x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructionsgrafted

When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function,
a crash can be triggered.

The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues()
function:

<__hrtimer_run_queues+249>:  nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
<__hrtimer_run_queues+254>:  mov    %r14,%rdi
<__hrtimer_run_queues+257>:  cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12>
<__hrtimer_run_queues+263>:  mov    %eax,%r12d
<__hrtimer_run_queues+266>:  xchg   %ax,%ax
<__hrtimer_run_queues+268>:  mov    %r13,%rdi

Which triggers this crash:

  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9
  #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode
  #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page
  PGD 0 P4D 0
  Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI
  CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P
  RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230

Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is
at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL
instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that
call instruction.

The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a
function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation.

During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction,
int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes
long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes,
so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU
returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at
the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally,
starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely
different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash.

Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from
the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return
address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro.

[ mingo: Refined the changelog ]

Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step")
Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jinke Han <jinkehan@didiglobal.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000

1 files changed, 488 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/net/ipv4/tcp_offload.c b/net/ipv4/tcp_offload.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e74d99ca9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/net/ipv4/tcp_offload.c
@@ -0,0 +1,488 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ *	IPV4 GSO/GRO offload support
+ *	Linux INET implementation
+ *
+ *	TCPv4 GSO/GRO support
+ */
+
+#include <linux/indirect_call_wrapper.h>
+#include <linux/skbuff.h>
+#include <net/gro.h>
+#include <net/gso.h>
+#include <net/tcp.h>
+#include <net/protocol.h>
+
+static void tcp_gso_tstamp(struct sk_buff *skb, struct sk_buff *gso_skb,
+			   unsigned int seq, unsigned int mss)
+{
+	u32 flags = skb_shinfo(gso_skb)->tx_flags & SKBTX_ANY_TSTAMP;
+	u32 ts_seq = skb_shinfo(gso_skb)->tskey;
+
+	while (skb) {
+		if (before(ts_seq, seq + mss)) {
+			skb_shinfo(skb)->tx_flags |= flags;
+			skb_shinfo(skb)->tskey = ts_seq;
+			return;
+		}
+
+		skb = skb->next;
+		seq += mss;
+	}
+}
+
+static void __tcpv4_gso_segment_csum(struct sk_buff *seg,
+				     __be32 *oldip, __be32 newip,
+				     __be16 *oldport, __be16 newport)
+{
+	struct tcphdr *th;
+	struct iphdr *iph;
+
+	if (*oldip == newip && *oldport == newport)
+		return;
+
+	th = tcp_hdr(seg);
+	iph = ip_hdr(seg);
+
+	inet_proto_csum_replace4(&th->check, seg, *oldip, newip, true);
+	inet_proto_csum_replace2(&th->check, seg, *oldport, newport, false);
+	*oldport = newport;
+
+	csum_replace4(&iph->check, *oldip, newip);
+	*oldip = newip;
+}
+
+static struct sk_buff *__tcpv4_gso_segment_list_csum(struct sk_buff *segs)
+{
+	const struct tcphdr *th;
+	const struct iphdr *iph;
+	struct sk_buff *seg;
+	struct tcphdr *th2;
+	struct iphdr *iph2;
+
+	seg = segs;
+	th = tcp_hdr(seg);
+	iph = ip_hdr(seg);
+	th2 = tcp_hdr(seg->next);
+	iph2 = ip_hdr(seg->next);
+
+	if (!(*(const u32 *)&th->source ^ *(const u32 *)&th2->source) &&
