x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructionsgrafted

When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function,
a crash can be triggered.

The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues()
function:

<__hrtimer_run_queues+249>:  nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
<__hrtimer_run_queues+254>:  mov    %r14,%rdi
<__hrtimer_run_queues+257>:  cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12>
<__hrtimer_run_queues+263>:  mov    %eax,%r12d
<__hrtimer_run_queues+266>:  xchg   %ax,%ax
<__hrtimer_run_queues+268>:  mov    %r13,%rdi

Which triggers this crash:

  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9
  #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode
  #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page
  PGD 0 P4D 0
  Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI
  CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P
  RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230

Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is
at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL
instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that
call instruction.

The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a
function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation.

During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction,
int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes
long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes,
so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU
returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at
the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally,
starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely
different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash.

Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from
the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return
address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro.

[ mingo: Refined the changelog ]

Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step")
Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jinke Han <jinkehan@didiglobal.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000

1 files changed, 201 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/scripts/git-resolve.sh b/scripts/git-resolve.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e9b5940c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/git-resolve.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+# (c) 2025, Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
+
+usage() {
+	echo "Usage: $(basename "$0") [--selftest] [--force] <commit-id> [commit-subject]"
+	echo "Resolves a short git commit ID to its full SHA-1 hash, particularly useful for fixing references in commit messages."
+	echo ""
+	echo "Arguments:"
+	echo "  --selftest      Run self-tests"
+	echo "  --force         Try to find commit by subject if ID lookup fails"
+	echo "  commit-id       Short git commit ID to resolve"
+	echo "  commit-subject  Optional commit subject to help resolve between multiple matches"
+	exit 1
+}
+
+# Convert subject with ellipsis to grep pattern
+convert_to_grep_pattern() {
+	local subject="$1"
+	# First escape ALL regex special characters
+	local escaped_subject
+	escaped_subject=$(printf '%s\n' "$subject" | sed 's/[[\.*^$()+?{}|]/\\&/g')
+	# Also escape colons, parentheses, and hyphens as they are special in our context
+	escaped_subject=$(echo "$escaped_subject" | sed 's/[:-]/\\&/g')
+	# Then convert escaped ... sequence to .*?
+	escaped_subject=$(echo "$escaped_subject" | sed 's/\\\.\\\.\\\./.*?/g')
+	echo "^${escaped_subject}$"
+}
+
+git_resolve_commit() {
+	local force=0
+	if [ "$1" = "--force" ]; then
+		force=1
+		shift
+	fi
+
+	# Split input into commit ID and subject
+	local input="$*"
+	local commit_id="${input%% *}"
+	local subject=""
+
+	# Extract subject if present (everything after the first space)
+	if [[ "$input" == *" "* ]]; then
+		subject="${input#* }"
+		# Strip the ("...") quotes if present
+		subject="${subject#*(\"}"
+		subject="${subject%\")*}"
+	fi
+
+	# Get all possible matching commit IDs
+	local matches
+	readarray -t matches < <(git rev-parse --disambiguate="$commit_id" 2>/dev/null)
+
+	# Return immediately if we have exactly one match
+	if [ ${#matches[@]} -eq 1 ]; then
