "" }	/* end */
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_opl3sa2_pnpids);
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+
+/* read control port (w/o spinlock) */
+static unsigned char __snd_opl3sa2_read(struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	unsigned char result;
+#if 0
+	outb(0x1d, port);	/* password */
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "read [0x%lx] = 0x%x\n", port, inb(port));
+#endif
+	outb(reg, chip->port);	/* register */
+	result = inb(chip->port + 1);
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "read [0x%lx] = 0x%x [0x%x]\n",
+	       port, result, inb(port));
+#endif
+	return result;
+}
+
+/* read control port (with spinlock) */
+static unsigned char snd_opl3sa2_read(struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	return __snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, reg);
+}
+
+/* write control port (w/o spinlock) */
+static void __snd_opl3sa2_write(struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip, unsigned char reg, unsigned char value)
+{
+#if 0
+	outb(0x1d, port);	/* password */
+#endif
+	outb(reg, chip->port);	/* register */
+	outb(value, chip->port + 1);
+	chip->ctlregs[reg] = value;
+}
+
+/* write control port (with spinlock) */
+static void snd_opl3sa2_write(struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip, unsigned char reg, unsigned char value)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	__snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, reg, value);
+}
+
+static int snd_opl3sa2_detect(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip = card->private_data;
+	unsigned long port;
+	unsigned char tmp, tmp1;
+	char str[2];
+
+	port = chip->port;
+	chip->res_port = devm_request_region(card->dev, port, 2,
+					     "OPL3-SA control");
+	if (!chip->res_port) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "can't grab port 0x%lx\n", port);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->version = 0;
+	tmp = snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, OPL3SA2_MISC);
+	if (tmp == 0xff) {
+		dev_dbg(card->dev, "OPL3-SA [0x%lx] detect = 0x%x\n", port, tmp);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	switch (tmp & 0x07) {
+	case 0x01:
+		chip->version = 2; /* YMF711 */
+		break;
+	default:
+		chip->version = 3;
+		/* 0x02 - standard */
+		/* 0x03 - YM715B */
+		/* 0x04 - YM719 - OPL-SA4? */
+		/* 0x05 - OPL3-SA3 - Libretto 100 */
+		/* 0x07 - unknown - Neomagic MagicWave 3D */
+		break;
+	}
+	str[0] = chip->version + '0';
+	str[1] = 0;
+	strcat(card->shortname, str);
+	snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_MISC, tmp ^ 7);
+	tmp1 = snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, OPL3SA2_MISC);
+	if (tmp1 != tmp) {
+		dev_dbg(card->dev, "OPL3-SA [0x%lx] detect (1) = 0x%x (0x%x)\n", port, tmp, tmp1);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	/* try if the MIC register is accessible */
+	tmp = snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, OPL3SA2_MIC);
+	snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_MIC, 0x8a);
+	tmp1 = snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, OPL3SA2_MIC);
+	if ((tmp1 & 0x9f) != 0x8a) {
+		dev_dbg(card->dev, "OPL3-SA [0x%lx] detect (2) = 0x%x (0x%x)\n", port, tmp, tmp1);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_MIC, 0x9f);
+	/* initialization */
+	/* Power Management - full on */
+	snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_PM_CTRL, OPL3SA2_PM_D0);
+	if (chip->version > 2) {
+		/* ymode is bits 4&5 (of 0 to 7) on all but opl3sa2 versions */
+		snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_SYS_CTRL, (chip->ymode << 4));
+	} else {
+		/* default for opl3sa2 versions */
+		snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_SYS_CTRL, 0x00);
+	}
+	snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_IRQ_CONFIG, 0x0d);	/* Interrupt Channel Configuration - IRQ A = OPL3 + MPU + WSS */
+	if (chip->single_dma) {
+		snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_DMA_CONFIG, 0x03);	/* DMA Configuration - DMA A = WSS-R + WSS-P */
+	} else {
+		snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_DMA_CONFIG, 0x21);	/* DMA Configuration - DMA B = WSS-R, DMA A = WSS-P */
+	}
+	snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_MISC, 0x80 | (tmp & 7));	/* Miscellaneous - default */
+	if (chip->version > 2) {
+		snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA3_DGTL_DOWN, 0x00);	/* Digital Block Partial Power Down - default */
+		snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA3_ANLG_DOWN, 0x00);	/* Analog Block Partial Power Down - default */
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_opl3sa2_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	unsigned short status;
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_id;
+	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip;
+	int handled = 0;
+
+	if (card == NULL)
+		return IRQ_NONE;
+
+	chip = card->private_data;
+	status = snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, OPL3SA2_IRQ_STATUS);
+
+	if (status & 0x20) {
+		handled = 1;
+		snd_opl3_interrupt(chip->synth);
+	}
+
+	if ((status & 0x10) && chip->rmidi != NULL) {
+		handled = 1;
+		snd_mpu401_uart_interrupt(irq, chip->rmidi->private_data);
+	}
+
+	if (status & 0x07) {	/* TI,CI,PI */
+		handled = 1;
+		snd_wss_interrupt(irq, chip->wss);
+	}
+
+	if (status & 0x40) { /* hardware volume change */
+		handled = 1;
+		/* reading from Master Lch register at 0x07 clears this bit */
+		snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, OPL3SA2_MASTER_RIGHT);
+		snd_opl3sa2_read(chip, OPL3SA2_MASTER_LEFT);
+		if (chip->master_switch && chip->master_volume) {
+			snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+					&chip->master_switch->id);
+			snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE,
+					&chip->master_volume->id);
+		}
+	}
+	return IRQ_RETVAL(handled);
+}
+
+#define OPL3SA2_SINGLE(xname, xindex, reg, shift, mask, invert) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_wss_info_single, \
+  .get = snd_opl3sa2_get_single, .put = snd_opl3sa2_put_single, \
+  .private_value = reg | (shift << 8) | (mask << 16) | (invert << 24) }
+#define OPL3SA2_SINGLE_TLV(xname, xindex, reg, shift, mask, invert, xtlv) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
+  .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ, \
+  .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_wss_info_single, \
+  .get = snd_opl3sa2_get_single, .put = snd_opl3sa2_put_single, \
+  .private_value = reg | (shift << 8) | (mask << 16) | (invert << 24), \
+  .tlv = { .p = (xtlv) } }
+
+static int snd_opl3sa2_get_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (chip->ctlregs[reg] >> shift) & mask;
+	if (invert)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_opl3sa2_put_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int change;
+	unsigned short val, oval;
+	
+	val = (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask);
+	if (invert)
+		val = mask - val;
+	val <<= shift;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	oval = chip->ctlregs[reg];
+	val = (oval & ~(mask << shift)) | val;
+	change = val != oval;
+	__snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, reg, val);
+	return change;
+}
+
+#define OPL3SA2_DOUBLE(xname, xindex, left_reg, right_reg, shift_left, shift_right, mask, invert) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_wss_info_double, \
+  .get = snd_opl3sa2_get_double, .put = snd_opl3sa2_put_double, \
+  .private_value = left_reg | (right_reg << 8) | (shift_left << 16) | (shift_right << 19) | (mask << 24) | (invert << 22) }
+#define OPL3SA2_DOUBLE_TLV(xname, xindex, left_reg, right_reg, shift_left, shift_right, mask, invert, xtlv) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
+  .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE | SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ, \
+  .name = xname, .index = xindex, \
+  .info = snd_wss_info_double, \
+  .get = snd_opl3sa2_get_double, .put = snd_opl3sa2_put_double, \
+  .private_value = left_reg | (right_reg << 8) | (shift_left << 16) | (shift_right << 19) | (mask << 24) | (invert << 22), \
+  .tlv = { .p = (xtlv) } }
+
+static int snd_opl3sa2_get_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 22) & 1;
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (chip->ctlregs[left_reg] >> shift_left) & mask;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = (chip->ctlregs[right_reg] >> shift_right) & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[1];
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_opl3sa2_put_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 22) & 1;
+	int change;
+	unsigned short val1, val2, oval1, oval2;
+	
+	val1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask;
+	val2 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		val1 = mask - val1;
+		val2 = mask - val2;
+	}
+	val1 <<= shift_left;
+	val2 <<= shift_right;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	if (left_reg != right_reg) {
+		oval1 = chip->ctlregs[left_reg];
+		oval2 = chip->ctlregs[right_reg];
+		val1 = (oval1 & ~(mask << shift_left)) | val1;
+		val2 = (oval2 & ~(mask << shift_right)) | val2;
+		change = val1 != oval1 || val2 != oval2;
+		__snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, left_reg, val1);
+		__snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, right_reg, val2);
+	} else {
+		oval1 = chip->ctlregs[left_reg];
+		val1 = (oval1 & ~((mask << shift_left) | (mask << shift_right))) | val1 | val2;
+		change = val1 != oval1;
+		__snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, left_reg, val1);
+	}
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_master, -3000, 200, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_5bit_12db_max, -3450, 150, 0);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_opl3sa2_controls[] = {
+OPL3SA2_DOUBLE("Master Playback Switch", 0, 0x07, 0x08, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+OPL3SA2_DOUBLE_TLV("Master Playback Volume", 0, 0x07, 0x08, 0, 0, 15, 1,
+		   db_scale_master),
+OPL3SA2_SINGLE("Mic Playback Switch", 0, 0x09, 7, 1, 1),
+OPL3SA2_SINGLE_TLV("Mic Playback Volume", 0, 0x09, 0, 31, 1,
+		   db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+OPL3SA2_SINGLE("ZV Port Switch", 0, 0x02, 0, 1, 0),
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_opl3sa2_tone_controls[] = {
+OPL3SA2_DOUBLE("3D Control - Wide", 0, 0x14, 0x14, 4, 0, 7, 0),
+OPL3SA2_DOUBLE("Tone Control - Bass", 0, 0x15, 0x15, 4, 0, 7, 0),
+OPL3SA2_DOUBLE("Tone Control - Treble", 0, 0x16, 0x16, 4, 0, 7, 0)
+};
+
+static void snd_opl3sa2_master_free(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	chip->master_switch = NULL;
+	chip->master_volume = NULL;
+}
+
+static int snd_opl3sa2_mixer(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_id id1, id2;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	unsigned int idx;
+	int err;
+
+	memset(&id1, 0, sizeof(id1));
+	memset(&id2, 0, sizeof(id2));
+	id1.iface = id2.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+	/* reassign AUX0 to CD */
+        strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch");
+        strscpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Switch");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "Cannot rename opl3sa2 control\n");
+                return err;
+	}
+        strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
+        strscpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Volume");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "Cannot rename opl3sa2 control\n");
+                return err;
+	}
+	/* reassign AUX1 to FM */
+        strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch"); id1.index = 1;
+        strscpy(id2.name, "FM Playback Switch");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "Cannot rename opl3sa2 control\n");
+                return err;
+	}
+        strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
+        strscpy(id2.name, "FM Playback Volume");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "Cannot rename opl3sa2 control\n");
+                return err;
+	}
+	/* add OPL3SA2 controls */
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_opl3sa2_controls); idx++) {
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_opl3sa2_controls[idx], chip);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		switch (idx) {
+		case 0: chip->master_switch = kctl; kctl->private_free = snd_opl3sa2_master_free; break;
+		case 1: chip->master_volume = kctl; kctl->private_free = snd_opl3sa2_master_free; break;
+		}
+	}
+	if (chip->version > 2) {
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_opl3sa2_tone_controls); idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_opl3sa2_tone_controls[idx], chip));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Power Management support functions */
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_opl3sa2_suspend(struct snd_card *card, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	if (card) {
+		struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip = card->private_data;
+
+		snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+		chip->wss->suspend(chip->wss);
+		/* power down */
+		snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_PM_CTRL, OPL3SA2_PM_D3);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_opl3sa2_resume(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!card)
+		return 0;
+
+	chip = card->private_data;
+	/* power up */
+	snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, OPL3SA2_PM_CTRL, OPL3SA2_PM_D0);
+
+	/* restore registers */
+	for (i = 2; i <= 0x0a; i++) {
+		if (i != OPL3SA2_IRQ_STATUS)
+			snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, i, chip->ctlregs[i]);
+	}
+	if (chip->version > 2) {
+		for (i = 0x12; i <= 0x16; i++)
+			snd_opl3sa2_write(chip, i, chip->ctlregs[i]);
+	}
+	/* restore wss */
+	chip->wss->resume(chip->wss);
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_PM */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int snd_opl3sa2_pnp(int dev, struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip,
+			   struct pnp_dev *pdev)
+{
+	if (pnp_activate_dev(pdev) < 0) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "PnP configure failure (out of resources?)\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	sb_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	wss_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1);
+	fm_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 2);
+	midi_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 3);
+	port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 4);
+	dma1[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	dma2[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
+	irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "%sPnP OPL3-SA: sb port=0x%lx, wss port=0x%lx, fm port=0x%lx, midi port=0x%lx\n",
+		pnp_device_is_pnpbios(pdev) ? "BIOS" : "ISA", sb_port[dev], wss_port[dev], fm_port[dev], midi_port[dev]);
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "%sPnP OPL3-SA: control port=0x%lx, dma1=%i, dma2=%i, irq=%i\n",
+		pnp_device_is_pnpbios(pdev) ? "BIOS" : "ISA", port[dev], dma1[dev], dma2[dev], irq[dev]);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static int snd_opl3sa2_card_new(struct device *pdev, int dev,
+				struct snd_card **cardp)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(pdev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_opl3sa2), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	strscpy(card->driver, "OPL3SA2");
+	strscpy(card->shortname, "Yamaha OPL3-SA");
+	chip = card->private_data;
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->reg_lock);
+	chip->irq = -1;
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_opl3sa2_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
+{
+	int xirq, xdma1, xdma2;
+	struct snd_opl3sa2 *chip;
+	struct snd_wss *wss;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+	int err;
+
+	/* initialise this card from supplied (or default) parameter*/ 
+	chip = card->private_data;
+	chip->card = card;
+	chip->ymode = opl3sa3_ymode[dev] & 0x03 ;
+	chip->port = port[dev];
+	xirq = irq[dev];
+	xdma1 = dma1[dev];
+	xdma2 = dma2[dev];
+	if (xdma2 < 0)
+		chip->single_dma = 1;
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_detect(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = devm_request_irq(card->dev, xirq, snd_opl3sa2_interrupt, 0,
+			       "OPL3-SA2", card);
+	if (err) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "can't grab IRQ %d\n", xirq);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	chip->irq = xirq;
+	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
+	err = snd_wss_create(card,
+			     wss_port[dev] + 4, -1,
+			     xirq, xdma1, xdma2,
+			     WSS_HW_OPL3SA2, WSS_HWSHARE_IRQ, &wss);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_dbg(card->dev, "Oops, WSS not detected at 0x%lx\n", wss_port[dev] + 4);
+		return err;
+	}
+	chip->wss = wss;
+	err = snd_wss_pcm(wss, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_wss_mixer(wss);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_mixer(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_wss_timer(wss, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	if (fm_port[dev] >= 0x340 && fm_port[dev] < 0x400) {
+		err = snd_opl3_create(card, fm_port[dev],
+				      fm_port[dev] + 2,
+				      OPL3_HW_OPL3, 0, &opl3);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		err = snd_opl3_timer_new(opl3, 1, 2);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, &chip->synth);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	if (midi_port[dev] >= 0x300 && midi_port[dev] < 0x340) {
+		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_OPL3SA2,
+					  midi_port[dev],
+					  MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK, -1,
+					  &chip->rmidi);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d",
+		card->shortname, chip->port, xirq, xdma1);
+	if (xdma2 >= 0)
+		sprintf(card->longname + strlen(card->longname), "&%d", xdma2);
+
+	return snd_card_register(card);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int snd_opl3sa2_pnp_detect(struct pnp_dev *pdev,
+				  const struct pnp_device_id *id)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	int err;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+
+	if (pnp_device_is_isapnp(pdev))
+		return -ENOENT;	/* we have another procedure - card */
+	for (; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (enable[dev] && isapnp[dev])
+			break;
+	}
+	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_card_new(&pdev->dev, dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pnp_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_opl3sa2_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_dev *pdev, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_opl3sa2_suspend(pnp_get_drvdata(pdev), state);
+}
+static int snd_opl3sa2_pnp_resume(struct pnp_dev *pdev)
+{
+	return snd_opl3sa2_resume(pnp_get_drvdata(pdev));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_driver opl3sa2_pnp_driver = {
+	.name = "snd-opl3sa2-pnpbios",
+	.id_table = snd_opl3sa2_pnpbiosids,
+	.probe = snd_opl3sa2_pnp_detect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend = snd_opl3sa2_pnp_suspend,
+	.resume = snd_opl3sa2_pnp_resume,
+#endif
+};
+
+static int snd_opl3sa2_pnp_cdetect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				   const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	struct pnp_dev *pdev;
+	int err;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+
+	pdev = pnp_request_card_device(pcard, id->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (pdev == NULL) {
+		dev_err(&pcard->card->dev, "can't get pnp device from id '%s'\n",
+			   id->devs[0].id);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	for (; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (enable[dev] && isapnp[dev])
+			break;
+	}
+	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_card_new(&pdev->dev, dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pdev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_opl3sa2_pnp_csuspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_opl3sa2_suspend(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard), state);
+}
+static int snd_opl3sa2_pnp_cresume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	return snd_opl3sa2_resume(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver opl3sa2_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags = PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
+	.name = "snd-opl3sa2-cpnp",
+	.id_table = snd_opl3sa2_pnpids,
+	.probe = snd_opl3sa2_pnp_cdetect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend = snd_opl3sa2_pnp_csuspend,
+	.resume = snd_opl3sa2_pnp_cresume,
+#endif
+};
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static int snd_opl3sa2_isa_match(struct device *pdev,
+				 unsigned int dev)
+{
+	if (!enable[dev])
+		return 0;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (isapnp[dev])
+		return 0;
+#endif
+	if (port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "specify port\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (wss_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "specify wss_port\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (fm_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "specify fm_port\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (midi_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "specify midi_port\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_opl3sa2_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
+				 unsigned int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_card_new(pdev, dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_opl3sa2_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_opl3sa2_isa_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+				   pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_opl3sa2_suspend(dev_get_drvdata(dev), state);
+}
+
+static int snd_opl3sa2_isa_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	return snd_opl3sa2_resume(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+#endif
+
+#define DEV_NAME "opl3sa2"
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_opl3sa2_isa_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_opl3sa2_isa_match,
+	.probe		= snd_opl3sa2_isa_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_opl3sa2_isa_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_opl3sa2_isa_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	},
+};
+
+static int __init alsa_card_opl3sa2_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = isa_register_driver(&snd_opl3sa2_isa_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (!err)
+		isa_registered = 1;
+
+	err = pnp_register_driver(&opl3sa2_pnp_driver);
+	if (!err)
+		pnp_registered = 1;
+
+	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&opl3sa2_pnpc_driver);
+	if (!err)
+		pnpc_registered = 1;
+
+	if (isa_registered || pnp_registered)
+		err = 0;
+#endif
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_card_opl3sa2_exit(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (pnpc_registered)
+		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&opl3sa2_pnpc_driver);
+	if (pnp_registered)
+		pnp_unregister_driver(&opl3sa2_pnp_driver);
+	if (isa_registered)
+#endif
+		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_opl3sa2_isa_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_card_opl3sa2_init)
+module_exit(alsa_card_opl3sa2_exit)
diff --git a/sound/isa/opti9xx/Makefile b/sound/isa/opti9xx/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..44a2fb220
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/opti9xx/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#
+# Makefile for ALSA
+# Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+#
+
+snd-opti92x-ad1848-y := opti92x-ad1848.o
+snd-opti92x-cs4231-y := opti92x-cs4231.o
+snd-opti93x-y := opti93x.o
+snd-miro-y := miro.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_OPTI92X_AD1848) += snd-opti92x-ad1848.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_OPTI92X_CS4231) += snd-opti92x-cs4231.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_OPTI93X) += snd-opti93x.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_MIRO) += snd-miro.o
diff --git a/sound/isa/opti9xx/miro.c b/sound/isa/opti9xx/miro.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e5870e5e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/opti9xx/miro.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1870 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *   ALSA soundcard driver for Miro miroSOUND PCM1 pro
+ *                                  miroSOUND PCM12
+ *                                  miroSOUND PCM20 Radio
+ *
+ *   Copyright (C) 2004-2005 Martin Langer <martin-langer@gmx.de>
+ *
+ *   Based on OSS ACI and ALSA OPTi9xx drivers
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/pnp.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/opl4.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include <sound/info.h>
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IOPORT
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IRQ
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_DMA
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/aci.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Martin Langer <martin-langer@gmx.de>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Miro miroSOUND PCM1 pro, PCM12, PCM20 Radio");
+
+static int index = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX1;		/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR1;		/* ID for this card */
+static long port = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT1; 	/* 0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604 */
+static long mpu_port = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT1;	/* 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 */
+static long fm_port = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT1;	/* 0x388 */
+static int irq = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ1;		/* 5,7,9,10,11 */
+static int mpu_irq = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ1;	/* 5,7,9,10 */
+static int dma1 = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA1;		/* 0,1,3 */
+static int dma2 = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA1;		/* 0,1,3 */
+static int wss;
+static int ide;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static bool isapnp = 1;				/* Enable ISA PnP detection */
+#endif
+
+module_param(index, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for miro soundcard.");
+module_param(id, charp, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for miro soundcard.");
+module_param_hw(port, long, ioport, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "WSS port # for miro driver.");
+module_param_hw(mpu_port, long, ioport, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_port, "MPU-401 port # for miro driver.");
+module_param_hw(fm_port, long, ioport, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fm_port, "FM Port # for miro driver.");
+module_param_hw(irq, int, irq, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "WSS irq # for miro driver.");
+module_param_hw(mpu_irq, int, irq, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_irq, "MPU-401 irq # for miro driver.");
+module_param_hw(dma1, int, dma, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "1st dma # for miro driver.");
+module_param_hw(dma2, int, dma, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "2nd dma # for miro driver.");
+module_param(wss, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(wss, "wss mode");
+module_param(ide, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(ide, "enable ide port");
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+module_param(isapnp, bool, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(isapnp, "Enable ISA PnP detection for specified soundcard.");
+#endif
+
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_DETECT	0
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_82C928	1
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_82C929	2
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_82C924	3
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_82C925	4
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_82C930	5
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_82C931	6
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_82C933	7
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_LAST		OPTi9XX_HW_82C933
+
+#define OPTi9XX_MC_REG(n)	n
+
+enum {
+	MIRO_ACI_MASTER,
+	MIRO_ACI_MIC,
+	MIRO_ACI_LINE,
+	MIRO_ACI_CD,
+	MIRO_ACI_SYNTH,
+	MIRO_ACI_PCM,
+	MIRO_ACI_LINE1,
+	MIRO_ACI_LINE2,
+	MIRO_ACI_EQ1,
+	MIRO_ACI_EQ2,
+	MIRO_ACI_EQ3,
+	MIRO_ACI_EQ4,
+	MIRO_ACI_EQ5,
+	MIRO_ACI_EQ6,
+	MIRO_ACI_EQ7,
+	MIRO_ACI_COUNT,
+};
+
+struct snd_miro {
+	unsigned short hardware;
+	unsigned char password;
+	char name[7];
+
+	struct resource *res_mc_base;
+	struct resource *res_aci_port;
+
+	unsigned long mc_base;
+	unsigned long mc_base_size;
+	unsigned long pwd_reg;
+
+	spinlock_t lock;
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	struct snd_wss *codec;
+
+	long wss_base;
+	int irq;
+	int dma1;
+	int dma2;
+
+	long mpu_port;
+	int mpu_irq;
+
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_miro_aci *aci;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	unsigned char aci_saved[MIRO_ACI_COUNT][2];
+	unsigned char aci_saved_amp;
+	unsigned char aci_saved_preamp;
+	unsigned char aci_saved_solomode;
+#endif
+};
+
+static struct snd_miro_aci aci_device;
+
+static const char * const snd_opti9xx_names[] = {
+	"unknown",
+	"82C928", "82C929",
+	"82C924", "82C925",
+	"82C930", "82C931", "82C933"
+};
+
+static int snd_miro_pnp_is_probed;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id snd_miro_pnpids[] = {
+	/* PCM20 and PCM12 in PnP mode */
+	{ .id = "MIR0924",
+	  .devs = { { "MIR0000" }, { "MIR0002" }, { "MIR0005" } }, },
+	{ .id = "" }
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_miro_pnpids);
+
+#endif	/* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+/* 
+ *  ACI control
+ */
+
+static int aci_busy_wait(struct snd_miro_aci *aci)
+{
+	long timeout;
+	unsigned char byte;
+
+	for (timeout = 1; timeout <= ACI_MINTIME + 30; timeout++) {
+		byte = inb(aci->aci_port + ACI_REG_BUSY);
+		if ((byte & 1) == 0) {
+			if (timeout >= ACI_MINTIME)
+				dev_dbg(aci->card->dev,
+					"aci ready in round %ld.\n",
+					timeout-ACI_MINTIME);
+			return byte;
+		}
+		if (timeout >= ACI_MINTIME) {
+			long out=10*HZ;
+			switch (timeout-ACI_MINTIME) {
+			case 0 ... 9:
+				out /= 10;
+				fallthrough;
+			case 10 ... 19:
+				out /= 10;
+				fallthrough;
+			case 20 ... 30:
+				out /= 10;
+				fallthrough;
+			default:
+				set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+				schedule_timeout(out);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	dev_err(aci->card->dev, "%s() time out\n", __func__);
+	return -EBUSY;
+}
+
+static inline int aci_write(struct snd_miro_aci *aci, unsigned char byte)
+{
+	if (aci_busy_wait(aci) >= 0) {
+		outb(byte, aci->aci_port + ACI_REG_COMMAND);
+		return 0;
+	} else {
+		dev_err(aci->card->dev, "aci busy, %s(0x%x) stopped.\n", __func__, byte);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+}
+
+static inline int aci_read(struct snd_miro_aci *aci)
+{
+	unsigned char byte;
+
+	if (aci_busy_wait(aci) >= 0) {
+		byte = inb(aci->aci_port + ACI_REG_STATUS);
+		return byte;
+	} else {
+		dev_err(aci->card->dev, "aci busy, %s() stopped.\n", __func__);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+}
+
+int snd_aci_cmd(struct snd_miro_aci *aci, int write1, int write2, int write3)
+{
+	int write[] = {write1, write2, write3};
+	int value, i;
+
+	if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&aci->aci_mutex))
+		return -EINTR;
+
+	for (i=0; i<3; i++) {
+		if (write[i]< 0 || write[i] > 255)
+			break;
+		else {
+			value = aci_write(aci, write[i]);
+			if (value < 0)
+				goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	value = aci_read(aci);
+
+out:	mutex_unlock(&aci->aci_mutex);
+	return value;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_aci_cmd);
+
+static int aci_getvalue(struct snd_miro_aci *aci, unsigned char index)
+{
+	return snd_aci_cmd(aci, ACI_STATUS, index, -1);
+}
+
+static int aci_setvalue(struct snd_miro_aci *aci, unsigned char index,
+			int value)
+{
+	return snd_aci_cmd(aci, index, value, -1);
+}
+
+struct snd_miro_aci *snd_aci_get_aci(void)
+{
+	if (aci_device.aci_port == 0)
+		return NULL;
+	return &aci_device;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_aci_get_aci);
+
+/*
+ *  MIXER part
+ */
+
+#define snd_miro_info_capture	snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
+
+static int snd_miro_get_capture(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_miro *miro = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int value;
+
+	value = aci_getvalue(miro->aci, ACI_S_GENERAL);
+	if (value < 0) {
+		dev_err(miro->card->dev, "%s() failed: %d\n", __func__,
+			value);
+		return value;
+	}
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = value & 0x20;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_put_capture(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_miro *miro = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change, value, error;
+
+	value = !(ucontrol->value.integer.value[0]);
+
+	error = aci_setvalue(miro->aci, ACI_SET_SOLOMODE, value);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dev_err(miro->card->dev, "%s() failed: %d\n", __func__,
+			error);
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	change = (value != miro->aci->aci_solomode);
+	miro->aci->aci_solomode = value;
+	
+	return change;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_info_preamp(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 3;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_get_preamp(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_miro *miro = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int value;
+
+	if (miro->aci->aci_version <= 176) {
+
+		/* 
+		   OSS says it's not readable with versions < 176.
+		   But it doesn't work on my card,
+		   which is a PCM12 with aci_version = 176.
+		*/
+
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = miro->aci->aci_preamp;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	value = aci_getvalue(miro->aci, ACI_GET_PREAMP);
+	if (value < 0) {
+		dev_err(miro->card->dev, "%s() failed: %d\n", __func__,
+			value);
+		return value;
+	}
+	
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = value;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_put_preamp(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_miro *miro = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int error, value, change;
+
+	value = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+
+	error = aci_setvalue(miro->aci, ACI_SET_PREAMP, value);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dev_err(miro->card->dev, "%s() failed: %d\n", __func__,
+			error);
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	change = (value != miro->aci->aci_preamp);
+	miro->aci->aci_preamp = value;
+
+	return change;
+}
+
+#define snd_miro_info_amp	snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
+
+static int snd_miro_get_amp(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_miro *miro = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = miro->aci->aci_amp;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_put_amp(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			    struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_miro *miro = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int error, value, change;
+
+	value = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+
+	error = aci_setvalue(miro->aci, ACI_SET_POWERAMP, value);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dev_err(miro->card->dev, "%s() to %d failed: %d\n", __func__,
+			value, error);
+		return error;
+	}
+
+	change = (value != miro->aci->aci_amp);
+	miro->aci->aci_amp = value;
+
+	return change;
+}
+
+#define MIRO_DOUBLE(ctl_name, ctl_index, get_right_reg, set_right_reg) \
+{ .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER, \
+  .name = ctl_name, \
+  .index = ctl_index, \
+  .info = snd_miro_info_double, \
+  .get = snd_miro_get_double, \
+  .put = snd_miro_put_double, \
+  .private_value = get_right_reg | (set_right_reg << 8) \
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_info_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, 
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+
+	if ((reg >= ACI_GET_EQ1) && (reg <= ACI_GET_EQ7)) {
+
+		/* equalizer elements */
+
+		uinfo->value.integer.min = - 0x7f;
+		uinfo->value.integer.max = 0x7f;
+	} else {
+
+		/* non-equalizer elements */
+
+		uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+		uinfo->value.integer.max = 0x20;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_get_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, 
+			       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *uinfo)
+{
+	struct snd_miro *miro = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_val, right_val;
+
+	int right_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int left_reg = right_reg + 1;
+
+	right_val = aci_getvalue(miro->aci, right_reg);
+	if (right_val < 0) {
+		dev_err(miro->card->dev, "aci_getvalue(%d) failed: %d\n",
+			right_reg, right_val);
+		return right_val;
+	}
+
+	left_val = aci_getvalue(miro->aci, left_reg);
+	if (left_val < 0) {
+		dev_err(miro->card->dev, "aci_getvalue(%d) failed: %d\n",
+			left_reg, left_val);
+		return left_val;
+	}
+
+	if ((right_reg >= ACI_GET_EQ1) && (right_reg <= ACI_GET_EQ7)) {
+
+		/* equalizer elements */
+
+		if (left_val < 0x80) {
+			uinfo->value.integer.value[0] = left_val;
+		} else {
+			uinfo->value.integer.value[0] = 0x80 - left_val;
+		}
+
+		if (right_val < 0x80) {
+			uinfo->value.integer.value[1] = right_val;
+		} else {
+			uinfo->value.integer.value[1] = 0x80 - right_val;
+		}
+
+	} else {
+
+		/* non-equalizer elements */
+
+		uinfo->value.integer.value[0] = 0x20 - left_val;
+		uinfo->value.integer.value[1] = 0x20 - right_val;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_put_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, 
+			       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_miro *miro = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct snd_miro_aci *aci = miro->aci;
+	int left, right, left_old, right_old;
+	int setreg_left, setreg_right, getreg_left, getreg_right;
+	int change, error;
+
+	left = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	right = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1];
+
+	setreg_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	setreg_left = setreg_right + 8;
+	if (setreg_right == ACI_SET_MASTER)
+		setreg_left -= 7;
+
+	getreg_right = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	getreg_left = getreg_right + 1;
+
+	left_old = aci_getvalue(aci, getreg_left);
+	if (left_old < 0) {
+		dev_err(miro->card->dev, "aci_getvalue(%d) failed: %d\n",
+			getreg_left, left_old);
+		return left_old;
+	}
+
+	right_old = aci_getvalue(aci, getreg_right);
+	if (right_old < 0) {
+		dev_err(miro->card->dev, "aci_getvalue(%d) failed: %d\n",
+			getreg_right, right_old);
+		return right_old;
+	}
+
+	if ((getreg_right >= ACI_GET_EQ1) && (getreg_right <= ACI_GET_EQ7)) {
+
+		/* equalizer elements */
+
+		if (left < -0x7f || left > 0x7f ||
+		    right < -0x7f || right > 0x7f)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		if (left_old > 0x80) 
+			left_old = 0x80 - left_old;
+		if (right_old > 0x80) 
+			right_old = 0x80 - right_old;
+
+		if (left >= 0) {
+			error = aci_setvalue(aci, setreg_left, left);
+			if (error < 0) {
+				dev_err(miro->card->dev, "aci_setvalue(%d) failed: %d\n",
+					left, error);
+				return error;
+			}
+		} else {
+			error = aci_setvalue(aci, setreg_left, 0x80 - left);
+			if (error < 0) {
+				dev_err(miro->card->dev, "aci_setvalue(%d) failed: %d\n",
+					0x80 - left, error);
+				return error;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (right >= 0) {
+			error = aci_setvalue(aci, setreg_right, right);
+			if (error < 0) {
+				dev_err(miro->card->dev, "aci_setvalue(%d) failed: %d\n",
+					right, error);
+				return error;
+			}
+		} else {
+			error = aci_setvalue(aci, setreg_right, 0x80 - right);
+			if (error < 0) {
+				dev_err(miro->card->dev, "aci_setvalue(%d) failed: %d\n",
+					0x80 - right, error);
+				return error;
+			}
+		}
+
+	} else {
+
+		/* non-equalizer elements */
+
+		if (left < 0 || left > 0x20 ||
+		    right < 0 || right > 0x20)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		left_old = 0x20 - left_old;
+		right_old = 0x20 - right_old;
+
+		error = aci_setvalue(aci, setreg_left, 0x20 - left);
+		if (error < 0) {
+			dev_err(miro->card->dev, "aci_setvalue(%d) failed: %d\n",
+				0x20 - left, error);
+			return error;
+		}
+		error = aci_setvalue(aci, setreg_right, 0x20 - right);
+		if (error < 0) {
+			dev_err(miro->card->dev, "aci_setvalue(%d) failed: %d\n",
+				0x20 - right, error);
+			return error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	change = (left != left_old) || (right != right_old);
+
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_miro_controls[] = {
+MIRO_DOUBLE("Master Playback Volume", 0, ACI_GET_MASTER, ACI_SET_MASTER),
+MIRO_DOUBLE("Mic Playback Volume", 1, ACI_GET_MIC, ACI_SET_MIC),
+MIRO_DOUBLE("Line Playback Volume", 1, ACI_GET_LINE, ACI_SET_LINE),
+MIRO_DOUBLE("CD Playback Volume", 0, ACI_GET_CD, ACI_SET_CD),
+MIRO_DOUBLE("Synth Playback Volume", 0, ACI_GET_SYNTH, ACI_SET_SYNTH),
+MIRO_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Volume", 1, ACI_GET_PCM, ACI_SET_PCM),
+MIRO_DOUBLE("Aux Playback Volume", 2, ACI_GET_LINE2, ACI_SET_LINE2),
+};
+
+/* Equalizer with seven bands (only PCM20) 
+   from -12dB up to +12dB on each band */
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_miro_eq_controls[] = {
+MIRO_DOUBLE("Tone Control - 28 Hz", 0, ACI_GET_EQ1, ACI_SET_EQ1),
+MIRO_DOUBLE("Tone Control - 160 Hz", 0, ACI_GET_EQ2, ACI_SET_EQ2),
+MIRO_DOUBLE("Tone Control - 400 Hz", 0, ACI_GET_EQ3, ACI_SET_EQ3),
+MIRO_DOUBLE("Tone Control - 1 kHz", 0, ACI_GET_EQ4, ACI_SET_EQ4),
+MIRO_DOUBLE("Tone Control - 2.5 kHz", 0, ACI_GET_EQ5, ACI_SET_EQ5),
+MIRO_DOUBLE("Tone Control - 6.3 kHz", 0, ACI_GET_EQ6, ACI_SET_EQ6),
+MIRO_DOUBLE("Tone Control - 16 kHz", 0, ACI_GET_EQ7, ACI_SET_EQ7),
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_miro_radio_control[] = {
+MIRO_DOUBLE("Radio Playback Volume", 0, ACI_GET_LINE1, ACI_SET_LINE1),
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_miro_line_control[] = {
+MIRO_DOUBLE("Line Playback Volume", 2, ACI_GET_LINE1, ACI_SET_LINE1),
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_miro_preamp_control[] = {
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Mic Boost",
+	.index = 1,
+	.info = snd_miro_info_preamp,
+	.get = snd_miro_get_preamp,
+	.put = snd_miro_put_preamp,
+}};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_miro_amp_control[] = {
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Line Boost",
+	.index = 0,
+	.info = snd_miro_info_amp,
+	.get = snd_miro_get_amp,
+	.put = snd_miro_put_amp,
+}};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_miro_capture_control[] = {
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "PCM Capture Switch",
+	.index = 0,
+	.info = snd_miro_info_capture,
+	.get = snd_miro_get_capture,
+	.put = snd_miro_put_capture,
+}};
+
+static const unsigned char aci_init_values[][2] = {
+	{ ACI_SET_MUTE, 0x00 },
+	{ ACI_SET_POWERAMP, 0x00 },
+	{ ACI_SET_PREAMP, 0x00 },
+	{ ACI_SET_SOLOMODE, 0x00 },
+	{ ACI_SET_MIC + 0, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_MIC + 8, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_LINE + 0, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_LINE + 8, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_CD + 0, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_CD + 8, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_PCM + 0, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_PCM + 8, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_LINE1 + 0, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_LINE1 + 8, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_LINE2 + 0, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_LINE2 + 8, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_SYNTH + 0, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_SYNTH + 8, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_MASTER + 0, 0x20 },
+	{ ACI_SET_MASTER + 1, 0x20 },
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static const unsigned char snd_miro_saved_get_regs[MIRO_ACI_COUNT] = {
+	[MIRO_ACI_MASTER] = ACI_GET_MASTER,
+	[MIRO_ACI_MIC] = ACI_GET_MIC,
+	[MIRO_ACI_LINE] = ACI_GET_LINE,
+	[MIRO_ACI_CD] = ACI_GET_CD,
+	[MIRO_ACI_SYNTH] = ACI_GET_SYNTH,
+	[MIRO_ACI_PCM] = ACI_GET_PCM,
+	[MIRO_ACI_LINE1] = ACI_GET_LINE1,
+	[MIRO_ACI_LINE2] = ACI_GET_LINE2,
+	[MIRO_ACI_EQ1] = ACI_GET_EQ1,
+	[MIRO_ACI_EQ2] = ACI_GET_EQ2,
+	[MIRO_ACI_EQ3] = ACI_GET_EQ3,
+	[MIRO_ACI_EQ4] = ACI_GET_EQ4,
+	[MIRO_ACI_EQ5] = ACI_GET_EQ5,
+	[MIRO_ACI_EQ6] = ACI_GET_EQ6,
+	[MIRO_ACI_EQ7] = ACI_GET_EQ7,
+};
+
+static const unsigned char snd_miro_saved_set_regs[MIRO_ACI_COUNT] = {
+	[MIRO_ACI_MASTER] = ACI_SET_MASTER,
+	[MIRO_ACI_MIC] = ACI_SET_MIC,
+	[MIRO_ACI_LINE] = ACI_SET_LINE,
+	[MIRO_ACI_CD] = ACI_SET_CD,
+	[MIRO_ACI_SYNTH] = ACI_SET_SYNTH,
+	[MIRO_ACI_PCM] = ACI_SET_PCM,
+	[MIRO_ACI_LINE1] = ACI_SET_LINE1,
+	[MIRO_ACI_LINE2] = ACI_SET_LINE2,
+	[MIRO_ACI_EQ1] = ACI_SET_EQ1,
+	[MIRO_ACI_EQ2] = ACI_SET_EQ2,
+	[MIRO_ACI_EQ3] = ACI_SET_EQ3,
+	[MIRO_ACI_EQ4] = ACI_SET_EQ4,
+	[MIRO_ACI_EQ5] = ACI_SET_EQ5,
+	[MIRO_ACI_EQ6] = ACI_SET_EQ6,
+	[MIRO_ACI_EQ7] = ACI_SET_EQ7,
+};
+#endif
+
+static int snd_set_aci_init_values(struct snd_miro *miro)
+{
+	int idx, error;
+	struct snd_miro_aci *aci = miro->aci;
+
+	/* enable WSS on PCM1 */
+
+	if ((aci->aci_product == 'A') && wss) {
+		error = aci_setvalue(aci, ACI_SET_WSS, wss);
+		if (error < 0) {
+			dev_err(miro->card->dev, "enabling WSS mode failed\n");
+			return error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* enable IDE port */
+
+	if (ide) {
+		error = aci_setvalue(aci, ACI_SET_IDE, ide);
+		if (error < 0) {
+			dev_err(miro->card->dev, "enabling IDE port failed\n");
+			return error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* set common aci values */
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(aci_init_values); idx++) {
+		error = aci_setvalue(aci, aci_init_values[idx][0],
+				     aci_init_values[idx][1]);
+		if (error < 0) {
+			dev_err(miro->card->dev, "aci_setvalue(%d) failed: %d\n",
+				aci_init_values[idx][0], error);
+                        return error;
+                }
+	}
+	aci->aci_amp = 0;
+	aci->aci_preamp = 0;
+	aci->aci_solomode = 0;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_aci_force_known_state(struct snd_miro_aci *aci)
+{
+	int i, err;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+		err = snd_aci_cmd(aci, ACI_ERROR_OP, -1, -1);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_aci_initialize(struct snd_miro_aci *aci)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_aci_cmd(aci, ACI_INIT, -1, -1);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_aci_cmd(aci, ACI_ERROR_OP, ACI_ERROR_OP, ACI_ERROR_OP);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return snd_aci_cmd(aci, ACI_ERROR_OP, ACI_ERROR_OP, ACI_ERROR_OP);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_miro_save_aci_state(struct snd_miro *miro)
+{
+	struct snd_miro_aci *aci = miro->aci;
+	int i, limit, value;
+
+	limit = aci->aci_product == 'C' ? MIRO_ACI_COUNT : MIRO_ACI_LINE2 + 1;
+	for (i = 0; i < limit; i++) {
+		value = aci_getvalue(aci, snd_miro_saved_get_regs[i]);
+		if (value < 0)
+			return value;
+		miro->aci_saved[i][1] = value;
+
+		value = aci_getvalue(aci, snd_miro_saved_get_regs[i] + 1);
+		if (value < 0)
+			return value;
+		miro->aci_saved[i][0] = value;
+	}
+
+	miro->aci_saved_amp = aci->aci_amp;
+	if (aci->aci_version <= 176) {
+		miro->aci_saved_preamp = aci->aci_preamp;
+	} else {
+		value = aci_getvalue(aci, ACI_GET_PREAMP);
+		if (value < 0)
+			return value;
+		miro->aci_saved_preamp = value;
+	}
+
+	value = aci_getvalue(aci, ACI_S_GENERAL);
+	if (value < 0)
+		return value;
+	miro->aci_saved_solomode = !(value & 0x20);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_restore_aci_state(struct snd_miro *miro)
+{
+	struct snd_miro_aci *aci = miro->aci;
+	int i, limit, err, left_reg;
+
+	err = snd_set_aci_init_values(miro);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	limit = aci->aci_product == 'C' ? MIRO_ACI_COUNT : MIRO_ACI_LINE2 + 1;
+	for (i = 0; i < limit; i++) {
+		left_reg = snd_miro_saved_set_regs[i] == ACI_SET_MASTER ?
+			snd_miro_saved_set_regs[i] + 1 :
+			snd_miro_saved_set_regs[i] + 8;
+		err = aci_setvalue(aci, left_reg, miro->aci_saved[i][0]);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		err = aci_setvalue(aci, snd_miro_saved_set_regs[i],
+				   miro->aci_saved[i][1]);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	err = aci_setvalue(aci, ACI_SET_POWERAMP, miro->aci_saved_amp);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = aci_setvalue(aci, ACI_SET_PREAMP, miro->aci_saved_preamp);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = aci_setvalue(aci, ACI_SET_SOLOMODE, miro->aci_saved_solomode);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	aci->aci_amp = miro->aci_saved_amp;
+	aci->aci_preamp = miro->aci_saved_preamp;
+	aci->aci_solomode = miro->aci_saved_solomode;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int snd_miro_mixer(struct snd_card *card,
+			  struct snd_miro *miro)
+{
+	unsigned int idx;
+	int err;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!miro || !card))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	switch (miro->hardware) {
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C924:
+		strscpy(card->mixername, "ACI & OPTi924");
+		break;
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C929:
+		strscpy(card->mixername, "ACI & OPTi929");
+		break;
+	default:
+		snd_BUG();
+		break;
+	}
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_miro_controls); idx++) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_controls[idx], miro));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if ((miro->aci->aci_product == 'A') ||
+	    (miro->aci->aci_product == 'B')) {
+		/* PCM1/PCM12 with power-amp and Line 2 */
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_line_control[0], miro));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_amp_control[0], miro));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if ((miro->aci->aci_product == 'B') ||
+	    (miro->aci->aci_product == 'C')) {
+		/* PCM12/PCM20 with mic-preamp */
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_preamp_control[0], miro));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		if (miro->aci->aci_version >= 176) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_capture_control[0], miro));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (miro->aci->aci_product == 'C') {
+		/* PCM20 with radio and 7 band equalizer */
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_radio_control[0], miro));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_miro_eq_controls); idx++) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_miro_eq_controls[idx], miro));
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_init(struct snd_miro *chip,
+			 unsigned short hardware)
+{
+	static const int opti9xx_mc_size[] = {7, 7, 10, 10, 2, 2, 2};
+
+	chip->hardware = hardware;
+	strscpy(chip->name, snd_opti9xx_names[hardware]);
+
+	chip->mc_base_size = opti9xx_mc_size[hardware];  
+
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->lock);
+
+	chip->wss_base = -1;
+	chip->irq = -1;
+	chip->dma1 = -1;
+	chip->dma2 = -1;
+	chip->mpu_port = -1;
+	chip->mpu_irq = -1;
+
+	chip->pwd_reg = 3;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (isapnp && chip->mc_base)
+		/* PnP resource gives the least 10 bits */
+		chip->mc_base |= 0xc00;
+	else
+#endif
+		chip->mc_base = 0xf8c;
+
+	switch (hardware) {
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C929:
+		chip->password = 0xe3;
+		break;
+
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C924:
+		chip->password = 0xe5;
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "sorry, no support for %d\n", hardware);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned char snd_miro_read(struct snd_miro *chip,
+				   unsigned char reg)
+{
+	unsigned char retval = 0xff;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+	outb(chip->password, chip->mc_base + chip->pwd_reg);
+
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C924:
+		if (reg > 7) {
+			outb(reg, chip->mc_base + 8);
+			outb(chip->password, chip->mc_base + chip->pwd_reg);
+			retval = inb(chip->mc_base + 9);
+			break;
+		}
+		fallthrough;
+
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C929:
+		retval = inb(chip->mc_base + reg);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "sorry, no support for %d\n", chip->hardware);
+	}
+
+	return retval;
+}
+
+static void snd_miro_write(struct snd_miro *chip, unsigned char reg,
+			   unsigned char value)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+	outb(chip->password, chip->mc_base + chip->pwd_reg);
+
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C924:
+		if (reg > 7) {
+			outb(reg, chip->mc_base + 8);
+			outb(chip->password, chip->mc_base + chip->pwd_reg);
+			outb(value, chip->mc_base + 9);
+			break;
+		}
+		fallthrough;
+
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C929:
+		outb(value, chip->mc_base + reg);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "sorry, no support for %d\n", chip->hardware);
+	}
+}
+
+static inline void snd_miro_write_mask(struct snd_miro *chip,
+		unsigned char reg, unsigned char value, unsigned char mask)
+{
+	unsigned char oldval = snd_miro_read(chip, reg);
+
+	snd_miro_write(chip, reg, (oldval & ~mask) | (value & mask));
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Proc Interface
+ */
+
+static void snd_miro_proc_read(struct snd_info_entry * entry, 
+			       struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
+{
+	struct snd_miro *miro = (struct snd_miro *) entry->private_data;
+	struct snd_miro_aci *aci = miro->aci;
+	char* model = "unknown";
+
+	/* miroSOUND PCM1 pro, early PCM12 */
+
+	if ((miro->hardware == OPTi9XX_HW_82C929) &&
+	    (aci->aci_vendor == 'm') &&
+	    (aci->aci_product == 'A')) {
+		switch (aci->aci_version) {
+		case 3:
+			model = "miroSOUND PCM1 pro";
+			break;
+		default:
+			model = "miroSOUND PCM1 pro / (early) PCM12";
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* miroSOUND PCM12, PCM12 (Rev. E), PCM12 pnp */
+
+	if ((miro->hardware == OPTi9XX_HW_82C924) &&
+	    (aci->aci_vendor == 'm') &&
+	    (aci->aci_product == 'B')) {
+		switch (aci->aci_version) {
+		case 4:
+			model = "miroSOUND PCM12";
+			break;
+		case 176:
+			model = "miroSOUND PCM12 (Rev. E)";
+			break;
+		default:
+			model = "miroSOUND PCM12 / PCM12 pnp";
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* miroSOUND PCM20 radio */
+
+	if ((miro->hardware == OPTi9XX_HW_82C924) &&
+	    (aci->aci_vendor == 'm') &&
+	    (aci->aci_product == 'C')) {
+		switch (aci->aci_version) {
+		case 7:
+			model = "miroSOUND PCM20 radio (Rev. E)";
+			break;
+		default:
+			model = "miroSOUND PCM20 radio";
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "\nGeneral information:\n");
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  model   : %s\n", model);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  opti    : %s\n", miro->name);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  codec   : %s\n", miro->pcm->name);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  port    : 0x%lx\n", miro->wss_base);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  irq     : %d\n", miro->irq);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  dma     : %d,%d\n\n", miro->dma1, miro->dma2);
+
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "MPU-401:\n");
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  port    : 0x%lx\n", miro->mpu_port);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  irq     : %d\n\n", miro->mpu_irq);
+
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "ACI information:\n");
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  vendor  : ");
+	switch (aci->aci_vendor) {
+	case 'm':
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Miro\n");
+		break;
+	default:
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "unknown (0x%x)\n", aci->aci_vendor);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  product : ");
+	switch (aci->aci_product) {
+	case 'A':
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "miroSOUND PCM1 pro / (early) PCM12\n");
+		break;
+	case 'B':
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "miroSOUND PCM12\n");
+		break;
+	case 'C':
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "miroSOUND PCM20 radio\n");
+		break;
+	default:
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "unknown (0x%x)\n", aci->aci_product);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  firmware: %d (0x%x)\n",
+		    aci->aci_version, aci->aci_version);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  port    : 0x%lx-0x%lx\n", 
+		    aci->aci_port, aci->aci_port+2);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  wss     : 0x%x\n", wss);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  ide     : 0x%x\n", ide);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  solomode: 0x%x\n", aci->aci_solomode);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  amp     : 0x%x\n", aci->aci_amp);
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "  preamp  : 0x%x\n", aci->aci_preamp);
+}
+
+static void snd_miro_proc_init(struct snd_card *card,
+			       struct snd_miro *miro)
+{
+	snd_card_ro_proc_new(card, "miro", miro, snd_miro_proc_read);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Init
+ */
+
+static int snd_miro_configure(struct snd_miro *chip)
+{
+	unsigned char wss_base_bits;
+	unsigned char irq_bits;
+	unsigned char dma_bits;
+	unsigned char mpu_port_bits = 0;
+	unsigned char mpu_irq_bits;
+
+	snd_miro_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(1), 0x80, 0x80);
+	snd_miro_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(2), 0x20, 0x20); /* OPL4 */
+	snd_miro_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(5), 0x02, 0x02);
+
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C924:
+		snd_miro_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(6), 0x02, 0x02);
+		snd_miro_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(3), 0xf0, 0xff);
+		break;
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C929:
+		/* untested init commands for OPTi929 */
+		snd_miro_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(4), 0x00, 0x0c);
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "chip %d not supported\n", chip->hardware);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/* PnP resource says it decodes only 10 bits of address */
+	switch (chip->wss_base & 0x3ff) {
+	case 0x130:
+		chip->wss_base = 0x530;
+		wss_base_bits = 0x00;
+		break;
+	case 0x204:
+		chip->wss_base = 0x604;
+		wss_base_bits = 0x03;
+		break;
+	case 0x280:
+		chip->wss_base = 0xe80;
+		wss_base_bits = 0x01;
+		break;
+	case 0x340:
+		chip->wss_base = 0xf40;
+		wss_base_bits = 0x02;
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "WSS port 0x%lx not valid\n", chip->wss_base);
+		goto __skip_base;
+	}
+	snd_miro_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(1), wss_base_bits << 4, 0x30);
+
+__skip_base:
+	switch (chip->irq) {
+	case 5:
+		irq_bits = 0x05;
+		break;
+	case 7:
+		irq_bits = 0x01;
+		break;
+	case 9:
+		irq_bits = 0x02;
+		break;
+	case 10:
+		irq_bits = 0x03;
+		break;
+	case 11:
+		irq_bits = 0x04;
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "WSS irq # %d not valid\n", chip->irq);
+		goto __skip_resources;
+	}
+
+	switch (chip->dma1) {
+	case 0:
+		dma_bits = 0x01;
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		dma_bits = 0x02;
+		break;
+	case 3:
+		dma_bits = 0x03;
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "WSS dma1 # %d not valid\n", chip->dma1);
+		goto __skip_resources;
+	}
+
+	if (chip->dma1 == chip->dma2) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "don't want to share dmas\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	switch (chip->dma2) {
+	case 0:
+	case 1:
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "WSS dma2 # %d not valid\n", chip->dma2);
+		goto __skip_resources;
+	}
+	dma_bits |= 0x04;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->lock) {
+		outb(irq_bits << 3 | dma_bits, chip->wss_base);
+	}
+
+__skip_resources:
+	if (chip->hardware > OPTi9XX_HW_82C928) {
+		switch (chip->mpu_port) {
+		case 0:
+		case -1:
+			break;
+		case 0x300:
+			mpu_port_bits = 0x03;
+			break;
+		case 0x310:
+			mpu_port_bits = 0x02;
+			break;
+		case 0x320:
+			mpu_port_bits = 0x01;
+			break;
+		case 0x330:
+			mpu_port_bits = 0x00;
+			break;
+		default:
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev, "MPU-401 port 0x%lx not valid\n",
+				chip->mpu_port);
+			goto __skip_mpu;
+		}
+
+		switch (chip->mpu_irq) {
+		case 5:
+			mpu_irq_bits = 0x02;
+			break;
+		case 7:
+			mpu_irq_bits = 0x03;
+			break;
+		case 9:
+			mpu_irq_bits = 0x00;
+			break;
+		case 10:
+			mpu_irq_bits = 0x01;
+			break;
+		default:
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev, "MPU-401 irq # %d not valid\n",
+				chip->mpu_irq);
+			goto __skip_mpu;
+		}
+
+		snd_miro_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(6),
+			(chip->mpu_port <= 0) ? 0x00 :
+				0x80 | mpu_port_bits << 5 | mpu_irq_bits << 3,
+			0xf8);
+	}
+__skip_mpu:
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_opti_check(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_miro *chip)
+{
+	unsigned char value;
+
+	chip->res_mc_base =
+		devm_request_region(card->dev, chip->mc_base,
+				    chip->mc_base_size, "OPTi9xx MC");
+	if (chip->res_mc_base == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	value = snd_miro_read(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(1));
+	if (value != 0xff && value != inb(chip->mc_base + OPTi9XX_MC_REG(1)))
+		if (value == snd_miro_read(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(1)))
+			return 0;
+
+	devm_release_resource(card->dev, chip->res_mc_base);
+	chip->res_mc_base = NULL;
+
+	return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+static int snd_card_miro_detect(struct snd_card *card,
+				struct snd_miro *chip)
+{
+	int i, err;
+
+	for (i = OPTi9XX_HW_82C929; i <= OPTi9XX_HW_82C924; i++) {
+
+		err = snd_miro_init(chip, i);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+
+		err = snd_miro_opti_check(card, chip);
+		if (err == 0)
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+static int snd_card_miro_aci_detect(struct snd_card *card,
+				    struct snd_miro *miro)
+{
+	unsigned char regval;
+	int err;
+	struct snd_miro_aci *aci = &aci_device;
+
+	miro->aci = aci;
+
+	aci->card = card;
+	mutex_init(&aci->aci_mutex);
+
+	/* get ACI port from OPTi9xx MC 4 */
+
+	regval=inb(miro->mc_base + 4);
+	aci->aci_port = (regval & 0x10) ? 0x344 : 0x354;
+
+	miro->res_aci_port =
+		devm_request_region(card->dev, aci->aci_port, 3, "miro aci");
+	if (miro->res_aci_port == NULL) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "aci i/o area 0x%lx-0x%lx already used.\n",
+			aci->aci_port, aci->aci_port+2);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	/* force ACI into a known state */
+	err = snd_miro_aci_force_known_state(aci);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "can't force aci into known state.\n");
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+
+	aci->aci_vendor = snd_aci_cmd(aci, ACI_READ_IDCODE, -1, -1);
+	aci->aci_product = snd_aci_cmd(aci, ACI_READ_IDCODE, -1, -1);
+	if (aci->aci_vendor < 0 || aci->aci_product < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "can't read aci id on 0x%lx.\n",
+			aci->aci_port);
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+
+	aci->aci_version = snd_aci_cmd(aci, ACI_READ_VERSION, -1, -1);
+	if (aci->aci_version < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "can't read aci version on 0x%lx.\n",
+			aci->aci_port);
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_miro_aci_initialize(aci);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "can't initialize aci.\n");
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_probe(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	int error;
+	struct snd_miro *miro = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_wss *codec;
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+
+	if (!miro->res_mc_base) {
+		miro->res_mc_base = devm_request_region(card->dev,
+							miro->mc_base,
+							miro->mc_base_size,
+							"miro (OPTi9xx MC)");
+		if (miro->res_mc_base == NULL) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "request for OPTI9xx MC failed\n");
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+	}
+
+	error = snd_card_miro_aci_detect(card, miro);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "unable to detect aci chip\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	miro->wss_base = port;
+	miro->mpu_port = mpu_port;
+	miro->irq = irq;
+	miro->mpu_irq = mpu_irq;
+	miro->dma1 = dma1;
+	miro->dma2 = dma2;
+
+	/* init proc interface */
+	snd_miro_proc_init(card, miro);
+
+	error = snd_miro_configure(miro);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_wss_create(card, miro->wss_base + 4, -1,
+			       miro->irq, miro->dma1, miro->dma2,
+			       WSS_HW_DETECT, 0, &codec);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	miro->codec = codec;
+
+	error = snd_wss_pcm(codec, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_wss_mixer(codec);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_wss_timer(codec, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	miro->pcm = codec->pcm;
+
+	error = snd_miro_mixer(card, miro);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	if (miro->aci->aci_vendor == 'm') {
+		/* It looks like a miro sound card. */
+		switch (miro->aci->aci_product) {
+		case 'A':
+			sprintf(card->shortname, 
+				"miroSOUND PCM1 pro / PCM12");
+			break;
+		case 'B':
+			sprintf(card->shortname, 
+				"miroSOUND PCM12");
+			break;
+		case 'C':
+			sprintf(card->shortname, 
+				"miroSOUND PCM20 radio");
+			break;
+		default:
+			sprintf(card->shortname, 
+				"unknown miro");
+			dev_info(card->dev, "unknown miro aci id\n");
+			break;
+		}
+	} else {
+		dev_info(card->dev, "found unsupported aci card\n");
+		sprintf(card->shortname, "unknown Cardinal Technologies");
+	}
+
+	strscpy(card->driver, "miro");
+	scnprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
+		  "%s: OPTi%s, %s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d&%d",
+		  card->shortname, miro->name, codec->pcm->name,
+		  miro->wss_base + 4, miro->irq, miro->dma1, miro->dma2);
+
+	if (mpu_port <= 0 || mpu_port == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		rmidi = NULL;
+	else {
+		error = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401,
+				mpu_port, 0, miro->mpu_irq, &rmidi);
+		if (error < 0)
+			dev_warn(card->dev, "no MPU-401 device at 0x%lx?\n",
+				 mpu_port);
+	}
+
+	if (fm_port > 0 && fm_port != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		struct snd_opl3 *opl3 = NULL;
+		struct snd_opl4 *opl4;
+
+		if (snd_opl4_create(card, fm_port, fm_port - 8,
+				    2, &opl3, &opl4) < 0)
+			dev_warn(card->dev, "no OPL4 device at 0x%lx\n",
+				 fm_port);
+	}
+
+	error = snd_set_aci_init_values(miro);
+	if (error < 0)
+                return error;
+
+	return snd_card_register(card);
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_isa_match(struct device *devptr, unsigned int n)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (snd_miro_pnp_is_probed)
+		return 0;
+	if (isapnp)
+		return 0;
+#endif
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_isa_probe(struct device *devptr, unsigned int n)
+{
+	static const long possible_ports[] = {0x530, 0xe80, 0xf40, 0x604, -1};
+	static const long possible_mpu_ports[] = {0x330, 0x300, 0x310, 0x320, -1};
+	static const int possible_irqs[] = {11, 9, 10, 7, -1};
+	static const int possible_mpu_irqs[] = {10, 5, 9, 7, -1};
+	static const int possible_dma1s[] = {3, 1, 0, -1};
+	static const int possible_dma2s[][2] = { {1, -1}, {0, -1}, {-1, -1},
+					   {0, -1} };
+
+	int error;
+	struct snd_miro *miro;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+
+	error = snd_devm_card_new(devptr, index, id, THIS_MODULE,
+				  sizeof(struct snd_miro), &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	miro = card->private_data;
+	miro->card = card;
+
+	error = snd_card_miro_detect(card, miro);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "unable to detect OPTi9xx chip\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	if (port == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		port = snd_legacy_find_free_ioport(possible_ports, 4);
+		if (port < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "unable to find a free WSS port\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (mpu_port == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		mpu_port = snd_legacy_find_free_ioport(possible_mpu_ports, 2);
+		if (mpu_port < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev,
+				"unable to find a free MPU401 port\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (irq == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		irq = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (irq < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (mpu_irq == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		mpu_irq = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_mpu_irqs);
+		if (mpu_irq < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev,
+				"unable to find a free MPU401 IRQ\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma1 == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma1 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dma1s);
+		if (dma1 < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "unable to find a free DMA1\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma2 == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma2 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dma2s[dma1 % 4]);
+		if (dma2 < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "unable to find a free DMA2\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	error = snd_miro_probe(card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(devptr, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_miro_suspend(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_miro *miro = card->private_data;
+	int error;
+
+	error = snd_miro_save_aci_state(miro);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	miro->codec->suspend(miro->codec);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_resume(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_miro *miro = card->private_data;
+	int error;
+
+	error = snd_miro_configure(miro);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	error = snd_miro_aci_force_known_state(miro->aci);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "can't force aci into known state\n");
+		return error;
+	}
+	error = snd_miro_aci_initialize(miro->aci);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "can't initialize aci\n");
+		return error;
+	}
+	error = snd_miro_restore_aci_state(miro);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	miro->codec->resume(miro->codec);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_isa_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+				pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_miro_suspend(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_isa_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	return snd_miro_resume(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+#endif
+
+#define DEV_NAME "miro"
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_miro_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_miro_isa_match,
+	.probe		= snd_miro_isa_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_miro_isa_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_miro_isa_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	},
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+
+static int snd_card_miro_pnp(struct snd_miro *chip,
+			     struct pnp_card_link *card,
+			     const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	struct pnp_dev *pdev;
+	int err;
+	struct pnp_dev *devmpu;
+	struct pnp_dev *devmc;
+
+	pdev = pnp_request_card_device(card, pid->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (pdev == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	devmpu = pnp_request_card_device(card, pid->devs[1].id, NULL);
+	if (devmpu == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	devmc = pnp_request_card_device(card, pid->devs[2].id, NULL);
+	if (devmc == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "AUDIO pnp configure failure: %d\n", err);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(devmc);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "MC pnp configure failure: %d\n",
+			err);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	port = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1);
+	fm_port = pnp_port_start(pdev, 2) + 8;
+
+	/*
+	 * The MC(0) is never accessed and the miroSOUND PCM20 card does not
+	 * include it in the PnP resource range. OPTI93x include it.
+	 */
+	chip->mc_base = pnp_port_start(devmc, 0) - 1;
+	chip->mc_base_size = pnp_port_len(devmc, 0) + 1;
+
+	irq = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+	dma1 = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	dma2 = pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
+
+	if (mpu_port > 0) {
+		err = pnp_activate_dev(devmpu);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev, "MPU401 pnp configure failure\n");
+			mpu_port = -1;
+			return err;
+		}
+		mpu_port = pnp_port_start(devmpu, 0);
+		mpu_irq = pnp_irq(devmpu, 0);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_pnp_probe(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+			      const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
+	struct snd_miro *miro;
+
+	if (snd_miro_pnp_is_probed)
+		return -EBUSY;
+	if (!isapnp)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(&pcard->card->dev, index, id, THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_miro), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	miro = card->private_data;
+	miro->card = card;
+
+	err = snd_card_miro_pnp(miro, pcard, pid);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	/* only miroSOUND PCM20 and PCM12 == OPTi924 */
+	err = snd_miro_init(miro, OPTi9XX_HW_82C924);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_miro_opti_check(card, miro);
+	if (err) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "OPTI chip not found\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_miro_probe(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	snd_miro_pnp_is_probed = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_miro_pnp_remove(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	snd_miro_pnp_is_probed = 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_miro_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_miro_suspend(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+
+static int snd_miro_pnp_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	return snd_miro_resume(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver miro_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags		= PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
+	.name		= "miro",
+	.id_table	= snd_miro_pnpids,
+	.probe		= snd_miro_pnp_probe,
+	.remove		= snd_miro_pnp_remove,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_miro_pnp_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_miro_pnp_resume,
+#endif
+};
+#endif
+
+static int __init alsa_card_miro_init(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	pnp_register_card_driver(&miro_pnpc_driver);
+	if (snd_miro_pnp_is_probed)
+		return 0;
+	pnp_unregister_card_driver(&miro_pnpc_driver);
+#endif
+	return isa_register_driver(&snd_miro_driver, 1);
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_card_miro_exit(void)
+{
+	if (!snd_miro_pnp_is_probed) {
+		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_miro_driver);
+		return;
+	}
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	pnp_unregister_card_driver(&miro_pnpc_driver);
+#endif
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_card_miro_init)
+module_exit(alsa_card_miro_exit)
diff --git a/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti92x-ad1848.c b/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti92x-ad1848.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..abaa3ed3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti92x-ad1848.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1164 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+    card-opti92x-ad1848.c - driver for OPTi 82c92x based soundcards.
+    Copyright (C) 1998-2000 by Massimo Piccioni <dafastidio@libero.it>
+
+    Part of this code was developed at the Italian Ministry of Air Defence,
+    Sixth Division (oh, che pace ...), Rome.
+
+    Thanks to Maria Grazia Pollarini, Salvatore Vassallo.
