x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructionsgrafted

When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function,
a crash can be triggered.

The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues()
function:

<__hrtimer_run_queues+249>:  nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
<__hrtimer_run_queues+254>:  mov    %r14,%rdi
<__hrtimer_run_queues+257>:  cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12>
<__hrtimer_run_queues+263>:  mov    %eax,%r12d
<__hrtimer_run_queues+266>:  xchg   %ax,%ax
<__hrtimer_run_queues+268>:  mov    %r13,%rdi

Which triggers this crash:

  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9
  #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode
  #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page
  PGD 0 P4D 0
  Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI
  CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P
  RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230

Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is
at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL
instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that
call instruction.

The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a
function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation.

During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction,
int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes
long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes,
so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU
returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at
the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally,
starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely
different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash.

Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from
the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return
address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro.

[ mingo: Refined the changelog ]

Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step")
Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jinke Han <jinkehan@didiglobal.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000

1 files changed, 170 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/net/rds/page.c b/net/rds/page.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..afb151eac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/net/rds/page.c
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2006 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This software is available to you under a choice of one of two
+ * licenses.  You may choose to be licensed under the terms of the GNU
+ * General Public License (GPL) Version 2, available from the file
+ * COPYING in the main directory of this source tree, or the
+ * OpenIB.org BSD license below:
+ *
+ *     Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
+ *     without modification, are permitted provided that the following
+ *     conditions are met:
+ *
+ *      - Redistributions of source code must retain the above
+ *        copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
+ *        disclaimer.
+ *
+ *      - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+ *        copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
+ *        disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials
+ *        provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+ * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
+ * BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+ * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ */
+#include <linux/highmem.h>
+#include <linux/gfp.h>
+#include <linux/cpu.h>
+#include <linux/export.h>
+
+#include "rds.h"
+
+struct rds_page_remainder {
+	struct page	*r_page;
+	unsigned long	r_offset;
+	local_lock_t	bh_lock;
+};
+
+static DEFINE_PER_CPU_SHARED_ALIGNED(struct rds_page_remainder, rds_page_remainders) = {
+	.bh_lock = INIT_LOCAL_LOCK(bh_lock),
+};
+
+/**
+ * rds_page_remainder_alloc - build up regions of a message.
+ *
+ * @scat: Scatter list for message
+ * @bytes: the number of bytes needed.
+ * @gfp: the waiting behaviour of the allocation
+ *
+ * @gfp is always ored with __GFP_HIGHMEM.  Callers must be prepared to
+ * kmap the pages, etc.
+ *
+ * If @bytes is at least a full page then this just returns a page from
+ * alloc_page().
+ *
+ * If @bytes is a partial page then this stores the unused region of the
+ * page in a per-cpu structure.  Future partial-page allocations may be
+ * satisfied from that cached region.  This lets us waste less memory on
+ * small allocations with minimal complexity.  It works because the transmit
+ * path passes read-only page regions down to devices.  They hold a page
+ * reference until they are done with the region.
+ */
+int rds_page_remainder_alloc(struct scatterlist *scat, unsigned long bytes,
+			     gfp_t gfp)
+{
+	struct rds_page_remainder *rem;
+	struct page *page;
+	int ret;
+
+	gfp |= __GFP_HIGHMEM;
+
+	/* jump straight to allocation if we're trying for a huge page */
+	if (bytes >= PAGE_SIZE) {
+		page = alloc_page(gfp);
+		if (!page) {
+			ret = -ENOMEM;
+		} else {
+			sg_set_page(scat, page, PAGE_SIZE, 0);
+			ret = 0;
+		}
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	local_bh_disable();
+	local_lock_nested_bh(&rds_page_remainders.bh_lock);
+	rem = this_cpu_ptr(&rds_page_remainders);
+
+	while (1) {
+		/* avoid a tiny region getting stuck by tossing it */
+		if (rem->r_page && bytes > (PAGE_SIZE - rem->r_offset)) {
+			rds_stats_inc(s_page_remainder_miss);
+			__free_page(rem->r_page);
+			rem->r_page = NULL;
+		}
+
+		/* hand out a fragment from the cached page */
+		if (rem->r_page && bytes <= (PAGE_SIZE - rem->r_offset)) {
+			sg_set_page(scat, rem->r_page, bytes, rem->r_offset);
+			get_page(sg_page(scat));
+
+			if (rem->r_offset != 0)
+				rds_stats_inc(s_page_remainder_hit);
+
+			rem->r_offset += ALIGN(bytes, 8);
+			if (rem->r_offset >= PAGE_SIZE) {
+				__free_page(rem->r_page);
+				rem->r_page = NULL;
+			}
+			ret = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* alloc if there is nothing for us to use */
+		local_unlock_nested_bh(&rds_page_remainders.bh_lock);
+		local_bh_enable();
+
+		page = alloc_page(gfp);
+
+		local_bh_disable();
+		local_lock_nested_bh(&rds_page_remainders.bh_lock);
+		rem = this_cpu_ptr(&rds_page_remainders);
+
+		if (!page) {
+			ret = -ENOMEM;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* did someone race to fill the remainder before us? */
+		if (rem->r_page) {
+			__free_page(page);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* otherwise install our page and loop around to alloc */
+		rem->r_page = page;
+		rem->r_offset = 0;
+	}
+
+	local_unlock_nested_bh(&rds_page_remainders.bh_lock);
+	local_bh_enable();
+out:
+	rdsdebug("bytes %lu ret %d %p %u %u\n", bytes, ret,
+		 ret ? NULL : sg_page(scat), ret ? 0 : scat->offset,
+		 ret ? 0 : scat->length);
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rds_page_remainder_alloc);
+
+void rds_page_exit(void)
+{
+	unsigned int cpu;
+
+	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
+		struct rds_page_remainder *rem;
+
+		rem = &per_cpu(rds_page_remainders, cpu);
+		rdsdebug("cpu %u\n", cpu);
+
+		if (rem->r_page)
+			__free_page(rem->r_page);
+		rem->r_page = NULL;
+	}
+}