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authorLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2026-08-19 10:09:22 -0700
committerLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2026-08-19 10:09:22 -0700
commitf4cdf7ca9a1fdcca413157df19753f388a5a224e (patch)
tree60a31895b2446cd7fa27514e8c2843534a0de0da /samples/livepatch/livepatch-shadow-mod.c
downloadlinux-stable-f4cdf7ca9a1fdcca413157df19753f388a5a224e.tar.gz
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Merge tag 'media/v7.3-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mchehab/linux-mediagrafted
Pull media updates from Mauro Carvalho Chehab: - v4l2-core: added ISP statistics support and per-block validation - v4l2-core: Allow unknown HDR10 white point and luminance - New camera sensors: Sony IMX678 and IMX471m, Himax HM1092 IR sensor - New codec: Milos: VPU v2.0 codec support - isp driver: gained support for Dreamchip RPPX1 ISP framework - vsp1 driver: gained support for RZ/T2H and RZ/N2H - Novalake driver: gained CVS support for new NVL hardware - dvb-core: fix feed leak on failed DMX_ADD_PID - several driver fixes, cleanups and minor improvements * tag 'media/v7.3-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mchehab/linux-media: (308 commits) media: ipu-bridge: check all DMI entries when overriding sensor rotation media: v4l2-async: avoid deleting unlinked ASC entry on link error media: rzg2l-cru: Align bytesperline to hardware DMA stride requirement media: intel/ipu6: fix async notifier cleanup leak on parse error media: staging/ipu7: fix async notifier UAF on probe error path media: amd: isp4: fix self-deadlock in isp4sd_pwron_and_init() error path media: amd: isp4: release partial allocations in isp4if_alloc_fw_gpumem() media: rcar-isp: Fix VSPX reference leaks media: rcar-isp: Release ISPCORE resources media: i2c: imx415: Release runtime PM reference on VBLANK error media: i2c: imx415: Return test pattern write errors media: renesas: vsp1: Declare index variables in for loop statement media: renesas: vsp1: Make reset control optional to support platforms without a reset line media: dt-bindings: media: renesas,vsp1: Document RZ/T2H and RZ/N2H SoCs media: dt-bindings: media: renesas,fcp: Document RZ/T2H and RZ/N2H SoCs media: nxp: imx8-isi: Add additional 32-bit RGB format support media: nxp: imx8-isi: Add 16-bit raw Bayer format support media: nxp: imx8-isi: Implement per-stream reference counting for multiplexed streams media: nxp: imx8-isi: Use BIT_ULL() for 64-bit stream masks media: nxp: imx8-isi: Correct color map between V4L2 and ISI ...
Diffstat (limited to 'samples/livepatch/livepatch-shadow-mod.c')
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1 files changed, 212 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/samples/livepatch/livepatch-shadow-mod.c b/samples/livepatch/livepatch-shadow-mod.c
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+++ b/samples/livepatch/livepatch-shadow-mod.c
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2017 Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@redhat.com>
+ */
+
+/*
+ * livepatch-shadow-mod.c - Shadow variables, buggy module demo
+ *
+ * Purpose
+ * -------
+ *
+ * As a demonstration of livepatch shadow variable API, this module
+ * introduces memory leak behavior that livepatch modules
+ * livepatch-shadow-fix1.ko and livepatch-shadow-fix2.ko correct and
+ * enhance.
+ *
+ * WARNING - even though the livepatch-shadow-fix modules patch the
+ * memory leak, please load these modules at your own risk -- some
+ * amount of memory may leaked before the bug is patched.
+ *
+ *
+ * Usage
+ * -----
+ *
+ * Step 1 - Load the buggy demonstration module:
+ *
+ * insmod samples/livepatch/livepatch-shadow-mod.ko
+ *
+ * Watch dmesg output for a few moments to see new dummy being allocated
+ * and a periodic cleanup check. (Note: a small amount of memory is
+ * being leaked.)
+ *
+ *
+ * Step 2 - Load livepatch fix1:
+ *
+ * insmod samples/livepatch/livepatch-shadow-fix1.ko
+ *
+ * Continue watching dmesg and note that now livepatch_fix1_dummy_free()
+ * and livepatch_fix1_dummy_alloc() are logging messages about leaked
+ * memory and eventually leaks prevented.
+ *
+ *
+ * Step 3 - Load livepatch fix2 (on top of fix1):
+ *
+ * insmod samples/livepatch/livepatch-shadow-fix2.ko
+ *
+ * This module extends functionality through shadow variables, as a new
+ * "check" counter is added to the dummy structure. Periodic dmesg
+ * messages will log these as dummies are cleaned up.