+
+*/
+
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/pnp.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/tlv.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#ifndef OPTi93X
+#include <sound/opl4.h>
+#endif
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IOPORT
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IRQ
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_DMA
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Massimo Piccioni <dafastidio@libero.it>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+#ifdef OPTi93X
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("OPTi93X");
+#else	/* OPTi93X */
+#ifdef CS4231
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("OPTi92X - CS4231");
+#else	/* CS4231 */
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("OPTi92X - AD1848");
+#endif	/* CS4231 */
+#endif	/* OPTi93X */
+
+static int index = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX1;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR1;		/* ID for this card */
+//static bool enable = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE1;	/* Enable this card */
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static bool isapnp = true;			/* Enable ISA PnP detection */
+#endif
+static long port = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT1; 	/* 0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604 */
+static long mpu_port = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT1;	/* 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 */
+static long fm_port = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT1;	/* 0x388 */
+static int irq = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ1;		/* 5,7,9,10,11 */
+static int mpu_irq = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ1;	/* 5,7,9,10 */
+static int dma1 = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA1;		/* 0,1,3 */
+#if defined(CS4231) || defined(OPTi93X)
+static int dma2 = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA1;		/* 0,1,3 */
+#endif	/* CS4231 || OPTi93X */
+
+module_param(index, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for opti9xx based soundcard.");
+module_param(id, charp, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for opti9xx based soundcard.");
+//module_param(enable, bool, 0444);
+//MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable opti9xx soundcard.");
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+module_param(isapnp, bool, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(isapnp, "Enable ISA PnP detection for specified soundcard.");
+#endif
+module_param_hw(port, long, ioport, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "WSS port # for opti9xx driver.");
+module_param_hw(mpu_port, long, ioport, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_port, "MPU-401 port # for opti9xx driver.");
+module_param_hw(fm_port, long, ioport, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fm_port, "FM port # for opti9xx driver.");
+module_param_hw(irq, int, irq, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "WSS irq # for opti9xx driver.");
+module_param_hw(mpu_irq, int, irq, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_irq, "MPU-401 irq # for opti9xx driver.");
+module_param_hw(dma1, int, dma, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "1st dma # for opti9xx driver.");
+#if defined(CS4231) || defined(OPTi93X)
+module_param_hw(dma2, int, dma, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "2nd dma # for opti9xx driver.");
+#endif	/* CS4231 || OPTi93X */
+
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_82C928	1
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_82C929	2
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_82C924	3
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_82C925	4
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_82C930	5
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_82C931	6
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_82C933	7
+#define OPTi9XX_HW_LAST		OPTi9XX_HW_82C933
+
+#define OPTi9XX_MC_REG(n)	n
+
+#ifdef OPTi93X
+
+#define OPTi93X_STATUS			0x02
+#define OPTi93X_PORT(chip, r)		((chip)->port + OPTi93X_##r)
+
+#define OPTi93X_IRQ_PLAYBACK		0x04
+#define OPTi93X_IRQ_CAPTURE		0x08
+
+#endif /* OPTi93X */
+
+struct snd_opti9xx {
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	unsigned short hardware;
+	unsigned char password;
+	char name[7];
+
+	unsigned long mc_base;
+	struct resource *res_mc_base;
+	unsigned long mc_base_size;
+#ifdef OPTi93X
+	unsigned long mc_indir_index;
+	struct resource *res_mc_indir;
+#endif	/* OPTi93X */
+	struct snd_wss *codec;
+	unsigned long pwd_reg;
+
+	spinlock_t lock;
+
+	long wss_base;
+	int irq;
+};
+
+static int snd_opti9xx_pnp_is_probed;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id snd_opti9xx_pnpids[] = {
+#ifndef OPTi93X
+	/* OPTi 82C924 */
+	{ .id = "OPT0924",
+	  .devs = { { "OPT0000" }, { "OPT0002" }, { "OPT0005" } },
+	  .driver_data = 0x0924 },
+	/* OPTi 82C925 */
+	{ .id = "OPT0925",
+	  .devs = { { "OPT9250" }, { "OPT0002" }, { "OPT0005" } },
+	  .driver_data = 0x0925 },
+#else
+	/* OPTi 82C931/3 */
+	{ .id = "OPT0931", .devs = { { "OPT9310" }, { "OPT0002" } },
+	  .driver_data = 0x0931 },
+#endif	/* OPTi93X */
+	{ .id = "" }
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_opti9xx_pnpids);
+
+#endif	/* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+#define DEV_NAME KBUILD_MODNAME
+
+static const char * const snd_opti9xx_names[] = {
+	"unknown",
+	"82C928",	"82C929",
+	"82C924",	"82C925",
+	"82C930",	"82C931",	"82C933"
+};
+
+static int snd_opti9xx_init(struct snd_opti9xx *chip,
+			    unsigned short hardware)
+{
+	static const int opti9xx_mc_size[] = {7, 7, 10, 10, 2, 2, 2};
+
+	chip->hardware = hardware;
+	strscpy(chip->name, snd_opti9xx_names[hardware]);
+
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->lock);
+
+	chip->irq = -1;
+
+#ifndef OPTi93X
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (isapnp && chip->mc_base)
+		/* PnP resource gives the least 10 bits */
+		chip->mc_base |= 0xc00;
+	else
+#endif	/* CONFIG_PNP */
+	{
+		chip->mc_base = 0xf8c;
+		chip->mc_base_size = opti9xx_mc_size[hardware];
+	}
+#else
+		chip->mc_base_size = opti9xx_mc_size[hardware];
+#endif
+
+	switch (hardware) {
+#ifndef OPTi93X
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C928:
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C929:
+		chip->password = (hardware == OPTi9XX_HW_82C928) ? 0xe2 : 0xe3;
+		chip->pwd_reg = 3;
+		break;
+
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C924:
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C925:
+		chip->password = 0xe5;
+		chip->pwd_reg = 3;
+		break;
+#else	/* OPTi93X */
+
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C930:
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C931:
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C933:
+		chip->mc_base = (hardware == OPTi9XX_HW_82C930) ? 0xf8f : 0xf8d;
+		if (!chip->mc_indir_index)
+			chip->mc_indir_index = 0xe0e;
+		chip->password = 0xe4;
+		chip->pwd_reg = 0;
+		break;
+#endif	/* OPTi93X */
+
+	default:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "chip %d not supported\n", hardware);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned char snd_opti9xx_read(struct snd_opti9xx *chip,
+				      unsigned char reg)
+{
+	unsigned char retval = 0xff;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+	outb(chip->password, chip->mc_base + chip->pwd_reg);
+
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+#ifndef OPTi93X
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C924:
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C925:
+		if (reg > 7) {
+			outb(reg, chip->mc_base + 8);
+			outb(chip->password, chip->mc_base + chip->pwd_reg);
+			retval = inb(chip->mc_base + 9);
+			break;
+		}
+		fallthrough;
+
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C928:
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C929:
+		retval = inb(chip->mc_base + reg);
+		break;
+#else	/* OPTi93X */
+
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C930:
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C931:
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C933:
+		outb(reg, chip->mc_indir_index);
+		outb(chip->password, chip->mc_base + chip->pwd_reg);
+		retval = inb(chip->mc_indir_index + 1);
+		break;
+#endif	/* OPTi93X */
+
+	default:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "chip %d not supported\n", chip->hardware);
+	}
+
+	return retval;
+}
+
+static void snd_opti9xx_write(struct snd_opti9xx *chip, unsigned char reg,
+			      unsigned char value)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->lock);
+	outb(chip->password, chip->mc_base + chip->pwd_reg);
+
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+#ifndef OPTi93X
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C924:
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C925:
+		if (reg > 7) {
+			outb(reg, chip->mc_base + 8);
+			outb(chip->password, chip->mc_base + chip->pwd_reg);
+			outb(value, chip->mc_base + 9);
+			break;
+		}
+		fallthrough;
+
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C928:
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C929:
+		outb(value, chip->mc_base + reg);
+		break;
+#else	/* OPTi93X */
+
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C930:
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C931:
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C933:
+		outb(reg, chip->mc_indir_index);
+		outb(chip->password, chip->mc_base + chip->pwd_reg);
+		outb(value, chip->mc_indir_index + 1);
+		break;
+#endif	/* OPTi93X */
+
+	default:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "chip %d not supported\n", chip->hardware);
+	}
+}
+
+
+static inline void snd_opti9xx_write_mask(struct snd_opti9xx *chip,
+		unsigned char reg, unsigned char value, unsigned char mask)
+{
+	unsigned char oldval = snd_opti9xx_read(chip, reg);
+
+	snd_opti9xx_write(chip, reg, (oldval & ~mask) | (value & mask));
+}
+
+static int snd_opti9xx_configure(struct snd_opti9xx *chip,
+					   long port,
+					   int irq, int dma1, int dma2,
+					   long mpu_port, int mpu_irq)
+{
+	unsigned char wss_base_bits;
+	unsigned char irq_bits;
+	unsigned char dma_bits;
+	unsigned char mpu_port_bits = 0;
+	unsigned char mpu_irq_bits;
+
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+#ifndef OPTi93X
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C924:
+		/* opti 929 mode (?), OPL3 clock output, audio enable */
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(4), 0xf0, 0xfc);
+		/* enable wave audio */
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(6), 0x02, 0x02);
+		fallthrough;
+
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C925:
+		/* enable WSS mode */
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(1), 0x80, 0x80);
+		/* OPL3 FM synthesis */
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(2), 0x00, 0x20);
+		/* disable Sound Blaster IRQ and DMA */
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(3), 0xf0, 0xff);
+#ifdef CS4231
+		/* cs4231/4248 fix enabled */
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(5), 0x02, 0x02);
+#else
+		/* cs4231/4248 fix disabled */
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(5), 0x00, 0x02);
+#endif	/* CS4231 */
+		break;
+
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C928:
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C929:
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(1), 0x80, 0x80);
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(2), 0x00, 0x20);
+		/*
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(3), 0xa2, 0xae);
+		*/
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(4), 0x00, 0x0c);
+#ifdef CS4231
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(5), 0x02, 0x02);
+#else
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(5), 0x00, 0x02);
+#endif	/* CS4231 */
+		break;
+
+#else	/* OPTi93X */
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C931:
+		/* disable 3D sound (set GPIO1 as output, low) */
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(20), 0x04, 0x0c);
+		fallthrough;
+
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C933:
+		/*
+		 * The BTC 1817DW has QS1000 wavetable which is connected
+		 * to the serial digital input of the OPTI931.
+		 */
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(21), 0x82, 0xff);
+		/* 
+		 * This bit sets OPTI931 to automaticaly select FM
+		 * or digital input signal.
+		 */
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(26), 0x01, 0x01);
+		fallthrough;
+
+	case OPTi9XX_HW_82C930:
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(6), 0x02, 0x03);
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(3), 0x00, 0xff);
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(4), 0x10 |
+			(chip->hardware == OPTi9XX_HW_82C930 ? 0x00 : 0x04),
+			0x34);
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(5), 0x20, 0xbf);
+		break;
+#endif	/* OPTi93X */
+
+	default:
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "chip %d not supported\n", chip->hardware);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/* PnP resource says it decodes only 10 bits of address */
+	switch (port & 0x3ff) {
+	case 0x130:
+		chip->wss_base = 0x530;
+		wss_base_bits = 0x00;
+		break;
+	case 0x204:
+		chip->wss_base = 0x604;
+		wss_base_bits = 0x03;
+		break;
+	case 0x280:
+		chip->wss_base = 0xe80;
+		wss_base_bits = 0x01;
+		break;
+	case 0x340:
+		chip->wss_base = 0xf40;
+		wss_base_bits = 0x02;
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_warn(chip->card->dev, "WSS port 0x%lx not valid\n", port);
+		goto __skip_base;
+	}
+	snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(1), wss_base_bits << 4, 0x30);
+
+__skip_base:
+	switch (irq) {
+//#ifdef OPTi93X
+	case 5:
+		irq_bits = 0x05;
+		break;
+//#endif	/* OPTi93X */
+	case 7:
+		irq_bits = 0x01;
+		break;
+	case 9:
+		irq_bits = 0x02;
+		break;
+	case 10:
+		irq_bits = 0x03;
+		break;
+	case 11:
+		irq_bits = 0x04;
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_warn(chip->card->dev, "WSS irq # %d not valid\n", irq);
+		goto __skip_resources;
+	}
+
+	switch (dma1) {
+	case 0:
+		dma_bits = 0x01;
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		dma_bits = 0x02;
+		break;
+	case 3:
+		dma_bits = 0x03;
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_warn(chip->card->dev, "WSS dma1 # %d not valid\n", dma1);
+		goto __skip_resources;
+	}
+
+#if defined(CS4231) || defined(OPTi93X)
+	if (dma1 == dma2) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "don't want to share dmas\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	switch (dma2) {
+	case 0:
+	case 1:
+		break;
+	default:
+		dev_warn(chip->card->dev, "WSS dma2 # %d not valid\n", dma2);
+		goto __skip_resources;
+	}
+	dma_bits |= 0x04;
+#endif	/* CS4231 || OPTi93X */
+
+#ifndef OPTi93X
+	outb(irq_bits << 3 | dma_bits, chip->wss_base);
+#else /* OPTi93X */
+	snd_opti9xx_write(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(3), (irq_bits << 3 | dma_bits));
+#endif /* OPTi93X */
+
+__skip_resources:
+	if (chip->hardware > OPTi9XX_HW_82C928) {
+		switch (mpu_port) {
+		case 0:
+		case -1:
+			break;
+		case 0x300:
+			mpu_port_bits = 0x03;
+			break;
+		case 0x310:
+			mpu_port_bits = 0x02;
+			break;
+		case 0x320:
+			mpu_port_bits = 0x01;
+			break;
+		case 0x330:
+			mpu_port_bits = 0x00;
+			break;
+		default:
+			dev_warn(chip->card->dev,
+				 "MPU-401 port 0x%lx not valid\n", mpu_port);
+			goto __skip_mpu;
+		}
+
+		switch (mpu_irq) {
+		case 5:
+			mpu_irq_bits = 0x02;
+			break;
+		case 7:
+			mpu_irq_bits = 0x03;
+			break;
+		case 9:
+			mpu_irq_bits = 0x00;
+			break;
+		case 10:
+			mpu_irq_bits = 0x01;
+			break;
+		default:
+			dev_warn(chip->card->dev, "MPU-401 irq # %d not valid\n",
+				 mpu_irq);
+			goto __skip_mpu;
+		}
+
+		snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(6),
+			(mpu_port <= 0) ? 0x00 :
+				0x80 | mpu_port_bits << 5 | mpu_irq_bits << 3,
+			0xf8);
+	}
+__skip_mpu:
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef OPTi93X
+
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_5bit_3db_step, -9300, 300, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_5bit, -4650, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_4bit_12db_max, -3300, 300, 0);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_opti93x_controls[] = {
+WSS_DOUBLE("Master Playback Switch", 0,
+		OPTi93X_OUT_LEFT, OPTi93X_OUT_RIGHT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("Master Playback Volume", 0,
+		OPTi93X_OUT_LEFT, OPTi93X_OUT_RIGHT, 1, 1, 31, 1,
+		db_scale_5bit_3db_step),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("PCM Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_OUTPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_OUTPUT, 0, 0, 31, 1,
+		db_scale_5bit),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("FM Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT, 1, 1, 15, 1,
+		db_scale_4bit_12db_max),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Line Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_LINE_IN, CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("Line Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_LINE_IN, CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN, 0, 0, 15, 1,
+		db_scale_4bit_12db_max),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Mic Playback Switch", 0,
+		OPTi93X_MIC_LEFT_INPUT, OPTi93X_MIC_RIGHT_INPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("Mic Playback Volume", 0,
+		OPTi93X_MIC_LEFT_INPUT, OPTi93X_MIC_RIGHT_INPUT, 1, 1, 15, 1,
+		db_scale_4bit_12db_max),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("CD Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX1_RIGHT_INPUT, 1, 1, 15, 1,
+		db_scale_4bit_12db_max),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Aux Playback Switch", 0,
+		OPTi931_AUX_LEFT_INPUT, OPTi931_AUX_RIGHT_INPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("Aux Playback Volume", 0,
+		OPTi931_AUX_LEFT_INPUT, OPTi931_AUX_RIGHT_INPUT, 1, 1, 15, 1,
+		db_scale_4bit_12db_max),
+};
+
+static int snd_opti93x_mixer(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	unsigned int idx;
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_id id1, id2;
+	int err;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip || !chip->pcm))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	card = chip->card;
+
+	strscpy(card->mixername, chip->pcm->name);
+
+	memset(&id1, 0, sizeof(id1));
+	memset(&id2, 0, sizeof(id2));
+	id1.iface = id2.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+	/* reassign AUX0 switch to CD */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch");
+	strscpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Switch");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "Cannot rename opti93x control\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	/* reassign AUX1 switch to FM */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch"); id1.index = 1;
+	strscpy(id2.name, "FM Playback Switch");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "Cannot rename opti93x control\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	/* remove AUX1 volume */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume"); id1.index = 1;
+	snd_ctl_remove_id(card, &id1);
+
+	/* Replace WSS volume controls with OPTi93x volume controls */
+	id1.index = 0;
+	for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(snd_opti93x_controls); idx++) {
+		strscpy(id1.name, snd_opti93x_controls[idx].name);
+		snd_ctl_remove_id(card, &id1);
+
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card,
+				snd_ctl_new1(&snd_opti93x_controls[idx], chip));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_opti93x_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct snd_opti9xx *chip = dev_id;
+	struct snd_wss *codec = chip->codec;
+	unsigned char status;
+
+	if (!codec)
+		return IRQ_HANDLED;
+
+	status = snd_opti9xx_read(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(11));
+	if ((status & OPTi93X_IRQ_PLAYBACK) && codec->playback_substream)
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(codec->playback_substream);
+	if ((status & OPTi93X_IRQ_CAPTURE) && codec->capture_substream) {
+		snd_wss_overrange(codec);
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(codec->capture_substream);
+	}
+	outb(0x00, OPTi93X_PORT(codec, STATUS));
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+#endif /* OPTi93X */
+
+static int snd_opti9xx_read_check(struct snd_card *card,
+				  struct snd_opti9xx *chip)
+{
+	unsigned char value;
+
+	chip->res_mc_base =
+		devm_request_region(card->dev, chip->mc_base,
+				    chip->mc_base_size, "OPTi9xx MC");
+	if (!chip->res_mc_base)
+		return -EBUSY;
+#ifndef OPTi93X
+	value = snd_opti9xx_read(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(1));
+	if (value != 0xff && value != inb(chip->mc_base + OPTi9XX_MC_REG(1)))
+		if (value == snd_opti9xx_read(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(1)))
+			return 0;
+#else	/* OPTi93X */
+	chip->res_mc_indir =
+		devm_request_region(card->dev, chip->mc_indir_index, 2,
+				    "OPTi93x MC");
+	if (!chip->res_mc_indir)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->lock) {
+		outb(chip->password, chip->mc_base + chip->pwd_reg);
+		outb(((chip->mc_indir_index & 0x1f0) >> 4), chip->mc_base);
+	}
+
+	value = snd_opti9xx_read(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(7));
+	snd_opti9xx_write(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(7), 0xff - value);
+	if (snd_opti9xx_read(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(7)) == 0xff - value)
+		return 0;
+
+	devm_release_resource(card->dev, chip->res_mc_indir);
+	chip->res_mc_indir = NULL;
+#endif	/* OPTi93X */
+	devm_release_resource(card->dev, chip->res_mc_base);
+	chip->res_mc_base = NULL;
+
+	return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+static int snd_card_opti9xx_detect(struct snd_card *card,
+				   struct snd_opti9xx *chip)
+{
+	int i, err;
+
+#ifndef OPTi93X
+	for (i = OPTi9XX_HW_82C928; i < OPTi9XX_HW_82C930; i++) {
+#else
+	for (i = OPTi9XX_HW_82C931; i >= OPTi9XX_HW_82C930; i--) {
+#endif
+		err = snd_opti9xx_init(chip, i);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+
+		err = snd_opti9xx_read_check(card, chip);
+		if (err == 0)
+			return 1;
+#ifdef OPTi93X
+		chip->mc_indir_index = 0;
+#endif
+	}
+	return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int snd_card_opti9xx_pnp(struct snd_opti9xx *chip,
+				struct pnp_card_link *card,
+				const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	struct pnp_dev *pdev;
+	int err;
+	struct pnp_dev *devmpu;
+#ifndef OPTi93X
+	struct pnp_dev *devmc;
+#endif
+
+	pdev = pnp_request_card_device(card, pid->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (pdev == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "AUDIO pnp configure failure: %d\n", err);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+#ifdef OPTi93X
+	port = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0) - 4;
+	fm_port = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1) + 8;
+	/* adjust mc_indir_index - some cards report it at 0xe?d,
+	   other at 0xe?c but it really is always at 0xe?e */
+	chip->mc_indir_index = (pnp_port_start(pdev, 3) & ~0xf) | 0xe;
+#else
+	devmc = pnp_request_card_device(card, pid->devs[2].id, NULL);
+	if (devmc == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(devmc);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "MC pnp configure failure: %d\n", err);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	port = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1);
+	fm_port = pnp_port_start(pdev, 2) + 8;
+	/*
+	 * The MC(0) is never accessed and card does not
+	 * include it in the PnP resource range. OPTI93x include it.
+	 */
+	chip->mc_base = pnp_port_start(devmc, 0) - 1;
+	chip->mc_base_size = pnp_port_len(devmc, 0) + 1;
+#endif	/* OPTi93X */
+	irq = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+	dma1 = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+#if defined(CS4231) || defined(OPTi93X)
+	dma2 = pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
+#endif	/* CS4231 || OPTi93X */
+
+	devmpu = pnp_request_card_device(card, pid->devs[1].id, NULL);
+
+	if (devmpu && mpu_port > 0) {
+		err = pnp_activate_dev(devmpu);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev, "MPU401 pnp configure failure\n");
+			mpu_port = -1;
+		} else {
+			mpu_port = pnp_port_start(devmpu, 0);
+			mpu_irq = pnp_irq(devmpu, 0);
+		}
+	}
+	return pid->driver_data;
+}
+#endif	/* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static int snd_opti9xx_probe(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	static const long possible_ports[] = {0x530, 0xe80, 0xf40, 0x604, -1};
+	int error;
+	int xdma2;
+	struct snd_opti9xx *chip = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_wss *codec;
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	struct snd_hwdep *synth;
+
+#if defined(CS4231) || defined(OPTi93X)
+	xdma2 = dma2;
+#else
+	xdma2 = -1;
+#endif
+
+	if (port == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		port = snd_legacy_find_free_ioport(possible_ports, 4);
+		if (port < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "unable to find a free WSS port\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	error = snd_opti9xx_configure(chip, port, irq, dma1, xdma2,
+				      mpu_port, mpu_irq);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_wss_create(card, chip->wss_base + 4, -1, irq, dma1, xdma2,
+#ifdef OPTi93X
+			       WSS_HW_OPTI93X, WSS_HWSHARE_IRQ,
+#else
+			       WSS_HW_DETECT, 0,
+#endif
+			       &codec);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	chip->codec = codec;
+	error = snd_wss_pcm(codec, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	error = snd_wss_mixer(codec);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+#ifdef OPTi93X
+	error = snd_opti93x_mixer(codec);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+#endif
+#ifdef CS4231
+	error = snd_wss_timer(codec, 0);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+#endif
+#ifdef OPTi93X
+	error = devm_request_irq(card->dev, irq, snd_opti93x_interrupt,
+				 0, DEV_NAME" - WSS", chip);
+	if (error < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "opti9xx: can't grab IRQ %d\n", irq);
+		return error;
+	}
+#endif
+	chip->irq = irq;
+	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
+	strscpy(card->driver, chip->name);
+	sprintf(card->shortname, "OPTi %s", card->driver);
+#if defined(CS4231) || defined(OPTi93X)
+	scnprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
+		  "%s, %s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d&%d",
+		  card->shortname, codec->pcm->name,
+		  chip->wss_base + 4, irq, dma1, xdma2);
+#else
+	scnprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
+		  "%s, %s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d",
+		  card->shortname, codec->pcm->name, chip->wss_base + 4, irq,
+		  dma1);
+#endif	/* CS4231 || OPTi93X */
+
+	if (mpu_port <= 0 || mpu_port == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		rmidi = NULL;
+	else {
+		error = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_MPU401,
+				mpu_port, 0, mpu_irq, &rmidi);
+		if (error)
+			dev_warn(card->dev, "no MPU-401 device at 0x%lx?\n",
+				 mpu_port);
+	}
+
+	if (fm_port > 0 && fm_port != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		struct snd_opl3 *opl3 = NULL;
+#ifndef OPTi93X
+		if (chip->hardware == OPTi9XX_HW_82C928 ||
+		    chip->hardware == OPTi9XX_HW_82C929 ||
+		    chip->hardware == OPTi9XX_HW_82C924) {
+			struct snd_opl4 *opl4;
+			/* assume we have an OPL4 */
+			snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(2),
+					       0x20, 0x20);
+			if (snd_opl4_create(card, fm_port, fm_port - 8,
+					    2, &opl3, &opl4) < 0) {
+				/* no luck, use OPL3 instead */
+				snd_opti9xx_write_mask(chip, OPTi9XX_MC_REG(2),
+						       0x00, 0x20);
+			}
+		}
+#endif	/* !OPTi93X */
+		if (!opl3 && snd_opl3_create(card, fm_port, fm_port + 2,
+					     OPL3_HW_AUTO, 0, &opl3) < 0) {
+			dev_warn(card->dev, "no OPL device at 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
+				 fm_port, fm_port + 4 - 1);
+		}
+		if (opl3) {
+			error = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, &synth);
+			if (error < 0)
+				return error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return snd_card_register(card);
+}
+
+static int snd_opti9xx_card_new(struct device *pdev, struct snd_card **cardp)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(pdev, index, id, THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_opti9xx), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_opti9xx_isa_match(struct device *devptr,
+				 unsigned int dev)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (snd_opti9xx_pnp_is_probed)
+		return 0;
+	if (isapnp)
+		return 0;
+#endif
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_opti9xx_isa_probe(struct device *devptr,
+				 unsigned int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int error;
+	static const long possible_mpu_ports[] = {0x300, 0x310, 0x320, 0x330, -1};
+#ifdef OPTi93X
+	static const int possible_irqs[] = {5, 9, 10, 11, 7, -1};
+#else
+	static const int possible_irqs[] = {9, 10, 11, 7, -1};
+#endif	/* OPTi93X */
+	static const int possible_mpu_irqs[] = {5, 9, 10, 7, -1};
+	static const int possible_dma1s[] = {3, 1, 0, -1};
+#if defined(CS4231) || defined(OPTi93X)
+	static const int possible_dma2s[][2] = {{1,-1}, {0,-1}, {-1,-1}, {0,-1}};
+#endif	/* CS4231 || OPTi93X */
+
+	if (mpu_port == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		mpu_port = snd_legacy_find_free_ioport(possible_mpu_ports, 2);
+		if (mpu_port < 0) {
+			dev_err(devptr, "unable to find a free MPU401 port\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (irq == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		irq = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (irq < 0) {
+			dev_err(devptr, "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (mpu_irq == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		mpu_irq = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_mpu_irqs);
+		if (mpu_irq < 0) {
+			dev_err(devptr, "unable to find a free MPU401 IRQ\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma1 == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma1 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dma1s);
+		if (dma1 < 0) {
+			dev_err(devptr, "unable to find a free DMA1\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+#if defined(CS4231) || defined(OPTi93X)
+	if (dma2 == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma2 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dma2s[dma1 % 4]);
+		if (dma2 < 0) {
+			dev_err(devptr, "unable to find a free DMA2\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+
+	error = snd_opti9xx_card_new(devptr, &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+
+	error = snd_card_opti9xx_detect(card, card->private_data);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	error = snd_opti9xx_probe(card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	dev_set_drvdata(devptr, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_opti9xx_suspend(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_opti9xx *chip = card->private_data;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	chip->codec->suspend(chip->codec);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_opti9xx_resume(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_opti9xx *chip = card->private_data;
+	int error, xdma2;
+#if defined(CS4231) || defined(OPTi93X)
+	xdma2 = dma2;
+#else
+	xdma2 = -1;
+#endif
+
+	error = snd_opti9xx_configure(chip, port, irq, dma1, xdma2,
+				      mpu_port, mpu_irq);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+	chip->codec->resume(chip->codec);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_opti9xx_isa_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+				   pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_opti9xx_suspend(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+
+static int snd_opti9xx_isa_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	return snd_opti9xx_resume(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_opti9xx_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_opti9xx_isa_match,
+	.probe		= snd_opti9xx_isa_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_opti9xx_isa_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_opti9xx_isa_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	},
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int snd_opti9xx_pnp_probe(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				 const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int error, hw;
+	struct snd_opti9xx *chip;
+
+	if (snd_opti9xx_pnp_is_probed)
+		return -EBUSY;
+	if (! isapnp)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	error = snd_opti9xx_card_new(&pcard->card->dev, &card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	chip = card->private_data;
+	chip->card = card;
+
+	hw = snd_card_opti9xx_pnp(chip, pcard, pid);
+	switch (hw) {
+	case 0x0924:
+		hw = OPTi9XX_HW_82C924;
+		break;
+	case 0x0925:
+		hw = OPTi9XX_HW_82C925;
+		break;
+	case 0x0931:
+		hw = OPTi9XX_HW_82C931;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	error = snd_opti9xx_init(chip, hw);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+	error = snd_opti9xx_read_check(card, chip);
+	if (error) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "OPTI chip not found\n");
+		return error;
+	}
+	error = snd_opti9xx_probe(card);
+	if (error < 0)
+		return error;
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	snd_opti9xx_pnp_is_probed = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_opti9xx_pnp_remove(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	snd_opti9xx_pnp_is_probed = 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_opti9xx_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				   pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_opti9xx_suspend(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+
+static int snd_opti9xx_pnp_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	return snd_opti9xx_resume(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver opti9xx_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags		= PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
+	.name		= DEV_NAME,
+	.id_table	= snd_opti9xx_pnpids,
+	.probe		= snd_opti9xx_pnp_probe,
+	.remove		= snd_opti9xx_pnp_remove,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_opti9xx_pnp_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_opti9xx_pnp_resume,
+#endif
+};
+#endif
+
+#ifdef OPTi93X
+#define CHIP_NAME	"82C93x"
+#else
+#define CHIP_NAME	"82C92x"
+#endif
+
+static int __init alsa_card_opti9xx_init(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	pnp_register_card_driver(&opti9xx_pnpc_driver);
+	if (snd_opti9xx_pnp_is_probed)
+		return 0;
+	pnp_unregister_card_driver(&opti9xx_pnpc_driver);
+#endif
+	return isa_register_driver(&snd_opti9xx_driver, 1);
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_card_opti9xx_exit(void)
+{
+	if (!snd_opti9xx_pnp_is_probed) {
+		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_opti9xx_driver);
+		return;
+	}
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	pnp_unregister_card_driver(&opti9xx_pnpc_driver);
+#endif
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_card_opti9xx_init)
+module_exit(alsa_card_opti9xx_exit)
diff --git a/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti92x-cs4231.c b/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti92x-cs4231.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e27dc9093
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti92x-cs4231.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#define CS4231
+#include "opti92x-ad1848.c"
diff --git a/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti93x.c b/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti93x.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cd1fa4635
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/opti9xx/opti93x.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#define OPTi93X
+#include "opti92x-ad1848.c"
+
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/Makefile b/sound/isa/sb/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..96a926feb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#
+# Makefile for ALSA
+# Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+#
+
+snd-sb-common-y := sb_common.o sb_mixer.o
+snd-sb8-dsp-y := sb8_main.o sb8_midi.o
+snd-sb16-dsp-y := sb16_main.o
+snd-sb16-csp-y := sb16_csp.o
+snd-sb8-y := sb8.o
+snd-sb16-y := sb16.o
+snd-sbawe-y := sbawe.o emu8000.o
+snd-emu8000-synth-y := emu8000_synth.o emu8000_callback.o emu8000_patch.o emu8000_pcm.o
+snd-jazz16-y := jazz16.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SB_COMMON) += snd-sb-common.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SB16_DSP) += snd-sb16-dsp.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SB8_DSP) += snd-sb8-dsp.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SB8) += snd-sb8.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SB16) += snd-sb16.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SBAWE) += snd-sbawe.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_JAZZ16) += snd-jazz16.o
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_SND_SB16_CSP),y)
+  obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SB16) += snd-sb16-csp.o
+  obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SBAWE) += snd-sb16-csp.o
+endif
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_SBAWE_SEQ) += snd-emu8000-synth.o
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/emu8000.c b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..12c296ee3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1111 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *     and (c) 1999 Steve Ratcliffe <steve@parabola.demon.co.uk>
+ *  Copyright (C) 1999-2000 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
+ *
+ *  Routines for control of EMU8000 chip
+ */
+
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/export.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/emu8000.h>
+#include <sound/emu8000_reg.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+/*
+ * emu8000 register controls
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The following routines read and write registers on the emu8000.  They
+ * should always be called via the EMU8000*READ/WRITE macros and never
+ * directly.  The macros handle the port number and command word.
+ */
+/* Write a word */
+void snd_emu8000_poke(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, unsigned int port, unsigned int reg, unsigned int val)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&emu->reg_lock);
+	if (reg != emu->last_reg) {
+		outw((unsigned short)reg, EMU8000_PTR(emu)); /* Set register */
+		emu->last_reg = reg;
+	}
+	outw((unsigned short)val, port); /* Send data */
+}
+
+/* Read a word */
+unsigned short snd_emu8000_peek(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, unsigned int port, unsigned int reg)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&emu->reg_lock);
+	if (reg != emu->last_reg) {
+		outw((unsigned short)reg, EMU8000_PTR(emu)); /* Set register */
+		emu->last_reg = reg;
+	}
+	return inw(port);	/* Read data */
+}
+
+/* Write a double word */
+void snd_emu8000_poke_dw(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, unsigned int port, unsigned int reg, unsigned int val)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&emu->reg_lock);
+	if (reg != emu->last_reg) {
+		outw((unsigned short)reg, EMU8000_PTR(emu)); /* Set register */
+		emu->last_reg = reg;
+	}
+	outw((unsigned short)val, port); /* Send low word of data */
+	outw((unsigned short)(val>>16), port+2); /* Send high word of data */
+}
+
+/* Read a double word */
+unsigned int snd_emu8000_peek_dw(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, unsigned int port, unsigned int reg)
+{
+	unsigned short low;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&emu->reg_lock);
+	if (reg != emu->last_reg) {
+		outw((unsigned short)reg, EMU8000_PTR(emu)); /* Set register */
+		emu->last_reg = reg;
+	}
+	low = inw(port);	/* Read low word of data */
+	return low + (inw(port+2) << 16);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set up / close a channel to be used for DMA.
+ */
+/*exported*/ void
+snd_emu8000_dma_chan(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int ch, int mode)
+{
+	unsigned right_bit = (mode & EMU8000_RAM_RIGHT) ? 0x01000000 : 0;
+	mode &= EMU8000_RAM_MODE_MASK;
+	if (mode == EMU8000_RAM_CLOSE) {
+		EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(emu, ch, 0x807F);
+		return;
+	}
+	EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(emu, ch, 0x80);
+	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+	EMU8000_CVCF_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+	EMU8000_PTRX_WRITE(emu, ch, 0x40000000);
+	EMU8000_CPF_WRITE(emu, ch, 0x40000000);
+	EMU8000_PSST_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+	EMU8000_CSL_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+	if (mode == EMU8000_RAM_WRITE) /* DMA write */
+		EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(emu, ch, 0x06000000 | right_bit);
+	else	   /* DMA read */
+		EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(emu, ch, 0x04000000 | right_bit);
+}
+
+/*
+ */
+static void
+snd_emu8000_read_wait(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	while ((EMU8000_SMALR_READ(emu) & 0x80000000) != 0) {
+		schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
+		if (signal_pending(current))
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ */
+static void
+snd_emu8000_write_wait(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	while ((EMU8000_SMALW_READ(emu) & 0x80000000) != 0) {
+		schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
+		if (signal_pending(current))
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * detect a card at the given port
+ */
+static int
+snd_emu8000_detect(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	/* Initialise */
+	EMU8000_HWCF1_WRITE(emu, 0x0059);
+	EMU8000_HWCF2_WRITE(emu, 0x0020);
+	EMU8000_HWCF3_WRITE(emu, 0x0000);
+	/* Check for a recognisable emu8000 */
+	/*
+	if ((EMU8000_U1_READ(emu) & 0x000f) != 0x000c)
+		return -ENODEV;
+		*/
+	if ((EMU8000_HWCF1_READ(emu) & 0x007e) != 0x0058)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	if ((EMU8000_HWCF2_READ(emu) & 0x0003) != 0x0003)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	dev_dbg(emu->card->dev, "EMU8000 [0x%lx]: Synth chip found\n",
+		emu->port1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * intiailize audio channels
+ */
+static void
+init_audio(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	int ch;
+
+	/* turn off envelope engines */
+	for (ch = 0; ch < EMU8000_CHANNELS; ch++)
+		EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(emu, ch, 0x80);
+  
+	/* reset all other parameters to zero */
+	for (ch = 0; ch < EMU8000_CHANNELS; ch++) {
+		EMU8000_ENVVOL_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_ENVVAL_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_DCYSUS_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_ATKHLDV_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_LFO1VAL_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_ATKHLD_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_LFO2VAL_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_IP_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_IFATN_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_PEFE_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_FMMOD_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_TREMFRQ_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_FM2FRQ2_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_PTRX_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_PSST_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_CSL_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+	}
+
+	for (ch = 0; ch < EMU8000_CHANNELS; ch++) {
+		EMU8000_CPF_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+		EMU8000_CVCF_WRITE(emu, ch, 0);
+	}
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * initialize DMA address
+ */
+static void
+init_dma(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	EMU8000_SMALR_WRITE(emu, 0);
+	EMU8000_SMARR_WRITE(emu, 0);
+	EMU8000_SMALW_WRITE(emu, 0);
+	EMU8000_SMARW_WRITE(emu, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * initialization arrays; from ADIP
+ */
+static const unsigned short init1[128] = {
+	0x03ff, 0x0030,  0x07ff, 0x0130, 0x0bff, 0x0230,  0x0fff, 0x0330,
+	0x13ff, 0x0430,  0x17ff, 0x0530, 0x1bff, 0x0630,  0x1fff, 0x0730,
+	0x23ff, 0x0830,  0x27ff, 0x0930, 0x2bff, 0x0a30,  0x2fff, 0x0b30,
+	0x33ff, 0x0c30,  0x37ff, 0x0d30, 0x3bff, 0x0e30,  0x3fff, 0x0f30,
+
+	0x43ff, 0x0030,  0x47ff, 0x0130, 0x4bff, 0x0230,  0x4fff, 0x0330,
+	0x53ff, 0x0430,  0x57ff, 0x0530, 0x5bff, 0x0630,  0x5fff, 0x0730,
+	0x63ff, 0x0830,  0x67ff, 0x0930, 0x6bff, 0x0a30,  0x6fff, 0x0b30,
+	0x73ff, 0x0c30,  0x77ff, 0x0d30, 0x7bff, 0x0e30,  0x7fff, 0x0f30,
+
+	0x83ff, 0x0030,  0x87ff, 0x0130, 0x8bff, 0x0230,  0x8fff, 0x0330,
+	0x93ff, 0x0430,  0x97ff, 0x0530, 0x9bff, 0x0630,  0x9fff, 0x0730,
+	0xa3ff, 0x0830,  0xa7ff, 0x0930, 0xabff, 0x0a30,  0xafff, 0x0b30,
+	0xb3ff, 0x0c30,  0xb7ff, 0x0d30, 0xbbff, 0x0e30,  0xbfff, 0x0f30,
+
+	0xc3ff, 0x0030,  0xc7ff, 0x0130, 0xcbff, 0x0230,  0xcfff, 0x0330,
+	0xd3ff, 0x0430,  0xd7ff, 0x0530, 0xdbff, 0x0630,  0xdfff, 0x0730,
+	0xe3ff, 0x0830,  0xe7ff, 0x0930, 0xebff, 0x0a30,  0xefff, 0x0b30,
+	0xf3ff, 0x0c30,  0xf7ff, 0x0d30, 0xfbff, 0x0e30,  0xffff, 0x0f30,
+};
+
+static const unsigned short init2[128] = {
+	0x03ff, 0x8030, 0x07ff, 0x8130, 0x0bff, 0x8230, 0x0fff, 0x8330,
+	0x13ff, 0x8430, 0x17ff, 0x8530, 0x1bff, 0x8630, 0x1fff, 0x8730,
+	0x23ff, 0x8830, 0x27ff, 0x8930, 0x2bff, 0x8a30, 0x2fff, 0x8b30,
+	0x33ff, 0x8c30, 0x37ff, 0x8d30, 0x3bff, 0x8e30, 0x3fff, 0x8f30,
+
+	0x43ff, 0x8030, 0x47ff, 0x8130, 0x4bff, 0x8230, 0x4fff, 0x8330,
+	0x53ff, 0x8430, 0x57ff, 0x8530, 0x5bff, 0x8630, 0x5fff, 0x8730,
+	0x63ff, 0x8830, 0x67ff, 0x8930, 0x6bff, 0x8a30, 0x6fff, 0x8b30,
+	0x73ff, 0x8c30, 0x77ff, 0x8d30, 0x7bff, 0x8e30, 0x7fff, 0x8f30,
+
+	0x83ff, 0x8030, 0x87ff, 0x8130, 0x8bff, 0x8230, 0x8fff, 0x8330,
+	0x93ff, 0x8430, 0x97ff, 0x8530, 0x9bff, 0x8630, 0x9fff, 0x8730,
+	0xa3ff, 0x8830, 0xa7ff, 0x8930, 0xabff, 0x8a30, 0xafff, 0x8b30,
+	0xb3ff, 0x8c30, 0xb7ff, 0x8d30, 0xbbff, 0x8e30, 0xbfff, 0x8f30,
+
+	0xc3ff, 0x8030, 0xc7ff, 0x8130, 0xcbff, 0x8230, 0xcfff, 0x8330,
+	0xd3ff, 0x8430, 0xd7ff, 0x8530, 0xdbff, 0x8630, 0xdfff, 0x8730,
+	0xe3ff, 0x8830, 0xe7ff, 0x8930, 0xebff, 0x8a30, 0xefff, 0x8b30,
+	0xf3ff, 0x8c30, 0xf7ff, 0x8d30, 0xfbff, 0x8e30, 0xffff, 0x8f30,
+};
+
+static const unsigned short init3[128] = {
+	0x0C10, 0x8470, 0x14FE, 0xB488, 0x167F, 0xA470, 0x18E7, 0x84B5,
+	0x1B6E, 0x842A, 0x1F1D, 0x852A, 0x0DA3, 0x8F7C, 0x167E, 0xF254,
+	0x0000, 0x842A, 0x0001, 0x852A, 0x18E6, 0x8BAA, 0x1B6D, 0xF234,
+	0x229F, 0x8429, 0x2746, 0x8529, 0x1F1C, 0x86E7, 0x229E, 0xF224,
+
+	0x0DA4, 0x8429, 0x2C29, 0x8529, 0x2745, 0x87F6, 0x2C28, 0xF254,
+	0x383B, 0x8428, 0x320F, 0x8528, 0x320E, 0x8F02, 0x1341, 0xF264,
+	0x3EB6, 0x8428, 0x3EB9, 0x8528, 0x383A, 0x8FA9, 0x3EB5, 0xF294,
+	0x3EB7, 0x8474, 0x3EBA, 0x8575, 0x3EB8, 0xC4C3, 0x3EBB, 0xC5C3,
+
+	0x0000, 0xA404, 0x0001, 0xA504, 0x141F, 0x8671, 0x14FD, 0x8287,
+	0x3EBC, 0xE610, 0x3EC8, 0x8C7B, 0x031A, 0x87E6, 0x3EC8, 0x86F7,
+	0x3EC0, 0x821E, 0x3EBE, 0xD208, 0x3EBD, 0x821F, 0x3ECA, 0x8386,
+	0x3EC1, 0x8C03, 0x3EC9, 0x831E, 0x3ECA, 0x8C4C, 0x3EBF, 0x8C55,
+
+	0x3EC9, 0xC208, 0x3EC4, 0xBC84, 0x3EC8, 0x8EAD, 0x3EC8, 0xD308,
+	0x3EC2, 0x8F7E, 0x3ECB, 0x8219, 0x3ECB, 0xD26E, 0x3EC5, 0x831F,
+	0x3EC6, 0xC308, 0x3EC3, 0xB2FF, 0x3EC9, 0x8265, 0x3EC9, 0x8319,
+	0x1342, 0xD36E, 0x3EC7, 0xB3FF, 0x0000, 0x8365, 0x1420, 0x9570,
+};
+
+static const unsigned short init4[128] = {
+	0x0C10, 0x8470, 0x14FE, 0xB488, 0x167F, 0xA470, 0x18E7, 0x84B5,
+	0x1B6E, 0x842A, 0x1F1D, 0x852A, 0x0DA3, 0x0F7C, 0x167E, 0x7254,
+	0x0000, 0x842A, 0x0001, 0x852A, 0x18E6, 0x0BAA, 0x1B6D, 0x7234,
+	0x229F, 0x8429, 0x2746, 0x8529, 0x1F1C, 0x06E7, 0x229E, 0x7224,
+
+	0x0DA4, 0x8429, 0x2C29, 0x8529, 0x2745, 0x07F6, 0x2C28, 0x7254,
+	0x383B, 0x8428, 0x320F, 0x8528, 0x320E, 0x0F02, 0x1341, 0x7264,
+	0x3EB6, 0x8428, 0x3EB9, 0x8528, 0x383A, 0x0FA9, 0x3EB5, 0x7294,
+	0x3EB7, 0x8474, 0x3EBA, 0x8575, 0x3EB8, 0x44C3, 0x3EBB, 0x45C3,
+
+	0x0000, 0xA404, 0x0001, 0xA504, 0x141F, 0x0671, 0x14FD, 0x0287,
+	0x3EBC, 0xE610, 0x3EC8, 0x0C7B, 0x031A, 0x07E6, 0x3EC8, 0x86F7,
+	0x3EC0, 0x821E, 0x3EBE, 0xD208, 0x3EBD, 0x021F, 0x3ECA, 0x0386,
+	0x3EC1, 0x0C03, 0x3EC9, 0x031E, 0x3ECA, 0x8C4C, 0x3EBF, 0x0C55,
+
+	0x3EC9, 0xC208, 0x3EC4, 0xBC84, 0x3EC8, 0x0EAD, 0x3EC8, 0xD308,
+	0x3EC2, 0x8F7E, 0x3ECB, 0x0219, 0x3ECB, 0xD26E, 0x3EC5, 0x031F,
+	0x3EC6, 0xC308, 0x3EC3, 0x32FF, 0x3EC9, 0x0265, 0x3EC9, 0x8319,
+	0x1342, 0xD36E, 0x3EC7, 0x33FF, 0x0000, 0x8365, 0x1420, 0x9570,
+};
+
+/* send an initialization array
+ * Taken from the oss driver, not obvious from the doc how this
+ * is meant to work
+ */
+static void
+send_array(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, const unsigned short *data, int size)
+{
+	int i;
+	const unsigned short *p;
+
+	p = data;
+	for (i = 0; i < size; i++, p++)
+		EMU8000_INIT1_WRITE(emu, i, *p);
+	for (i = 0; i < size; i++, p++)
+		EMU8000_INIT2_WRITE(emu, i, *p);
+	for (i = 0; i < size; i++, p++)
+		EMU8000_INIT3_WRITE(emu, i, *p);
+	for (i = 0; i < size; i++, p++)
+		EMU8000_INIT4_WRITE(emu, i, *p);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Send initialization arrays to start up, this just follows the
+ * initialisation sequence in the adip.
+ */
+static void
+init_arrays(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	send_array(emu, init1, ARRAY_SIZE(init1)/4);
+
+	msleep((1024 * 1000) / 44100); /* wait for 1024 clocks */
+	send_array(emu, init2, ARRAY_SIZE(init2)/4);
+	send_array(emu, init3, ARRAY_SIZE(init3)/4);
+
+	EMU8000_HWCF4_WRITE(emu, 0);
+	EMU8000_HWCF5_WRITE(emu, 0x83);
+	EMU8000_HWCF6_WRITE(emu, 0x8000);
+
+	send_array(emu, init4, ARRAY_SIZE(init4)/4);
+}
+
+
+#define UNIQUE_ID1	0xa5b9
+#define UNIQUE_ID2	0x9d53
+
+/*
+ * Size the onboard memory.
+ * This is written so as not to need arbitrary delays after the write. It
+ * seems that the only way to do this is to use the one channel and keep
+ * reallocating between read and write.
+ */
+static void
+size_dram(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	int i, size;
+
+	if (emu->dram_checked)
+		return;
+
+	size = 0;
+
+	/* write out a magic number */
+	snd_emu8000_dma_chan(emu, 0, EMU8000_RAM_WRITE);
+	snd_emu8000_dma_chan(emu, 1, EMU8000_RAM_READ);
+	EMU8000_SMALW_WRITE(emu, EMU8000_DRAM_OFFSET);
+	EMU8000_SMLD_WRITE(emu, UNIQUE_ID1);
+	snd_emu8000_init_fm(emu); /* This must really be here and not 2 lines back even */
+	snd_emu8000_write_wait(emu);
+
+	/*
+	 * Detect first 512 KiB.  If a write succeeds at the beginning of a
+	 * 512 KiB page we assume that the whole page is there.
+	 */
+	EMU8000_SMALR_WRITE(emu, EMU8000_DRAM_OFFSET);
+	EMU8000_SMLD_READ(emu); /* discard stale data  */
+	if (EMU8000_SMLD_READ(emu) != UNIQUE_ID1)
+		goto skip_detect;   /* No RAM */
+	snd_emu8000_read_wait(emu);
+
+	for (size = 512 * 1024; size < EMU8000_MAX_DRAM; size += 512 * 1024) {
+
+		/* Write a unique data on the test address.
+		 * if the address is out of range, the data is written on
+		 * 0x200000(=EMU8000_DRAM_OFFSET).  Then the id word is
+		 * changed by this data.
+		 */
+		/*snd_emu8000_dma_chan(emu, 0, EMU8000_RAM_WRITE);*/
+		EMU8000_SMALW_WRITE(emu, EMU8000_DRAM_OFFSET + (size>>1));
+		EMU8000_SMLD_WRITE(emu, UNIQUE_ID2);
+		snd_emu8000_write_wait(emu);
+
+		/*
+		 * read the data on the just written DRAM address
+		 * if not the same then we have reached the end of ram.
+		 */
+		/*snd_emu8000_dma_chan(emu, 0, EMU8000_RAM_READ);*/
+		EMU8000_SMALR_WRITE(emu, EMU8000_DRAM_OFFSET + (size>>1));
+		/*snd_emu8000_read_wait(emu);*/
+		EMU8000_SMLD_READ(emu); /* discard stale data  */
+		if (EMU8000_SMLD_READ(emu) != UNIQUE_ID2)
+			break; /* no memory at this address */
+		snd_emu8000_read_wait(emu);
+
+		/*
+		 * If it is the same it could be that the address just
+		 * wraps back to the beginning; so check to see if the
+		 * initial value has been overwritten.
+		 */
+		EMU8000_SMALR_WRITE(emu, EMU8000_DRAM_OFFSET);
+		EMU8000_SMLD_READ(emu); /* discard stale data  */
+		if (EMU8000_SMLD_READ(emu) != UNIQUE_ID1)
+			break; /* we must have wrapped around */
+		snd_emu8000_read_wait(emu);
+
+		/* Otherwise, it's valid memory. */
+	}
+
+skip_detect:
+	/* wait until FULL bit in SMAxW register is false */
+	for (i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
+		if ((EMU8000_SMALW_READ(emu) & 0x80000000) == 0)
+			break;
+		schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
+		if (signal_pending(current))
+			break;
+	}
+	snd_emu8000_dma_chan(emu, 0, EMU8000_RAM_CLOSE);
+	snd_emu8000_dma_chan(emu, 1, EMU8000_RAM_CLOSE);
+
+	pr_info("EMU8000 [0x%lx]: %d KiB on-board DRAM detected\n",
+		    emu->port1, size/1024);
+
+	emu->mem_size = size;
+	emu->dram_checked = 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Initiailise the FM section.  You have to do this to use sample RAM
+ * and therefore lose 2 voices.
+ */
+/*exported*/ void
+snd_emu8000_init_fm(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	/* Initialize the last two channels for DRAM refresh and producing
+	   the reverb and chorus effects for Yamaha OPL-3 synthesizer */
+
+	/* 31: FM left channel, 0xffffe0-0xffffe8 */
+	EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(emu, 30, 0x80);
+	EMU8000_PSST_WRITE(emu, 30, 0xFFFFFFE0); /* full left */
+	EMU8000_CSL_WRITE(emu, 30, 0x00FFFFE8 | (emu->fm_chorus_depth << 24));
+	EMU8000_PTRX_WRITE(emu, 30, (emu->fm_reverb_depth << 8));
+	EMU8000_CPF_WRITE(emu, 30, 0);
+	EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(emu, 30, 0x00FFFFE3);
+
+	/* 32: FM right channel, 0xfffff0-0xfffff8 */
+	EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x80);
+	EMU8000_PSST_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x00FFFFF0); /* full right */
+	EMU8000_CSL_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x00FFFFF8 | (emu->fm_chorus_depth << 24));
+	EMU8000_PTRX_WRITE(emu, 31, (emu->fm_reverb_depth << 8));
+	EMU8000_CPF_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x8000);
+	EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x00FFFFF3);
+
+	snd_emu8000_poke((emu), EMU8000_DATA0(emu), EMU8000_CMD(1, (30)), 0);
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &emu->reg_lock) {
+		while (!(inw(EMU8000_PTR(emu)) & 0x1000))
+			;
+		while ((inw(EMU8000_PTR(emu)) & 0x1000))
+			;
+	}
+	snd_emu8000_poke((emu), EMU8000_DATA0(emu), EMU8000_CMD(1, (30)), 0x4828);
+	/* this is really odd part.. */
+	outb(0x3C, EMU8000_PTR(emu));
+	outb(0, EMU8000_DATA1(emu));
+
+	/* skew volume & cutoff */
+	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(emu, 30, 0x8000FFFF);
+	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x8000FFFF);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * The main initialization routine.
+ */
+static void
+snd_emu8000_init_hw(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	emu->last_reg = 0xffff; /* reset the last register index */
+
+	/* initialize hardware configuration */
+	EMU8000_HWCF1_WRITE(emu, 0x0059);
+	EMU8000_HWCF2_WRITE(emu, 0x0020);
+
+	/* disable audio; this seems to reduce a clicking noise a bit.. */
+	EMU8000_HWCF3_WRITE(emu, 0);
+
+	/* initialize audio channels */
+	init_audio(emu);
+
+	/* initialize DMA */
+	init_dma(emu);
+
+	/* initialize init arrays */
+	init_arrays(emu);
+
+	/*
+	 * Initialize the FM section of the AWE32, this is needed
+	 * for DRAM refresh as well
+	 */
+	snd_emu8000_init_fm(emu);
+
+	/* terminate all voices */
+	for (i = 0; i < EMU8000_DRAM_VOICES; i++)
+		EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(emu, 0, 0x807F);
+	
+	/* check DRAM memory size */
+	size_dram(emu);
+
+	/* enable audio */
+	EMU8000_HWCF3_WRITE(emu, 0x4);
+
+	/* set equzlier, chorus and reverb modes */
+	snd_emu8000_update_equalizer(emu);
+	snd_emu8000_update_chorus_mode(emu);
+	snd_emu8000_update_reverb_mode(emu);
+}
+
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Bass/Treble Equalizer
+ *----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static const unsigned short bass_parm[12][3] = {
+	{0xD26A, 0xD36A, 0x0000}, /* -12 dB */
+	{0xD25B, 0xD35B, 0x0000}, /*  -8 */
+	{0xD24C, 0xD34C, 0x0000}, /*  -6 */
+	{0xD23D, 0xD33D, 0x0000}, /*  -4 */
+	{0xD21F, 0xD31F, 0x0000}, /*  -2 */
+	{0xC208, 0xC308, 0x0001}, /*   0 (HW default) */
+	{0xC219, 0xC319, 0x0001}, /*  +2 */
+	{0xC22A, 0xC32A, 0x0001}, /*  +4 */
+	{0xC24C, 0xC34C, 0x0001}, /*  +6 */
+	{0xC26E, 0xC36E, 0x0001}, /*  +8 */
+	{0xC248, 0xC384, 0x0002}, /* +10 */
+	{0xC26A, 0xC36A, 0x0002}, /* +12 dB */
+};
+
+static const unsigned short treble_parm[12][9] = {
+	{0x821E, 0xC26A, 0x031E, 0xC36A, 0x021E, 0xD208, 0x831E, 0xD308, 0x0001}, /* -12 dB */
+	{0x821E, 0xC25B, 0x031E, 0xC35B, 0x021E, 0xD208, 0x831E, 0xD308, 0x0001},
+	{0x821E, 0xC24C, 0x031E, 0xC34C, 0x021E, 0xD208, 0x831E, 0xD308, 0x0001},
+	{0x821E, 0xC23D, 0x031E, 0xC33D, 0x021E, 0xD208, 0x831E, 0xD308, 0x0001},
+	{0x821E, 0xC21F, 0x031E, 0xC31F, 0x021E, 0xD208, 0x831E, 0xD308, 0x0001},
+	{0x821E, 0xD208, 0x031E, 0xD308, 0x021E, 0xD208, 0x831E, 0xD308, 0x0002},
+	{0x821E, 0xD208, 0x031E, 0xD308, 0x021D, 0xD219, 0x831D, 0xD319, 0x0002},
+	{0x821E, 0xD208, 0x031E, 0xD308, 0x021C, 0xD22A, 0x831C, 0xD32A, 0x0002},
+	{0x821E, 0xD208, 0x031E, 0xD308, 0x021A, 0xD24C, 0x831A, 0xD34C, 0x0002},
+	{0x821E, 0xD208, 0x031E, 0xD308, 0x0219, 0xD26E, 0x8319, 0xD36E, 0x0002}, /* +8 (HW default) */
+	{0x821D, 0xD219, 0x031D, 0xD319, 0x0219, 0xD26E, 0x8319, 0xD36E, 0x0002},
+	{0x821C, 0xD22A, 0x031C, 0xD32A, 0x0219, 0xD26E, 0x8319, 0xD36E, 0x0002}  /* +12 dB */
+};
+
+
+/*
+ * set Emu8000 digital equalizer; from 0 to 11 [-12dB - 12dB]
+ */
+/*exported*/ void
+snd_emu8000_update_equalizer(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	unsigned short w;
+	int bass = emu->bass_level;
+	int treble = emu->treble_level;
+
+	if (bass < 0 || bass > 11 || treble < 0 || treble > 11)
+		return;
+	EMU8000_INIT4_WRITE(emu, 0x01, bass_parm[bass][0]);
+	EMU8000_INIT4_WRITE(emu, 0x11, bass_parm[bass][1]);
+	EMU8000_INIT3_WRITE(emu, 0x11, treble_parm[treble][0]);
+	EMU8000_INIT3_WRITE(emu, 0x13, treble_parm[treble][1]);
+	EMU8000_INIT3_WRITE(emu, 0x1b, treble_parm[treble][2]);
+	EMU8000_INIT4_WRITE(emu, 0x07, treble_parm[treble][3]);
+	EMU8000_INIT4_WRITE(emu, 0x0b, treble_parm[treble][4]);
+	EMU8000_INIT4_WRITE(emu, 0x0d, treble_parm[treble][5]);
+	EMU8000_INIT4_WRITE(emu, 0x17, treble_parm[treble][6]);
+	EMU8000_INIT4_WRITE(emu, 0x19, treble_parm[treble][7]);
+	w = bass_parm[bass][2] + treble_parm[treble][8];
+	EMU8000_INIT4_WRITE(emu, 0x15, (unsigned short)(w + 0x0262));
+	EMU8000_INIT4_WRITE(emu, 0x1d, (unsigned short)(w + 0x8362));
+}
+
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Chorus mode control
+ *----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * chorus mode parameters
+ */
+#define SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_1		0
+#define	SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_2		1
+#define	SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_3		2
+#define	SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_4		3
+#define	SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_FEEDBACK	4
+#define	SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_FLANGER	5
+#define	SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_SHORTDELAY	6
+#define	SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_SHORTDELAY2	7
+#define SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_PREDEFINED	8
+/* user can define chorus modes up to 32 */
+#define SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_NUMBERS	32
+
+struct soundfont_chorus_fx {
+	unsigned short feedback;	/* feedback level (0xE600-0xE6FF) */
+	unsigned short delay_offset;	/* delay (0-0x0DA3) [1/44100 sec] */
+	unsigned short lfo_depth;	/* LFO depth (0xBC00-0xBCFF) */
+	unsigned int delay;	/* right delay (0-0xFFFFFFFF) [1/256/44100 sec] */
+	unsigned int lfo_freq;		/* LFO freq LFO freq (0-0xFFFFFFFF) */
+};
+
+/* 5 parameters for each chorus mode; 3 x 16bit, 2 x 32bit */
+static char chorus_defined[SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_NUMBERS];
+static struct soundfont_chorus_fx chorus_parm[SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_NUMBERS] = {
+	{0xE600, 0x03F6, 0xBC2C ,0x00000000, 0x0000006D}, /* chorus 1 */
+	{0xE608, 0x031A, 0xBC6E, 0x00000000, 0x0000017C}, /* chorus 2 */
+	{0xE610, 0x031A, 0xBC84, 0x00000000, 0x00000083}, /* chorus 3 */
+	{0xE620, 0x0269, 0xBC6E, 0x00000000, 0x0000017C}, /* chorus 4 */
+	{0xE680, 0x04D3, 0xBCA6, 0x00000000, 0x0000005B}, /* feedback */
+	{0xE6E0, 0x044E, 0xBC37, 0x00000000, 0x00000026}, /* flanger */
+	{0xE600, 0x0B06, 0xBC00, 0x0006E000, 0x00000083}, /* short delay */
+	{0xE6C0, 0x0B06, 0xBC00, 0x0006E000, 0x00000083}, /* short delay + feedback */
+};
+
+/*exported*/ int
+snd_emu8000_load_chorus_fx(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int mode, const void __user *buf, long len)
+{
+	struct soundfont_chorus_fx rec;
+	if (mode < SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_PREDEFINED || mode >= SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_NUMBERS) {
+		dev_warn(emu->card->dev, "invalid chorus mode %d for uploading\n", mode);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (len < (long)sizeof(rec) || copy_from_user(&rec, buf, sizeof(rec)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	chorus_parm[mode] = rec;
+	chorus_defined[mode] = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*exported*/ void
+snd_emu8000_update_chorus_mode(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	int effect = emu->chorus_mode;
+	if (effect < 0 || effect >= SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_NUMBERS ||
+	    (effect >= SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_PREDEFINED && !chorus_defined[effect]))
+		return;
+	EMU8000_INIT3_WRITE(emu, 0x09, chorus_parm[effect].feedback);
+	EMU8000_INIT3_WRITE(emu, 0x0c, chorus_parm[effect].delay_offset);
+	EMU8000_INIT4_WRITE(emu, 0x03, chorus_parm[effect].lfo_depth);
+	EMU8000_HWCF4_WRITE(emu, chorus_parm[effect].delay);
+	EMU8000_HWCF5_WRITE(emu, chorus_parm[effect].lfo_freq);
+	EMU8000_HWCF6_WRITE(emu, 0x8000);
+	EMU8000_HWCF7_WRITE(emu, 0x0000);
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Reverb mode control
+ *----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * reverb mode parameters
+ */
+#define	SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_ROOM1	0
+#define SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_ROOM2	1
+#define	SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_ROOM3	2
+#define	SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_HALL1	3
+#define	SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_HALL2	4
+#define	SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_PLATE	5
+#define	SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_DELAY	6
+#define	SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_PANNINGDELAY 7
+#define SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_PREDEFINED	8
+/* user can define reverb modes up to 32 */
+#define SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_NUMBERS	32
+
+struct soundfont_reverb_fx {
+	unsigned short parms[28];
+};
+
+/* reverb mode settings; write the following 28 data of 16 bit length
+ *   on the corresponding ports in the reverb_cmds array
+ */
+static char reverb_defined[SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_NUMBERS];
+static struct soundfont_reverb_fx reverb_parm[SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_NUMBERS] = {
+{{  /* room 1 */
+	0xB488, 0xA450, 0x9550, 0x84B5, 0x383A, 0x3EB5, 0x72F4,
+	0x72A4, 0x7254, 0x7204, 0x7204, 0x7204, 0x4416, 0x4516,
+	0xA490, 0xA590, 0x842A, 0x852A, 0x842A, 0x852A, 0x8429,
+	0x8529, 0x8429, 0x8529, 0x8428, 0x8528, 0x8428, 0x8528,
+}},
+{{  /* room 2 */
+	0xB488, 0xA458, 0x9558, 0x84B5, 0x383A, 0x3EB5, 0x7284,
+	0x7254, 0x7224, 0x7224, 0x7254, 0x7284, 0x4448, 0x4548,
+	0xA440, 0xA540, 0x842A, 0x852A, 0x842A, 0x852A, 0x8429,
+	0x8529, 0x8429, 0x8529, 0x8428, 0x8528, 0x8428, 0x8528,
+}},
+{{  /* room 3 */
+	0xB488, 0xA460, 0x9560, 0x84B5, 0x383A, 0x3EB5, 0x7284,
+	0x7254, 0x7224, 0x7224, 0x7254, 0x7284, 0x4416, 0x4516,
+	0xA490, 0xA590, 0x842C, 0x852C, 0x842C, 0x852C, 0x842B,
+	0x852B, 0x842B, 0x852B, 0x842A, 0x852A, 0x842A, 0x852A,
+}},
+{{  /* hall 1 */
+	0xB488, 0xA470, 0x9570, 0x84B5, 0x383A, 0x3EB5, 0x7284,
+	0x7254, 0x7224, 0x7224, 0x7254, 0x7284, 0x4448, 0x4548,
+	0xA440, 0xA540, 0x842B, 0x852B, 0x842B, 0x852B, 0x842A,
+	0x852A, 0x842A, 0x852A, 0x8429, 0x8529, 0x8429, 0x8529,
+}},
+{{  /* hall 2 */
+	0xB488, 0xA470, 0x9570, 0x84B5, 0x383A, 0x3EB5, 0x7254,
+	0x7234, 0x7224, 0x7254, 0x7264, 0x7294, 0x44C3, 0x45C3,
+	0xA404, 0xA504, 0x842A, 0x852A, 0x842A, 0x852A, 0x8429,
+	0x8529, 0x8429, 0x8529, 0x8428, 0x8528, 0x8428, 0x8528,
+}},
+{{  /* plate */
+	0xB4FF, 0xA470, 0x9570, 0x84B5, 0x383A, 0x3EB5, 0x7234,
+	0x7234, 0x7234, 0x7234, 0x7234, 0x7234, 0x4448, 0x4548,
+	0xA440, 0xA540, 0x842A, 0x852A, 0x842A, 0x852A, 0x8429,
+	0x8529, 0x8429, 0x8529, 0x8428, 0x8528, 0x8428, 0x8528,
+}},
+{{  /* delay */
+	0xB4FF, 0xA470, 0x9500, 0x84B5, 0x333A, 0x39B5, 0x7204,
+	0x7204, 0x7204, 0x7204, 0x7204, 0x72F4, 0x4400, 0x4500,
+	0xA4FF, 0xA5FF, 0x8420, 0x8520, 0x8420, 0x8520, 0x8420,
+	0x8520, 0x8420, 0x8520, 0x8420, 0x8520, 0x8420, 0x8520,
+}},
+{{  /* panning delay */
+	0xB4FF, 0xA490, 0x9590, 0x8474, 0x333A, 0x39B5, 0x7204,
+	0x7204, 0x7204, 0x7204, 0x7204, 0x72F4, 0x4400, 0x4500,
+	0xA4FF, 0xA5FF, 0x8420, 0x8520, 0x8420, 0x8520, 0x8420,
+	0x8520, 0x8420, 0x8520, 0x8420, 0x8520, 0x8420, 0x8520,
+}},
+};
+
+enum { DATA1, DATA2 };
+#define AWE_INIT1(c)	EMU8000_CMD(2,c), DATA1
+#define AWE_INIT2(c)	EMU8000_CMD(2,c), DATA2
+#define AWE_INIT3(c)	EMU8000_CMD(3,c), DATA1
+#define AWE_INIT4(c)	EMU8000_CMD(3,c), DATA2
+
+static struct reverb_cmd_pair {
+	unsigned short cmd, port;
+} reverb_cmds[28] = {
+  {AWE_INIT1(0x03)}, {AWE_INIT1(0x05)}, {AWE_INIT4(0x1F)}, {AWE_INIT1(0x07)},
+  {AWE_INIT2(0x14)}, {AWE_INIT2(0x16)}, {AWE_INIT1(0x0F)}, {AWE_INIT1(0x17)},
+  {AWE_INIT1(0x1F)}, {AWE_INIT2(0x07)}, {AWE_INIT2(0x0F)}, {AWE_INIT2(0x17)},
+  {AWE_INIT2(0x1D)}, {AWE_INIT2(0x1F)}, {AWE_INIT3(0x01)}, {AWE_INIT3(0x03)},
+  {AWE_INIT1(0x09)}, {AWE_INIT1(0x0B)}, {AWE_INIT1(0x11)}, {AWE_INIT1(0x13)},
+  {AWE_INIT1(0x19)}, {AWE_INIT1(0x1B)}, {AWE_INIT2(0x01)}, {AWE_INIT2(0x03)},
+  {AWE_INIT2(0x09)}, {AWE_INIT2(0x0B)}, {AWE_INIT2(0x11)}, {AWE_INIT2(0x13)},
+};
+
+/*exported*/ int
+snd_emu8000_load_reverb_fx(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int mode, const void __user *buf, long len)
+{
+	struct soundfont_reverb_fx rec;
+
+	if (mode < SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_PREDEFINED || mode >= SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_NUMBERS) {
+		dev_warn(emu->card->dev, "invalid reverb mode %d for uploading\n", mode);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (len < (long)sizeof(rec) || copy_from_user(&rec, buf, sizeof(rec)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	reverb_parm[mode] = rec;
+	reverb_defined[mode] = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*exported*/ void
+snd_emu8000_update_reverb_mode(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	int effect = emu->reverb_mode;
+	int i;
+
+	if (effect < 0 || effect >= SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_NUMBERS ||
+	    (effect >= SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_PREDEFINED && !reverb_defined[effect]))
+		return;
+	for (i = 0; i < 28; i++) {
+		int port;
+		if (reverb_cmds[i].port == DATA1)
+			port = EMU8000_DATA1(emu);
+		else
+			port = EMU8000_DATA2(emu);
+		snd_emu8000_poke(emu, port, reverb_cmds[i].cmd, reverb_parm[effect].parms[i]);
+	}
+}
+
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------
+ * mixer interface
+ *----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * bass/treble
+ */
+static int mixer_bass_treble_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 11;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int mixer_bass_treble_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *emu = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = kcontrol->private_value ? emu->treble_level : emu->bass_level;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int mixer_bass_treble_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *emu = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change;
+	unsigned short val1;
+	
+	val1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] % 12;
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &emu->control_lock) {
+		if (kcontrol->private_value) {
+			change = val1 != emu->treble_level;
+			emu->treble_level = val1;
+		} else {
+			change = val1 != emu->bass_level;
+			emu->bass_level = val1;
+		}
+	}
+	snd_emu8000_update_equalizer(emu);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new mixer_bass_control =
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Synth Tone Control - Bass",
+	.info = mixer_bass_treble_info,
+	.get = mixer_bass_treble_get,
+	.put = mixer_bass_treble_put,
+	.private_value = 0,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new mixer_treble_control =
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Synth Tone Control - Treble",
+	.info = mixer_bass_treble_info,
+	.get = mixer_bass_treble_get,
+	.put = mixer_bass_treble_put,
+	.private_value = 1,
+};
+
+/*
+ * chorus/reverb mode
+ */
+static int mixer_chorus_reverb_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = kcontrol->private_value ? (SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_NUMBERS-1) : (SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_NUMBERS-1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int mixer_chorus_reverb_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *emu = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = kcontrol->private_value ? emu->chorus_mode : emu->reverb_mode;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int mixer_chorus_reverb_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *emu = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change;
+	unsigned short val1;
+	
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &emu->control_lock) {
+		if (kcontrol->private_value) {
+			val1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] % SNDRV_EMU8000_CHORUS_NUMBERS;
+			change = val1 != emu->chorus_mode;
+			emu->chorus_mode = val1;
+		} else {
+			val1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] % SNDRV_EMU8000_REVERB_NUMBERS;
+			change = val1 != emu->reverb_mode;
+			emu->reverb_mode = val1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (change) {
+		if (kcontrol->private_value)
+			snd_emu8000_update_chorus_mode(emu);
+		else
+			snd_emu8000_update_reverb_mode(emu);
+	}
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new mixer_chorus_mode_control =
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Chorus Mode",
+	.info = mixer_chorus_reverb_info,
+	.get = mixer_chorus_reverb_get,
+	.put = mixer_chorus_reverb_put,
+	.private_value = 1,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new mixer_reverb_mode_control =
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Reverb Mode",
+	.info = mixer_chorus_reverb_info,
+	.get = mixer_chorus_reverb_get,
+	.put = mixer_chorus_reverb_put,
+	.private_value = 0,
+};
+
+/*
+ * FM OPL3 chorus/reverb depth
+ */
+static int mixer_fm_depth_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 255;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int mixer_fm_depth_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *emu = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = kcontrol->private_value ? emu->fm_chorus_depth : emu->fm_reverb_depth;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int mixer_fm_depth_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *emu = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change;
+	unsigned short val1;
+	
+	val1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] % 256;
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &emu->control_lock) {
+		if (kcontrol->private_value) {
+			change = val1 != emu->fm_chorus_depth;
+			emu->fm_chorus_depth = val1;
+		} else {
+			change = val1 != emu->fm_reverb_depth;
+			emu->fm_reverb_depth = val1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (change)
+		snd_emu8000_init_fm(emu);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new mixer_fm_chorus_depth_control =
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "FM Chorus Depth",
+	.info = mixer_fm_depth_info,
+	.get = mixer_fm_depth_get,
+	.put = mixer_fm_depth_put,
+	.private_value = 1,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new mixer_fm_reverb_depth_control =
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "FM Reverb Depth",
+	.info = mixer_fm_depth_info,
+	.get = mixer_fm_depth_get,
+	.put = mixer_fm_depth_put,
+	.private_value = 0,
+};
+
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new *mixer_defs[EMU8000_NUM_CONTROLS] = {
+	&mixer_bass_control,
+	&mixer_treble_control,
+	&mixer_chorus_mode_control,
+	&mixer_reverb_mode_control,
+	&mixer_fm_chorus_depth_control,
+	&mixer_fm_reverb_depth_control,
+};
+
+/*
+ * create and attach mixer elements for WaveTable treble/bass controls
+ */
+static int
+snd_emu8000_create_mixer(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	int i, err = 0;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!emu || !card))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	spin_lock_init(&emu->control_lock);
+
+	memset(emu->controls, 0, sizeof(emu->controls));
+	for (i = 0; i < EMU8000_NUM_CONTROLS; i++) {
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(mixer_defs[i], emu);
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto __error;
+		emu->controls[i] = kctl;
+	}
+	return 0;
+
+__error:
+	for (i = 0; i < EMU8000_NUM_CONTROLS; i++)
+		snd_ctl_remove(card, emu->controls[i]);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * initialize and register emu8000 synth device.
