Merge branches 'expcb.2026.07.24a', 'misc.2026.07.30a', 'rcu-tasks.2026.07.30a', 'srcu.2026.08.11a' and 'torture.2026.08.14a' into HEADgrafted

Changes:

Make expedited grace periods expedite normal RCU callbacks

Miscellaneous fixes:
 * Improve diagnostic output with character task states.
 * Mark accesses to inform KCSAN of concurrency design.
 * Move from kmalloc() to kmalloc_obj().
 * Documentation updates.
 * Improve handling of RCU deferred quiescent states.
 * Clean up unused function arguments and structure fields.
 * Reduce show_rcu_gp_kthreads() stack space.

Tasks RCU updates:
 * Clean up after SRCU re-implementation of Tasks Trace RCU.
 * Mark accesses to inform KCSAN of concurrency design.
 * Add ->lazy_timer status to diagnostic output.
 * Remove an unnecessary memory barrier.
 * Fix a data race, courtesy of KCSAN.
 * Documentation updates.
 * Convert cond_resched_tasks_rcu_qs() from macro to static inline
   function.

SRCU updates:
 * Add Rust helpers for SRCU.
 * Avoid losing queued work at cleanup_srcu_struct() time.

Torture-test updates:
 * Preparation work for immediate RCU priority deboosting.
 * Test RCU readers from real interrupt handlers (as opposed to softirq).
 * Simplify code through use of cpumask_next_wrap().
 * Improve diagnostic output with character task states.
 * Add rcutorture.nwriters parameter to allow lightweight stall testing,
   and rcutorture.stall_only to make doing so easier.
 * Test an RCU Tasks Trace grace period implying an RCU grace period.
 * Make RCU Tasks Trace torturing track reader batches.
 * Fix a data race, courtesy of KCSAN.
 * Plug a shuffle_tmp_mask memory leak on kthread spawn failure.

1 files changed, 106 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/net/ceph/armor.c b/net/ceph/armor.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0db806592
--- /dev/null
+++ b/net/ceph/armor.c
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+
+int ceph_armor(char *dst, const char *src, const char *end);
+int ceph_unarmor(char *dst, const char *src, const char *end);
+
+/*
+ * base64 encode/decode.
+ */
+
+static const char *pem_key =
+	"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
+
+static int encode_bits(int c)
+{
+	return pem_key[c];
+}
+
+static int decode_bits(char c)
+{
+	if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')
+		return c - 'A';
+	if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
+		return c - 'a' + 26;
+	if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
+		return c - '0' + 52;
+	if (c == '+')
+		return 62;
+	if (c == '/')
+		return 63;
+	if (c == '=')
+		return 0; /* just non-negative, please */
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+int ceph_armor(char *dst, const char *src, const char *end)
+{
+	int olen = 0;
+	int line = 0;
+
+	while (src < end) {
+		unsigned char a, b, c;
+
+		a = *src++;
+		*dst++ = encode_bits(a >> 2);
+		if (src < end) {
+			b = *src++;
+			*dst++ = encode_bits(((a & 3) << 4) | (b >> 4));
+			if (src < end) {
+				c = *src++;
+				*dst++ = encode_bits(((b & 15) << 2) |
+						     (c >> 6));
+				*dst++ = encode_bits(c & 63);
+			} else {
+				*dst++ = encode_bits((b & 15) << 2);
+				*dst++ = '=';
+			}
+		} else {
+			*dst++ = encode_bits(((a & 3) << 4));
+			*dst++ = '=';
+			*dst++ = '=';
+		}
+		olen += 4;
+		line += 4;
+		if (line == 64) {
+			line = 0;
+			*(dst++) = '\n';
+			olen++;
+		}
+	}
+	return olen;
+}
+
+int ceph_unarmor(char *dst, const char *src, const char *end)
+{
+	int olen = 0;
+
+	while (src < end) {
+		int a, b, c, d;
+
+		if (src[0] == '\n') {
+			src++;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (src + 4 > end)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		a = decode_bits(src[0]);
+		b = decode_bits(src[1]);
+		c = decode_bits(src[2]);
+		d = decode_bits(src[3]);
+		if (a < 0 || b < 0 || c < 0 || d < 0)
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		*dst++ = (a << 2) | (b >> 4);
+		if (src[2] == '=')
+			return olen + 1;
+		*dst++ = ((b & 15) << 4) | (c >> 2);
+		if (src[3] == '=')
+			return olen + 2;
+		*dst++ = ((c & 3) << 6) | d;
+		olen += 3;
+		src += 4;
+	}
+	return olen;
+}