+ *
+ *
+ * Step 4 - Cleanup
+ *
+ * Unwind the demonstration by disabling the livepatch fix modules, then
+ * removing them and the demo module:
+ *
+ * echo 0 > /sys/kernel/livepatch/livepatch_shadow_fix2/enabled
+ * echo 0 > /sys/kernel/livepatch/livepatch_shadow_fix1/enabled
+ * rmmod livepatch-shadow-fix2
+ * rmmod livepatch-shadow-fix1
+ * rmmod livepatch-shadow-mod
+ */
+
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/stat.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
+
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Joe Lawrence <joe.lawrence@redhat.com>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Buggy module for shadow variable demo");
+
+/* Allocate new dummies every second */
+#define ALLOC_PERIOD 1
+/* Check for expired dummies after a few new ones have been allocated */
+#define CLEANUP_PERIOD (3 * ALLOC_PERIOD)
+/* Dummies expire after a few cleanup instances */
+#define EXPIRE_PERIOD (4 * CLEANUP_PERIOD)
+
+/*
+ * Keep a list of all the dummies so we can clean up any residual ones
+ * on module exit
+ */
+static LIST_HEAD(dummy_list);
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(dummy_list_mutex);
+
+struct dummy {
+ struct list_head list;
+ unsigned long jiffies_expire;
+};
+
+static __used noinline struct dummy *dummy_alloc(void)
+{
+ struct dummy *d;
+ int *leak;
+
+ d = kzalloc(sizeof(*d), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!d)
+ return NULL;
+
+ d->jiffies_expire = jiffies + secs_to_jiffies(EXPIRE_PERIOD);
+
+ /* Oops, forgot to save leak! */
+ leak = kzalloc(sizeof(*leak), GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!leak) {
+ kfree(d);
+ return NULL;
+ }
+
+ pr_info("%s: dummy @ %p, expires @ %lx\n",
+ __func__, d, d->jiffies_expire);
+
+ return d;
+}
+
+static __used noinline void dummy_free(struct dummy *d)
+{
+ pr_info("%s: dummy @ %p, expired = %lx\n",
+ __func__, d, d->jiffies_expire);
+
+ kfree(d);
+}
+
+static __used noinline bool dummy_check(struct dummy *d,
+ unsigned long jiffies)
+{
+ return time_after(jiffies, d->jiffies_expire);
+}
+
+/*
+ * alloc_work_func: allocates new dummy structures, allocates additional
+ * memory, aptly named "leak", but doesn't keep
+ * permanent record of it.
+ */
+
+static void alloc_work_func(struct work_struct *work);
+static DECLARE_DELAYED_WORK(alloc_dwork, alloc_work_func);
+
+static void alloc_work_func(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+ struct dummy *d;
+
+ d = dummy_alloc();
+ if (!d)
+ return;
+
+ mutex_lock(&dummy_list_mutex);
+ list_add(&d->list, &dummy_list);
+ mutex_unlock(&dummy_list_mutex);
+
+ schedule_delayed_work(&alloc_dwork, secs_to_jiffies(ALLOC_PERIOD));
+}
+
+/*
+ * cleanup_work_func: frees dummy structures. Without knownledge of
+ * "leak", it leaks the additional memory that
+ * alloc_work_func created.
+ */
+
+static void cleanup_work_func(struct work_struct *work);
+static DECLARE_DELAYED_WORK(cleanup_dwork, cleanup_work_func);
+
+static void cleanup_work_func(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+ struct dummy *d, *tmp;
+ unsigned long j;
+
+ j = jiffies;
+ pr_info("%s: jiffies = %lx\n", __func__, j);
+
+ mutex_lock(&dummy_list_mutex);
+ list_for_each_entry_safe(d, tmp, &dummy_list, list) {
+
+ /* Kick out and free any expired dummies */
+ if (dummy_check(d, j)) {
+ list_del(&d->list);
+ dummy_free(d);
+ }
+ }
+ mutex_unlock(&dummy_list_mutex);
+
+ schedule_delayed_work(&cleanup_dwork, secs_to_jiffies(CLEANUP_PERIOD));
+}
+
+static int livepatch_shadow_mod_init(void)
+{
+ schedule_delayed_work(&alloc_dwork, secs_to_jiffies(ALLOC_PERIOD));
+ schedule_delayed_work(&cleanup_dwork, secs_to_jiffies(CLEANUP_PERIOD));
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void livepatch_shadow_mod_exit(void)
+{
+ struct dummy *d, *tmp;
+
+ /* Wait for any dummies at work */
+ cancel_delayed_work_sync(&alloc_dwork);
+ cancel_delayed_work_sync(&cleanup_dwork);
+
+ /* Cleanup residual dummies */
+ list_for_each_entry_safe(d, tmp, &dummy_list, list) {
+ list_del(&d->list);
+ dummy_free(d);
+ }
+}
+
+module_init(livepatch_shadow_mod_init);
+module_exit(livepatch_shadow_mod_exit);