x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructionsgrafted

When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function,
a crash can be triggered.

The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues()
function:

<__hrtimer_run_queues+249>:  nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
<__hrtimer_run_queues+254>:  mov    %r14,%rdi
<__hrtimer_run_queues+257>:  cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12>
<__hrtimer_run_queues+263>:  mov    %eax,%r12d
<__hrtimer_run_queues+266>:  xchg   %ax,%ax
<__hrtimer_run_queues+268>:  mov    %r13,%rdi

Which triggers this crash:

  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9
  #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode
  #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page
  PGD 0 P4D 0
  Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI
  CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P
  RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230

Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is
at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL
instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that
call instruction.

The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a
function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation.

During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction,
int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes
long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes,
so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU
returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at
the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally,
starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely
different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash.

Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from
the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return
address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro.

[ mingo: Refined the changelog ]

Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step")
Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jinke Han <jinkehan@didiglobal.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000

1 files changed, 193 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/scripts/headerdep.pl b/scripts/headerdep.pl
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..ebfcbef43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/headerdep.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env perl
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#
+# Detect cycles in the header file dependency graph
+# Vegard Nossum <vegardno@ifi.uio.no>
+#
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use Getopt::Long;
+
+my $opt_all;
+my @opt_include;
+my $opt_graph;
+
+&Getopt::Long::Configure(qw(bundling pass_through));
+&GetOptions(
+	help	=> \&help,
+	version	=> \&version,
+
+	all	=> \$opt_all,
+	"I=s"	=> \@opt_include,
+	graph	=> \$opt_graph,
+);
+
+push @opt_include, 'include';
+my %deps = ();
+my %linenos = ();
+
+my @headers = grep { strip($_) } @ARGV;
+
+parse_all(@headers);
+
+if($opt_graph) {
+	graph();
+} else {
+	detect_cycles(@headers);
+}
+
+
+sub help {
+	print "Usage: $0 [options] file...\n";
+	print "\n";
+	print "Options:\n";
+	print "  --all\n";
+	print "  --graph\n";
+	print "\n";
+	print "  -I includedir\n";
+	print "\n";
+	print "To make nice graphs, try:\n";
+	print "  $0 --graph include/linux/kernel.h | dot -Tpng -o graph.png\n";
+	exit;
+}
+
+sub version {
+	print "headerdep version 2\n";
+	exit;
+}
+
+# Get a file name that is relative to our include paths
+sub strip {
+	my $filename = shift;
+
+	for my $i (@opt_include) {
+		my $stripped = $filename;
+		$stripped =~ s/^$i\///;
+
+		return $stripped if $stripped ne $filename;
+	}
+
+	return $filename;
+}
+
+# Search for the file name in the list of include paths
+sub search {
+	my $filename = shift;
+	return $filename if -f $filename;
+
+	for my $i (@opt_include) {
+		my $path = "$i/$filename";
+		return $path if -f $path;
+	}
+	return;
+}
+
+sub parse_all {
+	# Parse all the headers.
+	my @queue = @_;
+	while(@queue) {
+		my $header = pop @queue;
+		next if exists $deps{$header};
+
+		$deps{$header} = [] unless exists $deps{$header};
+
+		my $path = search($header);
+		next unless $path;
+
+		open(my $file, '<', $path) or die($!);
+		chomp(my @lines = <$file>);
+		close($file);
+
+		for my $i (0 .. $#lines) {
+			my $line = $lines[$i];
+			if(my($dep) = ($line =~ m/^#\s*include\s*<(.*?)>/)) {
+				push @queue, $dep;
+				push @{$deps{$header}}, [$i + 1, $dep];
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub print_cycle {
+	# $cycle[n] includes $cycle[n + 1];
+	# $cycle[-1] will be the culprit
+	my $cycle = shift;
+
+	# Adjust the line numbers
+	for my $i (0 .. $#$cycle - 1) {
+		$cycle->[$i]->[0] = $cycle->[$i + 1]->[0];
+	}
+	$cycle->[-1]->[0] = 0;
+
+	my $first = shift @$cycle;
+	my $last = pop @$cycle;
+
+	my $msg = "In file included";
+	printf "%s from %s,\n", $msg, $last->[1] if defined $last;
+
+	for my $header (reverse @$cycle) {
+		printf "%s from %s:%d%s\n",
+			" " x length $msg,
+			$header->[1], $header->[0],
+			$header->[1] eq $last->[1] ? ' <-- here' : '';
+	}
+
+	printf "%s:%d: warning: recursive header inclusion\n",
+		$first->[1], $first->[0];
+}
+
+# Find and print the smallest cycle starting in the specified node.
+sub detect_cycles {
+	my @queue = map { [[0, $_]] } @_;
+	while(@queue) {
+		my $top = pop @queue;
+		my $name = $top->[-1]->[1];
+
+		for my $dep (@{$deps{$name}}) {
+			my $chain = [@$top, [$dep->[0], $dep->[1]]];
+
+			# If the dep already exists in the chain, we have a
+			# cycle...
+			if(grep { $_->[1] eq $dep->[1] } @$top) {
+				print_cycle($chain);
+				next if $opt_all;
+				return;
+			}
+
+			push @queue, $chain;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub mangle {
+	$_ = shift;
+	s/\//__/g;
+	s/\./_/g;
+	s/-/_/g;
+	$_;
+}
+
+# Output dependency graph in GraphViz language.
+sub graph {
+	print "digraph {\n";
+
+	print "\t/* vertices */\n";
+	for my $header (keys %deps) {
+		printf "\t%s [label=\"%s\"];\n",
+			mangle($header), $header;
+	}
+
+	print "\n";
+
+	print "\t/* edges */\n";
+	for my $header (keys %deps) {
+		for my $dep (@{$deps{$header}}) {
+			printf "\t%s -> %s;\n",
+				mangle($header), mangle($dep->[1]);
+		}
+	}
+
+	print "}\n";
+}