+ */
+int
+snd_emu8000_new(struct snd_card *card, int index, long port, int seq_ports,
+		struct snd_seq_device **awe_ret)
+{
+	struct snd_seq_device *awe;
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw;
+	int err;
+
+	if (awe_ret)
+		*awe_ret = NULL;
+
+	if (seq_ports <= 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	hw = devm_kzalloc(card->dev, sizeof(*hw), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (hw == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	spin_lock_init(&hw->reg_lock);
+	hw->index = index;
+	hw->port1 = port;
+	hw->port2 = port + 0x400;
+	hw->port3 = port + 0x800;
+	if (!devm_request_region(card->dev, hw->port1, 4, "Emu8000-1") ||
+	    !devm_request_region(card->dev, hw->port2, 4, "Emu8000-2") ||
+	    !devm_request_region(card->dev, hw->port3, 4, "Emu8000-3")) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "sbawe: can't grab ports 0x%lx, 0x%lx, 0x%lx\n",
+			hw->port1, hw->port2, hw->port3);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	hw->mem_size = 0;
+	hw->card = card;
+	hw->seq_ports = seq_ports;
+	hw->bass_level = 5;
+	hw->treble_level = 9;
+	hw->chorus_mode = 2;
+	hw->reverb_mode = 4;
+	hw->fm_chorus_depth = 0;
+	hw->fm_reverb_depth = 0;
+
+	if (snd_emu8000_detect(hw) < 0)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	snd_emu8000_init_hw(hw);
+	err = snd_emu8000_create_mixer(card, hw);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER)
+	if (snd_seq_device_new(card, index, SNDRV_SEQ_DEV_ID_EMU8000,
+			       sizeof(struct snd_emu8000*), &awe) >= 0) {
+		strscpy(awe->name, "EMU-8000");
+		*(struct snd_emu8000 **)SNDRV_SEQ_DEVICE_ARGPTR(awe) = hw;
+	}
+#else
+	awe = NULL;
+#endif
+	if (awe_ret)
+		*awe_ret = awe;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * exported stuff
+ */
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_emu8000_poke);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_emu8000_peek);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_emu8000_poke_dw);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_emu8000_peek_dw);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_emu8000_dma_chan);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_emu8000_init_fm);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_emu8000_load_chorus_fx);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_emu8000_load_reverb_fx);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_emu8000_update_chorus_mode);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_emu8000_update_reverb_mode);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_emu8000_update_equalizer);
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_callback.c b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_callback.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7609a5b64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_callback.c
@@ -0,0 +1,534 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  synth callback routines for the emu8000 (AWE32/64)
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1999 Steve Ratcliffe
+ *  Copyright (C) 1999-2000 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
+ */
+
+#include "emu8000_local.h"
+#include <linux/export.h>
+#include <sound/asoundef.h>
+
+/*
+ * prototypes
+ */
+static struct snd_emux_voice *get_voice(struct snd_emux *emu,
+					struct snd_emux_port *port);
+static int start_voice(struct snd_emux_voice *vp);
+static void trigger_voice(struct snd_emux_voice *vp);
+static void release_voice(struct snd_emux_voice *vp);
+static void update_voice(struct snd_emux_voice *vp, int update);
+static void reset_voice(struct snd_emux *emu, int ch);
+static void terminate_voice(struct snd_emux_voice *vp);
+static void sysex(struct snd_emux *emu, char *buf, int len, int parsed,
+		  struct snd_midi_channel_set *chset);
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER_OSS)
+static int oss_ioctl(struct snd_emux *emu, int cmd, int p1, int p2);
+#endif
+static int load_fx(struct snd_emux *emu, int type, int mode,
+		   const void __user *buf, long len);
+
+static void set_pitch(struct snd_emu8000 *hw, struct snd_emux_voice *vp);
+static void set_volume(struct snd_emu8000 *hw, struct snd_emux_voice *vp);
+static void set_pan(struct snd_emu8000 *hw, struct snd_emux_voice *vp);
+static void set_fmmod(struct snd_emu8000 *hw, struct snd_emux_voice *vp);
+static void set_tremfreq(struct snd_emu8000 *hw, struct snd_emux_voice *vp);
+static void set_fm2frq2(struct snd_emu8000 *hw, struct snd_emux_voice *vp);
+static void set_filterQ(struct snd_emu8000 *hw, struct snd_emux_voice *vp);
+static void snd_emu8000_tweak_voice(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int ch);
+
+/*
+ * Ensure a value is between two points
+ * macro evaluates its args more than once, so changed to upper-case.
+ */
+#define LIMITVALUE(x, a, b) do { if ((x) < (a)) (x) = (a); else if ((x) > (b)) (x) = (b); } while (0)
+#define LIMITMAX(x, a) do {if ((x) > (a)) (x) = (a); } while (0)
+
+
+/*
+ * set up operators
+ */
+static const struct snd_emux_operators emu8000_ops = {
+	.owner =	THIS_MODULE,
+	.get_voice =	get_voice,
+	.prepare =	start_voice,
+	.trigger =	trigger_voice,
+	.release =	release_voice,
+	.update =	update_voice,
+	.terminate =	terminate_voice,
+	.reset =	reset_voice,
+	.sample_new =	snd_emu8000_sample_new,
+	.sample_free =	snd_emu8000_sample_free,
+	.sample_reset = snd_emu8000_sample_reset,
+	.load_fx =	load_fx,
+	.sysex =	sysex,
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER_OSS)
+	.oss_ioctl =	oss_ioctl,
+#endif
+};
+
+void
+snd_emu8000_ops_setup(struct snd_emu8000 *hw)
+{
+	hw->emu->ops = emu8000_ops;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+ * Terminate a voice
+ */
+static void
+release_voice(struct snd_emux_voice *vp)
+{
+	int dcysusv;
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw;
+
+	hw = vp->hw;
+	dcysusv = 0x8000 | (unsigned char)vp->reg.parm.modrelease;
+	EMU8000_DCYSUS_WRITE(hw, vp->ch, dcysusv);
+	dcysusv = 0x8000 | (unsigned char)vp->reg.parm.volrelease;
+	EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(hw, vp->ch, dcysusv);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ */
+static void
+terminate_voice(struct snd_emux_voice *vp)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw; 
+
+	hw = vp->hw;
+	EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(hw, vp->ch, 0x807F);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ */
+static void
+update_voice(struct snd_emux_voice *vp, int update)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw;
+
+	hw = vp->hw;
+	if (update & SNDRV_EMUX_UPDATE_VOLUME)
+		set_volume(hw, vp);
+	if (update & SNDRV_EMUX_UPDATE_PITCH)
+		set_pitch(hw, vp);
+	if ((update & SNDRV_EMUX_UPDATE_PAN) &&
+	    vp->port->ctrls[EMUX_MD_REALTIME_PAN])
+		set_pan(hw, vp);
+	if (update & SNDRV_EMUX_UPDATE_FMMOD)
+		set_fmmod(hw, vp);
+	if (update & SNDRV_EMUX_UPDATE_TREMFREQ)
+		set_tremfreq(hw, vp);
+	if (update & SNDRV_EMUX_UPDATE_FM2FRQ2)
+		set_fm2frq2(hw, vp);
+	if (update & SNDRV_EMUX_UPDATE_Q)
+		set_filterQ(hw, vp);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Find a channel (voice) within the EMU that is not in use or at least
+ * less in use than other channels.  Always returns a valid pointer
+ * no matter what.  If there is a real shortage of voices then one
+ * will be cut. Such is life.
+ *
+ * The channel index (vp->ch) must be initialized in this routine.
+ * In Emu8k, it is identical with the array index.
+ */
+static struct snd_emux_voice *
+get_voice(struct snd_emux *emu, struct snd_emux_port *port)
+{
+	int  i;
+	struct snd_emux_voice *vp;
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw;
+
+	/* what we are looking for, in order of preference */
+	enum {
+		OFF=0, RELEASED, PLAYING, END
+	};
+
+	/* Keeps track of what we are finding */
+	struct best {
+		unsigned int  time;
+		int voice;
+	} best[END];
+	struct best *bp;
+
+	hw = emu->hw;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < END; i++) {
+		best[i].time = (unsigned int)(-1); /* XXX MAX_?INT really */
+		best[i].voice = -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Go through them all and get a best one to use.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < emu->max_voices; i++) {
+		int state, val;
+
+		vp = &emu->voices[i];
+		state = vp->state;
+
+		if (state == SNDRV_EMUX_ST_OFF)
+			bp = best + OFF;
+		else if (state == SNDRV_EMUX_ST_RELEASED ||
+			 state == SNDRV_EMUX_ST_PENDING) {
+			bp = best + RELEASED;
+			val = (EMU8000_CVCF_READ(hw, vp->ch) >> 16) & 0xffff;
+			if (! val)
+				bp = best + OFF;
+		}
+		else if (state & SNDRV_EMUX_ST_ON)
+			bp = best + PLAYING;
+		else
+			continue;
+
+		/* check if sample is finished playing (non-looping only) */
+		if (state != SNDRV_EMUX_ST_OFF &&
+		    (vp->reg.sample_mode & SNDRV_SFNT_SAMPLE_SINGLESHOT)) {
+			val = EMU8000_CCCA_READ(hw, vp->ch) & 0xffffff;
+			if (val >= vp->reg.loopstart)
+				bp = best + OFF;
+		}
+
+		if (vp->time < bp->time) {
+			bp->time = vp->time;
+			bp->voice = i;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < END; i++) {
+		if (best[i].voice >= 0) {
+			vp = &emu->voices[best[i].voice];
+			vp->ch = best[i].voice;
+			return vp;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* not found */
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ */
+static int
+start_voice(struct snd_emux_voice *vp)
+{
+	unsigned int temp;
+	int ch;
+	int addr;
+	struct snd_midi_channel *chan;
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw;
+
+	hw = vp->hw;
+	ch = vp->ch;
+	chan = vp->chan;
+
+	/* channel to be silent and idle */
+	EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x0080);
+	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x0000FFFF);
+	EMU8000_CVCF_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x0000FFFF);
+	EMU8000_PTRX_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
+	EMU8000_CPF_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
+
+	/* set pitch offset */
+	set_pitch(hw, vp);
+
+	/* set envelope parameters */
+	EMU8000_ENVVAL_WRITE(hw, ch, vp->reg.parm.moddelay);
+	EMU8000_ATKHLD_WRITE(hw, ch, vp->reg.parm.modatkhld);
+	EMU8000_DCYSUS_WRITE(hw, ch, vp->reg.parm.moddcysus);
+	EMU8000_ENVVOL_WRITE(hw, ch, vp->reg.parm.voldelay);
+	EMU8000_ATKHLDV_WRITE(hw, ch, vp->reg.parm.volatkhld);
+	/* decay/sustain parameter for volume envelope is used
+	   for triggerg the voice */
+
+	/* cutoff and volume */
+	set_volume(hw, vp);
+
+	/* modulation envelope heights */
+	EMU8000_PEFE_WRITE(hw, ch, vp->reg.parm.pefe);
+
+	/* lfo1/2 delay */
+	EMU8000_LFO1VAL_WRITE(hw, ch, vp->reg.parm.lfo1delay);
+	EMU8000_LFO2VAL_WRITE(hw, ch, vp->reg.parm.lfo2delay);
+
+	/* lfo1 pitch & cutoff shift */
+	set_fmmod(hw, vp);
+	/* lfo1 volume & freq */
+	set_tremfreq(hw, vp);
+	/* lfo2 pitch & freq */
+	set_fm2frq2(hw, vp);
+	/* pan & loop start */
+	set_pan(hw, vp);
+
+	/* chorus & loop end (chorus 8bit, MSB) */
+	addr = vp->reg.loopend - 1;
+	temp = vp->reg.parm.chorus;
+	temp += (int)chan->control[MIDI_CTL_E3_CHORUS_DEPTH] * 9 / 10;
+	LIMITMAX(temp, 255);
+	temp = (temp <<24) | (unsigned int)addr;
+	EMU8000_CSL_WRITE(hw, ch, temp);
+
+	/* Q & current address (Q 4bit value, MSB) */
+	addr = vp->reg.start - 1;
+	temp = vp->reg.parm.filterQ;
+	temp = (temp<<28) | (unsigned int)addr;
+	EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(hw, ch, temp);
+
+	/* clear unknown registers */
+	EMU8000_00A0_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
+	EMU8000_0080_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
+
+	/* reset volume */
+	temp = vp->vtarget << 16;
+	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(hw, ch, temp | vp->ftarget);
+	EMU8000_CVCF_WRITE(hw, ch, temp | 0xff00);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Start envelope
+ */
+static void
+trigger_voice(struct snd_emux_voice *vp)
+{
+	int ch = vp->ch;
+	unsigned int temp;
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw;
+
+	hw = vp->hw;
+
+	/* set reverb and pitch target */
+	temp = vp->reg.parm.reverb;
+	temp += (int)vp->chan->control[MIDI_CTL_E1_REVERB_DEPTH] * 9 / 10;
+	LIMITMAX(temp, 255);
+	temp = (temp << 8) | (vp->ptarget << 16) | vp->aaux;
+	EMU8000_PTRX_WRITE(hw, ch, temp);
+	EMU8000_CPF_WRITE(hw, ch, vp->ptarget << 16);
+	EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(hw, ch, vp->reg.parm.voldcysus);
+}
+
+/*
+ * reset voice parameters
+ */
+static void
+reset_voice(struct snd_emux *emu, int ch)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw;
+
+	hw = emu->hw;
+	EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x807F);
+	snd_emu8000_tweak_voice(hw, ch);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set the pitch of a possibly playing note.
+ */
+static void
+set_pitch(struct snd_emu8000 *hw, struct snd_emux_voice *vp)
+{
+	EMU8000_IP_WRITE(hw, vp->ch, vp->apitch);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set the volume of a possibly already playing note
+ */
+static void
+set_volume(struct snd_emu8000 *hw, struct snd_emux_voice *vp)
+{
+	int  ifatn;
+
+	ifatn = (unsigned char)vp->acutoff;
+	ifatn = (ifatn << 8);
+	ifatn |= (unsigned char)vp->avol;
+	EMU8000_IFATN_WRITE(hw, vp->ch, ifatn);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set pan and loop start address.
+ */
+static void
+set_pan(struct snd_emu8000 *hw, struct snd_emux_voice *vp)
+{
+	unsigned int temp;
+
+	temp = ((unsigned int)vp->apan<<24) | ((unsigned int)vp->reg.loopstart - 1);
+	EMU8000_PSST_WRITE(hw, vp->ch, temp);
+}
+
+#define MOD_SENSE 18
+
+static void
+set_fmmod(struct snd_emu8000 *hw, struct snd_emux_voice *vp)
+{
+	unsigned short fmmod;
+	short pitch;
+	unsigned char cutoff;
+	int modulation;
+
+	pitch = (char)(vp->reg.parm.fmmod>>8);
+	cutoff = (vp->reg.parm.fmmod & 0xff);
+	modulation = vp->chan->gm_modulation + vp->chan->midi_pressure;
+	pitch += (MOD_SENSE * modulation) / 1200;
+	LIMITVALUE(pitch, -128, 127);
+	fmmod = ((unsigned char)pitch<<8) | cutoff;
+	EMU8000_FMMOD_WRITE(hw, vp->ch, fmmod);
+}
+
+/* set tremolo (lfo1) volume & frequency */
+static void
+set_tremfreq(struct snd_emu8000 *hw, struct snd_emux_voice *vp)
+{
+	EMU8000_TREMFRQ_WRITE(hw, vp->ch, vp->reg.parm.tremfrq);
+}
+
+/* set lfo2 pitch & frequency */
+static void
+set_fm2frq2(struct snd_emu8000 *hw, struct snd_emux_voice *vp)
+{
+	unsigned short fm2frq2;
+	short pitch;
+	unsigned char freq;
+	int modulation;
+
+	pitch = (char)(vp->reg.parm.fm2frq2>>8);
+	freq = vp->reg.parm.fm2frq2 & 0xff;
+	modulation = vp->chan->gm_modulation + vp->chan->midi_pressure;
+	pitch += (MOD_SENSE * modulation) / 1200;
+	LIMITVALUE(pitch, -128, 127);
+	fm2frq2 = ((unsigned char)pitch<<8) | freq;
+	EMU8000_FM2FRQ2_WRITE(hw, vp->ch, fm2frq2);
+}
+
+/* set filterQ */
+static void
+set_filterQ(struct snd_emu8000 *hw, struct snd_emux_voice *vp)
+{
+	unsigned int addr;
+	addr = EMU8000_CCCA_READ(hw, vp->ch) & 0xffffff;
+	addr |= (vp->reg.parm.filterQ << 28);
+	EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(hw, vp->ch, addr);
+}
+
+/*
+ * set the envelope & LFO parameters to the default values
+ */
+static void
+snd_emu8000_tweak_voice(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int i)
+{
+	/* set all mod/vol envelope shape to minimum */
+	EMU8000_ENVVOL_WRITE(emu, i, 0x8000);
+	EMU8000_ENVVAL_WRITE(emu, i, 0x8000);
+	EMU8000_DCYSUS_WRITE(emu, i, 0x7F7F);
+	EMU8000_ATKHLDV_WRITE(emu, i, 0x7F7F);
+	EMU8000_ATKHLD_WRITE(emu, i, 0x7F7F);
+	EMU8000_PEFE_WRITE(emu, i, 0);  /* mod envelope height to zero */
+	EMU8000_LFO1VAL_WRITE(emu, i, 0x8000); /* no delay for LFO1 */
+	EMU8000_LFO2VAL_WRITE(emu, i, 0x8000);
+	EMU8000_IP_WRITE(emu, i, 0xE000);	/* no pitch shift */
+	EMU8000_IFATN_WRITE(emu, i, 0xFF00);	/* volume to minimum */
+	EMU8000_FMMOD_WRITE(emu, i, 0);
+	EMU8000_TREMFRQ_WRITE(emu, i, 0);
+	EMU8000_FM2FRQ2_WRITE(emu, i, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * sysex callback
+ */
+static void
+sysex(struct snd_emux *emu, char *buf, int len, int parsed, struct snd_midi_channel_set *chset)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw;
+
+	hw = emu->hw;
+
+	switch (parsed) {
+	case SNDRV_MIDI_SYSEX_GS_CHORUS_MODE:
+		hw->chorus_mode = chset->gs_chorus_mode;
+		snd_emu8000_update_chorus_mode(hw);
+		break;
+
+	case SNDRV_MIDI_SYSEX_GS_REVERB_MODE:
+		hw->reverb_mode = chset->gs_reverb_mode;
+		snd_emu8000_update_reverb_mode(hw);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+
+#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER_OSS)
+/*
+ * OSS ioctl callback
+ */
+static int
+oss_ioctl(struct snd_emux *emu, int cmd, int p1, int p2)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw;
+
+	hw = emu->hw;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case _EMUX_OSS_REVERB_MODE:
+		hw->reverb_mode = p1;
+		snd_emu8000_update_reverb_mode(hw);
+		break;
+
+	case _EMUX_OSS_CHORUS_MODE:
+		hw->chorus_mode = p1;
+		snd_emu8000_update_chorus_mode(hw);
+		break;
+
+	case _EMUX_OSS_INITIALIZE_CHIP:
+		/* snd_emu8000_init(hw); */ /*ignored*/
+		break;
+
+	case _EMUX_OSS_EQUALIZER:
+		hw->bass_level = p1;
+		hw->treble_level = p2;
+		snd_emu8000_update_equalizer(hw);
+		break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+ * additional patch keys
+ */
+
+#define SNDRV_EMU8000_LOAD_CHORUS_FX	0x10	/* optarg=mode */
+#define SNDRV_EMU8000_LOAD_REVERB_FX	0x11	/* optarg=mode */
+
+
+/*
+ * callback routine
+ */
+
+static int
+load_fx(struct snd_emux *emu, int type, int mode, const void __user *buf, long len)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw;
+	hw = emu->hw;
+
+	/* skip header */
+	buf += 16;
+	len -= 16;
+
+	switch (type) {
+	case SNDRV_EMU8000_LOAD_CHORUS_FX:
+		return snd_emu8000_load_chorus_fx(hw, mode, buf, len);
+	case SNDRV_EMU8000_LOAD_REVERB_FX:
+		return snd_emu8000_load_reverb_fx(hw, mode, buf, len);
+	}
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_local.h b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_local.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f90526ab1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_local.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
+#ifndef __EMU8000_LOCAL_H
+#define __EMU8000_LOCAL_H
+/*
+ *  Local defininitons for the emu8000 (AWE32/64)
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1999 Steve Ratcliffe
+ *  Copyright (C) 1999-2000 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/emu8000.h>
+#include <sound/emu8000_reg.h>
+
+/* emu8000_patch.c */
+int snd_emu8000_sample_new(struct snd_emux *rec, struct snd_sf_sample *sp,
+			   struct snd_util_memhdr *hdr,
+			   const void __user *data, long count);
+int snd_emu8000_sample_free(struct snd_emux *rec, struct snd_sf_sample *sp,
+			    struct snd_util_memhdr *hdr);
+void snd_emu8000_sample_reset(struct snd_emux *rec);
+
+/* emu8000_callback.c */
+void snd_emu8000_ops_setup(struct snd_emu8000 *emu);
+
+/* emu8000_pcm.c */
+int snd_emu8000_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int index);
+
+#endif	/* __EMU8000_LOCAL_H */
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_patch.c b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_patch.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d60174ec8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_patch.c
@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Patch routines for the emu8000 (AWE32/64)
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1999 Steve Ratcliffe
+ *  Copyright (C) 1999-2000 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
+ */
+
+#include "emu8000_local.h"
+
+#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
+
+static int emu8000_reset_addr;
+module_param(emu8000_reset_addr, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(emu8000_reset_addr, "reset write address at each time (makes slowdown)");
+
+
+/*
+ * Open up channels.
+ */
+static int
+snd_emu8000_open_dma(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int write)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* reserve all 30 voices for loading */
+	for (i = 0; i < EMU8000_DRAM_VOICES; i++) {
+		snd_emux_lock_voice(emu->emu, i);
+		snd_emu8000_dma_chan(emu, i, write);
+	}
+
+	/* assign voice 31 and 32 to ROM */
+	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(emu, 30, 0);
+	EMU8000_PSST_WRITE(emu, 30, 0x1d8);
+	EMU8000_CSL_WRITE(emu, 30, 0x1e0);
+	EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(emu, 30, 0x1d8);
+	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(emu, 31, 0);
+	EMU8000_PSST_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x1d8);
+	EMU8000_CSL_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x1e0);
+	EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x1d8);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Close all dram channels.
+ */
+static void
+snd_emu8000_close_dma(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < EMU8000_DRAM_VOICES; i++) {
+		snd_emu8000_dma_chan(emu, i, EMU8000_RAM_CLOSE);
+		snd_emux_unlock_voice(emu->emu, i);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ */
+
+#define BLANK_LOOP_START	4
+#define BLANK_LOOP_END		8
+#define BLANK_LOOP_SIZE		12
+#define BLANK_HEAD_SIZE		48
+
+/*
+ * Read a word from userland, taking care of conversions from
+ * 8bit samples etc.
+ */
+static unsigned short
+read_word(const void __user *buf, int offset, int mode)
+{
+	unsigned short c;
+	if (mode & SNDRV_SFNT_SAMPLE_8BITS) {
+		unsigned char cc;
+		get_user(cc, (unsigned char __user *)buf + offset);
+		c = cc << 8; /* convert 8bit -> 16bit */
+	} else {
+#ifdef SNDRV_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+		get_user(c, (unsigned short __user *)buf + offset);
+#else
+		unsigned short cc;
+		get_user(cc, (unsigned short __user *)buf + offset);
+		c = swab16(cc);
+#endif
+	}
+	if (mode & SNDRV_SFNT_SAMPLE_UNSIGNED)
+		c ^= 0x8000; /* unsigned -> signed */
+	return c;
+}
+
+/*
+ */
+static void
+snd_emu8000_write_wait(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	while ((EMU8000_SMALW_READ(emu) & 0x80000000) != 0) {
+		schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
+		if (signal_pending(current))
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * write sample word data
+ *
+ * You should not have to keep resetting the address each time
+ * as the chip is supposed to step on the next address automatically.
+ * It mostly does, but during writes of some samples at random it
+ * completely loses words (every one in 16 roughly but with no
+ * obvious pattern).
+ *
+ * This is therefore much slower than need be, but is at least
+ * working.
+ */
+static inline void
+write_word(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int *offset, unsigned short data)
+{
+	if (emu8000_reset_addr) {
+		if (emu8000_reset_addr > 1)
+			snd_emu8000_write_wait(emu);
+		EMU8000_SMALW_WRITE(emu, *offset);
+	}
+	EMU8000_SMLD_WRITE(emu, data);
+	*offset += 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Write the sample to EMU800 memory.  This routine is invoked out of
+ * the generic soundfont routines as a callback.
+ */
+int
+snd_emu8000_sample_new(struct snd_emux *rec, struct snd_sf_sample *sp,
+		       struct snd_util_memhdr *hdr,
+		       const void __user *data, long count)
+{
+	int  i;
+	int  rc;
+	int  offset;
+	int  truesize;
+	int  dram_offset, dram_start;
+	struct snd_emu8000 *emu;
+
+	emu = rec->hw;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!sp))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	/* compute true data size to be loaded */
+	truesize = sp->v.size;
+	if (sp->v.mode_flags & (SNDRV_SFNT_SAMPLE_BIDIR_LOOP|SNDRV_SFNT_SAMPLE_REVERSE_LOOP))
+		truesize += sp->v.loopend - sp->v.loopstart;
+	if (sp->v.mode_flags & SNDRV_SFNT_SAMPLE_NO_BLANK)
+		truesize += BLANK_LOOP_SIZE;
+
+	sp->block = snd_util_mem_alloc(hdr, truesize * 2);
+	if (sp->block == NULL) {
+		/* not ENOMEM (for compatibility) */
+		return -ENOSPC;
+	}
+
+	if (sp->v.mode_flags & SNDRV_SFNT_SAMPLE_8BITS) {
+		if (!access_ok(data, sp->v.size))
+			return -EFAULT;
+	} else {
+		if (!access_ok(data, sp->v.size * 2))
+			return -EFAULT;
+	}
+
+	/* dram position (in word) -- mem_offset is byte */
+	dram_offset = EMU8000_DRAM_OFFSET + (sp->block->offset >> 1);
+	dram_start = dram_offset;
+
+	/* set the total size (store onto obsolete checksum value) */
+	sp->v.truesize = truesize * 2; /* in bytes */
+
+	snd_emux_terminate_all(emu->emu);
+	rc = snd_emu8000_open_dma(emu, EMU8000_RAM_WRITE);
+	if (rc)
+		return rc;
+
+	/* Set the address to start writing at */
+	snd_emu8000_write_wait(emu);
+	EMU8000_SMALW_WRITE(emu, dram_offset);
+
+	/*snd_emu8000_init_fm(emu);*/
+
+#if 0
+	/* first block - write 48 samples for silence */
+	if (! sp->block->offset) {
+		for (i = 0; i < BLANK_HEAD_SIZE; i++) {
+			write_word(emu, &dram_offset, 0);
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+
+	offset = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < sp->v.size; i++) {
+		unsigned short s;
+
+		s = read_word(data, offset, sp->v.mode_flags);
+		offset++;
+		write_word(emu, &dram_offset, s);
+
+		/* we may take too long time in this loop.
+		 * so give controls back to kernel if needed.
+		 */
+		cond_resched();
+
+		if (i == sp->v.loopend &&
+		    (sp->v.mode_flags & (SNDRV_SFNT_SAMPLE_BIDIR_LOOP|SNDRV_SFNT_SAMPLE_REVERSE_LOOP)))
+		{
+			int looplen = sp->v.loopend - sp->v.loopstart;
+			int k;
+
+			/* copy reverse loop */
+			for (k = 1; k <= looplen; k++) {
+				s = read_word(data, offset - k, sp->v.mode_flags);
+				write_word(emu, &dram_offset, s);
+			}
+			if (sp->v.mode_flags & SNDRV_SFNT_SAMPLE_BIDIR_LOOP) {
+				sp->v.loopend += looplen;
+			} else {
+				sp->v.loopstart += looplen;
+				sp->v.loopend += looplen;
+			}
+			sp->v.end += looplen;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* if no blank loop is attached in the sample, add it */
+	if (sp->v.mode_flags & SNDRV_SFNT_SAMPLE_NO_BLANK) {
+		for (i = 0; i < BLANK_LOOP_SIZE; i++) {
+			write_word(emu, &dram_offset, 0);
+		}
+		if (sp->v.mode_flags & SNDRV_SFNT_SAMPLE_SINGLESHOT) {
+			sp->v.loopstart = sp->v.end + BLANK_LOOP_START;
+			sp->v.loopend = sp->v.end + BLANK_LOOP_END;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* add dram offset */
+	sp->v.start += dram_start;
+	sp->v.end += dram_start;
+	sp->v.loopstart += dram_start;
+	sp->v.loopend += dram_start;
+
+	snd_emu8000_close_dma(emu);
+	snd_emu8000_init_fm(emu);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * free a sample block
+ */
+int
+snd_emu8000_sample_free(struct snd_emux *rec, struct snd_sf_sample *sp,
+			struct snd_util_memhdr *hdr)
+{
+	if (sp->block) {
+		snd_util_mem_free(hdr, sp->block);
+		sp->block = NULL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * sample_reset callback - terminate voices
+ */
+void
+snd_emu8000_sample_reset(struct snd_emux *rec)
+{
+	snd_emux_terminate_all(rec);
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_pcm.c b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_pcm.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d2ca70aad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_pcm.c
@@ -0,0 +1,653 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ * pcm emulation on emu8000 wavetable
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 2002 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
+ */
+
+#include "emu8000_local.h"
+
+#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/pcm.h>
+
+/*
+ * define the following if you want to use this pcm with non-interleaved mode
+ */
+/* #define USE_NONINTERLEAVE */
+
+/* NOTE: for using the non-interleaved mode with alsa-lib, you have to set
+ * mmap_emulation flag to 1 in your .asoundrc, such like
+ *
+ *	pcm.emu8k {
+ *		type plug
+ *		slave.pcm {
+ *			type hw
+ *			card 0
+ *			device 1
+ *			mmap_emulation 1
+ *		}
+ *	}
+ *
+ * besides, for the time being, the non-interleaved mode doesn't work well on
+ * alsa-lib...
+ */
+
+
+struct snd_emu8k_pcm {
+	struct snd_emu8000 *emu;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+
+	unsigned int allocated_bytes;
+	struct snd_util_memblk *block;
+	unsigned int offset;
+	unsigned int buf_size;
+	unsigned int period_size;
+	unsigned int loop_start[2];
+	unsigned int pitch;
+	int panning[2];
+	int last_ptr;
+	int period_pos;
+	int voices;
+	unsigned int dram_opened: 1;
+	unsigned int running: 1;
+	unsigned int timer_running: 1;
+	struct timer_list timer;
+	spinlock_t timer_lock;
+};
+
+#define LOOP_BLANK_SIZE		8
+
+
+/*
+ * open up channels for the simultaneous data transfer and playback
+ */
+static int
+emu8k_open_dram_for_pcm(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int channels)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* reserve up to 2 voices for playback */
+	snd_emux_lock_voice(emu->emu, 0);
+	if (channels > 1)
+		snd_emux_lock_voice(emu->emu, 1);
+
+	/* reserve 28 voices for loading */
+	for (i = channels + 1; i < EMU8000_DRAM_VOICES; i++) {
+		unsigned int mode = EMU8000_RAM_WRITE;
+		snd_emux_lock_voice(emu->emu, i);
+#ifndef USE_NONINTERLEAVE
+		if (channels > 1 && (i & 1) != 0)
+			mode |= EMU8000_RAM_RIGHT;
+#endif
+		snd_emu8000_dma_chan(emu, i, mode);
+	}
+
+	/* assign voice 31 and 32 to ROM */
+	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(emu, 30, 0);
+	EMU8000_PSST_WRITE(emu, 30, 0x1d8);
+	EMU8000_CSL_WRITE(emu, 30, 0x1e0);
+	EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(emu, 30, 0x1d8);
+	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(emu, 31, 0);
+	EMU8000_PSST_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x1d8);
+	EMU8000_CSL_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x1e0);
+	EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x1d8);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ */
+static void
+snd_emu8000_write_wait(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int can_schedule)
+{
+	while ((EMU8000_SMALW_READ(emu) & 0x80000000) != 0) {
+		if (can_schedule) {
+			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
+			if (signal_pending(current))
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * close all channels
+ */
+static void
+emu8k_close_dram(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
+		snd_emux_unlock_voice(emu->emu, i);
+	for (; i < EMU8000_DRAM_VOICES; i++) {
+		snd_emu8000_dma_chan(emu, i, EMU8000_RAM_CLOSE);
+		snd_emux_unlock_voice(emu->emu, i);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * convert Hz to AWE32 rate offset (see emux/soundfont.c)
+ */
+
+#define OFFSET_SAMPLERATE	1011119		/* base = 44100 */
+#define SAMPLERATE_RATIO	4096
+
+static int calc_rate_offset(int hz)
+{
+	return snd_sf_linear_to_log(hz, OFFSET_SAMPLERATE, SAMPLERATE_RATIO);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ */
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware emu8k_pcm_hw = {
+#ifdef USE_NONINTERLEAVE
+	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_NONINTERLEAVED,
+#else
+	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED,
+#endif
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	1024,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.periods_min =		2,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+
+};
+
+/*
+ * get the current position at the given channel from CCCA register
+ */
+static inline int emu8k_get_curpos(struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec, int ch)
+{
+	int val = EMU8000_CCCA_READ(rec->emu, ch) & 0xfffffff;
+	val -= rec->loop_start[ch] - 1;
+	return val;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * timer interrupt handler
+ * check the current position and update the period if necessary.
+ */
+static void emu8k_pcm_timer_func(struct timer_list *t)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = timer_container_of(rec, t, timer);
+	int ptr, delta;
+	bool period_elapsed = false;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock, &rec->timer_lock) {
+		/* update the current pointer */
+		ptr = emu8k_get_curpos(rec, 0);
+		if (ptr < rec->last_ptr)
+			delta = ptr + rec->buf_size - rec->last_ptr;
+		else
+			delta = ptr - rec->last_ptr;
+		rec->period_pos += delta;
+		rec->last_ptr = ptr;
+
+		/* reprogram timer */
+		mod_timer(&rec->timer, jiffies + 1);
+
+		/* update period */
+		if (rec->period_pos >= (int)rec->period_size) {
+			rec->period_pos %= rec->period_size;
+			period_elapsed = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (period_elapsed)
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(rec->substream);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * open pcm
+ * creating an instance here
+ */
+static int emu8k_pcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(subs);
+	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec;
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->runtime;
+
+	rec = kzalloc_obj(*rec);
+	if (! rec)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	rec->emu = emu;
+	rec->substream = subs;
+	runtime->private_data = rec;
+
+	spin_lock_init(&rec->timer_lock);
+	timer_setup(&rec->timer, emu8k_pcm_timer_func, 0);
+
+	runtime->hw = emu8k_pcm_hw;
+	runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max = emu->mem_size - LOOP_BLANK_SIZE * 3;
+	runtime->hw.period_bytes_max = runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max / 2;
+
+	/* use timer to update periods.. (specified in msec) */
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_TIME,
+				     DIV_ROUND_UP(1000000, HZ), UINT_MAX);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int emu8k_pcm_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
+	kfree(rec);
+	subs->runtime->private_data = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * calculate pitch target
+ */
+static int calc_pitch_target(int pitch)
+{
+	int ptarget = 1 << (pitch >> 12);
+	if (pitch & 0x800) ptarget += (ptarget * 0x102e) / 0x2710;
+	if (pitch & 0x400) ptarget += (ptarget * 0x764) / 0x2710;
+	if (pitch & 0x200) ptarget += (ptarget * 0x389) / 0x2710;
+	ptarget += (ptarget >> 1);
+	if (ptarget > 0xffff) ptarget = 0xffff;
+	return ptarget;
+}
+
+/*
+ * set up the voice
+ */
+static void setup_voice(struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec, int ch)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw = rec->emu;
+	unsigned int temp;
+
+	/* channel to be silent and idle */
+	EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x0080);
+	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x0000FFFF);
+	EMU8000_CVCF_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x0000FFFF);
+	EMU8000_PTRX_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
+	EMU8000_CPF_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
+
+	/* pitch offset */
+	EMU8000_IP_WRITE(hw, ch, rec->pitch);
+	/* set envelope parameters */
+	EMU8000_ENVVAL_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x8000);
+	EMU8000_ATKHLD_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x7f7f);
+	EMU8000_DCYSUS_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x7f7f);
+	EMU8000_ENVVOL_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x8000);
+	EMU8000_ATKHLDV_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x7f7f);
+	/* decay/sustain parameter for volume envelope is used
+	   for triggerg the voice */
+	/* modulation envelope heights */
+	EMU8000_PEFE_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x0);
+	/* lfo1/2 delay */
+	EMU8000_LFO1VAL_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x8000);
+	EMU8000_LFO2VAL_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x8000);
+	/* lfo1 pitch & cutoff shift */
+	EMU8000_FMMOD_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
+	/* lfo1 volume & freq */
+	EMU8000_TREMFRQ_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
+	/* lfo2 pitch & freq */
+	EMU8000_FM2FRQ2_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
+	/* pan & loop start */
+	temp = rec->panning[ch];
+	temp = (temp <<24) | ((unsigned int)rec->loop_start[ch] - 1);
+	EMU8000_PSST_WRITE(hw, ch, temp);
+	/* chorus & loop end (chorus 8bit, MSB) */
+	temp = 0; // chorus
+	temp = (temp << 24) | ((unsigned int)rec->loop_start[ch] + rec->buf_size - 1);
+	EMU8000_CSL_WRITE(hw, ch, temp);
+	/* Q & current address (Q 4bit value, MSB) */
+	temp = 0; // filterQ
+	temp = (temp << 28) | ((unsigned int)rec->loop_start[ch] - 1);
+	EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(hw, ch, temp);
+	/* clear unknown registers */
+	EMU8000_00A0_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
+	EMU8000_0080_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * trigger the voice
+ */
+static void start_voice(struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec, int ch)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw = rec->emu;
+	unsigned int temp, aux;
+	int pt = calc_pitch_target(rec->pitch);
+
+	/* cutoff and volume */
+	EMU8000_IFATN_WRITE(hw, ch, 0xff00);
+	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(hw, ch, 0xffff);
+	EMU8000_CVCF_WRITE(hw, ch, 0xffff);
+	/* trigger envelope */
+	EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x7f7f);
+	/* set reverb and pitch target */
+	temp = 0; // reverb
+	if (rec->panning[ch] == 0)
+		aux = 0xff;
+	else
+		aux = (-rec->panning[ch]) & 0xff;
+	temp = (temp << 8) | (pt << 16) | aux;
+	EMU8000_PTRX_WRITE(hw, ch, temp);
+	EMU8000_CPF_WRITE(hw, ch, pt << 16);
+
+	/* start timer */
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&rec->timer_lock);
+	if (! rec->timer_running) {
+		mod_timer(&rec->timer, jiffies + 1);
+		rec->timer_running = 1;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * stop the voice immediately
+ */
+static void stop_voice(struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec, int ch)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw = rec->emu;
+
+	EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x807F);
+
+	/* stop timer */
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&rec->timer_lock);
+	if (rec->timer_running) {
+		timer_delete(&rec->timer);
+		rec->timer_running = 0;
+	}
+}
+
+static int emu8k_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs, int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
+	int ch;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+		for (ch = 0; ch < rec->voices; ch++)
+			start_voice(rec, ch);
+		rec->running = 1;
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+		rec->running = 0;
+		for (ch = 0; ch < rec->voices; ch++)
+			stop_voice(rec, ch);
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * copy / silence ops
+ */
+
+/*
+ * this macro should be inserted in the copy/silence loops
+ * to reduce the latency.  without this, the system will hang up
+ * during the whole loop.
+ */
+#define CHECK_SCHEDULER() \
+do { \
+	cond_resched();\
+	if (signal_pending(current))\
+		return -EAGAIN;\
+} while (0)
+
+#define GET_VAL(sval, iter)						\
+	do {								\
+		if (!iter)						\
+			sval = 0;					\
+		else if (copy_from_iter(&sval, 2, iter) != 2)		\
+			return -EFAULT;					\
+	} while (0)
+
+#ifdef USE_NONINTERLEAVE
+
+#define LOOP_WRITE(rec, offset, iter, count)			\
+	do {							\
+		struct snd_emu8000 *emu = (rec)->emu;		\
+		snd_emu8000_write_wait(emu, 1);			\
+		EMU8000_SMALW_WRITE(emu, offset);		\
+		while (count > 0) {				\
+			unsigned short sval;			\
+			CHECK_SCHEDULER();			\
+			GET_VAL(sval, iter);			\
+			EMU8000_SMLD_WRITE(emu, sval);		\
+			count--;				\
+		}						\
+	} while (0)
+
+/* copy one channel block */
+static int emu8k_pcm_copy(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs,
+			  int voice, unsigned long pos,
+			  struct iov_iter *src, unsigned long count)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
+
+	/* convert to word unit */
+	pos = (pos << 1) + rec->loop_start[voice];
+	count <<= 1;
+	LOOP_WRITE(rec, pos, src, count);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* make a channel block silence */
+static int emu8k_pcm_silence(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs,
+			     int voice, unsigned long pos, unsigned long count)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
+
+	/* convert to word unit */
+	pos = (pos << 1) + rec->loop_start[voice];
+	count <<= 1;
+	LOOP_WRITE(rec, pos, NULL, count);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#else /* interleave */
+
+#define LOOP_WRITE(rec, pos, iter, count)				\
+	do {								\
+		struct snd_emu8000 *emu = rec->emu;			\
+		snd_emu8000_write_wait(emu, 1);				\
+		EMU8000_SMALW_WRITE(emu, pos + rec->loop_start[0]);	\
+		if (rec->voices > 1)					\
+			EMU8000_SMARW_WRITE(emu, pos + rec->loop_start[1]); \
+		while (count > 0) {					\
+			unsigned short sval;				\
+			CHECK_SCHEDULER();				\
+			GET_VAL(sval, iter);				\
+			EMU8000_SMLD_WRITE(emu, sval);			\
+			if (rec->voices > 1) {				\
+				CHECK_SCHEDULER();			\
+				GET_VAL(sval, iter);			\
+				EMU8000_SMRD_WRITE(emu, sval);		\
+			}						\
+			count--;					\
+		}							\
+	} while (0)
+
+
+/*
+ * copy the interleaved data can be done easily by using
+ * DMA "left" and "right" channels on emu8k engine.
+ */
+static int emu8k_pcm_copy(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs,
+			  int voice, unsigned long pos,
+			  struct iov_iter *src, unsigned long count)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
+
+	/* convert to frames */
+	pos = bytes_to_frames(subs->runtime, pos);
+	count = bytes_to_frames(subs->runtime, count);
+	LOOP_WRITE(rec, pos, src, count);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int emu8k_pcm_silence(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs,
+			     int voice, unsigned long pos, unsigned long count)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
+
+	/* convert to frames */
+	pos = bytes_to_frames(subs->runtime, pos);
+	count = bytes_to_frames(subs->runtime, count);
+	LOOP_WRITE(rec, pos, NULL, count);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+ * allocate a memory block
+ */
+static int emu8k_pcm_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs,
+			       struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
+
+	if (rec->block) {
+		/* reallocation - release the old block */
+		snd_util_mem_free(rec->emu->memhdr, rec->block);
+		rec->block = NULL;
+	}
+
+	rec->allocated_bytes = params_buffer_bytes(hw_params) + LOOP_BLANK_SIZE * 4;
+	rec->block = snd_util_mem_alloc(rec->emu->memhdr, rec->allocated_bytes);
+	if (! rec->block)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	rec->offset = EMU8000_DRAM_OFFSET + (rec->block->offset >> 1); /* in word */
+	/* at least dma_bytes must be set for non-interleaved mode */
+	subs->dma_buffer.bytes = params_buffer_bytes(hw_params);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * free the memory block
+ */
+static int emu8k_pcm_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
+
+	if (rec->block) {
+		int ch;
+		for (ch = 0; ch < rec->voices; ch++)
+			stop_voice(rec, ch); // to be sure
+		if (rec->dram_opened)
+			emu8k_close_dram(rec->emu);
+		snd_util_mem_free(rec->emu->memhdr, rec->block);
+		rec->block = NULL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ */
+static int emu8k_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
+
+	rec->pitch = 0xe000 + calc_rate_offset(subs->runtime->rate);
+	rec->last_ptr = 0;
+	rec->period_pos = 0;
+
+	rec->buf_size = subs->runtime->buffer_size;
+	rec->period_size = subs->runtime->period_size;
+	rec->voices = subs->runtime->channels;
+	rec->loop_start[0] = rec->offset + LOOP_BLANK_SIZE;
+	if (rec->voices > 1)
+		rec->loop_start[1] = rec->loop_start[0] + rec->buf_size + LOOP_BLANK_SIZE;
+	if (rec->voices > 1) {
+		rec->panning[0] = 0xff;
+		rec->panning[1] = 0x00;
+	} else
+		rec->panning[0] = 0x80;
+
+	if (! rec->dram_opened) {
+		int err, i, ch;
+
+		snd_emux_terminate_all(rec->emu->emu);
+		err = emu8k_open_dram_for_pcm(rec->emu, rec->voices);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+		rec->dram_opened = 1;
+
+		/* clear loop blanks */
+		snd_emu8000_write_wait(rec->emu, 0);
+		EMU8000_SMALW_WRITE(rec->emu, rec->offset);
+		for (i = 0; i < LOOP_BLANK_SIZE; i++)
+			EMU8000_SMLD_WRITE(rec->emu, 0);
+		for (ch = 0; ch < rec->voices; ch++) {
+			EMU8000_SMALW_WRITE(rec->emu, rec->loop_start[ch] + rec->buf_size);
+			for (i = 0; i < LOOP_BLANK_SIZE; i++)
+				EMU8000_SMLD_WRITE(rec->emu, 0);
+		}
+	}
+
+	setup_voice(rec, 0);
+	if (rec->voices > 1)
+		setup_voice(rec, 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t emu8k_pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
+	if (rec->running)
+		return emu8k_get_curpos(rec, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops emu8k_pcm_ops = {
+	.open =		emu8k_pcm_open,
+	.close =	emu8k_pcm_close,
+	.hw_params =	emu8k_pcm_hw_params,
+	.hw_free =	emu8k_pcm_hw_free,
+	.prepare =	emu8k_pcm_prepare,
+	.trigger =	emu8k_pcm_trigger,
+	.pointer =	emu8k_pcm_pointer,
+	.copy =		emu8k_pcm_copy,
+	.fill_silence =	emu8k_pcm_silence,
+};
+
+
+static void snd_emu8000_pcm_free(struct snd_pcm *pcm)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *emu = pcm->private_data;
+	emu->pcm = NULL;
+}
+
+int snd_emu8000_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int index)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, "Emu8000 PCM", index, 1, 0, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	pcm->private_data = emu;
+	pcm->private_free = snd_emu8000_pcm_free;
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &emu8k_pcm_ops);
+	emu->pcm = pcm;
+
+	snd_device_register(card, pcm);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_synth.c b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_synth.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3414c6d06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_synth.c
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *     and (c) 1999 Steve Ratcliffe <steve@parabola.demon.co.uk>
+ *  Copyright (C) 1999-2000 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
+ *
+ *  Emu8000 synth plug-in routine
+ */
+
+#include "emu8000_local.h"
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Takashi Iwai, Steve Ratcliffe");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Emu8000 synth plug-in routine");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * create a new hardware dependent device for Emu8000
+ */
+static int snd_emu8000_probe(struct snd_seq_device *dev)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw;
+	struct snd_emux *emu;
+
+	hw = *(struct snd_emu8000**)SNDRV_SEQ_DEVICE_ARGPTR(dev);
+	if (hw == NULL)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (hw->emu)
+		return -EBUSY; /* already exists..? */
+
+	if (snd_emux_new(&emu) < 0)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	hw->emu = emu;
+	snd_emu8000_ops_setup(hw);
+
+	emu->hw = hw;
+	emu->max_voices = EMU8000_DRAM_VOICES;
+	emu->num_ports = hw->seq_ports;
+
+	if (hw->memhdr) {
+		dev_err(hw->card->dev, "memhdr is already initialized!?\n");
+		snd_util_memhdr_free(hw->memhdr);
+	}
+	hw->memhdr = snd_util_memhdr_new(hw->mem_size);
+	if (hw->memhdr == NULL) {
+		snd_emux_free(emu);
+		hw->emu = NULL;
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	emu->memhdr = hw->memhdr;
+	emu->midi_ports = hw->seq_ports < 2 ? hw->seq_ports : 2; /* number of virmidi ports */
+	emu->midi_devidx = 1;
+	emu->linear_panning = 1;
+	emu->hwdep_idx = 2; /* FIXED */
+
+	if (snd_emux_register(emu, dev->card, hw->index, "Emu8000") < 0) {
+		snd_emux_free(emu);
+		snd_util_memhdr_free(hw->memhdr);
+		hw->emu = NULL;
+		hw->memhdr = NULL;
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	if (hw->mem_size > 0)
+		snd_emu8000_pcm_new(dev->card, hw, 1);
+
+	dev->driver_data = hw;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * free all resources
+ */
+static void snd_emu8000_remove(struct snd_seq_device *dev)
+{
+	struct snd_emu8000 *hw;
+
+	if (dev->driver_data == NULL)
+		return; /* no synth was allocated actually */
+
+	hw = dev->driver_data;
+	if (hw->pcm)
+		snd_device_free(dev->card, hw->pcm);
+	snd_emux_free(hw->emu);
+	snd_util_memhdr_free(hw->memhdr);
+	hw->emu = NULL;
+	hw->memhdr = NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  INIT part
+ */
+
+static struct snd_seq_driver emu8000_driver = {
+	.probe = snd_emu8000_probe,
+	.remove = snd_emu8000_remove,
+	.driver = {
+		.name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
+	},
+	.id = SNDRV_SEQ_DEV_ID_EMU8000,
+	.argsize = sizeof(struct snd_emu8000 *),
+};
+
+module_snd_seq_driver(emu8000_driver);
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/jazz16.c b/sound/isa/sb/jazz16.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3f2a5c4e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/jazz16.c
@@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * jazz16.c - driver for Media Vision Jazz16 based soundcards.
+ * Copyright (C) 2009 Krzysztof Helt <krzysztof.h1@wp.pl>
+ * Based on patches posted by Rask Ingemann Lambertsen and Rene Herman.
+ * Based on OSS Sound Blaster driver.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#include <sound/sb.h>
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IRQ
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_DMA
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+#define PFX "jazz16: "
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Media Vision Jazz16");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Krzysztof Helt <krzysztof.h1@wp.pl>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;	/* Enable this card */
+static unsigned long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static unsigned long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+static int dma8[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;
+static int dma16[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for Media Vision Jazz16 based soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for Media Vision Jazz16 based soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable Media Vision Jazz16 based soundcard.");
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for jazz16 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_port, "MPU-401 port # for jazz16 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for jazz16 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_irq, "MPU-401 IRQ # for jazz16 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma8, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma8, "DMA8 # for jazz16 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma16, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma16, "DMA16 # for jazz16 driver.");
+
+#define SB_JAZZ16_WAKEUP	0xaf
+#define SB_JAZZ16_SET_PORTS	0x50
+#define SB_DSP_GET_JAZZ_BRD_REV	0xfa
+#define SB_JAZZ16_SET_DMAINTR	0xfb
+#define SB_DSP_GET_JAZZ_MODEL	0xfe
+
+struct snd_card_jazz16 {
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+};
+
+static irqreturn_t jazz16_interrupt(int irq, void *chip)
+{
+	return snd_sb8dsp_interrupt(chip);
+}
+
+static int jazz16_configure_ports(struct snd_card *card,
+				  unsigned long port,
+				  unsigned long mpu_port, int idx)
+{
+	unsigned char val;
+
+	if (!request_region(0x201, 1, "jazz16 config")) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "config port region is already in use.\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	outb(SB_JAZZ16_WAKEUP - idx, 0x201);
+	udelay(100);
+	outb(SB_JAZZ16_SET_PORTS + idx, 0x201);
+	udelay(100);
+	val = port & 0x70;
+	val |= (mpu_port & 0x30) >> 4;
+	outb(val, 0x201);
+
+	release_region(0x201, 1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int jazz16_detect_board(struct snd_card *card, unsigned long port,
+			       unsigned long mpu_port)
+{
+	int err;
+	int val;
+	struct snd_sb chip = {};
+
+	if (!request_region(port, 0x10, "jazz16")) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "I/O port region is already in use.\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	/* just to call snd_sbdsp_command/reset/get_byte() */
+	chip.port = port;
+
+	err = snd_sbdsp_reset(&chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		for (val = 0; val < 4; val++) {
+			err = jazz16_configure_ports(card, port, mpu_port, val);
+			if (err < 0)
+				break;
+
+			err = snd_sbdsp_reset(&chip);
+			if (!err)
+				break;
+		}
+	if (err < 0) {
+		err = -ENODEV;
+		goto err_unmap;
+	}
+	if (!snd_sbdsp_command(&chip, SB_DSP_GET_JAZZ_BRD_REV)) {
+		err = -EBUSY;
+		goto err_unmap;
+	}
+	val = snd_sbdsp_get_byte(&chip);
+	if (val >= 0x30)
+		snd_sbdsp_get_byte(&chip);
+
+	if ((val & 0xf0) != 0x10) {
+		err = -ENODEV;
+		goto err_unmap;
+	}
+	if (!snd_sbdsp_command(&chip, SB_DSP_GET_JAZZ_MODEL)) {
+		err = -EBUSY;
+		goto err_unmap;
+	}
+	snd_sbdsp_get_byte(&chip);
+	err = snd_sbdsp_get_byte(&chip);
+	dev_dbg(card->dev, "Media Vision Jazz16 board detected: rev 0x%x, model 0x%x\n",
+		val, err);
+
+	err = 0;
+
+err_unmap:
+	release_region(port, 0x10);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int jazz16_configure_board(struct snd_sb *chip, int mpu_irq)
+{
+	static const unsigned char jazz_irq_bits[] = { 0, 0, 2, 3, 0, 1, 0, 4,
+						 0, 2, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 6 };
+	static const unsigned char jazz_dma_bits[] = { 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 3, 0, 4 };
+
+	if (jazz_dma_bits[chip->dma8] == 0 ||
+	    jazz_dma_bits[chip->dma16] == 0 ||
+	    jazz_irq_bits[chip->irq] == 0)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (!snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_JAZZ16_SET_DMAINTR))
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	if (!snd_sbdsp_command(chip,
+			       jazz_dma_bits[chip->dma8] |
+			       (jazz_dma_bits[chip->dma16] << 4)))
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	if (!snd_sbdsp_command(chip,
+			       jazz_irq_bits[chip->irq] |
+			       (jazz_irq_bits[mpu_irq] << 4)))
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_jazz16_match(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	if (!enable[dev])
+		return 0;
+	if (port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "please specify port\n");
+		return 0;
+	} else if (port[dev] == 0x200 || (port[dev] & ~0x270)) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "incorrect port specified\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (dma8[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_DMA &&
+	    dma8[dev] != 1 && dma8[dev] != 3) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "dma8 must be 1 or 3\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (dma16[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_DMA &&
+	    dma16[dev] != 5 && dma16[dev] != 7) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "dma16 must be 5 or 7\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT &&
+	    (mpu_port[dev] & ~0x030) != 0x300) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "incorrect mpu_port specified\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (mpu_irq[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_DMA &&
+	    mpu_irq[dev] != 2 && mpu_irq[dev] != 3 &&
+	    mpu_irq[dev] != 5 && mpu_irq[dev] != 7) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "mpu_irq must be 2, 3, 5 or 7\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_jazz16_probe(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_card_jazz16 *jazz16;
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+	static const int possible_irqs[] = {2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 15, -1};
+	static const int possible_dmas8[] = {1, 3, -1};
+	static const int possible_dmas16[] = {5, 7, -1};
+	int err, xirq, xdma8, xdma16, xmpu_port, xmpu_irq;
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(devptr, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_card_jazz16), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	jazz16 = card->private_data;
+
+	xirq = irq[dev];
+	if (xirq == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		xirq = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (xirq < 0) {
+			dev_err(devptr, "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	xdma8 = dma8[dev];
+	if (xdma8 == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		xdma8 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas8);
+		if (xdma8 < 0) {
+			dev_err(devptr, "unable to find a free DMA8\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	xdma16 = dma16[dev];
+	if (xdma16 == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		xdma16 = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas16);
+		if (xdma16 < 0) {
+			dev_err(devptr, "unable to find a free DMA16\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	xmpu_port = mpu_port[dev];
+	if (xmpu_port == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		xmpu_port = 0;
+	err = jazz16_detect_board(card, port[dev], xmpu_port);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "Media Vision Jazz16 board not detected\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	err = snd_sbdsp_create(card, port[dev], irq[dev],
+			       jazz16_interrupt,
+			       dma8[dev], dma16[dev],
+			       SB_HW_JAZZ16,
+			       &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	xmpu_irq = mpu_irq[dev];
+	if (xmpu_irq == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ || mpu_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		xmpu_irq = 0;
+	err = jazz16_configure_board(chip, xmpu_irq);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "Media Vision Jazz16 configuration failed\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	jazz16->chip = chip;
+
+	strscpy(card->driver, "jazz16");
+	strscpy(card->shortname, "Media Vision Jazz16");
+	sprintf(card->longname,
+		"Media Vision Jazz16 at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma8 %d, dma16 %d",
+		port[dev], xirq, xdma8, xdma16);
+
+	err = snd_sb8dsp_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_sbmixer_new(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_opl3_create(card, chip->port, chip->port + 2,
+			      OPL3_HW_AUTO, 1, &opl3);
+	if (err < 0)
+		dev_warn(devptr, "no OPL device at 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
+			 chip->port, chip->port + 2);
+	else {
+		err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	if (mpu_port[dev] > 0 && mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (mpu_irq[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ)
+			mpu_irq[dev] = -1;
+
+		if (snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0,
+					MPU401_HW_MPU401,
+					mpu_port[dev], 0,
+					mpu_irq[dev],
+					NULL) < 0)
+			dev_err(devptr, "no MPU-401 device at 0x%lx\n",
+				mpu_port[dev]);
+	}
+
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(devptr, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_jazz16_suspend(struct device *pdev, unsigned int n,
+			       pm_message_t state)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(pdev);
+	struct snd_card_jazz16 *acard = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_sb *chip = acard->chip;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	snd_sbmixer_suspend(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_jazz16_resume(struct device *pdev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(pdev);
+	struct snd_card_jazz16 *acard = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_sb *chip = acard->chip;
+
+	snd_sbdsp_reset(chip);
+	snd_sbmixer_resume(chip);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_jazz16_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_jazz16_match,
+	.probe		= snd_jazz16_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_jazz16_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_jazz16_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= "jazz16"
+	},
+};
+
+module_isa_driver(snd_jazz16_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb16.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb16.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..866d7f5c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb16.c
@@ -0,0 +1,655 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Driver for SoundBlaster 16/AWE32/AWE64 soundcards
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/pnp.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/sb.h>
+#include <sound/sb16_csp.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#include <sound/emu8000.h>
+#include <sound/seq_device.h>
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IRQ
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_DMA
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+#ifndef SNDRV_SBAWE
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Sound Blaster 16");
+#else
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Sound Blaster AWE");
+#endif
+
+#if 0
+#define SNDRV_DEBUG_IRQ
+#endif
+
+#if defined(SNDRV_SBAWE) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER)
+#define SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
+#endif
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE_ISAPNP; /* Enable this card */
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static bool isapnp[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 1};
+#endif
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280 */
+static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x330,0x300 */
+static long fm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
+static long awe_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+#endif
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5,7,9,10 */
+static int dma8[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0,1,3 */
+static int dma16[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 5,6,7 */
+static int mic_agc[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 1};
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_SB16_CSP
+static int csp[SNDRV_CARDS];
+#endif
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
+static int seq_ports[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 4};
+#endif
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for SoundBlaster 16 soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for SoundBlaster 16 soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable SoundBlaster 16 soundcard.");
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+module_param_array(isapnp, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(isapnp, "PnP detection for specified soundcard.");
+#endif
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for SB16 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_port, "MPU-401 port # for SB16 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(fm_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fm_port, "FM port # for SB16 PnP driver.");
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
+module_param_hw_array(awe_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(awe_port, "AWE port # for SB16 PnP driver.");
+#endif
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for SB16 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma8, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma8, "8-bit DMA # for SB16 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma16, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma16, "16-bit DMA # for SB16 driver.");
+module_param_array(mic_agc, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mic_agc, "Mic Auto-Gain-Control switch.");
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_SB16_CSP
+module_param_array(csp, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(csp, "ASP/CSP chip support.");
+#endif
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
+module_param_array(seq_ports, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(seq_ports, "Number of sequencer ports for WaveTable synth.");
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int isa_registered __ro_after_init;
+static int pnp_registered __ro_after_init;
+#endif
+
+struct snd_card_sb16 {
+	struct resource *fm_res;	/* used to block FM i/o region for legacy cards */
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	int dev_no;
+	struct pnp_dev *dev;
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
+	struct pnp_dev *devwt;
+#endif
+#endif
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id snd_sb16_pnpids[] = {
+#ifndef SNDRV_SBAWE
+	/* Sound Blaster 16 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL0024", .devs = { { "CTL0031" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster 16 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL0025", .devs = { { "CTL0031" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster 16 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL0026", .devs = { { "CTL0031" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster 16 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL0027", .devs = { { "CTL0031" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster 16 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL0028", .devs = { { "CTL0031" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster 16 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL0029", .devs = { { "CTL0031" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster 16 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL002a", .devs = { { "CTL0031" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster 16 PnP */
+	/* Note: This card has also a CTL0051:StereoEnhance device!!! */
+	{ .id = "CTL002b", .devs = { { "CTL0031" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster 16 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL002c", .devs = { { "CTL0031" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster Vibra16S */
+	{ .id = "CTL0051", .devs = { { "CTL0001" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster Vibra16C */
+	{ .id = "CTL0070", .devs = { { "CTL0001" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster Vibra16CL - added by ctm@ardi.com */
+	{ .id = "CTL0080", .devs = { { "CTL0041" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster 16 'value' PnP. It says model ct4130 on the pcb, */
+	/* but ct4131 on a sticker on the board.. */
+	{ .id = "CTL0086", .devs = { { "CTL0041" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster Vibra16X */
+	{ .id = "CTL00f0", .devs = { { "CTL0043" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster 16 (Virtual PC 2004) */
+	{ .id = "tBA03b0", .devs = { {.id="PNPb003" } } },
+#else  /* SNDRV_SBAWE defined */
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 32 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL0035", .devs = { { "CTL0031" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 32 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL0039", .devs = { { "CTL0031" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 32 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL0042", .devs = { { "CTL0031" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 32 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL0043", .devs = { { "CTL0031" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 32 PnP */
+	/* Note: This card has also a CTL0051:StereoEnhance device!!! */
+	{ .id = "CTL0044", .devs = { { "CTL0031" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 32 PnP */
+	/* Note: This card has also a CTL0051:StereoEnhance device!!! */
+	{ .id = "CTL0045", .devs = { { "CTL0031" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 32 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL0046", .devs = { { "CTL0031" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 32 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL0047", .devs = { { "CTL0031" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 32 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL0048", .devs = { { "CTL0031" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 32 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL0054", .devs = { { "CTL0031" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 32 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL009a", .devs = { { "CTL0041" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 32 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL009c", .devs = { { "CTL0041" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster 32 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL009f", .devs = { { "CTL0041" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 64 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL009d", .devs = { { "CTL0042" }, { "CTL0022" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 64 PnP Gold */
+	{ .id = "CTL009e", .devs = { { "CTL0044" }, { "CTL0023" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 64 PnP Gold */
+	{ .id = "CTL00b2", .devs = { { "CTL0044" }, { "CTL0023" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 64 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL00c1", .devs = { { "CTL0042" }, { "CTL0022" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 64 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL00c3", .devs = { { "CTL0045" }, { "CTL0022" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 64 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL00c5", .devs = { { "CTL0045" }, { "CTL0022" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 64 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL00c7", .devs = { { "CTL0045" }, { "CTL0022" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 64 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL00e4", .devs = { { "CTL0045" }, { "CTL0022" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster AWE 64 PnP */
+	{ .id = "CTL00e9", .devs = { { "CTL0045" }, { "CTL0022" } } },
+	/* Sound Blaster 16 PnP (AWE) */
+	{ .id = "CTL00ed", .devs = { { "CTL0041" }, { "CTL0070" } } },
+	/* Generic entries */
+	{ .id = "CTLXXXX" , .devs = { { "CTL0031" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	{ .id = "CTLXXXX" , .devs = { { "CTL0041" }, { "CTL0021" } } },
+	{ .id = "CTLXXXX" , .devs = { { "CTL0042" }, { "CTL0022" } } },
+	{ .id = "CTLXXXX" , .devs = { { "CTL0044" }, { "CTL0023" } } },
+	{ .id = "CTLXXXX" , .devs = { { "CTL0045" }, { "CTL0022" } } },
+#endif /* SNDRV_SBAWE */
+	{ .id = "", }
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_sb16_pnpids);
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
+#define DRIVER_NAME	"snd-card-sbawe"
+#else
+#define DRIVER_NAME	"snd-card-sb16"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+
+static int snd_card_sb16_pnp(int dev, struct snd_card_sb16 *acard,
+			     struct pnp_card_link *card,
+			     const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
+{
+	struct pnp_dev *pdev;
+	int err;
+
+	acard->dev = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (acard->dev == NULL)
+		return -ENODEV; 
+
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
+	acard->devwt = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[1].id, acard->dev);
+#endif
+	/* Audio initialization */
+	pdev = acard->dev;
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev); 
+	if (err < 0) { 
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "AUDIO pnp configure failure\n");
+		return err; 
+	} 
+	port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	mpu_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1);
+	fm_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 2);
+	dma8[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	dma16[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
+	irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+	dev_dbg(&pdev->dev, "pnp SB16: port=0x%lx, mpu port=0x%lx, fm port=0x%lx\n",
+		port[dev], mpu_port[dev], fm_port[dev]);
+	dev_dbg(&pdev->dev, "pnp SB16: dma1=%i, dma2=%i, irq=%i\n",
+		dma8[dev], dma16[dev], irq[dev]);
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
+	/* WaveTable initialization */
+	pdev = acard->devwt;
+	if (pdev != NULL) {
+		err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev); 
+		if (err < 0) { 
+			goto __wt_error; 
+		} 
+		awe_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+		dev_dbg(&pdev->dev, "pnp SB16: wavetable port=0x%llx\n",
+			(unsigned long long)pnp_port_start(pdev, 0));
+	} else {
+__wt_error:
+		if (pdev) {
+			pnp_release_card_device(pdev);
+			dev_err(&pdev->dev, "WaveTable pnp configure failure\n");
+		}
+		acard->devwt = NULL;
+		awe_port[dev] = -1;
+	}
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+#define is_isapnp_selected(dev)		isapnp[dev]
+#else
+#define is_isapnp_selected(dev)		0
+#endif
+
+static int snd_sb16_card_new(struct device *devptr, int dev,
+			     struct snd_card **cardp)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(devptr, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_card_sb16), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_probe(struct snd_card *card, int dev)
+{
+	int xirq, xdma8, xdma16;
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+	struct snd_card_sb16 *acard = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+	struct snd_hwdep *synth = NULL;
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_SB16_CSP
+	struct snd_hwdep *xcsp = NULL;
+#endif
+	int err;
+
+	xirq = irq[dev];
+	xdma8 = dma8[dev];
+	xdma16 = dma16[dev];
+
+	err = snd_sbdsp_create(card, port[dev], xirq, snd_sb16dsp_interrupt,
+			       xdma8, xdma16, SB_HW_AUTO, &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	acard->chip = chip;
+	if (chip->hardware != SB_HW_16) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "SB 16 chip was not detected at 0x%lx\n", port[dev]);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	chip->mpu_port = mpu_port[dev];
+	if (!is_isapnp_selected(dev)) {
+		err = snd_sb16dsp_configure(chip);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_sb16dsp_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	strscpy(card->driver,
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
+			awe_port[dev] > 0 ? "SB AWE" :
+#endif
+			"SB16");
+	strscpy(card->shortname, chip->name);
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %i, dma ",
+		chip->name,
+		chip->port,
+		xirq);
+	if (xdma8 >= 0)
+		sprintf(card->longname + strlen(card->longname), "%d", xdma8);
+	if (xdma16 >= 0)
+		sprintf(card->longname + strlen(card->longname), "%s%d",
+			xdma8 >= 0 ? "&" : "", xdma16);
+
+	if (chip->mpu_port > 0 && chip->mpu_port != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0, MPU401_HW_SB,
+					  chip->mpu_port,
+					  MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK, -1,
+					  &chip->rmidi);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		chip->rmidi_callback = snd_mpu401_uart_interrupt;
+	}
+
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
+	if (awe_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		awe_port[dev] = 0; /* disable */
+#endif
+
+	if (fm_port[dev] > 0 && fm_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (snd_opl3_create(card, fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2,
+				    OPL3_HW_OPL3,
+				    acard->fm_res != NULL || fm_port[dev] == port[dev],
+				    &opl3) < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "no OPL device at 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
+				fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2);
+		} else {
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
+			int seqdev = awe_port[dev] > 0 ? 2 : 1;
+#else
+			int seqdev = 1;
+#endif
+			err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, seqdev, &synth);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = snd_sbmixer_new(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_SB16_CSP
+	/* CSP chip on SB16ASP/AWE32 */
+	if ((chip->hardware == SB_HW_16) && csp[dev]) {
+		snd_sb_csp_new(chip, synth != NULL ? 1 : 0, &xcsp);
+		if (xcsp) {
+			chip->csp = xcsp->private_data;
+			chip->hardware = SB_HW_16CSP;
+		} else {
+			dev_info(card->dev,
+				 "warning - CSP chip not detected on soundcard #%i\n",
+				 dev + 1);
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
+	if (awe_port[dev] > 0) {
+		err = snd_emu8000_new(card, 1, awe_port[dev],
+				      seq_ports[dev], NULL);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev,
+				"fatal error - EMU-8000 synthesizer not detected at 0x%lx\n",
+				awe_port[dev]);
+
+			return err;
+		}
+	}
+#endif
+
+	/* setup Mic AGC */
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->mixer_lock) {
+		snd_sbmixer_write(chip, SB_DSP4_MIC_AGC,
+			(snd_sbmixer_read(chip, SB_DSP4_MIC_AGC) & 0x01) |
+			(mic_agc[dev] ? 0x00 : 0x01));
+	}
+
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_sb16_suspend(struct snd_card *card, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	struct snd_card_sb16 *acard = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_sb *chip = acard->chip;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	snd_sbmixer_suspend(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_resume(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_card_sb16 *acard = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_sb *chip = acard->chip;
+
+	snd_sbdsp_reset(chip);
+	snd_sbmixer_resume(chip);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int snd_sb16_isa_probe1(int dev, struct device *pdev)
+{
+	struct snd_card_sb16 *acard;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_sb16_card_new(pdev, dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	acard = card->private_data;
+	/* non-PnP FM port address is hardwired with base port address */
+	fm_port[dev] = port[dev];
+	/* block the 0x388 port to avoid PnP conflicts */
+	acard->fm_res = devm_request_region(card->dev, 0x388, 4,
+					    "SoundBlaster FM");
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE_EMU8000
+	/* non-PnP AWE port address is hardwired with base port address */
+	awe_port[dev] = port[dev] + 0x400;
+#endif
+
+	err = snd_sb16_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int snd_sb16_isa_match(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	return enable[dev] && !is_isapnp_selected(dev);
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_isa_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	int err;
+	static const int possible_irqs[] = {5, 9, 10, 7, -1};
+	static const int possible_dmas8[] = {1, 3, 0, -1};
+	static const int possible_dmas16[] = {5, 6, 7, -1};
+
+	if (irq[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		irq[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (irq[dev] < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma8[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma8[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas8);
+		if (dma8[dev] < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free 8-bit DMA\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dma16[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dma16[dev] = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas16);
+		if (dma16[dev] < 0) {
+			dev_err(pdev, "unable to find a free 16-bit DMA\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		return snd_sb16_isa_probe1(dev, pdev);
+	else {
+		static const int possible_ports[] = {0x220, 0x240, 0x260, 0x280};
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(possible_ports); i++) {
+			port[dev] = possible_ports[i];
+			err = snd_sb16_isa_probe1(dev, pdev);
+			if (! err)
+				return 0;
+		}
+		return err;
+	}
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_sb16_isa_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+				pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_sb16_suspend(dev_get_drvdata(dev), state);
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_isa_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	return snd_sb16_resume(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE
+#define DEV_NAME "sbawe"
+#else
+#define DEV_NAME "sb16"
+#endif
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_sb16_isa_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_sb16_isa_match,
+	.probe		= snd_sb16_isa_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_sb16_isa_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_sb16_isa_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	},
+};
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int snd_sb16_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+			       const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int res;
+
+	for ( ; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (!enable[dev] || !isapnp[dev])
+			continue;
+		res = snd_sb16_card_new(&pcard->card->dev, dev, &card);
+		if (res < 0)
+			return res;
+		res = snd_card_sb16_pnp(dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid);
+		if (res < 0)
+			return res;
+		res = snd_sb16_probe(card, dev);
+		if (res < 0)
+			return res;
+		pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+		dev++;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_sb16_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_sb16_suspend(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard), state);
+}
+static int snd_sb16_pnp_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	return snd_sb16_resume(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver sb16_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags = PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
+#ifdef SNDRV_SBAWE
+	.name = "sbawe",
+#else
+	.name = "sb16",
+#endif
+	.id_table = snd_sb16_pnpids,
+	.probe = snd_sb16_pnp_detect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend = snd_sb16_pnp_suspend,
+	.resume = snd_sb16_pnp_resume,
+#endif
+};
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static int __init alsa_card_sb16_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = isa_register_driver(&snd_sb16_isa_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (!err)
+		isa_registered = 1;
+
+	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&sb16_pnpc_driver);
+	if (!err)
+		pnp_registered = 1;
+
+	if (isa_registered)
+		err = 0;
+#endif
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_card_sb16_exit(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (pnp_registered)
+		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&sb16_pnpc_driver);
+	if (isa_registered)
+#endif
+		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_sb16_isa_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_card_sb16_init)
+module_exit(alsa_card_sb16_exit)
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb16_csp.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb16_csp.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bece60051
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb16_csp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1157 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) 1999 by Uros Bizjak <uros@kss-loka.si>
+ *                        Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
+ *
+ *  SB16ASP/AWE32 CSP control
+ *
+ *  CSP microcode loader:
+ *   alsa-tools/sb16_csp/ 
+ */
+
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/string_choices.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include <sound/info.h>
+#include <sound/sb16_csp.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Uros Bizjak <uros@kss-loka.si>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ALSA driver for SB16 Creative Signal Processor");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_FIRMWARE("sb16/mulaw_main.csp");
+MODULE_FIRMWARE("sb16/alaw_main.csp");
+MODULE_FIRMWARE("sb16/ima_adpcm_init.csp");
+MODULE_FIRMWARE("sb16/ima_adpcm_playback.csp");
+MODULE_FIRMWARE("sb16/ima_adpcm_capture.csp");
+
+#ifdef SNDRV_LITTLE_ENDIAN
+#define CSP_HDR_VALUE(a,b,c,d)	((a) | ((b)<<8) | ((c)<<16) | ((d)<<24))
+#else
+#define CSP_HDR_VALUE(a,b,c,d)	((d) | ((c)<<8) | ((b)<<16) | ((a)<<24))
+#endif
+
+#define RIFF_HEADER	CSP_HDR_VALUE('R', 'I', 'F', 'F')
+#define CSP__HEADER	CSP_HDR_VALUE('C', 'S', 'P', ' ')
+#define LIST_HEADER	CSP_HDR_VALUE('L', 'I', 'S', 'T')
+#define FUNC_HEADER	CSP_HDR_VALUE('f', 'u', 'n', 'c')
+#define CODE_HEADER	CSP_HDR_VALUE('c', 'o', 'd', 'e')
+#define INIT_HEADER	CSP_HDR_VALUE('i', 'n', 'i', 't')
+#define MAIN_HEADER	CSP_HDR_VALUE('m', 'a', 'i', 'n')
+
+/*
+ * RIFF data format
+ */
+struct riff_header {
+	__le32 name;
+	__le32 len;
+};
+
+struct desc_header {
+	struct riff_header info;
+	__le16 func_nr;
+	__le16 VOC_type;
+	__le16 flags_play_rec;
+	__le16 flags_16bit_8bit;
+	__le16 flags_stereo_mono;
+	__le16 flags_rates;
+};
+
+/*
+ * prototypes
+ */
+static void snd_sb_csp_free(struct snd_hwdep *hw);
+static int snd_sb_csp_open(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *file);
+static int snd_sb_csp_ioctl(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg);
+static int snd_sb_csp_release(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *file);
+
+static int csp_detect(struct snd_sb *chip, int *version);
+static int set_codec_parameter(struct snd_sb *chip, unsigned char par, unsigned char val);
+static int set_register(struct snd_sb *chip, unsigned char reg, unsigned char val);
+static int read_register(struct snd_sb *chip, unsigned char reg);
+static int set_mode_register(struct snd_sb *chip, unsigned char mode);
+static int get_version(struct snd_sb *chip);
+
+static int snd_sb_csp_riff_load(struct snd_sb_csp * p,
+				struct snd_sb_csp_microcode __user * code);
+static int snd_sb_csp_unload(struct snd_sb_csp * p);
+static int snd_sb_csp_load_user(struct snd_sb_csp * p, const unsigned char __user *buf, int size, int load_flags);
+static int snd_sb_csp_autoload(struct snd_sb_csp * p, snd_pcm_format_t pcm_sfmt, int play_rec_mode);
+static int snd_sb_csp_check_version(struct snd_sb_csp * p);
+
+static int snd_sb_csp_use(struct snd_sb_csp * p);
+static int snd_sb_csp_unuse(struct snd_sb_csp * p);
+static int snd_sb_csp_start(struct snd_sb_csp * p, int sample_width, int channels);
+static int snd_sb_csp_stop(struct snd_sb_csp * p);
+static int snd_sb_csp_pause(struct snd_sb_csp * p);
+static int snd_sb_csp_restart(struct snd_sb_csp * p);
+
+static int snd_sb_qsound_build(struct snd_sb_csp * p);
+static void snd_sb_qsound_destroy(struct snd_sb_csp * p);
+static int snd_sb_csp_qsound_transfer(struct snd_sb_csp * p);
+
+static int init_proc_entry(struct snd_sb_csp * p, int device);
+static void info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry, struct snd_info_buffer *buffer);
+
+/*
+ * Detect CSP chip and create a new instance
+ */
+int snd_sb_csp_new(struct snd_sb *chip, int device, struct snd_hwdep ** rhwdep)
+{
+	struct snd_sb_csp *p;
+	int version;
+	int err;
+	struct snd_hwdep *hw;
+
+	if (rhwdep)
+		*rhwdep = NULL;
+
+	if (csp_detect(chip, &version))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	err = snd_hwdep_new(chip->card, "SB16-CSP", device, &hw);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	p = kzalloc_obj(*p);
+	if (!p) {
+		snd_device_free(chip->card, hw);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	p->chip = chip;
+	p->version = version;
+
+	/* CSP operators */
+	p->ops.csp_use = snd_sb_csp_use;
+	p->ops.csp_unuse = snd_sb_csp_unuse;
+	p->ops.csp_autoload = snd_sb_csp_autoload;
+	p->ops.csp_start = snd_sb_csp_start;
+	p->ops.csp_stop = snd_sb_csp_stop;
+	p->ops.csp_qsound_transfer = snd_sb_csp_qsound_transfer;
+
+	mutex_init(&p->access_mutex);
+	sprintf(hw->name, "CSP v%d.%d", (version >> 4), (version & 0x0f));
+	hw->iface = SNDRV_HWDEP_IFACE_SB16CSP;
+	hw->private_data = p;
+	hw->private_free = snd_sb_csp_free;
+
+	/* operators - only write/ioctl */
+	hw->ops.open = snd_sb_csp_open;
+	hw->ops.ioctl = snd_sb_csp_ioctl;
+	hw->ops.release = snd_sb_csp_release;
+
+	/* create a proc entry */
+	init_proc_entry(p, device);
+	if (rhwdep)
+		*rhwdep = hw;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * free_private for hwdep instance
+ */
+static void snd_sb_csp_free(struct snd_hwdep *hwdep)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct snd_sb_csp *p = hwdep->private_data;
+	if (p) {
+		if (p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_RUNNING)
+			snd_sb_csp_stop(p);
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(p->csp_programs); ++i)
+			release_firmware(p->csp_programs[i]);
+		kfree(p);
+	}
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------ */
+
+/*
+ * open the device exclusively
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_open(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *file)
+{
+	struct snd_sb_csp *p = hw->private_data;
+	return (snd_sb_csp_use(p));
+}
+
+/*
+ * ioctl for hwdep device:
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_ioctl(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+	struct snd_sb_csp *p = hw->private_data;
+	struct snd_sb_csp_info info;
+	struct snd_sb_csp_start start_info;
+	int err;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!p))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (snd_sb_csp_check_version(p))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+		/* get information */
+	case SNDRV_SB_CSP_IOCTL_INFO:
+		memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
+		*info.codec_name = *p->codec_name;
+		info.func_nr = p->func_nr;
+		info.acc_format = p->acc_format;
+		info.acc_channels = p->acc_channels;
+		info.acc_width = p->acc_width;
+		info.acc_rates = p->acc_rates;
+		info.csp_mode = p->mode;
+		info.run_channels = p->run_channels;
+		info.run_width = p->run_width;
+		info.version = p->version;
+		info.state = p->running;
+		if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &info, sizeof(info)))
+			err = -EFAULT;
+		else
+			err = 0;
+		break;
+
+		/* load CSP microcode */
+	case SNDRV_SB_CSP_IOCTL_LOAD_CODE:
+		err = (p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_RUNNING ?