+	    iph->daddr == iph2->daddr && iph->saddr == iph2->saddr)
+		return segs;
+
+	while ((seg = seg->next)) {
+		th2 = tcp_hdr(seg);
+		iph2 = ip_hdr(seg);
+
+		__tcpv4_gso_segment_csum(seg,
+					 &iph2->saddr, iph->saddr,
+					 &th2->source, th->source);
+		__tcpv4_gso_segment_csum(seg,
+					 &iph2->daddr, iph->daddr,
+					 &th2->dest, th->dest);
+	}
+
+	return segs;
+}
+
+static struct sk_buff *__tcp4_gso_segment_list(struct sk_buff *skb,
+					      netdev_features_t features)
+{
+	skb = skb_segment_list(skb, features, skb_mac_header_len(skb));
+	if (IS_ERR(skb))
+		return skb;
+
+	return __tcpv4_gso_segment_list_csum(skb);
+}
+
+static struct sk_buff *tcp4_gso_segment(struct sk_buff *skb,
+					netdev_features_t features)
+{
+	if (!(skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type & SKB_GSO_TCPV4))
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+	if (!pskb_may_pull(skb, sizeof(struct tcphdr)))
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+	if (skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type & SKB_GSO_FRAGLIST) {
+		struct tcphdr *th = tcp_hdr(skb);
+
+		if ((skb_pagelen(skb) - th->doff * 4 == skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size) &&
+		    !(skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type & SKB_GSO_DODGY))
+			return __tcp4_gso_segment_list(skb, features);
+
+		skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_NONE;
+	}
+
+	if (unlikely(skb->ip_summed != CHECKSUM_PARTIAL)) {
+		const struct iphdr *iph = ip_hdr(skb);
+		struct tcphdr *th = tcp_hdr(skb);
+
+		/* Set up checksum pseudo header, usually expect stack to
+		 * have done this already.
+		 */
+
+		th->check = 0;
+		skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_PARTIAL;
+		__tcp_v4_send_check(skb, iph->saddr, iph->daddr);
+	}
+
+	return tcp_gso_segment(skb, features);
+}
+
+struct sk_buff *tcp_gso_segment(struct sk_buff *skb,
+				netdev_features_t features)
+{
+	struct sk_buff *segs = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+	unsigned int sum_truesize = 0;
+	struct tcphdr *th;
+	unsigned int thlen;
+	unsigned int seq;
+	unsigned int oldlen;
+	unsigned int mss;
+	struct sk_buff *gso_skb = skb;
+	__sum16 newcheck;
+	bool ooo_okay, copy_destructor;
+	bool ecn_cwr_mask;
+	__wsum delta;
+
+	th = tcp_hdr(skb);
+	thlen = th->doff * 4;
+	if (thlen < sizeof(*th))
+		goto out;
+
+	if (unlikely(skb_checksum_start(skb) != skb_transport_header(skb)))
+		goto out;
+
+	if (!pskb_may_pull(skb, thlen))
+		goto out;
+
+	oldlen = ~skb->len;
+	__skb_pull(skb, thlen);
+
+	mss = skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size;
+	if (unlikely(skb->len <= mss))
+		goto out;
+
+	if (skb_gso_ok(skb, features | NETIF_F_GSO_ROBUST)) {
+		/* Packet is from an untrusted source, reset gso_segs. */
+
+		skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_segs = DIV_ROUND_UP(skb->len, mss);
+
+		segs = NULL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	copy_destructor = gso_skb->destructor == tcp_wfree;
+	ooo_okay = gso_skb->ooo_okay;
+	/* All segments but the first should have ooo_okay cleared */
+	skb->ooo_okay = 0;
+
+	segs = skb_segment(skb, features);
+	if (IS_ERR(segs))
+		goto out;
+
+	/* Only first segment might have ooo_okay set */
+	segs->ooo_okay = ooo_okay;
+
+	/* GSO partial and frag_list segmentation only requires splitting
+	 * the frame into an MSS multiple and possibly a remainder, both
+	 * cases return a GSO skb. So update the mss now.
+	 */
+	if (skb_is_gso(segs))
+		mss *= skb_shinfo(segs)->gso_segs;
+
+	delta = (__force __wsum)htonl(oldlen + thlen + mss);
+
+	skb = segs;
+	th = tcp_hdr(skb);
+	seq = ntohl(th->seq);
+
+	if (unlikely(skb_shinfo(gso_skb)->tx_flags & SKBTX_ANY_TSTAMP))
+		tcp_gso_tstamp(segs, gso_skb, seq, mss);
+
+	newcheck = ~csum_fold(csum_add(csum_unfold(th->check), delta));
+
+	ecn_cwr_mask = !!(skb_shinfo(gso_skb)->gso_type & SKB_GSO_TCP_ACCECN);
+
+	while (skb->next) {
+		th->fin = th->psh = 0;
+		th->check = newcheck;
+
+		if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_PARTIAL)
+			gso_reset_checksum(skb, ~th->check);