+		echo "${matches[0]}"
+		return 0
+	fi
+
+	# If no matches and not in force mode, return failure
+	if [ ${#matches[@]} -eq 0 ] && [ $force -eq 0 ]; then
+		return 1
+	fi
+
+	# If we have a subject, try to find a match with that subject
+	if [ -n "$subject" ]; then
+		# Convert subject with possible ellipsis to grep pattern
+		local grep_pattern
+		grep_pattern=$(convert_to_grep_pattern "$subject")
+
+		# In force mode with no ID matches, use git log --grep directly
+		if [ ${#matches[@]} -eq 0 ] && [ $force -eq 1 ]; then
+			# Use git log to search, but filter to ensure subject matches exactly
+			local match
+			match=$(git log --format="%H %s" --grep="$grep_pattern" --perl-regexp -10 | \
+					while read -r hash subject; do
+						if echo "$subject" | grep -qP "$grep_pattern"; then
+							echo "$hash"
+							break
+						fi
+					done)
+			if [ -n "$match" ]; then
+				echo "$match"
+				return 0
+			fi
+		else
+			# Normal subject matching for existing matches
+			for match in "${matches[@]}"; do
+				if git log -1 --format="%s" "$match" | grep -qP "$grep_pattern"; then
+					echo "$match"
+					return 0
+				fi
+			done
+		fi
+	fi
+
+	# No match found
+	return 1
+}
+
+run_selftest() {
+	local test_cases=(
+		'00250b5 ("MAINTAINERS: add new Rockchip SoC list")'
+		'0037727 ("KVM: selftests: Convert xen_shinfo_test away from VCPU_ID")'
+		'ffef737 ("net/tls: Fix skb memory leak when running kTLS traffic")'
+		'd3d7 ("cifs: Improve guard for excluding $LXDEV xattr")'
+		'dbef ("Rename .data.once to .data..once to fix resetting WARN*_ONCE")'
+		'12345678'  # Non-existent commit
+		'12345 ("I'\''m a dummy commit")'  # Valid prefix but wrong subject
+		'--force 99999999 ("net/tls: Fix skb memory leak when running kTLS traffic")'  # Force mode with non-existent ID but valid subject
+		'83be ("firmware: ... auto-update: fix poll_complete() ... errors")'  # Wildcard test
+		'--force 999999999999 ("firmware: ... auto-update: fix poll_complete() ... errors")'  # Force mode wildcard test
+	)
+
+	local expected=(
+		"00250b529313d6262bb0ebbd6bdf0a88c809f6f0"
+		"0037727b3989c3fe1929c89a9a1dfe289ad86f58"
+		"ffef737fd0372ca462b5be3e7a592a8929a82752"
+		"d3d797e326533794c3f707ce1761da7a8895458c"
+		"dbefa1f31a91670c9e7dac9b559625336206466f"
+		""  # Expect empty output for non-existent commit
+		""  # Expect empty output for wrong subject
+		"ffef737fd0372ca462b5be3e7a592a8929a82752"  # Should find commit by subject in force mode
+		"83beece5aff75879bdfc6df8ba84ea88fd93050e"  # Wildcard test
+		"83beece5aff75879bdfc6df8ba84ea88fd93050e"  # Force mode wildcard test
+	)
+
+	local expected_exit_codes=(
+		0
+		0
+		0
+		0
+		0
+		1  # Expect failure for non-existent commit
+		1  # Expect failure for wrong subject
+		0  # Should succeed in force mode
+		0  # Should succeed with wildcard
+		0  # Should succeed with force mode and wildcard
+	)
+
+	local failed=0
+
+	echo "Running self-tests..."
+	for i in "${!test_cases[@]}"; do
+		# Capture both output and exit code
+		local result
+		result=$(git_resolve_commit ${test_cases[$i]})  # Removed quotes to allow --force to be parsed
+		local exit_code=$?
+
+		# Check both output and exit code
+		if [ "$result" != "${expected[$i]}" ] || [ $exit_code != ${expected_exit_codes[$i]} ]; then
+			echo "Test case $((i+1)) FAILED"
+			echo "Input: ${test_cases[$i]}"
+			echo "Expected output: '${expected[$i]}'"
+			echo "Got output: '$result'"
+			echo "Expected exit code: ${expected_exit_codes[$i]}"
+			echo "Got exit code: $exit_code"
+			failed=1
+		else
+			echo "Test case $((i+1)) PASSED"
+		fi
+	done
+
+	if [ $failed -eq 0 ]; then
+		echo "All tests passed!"
+		exit 0
+	else
+		echo "Some tests failed!"
+		exit 1
+	fi
+}
+
+# Check for selftest
+if [ "$1" = "--selftest" ]; then
+	run_selftest
+	exit $?
+fi
+
+# Handle --force flag
+force=""
+if [ "$1" = "--force" ]; then
+	force="--force"
+	shift
+fi
+
+# Verify arguments
+if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then
+	usage
+fi
+
+# Skip validation in force mode
+if [ -z "$force" ]; then
+	# Validate that the first argument matches at least one git commit
+	if [ "$(git rev-parse --disambiguate="$1" 2>/dev/null | wc -l)" -eq 0 ]; then
+		echo "Error: '$1' does not match any git commit"
+		exit 1
+	fi
+fi
+
+git_resolve_commit $force "$@"
+exit $?