+		       -EBUSY : snd_sb_csp_riff_load(p, (struct snd_sb_csp_microcode __user *) arg));
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_SB_CSP_IOCTL_UNLOAD_CODE:
+		err = (p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_RUNNING ?
+		       -EBUSY : snd_sb_csp_unload(p));
+		break;
+
+		/* change CSP running state */
+	case SNDRV_SB_CSP_IOCTL_START:
+		if (copy_from_user(&start_info, (void __user *) arg, sizeof(start_info)))
+			err = -EFAULT;
+		else
+			err = snd_sb_csp_start(p, start_info.sample_width, start_info.channels);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_SB_CSP_IOCTL_STOP:
+		err = snd_sb_csp_stop(p);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_SB_CSP_IOCTL_PAUSE:
+		err = snd_sb_csp_pause(p);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_SB_CSP_IOCTL_RESTART:
+		err = snd_sb_csp_restart(p);
+		break;
+	default:
+		err = -ENOTTY;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * close the device
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_release(struct snd_hwdep * hw, struct file *file)
+{
+	struct snd_sb_csp *p = hw->private_data;
+	return (snd_sb_csp_unuse(p));
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------ */
+
+/*
+ * acquire device
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_use(struct snd_sb_csp * p)
+{
+	guard(mutex)(&p->access_mutex);
+	if (p->used)
+		return -EAGAIN;
+	p->used++;
+	return 0;
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * release device
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_unuse(struct snd_sb_csp * p)
+{
+	guard(mutex)(&p->access_mutex);
+	p->used--;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * load microcode via ioctl: 
+ * code is user-space pointer
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_riff_load(struct snd_sb_csp * p,
+				struct snd_sb_csp_microcode __user * mcode)
+{
+	struct snd_sb_csp_mc_header info;
+	struct device *dev = p->chip->card->dev;
+
+	unsigned char __user *data_ptr;
+	unsigned char __user *data_end;
+	unsigned short func_nr = 0;
+
+	struct riff_header file_h, item_h, code_h;
+	__le32 item_type;
+	struct desc_header funcdesc_h;
+
+	int err;
+
+	if (copy_from_user(&info, mcode, sizeof(info)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	data_ptr = mcode->data;
+
+	if (copy_from_user(&file_h, data_ptr, sizeof(file_h)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	if ((le32_to_cpu(file_h.name) != RIFF_HEADER) ||
+	    (le32_to_cpu(file_h.len) >= SNDRV_SB_CSP_MAX_MICROCODE_FILE_SIZE - sizeof(file_h))) {
+		dev_dbg(dev, "%s: Invalid RIFF header\n", __func__);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	data_ptr += sizeof(file_h);
+	data_end = data_ptr + le32_to_cpu(file_h.len);
+
+	if (copy_from_user(&item_type, data_ptr, sizeof(item_type)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	if (le32_to_cpu(item_type) != CSP__HEADER) {
+		dev_dbg(dev, "%s: Invalid RIFF file type\n", __func__);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	data_ptr += sizeof (item_type);
+
+	for (; data_ptr < data_end; data_ptr += le32_to_cpu(item_h.len)) {
+		if (copy_from_user(&item_h, data_ptr, sizeof(item_h)))
+			return -EFAULT;
+		data_ptr += sizeof(item_h);
+		if (le32_to_cpu(item_h.name) != LIST_HEADER)
+			continue;
+
+		if (copy_from_user(&item_type, data_ptr, sizeof(item_type)))
+			 return -EFAULT;
+		switch (le32_to_cpu(item_type)) {
+		case FUNC_HEADER:
+			if (copy_from_user(&funcdesc_h, data_ptr + sizeof(item_type), sizeof(funcdesc_h)))
+				return -EFAULT;
+			func_nr = le16_to_cpu(funcdesc_h.func_nr);
+			break;
+		case CODE_HEADER:
+			if (func_nr != info.func_req)
+				break;	/* not required function, try next */
+			data_ptr += sizeof(item_type);
+
+			/* destroy QSound mixer element */
+			if (p->mode == SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_QSOUND) {
+				snd_sb_qsound_destroy(p);
+			}
+			/* Clear all flags */
+			p->running = 0;
+			p->mode = 0;
+
+			/* load microcode blocks */
+			for (;;) {
+				if (data_ptr >= data_end)
+					return -EINVAL;
+				if (copy_from_user(&code_h, data_ptr, sizeof(code_h)))
+					return -EFAULT;
+
+				/* init microcode blocks */
+				if (le32_to_cpu(code_h.name) != INIT_HEADER)
+					break;
+				data_ptr += sizeof(code_h);
+				err = snd_sb_csp_load_user(p, data_ptr, le32_to_cpu(code_h.len),
+						      SNDRV_SB_CSP_LOAD_INITBLOCK);
+				if (err)
+					return err;
+				data_ptr += le32_to_cpu(code_h.len);
+			}
+			/* main microcode block */
+			if (copy_from_user(&code_h, data_ptr, sizeof(code_h)))
+				return -EFAULT;
+
+			if (le32_to_cpu(code_h.name) != MAIN_HEADER) {
+				dev_dbg(dev, "%s: Missing 'main' microcode\n", __func__);
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+			data_ptr += sizeof(code_h);
+			err = snd_sb_csp_load_user(p, data_ptr,
+						   le32_to_cpu(code_h.len), 0);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
+
+			/* fill in codec header */
+			strscpy(p->codec_name, info.codec_name, sizeof(p->codec_name));
+			p->func_nr = func_nr;
+			p->mode = le16_to_cpu(funcdesc_h.flags_play_rec);
+			switch (le16_to_cpu(funcdesc_h.VOC_type)) {
+			case 0x0001:	/* QSound decoder */
+				if (le16_to_cpu(funcdesc_h.flags_play_rec) == SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_WRITE) {
+					if (snd_sb_qsound_build(p) == 0)
+						/* set QSound flag and clear all other mode flags */
+						p->mode = SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_QSOUND;
+				}
+				p->acc_format = 0;
+				break;
+			case 0x0006:	/* A Law codec */
+				p->acc_format = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_A_LAW;
+				break;
+			case 0x0007:	/* Mu Law codec */
+				p->acc_format = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_MU_LAW;
+				break;
+			case 0x0011:	/* what Creative thinks is IMA ADPCM codec */
+			case 0x0200:	/* Creative ADPCM codec */
+				p->acc_format = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IMA_ADPCM;
+				break;
+			case    201:	/* Text 2 Speech decoder */
+				/* TODO: Text2Speech handling routines */
+				p->acc_format = 0;
+				break;
+			case 0x0202:	/* Fast Speech 8 codec */
+			case 0x0203:	/* Fast Speech 10 codec */
+				p->acc_format = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_SPECIAL;
+				break;
+			default:	/* other codecs are unsupported */
+				p->acc_format = p->acc_width = p->acc_rates = 0;
+				p->mode = 0;
+				dev_dbg(dev, "%s: Unsupported CSP codec type: 0x%04x\n",
+					__func__,
+					le16_to_cpu(funcdesc_h.VOC_type));
+				return -EINVAL;
+			}
+			p->acc_channels = le16_to_cpu(funcdesc_h.flags_stereo_mono);
+			p->acc_width = le16_to_cpu(funcdesc_h.flags_16bit_8bit);
+			p->acc_rates = le16_to_cpu(funcdesc_h.flags_rates);
+
+			/* Decouple CSP from IRQ and DMAREQ lines */
+			guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&p->chip->reg_lock);
+			set_mode_register(p->chip, 0xfc);
+			set_mode_register(p->chip, 0x00);
+
+			/* finished loading successfully */
+			p->running = SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_LOADED;	/* set LOADED flag */
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	dev_dbg(dev, "%s: Function #%d not found\n", __func__, info.func_req);
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * unload CSP microcode
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_unload(struct snd_sb_csp * p)
+{
+	if (p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_RUNNING)
+		return -EBUSY;
+	if (!(p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_LOADED))
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	/* clear supported formats */
+	p->acc_format = 0;
+	p->acc_channels = p->acc_width = p->acc_rates = 0;
+	/* destroy QSound mixer element */
+	if (p->mode == SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_QSOUND) {
+		snd_sb_qsound_destroy(p);
+	}
+	/* clear all flags */
+	p->running = 0;
+	p->mode = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * send command sequence to DSP
+ */
+static inline int command_seq(struct snd_sb *chip, const unsigned char *seq, int size)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+		if (!snd_sbdsp_command(chip, seq[i]))
+			return -EIO;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * set CSP codec parameter
+ */
+static int set_codec_parameter(struct snd_sb *chip, unsigned char par, unsigned char val)
+{
+	unsigned char dsp_cmd[3];
+
+	dsp_cmd[0] = 0x05;	/* CSP set codec parameter */
+	dsp_cmd[1] = val;	/* Parameter value */
+	dsp_cmd[2] = par;	/* Parameter */
+	command_seq(chip, dsp_cmd, 3);
+	snd_sbdsp_command(chip, 0x03);	/* DSP read? */
+	if (snd_sbdsp_get_byte(chip) != par)
+		return -EIO;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * set CSP register
+ */
+static int set_register(struct snd_sb *chip, unsigned char reg, unsigned char val)
+{
+	unsigned char dsp_cmd[3];
+
+	dsp_cmd[0] = 0x0e;	/* CSP set register */
+	dsp_cmd[1] = reg;	/* CSP Register */
+	dsp_cmd[2] = val;	/* value */
+	return command_seq(chip, dsp_cmd, 3);
+}
+
+/*
+ * read CSP register
+ * return < 0 -> error
+ */
+static int read_register(struct snd_sb *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	unsigned char dsp_cmd[2];
+
+	dsp_cmd[0] = 0x0f;	/* CSP read register */
+	dsp_cmd[1] = reg;	/* CSP Register */
+	command_seq(chip, dsp_cmd, 2);
+	return snd_sbdsp_get_byte(chip);	/* Read DSP value */
+}
+
+/*
+ * set CSP mode register
+ */
+static int set_mode_register(struct snd_sb *chip, unsigned char mode)
+{
+	unsigned char dsp_cmd[2];
+
+	dsp_cmd[0] = 0x04;	/* CSP set mode register */
+	dsp_cmd[1] = mode;	/* mode */
+	return command_seq(chip, dsp_cmd, 2);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Detect CSP
+ * return 0 if CSP exists.
+ */
+static int csp_detect(struct snd_sb *chip, int *version)
+{
+	unsigned char csp_test1, csp_test2;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+
+	set_codec_parameter(chip, 0x00, 0x00);
+	set_mode_register(chip, 0xfc);		/* 0xfc = ?? */
+
+	csp_test1 = read_register(chip, 0x83);
+	set_register(chip, 0x83, ~csp_test1);
+	csp_test2 = read_register(chip, 0x83);
+	if (csp_test2 != (csp_test1 ^ 0xff))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	set_register(chip, 0x83, csp_test1);
+	csp_test2 = read_register(chip, 0x83);
+	if (csp_test2 != csp_test1)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	set_mode_register(chip, 0x00);		/* 0x00 = ? */
+
+	*version = get_version(chip);
+	snd_sbdsp_reset(chip);	/* reset DSP after getversion! */
+	if (*version >= 0x10 && *version <= 0x1f)
+		return 0;		/* valid version id */
+
+	return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+/*
+ * get CSP version number
+ */
+static int get_version(struct snd_sb *chip)
+{
+	unsigned char dsp_cmd[2];
+
+	dsp_cmd[0] = 0x08;	/* SB_DSP_!something! */
+	dsp_cmd[1] = 0x03;	/* get chip version id? */
+	command_seq(chip, dsp_cmd, 2);
+
+	return (snd_sbdsp_get_byte(chip));
+}
+
+/*
+ * check if the CSP version is valid
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_check_version(struct snd_sb_csp * p)
+{
+	if (p->version < 0x10 || p->version > 0x1f) {
+		dev_dbg(p->chip->card->dev,
+			"%s: Invalid CSP version: 0x%x\n",
+			__func__, p->version);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * download microcode to CSP (microcode should have one "main" block).
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_load(struct snd_sb_csp * p, const unsigned char *buf, int size, int load_flags)
+{
+	int status, i;
+	int err;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&p->chip->reg_lock);
+	snd_sbdsp_command(p->chip, 0x01);	/* CSP download command */
+	if (snd_sbdsp_get_byte(p->chip)) {
+		dev_dbg(p->chip->card->dev, "%s: Download command failed\n", __func__);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	/* Send CSP low byte (size - 1) */
+	snd_sbdsp_command(p->chip, (unsigned char)(size - 1));
+	/* Send high byte */
+	snd_sbdsp_command(p->chip, (unsigned char)((size - 1) >> 8));
+	/* send microcode sequence */
+	/* load from kernel space */
+	while (size--) {
+		if (!snd_sbdsp_command(p->chip, *buf++))
+			return -EIO;
+	}
+	if (snd_sbdsp_get_byte(p->chip))
+		return -EIO;
+
+	if (load_flags & SNDRV_SB_CSP_LOAD_INITBLOCK) {
+		i = 0;
+		/* some codecs (FastSpeech) take some time to initialize */
+		while (1) {
+			snd_sbdsp_command(p->chip, 0x03);
+			status = snd_sbdsp_get_byte(p->chip);
+			if (status == 0x55 || ++i >= 10)
+				break;
+			udelay (10);
+		}
+		if (status != 0x55) {
+			dev_dbg(p->chip->card->dev,
+				"%s: Microcode initialization failed\n",
+				__func__);
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Read mixer register SB_DSP4_DMASETUP after loading 'main' code.
+		 * Start CSP chip if no 16bit DMA channel is set - some kind
+		 * of autorun or perhaps a bugfix?
+		 */
+		scoped_guard(spinlock, &p->chip->mixer_lock) {
+			status = snd_sbmixer_read(p->chip, SB_DSP4_DMASETUP);
+		}
+		if (!(status & (SB_DMASETUP_DMA7 | SB_DMASETUP_DMA6 | SB_DMASETUP_DMA5))) {
+			err = (set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0xaa, 0x00) ||
+			       set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0xff, 0x00));
+			snd_sbdsp_reset(p->chip);		/* really! */
+			if (err)
+				return -EIO;
+			set_mode_register(p->chip, 0xc0);	/* c0 = STOP */
+			set_mode_register(p->chip, 0x70);	/* 70 = RUN */
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+ 
+static int snd_sb_csp_load_user(struct snd_sb_csp * p, const unsigned char __user *buf, int size, int load_flags)
+{
+	int err;
+	unsigned char *kbuf;
+
+	kbuf = memdup_user(buf, size);
+	if (IS_ERR(kbuf))
+		return PTR_ERR(kbuf);
+
+	err = snd_sb_csp_load(p, kbuf, size, load_flags);
+
+	kfree(kbuf);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb_csp_firmware_load(struct snd_sb_csp *p, int index, int flags)
+{
+	static const char *const names[] = {
+		"sb16/mulaw_main.csp",
+		"sb16/alaw_main.csp",
+		"sb16/ima_adpcm_init.csp",
+		"sb16/ima_adpcm_playback.csp",
+		"sb16/ima_adpcm_capture.csp",
+	};
+	const struct firmware *program;
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(names) != CSP_PROGRAM_COUNT);
+	program = p->csp_programs[index];
+	if (!program) {
+		int err = request_firmware(&program, names[index],
+				       p->chip->card->dev);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		p->csp_programs[index] = program;
+	}
+	return snd_sb_csp_load(p, program->data, program->size, flags);
+}
+
+/*
+ * autoload hardware codec if necessary
+ * return 0 if CSP is loaded and ready to run (p->running != 0)
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_autoload(struct snd_sb_csp * p, snd_pcm_format_t pcm_sfmt, int play_rec_mode)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+
+	/* if CSP is running or manually loaded then exit */
+	if (p->running & (SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_RUNNING | SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_LOADED)) 
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	/* autoload microcode only if requested hardware codec is not already loaded */
+	if (((1U << (__force int)pcm_sfmt) & p->acc_format) && (play_rec_mode & p->mode)) {
+		p->running = SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_AUTO;
+	} else {
+		switch (pcm_sfmt) {
+		case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_MU_LAW:
+			err = snd_sb_csp_firmware_load(p, CSP_PROGRAM_MULAW, 0);
+			p->acc_format = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_MU_LAW;
+			p->mode = SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_READ | SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_WRITE;
+			break;
+		case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_A_LAW:
+			err = snd_sb_csp_firmware_load(p, CSP_PROGRAM_ALAW, 0);
+			p->acc_format = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_A_LAW;
+			p->mode = SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_READ | SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_WRITE;
+			break;
+		case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_IMA_ADPCM:
+			err = snd_sb_csp_firmware_load(p, CSP_PROGRAM_ADPCM_INIT,
+						       SNDRV_SB_CSP_LOAD_INITBLOCK);
+			if (err)
+				break;
+			if (play_rec_mode == SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_WRITE) {
+				err = snd_sb_csp_firmware_load
+					(p, CSP_PROGRAM_ADPCM_PLAYBACK, 0);
+				p->mode = SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_WRITE;
+			} else {
+				err = snd_sb_csp_firmware_load
+					(p, CSP_PROGRAM_ADPCM_CAPTURE, 0);
+				p->mode = SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_READ;
+			}
+			p->acc_format = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IMA_ADPCM;
+			break;				  
+		default:
+			/* Decouple CSP from IRQ and DMAREQ lines */
+			if (p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_AUTO) {
+				guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&p->chip->reg_lock);
+				set_mode_register(p->chip, 0xfc);
+				set_mode_register(p->chip, 0x00);
+				p->running = 0;			/* clear autoloaded flag */
+			}
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		if (err) {
+			p->acc_format = 0;
+			p->acc_channels = p->acc_width = p->acc_rates = 0;
+
+			p->running = 0;				/* clear autoloaded flag */
+			p->mode = 0;
+			return (err);
+		} else {
+			p->running = SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_AUTO;	/* set autoloaded flag */
+			p->acc_width = SNDRV_SB_CSP_SAMPLE_16BIT;	/* only 16 bit data */
+			p->acc_channels = SNDRV_SB_CSP_MONO | SNDRV_SB_CSP_STEREO;
+			p->acc_rates = SNDRV_SB_CSP_RATE_ALL;	/* HW codecs accept all rates */
+		}   
+
+	}
+	return (p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_AUTO) ? 0 : -ENXIO;
+}
+
+/*
+ * start CSP
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_start(struct snd_sb_csp * p, int sample_width, int channels)
+{
+	struct device *dev = p->chip->card->dev;
+	unsigned char s_type;	/* sample type */
+	unsigned char mixL, mixR;
+	int result = -EIO;
+
+	if (!(p->running & (SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_LOADED | SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_AUTO))) {
+		dev_dbg(dev, "%s: Microcode not loaded\n", __func__);
+		return -ENXIO;
+	}
+	if (p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_RUNNING) {
+		dev_dbg(dev, "%s: CSP already running\n", __func__);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	if (!(sample_width & p->acc_width)) {
+		dev_dbg(dev, "%s: Unsupported PCM sample width\n", __func__);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (!(channels & p->acc_channels)) {
+		dev_dbg(dev, "%s: Invalid number of channels\n", __func__);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	/* Mute PCM volume */
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &p->chip->mixer_lock) {
+		mixL = snd_sbmixer_read(p->chip, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV);
+		mixR = snd_sbmixer_read(p->chip, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 1);
+		snd_sbmixer_write(p->chip, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV, mixL & 0x7);
+		snd_sbmixer_write(p->chip, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 1, mixR & 0x7);
+	}
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock, &p->chip->reg_lock) {
+		set_mode_register(p->chip, 0xc0);	/* c0 = STOP */
+		set_mode_register(p->chip, 0x70);	/* 70 = RUN */
+
+		s_type = 0x00;
+		if (channels == SNDRV_SB_CSP_MONO)
+			s_type = 0x11;	/* 000n 000n    (n = 1 if mono) */
+		if (sample_width == SNDRV_SB_CSP_SAMPLE_8BIT)
+			s_type |= 0x22;	/* 00dX 00dX    (d = 1 if 8 bit samples) */
+
+		if (set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0x81, s_type)) {
+			dev_dbg(dev, "%s: Set sample type command failed\n", __func__);
+			break;
+		}
+		if (set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0x80, 0x00)) {
+			dev_dbg(dev, "%s: Codec start command failed\n", __func__);
+			break;
+		}
+		p->run_width = sample_width;
+		p->run_channels = channels;
+
+		p->running |= SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_RUNNING;
+
+		if (p->mode & SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_QSOUND) {
+			set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0xe0, 0x01);
+			/* enable QSound decoder */
+			set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0x00, 0xff);
+			set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0x01, 0xff);
+			p->running |= SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_QSOUND;
+			/* set QSound startup value */
+			snd_sb_csp_qsound_transfer(p);
+		}
+		result = 0;
+	}
+
+	/* restore PCM volume */
+	if (result < 0) {
+		guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&p->chip->mixer_lock);
+		snd_sbmixer_write(p->chip, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV, mixL);
+		snd_sbmixer_write(p->chip, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 1, mixR);
+	}
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * stop CSP
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_stop(struct snd_sb_csp * p)
+{
+	int result;
+	unsigned char mixL, mixR;
+
+	if (!(p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_RUNNING))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Mute PCM volume */
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &p->chip->mixer_lock) {
+		mixL = snd_sbmixer_read(p->chip, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV);
+		mixR = snd_sbmixer_read(p->chip, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 1);
+		snd_sbmixer_write(p->chip, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV, mixL & 0x7);
+		snd_sbmixer_write(p->chip, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 1, mixR & 0x7);
+	}
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock, &p->chip->reg_lock) {
+		if (p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_QSOUND) {
+			set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0xe0, 0x01);
+			/* disable QSound decoder */
+			set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0x00, 0x00);
+			set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0x01, 0x00);
+
+			p->running &= ~SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_QSOUND;
+		}
+		result = set_mode_register(p->chip, 0xc0);	/* c0 = STOP */
+	}
+
+	/* restore PCM volume */
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &p->chip->mixer_lock) {
+		snd_sbmixer_write(p->chip, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV, mixL);
+		snd_sbmixer_write(p->chip, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 1, mixR);
+	}
+
+	if (!(result))
+		p->running &= ~(SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_PAUSED | SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_RUNNING);
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * pause CSP codec and hold DMA transfer
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_pause(struct snd_sb_csp * p)
+{
+	int result;
+
+	if (!(p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_RUNNING))
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &p->chip->reg_lock) {
+		result = set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0x80, 0xff);
+	}
+	if (!(result))
+		p->running |= SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_PAUSED;
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * restart CSP codec and resume DMA transfer
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_restart(struct snd_sb_csp * p)
+{
+	int result;
+
+	if (!(p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_PAUSED))
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &p->chip->reg_lock) {
+		result = set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0x80, 0x00);
+	}
+	if (!(result))
+		p->running &= ~SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_PAUSED;
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------ */
+
+/*
+ * QSound mixer control for PCM
+ */
+
+#define snd_sb_qsound_switch_info	snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
+
+static int snd_sb_qsound_switch_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb_csp *p = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = p->q_enabled ? 1 : 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb_qsound_switch_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb_csp *p = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change;
+	unsigned char nval;
+	
+	nval = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 0x01;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&p->q_lock);
+	change = p->q_enabled != nval;
+	p->q_enabled = nval;
+	return change;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb_qsound_space_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = SNDRV_SB_CSP_QSOUND_MAX_RIGHT;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb_qsound_space_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb_csp *p = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&p->q_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = p->qpos_left;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = p->qpos_right;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb_qsound_space_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb_csp *p = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change;
+	unsigned char nval1, nval2;
+	
+	nval1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	if (nval1 > SNDRV_SB_CSP_QSOUND_MAX_RIGHT)
+		nval1 = SNDRV_SB_CSP_QSOUND_MAX_RIGHT;
+	nval2 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1];
+	if (nval2 > SNDRV_SB_CSP_QSOUND_MAX_RIGHT)
+		nval2 = SNDRV_SB_CSP_QSOUND_MAX_RIGHT;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&p->q_lock);
+	change = p->qpos_left != nval1 || p->qpos_right != nval2;
+	p->qpos_left = nval1;
+	p->qpos_right = nval2;
+	p->qpos_changed = change;
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_sb_qsound_switch = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "3D Control - Switch",
+	.info = snd_sb_qsound_switch_info,
+	.get = snd_sb_qsound_switch_get,
+	.put = snd_sb_qsound_switch_put
+};
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_sb_qsound_space = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "3D Control - Space",
+	.info = snd_sb_qsound_space_info,
+	.get = snd_sb_qsound_space_get,
+	.put = snd_sb_qsound_space_put
+};
+
+static int snd_sb_qsound_build(struct snd_sb_csp * p)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	int err;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!p))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	card = p->chip->card;
+	p->qpos_left = p->qpos_right = SNDRV_SB_CSP_QSOUND_MAX_RIGHT / 2;
+	p->qpos_changed = 0;
+
+	spin_lock_init(&p->q_lock);
+
+	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_sb_qsound_switch, p);
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto __error;
+	p->qsound_switch = kctl;
+	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&snd_sb_qsound_space, p);
+	err = snd_ctl_add(card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto __error;
+	p->qsound_space = kctl;
+
+	return 0;
+
+     __error:
+	snd_sb_qsound_destroy(p);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void snd_sb_qsound_destroy(struct snd_sb_csp * p)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!p))
+		return;
+
+	card = p->chip->card;	
+	
+	snd_ctl_remove(card, p->qsound_switch);
+	p->qsound_switch = NULL;
+	snd_ctl_remove(card, p->qsound_space);
+	p->qsound_space = NULL;
+
+	/* cancel pending transfer of QSound parameters */
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&p->q_lock);
+	p->qpos_changed = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Transfer qsound parameters to CSP,
+ * function should be called from interrupt routine
+ */
+static int snd_sb_csp_qsound_transfer(struct snd_sb_csp * p)
+{
+	int err = -ENXIO;
+
+	guard(spinlock)(&p->q_lock);
+	if (p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_QSOUND) {
+		set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0xe0, 0x01);
+		/* left channel */
+		set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0x00, p->qpos_left);
+		set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0x02, 0x00);
+		/* right channel */
+		set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0x00, p->qpos_right);
+		set_codec_parameter(p->chip, 0x03, 0x00);
+		err = 0;
+	}
+	p->qpos_changed = 0;
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* ------------------------------ */
+
+/*
+ * proc interface
+ */
+static int init_proc_entry(struct snd_sb_csp * p, int device)
+{
+	char name[16];
+
+	sprintf(name, "cspD%d", device);
+	snd_card_ro_proc_new(p->chip->card, name, p, info_read);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry, struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
+{
+	struct snd_sb_csp *p = entry->private_data;
+
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "Creative Signal Processor [v%d.%d]\n", (p->version >> 4), (p->version & 0x0f));
+	snd_iprintf(buffer, "State: %cx%c%c%c\n", ((p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_QSOUND) ? 'Q' : '-'),
+		    ((p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_PAUSED) ? 'P' : '-'),
+		    ((p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_RUNNING) ? 'R' : '-'),
+		    ((p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_LOADED) ? 'L' : '-'));
+	if (p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_LOADED) {
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Codec: %s [func #%d]\n", p->codec_name, p->func_nr);
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Sample rates: ");
+		if (p->acc_rates == SNDRV_SB_CSP_RATE_ALL) {
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "All\n");
+		} else {
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "%s%s%s%s\n",
+				    ((p->acc_rates & SNDRV_SB_CSP_RATE_8000) ? "8000Hz " : ""),
+				    ((p->acc_rates & SNDRV_SB_CSP_RATE_11025) ? "11025Hz " : ""),
+				    ((p->acc_rates & SNDRV_SB_CSP_RATE_22050) ? "22050Hz " : ""),
+				    ((p->acc_rates & SNDRV_SB_CSP_RATE_44100) ? "44100Hz" : ""));
+		}
+		if (p->mode == SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_QSOUND) {
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "QSound decoder %s\n",
+				    str_enabled_disabled(p->q_enabled));
+		} else {
+			snd_iprintf(buffer, "PCM format ID: 0x%x (%s/%s) [%s/%s] [%s/%s]\n",
+				    p->acc_format,
+				    ((p->acc_width & SNDRV_SB_CSP_SAMPLE_16BIT) ? "16bit" : "-"),
+				    ((p->acc_width & SNDRV_SB_CSP_SAMPLE_8BIT) ? "8bit" : "-"),
+				    ((p->acc_channels & SNDRV_SB_CSP_MONO) ? "mono" : "-"),
+				    ((p->acc_channels & SNDRV_SB_CSP_STEREO) ? "stereo" : "-"),
+				    ((p->mode & SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_WRITE) ? "playback" : "-"),
+				    ((p->mode & SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_READ) ? "capture" : "-"));
+		}
+	}
+	if (p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_AUTO) {
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Autoloaded Mu-Law, A-Law or Ima-ADPCM hardware codec\n");
+	}
+	if (p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_RUNNING) {
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Processing %dbit %s PCM samples\n",
+			    ((p->run_width & SNDRV_SB_CSP_SAMPLE_16BIT) ? 16 : 8),
+			    ((p->run_channels & SNDRV_SB_CSP_MONO) ? "mono" : "stereo"));
+	}
+	if (p->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_QSOUND) {
+		snd_iprintf(buffer, "Qsound position: left = 0x%x, right = 0x%x\n",
+			    p->qpos_left, p->qpos_right);
+	}
+}
+
+/* */
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sb_csp_new);
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb16_main.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb16_main.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4d64db4f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb16_main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,851 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Routines for control of 16-bit SoundBlaster cards and clones
+ *  Note: This is very ugly hardware which uses one 8-bit DMA channel and
+ *        second 16-bit DMA channel. Unfortunately 8-bit DMA channel can't
+ *        transfer 16-bit samples and 16-bit DMA channels can't transfer
+ *        8-bit samples. This make full duplex more complicated than
+ *        can be... People, don't buy these soundcards for full 16-bit
+ *        duplex!!!
+ *  Note: 16-bit wide is assigned to first direction which made request.
+ *        With full duplex - playback is preferred with abstract layer.
+ *
+ *  Note: Some chip revisions have hardware bug. Changing capture
+ *        channel from full-duplex 8bit DMA to 16bit DMA will block
+ *        16bit DMA transfers from DSP chip (capture) until 8bit transfer
+ *        to DSP chip (playback) starts. This bug can be avoided with
+ *        "16bit DMA Allocation" setting set to Playback or Capture.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/sb.h>
+#include <sound/sb16_csp.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#include <sound/info.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Routines for control of 16-bit SoundBlaster cards and clones");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+#define runtime_format_bits(runtime) \
+	((unsigned int)pcm_format_to_bits((runtime)->format))
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_SB16_CSP
+static void snd_sb16_csp_playback_prepare(struct snd_sb *chip, struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	if (chip->hardware == SB_HW_16CSP) {
+		struct snd_sb_csp *csp = chip->csp;
+
+		if (csp->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_LOADED) {
+			/* manually loaded codec */
+			if ((csp->mode & SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_WRITE) &&
+			    (runtime_format_bits(runtime) == csp->acc_format)) {
+				/* Supported runtime PCM format for playback */
+				if (csp->ops.csp_use(csp) == 0) {
+					/* If CSP was successfully acquired */
+					goto __start_CSP;
+				}
+			} else if ((csp->mode & SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_QSOUND) && (csp->q_enabled)) {
+				/* QSound decoder is loaded and enabled */
+				if (runtime_format_bits(runtime) & (SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 |
+							      SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE)) {
+					/* Only for simple PCM formats */
+					if (csp->ops.csp_use(csp) == 0) {
+						/* If CSP was successfully acquired */
+						goto __start_CSP;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		} else if (csp->ops.csp_use(csp) == 0) {
+			/* Acquire CSP and try to autoload hardware codec */
+			if (csp->ops.csp_autoload(csp, runtime->format, SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_WRITE)) {
+				/* Unsupported format, release CSP */
+				csp->ops.csp_unuse(csp);
+			} else {
+		      __start_CSP:
+				/* Try to start CSP */
+				if (csp->ops.csp_start(csp, (chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16) ?
+						       SNDRV_SB_CSP_SAMPLE_16BIT : SNDRV_SB_CSP_SAMPLE_8BIT,
+						       (runtime->channels > 1) ?
+						       SNDRV_SB_CSP_STEREO : SNDRV_SB_CSP_MONO)) {
+					/* Failed, release CSP */
+					csp->ops.csp_unuse(csp);
+				} else {
+					/* Success, CSP acquired and running */
+					chip->open = SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_WRITE;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_sb16_csp_capture_prepare(struct snd_sb *chip, struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	if (chip->hardware == SB_HW_16CSP) {
+		struct snd_sb_csp *csp = chip->csp;
+
+		if (csp->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_LOADED) {
+			/* manually loaded codec */
+			if ((csp->mode & SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_READ) &&
+			    (runtime_format_bits(runtime) == csp->acc_format)) {
+				/* Supported runtime PCM format for capture */
+				if (csp->ops.csp_use(csp) == 0) {
+					/* If CSP was successfully acquired */
+					goto __start_CSP;
+				}
+			}
+		} else if (csp->ops.csp_use(csp) == 0) {
+			/* Acquire CSP and try to autoload hardware codec */
+			if (csp->ops.csp_autoload(csp, runtime->format, SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_READ)) {
+				/* Unsupported format, release CSP */
+				csp->ops.csp_unuse(csp);
+			} else {
+		      __start_CSP:
+				/* Try to start CSP */
+				if (csp->ops.csp_start(csp, (chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16) ?
+						       SNDRV_SB_CSP_SAMPLE_16BIT : SNDRV_SB_CSP_SAMPLE_8BIT,
+						       (runtime->channels > 1) ?
+						       SNDRV_SB_CSP_STEREO : SNDRV_SB_CSP_MONO)) {
+					/* Failed, release CSP */
+					csp->ops.csp_unuse(csp);
+				} else {
+					/* Success, CSP acquired and running */
+					chip->open = SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_READ;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_sb16_csp_update(struct snd_sb *chip)
+{
+	if (chip->hardware == SB_HW_16CSP) {
+		struct snd_sb_csp *csp = chip->csp;
+
+		if (csp->qpos_changed) {
+			guard(spinlock)(&chip->reg_lock);
+			csp->ops.csp_qsound_transfer (csp);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_sb16_csp_playback_open(struct snd_sb *chip, struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	/* CSP decoders (QSound excluded) support only 16bit transfers */
+	if (chip->hardware == SB_HW_16CSP) {
+		struct snd_sb_csp *csp = chip->csp;
+
+		if (csp->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_LOADED) {
+			/* manually loaded codec */
+			if (csp->mode & SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_WRITE) {
+				runtime->hw.formats |= csp->acc_format;
+			}
+		} else {
+			/* autoloaded codecs */
+			runtime->hw.formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_MU_LAW | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_A_LAW |
+					       SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IMA_ADPCM;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_sb16_csp_playback_close(struct snd_sb *chip)
+{
+	if ((chip->hardware == SB_HW_16CSP) && (chip->open == SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_WRITE)) {
+		struct snd_sb_csp *csp = chip->csp;
+
+		if (csp->ops.csp_stop(csp) == 0) {
+			csp->ops.csp_unuse(csp);
+			chip->open = 0;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_sb16_csp_capture_open(struct snd_sb *chip, struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	/* CSP coders support only 16bit transfers */
+	if (chip->hardware == SB_HW_16CSP) {
+		struct snd_sb_csp *csp = chip->csp;
+
+		if (csp->running & SNDRV_SB_CSP_ST_LOADED) {
+			/* manually loaded codec */
+			if (csp->mode & SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_READ) {
+				runtime->hw.formats |= csp->acc_format;
+			}
+		} else {
+			/* autoloaded codecs */
+			runtime->hw.formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_MU_LAW | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_A_LAW |
+					       SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IMA_ADPCM;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_sb16_csp_capture_close(struct snd_sb *chip)
+{
+	if ((chip->hardware == SB_HW_16CSP) && (chip->open == SNDRV_SB_CSP_MODE_DSP_READ)) {
+		struct snd_sb_csp *csp = chip->csp;
+
+		if (csp->ops.csp_stop(csp) == 0) {
+			csp->ops.csp_unuse(csp);
+			chip->open = 0;
+		}
+	}
+}
+#else
+#define snd_sb16_csp_playback_prepare(chip, runtime)	/*nop*/
+#define snd_sb16_csp_capture_prepare(chip, runtime)	/*nop*/
+#define snd_sb16_csp_update(chip)			/*nop*/
+#define snd_sb16_csp_playback_open(chip, runtime)	/*nop*/
+#define snd_sb16_csp_playback_close(chip)		/*nop*/
+#define snd_sb16_csp_capture_open(chip, runtime)	/*nop*/
+#define snd_sb16_csp_capture_close(chip)      	 	/*nop*/
+#endif
+
+
+static void snd_sb16_setup_rate(struct snd_sb *chip,
+				unsigned short rate,
+				int channel)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	if (chip->mode & (channel == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK ? SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16 : SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16))
+		snd_sb_ack_16bit(chip);
+	else
+		snd_sb_ack_8bit(chip);
+	if (!(chip->mode & SB_RATE_LOCK)) {
+		chip->locked_rate = rate;
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_SAMPLE_RATE_IN);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, rate >> 8);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, rate & 0xff);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_SAMPLE_RATE_OUT);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, rate >> 8);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, rate & 0xff);
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned char format;
+	unsigned int size, count, dma;
+
+	snd_sb16_csp_playback_prepare(chip, runtime);
+	if (snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) > 0) {
+		format = runtime->channels > 1 ? SB_DSP4_MODE_UNS_STEREO : SB_DSP4_MODE_UNS_MONO;
+	} else {
+		format = runtime->channels > 1 ? SB_DSP4_MODE_SIGN_STEREO : SB_DSP4_MODE_SIGN_MONO;
+	}
+
+	snd_sb16_setup_rate(chip, runtime->rate, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK);
+	size = chip->p_dma_size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	dma = (chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_8) ? chip->dma8 : chip->dma16;
+	snd_dma_program(dma, runtime->dma_addr, size, DMA_MODE_WRITE | DMA_AUTOINIT);
+
+	count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16) {
+		count >>= 1;
+		count--;
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP4_OUT16_AI);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, format);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count & 0xff);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count >> 8);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_DMA16_OFF);
+	} else {
+		count--;
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP4_OUT8_AI);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, format);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count & 0xff);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count >> 8);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_DMA8_OFF);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_playback_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				     int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	guard(spinlock)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
+		chip->mode |= SB_RATE_LOCK_PLAYBACK;
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16 ? SB_DSP_DMA16_ON : SB_DSP_DMA8_ON);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16 ? SB_DSP_DMA16_OFF : SB_DSP_DMA8_OFF);
+		/* next two lines are needed for some types of DSP4 (SB AWE 32 - 4.13) */
+		if (chip->mode & SB_RATE_LOCK_CAPTURE)
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16 ? SB_DSP_DMA16_ON : SB_DSP_DMA8_ON);
+		chip->mode &= ~SB_RATE_LOCK_PLAYBACK;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned char format;
+	unsigned int size, count, dma;
+
+	snd_sb16_csp_capture_prepare(chip, runtime);
+	if (snd_pcm_format_unsigned(runtime->format) > 0) {
+		format = runtime->channels > 1 ? SB_DSP4_MODE_UNS_STEREO : SB_DSP4_MODE_UNS_MONO;
+	} else {
+		format = runtime->channels > 1 ? SB_DSP4_MODE_SIGN_STEREO : SB_DSP4_MODE_SIGN_MONO;
+	}
+	snd_sb16_setup_rate(chip, runtime->rate, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE);
+	size = chip->c_dma_size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	dma = (chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_8) ? chip->dma8 : chip->dma16;
+	snd_dma_program(dma, runtime->dma_addr, size, DMA_MODE_READ | DMA_AUTOINIT);
+
+	count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16) {
+		count >>= 1;
+		count--;
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP4_IN16_AI);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, format);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count & 0xff);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count >> 8);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_DMA16_OFF);
+	} else {
+		count--;
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP4_IN8_AI);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, format);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count & 0xff);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count >> 8);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_DMA8_OFF);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_capture_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				    int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	guard(spinlock)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
+		chip->mode |= SB_RATE_LOCK_CAPTURE;
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16 ? SB_DSP_DMA16_ON : SB_DSP_DMA8_ON);
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16 ? SB_DSP_DMA16_OFF : SB_DSP_DMA8_OFF);
+		/* next two lines are needed for some types of DSP4 (SB AWE 32 - 4.13) */
+		if (chip->mode & SB_RATE_LOCK_PLAYBACK)
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16 ? SB_DSP_DMA16_ON : SB_DSP_DMA8_ON);
+		chip->mode &= ~SB_RATE_LOCK_CAPTURE;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+irqreturn_t snd_sb16dsp_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = dev_id;
+	unsigned char status;
+	int ok;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock, &chip->mixer_lock) {
+		status = snd_sbmixer_read(chip, SB_DSP4_IRQSTATUS);
+	}
+	if ((status & SB_IRQTYPE_MPUIN) && chip->rmidi_callback)
+		chip->rmidi_callback(irq, chip->rmidi->private_data);
+	if (status & SB_IRQTYPE_8BIT) {
+		ok = 0;
+		if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_8) {
+			snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->playback_substream);
+			snd_sb16_csp_update(chip);
+			ok++;
+		}
+		if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_8) {
+			snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->capture_substream);
+			ok++;
+		}
+		scoped_guard(spinlock, &chip->reg_lock) {
+			if (!ok)
+				snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_DMA8_OFF);
+			snd_sb_ack_8bit(chip);
+		}
+	}
+	if (status & SB_IRQTYPE_16BIT) {
+		ok = 0;
+		if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16) {
+			snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->playback_substream);
+			snd_sb16_csp_update(chip);
+			ok++;
+		}
+		if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16) {
+			snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->capture_substream);
+			ok++;
+		}
+		scoped_guard(spinlock, &chip->reg_lock) {
+			if (!ok)
+				snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_DMA16_OFF);
+			snd_sb_ack_16bit(chip);
+		}
+	}
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+/*
+
+ */
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_sb16_playback_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	unsigned int dma;
+	size_t ptr;
+
+	dma = (chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_8) ? chip->dma8 : chip->dma16;
+	ptr = snd_dma_pointer(dma, chip->p_dma_size);
+	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, ptr);
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_sb16_capture_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	unsigned int dma;
+	size_t ptr;
+
+	dma = (chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_8) ? chip->dma8 : chip->dma16;
+	ptr = snd_dma_pointer(dma, chip->c_dma_size);
+	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, ptr);
+}
+
+/*
+
+ */
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_sb16_playback =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
+	.formats =		0,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_44100,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		44100,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_sb16_capture =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
+	.formats =		0,
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_44100,
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		44100,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+/*
+ *  open/close
+ */
+
+static int snd_sb16_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->open_lock);
+	if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK)
+		return -EAGAIN;
+	runtime->hw = snd_sb16_playback;
+
+	/* skip if 16 bit DMA was reserved for capture */
+	if (chip->force_mode16 & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16)
+		goto __skip_16bit;
+
+	if (chip->dma16 >= 0 && !(chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16)) {
+		chip->mode |= SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16;
+		runtime->hw.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE;
+		/* Vibra16X hack */
+		if (chip->dma16 <= 3) {
+			runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max =
+			runtime->hw.period_bytes_max = 64 * 1024;
+		} else {
+			snd_sb16_csp_playback_open(chip, runtime);
+		}
+		goto __open_ok;
+	}
+
+      __skip_16bit:
+	if (chip->dma8 >= 0 && !(chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_8)) {
+		chip->mode |= SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_8;
+		/* DSP v 4.xx can transfer 16bit data through 8bit DMA channel, SBHWPG 2-7 */
+		if (chip->dma16 < 0) {
+			runtime->hw.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE;
+			chip->mode |= SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16;
+		} else {
+			runtime->hw.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8;
+		}
+		runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max =
+		runtime->hw.period_bytes_max = 64 * 1024;
+		goto __open_ok;
+	}
+	return -EAGAIN;
+
+      __open_ok:
+	if (chip->hardware == SB_HW_ALS100)
+		runtime->hw.rate_max = 48000;
+	if (chip->hardware == SB_HW_CS5530) {
+		runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max = 32 * 1024;
+		runtime->hw.periods_min = 2;
+		runtime->hw.rate_min = 44100;
+	}
+	if (chip->mode & SB_RATE_LOCK)
+		runtime->hw.rate_min = runtime->hw.rate_max = chip->locked_rate;
+	chip->playback_substream = substream;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	snd_sb16_csp_playback_close(chip);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->open_lock);
+	chip->playback_substream = NULL;
+	chip->mode &= ~SB_MODE_PLAYBACK;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->open_lock);
+	if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE)
+		return -EAGAIN;
+	runtime->hw = snd_sb16_capture;
+
+	/* skip if 16 bit DMA was reserved for playback */
+	if (chip->force_mode16 & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16)
+		goto __skip_16bit;
+
+	if (chip->dma16 >= 0 && !(chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16)) {
+		chip->mode |= SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16;
+		runtime->hw.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE;
+		/* Vibra16X hack */
+		if (chip->dma16 <= 3) {
+			runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max =
+			runtime->hw.period_bytes_max = 64 * 1024;
+		} else {
+			snd_sb16_csp_capture_open(chip, runtime);
+		}
+		goto __open_ok;
+	}
+
+      __skip_16bit:
+	if (chip->dma8 >= 0 && !(chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_8)) {
+		chip->mode |= SB_MODE_CAPTURE_8;
+		/* DSP v 4.xx can transfer 16bit data through 8bit DMA channel, SBHWPG 2-7 */
+		if (chip->dma16 < 0) {
+			runtime->hw.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U16_LE;
+			chip->mode |= SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16;
+		} else {
+			runtime->hw.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S8;
+		}
+		runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max =
+		runtime->hw.period_bytes_max = 64 * 1024;
+		goto __open_ok;
+	}
+	return -EAGAIN;
+
+      __open_ok:
+	if (chip->hardware == SB_HW_ALS100)
+		runtime->hw.rate_max = 48000;
+	if (chip->hardware == SB_HW_CS5530) {
+		runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max = 32 * 1024;
+		runtime->hw.periods_min = 2;
+		runtime->hw.rate_min = 44100;
+	}
+	if (chip->mode & SB_RATE_LOCK)
+		runtime->hw.rate_min = runtime->hw.rate_max = chip->locked_rate;
+	chip->capture_substream = substream;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_capture_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	snd_sb16_csp_capture_close(chip);
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->open_lock);
+	chip->capture_substream = NULL;
+	chip->mode &= ~SB_MODE_CAPTURE;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  DMA control interface
+ */
+
+static int snd_sb16_set_dma_mode(struct snd_sb *chip, int what)
+{
+	if (chip->dma8 < 0 || chip->dma16 < 0) {
+		if (snd_BUG_ON(what))
+			return -EINVAL;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (what == 0) {
+		chip->force_mode16 = 0;
+	} else if (what == 1) {
+		chip->force_mode16 = SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16;
+	} else if (what == 2) {
+		chip->force_mode16 = SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16;
+	} else {
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_get_dma_mode(struct snd_sb *chip)
+{
+	if (chip->dma8 < 0 || chip->dma16 < 0)
+		return 0;
+	switch (chip->force_mode16) {
+	case SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16:
+		return 1;
+	case SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16:
+		return 2;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_dma_control_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[3] = {
+		"Auto", "Playback", "Capture"
+	};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 3, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_dma_control_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = snd_sb16_get_dma_mode(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16_dma_control_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char nval, oval;
+	int change;
+	
+	if (chip->mode & (SB_MODE_PLAYBACK | SB_MODE_CAPTURE))
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	nval = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0];
+	if (nval > 2)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		oval = snd_sb16_get_dma_mode(chip);
+		change = nval != oval;
+		snd_sb16_set_dma_mode(chip, nval);
+	}
+	if (change) {
+		snd_dma_disable(chip->dma8);
+		snd_dma_disable(chip->dma16);
+	}
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_sb16_dma_control = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_CARD,
+	.name = "16-bit DMA Allocation",
+	.info = snd_sb16_dma_control_info,
+	.get = snd_sb16_dma_control_get,
+	.put = snd_sb16_dma_control_put
+};
+
+/*
+ *  Initialization part
+ */
+ 
+int snd_sb16dsp_configure(struct snd_sb * chip)
+{
+	unsigned char irqreg = 0, dmareg = 0, mpureg;
+	unsigned char realirq, realdma, realmpureg;
+	/* note: mpu register should be present only on SB16 Vibra soundcards */
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->mixer_lock) {
+		mpureg = snd_sbmixer_read(chip, SB_DSP4_MPUSETUP) & ~0x06;
+	}
+	switch (chip->irq) {
+	case 2:
+	case 9:
+		irqreg |= SB_IRQSETUP_IRQ9;
+		break;
+	case 5:
+		irqreg |= SB_IRQSETUP_IRQ5;
+		break;
+	case 7:
+		irqreg |= SB_IRQSETUP_IRQ7;
+		break;
+	case 10:
+		irqreg |= SB_IRQSETUP_IRQ10;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (chip->dma8 >= 0) {
+		switch (chip->dma8) {
+		case 0:
+			dmareg |= SB_DMASETUP_DMA0;
+			break;
+		case 1:
+			dmareg |= SB_DMASETUP_DMA1;
+			break;
+		case 3:
+			dmareg |= SB_DMASETUP_DMA3;
+			break;
+		default:
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+	if (chip->dma16 >= 0 && chip->dma16 != chip->dma8) {
+		switch (chip->dma16) {
+		case 5:
+			dmareg |= SB_DMASETUP_DMA5;
+			break;
+		case 6:
+			dmareg |= SB_DMASETUP_DMA6;
+			break;
+		case 7:
+			dmareg |= SB_DMASETUP_DMA7;
+			break;
+		default:
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+	switch (chip->mpu_port) {
+	case 0x300:
+		mpureg |= 0x04;
+		break;
+	case 0x330:
+		mpureg |= 0x00;
+		break;
+	default:
+		mpureg |= 0x02;	/* disable MPU */
+	}
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->mixer_lock) {
+		snd_sbmixer_write(chip, SB_DSP4_IRQSETUP, irqreg);
+		realirq = snd_sbmixer_read(chip, SB_DSP4_IRQSETUP);
+
+		snd_sbmixer_write(chip, SB_DSP4_DMASETUP, dmareg);
+		realdma = snd_sbmixer_read(chip, SB_DSP4_DMASETUP);
+
+		snd_sbmixer_write(chip, SB_DSP4_MPUSETUP, mpureg);
+		realmpureg = snd_sbmixer_read(chip, SB_DSP4_MPUSETUP);
+	}
+	if ((~realirq) & irqreg || (~realdma) & dmareg) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+			"SB16 [0x%lx]: unable to set DMA & IRQ (PnP device?)\n",
+			chip->port);
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+			"SB16 [0x%lx]: wanted: irqreg=0x%x, dmareg=0x%x, mpureg = 0x%x\n",
+			chip->port, realirq, realdma, realmpureg);
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+			"SB16 [0x%lx]:    got: irqreg=0x%x, dmareg=0x%x, mpureg = 0x%x\n",
+			chip->port, irqreg, dmareg, mpureg);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_sb16_playback_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_sb16_playback_open,
+	.close =	snd_sb16_playback_close,
+	.prepare =	snd_sb16_playback_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_sb16_playback_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_sb16_playback_pointer,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_sb16_capture_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_sb16_capture_open,
+	.close =	snd_sb16_capture_close,
+	.prepare =	snd_sb16_capture_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_sb16_capture_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_sb16_capture_pointer,
+};
+
+int snd_sb16dsp_pcm(struct snd_sb *chip, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, "SB16 DSP", device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	sprintf(pcm->name, "DSP v%i.%i", chip->version >> 8, chip->version & 0xff);
+	pcm->info_flags = SNDRV_PCM_INFO_JOINT_DUPLEX;
+	pcm->private_data = chip;
+	chip->pcm = pcm;
+
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_sb16_playback_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_sb16_capture_ops);
+
+	if (chip->dma16 >= 0 && chip->dma8 != chip->dma16)
+		snd_ctl_add(card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_sb16_dma_control, chip));
+	else
+		pcm->info_flags = SNDRV_PCM_INFO_HALF_DUPLEX;
+
+	snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
+				       card->dev, 64*1024, 128*1024);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+const struct snd_pcm_ops *snd_sb16dsp_get_pcm_ops(int direction)
+{
+	return direction == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK ?
+		&snd_sb16_playback_ops : &snd_sb16_capture_ops;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sb16dsp_pcm);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sb16dsp_get_pcm_ops);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sb16dsp_configure);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sb16dsp_interrupt);
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb8.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb8.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6d5131265
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb8.c
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Driver for SoundBlaster 1.0/2.0/Pro soundcards and compatible
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/sb.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Sound Blaster 1.0/2.0/Pro");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;	/* Enable this card */
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x220,0x240,0x260 */
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5,7,9,10 */
+static int dma8[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 1,3 */
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for Sound Blaster soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for Sound Blaster soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable Sound Blaster soundcard.");
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for SB8 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for SB8 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma8, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma8, "8-bit DMA # for SB8 driver.");
+
+struct snd_sb8 {
+	struct resource *fm_res;	/* used to block FM i/o region for legacy cards */
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+};
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_sb8_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = dev_id;
+
+	if (chip->open & SB_OPEN_PCM) {
+		return snd_sb8dsp_interrupt(chip);
+	} else {
+		return snd_sb8dsp_midi_interrupt(chip);
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_sb8_match(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	if (!enable[dev])
+		return 0;
+	if (irq[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "please specify irq\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (dma8[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "please specify dma8\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb8_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_sb8 *acard;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(pdev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct snd_sb8), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	acard = card->private_data;
+
+	/*
+	 * Block the 0x388 port to avoid PnP conflicts.
+	 * No need to check this value after request_region,
+	 * as we never do anything with it.