+		else
+			th->check = gso_make_checksum(skb, ~th->check);
+
+		seq += mss;
+		if (copy_destructor) {
+			skb->destructor = gso_skb->destructor;
+			skb->sk = gso_skb->sk;
+			sum_truesize += skb->truesize;
+		}
+		skb = skb->next;
+		th = tcp_hdr(skb);
+
+		th->seq = htonl(seq);
+
+		th->cwr &= ecn_cwr_mask;
+	}
+
+	/* Following permits TCP Small Queues to work well with GSO :
+	 * The callback to TCP stack will be called at the time last frag
+	 * is freed at TX completion, and not right now when gso_skb
+	 * is freed by GSO engine
+	 */
+	if (copy_destructor) {
+		int delta;
+
+		swap(gso_skb->sk, skb->sk);
+		swap(gso_skb->destructor, skb->destructor);
+		sum_truesize += skb->truesize;
+		delta = sum_truesize - gso_skb->truesize;
+		/* In some pathological cases, delta can be negative.
+		 * We need to either use refcount_add() or refcount_sub_and_test()
+		 */
+		if (likely(delta >= 0))
+			refcount_add(delta, &skb->sk->sk_wmem_alloc);
+		else
+			WARN_ON_ONCE(refcount_sub_and_test(-delta, &skb->sk->sk_wmem_alloc));
+	}
+
+	delta = (__force __wsum)htonl(oldlen +
+				      (skb_tail_pointer(skb) -
+				       skb_transport_header(skb)) +
+				      skb->data_len);
+	th->check = ~csum_fold(csum_add(csum_unfold(th->check), delta));
+	if (skb->ip_summed == CHECKSUM_PARTIAL)
+		gso_reset_checksum(skb, ~th->check);
+	else
+		th->check = gso_make_checksum(skb, ~th->check);
+out:
+	return segs;
+}
+
+struct sk_buff *tcp_gro_lookup(struct list_head *head, struct tcphdr *th)
+{
+	struct tcphdr *th2;
+	struct sk_buff *p;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(p, head, list) {
+		if (!NAPI_GRO_CB(p)->same_flow)
+			continue;
+
+		th2 = tcp_hdr(p);
+		if (*(u32 *)&th->source ^ *(u32 *)&th2->source) {
+			NAPI_GRO_CB(p)->same_flow = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		return p;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+struct sk_buff *tcp_gro_receive(struct list_head *head, struct sk_buff *skb,
+				struct tcphdr *th)
+{
+	unsigned int thlen = th->doff * 4;
+	struct sk_buff *pp = NULL;
+	struct sk_buff *p;
+	struct tcphdr *th2;
+	unsigned int len;
+	__be32 flags;
+	unsigned int mss = 1;
+	int flush = 1;
+	int i;
+
+	len = skb_gro_len(skb);
+	flags = tcp_flag_word(th);
+
+	p = tcp_gro_lookup(head, th);
+	if (!p)
+		goto out_check_final;
+
+	th2 = tcp_hdr(p);
+	flush = (__force int)((flags ^ tcp_flag_word(th2)) &
+		  ~(TCP_FLAG_FIN | TCP_FLAG_PSH));
+	flush |= (__force int)(th->ack_seq ^ th2->ack_seq);
+	for (i = sizeof(*th); i < thlen; i += 4)
+		flush |= *(u32 *)((u8 *)th + i) ^
+			 *(u32 *)((u8 *)th2 + i);
+
+	flush |= gro_receive_network_flush(th, th2, p);
+
+	mss = skb_shinfo(p)->gso_size;
+
+	/* If skb is a GRO packet, make sure its gso_size matches prior packet mss.
+	 * If it is a single frame, do not aggregate it if its length
+	 * is bigger than our mss.
+	 */
+	if (unlikely(skb_is_gso(skb)))
+		flush |= (mss != skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size);
+	else
+		flush |= (len - 1) >= mss;
+
+	flush |= (ntohl(th2->seq) + skb_gro_len(p)) ^ ntohl(th->seq);
+	flush |= skb_cmp_decrypted(p, skb);
+
+	if (unlikely(NAPI_GRO_CB(p)->is_flist)) {
+		flush |= (__force int)(flags ^ tcp_flag_word(th2));
+		flush |= skb->ip_summed != p->ip_summed;
+		flush |= skb->csum_level != p->csum_level;
+		flush |= NAPI_GRO_CB(p)->count >= 64;
+		flush |= NAPI_GRO_CB(p)->is_flist != NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->is_flist;
+		skb_set_network_header(skb, skb_gro_receive_network_offset(skb));
+
+		if (flush || skb_gro_receive_list(p, skb))
+			mss = 1;
+
+		goto out_check_final;
+	}
+
+	if (flush || skb_gro_receive(p, skb)) {
+		mss = 1;
+		goto out_check_final;
+	}
+
+	tcp_flag_word(th2) |= flags & (TCP_FLAG_FIN | TCP_FLAG_PSH);
+
+out_check_final:
+	/* Force a flush if last segment is smaller than mss. */
+	if (unlikely(skb_is_gso(skb)))
+		flush = len != NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->count * skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size;
+	else
+		flush = len < mss;
+
+	flush |= (__force int)(flags & (TCP_FLAG_URG | TCP_FLAG_PSH |