+	 */
+	acard->fm_res = devm_request_region(card->dev, 0x388, 4,
+					    "SoundBlaster FM");
+
+	if (port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		err = snd_sbdsp_create(card, port[dev], irq[dev],
+				       snd_sb8_interrupt, dma8[dev],
+				       -1, SB_HW_AUTO, &chip);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	} else {
+		/* auto-probe legacy ports */
+		static const unsigned long possible_ports[] = {
+			0x220, 0x240, 0x260,
+		};
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(possible_ports); i++) {
+			err = snd_sbdsp_create(card, possible_ports[i],
+					       irq[dev],
+					       snd_sb8_interrupt,
+					       dma8[dev],
+					       -1,
+					       SB_HW_AUTO,
+					       &chip);
+			if (err >= 0) {
+				port[dev] = possible_ports[i];
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(possible_ports))
+			return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	acard->chip = chip;
+			
+	if (chip->hardware >= SB_HW_16) {
+		if (chip->hardware == SB_HW_ALS100)
+			dev_warn(pdev, "ALS100 chip detected at 0x%lx, try snd-als100 module\n",
+				 port[dev]);
+		else
+			dev_warn(pdev, "SB 16 chip detected at 0x%lx, try snd-sb16 module\n",
+				 port[dev]);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_sb8dsp_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_sbmixer_new(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (chip->hardware == SB_HW_10 || chip->hardware == SB_HW_20) {
+		err = snd_opl3_create(card, chip->port + 8, 0,
+				      OPL3_HW_AUTO, 1, &opl3);
+		if (err < 0)
+			dev_warn(pdev, "sb8: no OPL device at 0x%lx\n", chip->port + 8);
+	} else {
+		err = snd_opl3_create(card, chip->port, chip->port + 2,
+				      OPL3_HW_AUTO, 1, &opl3);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			dev_warn(pdev, "sb8: no OPL device at 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
+				   chip->port, chip->port + 2);
+		}
+	}
+	if (err >= 0) {
+		err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_sb8dsp_midi(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	strscpy(card->driver, chip->hardware == SB_HW_PRO ? "SB Pro" : "SB8");
+	strscpy(card->shortname, chip->name);
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d",
+		chip->name,
+		chip->port,
+		irq[dev], dma8[dev]);
+
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_sb8_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+			   pm_message_t state)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct snd_sb8 *acard = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_sb *chip = acard->chip;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	snd_sbmixer_suspend(chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb8_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	struct snd_sb8 *acard = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_sb *chip = acard->chip;
+
+	snd_sbdsp_reset(chip);
+	snd_sbmixer_resume(chip);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+#define DEV_NAME "sb8"
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_sb8_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_sb8_match,
+	.probe		= snd_sb8_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_sb8_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_sb8_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME 
+	},
+};
+
+module_isa_driver(snd_sb8_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb8_main.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb8_main.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a4b572525
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb8_main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,580 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *                   Uros Bizjak <uros@kss-loka.si>
+ *
+ *  Routines for control of 8-bit SoundBlaster cards and clones
+ *  Please note: I don't have access to old SB8 soundcards.
+ *
+ * --
+ *
+ * Thu Apr 29 20:36:17 BST 1999 George David Morrison <gdm@gedamo.demon.co.uk>
+ *   DSP can't respond to commands whilst in "high speed" mode. Caused 
+ *   glitching during playback. Fixed.
+ *
+ * Wed Jul 12 22:02:55 CEST 2000 Uros Bizjak <uros@kss-loka.si>
+ *   Cleaned up and rewrote lowlevel routines.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/sb.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>, Uros Bizjak <uros@kss-loka.si>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Routines for control of 8-bit SoundBlaster cards and clones");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+#define SB8_CLOCK	1000000
+#define SB8_DEN(v)	((SB8_CLOCK + (v) / 2) / (v))
+#define SB8_RATE(v)	(SB8_CLOCK / SB8_DEN(v))
+
+static const struct snd_ratnum clock = {
+	.num = SB8_CLOCK,
+	.den_min = 1,
+	.den_max = 256,
+	.den_step = 1,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums hw_constraints_clock = {
+	.nrats = 1,
+	.rats = &clock,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_ratnum stereo_clocks[] = {
+	{
+		.num = SB8_CLOCK,
+		.den_min = SB8_DEN(22050),
+		.den_max = SB8_DEN(22050),
+		.den_step = 1,
+	},
+	{
+		.num = SB8_CLOCK,
+		.den_min = SB8_DEN(11025),
+		.den_max = SB8_DEN(11025),
+		.den_step = 1,
+	}
+};
+
+static int snd_sb8_hw_constraint_rate_channels(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+					       struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval *c = hw_param_interval(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS);
+	if (c->min > 1) {
+	  	unsigned int num = 0, den = 0;
+		int err = snd_interval_ratnum(hw_param_interval(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE),
+					  2, stereo_clocks, &num, &den);
+		if (err >= 0 && den) {
+			params->rate_num = num;
+			params->rate_den = den;
+		}
+		return err;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb8_hw_constraint_channels_rate(struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+					       struct snd_pcm_hw_rule *rule)
+{
+	struct snd_interval *r = hw_param_interval(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE);
+	if (r->min > SB8_RATE(22050) || r->max <= SB8_RATE(11025)) {
+		struct snd_interval t = { .min = 1, .max = 1 };
+		return snd_interval_refine(hw_param_interval(params, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS), &t);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb8_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned int mixreg, rate, size, count;
+	unsigned char format;
+	unsigned char stereo = runtime->channels > 1;
+	int dma;
+
+	rate = runtime->rate;
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case SB_HW_JAZZ16:
+		if (runtime->format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE) {
+			if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16)
+				return -EBUSY;
+			else
+				chip->mode |= SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16;
+		}
+		chip->playback_format = SB_DSP_LO_OUTPUT_AUTO;
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_PRO:
+		if (runtime->channels > 1) {
+			if (snd_BUG_ON(rate != SB8_RATE(11025) &&
+				       rate != SB8_RATE(22050)))
+				return -EINVAL;
+			chip->playback_format = SB_DSP_HI_OUTPUT_AUTO;
+			break;
+		}
+		fallthrough;
+	case SB_HW_201:
+		if (rate > 23000) {
+			chip->playback_format = SB_DSP_HI_OUTPUT_AUTO;
+			break;
+		}
+		fallthrough;
+	case SB_HW_20:
+		chip->playback_format = SB_DSP_LO_OUTPUT_AUTO;
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_10:
+		chip->playback_format = SB_DSP_OUTPUT;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16) {
+		format = stereo ? SB_DSP_STEREO_16BIT : SB_DSP_MONO_16BIT;
+		dma = chip->dma16;
+	} else {
+		format = stereo ? SB_DSP_STEREO_8BIT : SB_DSP_MONO_8BIT;
+		chip->mode |= SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_8;
+		dma = chip->dma8;
+	}
+	size = chip->p_dma_size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	count = chip->p_period_size = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_SPEAKER_ON);
+		if (chip->hardware == SB_HW_JAZZ16)
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, format);
+		else if (stereo) {
+			/* set playback stereo mode */
+			scoped_guard(spinlock, &chip->mixer_lock) {
+				mixreg = snd_sbmixer_read(chip, SB_DSP_STEREO_SW);
+				snd_sbmixer_write(chip, SB_DSP_STEREO_SW, mixreg | 0x02);
+			}
+
+			/* Soundblaster hardware programming reference guide, 3-23 */
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_DMA8_EXIT);
+			runtime->dma_area[0] = 0x80;
+			snd_dma_program(dma, runtime->dma_addr, 1, DMA_MODE_WRITE);
+			/* force interrupt */
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_OUTPUT);
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, 0);
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, 0);
+		}
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_SAMPLE_RATE);
+		if (stereo) {
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, 256 - runtime->rate_den / 2);
+			scoped_guard(spinlock, &chip->mixer_lock) {
+				/* save output filter status and turn it off */
+				mixreg = snd_sbmixer_read(chip, SB_DSP_PLAYBACK_FILT);
+				snd_sbmixer_write(chip, SB_DSP_PLAYBACK_FILT, mixreg | 0x20);
+			}
+			/* just use force_mode16 for temporary storate... */
+			chip->force_mode16 = mixreg;
+		} else {
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, 256 - runtime->rate_den);
+		}
+		if (chip->playback_format != SB_DSP_OUTPUT) {
+			if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16)
+				count /= 2;
+			count--;
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_BLOCK_SIZE);
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count & 0xff);
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count >> 8);
+		}
+	}
+	snd_dma_program(dma, runtime->dma_addr,
+			size, DMA_MODE_WRITE | DMA_AUTOINIT);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb8_playback_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				    int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	unsigned int count;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, chip->playback_format);
+		if (chip->playback_format == SB_DSP_OUTPUT) {
+			count = chip->p_period_size - 1;
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count & 0xff);
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count >> 8);
+		}
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+		if (chip->playback_format == SB_DSP_HI_OUTPUT_AUTO) {
+			struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+			snd_sbdsp_reset(chip);
+			if (runtime->channels > 1) {
+				guard(spinlock)(&chip->mixer_lock);
+				/* restore output filter and set hardware to mono mode */ 
+				snd_sbmixer_write(chip, SB_DSP_STEREO_SW, chip->force_mode16 & ~0x02);
+			}
+		} else {
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_DMA8_OFF);
+		}
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_SPEAKER_OFF);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb8_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned int mixreg, rate, size, count;
+	unsigned char format;
+	unsigned char stereo = runtime->channels > 1;
+	int dma;
+
+	rate = runtime->rate;
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case SB_HW_JAZZ16:
+		if (runtime->format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE) {
+			if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16)
+				return -EBUSY;
+			else
+				chip->mode |= SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16;
+		}
+		chip->capture_format = SB_DSP_LO_INPUT_AUTO;
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_PRO:
+		if (runtime->channels > 1) {
+			if (snd_BUG_ON(rate != SB8_RATE(11025) &&
+				       rate != SB8_RATE(22050)))
+				return -EINVAL;
+			chip->capture_format = SB_DSP_HI_INPUT_AUTO;
+			break;
+		}
+		chip->capture_format = (rate > 23000) ? SB_DSP_HI_INPUT_AUTO : SB_DSP_LO_INPUT_AUTO;
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_201:
+		if (rate > 13000) {
+			chip->capture_format = SB_DSP_HI_INPUT_AUTO;
+			break;
+		}
+		fallthrough;
+	case SB_HW_20:
+		chip->capture_format = SB_DSP_LO_INPUT_AUTO;
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_10:
+		chip->capture_format = SB_DSP_INPUT;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16) {
+		format = stereo ? SB_DSP_STEREO_16BIT : SB_DSP_MONO_16BIT;
+		dma = chip->dma16;
+	} else {
+		format = stereo ? SB_DSP_STEREO_8BIT : SB_DSP_MONO_8BIT;
+		chip->mode |= SB_MODE_CAPTURE_8;
+		dma = chip->dma8;
+	}
+	size = chip->c_dma_size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	count = chip->c_period_size = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_SPEAKER_OFF);
+		if (chip->hardware == SB_HW_JAZZ16)
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, format);
+		else if (stereo)
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_STEREO_8BIT);
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_SAMPLE_RATE);
+		if (stereo) {
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, 256 - runtime->rate_den / 2);
+			scoped_guard(spinlock, &chip->mixer_lock) {
+				/* save input filter status and turn it off */
+				mixreg = snd_sbmixer_read(chip, SB_DSP_CAPTURE_FILT);
+				snd_sbmixer_write(chip, SB_DSP_CAPTURE_FILT, mixreg | 0x20);
+			}
+			/* just use force_mode16 for temporary storate... */
+			chip->force_mode16 = mixreg;
+		} else {
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, 256 - runtime->rate_den);
+		}
+		if (chip->capture_format != SB_DSP_INPUT) {
+			if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16)
+				count /= 2;
+			count--;
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_BLOCK_SIZE);
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count & 0xff);
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count >> 8);
+		}
+	}
+	snd_dma_program(dma, runtime->dma_addr,
+			size, DMA_MODE_READ | DMA_AUTOINIT);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb8_capture_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				   int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	unsigned int count;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, chip->capture_format);
+		if (chip->capture_format == SB_DSP_INPUT) {
+			count = chip->c_period_size - 1;
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count & 0xff);
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, count >> 8);
+		}
+		break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+		if (chip->capture_format == SB_DSP_HI_INPUT_AUTO) {
+			struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+			snd_sbdsp_reset(chip);
+			if (runtime->channels > 1) {
+				/* restore input filter status */
+				scoped_guard(spinlock, &chip->mixer_lock) {
+					snd_sbmixer_write(chip, SB_DSP_CAPTURE_FILT, chip->force_mode16);
+				}
+				/* set hardware to mono mode */
+				snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_MONO_8BIT);
+			}
+		} else {
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_DMA8_OFF);
+		}
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_SPEAKER_OFF);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+irqreturn_t snd_sb8dsp_interrupt(struct snd_sb *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
+
+	snd_sb_ack_8bit(chip);
+	switch (chip->mode) {
+	case SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16:	/* ok.. playback is active */
+		if (chip->hardware != SB_HW_JAZZ16)
+			break;
+		fallthrough;
+	case SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_8:
+		substream = chip->playback_substream;
+		if (chip->playback_format == SB_DSP_OUTPUT)
+		    	snd_sb8_playback_trigger(substream, SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START);
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(substream);
+		break;
+	case SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16:
+		if (chip->hardware != SB_HW_JAZZ16)
+			break;
+		fallthrough;
+	case SB_MODE_CAPTURE_8:
+		substream = chip->capture_substream;
+		if (chip->capture_format == SB_DSP_INPUT)
+		    	snd_sb8_capture_trigger(substream, SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START);
+		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(substream);
+		break;
+	}
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_sb8_playback_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	size_t ptr;
+	int dma;
+
+	if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_8)
+		dma = chip->dma8;
+	else if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_PLAYBACK_16)
+		dma = chip->dma16;
+	else
+		return 0;
+	ptr = snd_dma_pointer(dma, chip->p_dma_size);
+	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, ptr);
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_sb8_capture_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	size_t ptr;
+	int dma;
+
+	if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_8)
+		dma = chip->dma8;
+	else if (chip->mode & SB_MODE_CAPTURE_16)
+		dma = chip->dma16;
+	else
+		return 0;
+	ptr = snd_dma_pointer(dma, chip->c_dma_size);
+	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, ptr);
+}
+
+/*
+
+ */
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_sb8_playback =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
+	.formats =		 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8,
+	.rates =		(SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000 |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_RATE_11025 | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_22050),
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		23000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		1,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_sb8_capture =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID),
+	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8,
+	.rates =		(SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000 |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_RATE_11025),
+	.rate_min =		4000,
+	.rate_max =		13000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		1,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	65536,
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+/*
+ *
+ */
+ 
+static int snd_sb8_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->open_lock) {
+		if (chip->open)
+			return -EAGAIN;
+		chip->open |= SB_OPEN_PCM;
+	}
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
+		chip->playback_substream = substream;
+		runtime->hw = snd_sb8_playback;
+	} else {
+		chip->capture_substream = substream;
+		runtime->hw = snd_sb8_capture;
+	}
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case SB_HW_JAZZ16:
+		if (chip->dma16 == 5 || chip->dma16 == 7)
+			runtime->hw.formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE;
+		runtime->hw.rates |= SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000;
+		runtime->hw.rate_min = 4000;
+		runtime->hw.rate_max = 50000;
+		runtime->hw.channels_max = 2;
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_PRO:
+		runtime->hw.rate_max = 44100;
+		runtime->hw.channels_max = 2;
+		snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+				    snd_sb8_hw_constraint_rate_channels, NULL,
+				    SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+				    SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, -1);
+		snd_pcm_hw_rule_add(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
+				     snd_sb8_hw_constraint_channels_rate, NULL,
+				     SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE, -1);
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_201:
+		if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
+			runtime->hw.rate_max = 44100;
+		} else {
+			runtime->hw.rate_max = 15000;
+		}
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_ratnums(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+				      &hw_constraints_clock);
+	if (chip->dma8 > 3 || chip->dma16 >= 0) {
+		snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0,
+					   SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_BUFFER_BYTES, 2);
+		snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(runtime, 0,
+					   SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_BYTES, 2);
+		runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max = 128 * 1024 * 1024;
+		runtime->hw.period_bytes_max = 128 * 1024 * 1024;
+	}
+	return 0;	
+}
+
+static int snd_sb8_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	chip->playback_substream = NULL;
+	chip->capture_substream = NULL;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->open_lock);
+	chip->open &= ~SB_OPEN_PCM;
+	if (substream->stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
+		chip->mode &= ~SB_MODE_PLAYBACK;
+	else
+		chip->mode &= ~SB_MODE_CAPTURE;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Initialization part
+ */
+ 
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_sb8_playback_ops = {
+	.open =			snd_sb8_open,
+	.close =		snd_sb8_close,
+	.prepare =		snd_sb8_playback_prepare,
+	.trigger =		snd_sb8_playback_trigger,
+	.pointer =		snd_sb8_playback_pointer,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_sb8_capture_ops = {
+	.open =			snd_sb8_open,
+	.close =		snd_sb8_close,
+	.prepare =		snd_sb8_capture_prepare,
+	.trigger =		snd_sb8_capture_trigger,
+	.pointer =		snd_sb8_capture_pointer,
+};
+
+int snd_sb8dsp_pcm(struct snd_sb *chip, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	int err;
+	size_t max_prealloc = 64 * 1024;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_new(card, "SB8 DSP", device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	sprintf(pcm->name, "DSP v%i.%i", chip->version >> 8, chip->version & 0xff);
+	pcm->info_flags = SNDRV_PCM_INFO_HALF_DUPLEX;
+	pcm->private_data = chip;
+
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_sb8_playback_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_sb8_capture_ops);
+
+	if (chip->dma8 > 3 || chip->dma16 >= 0)
+		max_prealloc = 128 * 1024;
+	snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
+				       card->dev, 64*1024, max_prealloc);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sb8dsp_pcm);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sb8dsp_interrupt);
+  /* sb8_midi.c */
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sb8dsp_midi_interrupt);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sb8dsp_midi);
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb8_midi.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb8_midi.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1d41f2470
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb8_midi.c
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Routines for control of SoundBlaster cards - MIDI interface
+ *
+ * --
+ *
+ * Sun May  9 22:54:38 BST 1999 George David Morrison <gdm@gedamo.demon.co.uk>
+ *   Fixed typo in snd_sb8dsp_midi_new_device which prevented midi from 
+ *   working.
+ *
+ * Sun May 11 12:34:56 UTC 2003 Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
+ *   Added full duplex UART mode for DSP version 2.0 and later.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/sb.h>
+
+
+irqreturn_t snd_sb8dsp_midi_interrupt(struct snd_sb *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	int max = 64;
+	char byte;
+
+	if (!chip)
+		return IRQ_NONE;
+	
+	rmidi = chip->rmidi;
+	if (!rmidi) {
+		inb(SBP(chip, DATA_AVAIL));	/* ack interrupt */
+		return IRQ_NONE;
+	}
+
+	guard(spinlock)(&chip->midi_input_lock);
+	while (max-- > 0) {
+		if (inb(SBP(chip, DATA_AVAIL)) & 0x80) {
+			byte = inb(SBP(chip, READ));
+			if (chip->open & SB_OPEN_MIDI_INPUT_TRIGGER) {
+				snd_rawmidi_receive(chip->midi_substream_input, &byte, 1);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb8dsp_midi_input_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+	unsigned int valid_open_flags;
+
+	chip = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+	valid_open_flags = chip->hardware >= SB_HW_20
+		? SB_OPEN_MIDI_OUTPUT | SB_OPEN_MIDI_OUTPUT_TRIGGER : 0;
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->open_lock) {
+		if (chip->open & ~valid_open_flags)
+			return -EAGAIN;
+		chip->open |= SB_OPEN_MIDI_INPUT;
+		chip->midi_substream_input = substream;
+		if (chip->open & SB_OPEN_MIDI_OUTPUT)
+			return 0;
+	}
+	snd_sbdsp_reset(chip);		/* reset DSP */
+	if (chip->hardware >= SB_HW_20)
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_MIDI_UART_IRQ);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb8dsp_midi_output_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+	unsigned int valid_open_flags;
+
+	chip = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+	valid_open_flags = chip->hardware >= SB_HW_20
+		? SB_OPEN_MIDI_INPUT | SB_OPEN_MIDI_INPUT_TRIGGER : 0;
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->open_lock) {
+		if (chip->open & ~valid_open_flags)
+			return -EAGAIN;
+		chip->open |= SB_OPEN_MIDI_OUTPUT;
+		chip->midi_substream_output = substream;
+		if (chip->open & SB_OPEN_MIDI_INPUT)
+			return 0;
+	}
+	snd_sbdsp_reset(chip);		/* reset DSP */
+	if (chip->hardware >= SB_HW_20)
+		snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_MIDI_UART_IRQ);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb8dsp_midi_input_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+
+	chip = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->open_lock) {
+		chip->open &= ~(SB_OPEN_MIDI_INPUT | SB_OPEN_MIDI_INPUT_TRIGGER);
+		chip->midi_substream_input = NULL;
+		if (chip->open & SB_OPEN_MIDI_OUTPUT)
+			return 0;
+	}
+	snd_sbdsp_reset(chip);		/* reset DSP */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb8dsp_midi_output_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+
+	chip = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+	timer_delete_sync(&chip->midi_timer);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->open_lock) {
+		chip->open &= ~(SB_OPEN_MIDI_OUTPUT | SB_OPEN_MIDI_OUTPUT_TRIGGER);
+		chip->midi_substream_output = NULL;
+		if (chip->open & SB_OPEN_MIDI_INPUT)
+			return 0;
+	}
+	snd_sbdsp_reset(chip);		/* reset DSP */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_sb8dsp_midi_input_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+
+	chip = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->open_lock);
+	if (up) {
+		if (!(chip->open & SB_OPEN_MIDI_INPUT_TRIGGER)) {
+			if (chip->hardware < SB_HW_20)
+				snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_MIDI_INPUT_IRQ);
+			chip->open |= SB_OPEN_MIDI_INPUT_TRIGGER;
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (chip->open & SB_OPEN_MIDI_INPUT_TRIGGER) {
+			if (chip->hardware < SB_HW_20)
+				snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_MIDI_INPUT_IRQ);
+			chip->open &= ~SB_OPEN_MIDI_INPUT_TRIGGER;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_sb8dsp_midi_output_write(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+	char byte;
+	int max = 32;
+
+	/* how big is Tx FIFO? */
+	chip = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+	while (max-- > 0) {
+		guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->open_lock);
+		if (snd_rawmidi_transmit_peek(substream, &byte, 1) != 1) {
+			chip->open &= ~SB_OPEN_MIDI_OUTPUT_TRIGGER;
+			timer_delete(&chip->midi_timer);
+			break;
+		}
+		if (chip->hardware >= SB_HW_20) {
+			int timeout = 8;
+			while ((inb(SBP(chip, STATUS)) & 0x80) != 0 && --timeout > 0)
+				;
+			if (timeout == 0) {
+				/* Tx FIFO full - try again later */
+				break;
+			}
+			outb(byte, SBP(chip, WRITE));
+		} else {
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_MIDI_OUTPUT);
+			snd_sbdsp_command(chip, byte);
+		}
+		snd_rawmidi_transmit_ack(substream, 1);
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_sb8dsp_midi_output_timer(struct timer_list *t)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip = timer_container_of(chip, t, midi_timer);
+	struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream = chip->midi_substream_output;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->open_lock) {
+		mod_timer(&chip->midi_timer, 1 + jiffies);
+	}
+	snd_sb8dsp_midi_output_write(substream);
+}
+
+static void snd_sb8dsp_midi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+
+	chip = substream->rmidi->private_data;
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->open_lock) {
+		if (up) {
+			if (!(chip->open & SB_OPEN_MIDI_OUTPUT_TRIGGER)) {
+				mod_timer(&chip->midi_timer, 1 + jiffies);
+				chip->open |= SB_OPEN_MIDI_OUTPUT_TRIGGER;
+			}
+		} else {
+			if (chip->open & SB_OPEN_MIDI_OUTPUT_TRIGGER) {
+				chip->open &= ~SB_OPEN_MIDI_OUTPUT_TRIGGER;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (up)
+		snd_sb8dsp_midi_output_write(substream);
+}
+
+static const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_sb8dsp_midi_output =
+{
+	.open =		snd_sb8dsp_midi_output_open,
+	.close =	snd_sb8dsp_midi_output_close,
+	.trigger =	snd_sb8dsp_midi_output_trigger,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_sb8dsp_midi_input =
+{
+	.open =		snd_sb8dsp_midi_input_open,
+	.close =	snd_sb8dsp_midi_input_close,
+	.trigger =	snd_sb8dsp_midi_input_trigger,
+};
+
+int snd_sb8dsp_midi(struct snd_sb *chip, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_rawmidi_new(chip->card, "SB8 MIDI", device, 1, 1, &rmidi);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	strscpy(rmidi->name, "SB8 MIDI");
+	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT, &snd_sb8dsp_midi_output);
+	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT, &snd_sb8dsp_midi_input);
+	rmidi->info_flags |= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_OUTPUT | SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_INPUT;
+	if (chip->hardware >= SB_HW_20)
+		rmidi->info_flags |= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_DUPLEX;
+	rmidi->private_data = chip;
+	timer_setup(&chip->midi_timer, snd_sb8dsp_midi_output_timer, 0);
+	chip->rmidi = rmidi;
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb_common.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb_common.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f2848559e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb_common.c
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *                   Uros Bizjak <uros@kss-loka.si>
+ *
+ *  Lowlevel routines for control of Sound Blaster cards
+ */
+
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/sb.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ALSA lowlevel driver for Sound Blaster cards");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+#define BUSY_LOOPS 100000
+
+#undef IO_DEBUG
+
+int snd_sbdsp_command(struct snd_sb *chip, unsigned char val)
+{
+	int i;
+#ifdef IO_DEBUG
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "command 0x%x\n", val);
+#endif
+	for (i = BUSY_LOOPS; i; i--)
+		if ((inb(SBP(chip, STATUS)) & 0x80) == 0) {
+			outb(val, SBP(chip, COMMAND));
+			return 1;
+		}
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "%s [0x%lx]: timeout (0x%x)\n", __func__, chip->port, val);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_sbdsp_get_byte(struct snd_sb *chip)
+{
+	int val;
+	int i;
+	for (i = BUSY_LOOPS; i; i--) {
+		if (inb(SBP(chip, DATA_AVAIL)) & 0x80) {
+			val = inb(SBP(chip, READ));
+#ifdef IO_DEBUG
+			dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "get_byte 0x%x\n", val);
+#endif
+			return val;
+		}
+	}
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "%s [0x%lx]: timeout\n", __func__, chip->port);
+	return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+int snd_sbdsp_reset(struct snd_sb *chip)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	outb(1, SBP(chip, RESET));
+	udelay(10);
+	outb(0, SBP(chip, RESET));
+	udelay(30);
+	for (i = BUSY_LOOPS; i; i--)
+		if (inb(SBP(chip, DATA_AVAIL)) & 0x80) {
+			if (inb(SBP(chip, READ)) == 0xaa)
+				return 0;
+			else
+				break;
+		}
+	if (chip->card)
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "%s [0x%lx] failed...\n", __func__, chip->port);
+	return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+static int snd_sbdsp_version(struct snd_sb * chip)
+{
+	unsigned int result;
+
+	snd_sbdsp_command(chip, SB_DSP_GET_VERSION);
+	result = (short) snd_sbdsp_get_byte(chip) << 8;
+	result |= (short) snd_sbdsp_get_byte(chip);
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int snd_sbdsp_probe(struct snd_sb * chip)
+{
+	int version;
+	int major, minor;
+	char *str;
+
+	/*
+	 *  initialization sequence
+	 */
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		if (snd_sbdsp_reset(chip) < 0)
+			return -ENODEV;
+		version = snd_sbdsp_version(chip);
+		if (version < 0)
+			return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	major = version >> 8;
+	minor = version & 0xff;
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "SB [0x%lx]: DSP chip found, version = %i.%i\n",
+		chip->port, major, minor);
+
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case SB_HW_AUTO:
+		switch (major) {
+		case 1:
+			chip->hardware = SB_HW_10;
+			str = "1.0";
+			break;
+		case 2:
+			if (minor) {
+				chip->hardware = SB_HW_201;
+				str = "2.01+";
+			} else {
+				chip->hardware = SB_HW_20;
+				str = "2.0";
+			}
+			break;
+		case 3:
+			chip->hardware = SB_HW_PRO;
+			str = "Pro";
+			break;
+		case 4:
+			chip->hardware = SB_HW_16;
+			str = "16";
+			break;
+		default:
+			dev_info(chip->card->dev, "SB [0x%lx]: unknown DSP chip version %i.%i\n",
+				 chip->port, major, minor);
+			return -ENODEV;
+		}
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_ALS100:
+		str = "16 (ALS-100)";
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_ALS4000:
+		str = "16 (ALS-4000)";
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_DT019X:
+		str = "(DT019X/ALS007)";
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_CS5530:
+		str = "16 (CS5530)";
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_JAZZ16:
+		str = "Pro (Jazz16)";
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	sprintf(chip->name, "Sound Blaster %s", str);
+	chip->version = (major << 8) | minor;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_sbdsp_create(struct snd_card *card,
+		     unsigned long port,
+		     int irq,
+		     irq_handler_t irq_handler,
+		     int dma8,
+		     int dma16,
+		     unsigned short hardware,
+		     struct snd_sb **r_chip)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *chip;
+	int err;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!r_chip))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	*r_chip = NULL;
+	chip = devm_kzalloc(card->dev, sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!chip)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->reg_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->open_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->midi_input_lock);
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->mixer_lock);
+	chip->irq = -1;
+	chip->dma8 = -1;
+	chip->dma16 = -1;
+	chip->port = port;
+	
+	if (devm_request_irq(card->dev, irq, irq_handler,
+			     (hardware == SB_HW_ALS4000 ||
+			      hardware == SB_HW_CS5530) ?
+			     IRQF_SHARED : 0,
+			     "SoundBlaster", (void *) chip)) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "sb: can't grab irq %d\n", irq);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->irq = irq;
+	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
+
+	if (hardware == SB_HW_ALS4000)
+		goto __skip_allocation;
+	
+	chip->res_port = devm_request_region(card->dev, port, 16,
+					     "SoundBlaster");
+	if (!chip->res_port) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "sb: can't grab port 0x%lx\n", port);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_ISA
+	if (dma8 >= 0 && snd_devm_request_dma(card->dev, dma8,
+					      "SoundBlaster - 8bit")) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "sb: can't grab DMA8 %d\n", dma8);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->dma8 = dma8;
+	if (dma16 >= 0) {
+		if (hardware != SB_HW_ALS100 && (dma16 < 5 || dma16 > 7)) {
+			/* no duplex */
+			dma16 = -1;
+		} else if (snd_devm_request_dma(card->dev, dma16,
+						"SoundBlaster - 16bit")) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "sb: can't grab DMA16 %d\n", dma16);
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+	chip->dma16 = dma16;
+#endif
+
+      __skip_allocation:
+	chip->card = card;
+	chip->hardware = hardware;
+	err = snd_sbdsp_probe(chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	*r_chip = chip;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sbdsp_command);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sbdsp_get_byte);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sbdsp_reset);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sbdsp_create);
+/* sb_mixer.c */
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sbmixer_write);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sbmixer_read);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sbmixer_new);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sbmixer_add_ctl);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sbmixer_suspend);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_sbmixer_resume);
+#endif
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sb_mixer.c b/sound/isa/sb/sb_mixer.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..95173b18c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sb_mixer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,927 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Routines for Sound Blaster mixer control
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/sb.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+
+#undef IO_DEBUG
+
+void snd_sbmixer_write(struct snd_sb *chip, unsigned char reg, unsigned char data)
+{
+	outb(reg, SBP(chip, MIXER_ADDR));
+	udelay(10);
+	outb(data, SBP(chip, MIXER_DATA));
+	udelay(10);
+#ifdef IO_DEBUG
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "mixer_write 0x%x 0x%x\n", reg, data);
+#endif
+}
+
+unsigned char snd_sbmixer_read(struct snd_sb *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	unsigned char result;
+
+	outb(reg, SBP(chip, MIXER_ADDR));
+	udelay(10);
+	result = inb(SBP(chip, MIXER_DATA));
+	udelay(10);
+#ifdef IO_DEBUG
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "mixer_read 0x%x 0x%x\n", reg, result);
+#endif
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Single channel mixer element
+ */
+
+static int snd_sbmixer_info_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+
+	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sbmixer_get_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *sb = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	unsigned char val;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&sb->mixer_lock);
+	val = (snd_sbmixer_read(sb, reg) >> shift) & mask;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = val;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sbmixer_put_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *sb = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int change;
+	unsigned char val, oval;
+
+	val = (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask) << shift;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&sb->mixer_lock);
+	oval = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, reg);
+	val = (oval & ~(mask << shift)) | val;
+	change = val != oval;
+	if (change)
+		snd_sbmixer_write(sb, reg, val);
+	return change;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Double channel mixer element
+ */
+
+static int snd_sbmixer_info_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+
+	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sbmixer_get_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *sb = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int left_shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int right_shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	unsigned char left, right;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&sb->mixer_lock);
+	left = (snd_sbmixer_read(sb, left_reg) >> left_shift) & mask;
+	right = (snd_sbmixer_read(sb, right_reg) >> right_shift) & mask;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = left;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = right;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sbmixer_put_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *sb = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int left_shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int right_shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int change;
+	unsigned char left, right, oleft, oright;
+
+	left = (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask) << left_shift;
+	right = (ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & mask) << right_shift;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&sb->mixer_lock);
+	if (left_reg == right_reg) {
+		oleft = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, left_reg);
+		left = (oleft & ~((mask << left_shift) | (mask << right_shift))) | left | right;
+		change = left != oleft;
+		if (change)
+			snd_sbmixer_write(sb, left_reg, left);
+	} else {
+		oleft = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, left_reg);
+		oright = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, right_reg);
+		left = (oleft & ~(mask << left_shift)) | left;
+		right = (oright & ~(mask << right_shift)) | right;
+		change = left != oleft || right != oright;
+		if (change) {
+			snd_sbmixer_write(sb, left_reg, left);
+			snd_sbmixer_write(sb, right_reg, right);
+		}
+	}
+	return change;
+}
+
+/*
+ * DT-019x / ALS-007 capture/input switch
+ */
+
+static int snd_dt019x_input_sw_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[5] = {
+		"CD", "Mic", "Line", "Synth", "Master"
+	};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 5, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_dt019x_input_sw_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *sb = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char oval;
+	
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &sb->mixer_lock) {
+		oval = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, SB_DT019X_CAPTURE_SW);
+	}
+	switch (oval & 0x07) {
+	case SB_DT019X_CAP_CD:
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 0;
+		break;
+	case SB_DT019X_CAP_MIC:
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 1;
+		break;
+	case SB_DT019X_CAP_LINE:
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 2;
+		break;
+	case SB_DT019X_CAP_MAIN:
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 4;
+		break;
+	/* To record the synth on these cards you must record the main.   */
+	/* Thus SB_DT019X_CAP_SYNTH == SB_DT019X_CAP_MAIN and would cause */
+	/* duplicate case labels if left uncommented. */
+	/* case SB_DT019X_CAP_SYNTH:
+	 *	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 3;
+	 *	break;
+	 */
+	default:
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 4;
+		break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_dt019x_input_sw_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *sb = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change;
+	unsigned char nval, oval;
+	
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > 4)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	switch (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0]) {
+	case 0:
+		nval = SB_DT019X_CAP_CD;
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		nval = SB_DT019X_CAP_MIC;
+		break;
+	case 2:
+		nval = SB_DT019X_CAP_LINE;
+		break;
+	case 3:
+		nval = SB_DT019X_CAP_SYNTH;
+		break;
+	case 4:
+		nval = SB_DT019X_CAP_MAIN;
+		break;
+	default:
+		nval = SB_DT019X_CAP_MAIN;
+	}
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&sb->mixer_lock);
+	oval = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, SB_DT019X_CAPTURE_SW);
+	change = nval != oval;
+	if (change)
+		snd_sbmixer_write(sb, SB_DT019X_CAPTURE_SW, nval);
+	return change;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ALS4000 mono recording control switch
+ */
+
+static int snd_als4k_mono_capture_route_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					     struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[3] = {
+		"L chan only", "R chan only", "L ch/2 + R ch/2"
+	};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 3, texts);
+}
+
+static int snd_als4k_mono_capture_route_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *sb = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char oval;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&sb->mixer_lock);
+	oval = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, SB_ALS4000_MONO_IO_CTRL);
+	oval >>= 6;
+	if (oval > 2)
+		oval = 2;
+
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = oval;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_als4k_mono_capture_route_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *sb = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change;
+	unsigned char nval, oval;
+
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > 2)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&sb->mixer_lock);
+	oval = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, SB_ALS4000_MONO_IO_CTRL);
+
+	nval = (oval & ~(3 << 6))
+	     | (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] << 6);
+	change = nval != oval;
+	if (change)
+		snd_sbmixer_write(sb, SB_ALS4000_MONO_IO_CTRL, nval);
+	return change;
+}
+
+/*
+ * SBPRO input multiplexer
+ */
+
+static int snd_sb8mixer_info_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[3] = {
+		"Mic", "CD", "Line"
+	};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 3, texts);
+}
+
+
+static int snd_sb8mixer_get_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *sb = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned char oval;
+	
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&sb->mixer_lock);
+	oval = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, SB_DSP_CAPTURE_SOURCE);
+	switch ((oval >> 0x01) & 0x03) {
+	case SB_DSP_MIXS_CD:
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 1;
+		break;
+	case SB_DSP_MIXS_LINE:
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 2;
+		break;
+	default:
+		ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = 0;
+		break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb8mixer_put_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *sb = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int change;
+	unsigned char nval, oval;
+	
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > 2)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	switch (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0]) {
+	case 1:
+		nval = SB_DSP_MIXS_CD;
+		break;
+	case 2:
+		nval = SB_DSP_MIXS_LINE;
+		break;
+	default:
+		nval = SB_DSP_MIXS_MIC;
+	}
+	nval <<= 1;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&sb->mixer_lock);
+	oval = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, SB_DSP_CAPTURE_SOURCE);
+	nval |= oval & ~0x06;
+	change = nval != oval;
+	if (change)
+		snd_sbmixer_write(sb, SB_DSP_CAPTURE_SOURCE, nval);
+	return change;
+}
+
+/*
+ * SB16 input switch
+ */
+
+static int snd_sb16mixer_info_input_sw(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
+	uinfo->count = 4;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sb16mixer_get_input_sw(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *sb = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg1 = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int reg2 = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int left_shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x0f;
+	int right_shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0x0f;
+	unsigned char val1, val2;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&sb->mixer_lock);
+	val1 = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, reg1);
+	val2 = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, reg2);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (val1 >> left_shift) & 0x01;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = (val2 >> left_shift) & 0x01;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[2] = (val1 >> right_shift) & 0x01;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[3] = (val2 >> right_shift) & 0x01;
+	return 0;
+}                                                                                                                   
+
+static int snd_sb16mixer_put_input_sw(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_sb *sb = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg1 = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int reg2 = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int left_shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x0f;
+	int right_shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0x0f;
+	int change;
+	unsigned char val1, val2, oval1, oval2;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&sb->mixer_lock);
+	oval1 = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, reg1);
+	oval2 = snd_sbmixer_read(sb, reg2);
+	val1 = oval1 & ~((1 << left_shift) | (1 << right_shift));
+	val2 = oval2 & ~((1 << left_shift) | (1 << right_shift));
+	val1 |= (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & 1) << left_shift;
+	val2 |= (ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & 1) << left_shift;
+	val1 |= (ucontrol->value.integer.value[2] & 1) << right_shift;
+	val2 |= (ucontrol->value.integer.value[3] & 1) << right_shift;
+	change = val1 != oval1 || val2 != oval2;
+	if (change) {
+		snd_sbmixer_write(sb, reg1, val1);
+		snd_sbmixer_write(sb, reg2, val2);
+	}
+	return change;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ */
+/*
+ */
+int snd_sbmixer_add_ctl(struct snd_sb *chip, const char *name, int index, int type, unsigned long value)
+{
+	static const struct snd_kcontrol_new newctls[] = {
+		[SB_MIX_SINGLE] = {
+			.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+			.info = snd_sbmixer_info_single,
+			.get = snd_sbmixer_get_single,
+			.put = snd_sbmixer_put_single,
+		},
+		[SB_MIX_DOUBLE] = {
+			.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+			.info = snd_sbmixer_info_double,
+			.get = snd_sbmixer_get_double,
+			.put = snd_sbmixer_put_double,
+		},
+		[SB_MIX_INPUT_SW] = {
+			.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+			.info = snd_sb16mixer_info_input_sw,
+			.get = snd_sb16mixer_get_input_sw,
+			.put = snd_sb16mixer_put_input_sw,
+		},
+		[SB_MIX_CAPTURE_PRO] = {
+			.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+			.info = snd_sb8mixer_info_mux,
+			.get = snd_sb8mixer_get_mux,
+			.put = snd_sb8mixer_put_mux,
+		},
+		[SB_MIX_CAPTURE_DT019X] = {
+			.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+			.info = snd_dt019x_input_sw_info,
+			.get = snd_dt019x_input_sw_get,
+			.put = snd_dt019x_input_sw_put,
+		},
+		[SB_MIX_MONO_CAPTURE_ALS4K] = {
+			.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+			.info = snd_als4k_mono_capture_route_info,
+			.get = snd_als4k_mono_capture_route_get,
+			.put = snd_als4k_mono_capture_route_put,
+		},
+	};
+	struct snd_kcontrol *ctl;
+	int err;
+
+	ctl = snd_ctl_new1(&newctls[type], chip);
+	if (! ctl)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	strscpy(ctl->id.name, name, sizeof(ctl->id.name));
+	ctl->id.index = index;
+	ctl->private_value = value;
+	err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, ctl);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * SB 2.0 specific mixer elements
+ */
+
+static const struct sbmix_elem snd_sb20_controls[] = {
+	SB_SINGLE("Master Playback Volume", SB_DSP20_MASTER_DEV, 1, 7),
+	SB_SINGLE("PCM Playback Volume", SB_DSP20_PCM_DEV, 1, 3),
+	SB_SINGLE("Synth Playback Volume", SB_DSP20_FM_DEV, 1, 7),
+	SB_SINGLE("CD Playback Volume", SB_DSP20_CD_DEV, 1, 7)
+};
+
+static const unsigned char snd_sb20_init_values[][2] = {
+	{ SB_DSP20_MASTER_DEV, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP20_FM_DEV, 0 },
+};
+
+/*
+ * SB Pro specific mixer elements
+ */
+static const struct sbmix_elem snd_sbpro_controls[] = {
+	SB_DOUBLE("Master Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DSP_MASTER_DEV, SB_DSP_MASTER_DEV, 5, 1, 7),
+	SB_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DSP_PCM_DEV, SB_DSP_PCM_DEV, 5, 1, 7),
+	SB_SINGLE("PCM Playback Filter", SB_DSP_PLAYBACK_FILT, 5, 1),
+	SB_DOUBLE("Synth Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DSP_FM_DEV, SB_DSP_FM_DEV, 5, 1, 7),
+	SB_DOUBLE("CD Playback Volume", SB_DSP_CD_DEV, SB_DSP_CD_DEV, 5, 1, 7),
+	SB_DOUBLE("Line Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DSP_LINE_DEV, SB_DSP_LINE_DEV, 5, 1, 7),
+	SB_SINGLE("Mic Playback Volume", SB_DSP_MIC_DEV, 1, 3),
+	{
+		.name = "Capture Source",
+		.type = SB_MIX_CAPTURE_PRO
+	},
+	SB_SINGLE("Capture Filter", SB_DSP_CAPTURE_FILT, 5, 1),
+	SB_SINGLE("Capture Low-Pass Filter", SB_DSP_CAPTURE_FILT, 3, 1)
+};
+
+static const unsigned char snd_sbpro_init_values[][2] = {
+	{ SB_DSP_MASTER_DEV, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP_PCM_DEV, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP_FM_DEV, 0 },
+};
+
+/*
+ * SB16 specific mixer elements
+ */
+static const struct sbmix_elem snd_sb16_controls[] = {
+	SB_DOUBLE("Master Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV, (SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV + 1), 3, 3, 31),
+	SB_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV, (SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 1), 3, 3, 31),
+	SB16_INPUT_SW("Synth Capture Route",
+		      SB_DSP4_INPUT_LEFT, SB_DSP4_INPUT_RIGHT, 6, 5),
+	SB_DOUBLE("Synth Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV, (SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV + 1), 3, 3, 31),
+	SB16_INPUT_SW("CD Capture Route",
+		      SB_DSP4_INPUT_LEFT, SB_DSP4_INPUT_RIGHT, 2, 1),
+	SB_DOUBLE("CD Playback Switch",
+		  SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, 2, 1, 1),
+	SB_DOUBLE("CD Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DSP4_CD_DEV, (SB_DSP4_CD_DEV + 1), 3, 3, 31),
+	SB16_INPUT_SW("Mic Capture Route",
+		      SB_DSP4_INPUT_LEFT, SB_DSP4_INPUT_RIGHT, 0, 0),
+	SB_SINGLE("Mic Playback Switch", SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, 0, 1),
+	SB_SINGLE("Mic Playback Volume", SB_DSP4_MIC_DEV, 3, 31),
+	SB_SINGLE("Beep Volume", SB_DSP4_SPEAKER_DEV, 6, 3),
+	SB_DOUBLE("Capture Volume",
+		  SB_DSP4_IGAIN_DEV, (SB_DSP4_IGAIN_DEV + 1), 6, 6, 3),
+	SB_DOUBLE("Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DSP4_OGAIN_DEV, (SB_DSP4_OGAIN_DEV + 1), 6, 6, 3),
+	SB16_INPUT_SW("Line Capture Route",
+		      SB_DSP4_INPUT_LEFT, SB_DSP4_INPUT_RIGHT, 4, 3),
+	SB_DOUBLE("Line Playback Switch",
+		  SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, 4, 3, 1),
+	SB_DOUBLE("Line Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DSP4_LINE_DEV, (SB_DSP4_LINE_DEV + 1), 3, 3, 31),
+	SB_SINGLE("Mic Auto Gain", SB_DSP4_MIC_AGC, 0, 1),
+	SB_SINGLE("3D Enhancement Switch", SB_DSP4_3DSE, 0, 1),
+	SB_DOUBLE("Tone Control - Bass",
+		  SB_DSP4_BASS_DEV, (SB_DSP4_BASS_DEV + 1), 4, 4, 15),
+	SB_DOUBLE("Tone Control - Treble",
+		  SB_DSP4_TREBLE_DEV, (SB_DSP4_TREBLE_DEV + 1), 4, 4, 15)
+};
+
+static const unsigned char snd_sb16_init_values[][2] = {
+	{ SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV + 0, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV + 1, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 0, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 1, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV + 0, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV + 1, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_INPUT_LEFT, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_INPUT_RIGHT, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_SPEAKER_DEV, 0 },
+};
+
+/*
+ * DT019x specific mixer elements
+ */
+static const struct sbmix_elem snd_dt019x_controls[] = {
+	/* ALS4000 below has some parts which we might be lacking,
+	 * e.g. snd_als4000_ctl_mono_playback_switch - check it! */
+	SB_DOUBLE("Master Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DT019X_MASTER_DEV, SB_DT019X_MASTER_DEV, 4, 0, 15),
+	SB_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Switch",
+		  SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2, SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2, 2, 1, 1),
+	SB_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DT019X_PCM_DEV, SB_DT019X_PCM_DEV, 4, 0, 15),
+	SB_DOUBLE("Synth Playback Switch",
+		  SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2, SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2, 4, 3, 1),
+	SB_DOUBLE("Synth Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DT019X_SYNTH_DEV, SB_DT019X_SYNTH_DEV, 4, 0, 15),
+	SB_DOUBLE("CD Playback Switch",
+		  SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, 2, 1, 1),
+	SB_DOUBLE("CD Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DT019X_CD_DEV, SB_DT019X_CD_DEV, 4, 0, 15),
+	SB_SINGLE("Mic Playback Switch", SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, 0, 1),
+	SB_SINGLE("Mic Playback Volume", SB_DT019X_MIC_DEV, 4, 7),
+	SB_SINGLE("Beep Volume", SB_DT019X_SPKR_DEV, 0,  7),
+	SB_DOUBLE("Line Playback Switch",
+		  SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, 4, 3, 1),
+	SB_DOUBLE("Line Playback Volume",
+		  SB_DT019X_LINE_DEV, SB_DT019X_LINE_DEV, 4, 0, 15),
+	{
+		.name = "Capture Source",
+		.type = SB_MIX_CAPTURE_DT019X
+	}
+};
+
+static const unsigned char snd_dt019x_init_values[][2] = {
+        { SB_DT019X_MASTER_DEV, 0 },
+        { SB_DT019X_PCM_DEV, 0 },
+        { SB_DT019X_SYNTH_DEV, 0 },
+        { SB_DT019X_CD_DEV, 0 },
+        { SB_DT019X_MIC_DEV, 0 },	/* Includes PC-speaker in high nibble */
+        { SB_DT019X_LINE_DEV, 0 },
+        { SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, 0 },
+        { SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2, 0 },
+        { SB_DT019X_CAPTURE_SW, 0x06 },
+};
+
+/*
+ * ALS4000 specific mixer elements
+ */
+static const struct sbmix_elem snd_als4000_controls[] = {
+	SB_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Switch",
+		  SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2, SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2, 2, 1, 1),
+	SB_DOUBLE("Synth Playback Switch",
+		  SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2, SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2, 4, 3, 1),
+	SB_SINGLE("Mic Boost (+20dB)", SB_ALS4000_MIC_IN_GAIN, 0, 0x03),
+	SB_SINGLE("Master Mono Playback Switch", SB_ALS4000_MONO_IO_CTRL, 5, 1),
+	{
+		.name = "Master Mono Capture Route",
+		.type = SB_MIX_MONO_CAPTURE_ALS4K
+	},
+	SB_SINGLE("Mono Playback Switch", SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2, 0, 1),
+	SB_SINGLE("Analog Loopback Switch", SB_ALS4000_MIC_IN_GAIN, 7, 0x01),
+	SB_SINGLE("3D Control - Switch", SB_ALS4000_3D_SND_FX, 6, 0x01),
+	SB_SINGLE("Digital Loopback Switch",
+		  SB_ALS4000_CR3_CONFIGURATION, 7, 0x01),
+	/* FIXME: functionality of 3D controls might be swapped, I didn't find
+	 * a description of how to identify what is supposed to be what */
+	SB_SINGLE("3D Control - Level", SB_ALS4000_3D_SND_FX, 0, 0x07),
+	/* FIXME: maybe there's actually some standard 3D ctrl name for it?? */
+	SB_SINGLE("3D Control - Freq", SB_ALS4000_3D_SND_FX, 4, 0x03),
+	/* FIXME: ALS4000a.pdf mentions BBD (Bucket Brigade Device) time delay,
+	 * but what ALSA 3D attribute is that actually? "Center", "Depth",
+	 * "Wide" or "Space" or even "Level"? Assuming "Wide" for now... */
+	SB_SINGLE("3D Control - Wide", SB_ALS4000_3D_TIME_DELAY, 0, 0x0f),
+	SB_SINGLE("3D PowerOff Switch", SB_ALS4000_3D_TIME_DELAY, 4, 0x01),
+	SB_SINGLE("Master Playback 8kHz / 20kHz LPF Switch",
+		  SB_ALS4000_FMDAC, 5, 0x01),
+#ifdef NOT_AVAILABLE
+	SB_SINGLE("FMDAC Switch (Option ?)", SB_ALS4000_FMDAC, 0, 0x01),
+	SB_SINGLE("QSound Mode", SB_ALS4000_QSOUND, 1, 0x1f),
+#endif
+};
+
+static const unsigned char snd_als4000_init_values[][2] = {
+	{ SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV + 0, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV + 1, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 0, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 1, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV + 0, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV + 1, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_SPEAKER_DEV, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_INPUT_LEFT, 0 },
+	{ SB_DSP4_INPUT_RIGHT, 0 },
+	{ SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2, 0 },
+	{ SB_ALS4000_MIC_IN_GAIN, 0 },
+};
+
+/*
+ */
+static int snd_sbmixer_init(struct snd_sb *chip,
+			    const struct sbmix_elem *controls,
+			    int controls_count,
+			    const unsigned char map[][2],
+			    int map_count,
+			    char *name)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
+	int idx, err;
+
+	/* mixer reset */
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->mixer_lock) {
+		snd_sbmixer_write(chip, 0x00, 0x00);
+	}
+
+	/* mute and zero volume channels */
+	for (idx = 0; idx < map_count; idx++) {
+		guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->mixer_lock);
+		snd_sbmixer_write(chip, map[idx][0], map[idx][1]);
+	}
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < controls_count; idx++) {
+		err = snd_sbmixer_add_ctl_elem(chip, &controls[idx]);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	snd_component_add(card, name);
+	strscpy(card->mixername, name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_sbmixer_new(struct snd_sb *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip || !chip->card))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	card = chip->card;
+
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case SB_HW_10:
+		return 0; /* no mixer chip on SB1.x */
+	case SB_HW_20:
+	case SB_HW_201:
+		err = snd_sbmixer_init(chip,
+				       snd_sb20_controls,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sb20_controls),
+				       snd_sb20_init_values,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sb20_init_values),
+				       "CTL1335");
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_PRO:
+	case SB_HW_JAZZ16:
+		err = snd_sbmixer_init(chip,
+				       snd_sbpro_controls,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sbpro_controls),
+				       snd_sbpro_init_values,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sbpro_init_values),
+				       "CTL1345");
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_16:
+	case SB_HW_ALS100:
+	case SB_HW_CS5530:
+		err = snd_sbmixer_init(chip,
+				       snd_sb16_controls,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sb16_controls),
+				       snd_sb16_init_values,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sb16_init_values),
+				       "CTL1745");
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_ALS4000:
+		/* use only the first 16 controls from SB16 */
+		err = snd_sbmixer_init(chip,
+					snd_sb16_controls,
+					16,
+					snd_sb16_init_values,
+					ARRAY_SIZE(snd_sb16_init_values),
+					"ALS4000");
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		err = snd_sbmixer_init(chip,
+				       snd_als4000_controls,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_als4000_controls),
+				       snd_als4000_init_values,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_als4000_init_values),
+				       "ALS4000");
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_DT019X:
+		err = snd_sbmixer_init(chip,
+				       snd_dt019x_controls,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_dt019x_controls),
+				       snd_dt019x_init_values,
+				       ARRAY_SIZE(snd_dt019x_init_values),
+				       "DT019X");
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		break;
+	default:
+		strscpy(card->mixername, "???");
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static const unsigned char sb20_saved_regs[] = {
+	SB_DSP20_MASTER_DEV,
+	SB_DSP20_PCM_DEV,
+	SB_DSP20_FM_DEV,
+	SB_DSP20_CD_DEV,
+};
+
+static const unsigned char sbpro_saved_regs[] = {
+	SB_DSP_MASTER_DEV,
+	SB_DSP_PCM_DEV,
+	SB_DSP_PLAYBACK_FILT,
+	SB_DSP_FM_DEV,
+	SB_DSP_CD_DEV,
+	SB_DSP_LINE_DEV,
+	SB_DSP_MIC_DEV,
+	SB_DSP_CAPTURE_SOURCE,
+	SB_DSP_CAPTURE_FILT,
+};
+
+static const unsigned char sb16_saved_regs[] = {
+	SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV, SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DSP4_3DSE,
+	SB_DSP4_BASS_DEV, SB_DSP4_BASS_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DSP4_TREBLE_DEV, SB_DSP4_TREBLE_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DSP4_INPUT_LEFT, SB_DSP4_INPUT_RIGHT,
+	SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV, SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW,
+	SB_DSP4_CD_DEV, SB_DSP4_CD_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DSP4_LINE_DEV, SB_DSP4_LINE_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DSP4_MIC_DEV,
+	SB_DSP4_SPEAKER_DEV,
+	SB_DSP4_IGAIN_DEV, SB_DSP4_IGAIN_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DSP4_OGAIN_DEV, SB_DSP4_OGAIN_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DSP4_MIC_AGC
+};
+
+static const unsigned char dt019x_saved_regs[] = {
+	SB_DT019X_MASTER_DEV,
+	SB_DT019X_PCM_DEV,
+	SB_DT019X_SYNTH_DEV,
+	SB_DT019X_CD_DEV,
+	SB_DT019X_MIC_DEV,
+	SB_DT019X_SPKR_DEV,
+	SB_DT019X_LINE_DEV,
+	SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW,
+	SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2,
+	SB_DT019X_CAPTURE_SW,
+};
+
+static const unsigned char als4000_saved_regs[] = {
+	/* please verify in dsheet whether regs to be added
+	   are actually real H/W or just dummy */
+	SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV, SB_DSP4_MASTER_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DSP4_OUTPUT_SW,
+	SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV, SB_DSP4_PCM_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DSP4_INPUT_LEFT, SB_DSP4_INPUT_RIGHT,
+	SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV, SB_DSP4_SYNTH_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DSP4_CD_DEV, SB_DSP4_CD_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DSP4_MIC_DEV,
+	SB_DSP4_SPEAKER_DEV,
+	SB_DSP4_IGAIN_DEV, SB_DSP4_IGAIN_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DSP4_OGAIN_DEV, SB_DSP4_OGAIN_DEV + 1,
+	SB_DT019X_OUTPUT_SW2,
+	SB_ALS4000_MONO_IO_CTRL,
+	SB_ALS4000_MIC_IN_GAIN,
+	SB_ALS4000_FMDAC,
+	SB_ALS4000_3D_SND_FX,
+	SB_ALS4000_3D_TIME_DELAY,
+	SB_ALS4000_CR3_CONFIGURATION,
+};
+
+static void save_mixer(struct snd_sb *chip, const unsigned char *regs, int num_regs)
+{
+	unsigned char *val = chip->saved_regs;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(num_regs > ARRAY_SIZE(chip->saved_regs)))
+		return;
+	for (; num_regs; num_regs--)
+		*val++ = snd_sbmixer_read(chip, *regs++);
+}
+
+static void restore_mixer(struct snd_sb *chip, const unsigned char *regs, int num_regs)
+{
+	unsigned char *val = chip->saved_regs;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(num_regs > ARRAY_SIZE(chip->saved_regs)))
+		return;
+	for (; num_regs; num_regs--)
+		snd_sbmixer_write(chip, *regs++, *val++);
+}
+
+void snd_sbmixer_suspend(struct snd_sb *chip)
+{
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case SB_HW_20:
+	case SB_HW_201:
+		save_mixer(chip, sb20_saved_regs, ARRAY_SIZE(sb20_saved_regs));
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_PRO:
+	case SB_HW_JAZZ16:
+		save_mixer(chip, sbpro_saved_regs, ARRAY_SIZE(sbpro_saved_regs));
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_16:
+	case SB_HW_ALS100:
+	case SB_HW_CS5530:
+		save_mixer(chip, sb16_saved_regs, ARRAY_SIZE(sb16_saved_regs));
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_ALS4000:
+		save_mixer(chip, als4000_saved_regs, ARRAY_SIZE(als4000_saved_regs));
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_DT019X:
+		save_mixer(chip, dt019x_saved_regs, ARRAY_SIZE(dt019x_saved_regs));
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+void snd_sbmixer_resume(struct snd_sb *chip)
+{
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case SB_HW_20:
+	case SB_HW_201:
+		restore_mixer(chip, sb20_saved_regs, ARRAY_SIZE(sb20_saved_regs));
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_PRO:
+	case SB_HW_JAZZ16:
+		restore_mixer(chip, sbpro_saved_regs, ARRAY_SIZE(sbpro_saved_regs));
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_16:
+	case SB_HW_ALS100:
+	case SB_HW_CS5530:
+		restore_mixer(chip, sb16_saved_regs, ARRAY_SIZE(sb16_saved_regs));
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_ALS4000:
+		restore_mixer(chip, als4000_saved_regs, ARRAY_SIZE(als4000_saved_regs));
+		break;
+	case SB_HW_DT019X:
+		restore_mixer(chip, dt019x_saved_regs, ARRAY_SIZE(dt019x_saved_regs));
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/sound/isa/sb/sbawe.c b/sound/isa/sb/sbawe.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1e00a6b4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sb/sbawe.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#define SNDRV_SBAWE
+#include "sb16.c"
diff --git a/sound/isa/sc6000.c b/sound/isa/sc6000.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cd3a63c7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sc6000.c
@@ -0,0 +1,754 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Driver for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard. This card is also known as
+ *  Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
+ *  These cards use CompuMedia ASC-9308 chip + AD1848 codec.
+ *  SC-6600 and SC-7000 cards are also supported. They are based on
+ *  CompuMedia ASC-9408 chip and CS4231 codec.
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 2007 Krzysztof Helt <krzysztof.h1@wp.pl>
+ *
+ *  I don't have documentation for this card. I used the driver
+ *  for OSS/Free included in the kernel source as reference.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/control.h>
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_IRQ
+#define SNDRV_LEGACY_FIND_FREE_DMA
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Krzysztof Helt");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Gallant SC-6000");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	/* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	/* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;	/* Enable this card */
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x220, 0x240 */
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5, 7, 9, 10, 11 */
+static long mss_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* 0x530, 0xe80 */
+static long mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+						/* 0x300, 0x310, 0x320, 0x330 */
+static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;	/* 5, 7, 9, 10, 0 */
+static int dma[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	/* 0, 1, 3 */
+static bool joystick[SNDRV_CARDS] = { [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)] = false };
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for sc-6000 based soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for sc-6000 based soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable sc-6000 based soundcard.");
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for sc-6000 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mss_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mss_port, "MSS Port # for sc-6000 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_port, "MPU-401 port # for sc-6000 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for sc-6000 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_irq, "MPU-401 IRQ # for sc-6000 driver.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma, "DMA # for sc-6000 driver.");
+module_param_array(joystick, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(joystick, "Enable gameport.");
+
+/*
+ * Commands of SC6000's DSP (SBPRO+special).
+ * Some of them are COMMAND_xx, in the future they may change.
+ */
+#define WRITE_MDIRQ_CFG	0x50	/* Set M&I&DRQ mask (the real config)	*/
+#define COMMAND_52	0x52	/*					*/
+#define READ_HARD_CFG	0x58	/* Read Hardware Config (I/O base etc)	*/
+#define COMMAND_5C	0x5c	/*					*/
+#define COMMAND_60	0x60	/*					*/
+#define COMMAND_66	0x66	/*					*/
+#define COMMAND_6C	0x6c	/*					*/
+#define COMMAND_6E	0x6e	/*					*/
+#define COMMAND_88	0x88	/* Unknown command 			*/
+#define DSP_INIT_MSS	0x8c	/* Enable Microsoft Sound System mode	*/
+#define COMMAND_C5	0xc5	/*					*/
+#define GET_DSP_VERSION	0xe1	/* Get DSP Version			*/
+#define GET_DSP_COPYRIGHT 0xe3	/* Get DSP Copyright			*/
+
+/*
+ * Offsets of SC6000 DSP I/O ports. The offset is added to base I/O port
+ * to have the actual I/O port.
+ * Register permissions are:
+ * (wo) == Write Only
+ * (ro) == Read  Only
+ * (w-) == Write
+ * (r-) == Read
+ */
+#define DSP_RESET	0x06	/* offset of DSP RESET		(wo) */
+#define DSP_READ	0x0a	/* offset of DSP READ		(ro) */
+#define DSP_WRITE	0x0c	/* offset of DSP WRITE		(w-) */
+#define DSP_COMMAND	0x0c	/* offset of DSP COMMAND	(w-) */
+#define DSP_STATUS	0x0c	/* offset of DSP STATUS		(r-) */
+#define DSP_DATAVAIL	0x0e	/* offset of DSP DATA AVAILABLE	(ro) */
+
+#define PFX "sc6000: "
+#define DRV_NAME "SC-6000"
+
+struct snd_sc6000 {
+	char __iomem *vport;
+	char __iomem *vmss_port;
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+	u8 mss_config;
+	u8 config;
+	u8 hw_cfg[2];
+	bool old_dsp;
+};
+
+/* hardware dependent functions */
+
+/*
+ * sc6000_irq_to_softcfg - Decode irq number into cfg code.
+ */
+static unsigned char sc6000_irq_to_softcfg(int irq)
+{
+	unsigned char val = 0;
+
+	switch (irq) {
+	case 5:
+		val = 0x28;
+		break;
+	case 7:
+		val = 0x8;
+		break;
+	case 9:
+		val = 0x10;
+		break;
+	case 10:
+		val = 0x18;
+		break;
+	case 11:
+		val = 0x20;
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+	return val;
+}
+
+/*
+ * sc6000_dma_to_softcfg - Decode dma number into cfg code.
+ */
+static unsigned char sc6000_dma_to_softcfg(int dma)
+{
+	unsigned char val = 0;
+
+	switch (dma) {
+	case 0:
+		val = 1;
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		val = 2;
+		break;
+	case 3:
+		val = 3;
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+	return val;
+}
+
+/*
+ * sc6000_mpu_irq_to_softcfg - Decode MPU-401 irq number into cfg code.
+ */
+static unsigned char sc6000_mpu_irq_to_softcfg(int mpu_irq)
+{
+	unsigned char val = 0;
+
+	switch (mpu_irq) {
+	case 5:
+		val = 4;
+		break;
+	case 7:
+		val = 0x44;
+		break;
+	case 9:
+		val = 0x84;
+		break;
+	case 10:
+		val = 0xc4;
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+	return val;
+}
+
+static int sc6000_wait_data(char __iomem *vport)
+{
+	int loop = 1000;
+	unsigned char val = 0;
+
+	do {
+		val = ioread8(vport + DSP_DATAVAIL);
+		if (val & 0x80)
+			return 0;
+		cpu_relax();
+	} while (loop--);
+
+	return -EAGAIN;
+}
+
+static int sc6000_read(char __iomem *vport)
+{
+	if (sc6000_wait_data(vport))
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	return ioread8(vport + DSP_READ);
+
+}
+
+static int sc6000_write(struct device *devptr, char __iomem *vport, int cmd)
+{
+	unsigned char val;
+	int loop = 500000;
+
+	do {
+		val = ioread8(vport + DSP_STATUS);
+		/*
+		 * DSP ready to receive data if bit 7 of val == 0
+		 */
+		if (!(val & 0x80)) {
+			iowrite8(cmd, vport + DSP_COMMAND);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		cpu_relax();
+	} while (loop--);
+
+	dev_err(devptr, "DSP Command (0x%x) timeout.\n", cmd);
+
+	return -EIO;
+}
+
+static int sc6000_dsp_get_answer(struct device *devptr,
+				 char __iomem *vport, int command,
+				 char *data, int data_len)
+{
+	int len = 0;
+
+	if (sc6000_write(devptr, vport, command)) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "CMD 0x%x: failed!\n", command);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	do {
+		int val = sc6000_read(vport);
+
+		if (val < 0)
+			break;
+
+		data[len++] = val;
+
+	} while (len < data_len);
+
+	/*
+	 * If no more data available, return to the caller, no error if len>0.
+	 * We have no other way to know when the string is finished.
+	 */
+	return len ? len : -EIO;
+}
+
+static int sc6000_dsp_reset(char __iomem *vport)
+{
+	iowrite8(1, vport + DSP_RESET);
+	udelay(10);
+	iowrite8(0, vport + DSP_RESET);
+	udelay(20);
+	if (sc6000_read(vport) == 0xaa)
+		return 0;
+	return -ENODEV;
+}
+
+/* detection and initialization */
+static int sc6000_hw_cfg_write(struct device *devptr,
+			       char __iomem *vport, const u8 *cfg)
+{
+	if (sc6000_write(devptr, vport, COMMAND_6C) < 0) {
+		dev_warn(devptr, "CMD 0x%x: failed!\n", COMMAND_6C);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	if (sc6000_write(devptr, vport, COMMAND_5C) < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "CMD 0x%x: failed!\n", COMMAND_5C);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	if (sc6000_write(devptr, vport, cfg[0]) < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "DATA 0x%x: failed!\n", cfg[0]);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	if (sc6000_write(devptr, vport, cfg[1]) < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "DATA 0x%x: failed!\n", cfg[1]);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	if (sc6000_write(devptr, vport, COMMAND_C5) < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "CMD 0x%x: failed!\n", COMMAND_C5);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int sc6000_cfg_write(struct device *devptr,
+			    char __iomem *vport, unsigned char softcfg)
+{
+
+	if (sc6000_write(devptr, vport, WRITE_MDIRQ_CFG)) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "CMD 0x%x: failed!\n", WRITE_MDIRQ_CFG);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	if (sc6000_write(devptr, vport, softcfg)) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "%s: failed!\n", __func__);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int sc6000_setup_board(struct device *devptr,
+			      char __iomem *vport, int config)
+{
+	int loop = 10;
+
+	do {
+		if (sc6000_write(devptr, vport, COMMAND_88)) {
+			dev_err(devptr, "CMD 0x%x: failed!\n",
+				COMMAND_88);
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+	} while ((sc6000_wait_data(vport) < 0) && loop--);
+
+	if (sc6000_read(vport) < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "sc6000_read after CMD 0x%x: failed\n",
+			COMMAND_88);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	if (sc6000_cfg_write(devptr, vport, config))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int sc6000_init_mss(struct device *devptr,
+			   char __iomem *vport, int config,
+			   char __iomem *vmss_port, int mss_config)
+{
+	if (sc6000_write(devptr, vport, DSP_INIT_MSS)) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "%s [0x%x]: failed!\n", __func__,
+			DSP_INIT_MSS);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	msleep(10);
+
+	if (sc6000_cfg_write(devptr, vport, config))
+		return -EIO;
+
+	iowrite8(mss_config, vmss_port);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void sc6000_hw_cfg_encode(struct device *devptr, u8 *cfg,
+				 long xport, long xmpu,
+				 long xmss_port, int joystick)
+{
+	cfg[0] = 0;
+	cfg[1] = 0;
+	if (xport == 0x240)
+		cfg[0] |= 1;
+	if (xmpu != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		cfg[0] |= (xmpu & 0x30) >> 2;
+		cfg[1] |= 0x20;
+	}
+	if (xmss_port == 0xe80)
+		cfg[0] |= 0x10;
+	cfg[0] |= 0x40;		/* always set */
+	if (!joystick)
+		cfg[0] |= 0x02;
+	cfg[1] |= 0x80;		/* enable WSS system */
+	cfg[1] &= ~0x40;	/* disable IDE */
+	dev_dbg(devptr, "hw cfg %x, %x\n", cfg[0], cfg[1]);
+}
+
+static void sc6000_prepare_board(struct device *devptr,
+				 struct snd_sc6000 *sc6000,
+				 unsigned int dev, int xirq, int xdma)
+{
+	sc6000->mss_config = sc6000_irq_to_softcfg(xirq) |
+			     sc6000_dma_to_softcfg(xdma);
+	sc6000->config = sc6000->mss_config |
+			 sc6000_mpu_irq_to_softcfg(mpu_irq[dev]);
+	sc6000_hw_cfg_encode(devptr, sc6000->hw_cfg, port[dev], mpu_port[dev],
+			     mss_port[dev], joystick[dev]);
+}
+
+static void sc6000_detect_old_dsp(struct device *devptr,
+				  struct snd_sc6000 *sc6000)
+{
+	sc6000_write(devptr, sc6000->vport, COMMAND_5C);
+	sc6000->old_dsp = sc6000_read(sc6000->vport) < 0;
+}
+
+static int sc6000_program_board(struct device *devptr,
+				struct snd_sc6000 *sc6000)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if (!sc6000->old_dsp) {
+		if (sc6000_hw_cfg_write(devptr, sc6000->vport,
+					sc6000->hw_cfg) < 0) {
+			dev_err(devptr, "sc6000_hw_cfg_write: failed!\n");
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = sc6000_setup_board(devptr, sc6000->vport, sc6000->config);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "sc6000_setup_board: failed!\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	sc6000_dsp_reset(sc6000->vport);
+
+	if (!sc6000->old_dsp) {
+		sc6000_write(devptr, sc6000->vport, COMMAND_60);
+		sc6000_write(devptr, sc6000->vport, 0x02);
+		sc6000_dsp_reset(sc6000->vport);
+	}
+
+	err = sc6000_setup_board(devptr, sc6000->vport, sc6000->config);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "sc6000_setup_board: failed!\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	err = sc6000_init_mss(devptr, sc6000->vport, sc6000->config,
+			      sc6000->vmss_port, sc6000->mss_config);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "Cannot initialize Microsoft Sound System mode.\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int sc6000_init_board(struct device *devptr, struct snd_sc6000 *sc6000)
+{
+	char answer[15];
+	char version[2];
+	int err;
+
+	err = sc6000_dsp_reset(sc6000->vport);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "sc6000_dsp_reset: failed!\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	memset(answer, 0, sizeof(answer));
+	err = sc6000_dsp_get_answer(devptr, sc6000->vport, GET_DSP_COPYRIGHT,
+				    answer, 15);
+	if (err <= 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "sc6000_dsp_copyright: failed!\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * My SC-6000 card return "SC-6000" in DSPCopyright, so
+	 * if we have something different, we have to be warned.