+					TCP_FLAG_RST | TCP_FLAG_SYN |
+					TCP_FLAG_FIN));
+
+	if (p && (!NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->same_flow || flush))
+		pp = p;
+
+	NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->flush |= (flush != 0);
+
+	return pp;
+}
+
+void tcp_gro_complete(struct sk_buff *skb)
+{
+	struct tcphdr *th = tcp_hdr(skb);
+	struct skb_shared_info *shinfo;
+
+	if (skb->encapsulation)
+		skb->inner_transport_header = skb->transport_header;
+
+	skb->csum_start = (unsigned char *)th - skb->head;
+	skb->csum_offset = offsetof(struct tcphdr, check);
+	skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_PARTIAL;
+
+	shinfo = skb_shinfo(skb);
+	shinfo->gso_segs = NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->count;
+
+	if (th->cwr)
+		shinfo->gso_type |= SKB_GSO_TCP_ACCECN;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(tcp_gro_complete);
+
+static void tcp4_check_fraglist_gro(struct list_head *head, struct sk_buff *skb,
+				    struct tcphdr *th)
+{
+	const struct iphdr *iph;
+	struct sk_buff *p;
+	struct sock *sk;
+	struct net *net;
+	int iif, sdif;
+
+	p = tcp_gro_lookup(head, th);
+	if (p) {
+		/* flist GRO applies to consecutive non-GSO skbs */
+		if (!skb_is_gso(skb) || !NAPI_GRO_CB(p)->is_flist) {
+			NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->is_flist = NAPI_GRO_CB(p)->is_flist;
+			return;
+		}
+
+		/* Fall back to the regular GRO path */
+		if (NAPI_GRO_CB(p)->count == 1)
+			NAPI_GRO_CB(p)->is_flist = 0;
+
+		NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->is_flist = 0;
+
+		return;
+	}
+
+	inet_get_iif_sdif(skb, &iif, &sdif);
+	iph = skb_gro_network_header(skb);
+	net = dev_net_rcu(skb->dev);
+	sk = __inet_lookup_established(net, iph->saddr, th->source,
+				       iph->daddr, ntohs(th->dest),
+				       iif, sdif);
+	NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->is_flist = !sk && !skb_is_gso(skb);
+	if (sk)
+		sock_gen_put(sk);
+}
+
+INDIRECT_CALLABLE_SCOPE
+struct sk_buff *tcp4_gro_receive(struct list_head *head, struct sk_buff *skb)
+{
+	struct tcphdr *th;
+
+	/* Don't bother verifying checksum if we're going to flush anyway. */
+	if (!NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->flush &&
+	    skb_gro_checksum_validate(skb, IPPROTO_TCP,
+				      inet_gro_compute_pseudo))
+		goto flush;
+
+	th = tcp_gro_pull_header(skb);
+	if (!th)
+		goto flush;
+
+	if (unlikely(skb->dev->features & NETIF_F_GRO_FRAGLIST))
+		tcp4_check_fraglist_gro(head, skb, th);
+
+	return tcp_gro_receive(head, skb, th);
+
+flush:
+	NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->flush = 1;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+INDIRECT_CALLABLE_SCOPE int tcp4_gro_complete(struct sk_buff *skb, int thoff)
+{
+	const u16 offset = NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->network_offsets[skb->encapsulation];
+	const struct iphdr *iph = (struct iphdr *)(skb->data + offset);
+	struct tcphdr *th = tcp_hdr(skb);
+
+	if (unlikely(NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->is_flist)) {
+		skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type |= SKB_GSO_FRAGLIST | SKB_GSO_TCPV4;
+		skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_segs = NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->count;
+
+		__skb_incr_checksum_unnecessary(skb);
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	th->check = ~tcp_v4_check(skb->len - thoff, iph->saddr,
+				  iph->daddr, 0);
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(SKB_GSO_TCP_FIXEDID << 1 != SKB_GSO_TCP_FIXEDID_INNER);
+	skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_type |= SKB_GSO_TCPV4 |
+			(NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->ip_fixedid * SKB_GSO_TCP_FIXEDID);
+
+	tcp_gro_complete(skb);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int __init tcpv4_offload_init(void)
+{
+	net_hotdata.tcpv4_offload = (struct net_offload) {
+		.callbacks = {
+			.gso_segment	=	tcp4_gso_segment,
+			.gro_receive	=	tcp4_gro_receive,
+			.gro_complete	=	tcp4_gro_complete,
+		},
+	};
+	return inet_add_offload(&net_hotdata.tcpv4_offload, IPPROTO_TCP);
+}