+	 */
+	if (strncmp("SC-6000", answer, 7))
+		dev_warn(devptr, "Warning: non SC-6000 audio card!\n");
+
+	if (sc6000_dsp_get_answer(devptr, sc6000->vport,
+				  GET_DSP_VERSION, version, 2) < 2) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "sc6000_dsp_version: failed!\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+	dev_info(devptr, "Detected model: %s, DSP version %d.%d\n",
+		answer, version[0], version[1]);
+
+	sc6000_detect_old_dsp(devptr, sc6000);
+
+	return sc6000_program_board(devptr, sc6000);
+}
+
+static int snd_sc6000_mixer(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_id id1, id2;
+	int err;
+
+	memset(&id1, 0, sizeof(id1));
+	memset(&id2, 0, sizeof(id2));
+	id1.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+	id2.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+	/* reassign AUX0 to FM */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch");
+	strscpy(id2.name, "FM Playback Switch");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
+	strscpy(id2.name, "FM Playback Volume");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	/* reassign AUX1 to CD */
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Switch"); id1.index = 1;
+	strscpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Switch");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	strscpy(id1.name, "Aux Playback Volume");
+	strscpy(id2.name, "CD Playback Volume");
+	err = snd_ctl_rename_id(card, &id1, &id2);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sc6000_match(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	if (!enable[dev])
+		return 0;
+	if (port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "specify IO port\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (mss_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "specify MSS port\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (port[dev] != 0x220 && port[dev] != 0x240) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "Port must be 0x220 or 0x240\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (mss_port[dev] != 0x530 && mss_port[dev] != 0xe80) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "MSS port must be 0x530 or 0xe80\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (irq[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ && !sc6000_irq_to_softcfg(irq[dev])) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "invalid IRQ %d\n", irq[dev]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (dma[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_DMA && !sc6000_dma_to_softcfg(dma[dev])) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "invalid DMA %d\n", dma[dev]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT &&
+	    (mpu_port[dev] & ~0x30L) != 0x300) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "invalid MPU-401 port %lx\n",
+			mpu_port[dev]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT &&
+	    mpu_irq[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ && mpu_irq[dev] != 0 &&
+	    !sc6000_mpu_irq_to_softcfg(mpu_irq[dev])) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "invalid MPU-401 IRQ %d\n", mpu_irq[dev]);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void snd_sc6000_free(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct snd_sc6000 *sc6000 = card->private_data;
+
+	if (sc6000->vport)
+		sc6000_setup_board(card->dev, sc6000->vport, 0);
+}
+
+static int __snd_sc6000_probe(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	static const int possible_irqs[] = { 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, -1 };
+	static const int possible_dmas[] = { 1, 3, 0, -1 };
+	int err;
+	int xirq = irq[dev];
+	int xdma = dma[dev];
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct snd_sc6000 *sc6000;
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+	struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+	char __iomem *vport;
+	char __iomem *vmss_port;
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(devptr, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(*sc6000), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	sc6000 = card->private_data;
+
+	if (xirq == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ) {
+		xirq = snd_legacy_find_free_irq(possible_irqs);
+		if (xirq < 0) {
+			dev_err(devptr, "unable to find a free IRQ\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (xdma == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		xdma = snd_legacy_find_free_dma(possible_dmas);
+		if (xdma < 0) {
+			dev_err(devptr, "unable to find a free DMA\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!devm_request_region(devptr, port[dev], 0x10, DRV_NAME)) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "I/O port region is already in use.\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	vport = devm_ioport_map(devptr, port[dev], 0x10);
+	if (!vport) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "I/O port cannot be iomapped.\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	sc6000->vport = vport;
+
+	/* to make it marked as used */
+	if (!devm_request_region(devptr, mss_port[dev], 4, DRV_NAME)) {
+		dev_err(devptr,
+			"SC-6000 port I/O port region is already in use.\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	vmss_port = devm_ioport_map(devptr, mss_port[dev], 4);
+	if (!vmss_port) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "MSS port I/O cannot be iomapped.\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	sc6000->vmss_port = vmss_port;
+
+	dev_dbg(devptr, "Initializing BASE[0x%lx] IRQ[%d] DMA[%d] MIRQ[%d]\n",
+		port[dev], xirq, xdma,
+		mpu_irq[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ ? 0 : mpu_irq[dev]);
+
+	sc6000_prepare_board(devptr, sc6000, dev, xirq, xdma);
+
+	err = sc6000_init_board(devptr, sc6000);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	card->private_free = snd_sc6000_free;
+
+	err = snd_wss_create(card, mss_port[dev] + 4,  -1, xirq, xdma, -1,
+			     WSS_HW_DETECT, 0, &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	sc6000->chip = chip;
+
+	err = snd_wss_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "error creating new WSS PCM device\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	err = snd_wss_mixer(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "error creating new WSS mixer\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	err = snd_sc6000_mixer(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "the mixer rewrite failed\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	if (snd_opl3_create(card,
+			    0x388, 0x388 + 2,
+			    OPL3_HW_AUTO, 0, &opl3) < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "no OPL device at 0x%x-0x%x ?\n",
+			0x388, 0x388 + 2);
+	} else {
+		err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, 0, 1, NULL);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	if (mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		if (mpu_irq[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ)
+			mpu_irq[dev] = -1;
+		if (snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, 0,
+					MPU401_HW_MPU401,
+					mpu_port[dev], 0,
+					mpu_irq[dev], NULL) < 0)
+			dev_err(devptr, "no MPU-401 device at 0x%lx ?\n",
+				mpu_port[dev]);
+	}
+
+	strscpy(card->driver, DRV_NAME);
+	strscpy(card->shortname, "SC-6000");
+	sprintf(card->longname, "Gallant SC-6000 at 0x%lx, irq %d, dma %d",
+		mss_port[dev], xirq, xdma);
+
+	err = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	dev_set_drvdata(devptr, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sc6000_probe(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	return snd_card_free_on_error(devptr, __snd_sc6000_probe(devptr, dev));
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_sc6000_suspend(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev,
+			      pm_message_t state)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(devptr);
+	struct snd_sc6000 *sc6000 = card->private_data;
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	sc6000->chip->suspend(sc6000->chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sc6000_resume(struct device *devptr, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(devptr);
+	struct snd_sc6000 *sc6000 = card->private_data;
+	int err;
+
+	err = sc6000_dsp_reset(sc6000->vport);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(devptr, "sc6000_dsp_reset: failed!\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	err = sc6000_program_board(devptr, sc6000);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	sc6000->chip->resume(sc6000->chip);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_sc6000_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_sc6000_match,
+	.probe		= snd_sc6000_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_sc6000_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_sc6000_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DRV_NAME,
+	},
+};
+
+
+module_isa_driver(snd_sc6000_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
diff --git a/sound/isa/sscape.c b/sound/isa/sscape.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9b615b588
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/sscape.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1402 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *   Low-level ALSA driver for the ENSONIQ SoundScape
+ *   Copyright (c) by Chris Rankin
+ *
+ *   This driver was written in part using information obtained from
+ *   the OSS/Free SoundScape driver, written by Hannu Savolainen.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/firmware.h>
+#include <linux/pnp.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/mpu401.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Chris Rankin");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ENSONIQ SoundScape driver");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_FIRMWARE("sndscape.co0");
+MODULE_FIRMWARE("sndscape.co1");
+MODULE_FIRMWARE("sndscape.co2");
+MODULE_FIRMWARE("sndscape.co3");
+MODULE_FIRMWARE("sndscape.co4");
+MODULE_FIRMWARE("scope.cod");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;
+static char* id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;
+static long port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static long wss_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;
+static int irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+static int mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;
+static int dma[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;
+static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;
+static bool joystick[SNDRV_CARDS];
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index number for SoundScape soundcard");
+
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "Description for SoundScape card");
+
+module_param_hw_array(port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(port, "Port # for SoundScape driver.");
+
+module_param_hw_array(wss_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(wss_port, "WSS Port # for SoundScape driver.");
+
+module_param_hw_array(irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(irq, "IRQ # for SoundScape driver.");
+
+module_param_hw_array(mpu_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_irq, "MPU401 IRQ # for SoundScape driver.");
+
+module_param_hw_array(dma, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma, "DMA # for SoundScape driver.");
+
+module_param_hw_array(dma2, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "DMA2 # for SoundScape driver.");
+
+module_param_array(joystick, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(joystick, "Enable gameport.");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int isa_registered __ro_after_init;
+static int pnp_registered __ro_after_init;
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id sscape_pnpids[] = {
+	{ .id = "ENS3081", .devs = { { "ENS0000" } } }, /* Soundscape PnP */
+	{ .id = "ENS4081", .devs = { { "ENS1011" } } },	/* VIVO90 */
+	{ .id = "" }	/* end */
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, sscape_pnpids);
+#endif
+
+
+#define HOST_CTRL_IO(i)  ((i) + 2)
+#define HOST_DATA_IO(i)  ((i) + 3)
+#define ODIE_ADDR_IO(i)  ((i) + 4)
+#define ODIE_DATA_IO(i)  ((i) + 5)
+#define CODEC_IO(i)      ((i) + 8)
+
+#define IC_ODIE  1
+#define IC_OPUS  2
+
+#define RX_READY 0x01
+#define TX_READY 0x02
+
+#define CMD_ACK			0x80
+#define CMD_SET_MIDI_VOL	0x84
+#define CMD_GET_MIDI_VOL	0x85
+#define CMD_XXX_MIDI_VOL	0x86
+#define CMD_SET_EXTMIDI		0x8a
+#define CMD_GET_EXTMIDI		0x8b
+#define CMD_SET_MT32		0x8c
+#define CMD_GET_MT32		0x8d
+
+enum GA_REG {
+	GA_INTSTAT_REG = 0,
+	GA_INTENA_REG,
+	GA_DMAA_REG,
+	GA_DMAB_REG,
+	GA_INTCFG_REG,
+	GA_DMACFG_REG,
+	GA_CDCFG_REG,
+	GA_SMCFGA_REG,
+	GA_SMCFGB_REG,
+	GA_HMCTL_REG
+};
+
+#define DMA_8BIT  0x80
+
+
+enum card_type {
+	MEDIA_FX,	/* Sequoia S-1000 */
+	SSCAPE,		/* Sequoia S-2000 */
+	SSCAPE_PNP,
+	SSCAPE_VIVO,
+};
+
+struct soundscape {
+	spinlock_t lock;
+	unsigned io_base;
+	unsigned long wss_base;
+	int irq;
+	int mpu_irq;
+	int dma1;
+	int dma2;
+	int ic_type;
+	enum card_type type;
+	struct resource *io_res;
+	struct resource *wss_res;
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+
+	unsigned char midi_vol;
+	bool joystick;
+	bool midi_enabled;
+	struct device *dev;
+};
+
+#define INVALID_IRQ  ((unsigned)-1)
+
+
+static inline struct soundscape *get_card_soundscape(struct snd_card *c)
+{
+	return (struct soundscape *) (c->private_data);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Store the resolved board settings in the per-card state so that
+ * the same configuration can be replayed later if necessary.
+ */
+static void sscape_store_settings(struct soundscape *sscape, int dev)
+{
+	sscape->io_base = port[dev];
+	sscape->wss_base = wss_port[dev];
+	sscape->irq = irq[dev];
+	sscape->mpu_irq = mpu_irq[dev];
+	sscape->dma1 = dma[dev];
+	sscape->dma2 = dma2[dev];
+	sscape->joystick = joystick[dev];
+}
+
+/*
+ * Allocates some kernel memory that we can use for DMA.
+ * I think this means that the memory has to map to
+ * contiguous pages of physical memory.
+ */
+static struct snd_dma_buffer *get_dmabuf(struct soundscape *s,
+					 struct snd_dma_buffer *buf,
+					 unsigned long size)
+{
+	if (buf) {
+		if (snd_dma_alloc_pages_fallback(SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV,
+						 s->chip->card->dev,
+						 size, buf) < 0) {
+			dev_err(s->dev,
+				"sscape: Failed to allocate %lu bytes for DMA\n",
+				size);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return buf;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Release the DMA-able kernel memory ...
+ */
+static void free_dmabuf(struct snd_dma_buffer *buf)
+{
+	if (buf && buf->area)
+		snd_dma_free_pages(buf);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function writes to the SoundScape's control registers,
+ * but doesn't do any locking. It's up to the caller to do that.
+ * This is why this function is "unsafe" ...
+ */
+static inline void sscape_write_unsafe(unsigned io_base, enum GA_REG reg,
+				       unsigned char val)
+{
+	outb(reg, ODIE_ADDR_IO(io_base));
+	outb(val, ODIE_DATA_IO(io_base));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Write to the SoundScape's control registers, and do the
+ * necessary locking ...
+ */
+static void sscape_write(struct soundscape *s, enum GA_REG reg,
+			 unsigned char val)
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&s->lock);
+	sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, reg, val);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read from the SoundScape's control registers, but leave any
+ * locking to the caller. This is why the function is "unsafe" ...
+ */
+static inline unsigned char sscape_read_unsafe(unsigned io_base,
+					       enum GA_REG reg)
+{
+	outb(reg, ODIE_ADDR_IO(io_base));
+	return inb(ODIE_DATA_IO(io_base));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Puts the SoundScape into "host" mode, as compared to "MIDI" mode
+ */
+static inline void set_host_mode_unsafe(unsigned io_base)
+{
+	outb(0x0, HOST_CTRL_IO(io_base));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Puts the SoundScape into "MIDI" mode, as compared to "host" mode
+ */
+static inline void set_midi_mode_unsafe(unsigned io_base)
+{
+	outb(0x3, HOST_CTRL_IO(io_base));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read the SoundScape's host-mode control register, but leave
+ * any locking issues to the caller ...
+ */
+static inline int host_read_unsafe(unsigned io_base)
+{
+	int data = -1;
+	if ((inb(HOST_CTRL_IO(io_base)) & RX_READY) != 0)
+		data = inb(HOST_DATA_IO(io_base));
+
+	return data;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read the SoundScape's host-mode control register, performing
+ * a limited amount of busy-waiting if the register isn't ready.
+ * Also leaves all locking-issues to the caller ...
+ */
+static int host_read_ctrl_unsafe(unsigned io_base, unsigned timeout)
+{
+	int data;
+
+	while (((data = host_read_unsafe(io_base)) < 0) && (timeout != 0)) {
+		udelay(100);
+		--timeout;
+	} /* while */
+
+	return data;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Write to the SoundScape's host-mode control registers, but
+ * leave any locking issues to the caller. Returns true if
+ * the write succeeded.
+ */
+static inline bool host_write_unsafe(unsigned int io_base, unsigned char data)
+{
+	if ((inb(HOST_CTRL_IO(io_base)) & TX_READY) != 0) {
+		outb(data, HOST_DATA_IO(io_base));
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Write to the SoundScape's host-mode control registers, performing
+ * a limited amount of busy-waiting if the register isn't ready.
+ * Also leaves all locking-issues to the caller. Returns true if
+ * the write succeeded before timing out.
+ */
+static bool host_write_ctrl_unsafe(unsigned int io_base, unsigned char data,
+				   unsigned int timeout)
+{
+	bool written;
+
+	while (!(written = host_write_unsafe(io_base, data)) && timeout != 0) {
+		udelay(100);
+		--timeout;
+	} /* while */
+
+	return written;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Check that the MIDI subsystem is operational. If it isn't,
+ * then we will hang the computer if we try to use it ...
+ *
+ * NOTE: This check is based upon observation, not documentation.
+ */
+static inline int verify_mpu401(const struct snd_mpu401 *mpu)
+{
+	return ((inb(MPU401C(mpu)) & 0xc0) == 0x80);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is apparently the standard way to initialise an MPU-401
+ */
+static inline void initialise_mpu401(const struct snd_mpu401 *mpu)
+{
+	outb(0, MPU401D(mpu));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Tell the SoundScape to activate the AD1845 chip (I think).
+ * The AD1845 detection fails if we *don't* do this, so I
+ * think that this is a good idea ...
+ */
+static void activate_ad1845_unsafe(unsigned io_base)
+{
+	unsigned char val = sscape_read_unsafe(io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG);
+	sscape_write_unsafe(io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG, (val & 0xcf) | 0x10);
+	sscape_write_unsafe(io_base, GA_CDCFG_REG, 0x80);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Tell the SoundScape to begin a DMA transfer using the given channel.
+ * All locking issues are left to the caller.
+ */
+static void sscape_start_dma_unsafe(unsigned io_base, enum GA_REG reg)
+{
+	sscape_write_unsafe(io_base, reg,
+			    sscape_read_unsafe(io_base, reg) | 0x01);
+	sscape_write_unsafe(io_base, reg,
+			    sscape_read_unsafe(io_base, reg) & 0xfe);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Wait for a DMA transfer to complete. This is a "limited busy-wait",
+ * and all locking issues are left to the caller.
+ */
+static int sscape_wait_dma_unsafe(unsigned io_base, enum GA_REG reg,
+				  unsigned timeout)
+{
+	while (!(sscape_read_unsafe(io_base, reg) & 0x01) && (timeout != 0)) {
+		udelay(100);
+		--timeout;
+	} /* while */
+
+	return sscape_read_unsafe(io_base, reg) & 0x01;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Wait for the On-Board Processor to return its start-up
+ * acknowledgement sequence. This wait is too long for
+ * us to perform "busy-waiting", and so we must sleep.
+ * This in turn means that we must not be holding any
+ * spinlocks when we call this function.
+ */
+static int obp_startup_ack(struct soundscape *s, unsigned timeout)
+{
+	unsigned long end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(timeout);
+
+	do {
+		int x;
+
+		scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &s->lock) {
+			x = host_read_unsafe(s->io_base);
+		}
+		if (x == 0xfe || x == 0xff)
+			return 1;
+
+		msleep(10);
+	} while (time_before(jiffies, end_time));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Wait for the host to return its start-up acknowledgement
+ * sequence. This wait is too long for us to perform
+ * "busy-waiting", and so we must sleep. This in turn means
+ * that we must not be holding any spinlocks when we call
+ * this function.
+ */
+static int host_startup_ack(struct soundscape *s, unsigned timeout)
+{
+	unsigned long end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(timeout);
+
+	do {
+		int x;
+
+		scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &s->lock) {
+			x = host_read_unsafe(s->io_base);
+		}
+		if (x == 0xfe)
+			return 1;
+
+		msleep(10);
+	} while (time_before(jiffies, end_time));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Upload a byte-stream into the SoundScape using DMA channel A.
+ */
+static int upload_dma_data(struct soundscape *s, const unsigned char *data,
+			   size_t size)
+{
+	struct snd_dma_buffer dma;
+	int ret;
+	unsigned char val;
+
+	if (!get_dmabuf(s, &dma, PAGE_ALIGN(32 * 1024)))
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &s->lock) {
+
+		/*
+		 * Reset the board ...
+		 */
+		val = sscape_read_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG);
+		sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG, val & 0x3f);
+
+		/*
+		 * Enable the DMA channels and configure them ...
+		 */
+		val = (s->chip->dma1 << 4) | DMA_8BIT;
+		sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_DMAA_REG, val);
+		sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_DMAB_REG, 0x20);
+
+		/*
+		 * Take the board out of reset ...
+		 */
+		val = sscape_read_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG);
+		sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG, val | 0x80);
+
+		/*
+		 * Upload the firmware to the SoundScape
+		 * board through the DMA channel ...
+		 */
+		while (size != 0) {
+			unsigned long len;
+
+			len = min(size, dma.bytes);
+			memcpy(dma.area, data, len);
+			data += len;
+			size -= len;
+
+			snd_dma_program(s->chip->dma1, dma.addr, len, DMA_MODE_WRITE);
+			sscape_start_dma_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_DMAA_REG);
+			if (!sscape_wait_dma_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_DMAA_REG, 5000)) {
+				dev_err(s->dev, "sscape: DMA upload has timed out\n");
+				ret = -EAGAIN;
+				goto _release_dma;
+			}
+		} /* while */
+
+		set_host_mode_unsafe(s->io_base);
+		outb(0x0, s->io_base);
+
+		/*
+		 * Boot the board ... (I think)
+		 */
+		val = sscape_read_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG);
+		sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG, val | 0x40);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If all has gone well, then the board should acknowledge
+	 * the new upload and tell us that it has rebooted OK. We
+	 * give it 5 seconds (max) ...
+	 */
+	ret = 0;
+	if (!obp_startup_ack(s, 5000)) {
+		dev_err(s->dev,
+			"sscape: No response from on-board processor after upload\n");
+		ret = -EAGAIN;
+	} else if (!host_startup_ack(s, 5000)) {
+		dev_err(s->dev, "sscape: SoundScape failed to initialise\n");
+		ret = -EAGAIN;
+	}
+
+_release_dma:
+	/*
+	 * NOTE!!! We are NOT holding any spinlocks at this point !!!
+	 */
+	sscape_write(s, GA_DMAA_REG, (s->ic_type == IC_OPUS ? 0x40 : 0x70));
+	free_dmabuf(&dma);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Upload the bootblock(?) into the SoundScape. The only
+ * purpose of this block of code seems to be to tell
+ * us which version of the microcode we should be using.
+ */
+static int sscape_upload_bootblock(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct soundscape *sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
+	const struct firmware *init_fw __free(firmware) = NULL;
+	int data = 0;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = request_firmware(&init_fw, "scope.cod", card->dev);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "sscape: Error loading scope.cod");
+		return ret;
+	}
+	ret = upload_dma_data(sscape, init_fw->data, init_fw->size);
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&sscape->lock);
+	if (ret == 0)
+		data = host_read_ctrl_unsafe(sscape->io_base, 100);
+
+	if (data & 0x10)
+		sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_SMCFGA_REG, 0x2f);
+
+	data &= 0xf;
+	if (ret == 0 && data > 7) {
+		dev_err(card->dev,
+			"sscape: timeout reading firmware version\n");
+		ret = -EAGAIN;
+	}
+
+	return (ret == 0) ? data : ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Upload the microcode into the SoundScape.
+ */
+static int sscape_upload_microcode(struct snd_card *card, int version)
+{
+	struct soundscape *sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
+	const struct firmware *init_fw __free(firmware) = NULL;
+	char name[14];
+	int err;
+
+	scnprintf(name, sizeof(name), "sndscape.co%d", version);
+
+	err = request_firmware(&init_fw, name, card->dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "sscape: Error loading sndscape.co%d",
+			version);
+		return err;
+	}
+	err = upload_dma_data(sscape, init_fw->data, init_fw->size);
+	if (err == 0)
+		dev_info(card->dev, "sscape: MIDI firmware loaded %zu KBs\n",
+			 init_fw->size >> 10);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Restore the SoundScape's MIDI control state after the firmware
+ * upload has made the host interface available again.
+ */
+static int sscape_restore_midi_state(struct soundscape *sscape)
+{
+	bool success;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&sscape->lock);
+	set_host_mode_unsafe(sscape->io_base);
+
+	success = host_write_ctrl_unsafe(sscape->io_base, CMD_SET_MIDI_VOL, 100) &&
+		  host_write_ctrl_unsafe(sscape->io_base, sscape->midi_vol, 100) &&
+		  host_write_ctrl_unsafe(sscape->io_base, CMD_XXX_MIDI_VOL, 100) &&
+		  host_write_ctrl_unsafe(sscape->io_base, sscape->midi_vol, 100) &&
+		  host_write_ctrl_unsafe(sscape->io_base, CMD_SET_EXTMIDI, 100) &&
+		  host_write_ctrl_unsafe(sscape->io_base, 0, 100) &&
+		  host_write_ctrl_unsafe(sscape->io_base, CMD_ACK, 100);
+
+	set_midi_mode_unsafe(sscape->io_base);
+
+	return success ? 0 : -EIO;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Mixer control for the SoundScape's MIDI device.
+ */
+static int sscape_midi_info(struct snd_kcontrol *ctl,
+			    struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 127;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int sscape_midi_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+			   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *uctl)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kctl);
+	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
+	register struct soundscape *s = get_card_soundscape(card);
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&s->lock);
+	uctl->value.integer.value[0] = s->midi_vol;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int sscape_midi_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+			   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *uctl)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kctl);
+	struct snd_card *card = chip->card;
+	struct soundscape *s = get_card_soundscape(card);
+	int change;
+	unsigned char new_val;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&s->lock);
+
+	new_val = uctl->value.integer.value[0] & 127;
+	/*
+	 * We need to put the board into HOST mode before we
+	 * can send any volume-changing HOST commands ...
+	 */
+	set_host_mode_unsafe(s->io_base);
+
+	/*
+	 * To successfully change the MIDI volume setting, you seem to
+	 * have to write a volume command, write the new volume value,
+	 * and then perform another volume-related command. Perhaps the
+	 * first command is an "open" and the second command is a "close"?
+	 */
+	if (s->midi_vol == new_val) {
+		change = 0;
+		goto __skip_change;
+	}
+	change = host_write_ctrl_unsafe(s->io_base, CMD_SET_MIDI_VOL, 100)
+		 && host_write_ctrl_unsafe(s->io_base, new_val, 100)
+		 && host_write_ctrl_unsafe(s->io_base, CMD_XXX_MIDI_VOL, 100)
+		 && host_write_ctrl_unsafe(s->io_base, new_val, 100);
+	s->midi_vol = new_val;
+__skip_change:
+
+	/*
+	 * Take the board out of HOST mode and back into MIDI mode ...
+	 */
+	set_midi_mode_unsafe(s->io_base);
+
+	return change;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new midi_mixer_ctl = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "MIDI",
+	.info = sscape_midi_info,
+	.get = sscape_midi_get,
+	.put = sscape_midi_put
+};
+
+/*
+ * The SoundScape can use two IRQs from a possible set of four.
+ * These IRQs are encoded as bit patterns so that they can be
+ * written to the control registers.
+ */
+static unsigned get_irq_config(int sscape_type, int irq)
+{
+	static const int valid_irq[] = { 9, 5, 7, 10 };
+	static const int old_irq[] = { 9, 7, 5, 15 };
+	unsigned cfg;
+
+	if (sscape_type == MEDIA_FX) {
+		for (cfg = 0; cfg < ARRAY_SIZE(old_irq); ++cfg)
+			if (irq == old_irq[cfg])
+				return cfg;
+	} else {
+		for (cfg = 0; cfg < ARRAY_SIZE(valid_irq); ++cfg)
+			if (irq == valid_irq[cfg])
+				return cfg;
+	}
+
+	return INVALID_IRQ;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Program the SoundScape's board-specific routing and enable the
+ * codec path using the resolved IRQ, DMA and joystick settings.
+ */
+static int sscape_configure_board(struct soundscape *sscape)
+{
+	unsigned int dma_cfg;
+	unsigned int irq_cfg;
+	unsigned int mpu_irq_cfg;
+	int val;
+
+	irq_cfg = get_irq_config(sscape->type, sscape->irq);
+	if (irq_cfg == INVALID_IRQ)
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	mpu_irq_cfg = get_irq_config(sscape->type, sscape->mpu_irq);
+	if (mpu_irq_cfg == INVALID_IRQ)
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &sscape->lock) {
+		if (sscape->ic_type == IC_OPUS)
+			activate_ad1845_unsafe(sscape->io_base);
+
+		sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_SMCFGA_REG, 0x2e);
+		sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_SMCFGB_REG, 0x00);
+
+		/*
+		 * Enable and configure the DMA channels ...
+		 */
+		sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_DMACFG_REG, 0x50);
+		dma_cfg = (sscape->ic_type == IC_OPUS ? 0x40 : 0x70);
+		sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_DMAA_REG, dma_cfg);
+		sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_DMAB_REG, 0x20);
+
+		mpu_irq_cfg |= mpu_irq_cfg << 2;
+		val = sscape_read_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG) & 0xf7;
+		if (sscape->joystick)
+			val |= 0x08;
+		sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG, val | 0xd0);
+		sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_INTCFG_REG,
+				    0xf0 | mpu_irq_cfg);
+		sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_CDCFG_REG,
+				    0x09 | DMA_8BIT |
+				    (sscape->dma1 << 4) | (irq_cfg << 1));
+		/*
+		 * Enable the master IRQ ...
+		 */
+		sscape_write_unsafe(sscape->io_base, GA_INTENA_REG, 0x80);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Perform certain arcane port-checks to see whether there
+ * is a SoundScape board lurking behind the given ports.
+ */
+static int detect_sscape(struct soundscape *s, long wss_io)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	unsigned d;
+	int retval = 0;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
+
+	/*
+	 * The following code is lifted from the original OSS driver,
+	 * and as I don't have a datasheet I cannot really comment
+	 * on what it is doing...
+	 */
+	if ((inb(HOST_CTRL_IO(s->io_base)) & 0x78) != 0)
+		goto _done;
+
+	d = inb(ODIE_ADDR_IO(s->io_base)) & 0xf0;
+	if ((d & 0x80) != 0)
+		goto _done;
+
+	if (d == 0)
+		s->ic_type = IC_ODIE;
+	else if ((d & 0x60) != 0)
+		s->ic_type = IC_OPUS;
+	else
+		goto _done;
+
+	outb(0xfa, ODIE_ADDR_IO(s->io_base));
+	if ((inb(ODIE_ADDR_IO(s->io_base)) & 0x9f) != 0x0a)
+		goto _done;
+
+	outb(0xfe, ODIE_ADDR_IO(s->io_base));
+	if ((inb(ODIE_ADDR_IO(s->io_base)) & 0x9f) != 0x0e)
+		goto _done;
+
+	outb(0xfe, ODIE_ADDR_IO(s->io_base));
+	d = inb(ODIE_DATA_IO(s->io_base));
+	if (s->type != SSCAPE_VIVO && (d & 0x9f) != 0x0e)
+		goto _done;
+
+	if (s->ic_type == IC_OPUS)
+		activate_ad1845_unsafe(s->io_base);
+
+	if (s->type == SSCAPE_VIVO)
+		wss_io += 4;
+
+	d  = sscape_read_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG);
+	sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG, d | 0xc0);
+
+	/* wait for WSS codec */
+	for (d = 0; d < 500; d++) {
+		if ((inb(wss_io) & 0x80) == 0)
+			break;
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
+		msleep(1);
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
+	}
+
+	if ((inb(wss_io) & 0x80) != 0)
+		goto _done;
+
+	if (inb(wss_io + 2) == 0xff)
+		goto _done;
+
+	d  = sscape_read_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG) & 0x3f;
+	sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG, d);
+
+	if ((inb(wss_io) & 0x80) != 0)
+		s->type = MEDIA_FX;
+
+	d = sscape_read_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG);
+	sscape_write_unsafe(s->io_base, GA_HMCTL_REG, d | 0xc0);
+	/* wait for WSS codec */
+	for (d = 0; d < 500; d++) {
+		if ((inb(wss_io) & 0x80) == 0)
+			break;
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
+		msleep(1);
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&s->lock, flags);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * SoundScape successfully detected!
+	 */
+	retval = 1;
+
+_done:
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&s->lock, flags);
+	return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ALSA callback function, called when attempting to open the MIDI device.
+ * Check that the MIDI firmware has been loaded, because we don't want
+ * to crash the machine. Also check that someone isn't using the hardware
+ * IOCTL device.
+ */
+static int mpu401_open(struct snd_mpu401 *mpu)
+{
+	if (!verify_mpu401(mpu)) {
+		dev_err(mpu->rmidi->card->dev,
+			"sscape: MIDI disabled, please load firmware\n");
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialise an MPU-401 subdevice for MIDI support on the SoundScape.
+ */
+static int create_mpu401(struct snd_card *card, int devnum,
+			 unsigned long port, int irq)
+{
+	struct soundscape *sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rawmidi;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, devnum, MPU401_HW_MPU401, port,
+				  MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED, irq, &rawmidi);
+	if (err == 0) {
+		struct snd_mpu401 *mpu = rawmidi->private_data;
+		mpu->open_input = mpu401_open;
+		mpu->open_output = mpu401_open;
+		mpu->private_data = sscape;
+
+		initialise_mpu401(mpu);
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Create an AD1845 PCM subdevice on the SoundScape. The AD1845
+ * is very much like a CS4231, with a few extra bits. We will
+ * try to support at least some of the extra bits by overriding
+ * some of the CS4231 callback.
+ */
+static int create_ad1845(struct snd_card *card, unsigned port,
+			 int irq, int dma1, int dma2)
+{
+	register struct soundscape *sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+	int err;
+	int codec_type = WSS_HW_DETECT;
+
+	switch (sscape->type) {
+	case MEDIA_FX:
+	case SSCAPE:
+		/*
+		 * There are some freak examples of early Soundscape cards
+		 * with CS4231 instead of AD1848/CS4248. Unfortunately, the
+		 * CS4231 works only in CS4248 compatibility mode on
+		 * these cards so force it.
+		 */
+		if (sscape->ic_type != IC_OPUS)
+			codec_type = WSS_HW_AD1848;
+		break;
+
+	case SSCAPE_VIVO:
+		port += 4;
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_wss_create(card, port, -1, irq, dma1, dma2,
+			     codec_type, WSS_HWSHARE_DMA1, &chip);
+	if (!err) {
+		if (sscape->type != SSCAPE_VIVO) {
+			/*
+			 * The input clock frequency on the SoundScape must
+			 * be 14.31818 MHz, because we must set this register
+			 * to get the playback to sound correct ...
+			 */
+			snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
+			scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+				snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_CLOCK, 0x20);
+			}
+			snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+
+		}
+
+		err = snd_wss_pcm(chip, 0);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev,
+				"sscape: No PCM device for AD1845 chip\n");
+			goto _error;
+		}
+
+		err = snd_wss_mixer(chip);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev,
+				"sscape: No mixer device for AD1845 chip\n");
+			goto _error;
+		}
+		if (chip->hardware != WSS_HW_AD1848) {
+			err = snd_wss_timer(chip, 0);
+			if (err < 0) {
+				dev_err(card->dev,
+					"sscape: No timer device for AD1845 chip\n");
+				goto _error;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (sscape->type != SSCAPE_VIVO) {
+			err = snd_ctl_add(card,
+					  snd_ctl_new1(&midi_mixer_ctl, chip));
+			if (err < 0) {
+				dev_err(card->dev,
+					"sscape: Could not create MIDI mixer control\n");
+				goto _error;
+			}
+		}
+
+		sscape->chip = chip;
+	}
+
+_error:
+	return err;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Create an ALSA soundcard entry for the SoundScape, using
+ * the resolved port, IRQ and DMA resources.
+ */
+static int create_sscape(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct soundscape *sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
+	struct resource *io_res;
+	struct resource *wss_res;
+	int err;
+	const char *name;
+
+	/*
+	 * Grab IO ports that we will need to probe so that we
+	 * can detect and control this hardware ...
+	 */
+	io_res = devm_request_region(card->dev, sscape->io_base, 8, "SoundScape");
+	if (!io_res) {
+		dev_err(card->dev,
+			"sscape: can't grab port 0x%x\n", sscape->io_base);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	wss_res = NULL;
+	if (sscape->type == SSCAPE_VIVO) {
+		wss_res = devm_request_region(card->dev, sscape->wss_base, 4,
+					      "SoundScape");
+		if (!wss_res) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "sscape: can't grab port 0x%lx\n",
+				sscape->wss_base);
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Grab one DMA channel ...
+	 */
+	err = snd_devm_request_dma(card->dev, sscape->dma1, "SoundScape");
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "sscape: can't grab DMA %d\n", sscape->dma1);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	spin_lock_init(&sscape->lock);
+	sscape->io_res = io_res;
+	sscape->wss_res = wss_res;
+
+	if (!detect_sscape(sscape, sscape->wss_base)) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "sscape: hardware not detected at 0x%x\n",
+			sscape->io_base);
+		return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	switch (sscape->type) {
+	case MEDIA_FX:
+		name = "MediaFX/SoundFX";
+		break;
+	case SSCAPE:
+		name = "Soundscape";
+		break;
+	case SSCAPE_PNP:
+		name = "Soundscape PnP";
+		break;
+	case SSCAPE_VIVO:
+		name = "Soundscape VIVO";
+		break;
+	default:
+		name = "unknown Soundscape";
+		break;
+	}
+
+	dev_info(card->dev, "sscape: %s card detected at 0x%x, using IRQ %d, DMA %d\n",
+		 name, sscape->io_base, sscape->irq, sscape->dma1);
+
+	/*
+	 * Tell the on-board devices where their resources are (I think -
+	 * I can't be sure without a datasheet ... So many magic values!)
+	 */
+	err = sscape_configure_board(sscape);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "sscape: Invalid IRQ configuration\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We have now enabled the codec chip, and so we should
+	 * detect the AD1845 device ...
+	 */
+	err = create_ad1845(card, sscape->wss_base, sscape->irq,
+			    sscape->dma1, sscape->dma2);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev,
+			"sscape: No AD1845 device at 0x%lx, IRQ %d\n",
+			sscape->wss_base, sscape->irq);
+		return err;
+	}
+	strscpy(card->driver, "SoundScape");
+	strscpy(card->shortname, name);
+	snprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
+		 "%s at 0x%lx, IRQ %d, DMA1 %d, DMA2 %d\n",
+		 name, sscape->chip->port, sscape->chip->irq,
+		 sscape->chip->dma1, sscape->chip->dma2);
+
+#define MIDI_DEVNUM  0
+	if (sscape->type != SSCAPE_VIVO) {
+		err = sscape_upload_bootblock(card);
+		if (err >= 0)
+			err = sscape_upload_microcode(card, err);
+
+		if (err == 0) {
+			err = create_mpu401(card, MIDI_DEVNUM, sscape->io_base,
+					    sscape->mpu_irq);
+			if (err < 0) {
+				dev_err(card->dev,
+					"sscape: Failed to create MPU-401 device at 0x%lx\n",
+					(unsigned long)sscape->io_base);
+				return err;
+			}
+
+			sscape->midi_vol = 0;
+			sscape->midi_enabled = true;
+			err = sscape_restore_midi_state(sscape);
+			if (err < 0)
+				dev_warn(card->dev,
+					 "sscape: MIDI init incomplete: %d\n",
+					 err);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+/*
+ * Reload the MIDI firmware and restore the saved MIDI state for
+ * boards whose MPU-401 side was enabled during probe.
+ */
+static int sscape_resume_midi(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct soundscape *sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
+	int err, version;
+
+	if (!sscape->midi_enabled)
+		return 0;
+
+	version = sscape_upload_bootblock(card);
+	if (version < 0)
+		return version;
+
+	err = sscape_upload_microcode(card, version);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	outb(0, sscape->io_base);
+
+	return sscape_restore_midi_state(sscape);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Save the WSS codec state before the SoundScape is suspended.
+ */
+static int snd_sscape_suspend_card(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct soundscape *sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
+
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	sscape->chip->suspend(sscape->chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Restore the board-specific state before resuming the WSS codec.
+ */
+static int snd_sscape_resume_card(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	struct soundscape *sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
+	int err;
+
+	err = sscape_configure_board(sscape);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = sscape_resume_midi(card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		dev_warn(card->dev, "sscape: MIDI restore failed: %d\n", err);
+
+	sscape->chip->resume(sscape->chip);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_sscape_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int n,
+			      pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_sscape_suspend_card(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+
+static int snd_sscape_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int n)
+{
+	return snd_sscape_resume_card(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+#endif
+
+
+static int snd_sscape_match(struct device *pdev, unsigned int i)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Make sure we were given ALL of the other parameters.
+	 */
+	if (port[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (irq[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ ||
+	    mpu_irq[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_IRQ ||
+	    dma[i] == SNDRV_AUTO_DMA) {
+		dev_info(pdev,
+			 "sscape: insufficient parameters, need IO, IRQ, MPU-IRQ and DMA\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_sscape_probe(struct device *pdev, unsigned int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct soundscape *sscape;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = snd_devm_card_new(pdev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct soundscape), &card);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
+	sscape->dev = pdev;
+	sscape->type = SSCAPE;
+
+	dma[dev] &= 0x03;
+	sscape_store_settings(sscape, dev);
+
+	ret = create_sscape(card);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "sscape: Failed to register sound card\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define DEV_NAME "sscape"
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_sscape_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_sscape_match,
+	.probe		= snd_sscape_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_sscape_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_sscape_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	},
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static inline int get_next_autoindex(int i)
+{
+	while (i < SNDRV_CARDS && port[i] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT)
+		++i;
+	return i;
+}
+
+
+static int sscape_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+			     const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	static int idx = 0;
+	struct pnp_dev *dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	struct soundscape *sscape;
+	int ret;
+
+	/*
+	 * Allow this function to fail *quietly* if all the ISA PnP
+	 * devices were configured using module parameters instead.
+	 */
+	idx = get_next_autoindex(idx);
+	if (idx >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENOSPC;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check that we still have room for another sound card ...
+	 */
+	dev = pnp_request_card_device(pcard, pid->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (!dev)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	if (!pnp_is_active(dev)) {
+		if (pnp_activate_dev(dev) < 0) {
+			dev_info(&dev->dev, "sscape: device is inactive\n");
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Create a new ALSA sound card entry, in anticipation
+	 * of detecting our hardware ...
+	 */
+	ret = snd_devm_card_new(&pcard->card->dev,
+				index[idx], id[idx], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(struct soundscape), &card);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	sscape = get_card_soundscape(card);
+	sscape->dev = card->dev;
+
+	/*
+	 * Identify card model ...
+	 */
+	if (!strncmp("ENS4081", pid->id, 7))
+		sscape->type = SSCAPE_VIVO;
+	else
+		sscape->type = SSCAPE_PNP;
+
+	/*
+	 * Read the correct parameters off the ISA PnP bus ...
+	 */
+	port[idx] = pnp_port_start(dev, 0);
+	irq[idx] = pnp_irq(dev, 0);
+	mpu_irq[idx] = pnp_irq(dev, 1);
+	dma[idx] = pnp_dma(dev, 0) & 0x03;
+	if (sscape->type == SSCAPE_PNP) {
+		dma2[idx] = dma[idx];
+		wss_port[idx] = CODEC_IO(port[idx]);
+	} else {
+		wss_port[idx] = pnp_port_start(dev, 1);
+		dma2[idx] = pnp_dma(dev, 1);
+	}
+	sscape_store_settings(sscape, idx);
+
+	ret = create_sscape(card);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	ret = snd_card_register(card);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "sscape: Failed to register sound card\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	++idx;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int sscape_pnp_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard, pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_sscape_suspend_card(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+
+static int sscape_pnp_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	return snd_sscape_resume_card(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver sscape_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags = PNP_DRIVER_RES_DO_NOT_CHANGE,
+	.name = "sscape",
+	.id_table = sscape_pnpids,
+	.probe = sscape_pnp_detect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend = sscape_pnp_suspend,
+	.resume = sscape_pnp_resume,
+#endif
+};
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static int __init sscape_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = isa_register_driver(&snd_sscape_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (!err)
+		isa_registered = 1;
+
+	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&sscape_pnpc_driver);
+	if (!err)
+		pnp_registered = 1;
+
+	if (isa_registered)
+		err = 0;
+#endif
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __exit sscape_exit(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (pnp_registered)
+		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&sscape_pnpc_driver);
+	if (isa_registered)
+#endif
+		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_sscape_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(sscape_init);
+module_exit(sscape_exit);
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/Makefile b/sound/isa/wavefront/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3ba85fb2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+#
+# Makefile for ALSA
+# Copyright (c) 2001 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+#
+
+snd-wavefront-y := wavefront.o wavefront_fx.o wavefront_synth.o wavefront_midi.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_WAVEFRONT) += snd-wavefront.o
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront.c b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5b1917cc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront.c
@@ -0,0 +1,700 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  ALSA card-level driver for Turtle Beach Wavefront cards 
+ *						(Maui,Tropez,Tropez+)
+ *
+ *  Copyright (c) 1997-1999 by Paul Barton-Davis <pbd@op.net>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/isa.h>
+#include <linux/pnp.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/opl3.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/snd_wavefront.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul Barton-Davis <pbd@op.net>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Turtle Beach Wavefront");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+static int index[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX;	    /* Index 0-MAX */
+static char *id[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR;	    /* ID for this card */
+static bool enable[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_ENABLE;	    /* Enable this card */
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static bool isapnp[SNDRV_CARDS] = {[0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = 1};
+#endif
+static long cs4232_pcm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	/* PnP setup */
+static int cs4232_pcm_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ; /* 5,7,9,11,12,15 */
+static long cs4232_mpu_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT; /* PnP setup */
+static int cs4232_mpu_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ; /* 9,11,12,15 */
+static long ics2115_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT; /* PnP setup */
+static int ics2115_irq[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IRQ;    /* 2,9,11,12,15 */
+static long fm_port[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_PORT;	    /* PnP setup */
+static int dma1[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	    /* 0,1,3,5,6,7 */
+static int dma2[SNDRV_CARDS] = SNDRV_DEFAULT_DMA;	    /* 0,1,3,5,6,7 */
+static bool use_cs4232_midi[SNDRV_CARDS];
+
+module_param_array(index, int, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for WaveFront soundcard.");
+module_param_array(id, charp, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for WaveFront soundcard.");
+module_param_array(enable, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(enable, "Enable WaveFront soundcard.");
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+module_param_array(isapnp, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(isapnp, "ISA PnP detection for WaveFront soundcards.");
+#endif
+module_param_hw_array(cs4232_pcm_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(cs4232_pcm_port, "Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.");
+module_param_hw_array(cs4232_pcm_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(cs4232_pcm_irq, "IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma1, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma1, "DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.");
+module_param_hw_array(dma2, int, dma, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(dma2, "DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.");
+module_param_hw_array(cs4232_mpu_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(cs4232_mpu_port, "port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.");
+module_param_hw_array(cs4232_mpu_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(cs4232_mpu_irq, "IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.");
+module_param_hw_array(ics2115_irq, int, irq, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(ics2115_irq, "IRQ # for ICS2115.");
+module_param_hw_array(ics2115_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(ics2115_port, "Port # for ICS2115.");
+module_param_hw_array(fm_port, long, ioport, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fm_port, "FM port #.");
+module_param_array(use_cs4232_midi, bool, NULL, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(use_cs4232_midi, "Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface (inaccessibly located inside your computer)");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int isa_registered __ro_after_init;
+static int pnp_registered __ro_after_init;
+
+static const struct pnp_card_device_id snd_wavefront_pnpids[] = {
+	/* Tropez */
+	{ .id = "CSC7532", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "PnPb006" }, { "CSC0004" } } },
+	/* Tropez+ */
+	{ .id = "CSC7632", .devs = { { "CSC0000" }, { "CSC0010" }, { "PnPb006" }, { "CSC0004" } } },
+	{ .id = "" }
+};
+
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pnp_card, snd_wavefront_pnpids);
+
+static int
+snd_wavefront_pnp (int dev, snd_wavefront_card_t *acard, struct pnp_card_link *card,
+		   const struct pnp_card_device_id *id)
+{
+	struct pnp_dev *pdev;
+	int err;
+
+	/* Check for each logical device. */
+
+	/* CS4232 chip (aka "windows sound system") is logical device 0 */
+
+	acard->wss = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[0].id, NULL);
+	if (acard->wss == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	/* there is a game port at logical device 1, but we ignore it completely */
+
+	/* the control interface is logical device 2, but we ignore it
+	   completely. in fact, nobody even seems to know what it
+	   does.
+	*/
+
+	/* Only configure the CS4232 MIDI interface if its been
+	   specifically requested. It is logical device 3.
+	*/
+
+	if (use_cs4232_midi[dev]) {
+		acard->mpu = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[2].id, NULL);
+		if (acard->mpu == NULL)
+			return -EBUSY;
+	}
+
+	/* The ICS2115 synth is logical device 4 */
+
+	acard->synth = pnp_request_card_device(card, id->devs[3].id, NULL);
+	if (acard->synth == NULL)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	/* PCM/FM initialization */
+
+	pdev = acard->wss;
+
+	/* An interesting note from the Tropez+ FAQ:
+
+	   Q. [Ports] Why is the base address of the WSS I/O ports off by 4?
+
+	   A. WSS I/O requires a block of 8 I/O addresses ("ports"). Of these, the first
+	   4 are used to identify and configure the board. With the advent of PnP,
+	   these first 4 addresses have become obsolete, and software applications
+	   only use the last 4 addresses to control the codec chip. Therefore, the
+	   base address setting "skips past" the 4 unused addresses.
+
+	*/
+
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "PnP WSS pnp configure failure\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	cs4232_pcm_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	fm_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 1);
+	dma1[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 0);
+	dma2[dev] = pnp_dma(pdev, 1);
+	cs4232_pcm_irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+
+	/* Synth initialization */
+
+	pdev = acard->synth;
+	
+	err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "PnP ICS2115 pnp configure failure\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	ics2115_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+	ics2115_irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+
+	/* CS4232 MPU initialization. Configure this only if
+	   explicitly requested, since its physically inaccessible and
+	   consumes another IRQ.
+	*/
+
+	if (use_cs4232_midi[dev]) {
+
+		pdev = acard->mpu;
+
+		err = pnp_activate_dev(pdev);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			dev_err(&pdev->dev, "PnP MPU401 pnp configure failure\n");
+			cs4232_mpu_port[dev] = SNDRV_AUTO_PORT;
+		} else {
+			cs4232_mpu_port[dev] = pnp_port_start(pdev, 0);
+			cs4232_mpu_irq[dev] = pnp_irq(pdev, 0);
+		}
+
+		dev_info(&pdev->dev, "CS4232 MPU: port=0x%lx, irq=%i\n",
+			 cs4232_mpu_port[dev],
+			 cs4232_mpu_irq[dev]);
+	}
+
+	dev_dbg(&pdev->dev,
+		"CS4232: pcm port=0x%lx, fm port=0x%lx, dma1=%i, dma2=%i, irq=%i\nICS2115: port=0x%lx, irq=%i\n",
+		cs4232_pcm_port[dev],
+		fm_port[dev],
+		dma1[dev],
+		dma2[dev],
+		cs4232_pcm_irq[dev],
+		ics2115_port[dev],
+		ics2115_irq[dev]);
+	
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static irqreturn_t snd_wavefront_ics2115_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard;
+
+	acard = (snd_wavefront_card_t *) dev_id;
+
+	if (acard == NULL) 
+		return IRQ_NONE;
+
+	if (acard->wavefront.interrupts_are_midi) {
+		snd_wavefront_midi_interrupt (acard);
+	} else {
+		snd_wavefront_internal_interrupt (acard);
+	}
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+static struct snd_hwdep *snd_wavefront_new_synth(struct snd_card *card,
+						 int hw_dev,
+						 snd_wavefront_card_t *acard)
+{
+	struct snd_hwdep *wavefront_synth;
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_detect (acard) < 0) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_start (&acard->wavefront) < 0) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (snd_hwdep_new(card, "WaveFront", hw_dev, &wavefront_synth) < 0)
+		return NULL;
+	strscpy (wavefront_synth->name, 
+		"WaveFront (ICS2115) wavetable synthesizer");
+	wavefront_synth->ops.open = snd_wavefront_synth_open;
+	wavefront_synth->ops.release = snd_wavefront_synth_release;
+	wavefront_synth->ops.ioctl = snd_wavefront_synth_ioctl;
+
+	return wavefront_synth;
+}
+
+static struct snd_hwdep *snd_wavefront_new_fx(struct snd_card *card,
+					      int hw_dev,
+					      snd_wavefront_card_t *acard,
+					      unsigned long port)
+
+{
+	struct snd_hwdep *fx_processor;
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_fx_start (&acard->wavefront)) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "cannot initialize YSS225 FX processor");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (snd_hwdep_new (card, "YSS225", hw_dev, &fx_processor) < 0)
+		return NULL;
+	sprintf (fx_processor->name, "YSS225 FX Processor at 0x%lx", port);
+	fx_processor->ops.open = snd_wavefront_fx_open;
+	fx_processor->ops.release = snd_wavefront_fx_release;
+	fx_processor->ops.ioctl = snd_wavefront_fx_ioctl;
+	
+	return fx_processor;
+}
+
+static snd_wavefront_mpu_id internal_id = internal_mpu;
+static snd_wavefront_mpu_id external_id = external_mpu;
+
+static struct snd_rawmidi *snd_wavefront_new_midi(struct snd_card *card,
+						  int midi_dev,
+						  snd_wavefront_card_t *acard,
+						  unsigned long port,
+						  snd_wavefront_mpu_id mpu)
+
+{
+	struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
+	static int first = 1;
+
+	if (first) {
+		first = 0;
+		acard->wavefront.midi.base = port;
+		if (snd_wavefront_midi_start (acard)) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "cannot initialize MIDI interface\n");
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (snd_rawmidi_new (card, "WaveFront MIDI", midi_dev, 1, 1, &rmidi) < 0)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (mpu == internal_mpu) {
+		strscpy(rmidi->name, "WaveFront MIDI (Internal)");
+		rmidi->private_data = &internal_id;
+	} else {
+		strscpy(rmidi->name, "WaveFront MIDI (External)");
+		rmidi->private_data = &external_id;
+	}
+
+	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_OUTPUT, &snd_wavefront_midi_output);
+	snd_rawmidi_set_ops(rmidi, SNDRV_RAWMIDI_STREAM_INPUT, &snd_wavefront_midi_input);
+
+	rmidi->info_flags |= SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_OUTPUT |
+			     SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_INPUT |
+			     SNDRV_RAWMIDI_INFO_DUPLEX;
+
+	return rmidi;
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_card_new(struct device *pdev, int dev,
+				  struct snd_card **cardp)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_devm_card_new(pdev, index[dev], id[dev], THIS_MODULE,
+				sizeof(snd_wavefront_card_t), &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	acard = card->private_data;
+	acard->wavefront.irq = -1;
+	spin_lock_init(&acard->wavefront.irq_lock);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&acard->wavefront.interrupt_sleeper);
+	spin_lock_init(&acard->wavefront.midi.open);
+	spin_lock_init(&acard->wavefront.midi.virtual);
+	acard->wavefront.card = card;
+
+	*cardp = card;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+snd_wavefront_probe (struct snd_card *card, int dev)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard = card->private_data;
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+	struct snd_hwdep *wavefront_synth;
+	struct snd_rawmidi *ics2115_internal_rmidi = NULL;
+	struct snd_rawmidi *ics2115_external_rmidi = NULL;
+	struct snd_hwdep *fx_processor;
+	int hw_dev = 0, midi_dev = 0, err;
+
+	/* --------- PCM --------------- */
+
+	err = snd_wss_create(card, cs4232_pcm_port[dev], -1,
+			     cs4232_pcm_irq[dev], dma1[dev], dma2[dev],
+			     WSS_HW_DETECT, 0, &chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "can't allocate WSS device\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+	acard->chip = chip;
+
+	err = snd_wss_pcm(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = snd_wss_timer(chip, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* ---------- OPL3 synth --------- */
+
+	if (fm_port[dev] > 0 && fm_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		struct snd_opl3 *opl3;
+
+		err = snd_opl3_create(card, fm_port[dev], fm_port[dev] + 2,
+				      OPL3_HW_OPL3_CS, 0, &opl3);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "can't allocate or detect OPL3 synth\n");
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		err = snd_opl3_hwdep_new(opl3, hw_dev, 1, NULL);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		hw_dev++;
+	}
+
+	/* ------- ICS2115 Wavetable synth ------- */
+
+	acard->wavefront.res_base =
+		devm_request_region(card->dev, ics2115_port[dev], 16,
+				    "ICS2115");
+	if (acard->wavefront.res_base == NULL) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "unable to grab ICS2115 i/o region 0x%lx-0x%lx\n",
+			ics2115_port[dev], ics2115_port[dev] + 16 - 1);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	if (devm_request_irq(card->dev, ics2115_irq[dev],
+			     snd_wavefront_ics2115_interrupt,
+			     0, "ICS2115", acard)) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "unable to use ICS2115 IRQ %d\n", ics2115_irq[dev]);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	
+	acard->wavefront.irq = ics2115_irq[dev];
+	card->sync_irq = acard->wavefront.irq;
+	acard->wavefront.base = ics2115_port[dev];
+	snd_wavefront_cache_firmware(&acard->wavefront);
+
+	wavefront_synth = snd_wavefront_new_synth(card, hw_dev, acard);
+	if (wavefront_synth == NULL) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "can't create WaveFront synth device\n");
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	strscpy (wavefront_synth->name, "ICS2115 Wavetable MIDI Synthesizer");
+	wavefront_synth->iface = SNDRV_HWDEP_IFACE_ICS2115;
+	hw_dev++;
+
+	/* --------- Mixer ------------ */
+
+	err = snd_wss_mixer(chip);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(card->dev, "can't allocate mixer device\n");
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	/* -------- CS4232 MPU-401 interface -------- */
+
+	if (cs4232_mpu_port[dev] > 0 && cs4232_mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		err = snd_mpu401_uart_new(card, midi_dev, MPU401_HW_CS4232,
+					  cs4232_mpu_port[dev], 0,
+					  cs4232_mpu_irq[dev], NULL);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "can't allocate CS4232 MPU-401 device\n");
+			return err;
+		}
+		midi_dev++;
+	}
+
+	/* ------ ICS2115 internal MIDI ------------ */
+
+	if (ics2115_port[dev] > 0 && ics2115_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		ics2115_internal_rmidi = 
+			snd_wavefront_new_midi (card, 
+						midi_dev,
+						acard,
+						ics2115_port[dev],
+						internal_mpu);
+		if (ics2115_internal_rmidi == NULL) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "can't setup ICS2115 internal MIDI device\n");
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+		midi_dev++;
+	}
+
+	/* ------ ICS2115 external MIDI ------------ */
+
+	if (ics2115_port[dev] > 0 && ics2115_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		ics2115_external_rmidi = 
+			snd_wavefront_new_midi (card, 
+						midi_dev,
+						acard,
+						ics2115_port[dev],
+						external_mpu);
+		if (ics2115_external_rmidi == NULL) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "can't setup ICS2115 external MIDI device\n");
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+		midi_dev++;
+	}
+
+	/* FX processor for Tropez+ */
+
+	if (acard->wavefront.has_fx) {
+		fx_processor = snd_wavefront_new_fx (card,
+						     hw_dev,
+						     acard,
+						     ics2115_port[dev]);
+		if (fx_processor == NULL) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "can't setup FX device\n");
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+
+		hw_dev++;
+
+		strscpy(card->driver, "Tropez+");
+		strscpy(card->shortname, "Turtle Beach Tropez+");
+	} else {
+		/* Need a way to distinguish between Maui and Tropez */
+		strscpy(card->driver, "WaveFront");
+		strscpy(card->shortname, "Turtle Beach WaveFront");
+	}
+
+	/* ----- Register the card --------- */
+
+	/* Not safe to include "Turtle Beach" in longname, due to 
+	   length restrictions
+	*/
+
+	sprintf(card->longname, "%s PCM 0x%lx irq %d dma %d",
+		card->driver,
+		chip->port,
+		cs4232_pcm_irq[dev],
+		dma1[dev]);
+
+	if (dma2[dev] >= 0 && dma2[dev] < 8)
+		sprintf(card->longname + strlen(card->longname), "&%d", dma2[dev]);
+
+	if (cs4232_mpu_port[dev] > 0 && cs4232_mpu_port[dev] != SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		sprintf (card->longname + strlen (card->longname), 
+			 " MPU-401 0x%lx irq %d",
+			 cs4232_mpu_port[dev],
+			 cs4232_mpu_irq[dev]);
+	}
+
+	sprintf (card->longname + strlen (card->longname), 
+		 " SYNTH 0x%lx irq %d",
+		 ics2115_port[dev],
+		 ics2115_irq[dev]);
+
+	return snd_card_register(card);
+}	
+
+static int snd_wavefront_isa_match(struct device *pdev,
+				   unsigned int dev)
+{
+	if (!enable[dev])
+		return 0;
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (isapnp[dev])
+		return 0;
+#endif
+	if (cs4232_pcm_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "specify CS4232 port\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (ics2115_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+		dev_err(pdev, "specify ICS2115 port\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_isa_probe(struct device *pdev,
+				   unsigned int dev)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_wavefront_card_new(pdev, dev, &card);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	err = snd_wavefront_probe(card, dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	
+	dev_set_drvdata(pdev, card);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_wavefront_suspend(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard = card->private_data;
+
+	snd_wavefront_midi_suspend(acard);
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
+	acard->chip->suspend(acard->chip);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_resume(struct snd_card *card)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard = card->private_data;
+	int err;
+
+	acard->chip->resume(acard->chip);
+	err = snd_wavefront_resume_synth(acard);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_isa_suspend(struct device *dev, unsigned int id,
+				     pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_wavefront_suspend(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_isa_resume(struct device *dev, unsigned int id)
+{
+	return snd_wavefront_resume(dev_get_drvdata(dev));
+}
+#endif
+
+#define DEV_NAME "wavefront"
+
+static struct isa_driver snd_wavefront_driver = {
+	.match		= snd_wavefront_isa_match,
+	.probe		= snd_wavefront_isa_probe,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_wavefront_isa_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_wavefront_isa_resume,
+#endif
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= DEV_NAME
+	},
+};
+
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+static int snd_wavefront_pnp_detect(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				    const struct pnp_card_device_id *pid)
+{
+	static int dev;
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	int res;
+
+	for ( ; dev < SNDRV_CARDS; dev++) {
+		if (enable[dev] && isapnp[dev])
+			break;
+	}
+	if (dev >= SNDRV_CARDS)
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	res = snd_wavefront_card_new(&pcard->card->dev, dev, &card);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_pnp (dev, card->private_data, pcard, pid) < 0) {
+		if (cs4232_pcm_port[dev] == SNDRV_AUTO_PORT) {
+			dev_err(card->dev, "isapnp detection failed\n");
+			return -ENODEV;
+		}
+	}
+
+	res = snd_wavefront_probe(card, dev);
+	if (res < 0)
+		return res;
+
+	pnp_set_card_drvdata(pcard, card);
+	dev++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static int snd_wavefront_pnpc_suspend(struct pnp_card_link *pcard,
+				      pm_message_t state)
+{
+	return snd_wavefront_suspend(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_pnpc_resume(struct pnp_card_link *pcard)
+{
+	return snd_wavefront_resume(pnp_get_card_drvdata(pcard));
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct pnp_card_driver wavefront_pnpc_driver = {
+	.flags		= PNP_DRIVER_RES_DISABLE,
+	.name		= "wavefront",
+	.id_table	= snd_wavefront_pnpids,
+	.probe		= snd_wavefront_pnp_detect,
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	.suspend	= snd_wavefront_pnpc_suspend,
+	.resume		= snd_wavefront_pnpc_resume,
+#endif
+};
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_PNP */
+
+static int __init alsa_card_wavefront_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = isa_register_driver(&snd_wavefront_driver, SNDRV_CARDS);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (!err)
+		isa_registered = 1;
+
+	err = pnp_register_card_driver(&wavefront_pnpc_driver);
+	if (!err)
+		pnp_registered = 1;
+
+	if (isa_registered)
+		err = 0;
+#endif
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __exit alsa_card_wavefront_exit(void)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_PNP
+	if (pnp_registered)
+		pnp_unregister_card_driver(&wavefront_pnpc_driver);
+	if (isa_registered)
+#endif
+		isa_unregister_driver(&snd_wavefront_driver);
+}
+
+module_init(alsa_card_wavefront_init)
+module_exit(alsa_card_wavefront_exit)
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_fx.c b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_fx.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6d95ea338
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_fx.c
@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) 1998-2002 by Paul Davis <pbd@op.net>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/firmware.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/snd_wavefront.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+/* Control bits for the Load Control Register
+ */
+
+#define FX_LSB_TRANSFER 0x01    /* transfer after DSP LSB byte written */
+#define FX_MSB_TRANSFER 0x02    /* transfer after DSP MSB byte written */
+#define FX_AUTO_INCR    0x04    /* auto-increment DSP address after transfer */
+
+#define WAIT_IDLE	0xff
+
+static int
+wavefront_fx_idle (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned int x = 0x80;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+		x = inb (dev->fx_status);
+		if ((x & 0x80) == 0) {
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (x & 0x80) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "FX device never idle.\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return (1);
+}
+
+static void
+wavefront_fx_mute (snd_wavefront_t *dev, int onoff)
+
+{
+	if (!wavefront_fx_idle(dev)) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	outb (onoff ? 0x02 : 0x00, dev->fx_op);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_fx_memset (snd_wavefront_t *dev,
+		     int page,
+		     int addr,
+		     int cnt,
+		     unsigned short *data)
+{
+	if (page < 0 || page > 7) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+			"FX memset: page must be >= 0 and <= 7\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (addr < 0 || addr > 0x7f) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+			"FX memset: addr must be >= 0 and <= 7f\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (cnt == 1) {
+
+		outb (FX_LSB_TRANSFER, dev->fx_lcr);
+		outb (page, dev->fx_dsp_page);
+		outb (addr, dev->fx_dsp_addr);
+		outb ((data[0] >> 8), dev->fx_dsp_msb);
+		outb ((data[0] & 0xff), dev->fx_dsp_lsb);
+
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "FX: addr %d:%x set to 0x%x\n",
+			page, addr, data[0]);
+
+	} else {
+		int i;
+
+		outb (FX_AUTO_INCR|FX_LSB_TRANSFER, dev->fx_lcr);
+		outb (page, dev->fx_dsp_page);
+		outb (addr, dev->fx_dsp_addr);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+			outb ((data[i] >> 8), dev->fx_dsp_msb);
+			outb ((data[i] & 0xff), dev->fx_dsp_lsb);
+			if (!wavefront_fx_idle (dev)) {
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (i != cnt) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"FX memset (0x%x, 0x%x, 0x%lx, %d) incomplete\n",
+				page, addr, (unsigned long) data, cnt);
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_fx_detect (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	/* This is a crude check, but its the best one I have for now.
+	   Certainly on the Maui and the Tropez, wavefront_fx_idle() will
+	   report "never idle", which suggests that this test should
+	   work OK.
+	*/
+
+	if (inb (dev->fx_status) & 0x80) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "Hmm, probably a Maui or Tropez.\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_fx_open (struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
+
+{
+	if (!try_module_get(hw->card->module))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	file->private_data = hw;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int 
+snd_wavefront_fx_release (struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
+
+{
+	module_put(hw->card->module);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_fx_ioctl (struct snd_hwdep *sdev, struct file *file,
+			unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard;
+	snd_wavefront_t *dev;
+	wavefront_fx_info r;
+	unsigned short *page_data = NULL;
+	unsigned short *pd;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	card = sdev->card;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
+		return -ENODEV;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card->private_data))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	acard = card->private_data;
+	dev = &acard->wavefront;
+
+	if (copy_from_user (&r, (void __user *)arg, sizeof (wavefront_fx_info)))
+		return -EFAULT;
+
+	switch (r.request) {
+	case WFFX_MUTE:
+		wavefront_fx_mute (dev, r.data[0]);
+		return -EIO;
+
+	case WFFX_MEMSET:
+		if (r.data[2] <= 0) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"cannot write <= 0 bytes to FX\n");
+			return -EIO;
+		} else if (r.data[2] == 1) {
+			pd = (unsigned short *) &r.data[3];
+		} else {
+			if (r.data[2] > 256) {
+				dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+					"cannot write > 512 bytes to FX\n");
+				return -EIO;
+			}
+			page_data = memdup_array_user((unsigned char __user *)
+						      r.data[3],
+						      r.data[2], sizeof(short));
+			if (IS_ERR(page_data))
+				return PTR_ERR(page_data);
+			pd = page_data;
+		}
+
+		err = wavefront_fx_memset (dev,
+			     r.data[0], /* page */
+			     r.data[1], /* addr */
+			     r.data[2], /* cnt */
+			     pd);
+		kfree(page_data);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "FX: ioctl %d not yet supported\n",
+			r.request);
+		return -ENOTTY;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* YSS225 initialization.
+
+   This code was developed using DOSEMU. The Turtle Beach SETUPSND
+   utility was run with I/O tracing in DOSEMU enabled, and a reconstruction
+   of the port I/O done, using the Yamaha faxback document as a guide
+   to add more logic to the code. Its really pretty weird.
+
+   This is the approach of just dumping the whole I/O
+   sequence as a series of port/value pairs and a simple loop
+   that outputs it.
+*/
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_fx_start (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+	int err;
+	const struct firmware *firmware __free(firmware) = NULL;
+
+	if (dev->fx_initialized)
+		return 0;
+
+	err = request_firmware(&firmware, "yamaha/yss225_registers.bin",
+			       dev->card->dev);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i + 1 < firmware->size; i += 2) {
+		if (firmware->data[i] >= 8 && firmware->data[i] < 16) {
+			outb(firmware->data[i + 1],
+			     dev->base + firmware->data[i]);
+		} else if (firmware->data[i] == WAIT_IDLE) {
+			if (!wavefront_fx_idle(dev))
+				return -1;
+		} else {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"invalid address in register data\n");
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	dev->fx_initialized = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+MODULE_FIRMWARE("yamaha/yss225_registers.bin");
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_midi.c b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_midi.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fb184d9ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_midi.c
@@ -0,0 +1,601 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) by Paul Barton-Davis 1998-1999
+ */
+
+/* The low level driver for the WaveFront ICS2115 MIDI interface(s)
+ *
+ * Note that there is also an MPU-401 emulation (actually, a UART-401
+ * emulation) on the CS4232 on the Tropez and Tropez Plus. This code
+ * has nothing to do with that interface at all.
+ *
+ * The interface is essentially just a UART-401, but is has the
+ * interesting property of supporting what Turtle Beach called
+ * "Virtual MIDI" mode. In this mode, there are effectively *two*
+ * MIDI buses accessible via the interface, one that is routed
+ * solely to/from the external WaveFront synthesizer and the other
+ * corresponding to the pin/socket connector used to link external
+ * MIDI devices to the board.
+ *
+ * This driver fully supports this mode, allowing two distinct MIDI
+ * busses to be used completely independently, giving 32 channels of
+ * MIDI routing, 16 to the WaveFront synth and 16 to the external MIDI
+ * bus. The devices are named /dev/snd/midiCnD0 and /dev/snd/midiCnD1,
+ * where `n' is the card number. Note that the device numbers may be
+ * something other than 0 and 1 if the CS4232 UART/MPU-401 interface
+ * is enabled.
+ *
+ * Switching between the two is accomplished externally by the driver
+ * using the two otherwise unused MIDI bytes. See the code for more details.
+ *
+ * NOTE: VIRTUAL MIDI MODE IS ON BY DEFAULT (see lowlevel/isa/wavefront.c)
+ *
+ * The main reason to turn off Virtual MIDI mode is when you want to
+ * tightly couple the WaveFront synth with an external MIDI
+ * device. You won't be able to distinguish the source of any MIDI
+ * data except via SysEx ID, but thats probably OK, since for the most
+ * part, the WaveFront won't be sending any MIDI data at all.
+ *  
+ * The main reason to turn on Virtual MIDI Mode is to provide two
+ * completely independent 16-channel MIDI buses, one to the
+ * WaveFront and one to any external MIDI devices. Given the 32
+ * voice nature of the WaveFront, its pretty easy to find a use
+ * for all 16 channels driving just that synth.
+ *  
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/snd_wavefront.h>
+
+static inline int 
+wf_mpu_status (snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi)
+
+{
+	return inb (midi->mpu_status_port);
+}
+
+static inline int 
+input_avail (snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi)
+
+{
+	return !(wf_mpu_status(midi) & INPUT_AVAIL);
+}
+
+static inline int
+output_ready (snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi)
+
+{
+	return !(wf_mpu_status(midi) & OUTPUT_READY);
+}
+
+static inline int 
+read_data (snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi)
+
+{
+	return inb (midi->mpu_data_port);
+}
+
+static inline void 
+write_data (snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi, unsigned char byte)
+
+{
+	outb (byte, midi->mpu_data_port);
+}
+
+static snd_wavefront_midi_t *
+get_wavefront_midi (struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard;
+
+	if (substream == NULL || substream->rmidi == NULL) 
+	        return NULL;
+
+	card = substream->rmidi->card;
+
+	if (card == NULL) 
+	        return NULL;
+
+	if (card->private_data == NULL) 
+ 	        return NULL;
+
+	acard = card->private_data;
+
+	return &acard->wavefront.midi;
+}
+
+static void snd_wavefront_midi_output_write(snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi = &card->wavefront.midi;
+	snd_wavefront_mpu_id  mpu;
+	unsigned char midi_byte;
+	int max = 256, mask = 1;
+	int timeout;
+
+	/* Its not OK to try to change the status of "virtuality" of
+	   the MIDI interface while we're outputting stuff.  See
+	   snd_wavefront_midi_{enable,disable}_virtual () for the
+	   other half of this.  
+
+	   The first loop attempts to flush any data from the
+	   current output device, and then the second 
+	   emits the switch byte (if necessary), and starts
+	   outputting data for the output device currently in use.
+	*/
+
+	if (midi->substream_output[midi->output_mpu] == NULL) {
+		goto __second;
+	}
+
+	while (max > 0) {
+
+		/* XXX fix me - no hard timing loops allowed! */
+
+		for (timeout = 30000; timeout > 0; timeout--) {
+			if (output_ready (midi))
+				break;
+		}
+	
+		guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&midi->virtual);
+		if ((midi->mode[midi->output_mpu] & MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT) == 0)
+			goto __second;
+		if (output_ready (midi)) {
+			if (snd_rawmidi_transmit(midi->substream_output[midi->output_mpu], &midi_byte, 1) == 1) {
+				if (!midi->isvirtual ||
+					(midi_byte != WF_INTERNAL_SWITCH &&
+					 midi_byte != WF_EXTERNAL_SWITCH))
+					write_data(midi, midi_byte);
+				max--;
+			} else {
+				if (midi->istimer) {
+					if (--midi->istimer <= 0)
+						timer_delete(&midi->timer);
+				}
+				midi->mode[midi->output_mpu] &= ~MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT_TRIGGER;
+				goto __second;
+			}
+		} else {
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+      __second:
+
+	if (midi->substream_output[!midi->output_mpu] == NULL) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	while (max > 0) {
+
+		/* XXX fix me - no hard timing loops allowed! */
+
+		for (timeout = 30000; timeout > 0; timeout--) {
+			if (output_ready (midi))
+				break;
+		}
+	
+		guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&midi->virtual);
+		if (!midi->isvirtual)
+			mask = 0;
+		mpu = midi->output_mpu ^ mask;
+		mask = 0;	/* don't invert the value from now */
+		if ((midi->mode[mpu] & MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT) == 0)
+			return;
+		if (snd_rawmidi_transmit_empty(midi->substream_output[mpu]))
+			goto __timer;
+		if (output_ready (midi)) {
+			if (mpu != midi->output_mpu) {
+				write_data(midi, mpu == internal_mpu ?
+							WF_INTERNAL_SWITCH :
+							WF_EXTERNAL_SWITCH);
+				midi->output_mpu = mpu;
+			} else if (snd_rawmidi_transmit(midi->substream_output[mpu], &midi_byte, 1) == 1) {
+				if (!midi->isvirtual ||
+					(midi_byte != WF_INTERNAL_SWITCH &&
+					 midi_byte != WF_EXTERNAL_SWITCH))
+					write_data(midi, midi_byte);
+				max--;
+			} else {
+			      __timer:
+				if (midi->istimer) {
+					if (--midi->istimer <= 0)
+						timer_delete(&midi->timer);
+				}
+				midi->mode[mpu] &= ~MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT_TRIGGER;
+				return;
+			}
+		} else {
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_midi_input_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+	snd_wavefront_mpu_id mpu;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream || !substream->rmidi))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream->rmidi->private_data))
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
+
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
+	        return -EIO;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&midi->open);
+	midi->mode[mpu] |= MPU401_MODE_INPUT;
+	midi->substream_input[mpu] = substream;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_midi_output_open(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+	snd_wavefront_mpu_id mpu;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream || !substream->rmidi))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream->rmidi->private_data))
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
+
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
+	        return -EIO;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&midi->open);
+	midi->mode[mpu] |= MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT;
+	midi->substream_output[mpu] = substream;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_midi_input_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+	snd_wavefront_mpu_id mpu;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream || !substream->rmidi))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream->rmidi->private_data))
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
+
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
+	        return -EIO;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&midi->open);
+	midi->substream_input[mpu] = NULL;
+	midi->mode[mpu] &= ~MPU401_MODE_INPUT;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wavefront_midi_output_close(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+	snd_wavefront_mpu_id mpu;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream || !substream->rmidi))
+		return -ENXIO;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!substream->rmidi->private_data))
+		return -ENXIO;
+
+	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
+
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
+	        return -EIO;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&midi->open);
+	midi->substream_output[mpu] = NULL;
+	midi->mode[mpu] &= ~MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_wavefront_midi_input_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+	snd_wavefront_mpu_id mpu;
+
+	if (substream == NULL || substream->rmidi == NULL) 
+	        return;
+
+	if (substream->rmidi->private_data == NULL)
+	        return;
+
+	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
+
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
+		return;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&midi->virtual);
+	if (up) {
+		midi->mode[mpu] |= MPU401_MODE_INPUT_TRIGGER;
+	} else {
+		midi->mode[mpu] &= ~MPU401_MODE_INPUT_TRIGGER;
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_wavefront_midi_output_timer(struct timer_list *t)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi = timer_container_of(midi, t, timer);
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *card = midi->timer_card;
+	
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &midi->virtual) {
+		mod_timer(&midi->timer, 1 + jiffies);
+	}
+	snd_wavefront_midi_output_write(card);
+}
+
+static void snd_wavefront_midi_output_trigger(struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream, int up)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+	snd_wavefront_mpu_id mpu;
+
+	if (substream == NULL || substream->rmidi == NULL) 
+	        return;
+
+	if (substream->rmidi->private_data == NULL)
+	        return;
+
+	mpu = *((snd_wavefront_mpu_id *) substream->rmidi->private_data);
+
+	midi = get_wavefront_midi(substream);
+	if (!midi)
+		return;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &midi->virtual) {
+		if (up) {
+			if ((midi->mode[mpu] & MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT_TRIGGER) == 0) {
+				if (!midi->istimer) {
+					timer_setup(&midi->timer,
+						    snd_wavefront_midi_output_timer,
+						    0);
+					mod_timer(&midi->timer, 1 + jiffies);
+				}
+				midi->istimer++;
+				midi->mode[mpu] |= MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT_TRIGGER;
+			}
+		} else {
+			midi->mode[mpu] &= ~MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT_TRIGGER;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (up)
+		snd_wavefront_midi_output_write((snd_wavefront_card_t *)substream->rmidi->card->private_data);
+}
+
+void
+snd_wavefront_midi_interrupt (snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+
+{
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+	static struct snd_rawmidi_substream *substream = NULL;
+	static int mpu = external_mpu; 
+	int max = 128;
+	unsigned char byte;
+
+	midi = &card->wavefront.midi;
+
+	if (!input_avail (midi)) { /* not for us */
+		snd_wavefront_midi_output_write(card);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &midi->virtual) {
+		while (--max) {
+
+			if (input_avail(midi)) {
+				byte = read_data(midi);
+
+				if (midi->isvirtual) {
+					if (byte == WF_EXTERNAL_SWITCH) {
+						substream = midi->substream_input[external_mpu];
+						mpu = external_mpu;
+					} else if (byte == WF_INTERNAL_SWITCH) {
+						substream = midi->substream_output[internal_mpu];
+						mpu = internal_mpu;
+					} /* else just leave it as it is */
+				} else {
+					substream = midi->substream_input[internal_mpu];
+					mpu = internal_mpu;
+				}
+
+				if (substream == NULL) {
+					continue;
+				}
+
+				if (midi->mode[mpu] & MPU401_MODE_INPUT_TRIGGER) {
+					snd_rawmidi_receive(substream, &byte, 1);
+				}
+			} else {
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	snd_wavefront_midi_output_write(card);
+}
+
+void
+snd_wavefront_midi_enable_virtual (snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave (&card->wavefront.midi.virtual, flags);
+	card->wavefront.midi.isvirtual = 1;
+	card->wavefront.midi.output_mpu = internal_mpu;
+	card->wavefront.midi.input_mpu = internal_mpu;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore (&card->wavefront.midi.virtual, flags);
+}
+
+void
+snd_wavefront_midi_disable_virtual (snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+
+{
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&card->wavefront.midi.virtual);
+	// snd_wavefront_midi_input_close (card->ics2115_external_rmidi);
+	// snd_wavefront_midi_output_close (card->ics2115_external_rmidi);
+	card->wavefront.midi.isvirtual = 0;
+}
+
+void
+snd_wavefront_midi_suspend(snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+
+{
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi = &card->wavefront.midi;
+
+	if (!midi->istimer)
+		return;
+
+	timer_delete_sync(&midi->timer);
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&midi->virtual);
+	midi->istimer = 0;
+}
+
+void
+snd_wavefront_midi_resume(snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+
+{
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi = &card->wavefront.midi;
+	int istimer = 0;
+	bool pending_output = false;
+
+	midi->timer_card = card;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &midi->virtual) {
+		if (midi->mode[internal_mpu] & MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT_TRIGGER)
+			istimer++;
+		if (midi->mode[external_mpu] & MPU401_MODE_OUTPUT_TRIGGER)
+			istimer++;
+		if (!istimer)
+			return;
+
+		midi->istimer = istimer;
+		timer_setup(&midi->timer, snd_wavefront_midi_output_timer, 0);
+		mod_timer(&midi->timer, 1 + jiffies);
+		pending_output = true;
+	}
+
+	if (pending_output)
+		snd_wavefront_midi_output_write(card);
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_midi_start (snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+
+{
+	int ok, i;
+	unsigned char rbuf[4], wbuf[4];
+	snd_wavefront_t *dev;
+	snd_wavefront_midi_t *midi;
+
+	dev = &card->wavefront;
+	midi = &dev->midi;
+	midi->timer_card = card;
+
+	/* The ICS2115 MPU-401 interface doesn't do anything
+	   until its set into UART mode.
+	*/
+
+	/* XXX fix me - no hard timing loops allowed! */
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 30000 && !output_ready (midi); i++);
+
+	if (!output_ready (midi)) {
+		dev_err(card->wavefront.card->dev,
+			"MIDI interface not ready for command\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* Any interrupts received from now on
+	   are owned by the MIDI side of things.
+	*/
+
+	dev->interrupts_are_midi = 1;
+	
+	outb (UART_MODE_ON, midi->mpu_command_port);
+
+	for (ok = 0, i = 50000; i > 0 && !ok; i--) {
+		if (input_avail (midi)) {
+			if (read_data (midi) == MPU_ACK) {
+				ok = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!ok) {
+		dev_err(card->wavefront.card->dev,
+			"cannot set UART mode for MIDI interface");
+		dev->interrupts_are_midi = 0;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* Route external MIDI to WaveFront synth (by default) */
+    
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_MISYNTH_ON, rbuf, wbuf)) {
+		dev_warn(card->wavefront.card->dev,
+			 "can't enable MIDI-IN-2-synth routing.\n");
+		/* XXX error ? */
+	} else {
+		dev->midi_in_to_synth = 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Turn on Virtual MIDI, but first *always* turn it off,
+	   since otherwise consecutive reloads of the driver will
+	   never cause the hardware to generate the initial "internal" or 
+	   "external" source bytes in the MIDI data stream. This
+	   is pretty important, since the internal hardware generally will
+	   be used to generate none or very little MIDI output, and
+	   thus the only source of MIDI data is actually external. Without
+	   the switch bytes, the driver will think it all comes from
+	   the internal interface. Duh.
+	*/
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_VMIDI_OFF, rbuf, wbuf)) { 
+		dev_warn(card->wavefront.card->dev,
+			 "virtual MIDI mode not disabled\n");
+		return 0; /* We're OK, but missing the external MIDI dev */
+	}
+
+	snd_wavefront_midi_enable_virtual (card);
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_VMIDI_ON, rbuf, wbuf)) {
+		dev_warn(card->wavefront.card->dev,
+			 "cannot enable virtual MIDI mode.\n");
+		snd_wavefront_midi_disable_virtual (card);
+	} 
+	return 0;
+}
+
+const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_wavefront_midi_output =
+{
+	.open =		snd_wavefront_midi_output_open,
+	.close =	snd_wavefront_midi_output_close,
+	.trigger =	snd_wavefront_midi_output_trigger,
+};
+
+const struct snd_rawmidi_ops snd_wavefront_midi_input =
+{
+	.open =		snd_wavefront_midi_input_open,
+	.close =	snd_wavefront_midi_input_close,
+	.trigger =	snd_wavefront_midi_input_trigger,
+};
diff --git a/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_synth.c b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_synth.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0c8f5cf26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/wavefront/wavefront_synth.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2318 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/* Copyright (C) by Paul Barton-Davis 1998-1999
+ *
+ * Some portions of this file are taken from work that is
+ * copyright (C) by Hannu Savolainen 1993-1996
+ */
+
+/*  
+ * An ALSA lowlevel driver for Turtle Beach ICS2115 wavetable synth
+ *                                             (Maui, Tropez, Tropez Plus)
+ *
+ * This driver supports the onboard wavetable synthesizer (an ICS2115),
+ * including patch, sample and program loading and unloading, conversion
+ * of GUS patches during loading, and full user-level access to all
+ * WaveFront commands. It tries to provide semi-intelligent patch and
+ * sample management as well.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/wait.h>
+#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
+#include <linux/firmware.h>
+#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/snd_wavefront.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+
+static int wf_raw = 0; /* we normally check for "raw state" to firmware
+			  loading. if non-zero, then during driver loading, the
+			  state of the board is ignored, and we reset the
+			  board and load the firmware anyway.
+		       */
+		   
+static int fx_raw = 1; /* if this is zero, we'll leave the FX processor in
+			  whatever state it is when the driver is loaded.
+			  The default is to download the microprogram and
+			  associated coefficients to set it up for "default"
+			  operation, whatever that means.
+		       */
+
+static int debug_default = 0;  /* you can set this to control debugging
+				  during driver loading. it takes any combination
+				  of the WF_DEBUG_* flags defined in
+				  wavefront.h
+			       */
+
+/* XXX this needs to be made firmware and hardware version dependent */
+
+#define DEFAULT_OSPATH	"wavefront.os"
+static char *ospath = DEFAULT_OSPATH; /* the firmware file name */
+
+static int wait_usecs = 150; /* This magic number seems to give pretty optimal
+				throughput based on my limited experimentation.
+				If you want to play around with it and find a better
+				value, be my guest. Remember, the idea is to
+				get a number that causes us to just busy wait
+				for as many WaveFront commands as possible, without
+				coming up with a number so large that we hog the
+				whole CPU.
+
+				Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000
+				status waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
+			    */
+
+static int sleep_interval = 100;   /* HZ/sleep_interval seconds per sleep */
+static int sleep_tries = 50;       /* number of times we'll try to sleep */
+
+static int reset_time = 2;        /* hundreths of a second we wait after a HW
+				     reset for the expected interrupt.
+				  */
+
+static int ramcheck_time = 20;    /* time in seconds to wait while ROM code
+				     checks on-board RAM.
+				  */
+
+static int osrun_time = 10;       /* time in seconds we wait for the OS to
+				     start running.
+				  */
+module_param(wf_raw, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(wf_raw, "if non-zero, assume that we need to boot the OS");
+module_param(fx_raw, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(fx_raw, "if non-zero, assume that the FX process needs help");
+module_param(debug_default, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(debug_default, "debug parameters for card initialization");
+module_param(wait_usecs, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(wait_usecs, "how long to wait without sleeping, usecs");
+module_param(sleep_interval, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(sleep_interval, "how long to sleep when waiting for reply");
+module_param(sleep_tries, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(sleep_tries, "how many times to try sleeping during a wait");
+module_param(ospath, charp, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(ospath, "pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware");
+module_param(reset_time, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(reset_time, "how long to wait for a reset to take effect");
+module_param(ramcheck_time, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(ramcheck_time, "how many seconds to wait for the RAM test");
+module_param(osrun_time, int, 0444);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(osrun_time, "how many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS");
+
+/* if WF_DEBUG not defined, no run-time debugging messages will
+   be available via the debug flag setting. Given the current
+   beta state of the driver, this will remain set until a future 
+   version.
+*/
+
+#define WF_DEBUG 1
+
+#ifdef WF_DEBUG
+
+#define DPRINT(cond, ...) \
+       if ((dev->debug & (cond)) == (cond)) { \
+	     pr_debug(__VA_ARGS__); \
+       }
+#else
+#define DPRINT(cond, args...)
+#endif /* WF_DEBUG */
+
+#define LOGNAME "WaveFront: "
+
+/* bitmasks for WaveFront status port value */
+
+#define STAT_RINTR_ENABLED	0x01
+#define STAT_CAN_READ		0x02
+#define STAT_INTR_READ		0x04
+#define STAT_WINTR_ENABLED	0x10
+#define STAT_CAN_WRITE		0x20
+#define STAT_INTR_WRITE		0x40
+
+static int wavefront_delete_sample (snd_wavefront_t *, int sampnum);
+static int wavefront_find_free_sample (snd_wavefront_t *);
+
+struct wavefront_command {
+	int cmd;
+	char *action;
+	unsigned int read_cnt;
+	unsigned int write_cnt;
+	int need_ack;
+};
+
+static struct {
+	int errno;
+	const char *errstr;
+} wavefront_errors[] = {
+	{ 0x01, "Bad sample number" },
+	{ 0x02, "Out of sample memory" },
+	{ 0x03, "Bad patch number" },
+	{ 0x04, "Error in number of voices" },
+	{ 0x06, "Sample load already in progress" },
+	{ 0x0B, "No sample load request pending" },
+	{ 0x0E, "Bad MIDI channel number" },
+	{ 0x10, "Download Record Error" },
+	{ 0x80, "Success" },
+	{ 0x0 }
+};
+
+#define NEEDS_ACK 1
+
+static struct wavefront_command wavefront_commands[] = {
+	{ WFC_SET_SYNTHVOL, "set synthesizer volume", 0, 1, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_GET_SYNTHVOL, "get synthesizer volume", 1, 0, 0},
+	{ WFC_SET_NVOICES, "set number of voices", 0, 1, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_GET_NVOICES, "get number of voices", 1, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_SET_TUNING, "set synthesizer tuning", 0, 2, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_GET_TUNING, "get synthesizer tuning", 2, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_DISABLE_CHANNEL, "disable synth channel", 0, 1, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_ENABLE_CHANNEL, "enable synth channel", 0, 1, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_GET_CHANNEL_STATUS, "get synth channel status", 3, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_MISYNTH_OFF, "disable midi-in to synth", 0, 0, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_MISYNTH_ON, "enable midi-in to synth", 0, 0, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_VMIDI_ON, "enable virtual midi mode", 0, 0, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_VMIDI_OFF, "disable virtual midi mode", 0, 0, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_MIDI_STATUS, "report midi status", 1, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_FIRMWARE_VERSION, "report firmware version", 2, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_HARDWARE_VERSION, "report hardware version", 2, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_GET_NSAMPLES, "report number of samples", 2, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_INSTOUT_LEVELS, "report instantaneous output levels", 7, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_PEAKOUT_LEVELS, "report peak output levels", 7, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_SAMPLE, "download sample",
+	  0, WF_SAMPLE_BYTES, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_BLOCK, "download block", 0, 0, NEEDS_ACK},
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_SAMPLE_HEADER, "download sample header",
+	  0, WF_SAMPLE_HDR_BYTES, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_UPLOAD_SAMPLE_HEADER, "upload sample header", 13, 2, 0 },
+
+	/* This command requires a variable number of bytes to be written.
+	   There is a hack in snd_wavefront_cmd() to support this. The actual
+	   count is passed in as the read buffer ptr, cast appropriately.
+	   Ugh.
+	*/
+
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_MULTISAMPLE, "download multisample", 0, 0, NEEDS_ACK },
+
+	/* This one is a hack as well. We just read the first byte of the
+	   response, don't fetch an ACK, and leave the rest to the 
+	   calling function. Ugly, ugly, ugly.
+	*/
+
+	{ WFC_UPLOAD_MULTISAMPLE, "upload multisample", 2, 1, 0 },
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_SAMPLE_ALIAS, "download sample alias",
+	  0, WF_ALIAS_BYTES, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_UPLOAD_SAMPLE_ALIAS, "upload sample alias", WF_ALIAS_BYTES, 2, 0},
+	{ WFC_DELETE_SAMPLE, "delete sample", 0, 2, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_IDENTIFY_SAMPLE_TYPE, "identify sample type", 5, 2, 0 },
+	{ WFC_UPLOAD_SAMPLE_PARAMS, "upload sample parameters" },
+	{ WFC_REPORT_FREE_MEMORY, "report free memory", 4, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_PATCH, "download patch", 0, 134, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_UPLOAD_PATCH, "upload patch", 132, 2, 0 },
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_PROGRAM, "download program", 0, 33, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_UPLOAD_PROGRAM, "upload program", 32, 1, 0 },
+	{ WFC_DOWNLOAD_EDRUM_PROGRAM, "download enhanced drum program", 0, 9,
+	  NEEDS_ACK},
+	{ WFC_UPLOAD_EDRUM_PROGRAM, "upload enhanced drum program", 8, 1, 0},
+	{ WFC_SET_EDRUM_CHANNEL, "set enhanced drum program channel",
+	  0, 1, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_DISABLE_DRUM_PROGRAM, "disable drum program", 0, 1, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ WFC_REPORT_CHANNEL_PROGRAMS, "report channel program numbers",
+	  32, 0, 0 },
+	{ WFC_NOOP, "the no-op command", 0, 0, NEEDS_ACK },
+	{ 0x00 }
+};
+
+static const char *
+wavefront_errorstr (int errnum)
+
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; wavefront_errors[i].errstr; i++) {
+		if (wavefront_errors[i].errno == errnum) {
+			return wavefront_errors[i].errstr;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return "Unknown WaveFront error";
+}
+
+static struct wavefront_command *
+wavefront_get_command (int cmd) 
+
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; wavefront_commands[i].cmd != 0; i++) {
+		if (cmd == wavefront_commands[i].cmd) {
+			return &wavefront_commands[i];
+		}
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static inline int
+wavefront_status (snd_wavefront_t *dev) 
+
+{
+	return inb (dev->status_port);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_sleep (int limit)
+
+{
+	schedule_timeout_interruptible(limit);
+
+	return signal_pending(current);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_wait (snd_wavefront_t *dev, int mask)
+
+{
+	int             i;
+
+	/* Spin for a short period of time, because >99% of all
+	   requests to the WaveFront can be serviced inline like this.
+	*/
+
+	for (i = 0; i < wait_usecs; i += 5) {
+		if (wavefront_status (dev) & mask) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+		udelay(5);
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < sleep_tries; i++) {
+
+		if (wavefront_status (dev) & mask) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		if (wavefront_sleep (HZ/sleep_interval)) {
+			return (0);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_read (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	if (wavefront_wait (dev, STAT_CAN_READ))
+		return inb (dev->data_port);
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "read timeout.\n");
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_write (snd_wavefront_t *dev, unsigned char data)
+
+{
+	if (wavefront_wait (dev, STAT_CAN_WRITE)) {
+		outb (data, dev->data_port);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "write timeout.\n");
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_cmd (snd_wavefront_t *dev, 
+		   int cmd, unsigned char *rbuf, unsigned char *wbuf)
+
+{
+	int ack;
+	unsigned int i;
+	int c;
+	struct wavefront_command *wfcmd;
+
+	wfcmd = wavefront_get_command(cmd);
+	if (!wfcmd) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "command 0x%x not supported.\n",
+			cmd);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/* Hack to handle the one variable-size write command. See
+	   wavefront_send_multisample() for the other half of this
+	   gross and ugly strategy.
+	*/
+
+	if (cmd == WFC_DOWNLOAD_MULTISAMPLE) {
+		wfcmd->write_cnt = (unsigned long) rbuf;
+		rbuf = NULL;
+	}
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_CMD, "0x%x [%s] (%d,%d,%d)\n",
+			       cmd, wfcmd->action, wfcmd->read_cnt,
+			       wfcmd->write_cnt, wfcmd->need_ack);
+    
+	if (wavefront_write (dev, cmd)) { 
+		DPRINT ((WF_DEBUG_IO|WF_DEBUG_CMD), "cannot request "
+						     "0x%x [%s].\n",
+						     cmd, wfcmd->action);
+		return 1;
+	} 
+
+	if (wfcmd->write_cnt > 0) {
+		DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "writing %d bytes "
+					"for 0x%x\n",
+					wfcmd->write_cnt, cmd);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < wfcmd->write_cnt; i++) {
+			if (wavefront_write (dev, wbuf[i])) {
+				DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_IO, "bad write for byte "
+						      "%d of 0x%x [%s].\n",
+						      i, cmd, wfcmd->action);
+				return 1;
+			}
+
+			DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "write[%d] = 0x%x\n",
+						i, wbuf[i]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (wfcmd->read_cnt > 0) {
+		DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "reading %d ints "
+					"for 0x%x\n",
+					wfcmd->read_cnt, cmd);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < wfcmd->read_cnt; i++) {
+
+			c = wavefront_read(dev);
+			if (c == -1) {
+				DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_IO, "bad read for byte "
+						      "%d of 0x%x [%s].\n",
+						      i, cmd, wfcmd->action);
+				return 1;
+			}
+
+			/* Now handle errors. Lots of special cases here */
+	    
+			if (c == 0xff) { 
+				c = wavefront_read(dev);
+				if (c == -1) {
+					DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_IO, "bad read for "
+							      "error byte at "
+							      "read byte %d "
+							      "of 0x%x [%s].\n",
+							      i, cmd,
+							      wfcmd->action);
+					return 1;
+				}
+
+				/* Can you believe this madness ? */
+
+				if (c == 1 &&
+				    wfcmd->cmd == WFC_IDENTIFY_SAMPLE_TYPE) {
+					rbuf[0] = WF_ST_EMPTY;
+					return (0);
+
+				} else if (c == 3 &&
+					   wfcmd->cmd == WFC_UPLOAD_PATCH) {
+
+					return 3;
+
+				} else if (c == 1 &&
+					   wfcmd->cmd == WFC_UPLOAD_PROGRAM) {
+
+					return 1;
+
+				} else {
+
+					DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_IO, "error %d (%s) "
+							      "during "
+							      "read for byte "
+							      "%d of 0x%x "
+							      "[%s].\n",
+							      c,
+							      wavefront_errorstr (c),
+							      i, cmd,
+							      wfcmd->action);
+					return 1;
+
+				}
+		
+		} else {
+				rbuf[i] = c;
+			}
+			
+			DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "read[%d] = 0x%x\n",i, rbuf[i]);
+		}
+	}
+	
+	if ((wfcmd->read_cnt == 0 && wfcmd->write_cnt == 0) || wfcmd->need_ack) {
+
+		DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_CMD, "reading ACK for 0x%x\n", cmd);
+
+		/* Some commands need an ACK, but return zero instead
+		   of the standard value.
+		*/
+	    
+		ack = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (ack == 0)
+			ack = WF_ACK;
+	
+		if (ack != WF_ACK) {
+			if (ack == -1) {
+				DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_IO, "cannot read ack for "
+						      "0x%x [%s].\n",
+						      cmd, wfcmd->action);
+				return 1;
+		
+			} else {
+				int err = -1; /* something unknown */
+
+				if (ack == 0xff) { /* explicit error */
+		    
+					err = wavefront_read(dev);
+					if (err == -1) {
+						DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA,
+							"cannot read err "
+							"for 0x%x [%s].\n",
+							cmd, wfcmd->action);
+					}
+				}
+				
+				DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_IO, "0x%x [%s] "
+					"failed (0x%x, 0x%x, %s)\n",
+					cmd, wfcmd->action, ack, err,
+					wavefront_errorstr (err));
+				
+				return -err;
+			}
+		}
+		
+		DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "ack received "
+					"for 0x%x [%s]\n",
+					cmd, wfcmd->action);
+	} else {
+
+		DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_CMD, "0x%x [%s] does not need "
+				       "ACK (%d,%d,%d)\n",
+				       cmd, wfcmd->action, wfcmd->read_cnt,
+				       wfcmd->write_cnt, wfcmd->need_ack);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+	
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+WaveFront data munging   
+
+Things here are weird. All data written to the board cannot 
+have its most significant bit set. Any data item with values 
+potentially > 0x7F (127) must be split across multiple bytes.
+
+Sometimes, we need to munge numeric values that are represented on
+the x86 side as 8-32 bit values. Sometimes, we need to munge data
+that is represented on the x86 side as an array of bytes. The most
+efficient approach to handling both cases seems to be to use 2
+different functions for munging and 2 for de-munging. This avoids
+weird casting and worrying about bit-level offsets.
+
+**********************************************************************/
+
+static unsigned char *
+munge_int32 (unsigned int src,
+	     unsigned char *dst,
+	     unsigned int dst_size)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < dst_size; i++) {
+		*dst = src & 0x7F;  /* Mask high bit of LSB */
+		src = src >> 7;     /* Rotate Right 7 bits  */
+	                            /* Note: we leave the upper bits in place */ 
+
+		dst++;
+	}
+	return dst;
+};
+
+static int 
+demunge_int32 (unsigned char* src, int src_size)
+
+{
+	int i;
+ 	int outval = 0;
+	
+ 	for (i = src_size - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+		outval=(outval<<7)+src[i];
+	}
+
+	return outval;
+};
+
+static 
+unsigned char *
+munge_buf (unsigned char *src, unsigned char *dst, unsigned int dst_size)
+
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+	unsigned int last = dst_size / 2;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < last; i++) {
+		*dst++ = src[i] & 0x7f;
+		*dst++ = src[i] >> 7;
+	}
+	return dst;
+}
+
+static 
+unsigned char *
+demunge_buf (unsigned char *src, unsigned char *dst, unsigned int src_bytes)
+
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned char *end = src + src_bytes;
+    
+	/* NOTE: src and dst *CAN* point to the same address */
+
+	for (i = 0; src != end; i++) {
+		dst[i] = *src++;
+		dst[i] |= (*src++)<<7;
+	}
+
+	return dst;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+WaveFront: sample, patch and program management.
+***********************************************************************/
+
+static int
+wavefront_delete_sample (snd_wavefront_t *dev, int sample_num)
+
+{
+	unsigned char wbuf[2];
+	int x;
+
+	wbuf[0] = sample_num & 0x7f;
+	wbuf[1] = sample_num >> 7;
+
+	x = snd_wavefront_cmd(dev, WFC_DELETE_SAMPLE, NULL, wbuf);
+	if (!x)
+		dev->sample_status[sample_num] = WF_ST_EMPTY;
+
+	return x;
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_get_sample_status (snd_wavefront_t *dev, int assume_rom)
+
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned char rbuf[32], wbuf[32];
+	unsigned int    sc_real, sc_alias, sc_multi;
+
+	/* check sample status */
+    
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_GET_NSAMPLES, rbuf, wbuf)) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "cannot request sample count.\n");
+		return -1;
+	} 
+    
+	sc_real = sc_alias = sc_multi = dev->samples_used = 0;
+    
+	for (i = 0; i < WF_MAX_SAMPLE; i++) {
+	
+		wbuf[0] = i & 0x7f;
+		wbuf[1] = i >> 7;
+
+		if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_IDENTIFY_SAMPLE_TYPE, rbuf, wbuf)) {
+			dev_warn(dev->card->dev,
+				 "cannot identify sample type of slot %d\n", i);
+			dev->sample_status[i] = WF_ST_EMPTY;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		dev->sample_status[i] = (WF_SLOT_FILLED|rbuf[0]);
+
+		if (assume_rom) {
+			dev->sample_status[i] |= WF_SLOT_ROM;
+		}
+
+		switch (rbuf[0] & WF_ST_MASK) {
+		case WF_ST_SAMPLE:
+			sc_real++;
+			break;
+		case WF_ST_MULTISAMPLE:
+			sc_multi++;
+			break;
+		case WF_ST_ALIAS:
+			sc_alias++;
+			break;
+		case WF_ST_EMPTY:
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"unknown sample type for slot %d (0x%x)\n",
+				i, rbuf[0]);
+		}
+
+		if (rbuf[0] != WF_ST_EMPTY) {
+			dev->samples_used++;
+		} 
+	}
+
+	dev_info(dev->card->dev,
+		 "%d samples used (%d real, %d aliases, %d multi), %d empty\n",
+		 dev->samples_used, sc_real, sc_alias, sc_multi,
+		 WF_MAX_SAMPLE - dev->samples_used);
+
+
+	return (0);
+
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_get_patch_status (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	unsigned char patchbuf[WF_PATCH_BYTES];
+	unsigned char patchnum[2];
+	wavefront_patch *p;
+	int i, x, cnt, cnt2;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < WF_MAX_PATCH; i++) {
+		patchnum[0] = i & 0x7f;
+		patchnum[1] = i >> 7;
+
+		x = snd_wavefront_cmd(dev, WFC_UPLOAD_PATCH, patchbuf,
+				      patchnum);
+		if (x == 0) {
+
+			dev->patch_status[i] |= WF_SLOT_FILLED;
+			p = (wavefront_patch *) patchbuf;
+			dev->sample_status
+				[p->sample_number|(p->sample_msb<<7)] |=
+				WF_SLOT_USED;
+	    
+		} else if (x == 3) { /* Bad patch number */
+			dev->patch_status[i] = 0;
+		} else {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"upload patch error 0x%x\n", x);
+			dev->patch_status[i] = 0;
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* program status has already filled in slot_used bits */
+
+	for (i = 0, cnt = 0, cnt2 = 0; i < WF_MAX_PATCH; i++) {
+		if (dev->patch_status[i] & WF_SLOT_FILLED) {
+			cnt++;
+		}
+		if (dev->patch_status[i] & WF_SLOT_USED) {
+			cnt2++;
+		}
+	
+	}
+	dev_info(dev->card->dev, "%d patch slots filled, %d in use\n",
+		 cnt, cnt2);
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_get_program_status (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	unsigned char progbuf[WF_PROGRAM_BYTES];
+	wavefront_program prog;
+	unsigned char prognum;
+	int i, x, l, cnt;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < WF_MAX_PROGRAM; i++) {
+		prognum = i;
+
+		x = snd_wavefront_cmd(dev, WFC_UPLOAD_PROGRAM, progbuf,
+				      &prognum);
+		if (x == 0) {
+
+			dev->prog_status[i] |= WF_SLOT_USED;
+
+			demunge_buf (progbuf, (unsigned char *) &prog,
+				     WF_PROGRAM_BYTES);
+
+			for (l = 0; l < WF_NUM_LAYERS; l++) {
+				if (prog.layer[l].mute) {
+					dev->patch_status
+						[prog.layer[l].patch_number] |=
+						WF_SLOT_USED;
+				}
+			}
+		} else if (x == 1) { /* Bad program number */
+			dev->prog_status[i] = 0;
+		} else {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"upload program error 0x%x\n", x);
+			dev->prog_status[i] = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0, cnt = 0; i < WF_MAX_PROGRAM; i++) {
+		if (dev->prog_status[i]) {
+			cnt++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	dev_info(dev->card->dev, "%d programs slots in use\n", cnt);
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_send_patch (snd_wavefront_t *dev, wavefront_patch_info *header)
+
+{
+	unsigned char buf[WF_PATCH_BYTES+2];
+	unsigned char *bptr;
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "downloading patch %d\n",
+				      header->number);
+
+	if (header->number >= ARRAY_SIZE(dev->patch_status))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	dev->patch_status[header->number] |= WF_SLOT_FILLED;
+
+	bptr = munge_int32 (header->number, buf, 2);
+	munge_buf ((unsigned char *)&header->hdr.p, bptr, WF_PATCH_BYTES);
+    
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_DOWNLOAD_PATCH, NULL, buf)) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "download patch failed\n");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_send_program (snd_wavefront_t *dev, wavefront_patch_info *header)
+
+{
+	unsigned char buf[WF_PROGRAM_BYTES+1];
+	int i;
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "downloading program %d\n",
+		header->number);
+
+	if (header->number >= ARRAY_SIZE(dev->prog_status))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	dev->prog_status[header->number] = WF_SLOT_USED;
+
+	/* XXX need to zero existing SLOT_USED bit for program_status[i]
+	   where `i' is the program that's being (potentially) overwritten.
+	*/
+    
+	for (i = 0; i < WF_NUM_LAYERS; i++) {
+		if (header->hdr.pr.layer[i].mute) {
+			dev->patch_status[header->hdr.pr.layer[i].patch_number] |=
+				WF_SLOT_USED;
+
+			/* XXX need to mark SLOT_USED for sample used by
+			   patch_number, but this means we have to load it. Ick.
+			*/
+		}
+	}
+
+	buf[0] = header->number;
+	munge_buf ((unsigned char *)&header->hdr.pr, &buf[1], WF_PROGRAM_BYTES);
+    
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_DOWNLOAD_PROGRAM, NULL, buf)) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "download patch failed\n");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_freemem (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	char rbuf[8];
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_REPORT_FREE_MEMORY, rbuf, NULL)) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "can't get memory stats.\n");
+		return -1;
+	} else {
+		return demunge_int32 (rbuf, 4);
+	}
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_send_sample (snd_wavefront_t *dev, 
+		       wavefront_patch_info *header,
+		       u16 __user *dataptr,
+		       int data_is_unsigned)
+
+{
+	/* samples are downloaded via a 16-bit wide i/o port
+	   (you could think of it as 2 adjacent 8-bit wide ports
+	   but its less efficient that way). therefore, all
+	   the blocksizes and so forth listed in the documentation,
+	   and used conventionally to refer to sample sizes,
+	   which are given in 8-bit units (bytes), need to be
+	   divided by 2.
+        */
+
+	u16 sample_short = 0;
+	u32 length;
+	u16 __user *data_end = NULL;
+	unsigned int i;
+	const unsigned int max_blksize = 4096/2;
+	unsigned int written;
+	unsigned int blocksize;
+	int dma_ack;
+	int blocknum;
+	unsigned char sample_hdr[WF_SAMPLE_HDR_BYTES];
+	unsigned char *shptr;
+	int skip = 0;
+	int initial_skip = 0;
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "sample %sdownload for slot %d, "
+				      "type %d, %d bytes from 0x%lx\n",
+				      header->size ? "" : "header ", 
+				      header->number, header->subkey,
+				      header->size,
+				      (unsigned long) header->dataptr);
+
+	if (header->number == WAVEFRONT_FIND_FREE_SAMPLE_SLOT) {
+		int x;
+
+		x = wavefront_find_free_sample(dev);
+		if (x < 0)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		dev_info(dev->card->dev, "unspecified sample => %d\n", x);
+		header->number = x;
+	}
+
+	if (header->number >= WF_MAX_SAMPLE)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (header->size) {
+
+		/* XXX it's a debatable point whether or not RDONLY semantics
+		   on the ROM samples should cover just the sample data or
+		   the sample header. For now, it only covers the sample data,
+		   so anyone is free at all times to rewrite sample headers.
+
+		   My reason for this is that we have the sample headers
+		   available in the WFB file for General MIDI, and so these
+		   can always be reset if needed. The sample data, however,
+		   cannot be recovered without a complete reset and firmware
+		   reload of the ICS2115, which is a very expensive operation.
+
+		   So, doing things this way allows us to honor the notion of
+		   "RESETSAMPLES" reasonably cheaply. Note however, that this
+		   is done purely at user level: there is no WFB parser in
+		   this driver, and so a complete reset (back to General MIDI,
+		   or theoretically some other configuration) is the
+		   responsibility of the user level library. 
+
+		   To try to do this in the kernel would be a little
+		   crazy: we'd need 158K of kernel space just to hold
+		   a copy of the patch/program/sample header data.
+		*/
+
+		if (dev->rom_samples_rdonly) {
+			if (dev->sample_status[header->number] & WF_SLOT_ROM) {
+				dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+					"sample slot %d write protected\n",
+					header->number);
+				return -EACCES;
+			}
+		}
+
+		wavefront_delete_sample (dev, header->number);
+	}
+
+	if (header->size) {
+		dev->freemem = wavefront_freemem (dev);
+
+		if (dev->freemem < 0 || dev->freemem < header->size) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"insufficient memory to load %u byte sample.\n",
+				header->size);
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		}
+	
+	}
+
+	skip = WF_GET_CHANNEL(&header->hdr.s);
+
+	if (skip > 0 && header->hdr.s.SampleResolution != LINEAR_16BIT) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+			"channel selection only possible on 16-bit samples");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	switch (skip) {
+	case 0:
+		initial_skip = 0;
+		skip = 1;
+		break;
+	case 1:
+		initial_skip = 0;
+		skip = 2;
+		break;
+	case 2:
+		initial_skip = 1;
+		skip = 2;
+		break;
+	case 3:
+		initial_skip = 2;
+		skip = 3;
+		break;
+	case 4:
+		initial_skip = 3;
+		skip = 4;
+		break;
+	case 5:
+		initial_skip = 4;
+		skip = 5;
+		break;
+	case 6:
+		initial_skip = 5;
+		skip = 6;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "channel selection: %d => "
+				      "initial skip = %d, skip = %d\n",
+				      WF_GET_CHANNEL (&header->hdr.s),
+				      initial_skip, skip);
+    
+	/* Be safe, and zero the "Unused" bits ... */
+
+	WF_SET_CHANNEL(&header->hdr.s, 0);
+
+	/* adjust size for 16 bit samples by dividing by two.  We always
+	   send 16 bits per write, even for 8 bit samples, so the length
+	   is always half the size of the sample data in bytes.
+	*/
+
+	length = header->size / 2;
+
+	/* the data we're sent has not been munged, and in fact, the
+	   header we have to send isn't just a munged copy either.
+	   so, build the sample header right here.
+	*/
+
+	shptr = &sample_hdr[0];
+
+	shptr = munge_int32 (header->number, shptr, 2);
+
+	if (header->size) {
+		shptr = munge_int32 (length, shptr, 4);
+	}
+
+	/* Yes, a 4 byte result doesn't contain all of the offset bits,
+	   but the offset only uses 24 bits.
+	*/
+
+	shptr = munge_int32 (*((u32 *) &header->hdr.s.sampleStartOffset),
+			     shptr, 4);
+	shptr = munge_int32 (*((u32 *) &header->hdr.s.loopStartOffset),
+			     shptr, 4);
+	shptr = munge_int32 (*((u32 *) &header->hdr.s.loopEndOffset),
+			     shptr, 4);
+	shptr = munge_int32 (*((u32 *) &header->hdr.s.sampleEndOffset),
+			     shptr, 4);
+	
+	/* This one is truly weird. What kind of weirdo decided that in
+	   a system dominated by 16 and 32 bit integers, they would use
+	   a just 12 bits ?
+	*/
+	
+	shptr = munge_int32 (header->hdr.s.FrequencyBias, shptr, 3);
+	
+	/* Why is this nybblified, when the MSB is *always* zero ? 
+	   Anyway, we can't take address of bitfield, so make a
+	   good-faith guess at where it starts.
+	*/
+	
+	shptr = munge_int32 (*(&header->hdr.s.FrequencyBias+1),
+			     shptr, 2);
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, 
+			   header->size ?
+			   WFC_DOWNLOAD_SAMPLE : WFC_DOWNLOAD_SAMPLE_HEADER,
+			   NULL, sample_hdr)) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "sample %sdownload refused.\n",
+			header->size ? "" : "header ");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	if (header->size == 0) {
+		goto sent; /* Sorry. Just had to have one somewhere */
+	}
+    
+	data_end = dataptr + length;
+
+	/* Do any initial skip over an unused channel's data */
+
+	dataptr += initial_skip;
+    
+	for (written = 0, blocknum = 0;
+	     written < length; written += max_blksize, blocknum++) {
+	
+		if ((length - written) > max_blksize) {
+			blocksize = max_blksize;
+		} else {
+			/* round to nearest 16-byte value */
+			blocksize = ALIGN(length - written, 8);
+		}
+
+		if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_DOWNLOAD_BLOCK, NULL, NULL)) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"download block request refused.\n");
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+
+		for (i = 0; i < blocksize; i++) {
+
+			if (dataptr < data_end) {
+		
+				if (get_user(sample_short, dataptr))
+					return -EFAULT;
+				dataptr += skip;
+		
+				if (data_is_unsigned) { /* GUS ? */
+
+					if (WF_SAMPLE_IS_8BIT(&header->hdr.s)) {
+			
+						/* 8 bit sample
+						 resolution, sign
+						 extend both bytes.
+						*/
+			
+						((unsigned char*)
+						 &sample_short)[0] += 0x7f;
+						((unsigned char*)
+						 &sample_short)[1] += 0x7f;
+			
+					} else {
+			
+						/* 16 bit sample
+						 resolution, sign
+						 extend the MSB.
+						*/
+			
+						sample_short += 0x7fff;
+					}
+				}
+
+			} else {
+
+				/* In padding section of final block:
+
+				   Don't fetch unsupplied data from
+				   user space, just continue with
+				   whatever the final value was.
+				*/
+			}
+	    
+			if (i < blocksize - 1) {
+				outw (sample_short, dev->block_port);
+			} else {
+				outw (sample_short, dev->last_block_port);
+			}
+		}
+
+		/* Get "DMA page acknowledge", even though its really
+		   nothing to do with DMA at all.
+		*/
+	
+		dma_ack = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (dma_ack != WF_DMA_ACK) {
+			if (dma_ack == -1) {
+				dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+					"upload sample DMA ack timeout\n");
+				return -EIO;
+			} else {
+				dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+					"upload sample DMA ack error 0x%x\n",
+					dma_ack);
+				return -EIO;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	dev->sample_status[header->number] = (WF_SLOT_FILLED|WF_ST_SAMPLE);
+
+	/* Note, label is here because sending the sample header shouldn't
+	   alter the sample_status info at all.
+	*/
+
+ sent:
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_send_alias (snd_wavefront_t *dev, wavefront_patch_info *header)
+
+{
+	unsigned char alias_hdr[WF_ALIAS_BYTES];
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "download alias, %d is "
+				      "alias for %d\n",
+				      header->number,
+				      header->hdr.a.OriginalSample);
+
+	if (header->number >= WF_MAX_SAMPLE)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	munge_int32 (header->number, &alias_hdr[0], 2);
+	munge_int32 (header->hdr.a.OriginalSample, &alias_hdr[2], 2);
+	munge_int32 (*((unsigned int *)&header->hdr.a.sampleStartOffset),
+		     &alias_hdr[4], 4);
+	munge_int32 (*((unsigned int *)&header->hdr.a.loopStartOffset),
+		     &alias_hdr[8], 4);
+	munge_int32 (*((unsigned int *)&header->hdr.a.loopEndOffset),
+		     &alias_hdr[12], 4);
+	munge_int32 (*((unsigned int *)&header->hdr.a.sampleEndOffset),
+		     &alias_hdr[16], 4);
+	munge_int32 (header->hdr.a.FrequencyBias, &alias_hdr[20], 3);
+	munge_int32 (*(&header->hdr.a.FrequencyBias+1), &alias_hdr[23], 2);
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_DOWNLOAD_SAMPLE_ALIAS, NULL, alias_hdr)) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "download alias failed.\n");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	dev->sample_status[header->number] = (WF_SLOT_FILLED|WF_ST_ALIAS);
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_send_multisample (snd_wavefront_t *dev, wavefront_patch_info *header)
+{
+	int i;
+	int num_samples;
+	unsigned char *msample_hdr;
+
+	if (header->number >= WF_MAX_SAMPLE)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	msample_hdr = kmalloc(WF_MSAMPLE_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (! msample_hdr)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	munge_int32 (header->number, &msample_hdr[0], 2);
+
+	/* You'll recall at this point that the "number of samples" value
+	   in a wavefront_multisample struct is actually the log2 of the
+	   real number of samples.
+	*/
+
+	num_samples = (1<<(header->hdr.ms.NumberOfSamples&7));
+	msample_hdr[2] = (unsigned char) header->hdr.ms.NumberOfSamples;
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "multi %d with %d=%d samples\n",
+				      header->number,
+				      header->hdr.ms.NumberOfSamples,
+				      num_samples);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < num_samples; i++) {
+		DPRINT(WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH|WF_DEBUG_DATA, "sample[%d] = %d\n",
+		       i, header->hdr.ms.SampleNumber[i]);
+		munge_int32 (header->hdr.ms.SampleNumber[i],
+		     &msample_hdr[3+(i*2)], 2);
+	}
+    
+	/* Need a hack here to pass in the number of bytes
+	   to be written to the synth. This is ugly, and perhaps
+	   one day, I'll fix it.
+	*/
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_DOWNLOAD_MULTISAMPLE, 
+			   (unsigned char *) (long) ((num_samples*2)+3),
+			   msample_hdr)) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "download of multisample failed.\n");
+		kfree(msample_hdr);
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	dev->sample_status[header->number] = (WF_SLOT_FILLED|WF_ST_MULTISAMPLE);
+
+	kfree(msample_hdr);
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_fetch_multisample (snd_wavefront_t *dev, 
+			     wavefront_patch_info *header)
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned char log_ns[1];
+	unsigned char number[2];
+	int num_samples;
+
+	munge_int32 (header->number, number, 2);
+    
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_UPLOAD_MULTISAMPLE, log_ns, number)) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "upload multisample failed.\n");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+    
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "msample %d has %d samples\n",
+				header->number, log_ns[0]);
+
+	header->hdr.ms.NumberOfSamples = log_ns[0];
+
+	/* get the number of samples ... */
+
+	num_samples = (1 << log_ns[0]);
+    
+	for (i = 0; i < num_samples; i++) {
+		char d[2];
+		int val;
+	
+		val = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (val == -1) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"upload multisample failed during sample loop.\n");
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+		d[0] = val;
+
+		val = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (val == -1) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"upload multisample failed during sample loop.\n");
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+		d[1] = val;
+	
+		header->hdr.ms.SampleNumber[i] =
+			demunge_int32 ((unsigned char *) d, 2);
+	
+		DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_DATA, "msample sample[%d] = %d\n",
+					i, header->hdr.ms.SampleNumber[i]);
+	}
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+
+static int
+wavefront_send_drum (snd_wavefront_t *dev, wavefront_patch_info *header)
+
+{
+	unsigned char drumbuf[WF_DRUM_BYTES];
+	wavefront_drum *drum = &header->hdr.d;
+	int i;
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "downloading edrum for MIDI "
+		"note %d, patch = %d\n", 
+		header->number, drum->PatchNumber);
+
+	drumbuf[0] = header->number & 0x7f;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+		munge_int32 (((unsigned char *)drum)[i], &drumbuf[1+(i*2)], 2);
+	}
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_DOWNLOAD_EDRUM_PROGRAM, NULL, drumbuf)) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "download drum failed.\n");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+static int 
+wavefront_find_free_sample (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < WF_MAX_SAMPLE; i++) {
+		if (!(dev->sample_status[i] & WF_SLOT_FILLED)) {
+			return i;
+		}
+	}
+	dev_err(dev->card->dev, "no free sample slots!\n");
+	return -1;
+}
+
+#if 0
+static int 
+wavefront_find_free_patch (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < WF_MAX_PATCH; i++) {
+		if (!(dev->patch_status[i] & WF_SLOT_FILLED)) {
+			return i;
+		}
+	}
+	dev_err(dev->card->dev, "no free patch slots!\n");
+	return -1;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int
+wavefront_load_patch (snd_wavefront_t *dev, const char __user *addr)
+{
+	wavefront_patch_info *header;
+	int err;
+	
+	header = kmalloc_obj(*header);
+	if (! header)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	if (copy_from_user (header, addr, sizeof(wavefront_patch_info) -
+			    sizeof(wavefront_any))) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "bad address for load patch.\n");
+		err = -EFAULT;
+		goto __error;
+	}
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_LOAD_PATCH, "download "
+				      "Sample type: %d "
+				      "Sample number: %d "
+				      "Sample size: %d\n",
+				      header->subkey,
+				      header->number,
+				      header->size);
+
+	switch (header->subkey) {
+	case WF_ST_SAMPLE:  /* sample or sample_header, based on patch->size */
+
+		if (copy_from_user (&header->hdr.s, header->hdrptr,
+				    sizeof (wavefront_sample))) {
+			err = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = wavefront_send_sample (dev, header, header->dataptr, 0);
+		break;
+
+	case WF_ST_MULTISAMPLE:
+
+		if (copy_from_user (&header->hdr.s, header->hdrptr,
+				    sizeof (wavefront_multisample))) {
+			err = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = wavefront_send_multisample (dev, header);
+		break;
+
+	case WF_ST_ALIAS:
+
+		if (copy_from_user (&header->hdr.a, header->hdrptr,
+				    sizeof (wavefront_alias))) {
+			err = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = wavefront_send_alias (dev, header);
+		break;
+
+	case WF_ST_DRUM:
+		if (copy_from_user (&header->hdr.d, header->hdrptr,
+				    sizeof (wavefront_drum))) {
+			err = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = wavefront_send_drum (dev, header);
+		break;
+
+	case WF_ST_PATCH:
+		if (copy_from_user (&header->hdr.p, header->hdrptr,
+				    sizeof (wavefront_patch))) {
+			err = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+		
+		err = wavefront_send_patch (dev, header);
+		break;
+
+	case WF_ST_PROGRAM:
+		if (copy_from_user (&header->hdr.pr, header->hdrptr,
+				    sizeof (wavefront_program))) {
+			err = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		err = wavefront_send_program (dev, header);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "unknown patch type %d.\n",
+			header->subkey);
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		break;
+	}
+
+ __error:
+	kfree(header);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/***********************************************************************
+WaveFront: hardware-dependent interface
+***********************************************************************/
+
+static void
+process_sample_hdr (u8 *buf)
+
+{
+	wavefront_sample s;
+	u8 *ptr;
+
+	ptr = buf;
+
+	/* The board doesn't send us an exact copy of a "wavefront_sample"
+	   in response to an Upload Sample Header command. Instead, we 
+	   have to convert the data format back into our data structure,
+	   just as in the Download Sample command, where we have to do
+	   something very similar in the reverse direction.
+	*/
+
+	*((u32 *) &s.sampleStartOffset) = demunge_int32 (ptr, 4); ptr += 4;
+	*((u32 *) &s.loopStartOffset) = demunge_int32 (ptr, 4); ptr += 4;
+	*((u32 *) &s.loopEndOffset) = demunge_int32 (ptr, 4); ptr += 4;
+	*((u32 *) &s.sampleEndOffset) = demunge_int32 (ptr, 4); ptr += 4;
+	*((u32 *) &s.FrequencyBias) = demunge_int32 (ptr, 3); ptr += 3;
+
+	s.SampleResolution = *ptr & 0x3;
+	s.Loop = *ptr & 0x8;
+	s.Bidirectional = *ptr & 0x10;
+	s.Reverse = *ptr & 0x40;
+
+	/* Now copy it back to where it came from */
+
+	memcpy (buf, (unsigned char *) &s, sizeof (wavefront_sample));
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_synth_control (snd_wavefront_card_t *acard, 
+			 wavefront_control *wc)
+
+{
+	snd_wavefront_t *dev = &acard->wavefront;
+	unsigned char patchnumbuf[2];
+	int i;
+
+	DPRINT (WF_DEBUG_CMD, "synth control with "
+		"cmd 0x%x\n", wc->cmd);
+
+	/* Pre-handling of or for various commands */
+
+	switch (wc->cmd) {
+		
+	case WFC_DISABLE_INTERRUPTS:
+		dev_dbg(dev->card->dev, "interrupts disabled.\n");
+		outb (0x80|0x20, dev->control_port);
+		dev->interrupts_are_midi = 1;
+		return 0;
+
+	case WFC_ENABLE_INTERRUPTS:
+		dev_dbg(dev->card->dev, "interrupts enabled.\n");
+		outb (0x80|0x40|0x20, dev->control_port);
+		dev->interrupts_are_midi = 1;
+		return 0;
+
+	case WFC_INTERRUPT_STATUS:
+		wc->rbuf[0] = dev->interrupts_are_midi;
+		return 0;
+
+	case WFC_ROMSAMPLES_RDONLY:
+		dev->rom_samples_rdonly = wc->wbuf[0];
+		wc->status = 0;
+		return 0;
+
+	case WFC_IDENTIFY_SLOT_TYPE:
+		i = wc->wbuf[0] | (wc->wbuf[1] << 7);
+		if (i <0 || i >= WF_MAX_SAMPLE) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev, "invalid slot ID %d\n",
+				i);
+			wc->status = EINVAL;
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		wc->rbuf[0] = dev->sample_status[i];
+		wc->status = 0;
+		return 0;
+
+	case WFC_DEBUG_DRIVER:
+		dev->debug = wc->wbuf[0];
+		dev_dbg(dev->card->dev, "debug = 0x%x\n", dev->debug);
+		return 0;
+
+	case WFC_UPLOAD_PATCH:
+		munge_int32 (*((u32 *) wc->wbuf), patchnumbuf, 2);
+		memcpy (wc->wbuf, patchnumbuf, 2);
+		break;
+
+	case WFC_UPLOAD_MULTISAMPLE:
+		/* multisamples have to be handled differently, and
+		   cannot be dealt with properly by snd_wavefront_cmd() alone.
+		*/
+		wc->status = wavefront_fetch_multisample
+			(dev, (wavefront_patch_info *) wc->rbuf);
+		return 0;
+
+	case WFC_UPLOAD_SAMPLE_ALIAS:
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+			"support for sample alias upload being considered.\n");
+		wc->status = EINVAL;
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	wc->status = snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, wc->cmd, wc->rbuf, wc->wbuf);
+
+	/* Post-handling of certain commands.
+
+	   In particular, if the command was an upload, demunge the data
+	   so that the user-level doesn't have to think about it.
+	*/
+
+	if (wc->status == 0) {
+		switch (wc->cmd) {
+			/* intercept any freemem requests so that we know
+			   we are always current with the user-level view
+			   of things.
+			*/
+
+		case WFC_REPORT_FREE_MEMORY:
+			dev->freemem = demunge_int32 (wc->rbuf, 4);
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_UPLOAD_PATCH:
+			demunge_buf (wc->rbuf, wc->rbuf, WF_PATCH_BYTES);
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_UPLOAD_PROGRAM:
+			demunge_buf (wc->rbuf, wc->rbuf, WF_PROGRAM_BYTES);
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_UPLOAD_EDRUM_PROGRAM:
+			demunge_buf (wc->rbuf, wc->rbuf, WF_DRUM_BYTES - 1);
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_UPLOAD_SAMPLE_HEADER:
+			process_sample_hdr (wc->rbuf);
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_UPLOAD_SAMPLE_ALIAS:
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"support for sample aliases still being considered.\n");
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_MISYNTH_OFF:
+			dev->midi_in_to_synth = 0;
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_MISYNTH_ON:
+			dev->midi_in_to_synth = 1;
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_VMIDI_OFF:
+			snd_wavefront_midi_disable_virtual (acard);
+			break;
+
+		case WFC_VMIDI_ON:
+			snd_wavefront_midi_enable_virtual (acard);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_restore_midi_state(snd_wavefront_card_t *acard, char isvirtual,
+			     char midi_in_to_synth)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_t *dev = &acard->wavefront;
+	unsigned char rbuf[4], wbuf[4];
+
+	if (dev->midi_in_to_synth != midi_in_to_synth) {
+		if (snd_wavefront_cmd(dev, midi_in_to_synth ?
+				      WFC_MISYNTH_ON : WFC_MISYNTH_OFF,
+				      rbuf, wbuf)) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"cannot restore MIDI-IN routing after resume\n");
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+		dev->midi_in_to_synth = midi_in_to_synth;
+	}
+
+	if (dev->midi.isvirtual != isvirtual) {
+		if (snd_wavefront_cmd(dev, isvirtual ?
+				      WFC_VMIDI_ON : WFC_VMIDI_OFF,
+				      rbuf, wbuf)) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"cannot restore virtual MIDI mode after resume\n");
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+		if (isvirtual)
+			snd_wavefront_midi_enable_virtual(acard);
+		else
+			snd_wavefront_midi_disable_virtual(acard);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_wavefront_resume_synth(snd_wavefront_card_t *acard)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_t *dev = &acard->wavefront;
+	char was_virtual = dev->midi.isvirtual;
+	char midi_in_to_synth = dev->midi_in_to_synth;
+	char rom_samples_rdonly = dev->rom_samples_rdonly;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_wavefront_detect(acard);
+	if (err < 0)
+		dev->israw = 1;
+
+	if (dev->israw) {
+		dev->fx_initialized = 0;
+		err = snd_wavefront_start(dev);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	} else {
+		dev->has_fx = (snd_wavefront_fx_detect(dev) == 0);
+		wavefront_get_sample_status(dev, 0);
+		wavefront_get_program_status(dev);
+		wavefront_get_patch_status(dev);
+		outb(0x80 | 0x40 | 0x20, dev->control_port);
+	}
+
+	dev->rom_samples_rdonly = rom_samples_rdonly;
+	dev->midi.base = dev->base;
+
+	err = snd_wavefront_midi_start(acard);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = wavefront_restore_midi_state(acard, was_virtual,
+					   midi_in_to_synth);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_wavefront_midi_resume(acard);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int 
+snd_wavefront_synth_open (struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
+
+{
+	if (!try_module_get(hw->card->module))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	file->private_data = hw;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int 
+snd_wavefront_synth_release (struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file)
+
+{
+	module_put(hw->card->module);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_synth_ioctl (struct snd_hwdep *hw, struct file *file,
+			   unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	snd_wavefront_t *dev;
+	snd_wavefront_card_t *acard;
+	wavefront_control *wc;
+	void __user *argp = (void __user *)arg;
+	int err;
+
+	card = (struct snd_card *) hw->card;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
+		return -ENODEV;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card->private_data))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	acard = card->private_data;
+	dev = &acard->wavefront;
+	
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case WFCTL_LOAD_SPP:
+		if (wavefront_load_patch (dev, argp) != 0) {
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case WFCTL_WFCMD:
+		wc = memdup_user(argp, sizeof(*wc));
+		if (IS_ERR(wc))
+			return PTR_ERR(wc);
+
+		if (wavefront_synth_control (acard, wc) < 0)
+			err = -EIO;
+		else if (copy_to_user (argp, wc, sizeof (*wc)))
+			err = -EFAULT;
+		else
+			err = 0;
+		kfree(wc);
+		return err;
+
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/***********************************************************************/
+/*  WaveFront: interface for card-level wavefront module               */
+/***********************************************************************/
+
+void
+snd_wavefront_internal_interrupt (snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+{
+	snd_wavefront_t *dev = &card->wavefront;
+
+	/*
+	   Some comments on interrupts. I attempted a version of this
+	   driver that used interrupts throughout the code instead of
+	   doing busy and/or sleep-waiting. Alas, it appears that once
+	   the Motorola firmware is downloaded, the card *never*
+	   generates an RX interrupt. These are successfully generated
+	   during firmware loading, and after that wavefront_status()
+	   reports that an interrupt is pending on the card from time
+	   to time, but it never seems to be delivered to this
+	   driver. Note also that wavefront_status() continues to
+	   report that RX interrupts are enabled, suggesting that I
+	   didn't goof up and disable them by mistake.
+
+	   Thus, I stepped back to a prior version of
+	   wavefront_wait(), the only place where this really
+	   matters. Its sad, but I've looked through the code to check
+	   on things, and I really feel certain that the Motorola
+	   firmware prevents RX-ready interrupts.
+	*/
+
+	if ((wavefront_status(dev) & (STAT_INTR_READ|STAT_INTR_WRITE)) == 0) {
+		return;
+	}
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock, &dev->irq_lock) {
+		dev->irq_ok = 1;
+		dev->irq_cnt++;
+	}
+	wake_up(&dev->interrupt_sleeper);
+}
+
+/* STATUS REGISTER 
+
+0 Host Rx Interrupt Enable (1=Enabled)
+1 Host Rx Register Full (1=Full)
+2 Host Rx Interrupt Pending (1=Interrupt)
+3 Unused
+4 Host Tx Interrupt (1=Enabled)
+5 Host Tx Register empty (1=Empty)
+6 Host Tx Interrupt Pending (1=Interrupt)
+7 Unused
+*/
+
+static int
+snd_wavefront_interrupt_bits(snd_wavefront_t *dev, int irq)
+
+{
+	int bits;
+
+	switch (irq) {
+	case 9:
+		bits = 0x00;
+		break;
+	case 5:
+		bits = 0x08;
+		break;
+	case 12:
+		bits = 0x10;
+		break;
+	case 15:
+		bits = 0x18;
+		break;
+	
+	default:
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "invalid IRQ %d\n", irq);
+		bits = -1;
+	}
+
+	return bits;
+}
+
+static void
+wavefront_should_cause_interrupt (snd_wavefront_t *dev, 
+				  int val, int port, unsigned long timeout)
+
+{
+	wait_queue_entry_t wait;
+
+	init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irq, &dev->irq_lock) {
+		add_wait_queue(&dev->interrupt_sleeper, &wait);
+		dev->irq_ok = 0;
+		outb(val, port);
+	}
+	while (!dev->irq_ok && time_before(jiffies, timeout)) {
+		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+		barrier();
+	}
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_reset_to_cleanliness (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	int bits;
+	int hwv[2];
+
+	/* IRQ already checked */
+
+	bits = snd_wavefront_interrupt_bits(dev, dev->irq);
+
+	/* try reset of port */
+
+	outb (0x0, dev->control_port); 
+  
+	/* At this point, the board is in reset, and the H/W initialization
+	   register is accessed at the same address as the data port.
+     
+	   Bit 7 - Enable IRQ Driver	
+	   0 - Tri-state the Wave-Board drivers for the PC Bus IRQs
+	   1 - Enable IRQ selected by bits 5:3 to be driven onto the PC Bus.
+     
+	   Bit 6 - MIDI Interface Select
+
+	   0 - Use the MIDI Input from the 26-pin WaveBlaster
+	   compatible header as the serial MIDI source
+	   1 - Use the MIDI Input from the 9-pin D connector as the
+	   serial MIDI source.
+     
+	   Bits 5:3 - IRQ Selection
+	   0 0 0 - IRQ 2/9
+	   0 0 1 - IRQ 5
+	   0 1 0 - IRQ 12
+	   0 1 1 - IRQ 15
+	   1 0 0 - Reserved
+	   1 0 1 - Reserved
+	   1 1 0 - Reserved
+	   1 1 1 - Reserved
+     
+	   Bits 2:1 - Reserved
+	   Bit 0 - Disable Boot ROM
+	   0 - memory accesses to 03FC30-03FFFFH utilize the internal Boot ROM
+	   1 - memory accesses to 03FC30-03FFFFH are directed to external 
+	   storage.
+     
+	*/
+
+	/* configure hardware: IRQ, enable interrupts, 
+	   plus external 9-pin MIDI interface selected
+	*/
+
+	outb (0x80 | 0x40 | bits, dev->data_port);	
+  
+	/* CONTROL REGISTER
+
+	   0 Host Rx Interrupt Enable (1=Enabled)      0x1
+	   1 Unused                                    0x2
+	   2 Unused                                    0x4
+	   3 Unused                                    0x8
+	   4 Host Tx Interrupt Enable                 0x10
+	   5 Mute (0=Mute; 1=Play)                    0x20
+	   6 Master Interrupt Enable (1=Enabled)      0x40
+	   7 Master Reset (0=Reset; 1=Run)            0x80
+
+	   Take us out of reset, mute output, master + TX + RX interrupts on.
+	   
+	   We'll get an interrupt presumably to tell us that the TX
+	   register is clear.
+	*/
+
+	wavefront_should_cause_interrupt(dev, 0x80|0x40|0x10|0x1,
+					 dev->control_port,
+					 (reset_time*HZ)/100);
+
+	/* Note: data port is now the data port, not the h/w initialization
+	   port.
+	 */
+
+	if (!dev->irq_ok) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "intr not received after h/w un-reset.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	} 
+
+	/* Note: data port is now the data port, not the h/w initialization
+	   port.
+
+	   At this point, only "HW VERSION" or "DOWNLOAD OS" commands
+	   will work. So, issue one of them, and wait for TX
+	   interrupt. This can take a *long* time after a cold boot,
+	   while the ISC ROM does its RAM test. The SDK says up to 4
+	   seconds - with 12MB of RAM on a Tropez+, it takes a lot
+	   longer than that (~16secs). Note that the card understands
+	   the difference between a warm and a cold boot, so
+	   subsequent ISC2115 reboots (say, caused by module
+	   reloading) will get through this much faster.
+
+	   XXX Interesting question: why is no RX interrupt received first ?
+	*/
+
+	wavefront_should_cause_interrupt(dev, WFC_HARDWARE_VERSION, 
+					 dev->data_port, ramcheck_time*HZ);
+
+	if (!dev->irq_ok) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "post-RAM-check interrupt not received.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	} 
+
+	if (!wavefront_wait (dev, STAT_CAN_READ)) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "no response to HW version cmd.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	}
+	
+	hwv[0] = wavefront_read(dev);
+	if (hwv[0] == -1) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "board not responding correctly.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	}
+
+	if (hwv[0] == 0xFF) { /* NAK */
+
+		/* Board's RAM test failed. Try to read error code,
+		   and tell us about it either way.
+		*/
+		
+		hwv[0] = wavefront_read(dev);
+		if (hwv[0] == -1) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"on-board RAM test failed (bad error code).\n");
+		} else {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"on-board RAM test failed (error code: 0x%x).\n",
+				hwv[0]);
+		}
+		goto gone_bad;
+	}
+
+	/* We're OK, just get the next byte of the HW version response */
+
+	hwv[1] = wavefront_read(dev);
+	if (hwv[1] == -1) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "incorrect h/w response.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	}
+
+	dev_info(dev->card->dev, "hardware version %d.%d\n",
+		 hwv[0], hwv[1]);
+
+	return 0;
+
+
+     gone_bad:
+	return (1);
+}
+
+static int
+wavefront_download_firmware (snd_wavefront_t *dev, char *path)
+
+{
+	const unsigned char *buf;
+	int len, err;
+	int section_cnt_downloaded = 0;
+	const struct firmware *firmware __free(firmware) = NULL;
+
+	err = request_firmware(&firmware, path, dev->card->dev);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "firmware (%s) download failed!!!\n", path);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	len = 0;
+	buf = firmware->data;
+	for (;;) {
+		int section_length = *(signed char *)buf;
+		if (section_length == 0)
+			break;
+		if (section_length < 0 || section_length > WF_SECTION_MAX) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"invalid firmware section length %d\n",
+				section_length);
+			goto failure;
+		}
+		buf++;
+		len++;
+
+		if (firmware->size < len + section_length) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev, "firmware section read error.\n");
+			goto failure;
+		}
+
+		/* Send command */
+		if (wavefront_write(dev, WFC_DOWNLOAD_OS))
+			goto failure;
+	
+		for (; section_length; section_length--) {
+			if (wavefront_write(dev, *buf))
+				goto failure;
+			buf++;
+			len++;
+		}
+	
+		/* get ACK */
+		if (!wavefront_wait(dev, STAT_CAN_READ)) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev, "time out for firmware ACK.\n");
+			goto failure;
+		}
+		err = inb(dev->data_port);
+		if (err != WF_ACK) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"download of section #%d not acknowledged, ack = 0x%x\n",
+				section_cnt_downloaded + 1, err);
+			goto failure;
+		}
+
+		section_cnt_downloaded++;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+ failure:
+	dev_err(dev->card->dev, "firmware download failed!!!\n");
+	return 1;
+}
+
+void snd_wavefront_cache_firmware(snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = firmware_request_cache(dev->card->dev, ospath);
+	if (err < 0)
+		dev_warn(dev->card->dev,
+			 "unable to cache firmware %s for resume: %d\n",
+			 ospath, err);
+}
+
+
+static int
+wavefront_do_reset (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	char voices[1];
+
+	if (wavefront_reset_to_cleanliness (dev)) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "hw reset failed.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	}
+
+	if (dev->israw) {
+		if (wavefront_download_firmware (dev, ospath)) {
+			goto gone_bad;
+		}
+
+		dev->israw = 0;
+
+		/* Wait for the OS to get running. The protocol for
+		   this is non-obvious, and was determined by
+		   using port-IO tracing in DOSemu and some
+		   experimentation here.
+		   
+		   Rather than using timed waits, use interrupts creatively.
+		*/
+
+		wavefront_should_cause_interrupt (dev, WFC_NOOP,
+						  dev->data_port,
+						  (osrun_time*HZ));
+
+		if (!dev->irq_ok) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev, "no post-OS interrupt.\n");
+			goto gone_bad;
+		}
+		
+		/* Now, do it again ! */
+		
+		wavefront_should_cause_interrupt (dev, WFC_NOOP,
+						  dev->data_port, (10*HZ));
+		
+		if (!dev->irq_ok) {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev, "no post-OS interrupt(2).\n");
+			goto gone_bad;
+		}
+
+		/* OK, no (RX/TX) interrupts any more, but leave mute
+		   in effect. 
+		*/
+		
+		outb (0x80|0x40, dev->control_port); 
+	}
+
+	/* SETUPSND.EXE asks for sample memory config here, but since i
+	   have no idea how to interpret the result, we'll forget
+	   about it.
+	*/
+	
+	dev->freemem = wavefront_freemem(dev);
+	if (dev->freemem < 0)
+		goto gone_bad;
+		
+	dev_info(dev->card->dev, "available DRAM %dk\n", dev->freemem / 1024);
+
+	if (wavefront_write (dev, 0xf0) ||
+	    wavefront_write (dev, 1) ||
+	    (wavefront_read (dev) < 0)) {
+		dev->debug = 0;
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "MPU emulation mode not set.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	}
+
+	voices[0] = 32;
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_SET_NVOICES, NULL, voices)) {
+		dev_err(dev->card->dev, "cannot set number of voices to 32.\n");
+		goto gone_bad;
+	}
+
+
+	return 0;
+
+ gone_bad:
+	/* reset that sucker so that it doesn't bother us. */
+
+	outb (0x0, dev->control_port);
+	dev->interrupts_are_midi = 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_start (snd_wavefront_t *dev)
+
+{
+	int samples_are_from_rom;
+
+	/* IMPORTANT: assumes that snd_wavefront_detect() and/or
+	   wavefront_reset_to_cleanliness() has already been called 
+	*/
+
+	if (dev->israw) {
+		samples_are_from_rom = 1;
+	} else {
+		/* XXX is this always true ? */
+		samples_are_from_rom = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (dev->israw || fx_raw) {
+		if (wavefront_do_reset (dev)) {
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	/* Check for FX device, present only on Tropez+ */
+
+	dev->has_fx = (snd_wavefront_fx_detect (dev) == 0);
+
+	if (dev->has_fx && fx_raw) {
+		snd_wavefront_fx_start (dev);
+	}
+
+	wavefront_get_sample_status (dev, samples_are_from_rom);
+	wavefront_get_program_status (dev);
+	wavefront_get_patch_status (dev);
+
+	/* Start normal operation: unreset, master interrupt enabled, no mute
+	*/
+
+	outb (0x80|0x40|0x20, dev->control_port); 
+
+	return (0);
+}
+
+int
+snd_wavefront_detect (snd_wavefront_card_t *card)
+
+{
+	unsigned char   rbuf[4], wbuf[4];
+	snd_wavefront_t *dev = &card->wavefront;
+	
+	/* returns zero if a WaveFront card is successfully detected.
+	   negative otherwise.
+	*/
+
+	dev->israw = 0;
+	dev->has_fx = 0;
+	dev->debug = debug_default;
+	dev->interrupts_are_midi = 0;
+	dev->irq_cnt = 0;
+	dev->rom_samples_rdonly = 1;
+
+	if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_FIRMWARE_VERSION, rbuf, wbuf) == 0) {
+
+		dev->fw_version[0] = rbuf[0];
+		dev->fw_version[1] = rbuf[1];
+
+		dev_info(dev->card->dev, "firmware %d.%d already loaded.\n",
+			 rbuf[0], rbuf[1]);
+
+		/* check that a command actually works */
+      
+		if (snd_wavefront_cmd (dev, WFC_HARDWARE_VERSION,
+				       rbuf, wbuf) == 0) {
+			dev->hw_version[0] = rbuf[0];
+			dev->hw_version[1] = rbuf[1];
+		} else {
+			dev_err(dev->card->dev,
+				"not raw, but no hardware version!\n");
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		if (!wf_raw) {
+			return 0;
+		} else {
+			dev_info(dev->card->dev,
+				 "reloading firmware as you requested.\n");
+			dev->israw = 1;
+		}
+
+	} else {
+
+		dev->israw = 1;
+		dev_info(dev->card->dev,
+			 "no response to firmware probe, assume raw.\n");
+
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+MODULE_FIRMWARE(DEFAULT_OSPATH);
diff --git a/sound/isa/wss/Makefile b/sound/isa/wss/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f23e71d0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/wss/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+#
+# Makefile for ALSA
+# Copyright (c) 2008 by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+#
+
+snd-wss-lib-y := wss_lib.o
+
+# Toplevel Module Dependency
+obj-$(CONFIG_SND_WSS_LIB) += snd-wss-lib.o
+
diff --git a/sound/isa/wss/wss_lib.c b/sound/isa/wss/wss_lib.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6cf88625b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sound/isa/wss/wss_lib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2145 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
+ *  Routines for control of CS4231(A)/CS4232/InterWave & compatible chips
+ *
+ *  Bugs:
+ *     - sometimes record brokes playback with WSS portion of
+ *       Yamaha OPL3-SA3 chip
+ *     - CS4231 (GUS MAX) - still trouble with occasional noises
+ *			  - broken initialization?
+ */
+
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/pm.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include <sound/wss.h>
+#include <sound/pcm_params.h>
+#include <sound/tlv.h>
+
+#include <asm/dma.h>
+#include <asm/irq.h>
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Routines for control of CS4231(A)/CS4232/InterWave & compatible chips");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+#if 0
+#define SNDRV_DEBUG_MCE
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  Some variables
+ */
+
+static const unsigned char freq_bits[14] = {
+	/* 5510 */	0x00 | CS4231_XTAL2,
+	/* 6620 */	0x0E | CS4231_XTAL2,
+	/* 8000 */	0x00 | CS4231_XTAL1,
+	/* 9600 */	0x0E | CS4231_XTAL1,
+	/* 11025 */	0x02 | CS4231_XTAL2,
+	/* 16000 */	0x02 | CS4231_XTAL1,
+	/* 18900 */	0x04 | CS4231_XTAL2,
+	/* 22050 */	0x06 | CS4231_XTAL2,
+	/* 27042 */	0x04 | CS4231_XTAL1,
+	/* 32000 */	0x06 | CS4231_XTAL1,
+	/* 33075 */	0x0C | CS4231_XTAL2,
+	/* 37800 */	0x08 | CS4231_XTAL2,
+	/* 44100 */	0x0A | CS4231_XTAL2,
+	/* 48000 */	0x0C | CS4231_XTAL1
+};
+
+static const unsigned int rates[14] = {
+	5510, 6620, 8000, 9600, 11025, 16000, 18900, 22050,
+	27042, 32000, 33075, 37800, 44100, 48000
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list hw_constraints_rates = {
+	.count = ARRAY_SIZE(rates),
+	.list = rates,
+	.mask = 0,
+};
+
+static int snd_wss_xrate(struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
+{
+	return snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(runtime, 0, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_RATE,
+					  &hw_constraints_rates);
+}
+
+static const unsigned char snd_wss_original_image[32] =
+{
+	0x00,			/* 00/00 - lic */
+	0x00,			/* 01/01 - ric */
+	0x9f,			/* 02/02 - la1ic */
+	0x9f,			/* 03/03 - ra1ic */
+	0x9f,			/* 04/04 - la2ic */
+	0x9f,			/* 05/05 - ra2ic */
+	0xbf,			/* 06/06 - loc */
+	0xbf,			/* 07/07 - roc */
+	0x20,			/* 08/08 - pdfr */
+	CS4231_AUTOCALIB,	/* 09/09 - ic */
+	0x00,			/* 0a/10 - pc */
+	0x00,			/* 0b/11 - ti */
+	CS4231_MODE2,		/* 0c/12 - mi */
+	0xfc,			/* 0d/13 - lbc */
+	0x00,			/* 0e/14 - pbru */
+	0x00,			/* 0f/15 - pbrl */
+	0x80,			/* 10/16 - afei */
+	0x01,			/* 11/17 - afeii */
+	0x9f,			/* 12/18 - llic */
+	0x9f,			/* 13/19 - rlic */
+	0x00,			/* 14/20 - tlb */
+	0x00,			/* 15/21 - thb */
+	0x00,			/* 16/22 - la3mic/reserved */
+	0x00,			/* 17/23 - ra3mic/reserved */
+	0x00,			/* 18/24 - afs */
+	0x00,			/* 19/25 - lamoc/version */
+	0xcf,			/* 1a/26 - mioc */
+	0x00,			/* 1b/27 - ramoc/reserved */
+	0x20,			/* 1c/28 - cdfr */
+	0x00,			/* 1d/29 - res4 */
+	0x00,			/* 1e/30 - cbru */
+	0x00,			/* 1f/31 - cbrl */
+};
+
+static const unsigned char snd_opti93x_original_image[32] =
+{
+	0x00,		/* 00/00 - l_mixout_outctrl */
+	0x00,		/* 01/01 - r_mixout_outctrl */
+	0x88,		/* 02/02 - l_cd_inctrl */
+	0x88,		/* 03/03 - r_cd_inctrl */
+	0x88,		/* 04/04 - l_a1/fm_inctrl */
+	0x88,		/* 05/05 - r_a1/fm_inctrl */
+	0x80,		/* 06/06 - l_dac_inctrl */
+	0x80,		/* 07/07 - r_dac_inctrl */
+	0x00,		/* 08/08 - ply_dataform_reg */
+	0x00,		/* 09/09 - if_conf */
+	0x00,		/* 0a/10 - pin_ctrl */
+	0x00,		/* 0b/11 - err_init_reg */
+	0x0a,		/* 0c/12 - id_reg */
+	0x00,		/* 0d/13 - reserved */
+	0x00,		/* 0e/14 - ply_upcount_reg */
+	0x00,		/* 0f/15 - ply_lowcount_reg */
+	0x88,		/* 10/16 - reserved/l_a1_inctrl */
+	0x88,		/* 11/17 - reserved/r_a1_inctrl */
+	0x88,		/* 12/18 - l_line_inctrl */
+	0x88,		/* 13/19 - r_line_inctrl */
+	0x88,		/* 14/20 - l_mic_inctrl */
+	0x88,		/* 15/21 - r_mic_inctrl */
+	0x80,		/* 16/22 - l_out_outctrl */
+	0x80,		/* 17/23 - r_out_outctrl */
+	0x00,		/* 18/24 - reserved */
+	0x00,		/* 19/25 - reserved */
+	0x00,		/* 1a/26 - reserved */
+	0x00,		/* 1b/27 - reserved */
+	0x00,		/* 1c/28 - cap_dataform_reg */
+	0x00,		/* 1d/29 - reserved */
+	0x00,		/* 1e/30 - cap_upcount_reg */
+	0x00		/* 1f/31 - cap_lowcount_reg */
+};
+
+/*
+ *  Basic I/O functions
+ */
+
+static inline void wss_outb(struct snd_wss *chip, u8 offset, u8 val)
+{
+	outb(val, chip->port + offset);
+}
+
+static inline u8 wss_inb(struct snd_wss *chip, u8 offset)
+{
+	return inb(chip->port + offset);
+}
+
+static void snd_wss_wait(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	int timeout;
+
+	for (timeout = 250;
+	     timeout > 0 && (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT);
+	     timeout--)
+		udelay(100);
+}
+
+static void snd_wss_dout(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned char reg,
+			 unsigned char value)
+{
+	int timeout;
+
+	for (timeout = 250;
+	     timeout > 0 && (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT);
+	     timeout--)
+		udelay(10);
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL), chip->mce_bit | reg);
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REG), value);
+	mb();
+}
+
+void snd_wss_out(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned char reg, unsigned char value)
+{
+	snd_wss_wait(chip);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+	if (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT)
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+			"out: auto calibration time out - reg = 0x%x, value = 0x%x\n",
+			reg, value);
+#endif
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL), chip->mce_bit | reg);
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REG), value);
+	chip->image[reg] = value;
+	mb();
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "codec out - reg 0x%x = 0x%x\n",
+		chip->mce_bit | reg, value);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_out);
+
+unsigned char snd_wss_in(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	snd_wss_wait(chip);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+	if (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT)
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+			"in: auto calibration time out - reg = 0x%x\n", reg);
+#endif
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL), chip->mce_bit | reg);
+	mb();
+	return wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REG));
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_in);
+
+void snd_cs4236_ext_out(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned char reg,
+			unsigned char val)
+{
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL), chip->mce_bit | 0x17);
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REG),
+		 reg | (chip->image[CS4236_EXT_REG] & 0x01));
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REG), val);
+	chip->eimage[CS4236_REG(reg)] = val;
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "ext out : reg = 0x%x, val = 0x%x\n", reg, val);
+#endif
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_cs4236_ext_out);
+
+unsigned char snd_cs4236_ext_in(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned char reg)
+{
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL), chip->mce_bit | 0x17);
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REG),
+		 reg | (chip->image[CS4236_EXT_REG] & 0x01));
+#if 1
+	return wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REG));
+#else
+	{
+		unsigned char res;
+		res = wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REG));
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "ext in : reg = 0x%x, val = 0x%x\n",
+			reg, res);
+		return res;
+	}
+#endif
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_cs4236_ext_in);
+
+#if 0
+
+static void snd_wss_debug(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"CS4231 REGS:      INDEX = 0x%02x  "
+		"                 STATUS = 0x%02x\n",
+					wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)),
+					wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(STATUS)));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x00: left input      = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x10: alt 1 (CFIG 2)  = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x00),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x10));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x01: right input     = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x11: alt 2 (CFIG 3)  = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x01),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x11));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x02: GF1 left input  = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x12: left line in    = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x02),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x12));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x03: GF1 right input = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x13: right line in   = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x03),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x13));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x04: CD left input   = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x14: timer low       = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x04),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x14));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x05: CD right input  = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x15: timer high      = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x05),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x15));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x06: left output     = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x16: left MIC (PnP)  = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x06),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x16));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x07: right output    = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x17: right MIC (PnP) = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x07),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x17));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x08: playback format = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x18: IRQ status      = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x08),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x18));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x09: iface (CFIG 1)  = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x19: left line out   = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x09),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x19));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x0a: pin control     = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x1a: mono control    = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x0a),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x1a));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x0b: init & status   = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x1b: right line out  = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x0b),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x1b));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x0c: revision & mode = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x1c: record format   = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x0c),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x1c));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x0d: loopback        = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x1d: var freq (PnP)  = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x0d),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x1d));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x0e: ply upr count   = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x1e: ply lwr count   = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x0e),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x1e));
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+		"  0x0f: rec upr count   = 0x%02x  "
+		"  0x1f: rec lwr count   = 0x%02x\n",
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x0f),
+					snd_wss_in(chip, 0x1f));
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/*
+ *  CS4231 detection / MCE routines
+ */
+
+static void snd_wss_busy_wait(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	int timeout;
+
+	/* huh.. looks like this sequence is proper for CS4231A chip (GUS MAX) */
+	for (timeout = 5; timeout > 0; timeout--)
+		wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL));
+	/* end of cleanup sequence */
+	for (timeout = 25000;
+	     timeout > 0 && (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT);
+	     timeout--)
+		udelay(10);
+}
+
+void snd_wss_mce_up(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	int timeout;
+
+	snd_wss_wait(chip);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+	if (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT)
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+			"mce_up - auto calibration time out (0)\n");
+#endif
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	chip->mce_bit |= CS4231_MCE;
+	timeout = wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL));
+	if (timeout == 0x80)
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+			"mce_up [0x%lx]: serious init problem - codec still busy\n",
+			chip->port);
+	if (!(timeout & CS4231_MCE))
+		wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL),
+			 chip->mce_bit | (timeout & 0x1f));
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_mce_up);
+
+void snd_wss_mce_down(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	unsigned long end_time;
+	int timeout;
+	int hw_mask = WSS_HW_CS4231_MASK | WSS_HW_CS4232_MASK | WSS_HW_AD1848;
+
+	snd_wss_busy_wait(chip);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
+	if (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT)
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+			"mce_down [0x%lx] - auto calibration time out (0)\n",
+			(long)CS4231P(REGSEL));
+#endif
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		chip->mce_bit &= ~CS4231_MCE;
+		timeout = wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL));
+		wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL), chip->mce_bit | (timeout & 0x1f));
+	}
+	if (timeout == 0x80)
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+			"mce_down [0x%lx]: serious init problem - codec still busy\n",
+			chip->port);
+	if ((timeout & CS4231_MCE) == 0 || !(chip->hardware & hw_mask))
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * Wait for (possible -- during init auto-calibration may not be set)
+	 * calibration process to start. Needs up to 5 sample periods on AD1848
+	 * which at the slowest possible rate of 5.5125 kHz means 907 us.
+	 */
+	msleep(1);
+
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "(1) jiffies = %lu\n", jiffies);
+
+	/* check condition up to 250 ms */
+	end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(250);
+	while (snd_wss_in(chip, CS4231_TEST_INIT) &
+		CS4231_CALIB_IN_PROGRESS) {
+
+		if (time_after(jiffies, end_time)) {
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+				"mce_down - auto calibration time out (2)\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		msleep(1);
+	}
+
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "(2) jiffies = %lu\n", jiffies);
+
+	/* check condition up to 100 ms */
+	end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(100);
+	while (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT) {
+		if (time_after(jiffies, end_time)) {
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+				"mce_down - auto calibration time out (3)\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		msleep(1);
+	}
+
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "(3) jiffies = %lu\n", jiffies);
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "mce_down - exit = 0x%x\n",
+		wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)));
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_mce_down);
+
+static unsigned int snd_wss_get_count(unsigned char format, unsigned int size)
+{
+	switch (format & 0xe0) {
+	case CS4231_LINEAR_16:
+	case CS4231_LINEAR_16_BIG:
+		size >>= 1;
+		break;
+	case CS4231_ADPCM_16:
+		return size >> 2;
+	}
+	if (format & CS4231_STEREO)
+		size >>= 1;
+	return size;
+}
+
+static int snd_wss_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+			   int cmd)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	int result = 0;
+	unsigned int what;
+	struct snd_pcm_substream *s;
+	int do_start;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
+		do_start = 1; break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
+	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
+		do_start = 0; break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	what = 0;
+	snd_pcm_group_for_each_entry(s, substream) {
+		if (s == chip->playback_substream) {
+			what |= CS4231_PLAYBACK_ENABLE;
+			snd_pcm_trigger_done(s, substream);
+		} else if (s == chip->capture_substream) {
+			what |= CS4231_RECORD_ENABLE;
+			snd_pcm_trigger_done(s, substream);
+		}
+	}
+	guard(spinlock)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	if (do_start) {
+		chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] |= what;
+		if (chip->trigger)
+			chip->trigger(chip, what, 1);
+	} else {
+		chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] &= ~what;
+		if (chip->trigger)
+			chip->trigger(chip, what, 0);
+	}
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_IFACE_CTRL, chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL]);
+#if 0
+	snd_wss_debug(chip);
+#endif
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  CODEC I/O
+ */
+
+static unsigned char snd_wss_get_rate(unsigned int rate)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rates); i++)
+		if (rate == rates[i])
+			return freq_bits[i];
+	// snd_BUG();
+	return freq_bits[ARRAY_SIZE(rates) - 1];
+}
+
+static unsigned char snd_wss_get_format(struct snd_wss *chip,
+					snd_pcm_format_t format,
+					int channels)
+{
+	unsigned char rformat;
+
+	rformat = CS4231_LINEAR_8;
+	switch (format) {
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_MU_LAW:	rformat = CS4231_ULAW_8; break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_A_LAW:	rformat = CS4231_ALAW_8; break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE:	rformat = CS4231_LINEAR_16; break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_BE:	rformat = CS4231_LINEAR_16_BIG; break;
+	case SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_IMA_ADPCM:	rformat = CS4231_ADPCM_16; break;
+	}
+	if (channels > 1)
+		rformat |= CS4231_STEREO;
+#if 0
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "get_format: 0x%x (mode=0x%x)\n", format, mode);
+#endif
+	return rformat;
+}
+
+static void snd_wss_calibrate_mute(struct snd_wss *chip, int mute)
+{
+
+	mute = mute ? 0x80 : 0;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	if (chip->calibrate_mute == mute)
+		return;
+	if (!mute) {
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_LEFT_INPUT,
+			     chip->image[CS4231_LEFT_INPUT]);
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT,
+			     chip->image[CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT]);
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_LOOPBACK,
+			     chip->image[CS4231_LOOPBACK]);
+	} else {
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_LEFT_INPUT,
+			     0);
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT,
+			     0);
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_LOOPBACK,
+			     0xfd);
+	}
+
+	snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT,
+		     mute | chip->image[CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT]);
+	snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_AUX1_RIGHT_INPUT,
+		     mute | chip->image[CS4231_AUX1_RIGHT_INPUT]);
+	snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT,
+		     mute | chip->image[CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT]);
+	snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT,
+		     mute | chip->image[CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT]);
+	snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_LEFT_OUTPUT,
+		     mute | chip->image[CS4231_LEFT_OUTPUT]);
+	snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_RIGHT_OUTPUT,
+		     mute | chip->image[CS4231_RIGHT_OUTPUT]);
+	if (!(chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK)) {
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_LEFT_LINE_IN,
+			     mute | chip->image[CS4231_LEFT_LINE_IN]);
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN,
+			     mute | chip->image[CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN]);
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_MONO_CTRL,
+			     mute ? 0xc0 : chip->image[CS4231_MONO_CTRL]);
+	}
+	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_INTERWAVE) {
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_LEFT_MIC_INPUT,
+			     mute | chip->image[CS4231_LEFT_MIC_INPUT]);
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_RIGHT_MIC_INPUT,
+			     mute | chip->image[CS4231_RIGHT_MIC_INPUT]);
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_LINE_LEFT_OUTPUT,
+			     mute | chip->image[CS4231_LINE_LEFT_OUTPUT]);
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_LINE_RIGHT_OUTPUT,
+			     mute | chip->image[CS4231_LINE_RIGHT_OUTPUT]);
+	}
+	chip->calibrate_mute = mute;
+}
+
+static void snd_wss_playback_format(struct snd_wss *chip,
+				       struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+				       unsigned char pdfr)
+{
+	int full_calib = 1;
+
+	guard(mutex)(&chip->mce_mutex);
+	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4231A ||
+	    (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_CS4232_MASK)) {
+		guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+		if ((chip->image[CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT] & 0x0f) == (pdfr & 0x0f)) {	/* rate is same? */
+			snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1,
+				    chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] | 0x10);
+			chip->image[CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT] = pdfr;
+			snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT,
+				    chip->image[CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT]);
+			snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1,
+				    chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] &= ~0x10);
+			udelay(100); /* Fixes audible clicks at least on GUS MAX */
+			full_calib = 0;
+		}
+	} else if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_AD1845) {
+		unsigned rate = params_rate(params);
+
+		/*
+		 * Program the AD1845 correctly for the playback stream.
+		 * Note that we do NOT need to toggle the MCE bit because
+		 * the PLAYBACK_ENABLE bit of the Interface Configuration
+		 * register is set.
+		 *
+		 * NOTE: We seem to need to write to the MSB before the LSB
+		 *       to get the correct sample frequency.
+		 */
+		guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT, (pdfr & 0xf0));
+		snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_UPR_FREQ_SEL, (rate >> 8) & 0xff);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_LWR_FREQ_SEL, rate & 0xff);
+		full_calib = 0;
+	}
+	if (full_calib) {
+		snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
+		scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+			if (chip->hardware != WSS_HW_INTERWAVE && !chip->single_dma) {
+				if (chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] & CS4231_RECORD_ENABLE)
+					pdfr = (pdfr & 0xf0) |
+						(chip->image[CS4231_REC_FORMAT] & 0x0f);
+			} else {
+				chip->image[CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT] = pdfr;
+			}
+			snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT, pdfr);
+		}
+		if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_OPL3SA2)
+			udelay(100);	/* this seems to help */
+		snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+	}
+}
+
+static void snd_wss_capture_format(struct snd_wss *chip,
+				   struct snd_pcm_hw_params *params,
+				   unsigned char cdfr)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	int full_calib = 1;
+
+	guard(mutex)(&chip->mce_mutex);
+	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4231A ||
+	    (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_CS4232_MASK)) {
+		guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+		if ((chip->image[CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT] & 0x0f) == (cdfr & 0x0f) ||	/* rate is same? */
+		    (chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] & CS4231_PLAYBACK_ENABLE)) {
+			snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1,
+				chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] | 0x20);
+			snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_REC_FORMAT,
+				chip->image[CS4231_REC_FORMAT] = cdfr);
+			snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1,
+				chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] &= ~0x20);
+			full_calib = 0;
+		}
+	} else if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_AD1845) {
+		unsigned rate = params_rate(params);
+
+		/*
+		 * Program the AD1845 correctly for the capture stream.
+		 * Note that we do NOT need to toggle the MCE bit because
+		 * the PLAYBACK_ENABLE bit of the Interface Configuration
+		 * register is set.
+		 *
+		 * NOTE: We seem to need to write to the MSB before the LSB
+		 *       to get the correct sample frequency.
+		 */
+		guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_REC_FORMAT, (cdfr & 0xf0));
+		snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_UPR_FREQ_SEL, (rate >> 8) & 0xff);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, AD1845_LWR_FREQ_SEL, rate & 0xff);
+		full_calib = 0;
+	}
+	if (full_calib) {
+		snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+		if (chip->hardware != WSS_HW_INTERWAVE &&
+		    !(chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] & CS4231_PLAYBACK_ENABLE)) {
+			if (chip->single_dma)
+				snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT, cdfr);
+			else
+				snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT,
+				   (chip->image[CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT] & 0xf0) |
+				   (cdfr & 0x0f));
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+			snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+			snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
+			spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+		}
+		if (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK)
+			snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT, cdfr);
+		else
+			snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_REC_FORMAT, cdfr);
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+		snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Timer interface
+ */
+
+static unsigned long snd_wss_timer_resolution(struct snd_timer *timer)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_timer_chip(timer);
+	if (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_CS4236B_MASK)
+		return 14467;
+	else
+		return chip->image[CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT] & 1 ? 9969 : 9920;
+}
+
+static int snd_wss_timer_start(struct snd_timer *timer)
+{
+	unsigned int ticks;
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_timer_chip(timer);
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ticks = timer->sticks;
+	if ((chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] & CS4231_TIMER_ENABLE) == 0 ||
+	    (unsigned char)(ticks >> 8) != chip->image[CS4231_TIMER_HIGH] ||
+	    (unsigned char)ticks != chip->image[CS4231_TIMER_LOW]) {
+		chip->image[CS4231_TIMER_HIGH] = (unsigned char) (ticks >> 8);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_TIMER_HIGH,
+			    chip->image[CS4231_TIMER_HIGH]);
+		chip->image[CS4231_TIMER_LOW] = (unsigned char) ticks;
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_TIMER_LOW,
+			    chip->image[CS4231_TIMER_LOW]);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1,
+			    chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] |
+			    CS4231_TIMER_ENABLE);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wss_timer_stop(struct snd_timer *timer)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_timer_chip(timer);
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] &= ~CS4231_TIMER_ENABLE;
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1,
+		    chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1]);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_wss_init(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	snd_wss_calibrate_mute(chip, 1);
+	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+
+#ifdef SNDRV_DEBUG_MCE
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "init: (1)\n");
+#endif
+	snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] &= ~(CS4231_PLAYBACK_ENABLE |
+						    CS4231_PLAYBACK_PIO |
+						    CS4231_RECORD_ENABLE |
+						    CS4231_RECORD_PIO |
+						    CS4231_CALIB_MODE);
+		chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] |= CS4231_AUTOCALIB;
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_IFACE_CTRL, chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL]);
+	}
+	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+
+#ifdef SNDRV_DEBUG_MCE
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "init: (2)\n");
+#endif
+
+	snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] &= ~CS4231_AUTOCALIB;
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_IFACE_CTRL, chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL]);
+		snd_wss_out(chip,
+			    CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1, chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1]);
+	}
+	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+
+#ifdef SNDRV_DEBUG_MCE
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "init: (3) - afei = 0x%x\n",
+		chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1]);
+#endif
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_2,
+			    chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_2]);
+	}
+
+	snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT,
+			    chip->image[CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT]);
+	}
+	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+
+#ifdef SNDRV_DEBUG_MCE
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "init: (4)\n");
+#endif
+
+	snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		if (!(chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK))
+			snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_REC_FORMAT,
+				    chip->image[CS4231_REC_FORMAT]);
+	}
+	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+	snd_wss_calibrate_mute(chip, 0);
+
+#ifdef SNDRV_DEBUG_MCE
+	dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "init: (5)\n");
+#endif
+}
+
+static int snd_wss_open(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned int mode)
+{
+	guard(mutex)(&chip->open_mutex);
+	if ((chip->mode & mode) ||
+	    ((chip->mode & WSS_MODE_OPEN) && chip->single_dma))
+		return -EAGAIN;
+	if (chip->mode & WSS_MODE_OPEN) {
+		chip->mode |= mode;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	/* ok. now enable and ack CODEC IRQ */
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	if (!(chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK)) {
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_IRQ_STATUS,
+			    CS4231_PLAYBACK_IRQ |
+			    CS4231_RECORD_IRQ |
+			    CS4231_TIMER_IRQ);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_IRQ_STATUS, 0);
+	}
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(STATUS), 0);	/* clear IRQ */
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(STATUS), 0);	/* clear IRQ */
+	chip->image[CS4231_PIN_CTRL] |= CS4231_IRQ_ENABLE;
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PIN_CTRL, chip->image[CS4231_PIN_CTRL]);
+	if (!(chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK)) {
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_IRQ_STATUS,
+			    CS4231_PLAYBACK_IRQ |
+			    CS4231_RECORD_IRQ |
+			    CS4231_TIMER_IRQ);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_IRQ_STATUS, 0);
+	}
+
+	chip->mode = mode;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_wss_close(struct snd_wss *chip, unsigned int mode)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	guard(mutex)(&chip->open_mutex);
+	chip->mode &= ~mode;
+	if (chip->mode & WSS_MODE_OPEN)
+		return;
+	/* disable IRQ */
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	if (!(chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK))
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_IRQ_STATUS, 0);
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(STATUS), 0);	/* clear IRQ */
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(STATUS), 0);	/* clear IRQ */
+	chip->image[CS4231_PIN_CTRL] &= ~CS4231_IRQ_ENABLE;
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PIN_CTRL, chip->image[CS4231_PIN_CTRL]);
+
+	/* now disable record & playback */
+
+	if (chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] & (CS4231_PLAYBACK_ENABLE | CS4231_PLAYBACK_PIO |
+					       CS4231_RECORD_ENABLE | CS4231_RECORD_PIO)) {
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+		snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+		chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] &= ~(CS4231_PLAYBACK_ENABLE | CS4231_PLAYBACK_PIO |
+						     CS4231_RECORD_ENABLE | CS4231_RECORD_PIO);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_IFACE_CTRL,
+			    chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL]);
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+		snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+	}
+
+	/* clear IRQ again */
+	if (!(chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK))
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_IRQ_STATUS, 0);
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(STATUS), 0);	/* clear IRQ */
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(STATUS), 0);	/* clear IRQ */
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&chip->reg_lock, flags);
+
+	chip->mode = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  timer open/close
+ */
+
+static int snd_wss_timer_open(struct snd_timer *timer)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_timer_chip(timer);
+	snd_wss_open(chip, WSS_MODE_TIMER);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wss_timer_close(struct snd_timer *timer)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_timer_chip(timer);
+	snd_wss_close(chip, WSS_MODE_TIMER);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct snd_timer_hardware snd_wss_timer_table =
+{
+	.flags =	SNDRV_TIMER_HW_AUTO,
+	.resolution =	9945,
+	.ticks =	65535,
+	.open =		snd_wss_timer_open,
+	.close =	snd_wss_timer_close,
+	.c_resolution = snd_wss_timer_resolution,
+	.start =	snd_wss_timer_start,
+	.stop =		snd_wss_timer_stop,
+};
+
+/*
+ *  ok.. exported functions..
+ */
+
+static int snd_wss_playback_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					 struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	unsigned char new_pdfr;
+
+	new_pdfr = snd_wss_get_format(chip, params_format(hw_params),
+				params_channels(hw_params)) |
+				snd_wss_get_rate(params_rate(hw_params));
+	chip->set_playback_format(chip, hw_params, new_pdfr);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wss_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned int size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	chip->p_dma_size = size;
+	chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] &= ~(CS4231_PLAYBACK_ENABLE | CS4231_PLAYBACK_PIO);
+	snd_dma_program(chip->dma1, runtime->dma_addr, size, DMA_MODE_WRITE | DMA_AUTOINIT);
+	count = snd_wss_get_count(chip->image[CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT], count) - 1;
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLY_LWR_CNT, (unsigned char) count);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLY_UPR_CNT, (unsigned char) (count >> 8));
+#if 0
+	snd_wss_debug(chip);
+#endif
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wss_capture_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+					struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	unsigned char new_cdfr;
+
+	new_cdfr = snd_wss_get_format(chip, params_format(hw_params),
+			   params_channels(hw_params)) |
+			   snd_wss_get_rate(params_rate(hw_params));
+	chip->set_capture_format(chip, hw_params, new_cdfr);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wss_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	unsigned int size = snd_pcm_lib_buffer_bytes(substream);
+	unsigned int count = snd_pcm_lib_period_bytes(substream);
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	chip->c_dma_size = size;
+	chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] &= ~(CS4231_RECORD_ENABLE | CS4231_RECORD_PIO);
+	snd_dma_program(chip->dma2, runtime->dma_addr, size, DMA_MODE_READ | DMA_AUTOINIT);
+	if (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK)
+		count = snd_wss_get_count(chip->image[CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT],
+					  count);
+	else
+		count = snd_wss_get_count(chip->image[CS4231_REC_FORMAT],
+					  count);
+	count--;
+	if (chip->single_dma && chip->hardware != WSS_HW_INTERWAVE) {
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLY_LWR_CNT, (unsigned char) count);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLY_UPR_CNT,
+			    (unsigned char) (count >> 8));
+	} else {
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_REC_LWR_CNT, (unsigned char) count);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_REC_UPR_CNT,
+			    (unsigned char) (count >> 8));
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void snd_wss_overrange(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	unsigned char res;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		res = snd_wss_in(chip, CS4231_TEST_INIT);
+	}
+	if (res & (0x08 | 0x02))	/* detect overrange only above 0dB; may be user selectable? */
+		chip->capture_substream->runtime->overrange++;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_overrange);
+
+irqreturn_t snd_wss_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = dev_id;
+	unsigned char status;
+
+	if (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK)
+		/* pretend it was the only possible irq for AD1848 */
+		status = CS4231_PLAYBACK_IRQ;
+	else
+		status = snd_wss_in(chip, CS4231_IRQ_STATUS);
+	if (status & CS4231_TIMER_IRQ) {
+		if (chip->timer)
+			snd_timer_interrupt(chip->timer, chip->timer->sticks);
+	}
+	if (chip->single_dma && chip->hardware != WSS_HW_INTERWAVE) {
+		if (status & CS4231_PLAYBACK_IRQ) {
+			if (chip->mode & WSS_MODE_PLAY) {
+				if (chip->playback_substream)
+					snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->playback_substream);
+			}
+			if (chip->mode & WSS_MODE_RECORD) {
+				if (chip->capture_substream) {
+					snd_wss_overrange(chip);
+					snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->capture_substream);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (status & CS4231_PLAYBACK_IRQ) {
+			if (chip->playback_substream)
+				snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->playback_substream);
+		}
+		if (status & CS4231_RECORD_IRQ) {
+			if (chip->capture_substream) {
+				snd_wss_overrange(chip);
+				snd_pcm_period_elapsed(chip->capture_substream);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	guard(spinlock)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	status = ~CS4231_ALL_IRQS | ~status;
+	if (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK)
+		wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(STATUS), 0);
+	else
+		snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_IRQ_STATUS, status);
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_interrupt);
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_wss_playback_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	size_t ptr;
+
+	if (!(chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] & CS4231_PLAYBACK_ENABLE))
+		return 0;
+	ptr = snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma1, chip->p_dma_size);
+	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, ptr);
+}
+
+static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_wss_capture_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	size_t ptr;
+
+	if (!(chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] & CS4231_RECORD_ENABLE))
+		return 0;
+	ptr = snd_dma_pointer(chip->dma2, chip->c_dma_size);
+	return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, ptr);
+}
+
+/*
+
+ */
+
+static int snd_ad1848_probe(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	unsigned long timeout = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(1000);
+	unsigned char r;
+	unsigned short hardware = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	while (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT) {
+		if (time_after(jiffies, timeout))
+			return -ENODEV;
+		cond_resched();
+	}
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+
+	/* set CS423x MODE 1 */
+	snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_MISC_INFO, 0);
+
+	snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT, 0x45); /* 0x55 & ~0x10 */
+	r = snd_wss_in(chip, CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT);
+	if (r != 0x45) {
+		/* RMGE always high on AD1847 */
+		if ((r & ~CS4231_ENABLE_MIC_GAIN) != 0x45)
+			return -ENODEV;
+		hardware = WSS_HW_AD1847;
+	} else {
+		snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_LEFT_INPUT,  0xaa);
+		r = snd_wss_in(chip, CS4231_LEFT_INPUT);
+		/* L/RMGE always low on AT2320 */
+		if ((r | CS4231_ENABLE_MIC_GAIN) != 0xaa)
+			return -ENODEV;
+	}
+
+	/* clear pending IRQ */
+	wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(STATUS));
+	wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(STATUS), 0);
+	mb();
+
+	if ((chip->hardware & WSS_HW_TYPE_MASK) != WSS_HW_DETECT)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (hardware) {
+		chip->hardware = hardware;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	r = snd_wss_in(chip, CS4231_MISC_INFO);
+
+	/* set CS423x MODE 2 */
+	snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_MISC_INFO, CS4231_MODE2);
+	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+		if (snd_wss_in(chip, i) != snd_wss_in(chip, 16 + i)) {
+			/* we have more than 16 registers: check ID */
+			if ((r & 0xf) != 0xa)
+				goto out_mode;
+			/*
+			 * on CMI8330, CS4231_VERSION is volume control and
+			 * can be set to 0
+			 */
+			snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_VERSION, 0);
+			r = snd_wss_in(chip, CS4231_VERSION) & 0xe7;
+			if (!r)
+				chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CMI8330;
+			goto out_mode;
+		}
+	}
+	if (r & 0x80)
+		chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4248;
+	else
+		chip->hardware = WSS_HW_AD1848;
+out_mode:
+	snd_wss_dout(chip, CS4231_MISC_INFO, 0);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wss_probe(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	int i, id, rev, regnum;
+	unsigned char *ptr;
+	unsigned int hw;
+
+	id = snd_ad1848_probe(chip);
+	if (id < 0)
+		return id;
+
+	hw = chip->hardware;
+	if ((hw & WSS_HW_TYPE_MASK) == WSS_HW_DETECT) {
+		for (i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
+			mb();
+			if (wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL)) & CS4231_INIT)
+				msleep(2);
+			else {
+				guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+				snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_MISC_INFO,
+					    CS4231_MODE2);
+				id = snd_wss_in(chip, CS4231_MISC_INFO) & 0x0f;
+				if (id == 0x0a)
+					break;	/* this is valid value */
+			}
+		}
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "wss: port = 0x%lx, id = 0x%x\n",
+			chip->port, id);
+		if (id != 0x0a)
+			return -ENODEV;	/* no valid device found */
+
+		rev = snd_wss_in(chip, CS4231_VERSION) & 0xe7;
+		dev_dbg(chip->card->dev, "CS4231: VERSION (I25) = 0x%x\n", rev);
+		if (rev == 0x80) {
+			unsigned char tmp = snd_wss_in(chip, 23);
+			snd_wss_out(chip, 23, ~tmp);
+			if (snd_wss_in(chip, 23) != tmp)
+				chip->hardware = WSS_HW_AD1845;
+			else
+				chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4231;
+		} else if (rev == 0xa0) {
+			chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4231A;
+		} else if (rev == 0xa2) {
+			chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4232;
+		} else if (rev == 0xb2) {
+			chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4232A;
+		} else if (rev == 0x83) {
+			chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4236;
+		} else if (rev == 0x03) {
+			chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4236B;
+		} else {
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+				"unknown CS chip with version 0x%x\n", rev);
+			return -ENODEV;		/* unknown CS4231 chip? */
+		}
+	}
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(STATUS));	/* clear any pendings IRQ */
+		wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(STATUS), 0);
+		mb();
+	}
+
+	if (!(chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK))
+		chip->image[CS4231_MISC_INFO] = CS4231_MODE2;
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case WSS_HW_INTERWAVE:
+		chip->image[CS4231_MISC_INFO] = CS4231_IW_MODE3;
+		break;
+	case WSS_HW_CS4235:
+	case WSS_HW_CS4236B:
+	case WSS_HW_CS4237B:
+	case WSS_HW_CS4238B:
+	case WSS_HW_CS4239:
+		if (hw == WSS_HW_DETECT3)
+			chip->image[CS4231_MISC_INFO] = CS4231_4236_MODE3;
+		else
+			chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4236;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] =
+	    (chip->image[CS4231_IFACE_CTRL] & ~CS4231_SINGLE_DMA) |
+	    (chip->single_dma ? CS4231_SINGLE_DMA : 0);
+	if (chip->hardware != WSS_HW_OPTI93X) {
+		chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_1] = 0x80;
+		chip->image[CS4231_ALT_FEATURE_2] =
+			chip->hardware == WSS_HW_INTERWAVE ? 0xc2 : 0x01;
+	}
+	/* enable fine grained frequency selection */
+	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_AD1845)
+		chip->image[AD1845_PWR_DOWN] = 8;
+
+	ptr = (unsigned char *) &chip->image;
+	regnum = (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK) ? 16 : 32;
+	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		for (i = 0; i < regnum; i++)	/* ok.. fill all registers */
+			snd_wss_out(chip, i, *ptr++);
+	}
+	snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
+	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+
+	mdelay(2);
+
+	/* ok.. try check hardware version for CS4236+ chips */
+	if ((hw & WSS_HW_TYPE_MASK) == WSS_HW_DETECT) {
+		if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4236B) {
+			rev = snd_cs4236_ext_in(chip, CS4236_VERSION);
+			snd_cs4236_ext_out(chip, CS4236_VERSION, 0xff);
+			id = snd_cs4236_ext_in(chip, CS4236_VERSION);
+			snd_cs4236_ext_out(chip, CS4236_VERSION, rev);
+			dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
+				"CS4231: ext version; rev = 0x%x, id = 0x%x\n",
+				rev, id);
+			if ((id & 0x1f) == 0x1d) {	/* CS4235 */
+				chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4235;
+				switch (id >> 5) {
+				case 4:
+				case 5:
+				case 6:
+					break;
+				default:
+					dev_warn(chip->card->dev,
+						 "unknown CS4235 chip (enhanced version = 0x%x)\n",
+						 id);
+				}
+			} else if ((id & 0x1f) == 0x0b) {	/* CS4236/B */
+				switch (id >> 5) {
+				case 4:
+				case 5:
+				case 6:
+				case 7:
+					chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4236B;
+					break;
+				default:
+					dev_warn(chip->card->dev,
+						 "unknown CS4236 chip (enhanced version = 0x%x)\n",
+						 id);
+				}
+			} else if ((id & 0x1f) == 0x08) {	/* CS4237B */
+				chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4237B;
+				switch (id >> 5) {
+				case 4:
+				case 5:
+				case 6:
+				case 7:
+					break;
+				default:
+					dev_warn(chip->card->dev,
+						 "unknown CS4237B chip (enhanced version = 0x%x)\n",
+						 id);
+				}
+			} else if ((id & 0x1f) == 0x09) {	/* CS4238B */
+				chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4238B;
+				switch (id >> 5) {
+				case 5:
+				case 6:
+				case 7:
+					break;
+				default:
+					dev_warn(chip->card->dev,
+						 "unknown CS4238B chip (enhanced version = 0x%x)\n",
+						 id);
+				}
+			} else if ((id & 0x1f) == 0x1e) {	/* CS4239 */
+				chip->hardware = WSS_HW_CS4239;
+				switch (id >> 5) {
+				case 4:
+				case 5:
+				case 6:
+					break;
+				default:
+					dev_warn(chip->card->dev,
+						 "unknown CS4239 chip (enhanced version = 0x%x)\n",
+						 id);
+				}
+			} else {
+				dev_warn(chip->card->dev,
+					 "unknown CS4236/CS423xB chip (enhanced version = 0x%x)\n",
+					 id);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;		/* all things are ok.. */
+}
+
+/*
+
+ */
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_wss_playback =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START),
+	.formats =		(SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_MU_LAW | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_A_LAW | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IMA_ADPCM |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_BE),
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_KNOT | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		5510,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_wss_capture =
+{
+	.info =			(SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_INFO_SYNC_START),
+	.formats =		(SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_MU_LAW | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_A_LAW | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IMA_ADPCM |
+				 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_BE),
+	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_KNOT | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
+	.rate_min =		5510,
+	.rate_max =		48000,
+	.channels_min =		1,
+	.channels_max =		2,
+	.buffer_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.period_bytes_min =	64,
+	.period_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
+	.periods_min =		1,
+	.periods_max =		1024,
+	.fifo_size =		0,
+};
+
+/*
+
+ */
+
+static int snd_wss_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int err;
+
+	runtime->hw = snd_wss_playback;
+
+	/* hardware limitation of older chipsets */
+	if (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK)
+		runtime->hw.formats &= ~(SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IMA_ADPCM |
+					 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_BE);
+
+	/* hardware bug in InterWave chipset */
+	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_INTERWAVE && chip->dma1 > 3)
+		runtime->hw.formats &= ~SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_MU_LAW;
+
+	/* hardware limitation of cheap chips */
+	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4235 ||
+	    chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4239)
+		runtime->hw.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE;
+
+	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma1, &runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max);
+	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma1, &runtime->hw.period_bytes_max);
+
+	if (chip->claim_dma) {
+		err = chip->claim_dma(chip, chip->dma_private_data, chip->dma1);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_wss_open(chip, WSS_MODE_PLAY);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		if (chip->release_dma)
+			chip->release_dma(chip, chip->dma_private_data, chip->dma1);
+		return err;
+	}
+	chip->playback_substream = substream;
+	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
+	chip->rate_constraint(runtime);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wss_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	int err;
+
+	runtime->hw = snd_wss_capture;
+
+	/* hardware limitation of older chipsets */
+	if (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK)
+		runtime->hw.formats &= ~(SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IMA_ADPCM |
+					 SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_BE);
+
+	/* hardware limitation of cheap chips */
+	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4235 ||
+	    chip->hardware == WSS_HW_CS4239 ||
+	    chip->hardware == WSS_HW_OPTI93X)
+		runtime->hw.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 |
+				      SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE;
+
+	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma2, &runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max);
+	snd_pcm_limit_isa_dma_size(chip->dma2, &runtime->hw.period_bytes_max);
+
+	if (chip->claim_dma) {
+		err = chip->claim_dma(chip, chip->dma_private_data, chip->dma2);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_wss_open(chip, WSS_MODE_RECORD);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		if (chip->release_dma)
+			chip->release_dma(chip, chip->dma_private_data, chip->dma2);
+		return err;
+	}
+	chip->capture_substream = substream;
+	snd_pcm_set_sync(substream);
+	chip->rate_constraint(runtime);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wss_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	chip->playback_substream = NULL;
+	snd_wss_close(chip, WSS_MODE_PLAY);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wss_capture_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
+
+	chip->capture_substream = NULL;
+	snd_wss_close(chip, WSS_MODE_RECORD);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_wss_thinkpad_twiddle(struct snd_wss *chip, int on)
+{
+	int tmp;
+
+	if (!chip->thinkpad_flag)
+		return;
+
+	outb(0x1c, AD1848_THINKPAD_CTL_PORT1);
+	tmp = inb(AD1848_THINKPAD_CTL_PORT2);
+
+	if (on)
+		/* turn it on */
+		tmp |= AD1848_THINKPAD_CS4248_ENABLE_BIT;
+	else
+		/* turn it off */
+		tmp &= ~AD1848_THINKPAD_CS4248_ENABLE_BIT;
+
+	outb(tmp, AD1848_THINKPAD_CTL_PORT2);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+
+/* lowlevel suspend callback for CS4231 */
+static void snd_wss_suspend(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	int reg;
+
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		for (reg = 0; reg < 32; reg++)
+			chip->image[reg] = snd_wss_in(chip, reg);
+	}
+	if (chip->thinkpad_flag)
+		snd_wss_thinkpad_twiddle(chip, 0);
+}
+
+/* lowlevel resume callback for CS4231 */
+static void snd_wss_resume(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	int reg;
+	/* int timeout; */
+
+	if (chip->thinkpad_flag)
+		snd_wss_thinkpad_twiddle(chip, 1);
+	snd_wss_mce_up(chip);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		for (reg = 0; reg < 32; reg++) {
+			switch (reg) {
+			case CS4231_VERSION:
+				break;
+			default:
+				snd_wss_out(chip, reg, chip->image[reg]);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		/* Yamaha needs this to resume properly */
+		if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_OPL3SA2)
+			snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT,
+				    chip->image[CS4231_PLAYBK_FORMAT]);
+	}
+#if 1
+	snd_wss_mce_down(chip);
+#else
+	/* The following is a workaround to avoid freeze after resume on TP600E.
+	   This is the first half of copy of snd_wss_mce_down(), but doesn't
+	   include rescheduling.  -- iwai
+	   */
+	snd_wss_busy_wait(chip);
+	scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &chip->reg_lock) {
+		chip->mce_bit &= ~CS4231_MCE;
+		timeout = wss_inb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL));
+		wss_outb(chip, CS4231P(REGSEL), chip->mce_bit | (timeout & 0x1f));
+	}
+	if (timeout == 0x80)
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev
+			"down [0x%lx]: serious init problem - codec still busy\n",
+			chip->port);
+	if ((timeout & CS4231_MCE) == 0 ||
+	    !(chip->hardware & (WSS_HW_CS4231_MASK | WSS_HW_CS4232_MASK))) {
+		return;
+	}
+	snd_wss_busy_wait(chip);
+#endif
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_PM */
+
+const char *snd_wss_chip_id(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case WSS_HW_CS4231:
+		return "CS4231";
+	case WSS_HW_CS4231A:
+		return "CS4231A";
+	case WSS_HW_CS4232:
+		return "CS4232";
+	case WSS_HW_CS4232A:
+		return "CS4232A";
+	case WSS_HW_CS4235:
+		return "CS4235";
+	case WSS_HW_CS4236:
+		return "CS4236";
+	case WSS_HW_CS4236B:
+		return "CS4236B";
+	case WSS_HW_CS4237B:
+		return "CS4237B";
+	case WSS_HW_CS4238B:
+		return "CS4238B";
+	case WSS_HW_CS4239:
+		return "CS4239";
+	case WSS_HW_INTERWAVE:
+		return "AMD InterWave";
+	case WSS_HW_OPL3SA2:
+		return chip->card->shortname;
+	case WSS_HW_AD1845:
+		return "AD1845";
+	case WSS_HW_OPTI93X:
+		return "OPTi 93x";
+	case WSS_HW_AD1847:
+		return "AD1847";
+	case WSS_HW_AD1848:
+		return "AD1848";
+	case WSS_HW_CS4248:
+		return "CS4248";
+	case WSS_HW_CMI8330:
+		return "CMI8330/C3D";
+	default:
+		return "???";
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_chip_id);
+
+static int snd_wss_new(struct snd_card *card,
+			  unsigned short hardware,
+			  unsigned short hwshare,
+			  struct snd_wss **rchip)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+
+	*rchip = NULL;
+	chip = devm_kzalloc(card->dev, sizeof(*chip), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (chip == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	chip->hardware = hardware;
+	chip->hwshare = hwshare;
+
+	spin_lock_init(&chip->reg_lock);
+	mutex_init(&chip->mce_mutex);
+	mutex_init(&chip->open_mutex);
+	chip->card = card;
+	chip->rate_constraint = snd_wss_xrate;
+	chip->set_playback_format = snd_wss_playback_format;
+	chip->set_capture_format = snd_wss_capture_format;
+	if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_OPTI93X)
+		memcpy(&chip->image, &snd_opti93x_original_image,
+		       sizeof(snd_opti93x_original_image));
+	else
+		memcpy(&chip->image, &snd_wss_original_image,
+		       sizeof(snd_wss_original_image));
+	if (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK) {
+		chip->image[CS4231_PIN_CTRL] = 0;
+		chip->image[CS4231_TEST_INIT] = 0;
+	}
+
+	*rchip = chip;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int snd_wss_create(struct snd_card *card,
+		      unsigned long port,
+		      unsigned long cport,
+		      int irq, int dma1, int dma2,
+		      unsigned short hardware,
+		      unsigned short hwshare,
+		      struct snd_wss **rchip)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_wss_new(card, hardware, hwshare, &chip);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	chip->irq = -1;
+	chip->dma1 = -1;
+	chip->dma2 = -1;
+
+	chip->res_port = devm_request_region(card->dev, port, 4, "WSS");
+	if (!chip->res_port) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "wss: can't grab port 0x%lx\n", port);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->port = port;
+	if ((long)cport >= 0) {
+		chip->res_cport = devm_request_region(card->dev, cport, 8,
+						      "CS4232 Control");
+		if (!chip->res_cport) {
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+				"wss: can't grab control port 0x%lx\n", cport);
+			return -ENODEV;
+		}
+	}
+	chip->cport = cport;
+	if (!(hwshare & WSS_HWSHARE_IRQ))
+		if (devm_request_irq(card->dev, irq, snd_wss_interrupt, 0,
+				     "WSS", (void *) chip)) {
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev, "wss: can't grab IRQ %d\n", irq);
+			return -EBUSY;
+		}
+	chip->irq = irq;
+	card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
+	if (!(hwshare & WSS_HWSHARE_DMA1) &&
+	    snd_devm_request_dma(card->dev, dma1, "WSS - 1")) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "wss: can't grab DMA1 %d\n", dma1);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	chip->dma1 = dma1;
+	if (!(hwshare & WSS_HWSHARE_DMA2) && dma1 != dma2 && dma2 >= 0 &&
+	    snd_devm_request_dma(card->dev, dma2, "WSS - 2")) {
+		dev_err(chip->card->dev, "wss: can't grab DMA2 %d\n", dma2);
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	if (dma1 == dma2 || dma2 < 0) {
+		chip->single_dma = 1;
+		chip->dma2 = chip->dma1;
+	} else
+		chip->dma2 = dma2;
+
+	if (hardware == WSS_HW_THINKPAD) {
+		chip->thinkpad_flag = 1;
+		chip->hardware = WSS_HW_DETECT; /* reset */
+		snd_wss_thinkpad_twiddle(chip, 1);
+	}
+
+	/* global setup */
+	if (snd_wss_probe(chip) < 0)
+		return -ENODEV;
+	snd_wss_init(chip);
+
+#if 0
+	if (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_CS4232_MASK) {
+		if (chip->res_cport == NULL)
+			dev_err(chip->card->dev,
+				"CS4232 control port features are not accessible\n");
+	}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	/* Power Management */
+	chip->suspend = snd_wss_suspend;
+	chip->resume = snd_wss_resume;
+#endif
+
+	*rchip = chip;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_create);
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_wss_playback_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_wss_playback_open,
+	.close =	snd_wss_playback_close,
+	.hw_params =	snd_wss_playback_hw_params,
+	.prepare =	snd_wss_playback_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_wss_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_wss_playback_pointer,
+};
+
+static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_wss_capture_ops = {
+	.open =		snd_wss_capture_open,
+	.close =	snd_wss_capture_close,
+	.hw_params =	snd_wss_capture_hw_params,
+	.prepare =	snd_wss_capture_prepare,
+	.trigger =	snd_wss_trigger,
+	.pointer =	snd_wss_capture_pointer,
+};
+
+int snd_wss_pcm(struct snd_wss *chip, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, "WSS", device, 1, 1, &pcm);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_wss_playback_ops);
+	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_wss_capture_ops);
+
+	/* global setup */
+	pcm->private_data = chip;
+	pcm->info_flags = 0;
+	if (chip->single_dma)
+		pcm->info_flags |= SNDRV_PCM_INFO_HALF_DUPLEX;
+	if (chip->hardware != WSS_HW_INTERWAVE)
+		pcm->info_flags |= SNDRV_PCM_INFO_JOINT_DUPLEX;
+	strscpy(pcm->name, snd_wss_chip_id(chip));
+
+	snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, chip->card->dev,
+				       64*1024, chip->dma1 > 3 || chip->dma2 > 3 ? 128*1024 : 64*1024);
+
+	chip->pcm = pcm;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_pcm);
+
+static void snd_wss_timer_free(struct snd_timer *timer)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = timer->private_data;
+	chip->timer = NULL;
+}
+
+int snd_wss_timer(struct snd_wss *chip, int device)
+{
+	struct snd_timer *timer;
+	struct snd_timer_id tid;
+	int err;
+
+	/* Timer initialization */
+	tid.dev_class = SNDRV_TIMER_CLASS_CARD;
+	tid.dev_sclass = SNDRV_TIMER_SCLASS_NONE;
+	tid.card = chip->card->number;
+	tid.device = device;
+	tid.subdevice = 0;
+	err = snd_timer_new(chip->card, "CS4231", &tid, &timer);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	strscpy(timer->name, snd_wss_chip_id(chip));
+	timer->private_data = chip;
+	timer->private_free = snd_wss_timer_free;
+	timer->hw = snd_wss_timer_table;
+	chip->timer = timer;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_timer);
+
+/*
+ *  MIXER part
+ */
+
+static int snd_wss_info_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			    struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[4] = {
+		"Line", "Aux", "Mic", "Mix"
+	};
+	static const char * const opl3sa_texts[4] = {
+		"Line", "CD", "Mic", "Mix"
+	};
+	static const char * const gusmax_texts[4] = {
+		"Line", "Synth", "Mic", "Mix"
+	};
+	const char * const *ptexts = texts;
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip->card))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (!strcmp(chip->card->driver, "GUS MAX"))
+		ptexts = gusmax_texts;
+	switch (chip->hardware) {
+	case WSS_HW_INTERWAVE:
+		ptexts = gusmax_texts;
+		break;
+	case WSS_HW_OPTI93X:
+	case WSS_HW_OPL3SA2:
+		ptexts = opl3sa_texts;
+		break;
+	}
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 2, 4, ptexts);
+}
+
+static int snd_wss_get_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = (chip->image[CS4231_LEFT_INPUT] & CS4231_MIXS_ALL) >> 6;
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[1] = (chip->image[CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT] & CS4231_MIXS_ALL) >> 6;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_wss_put_mux(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned short left, right;
+	int change;
+
+	if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] > 3 ||
+	    ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[1] > 3)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	left = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] << 6;
+	right = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[1] << 6;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	left = (chip->image[CS4231_LEFT_INPUT] & ~CS4231_MIXS_ALL) | left;
+	right = (chip->image[CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT] & ~CS4231_MIXS_ALL) | right;
+	change = left != chip->image[CS4231_LEFT_INPUT] ||
+		 right != chip->image[CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT];
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_LEFT_INPUT, left);
+	snd_wss_out(chip, CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT, right);
+	return change;
+}
+
+int snd_wss_info_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+
+	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_info_single);
+
+int snd_wss_get_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+		       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (chip->image[reg] >> shift) & mask;
+	if (invert)
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_get_single);
+
+int snd_wss_put_single(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+		       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int shift = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int change;
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	val = (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask);
+	if (invert)
+		val = mask - val;
+	val <<= shift;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	val = (chip->image[reg] & ~(mask << shift)) | val;
+	change = val != chip->image[reg];
+	snd_wss_out(chip, reg, val);
+	return change;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_put_single);
+
+int snd_wss_info_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+
+	uinfo->type = mask == 1 ? SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN : SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = 2;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = mask;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_info_double);
+
+int snd_wss_get_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+		       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 22) & 1;
+
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (chip->image[left_reg] >> shift_left) & mask;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = (chip->image[right_reg] >> shift_right) & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+		ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = mask - ucontrol->value.integer.value[1];
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_get_double);
+
+int snd_wss_put_double(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+		       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct snd_wss *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int left_reg = kcontrol->private_value & 0xff;
+	int right_reg = (kcontrol->private_value >> 8) & 0xff;
+	int shift_left = (kcontrol->private_value >> 16) & 0x07;
+	int shift_right = (kcontrol->private_value >> 19) & 0x07;
+	int mask = (kcontrol->private_value >> 24) & 0xff;
+	int invert = (kcontrol->private_value >> 22) & 1;
+	int change;
+	unsigned short val1, val2;
+
+	val1 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] & mask;
+	val2 = ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] & mask;
+	if (invert) {
+		val1 = mask - val1;
+		val2 = mask - val2;
+	}
+	val1 <<= shift_left;
+	val2 <<= shift_right;
+	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&chip->reg_lock);
+	if (left_reg != right_reg) {
+		val1 = (chip->image[left_reg] & ~(mask << shift_left)) | val1;
+		val2 = (chip->image[right_reg] & ~(mask << shift_right)) | val2;
+		change = val1 != chip->image[left_reg] ||
+			 val2 != chip->image[right_reg];
+		snd_wss_out(chip, left_reg, val1);
+		snd_wss_out(chip, right_reg, val2);
+	} else {
+		mask = (mask << shift_left) | (mask << shift_right);
+		val1 = (chip->image[left_reg] & ~mask) | val1 | val2;
+		change = val1 != chip->image[left_reg];
+		snd_wss_out(chip, left_reg, val1);
+	}
+	return change;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_put_double);
+
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_6bit, -9450, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_5bit_12db_max, -3450, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_rec_gain, 0, 150, 0);
+static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_4bit, -4500, 300, 0);
+
+static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_wss_controls[] = {
+WSS_DOUBLE("PCM Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_OUTPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_OUTPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("PCM Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_OUTPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_OUTPUT, 0, 0, 63, 1,
+		db_scale_6bit),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Aux Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX1_RIGHT_INPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("Aux Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_AUX1_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX1_RIGHT_INPUT, 0, 0, 31, 1,
+		db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Aux Playback Switch", 1,
+		CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("Aux Playback Volume", 1,
+		CS4231_AUX2_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_AUX2_RIGHT_INPUT, 0, 0, 31, 1,
+		db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("Capture Volume", 0, CS4231_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT,
+		0, 0, 15, 0, db_scale_rec_gain),
+{
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Capture Source",
+	.info = snd_wss_info_mux,
+	.get = snd_wss_get_mux,
+	.put = snd_wss_put_mux,
+},
+WSS_DOUBLE("Mic Boost (+20dB)", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_INPUT, CS4231_RIGHT_INPUT, 5, 5, 1, 0),
+WSS_SINGLE("Loopback Capture Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_LOOPBACK, 0, 1, 0),
+WSS_SINGLE_TLV("Loopback Capture Volume", 0, CS4231_LOOPBACK, 2, 63, 1,
+		db_scale_6bit),
+WSS_DOUBLE("Line Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_LINE_IN, CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN, 7, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_DOUBLE_TLV("Line Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_LEFT_LINE_IN, CS4231_RIGHT_LINE_IN, 0, 0, 31, 1,
+		db_scale_5bit_12db_max),
+WSS_SINGLE("Beep Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_MONO_CTRL, 7, 1, 1),
+WSS_SINGLE_TLV("Beep Playback Volume", 0,
+		CS4231_MONO_CTRL, 0, 15, 1,
+		db_scale_4bit),
+WSS_SINGLE("Mono Output Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_MONO_CTRL, 6, 1, 1),
+WSS_SINGLE("Beep Bypass Playback Switch", 0,
+		CS4231_MONO_CTRL, 5, 1, 0),
+};
+
+int snd_wss_mixer(struct snd_wss *chip)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card;
+	unsigned int idx;
+	int err;
+	int count = ARRAY_SIZE(snd_wss_controls);
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!chip || !chip->pcm))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	card = chip->card;
+
+	strscpy(card->mixername, chip->pcm->name);
+
+	/* Use only the first 11 entries on AD1848 */
+	if (chip->hardware & WSS_HW_AD1848_MASK)
+		count = 11;
+	/* There is no loopback on OPTI93X */
+	else if (chip->hardware == WSS_HW_OPTI93X)
+		count = 9;
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx < count; idx++) {
+		err = snd_ctl_add(card,
+				snd_ctl_new1(&snd_wss_controls[idx],
+					     chip));
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_mixer);
+
+const struct snd_pcm_ops *snd_wss_get_pcm_ops(int direction)
+{
+	return direction == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK ?
+		&snd_wss_playback_ops : &snd_wss_capture_ops;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_wss_get_pcm_ops);