sched_ext: Maintain an online cid mask in the scheduler arenagrafted

Schedulers on the default cid mapping treat [0, nr_online_cids) as the
online set and restart on hotplug. Schedulers that install their own mapping
with scx_bpf_cid_override() have no way to learn which cids are online: the
count no longer identifies members and the CPU-form cpumask is unusable from
cid programs. This is an obvious hole in the cid API.

Add scx_bpf_online_cmask(), a kernel-maintained cmask in the scheduler's
arena, allocated alongside the per-CPU scratch masks and populated after the
cid mapping is finalized and before ops.init(), for child schedulers too.
The pointer stays valid through ops.exit() with no reference to take. It is
the arena offset as a void pointer, the same form struct_ops arena arguments
arrive in. The verifier types the void return as a scalar for the program's
arena cast.

The mask follows the SCX hotplug notifications: seeded from cpu_active_mask
and updated before ops.cid_online/offline() runs, so it lags cpu_online_mask
only inside a hotplug transition. Updates walk the scheduler list under the
lock that also serializes unlinking. Reads are live, not atomic snapshots.
Root initialization excludes hotplug.

v2: Reworded the getter kerneldoc (Andrea Righi).

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Righi <arighi@nvidia.com>

1 files changed, 148 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/lib/percpu_test.c b/lib/percpu_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ce7124b16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/percpu_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+#include <linux/limits.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+
+/* validate @native and @pcp counter values match @expected */
+#define CHECK(native, pcp, expected)                                    \
+	do {                                                            \
+		WARN((native) != (expected),                            \
+		     "raw %ld (0x%lx) != expected %lld (0x%llx)",	\
+		     (native), (native),				\
+		     (long long)(expected), (long long)(expected));	\
+		WARN(__this_cpu_read(pcp) != (expected),                \
+		     "pcp %ld (0x%lx) != expected %lld (0x%llx)",	\
+		     __this_cpu_read(pcp), __this_cpu_read(pcp),	\
+		     (long long)(expected), (long long)(expected));	\
+	} while (0)
+
+static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long, long_counter);
+static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, ulong_counter);
+
+static int __init percpu_test_init(void)
+{
+	/*
+	 * volatile prevents compiler from optimizing it uses, otherwise the
+	 * +ul_one/-ul_one below would replace with inc/dec instructions.
+	 */
+	volatile unsigned int ui_one = 1;
+	unsigned long long ull = 0;
+	unsigned long ul = 0;
+	long l = 0;
+
+	pr_info("percpu test start\n");
+
+	preempt_disable();
+
+	l += -1;
+	__this_cpu_add(long_counter, -1);
+	CHECK(l, long_counter, -1);
+
+	l += 1;
+	__this_cpu_add(long_counter, 1);
+	CHECK(l, long_counter, 0);
+
+	ul = 0;
+	__this_cpu_write(ulong_counter, 0);
+
+	ul += 1UL;
+	__this_cpu_add(ulong_counter, 1UL);
+	CHECK(ul, ulong_counter, 1);
+
+	ul += -1UL;
+	__this_cpu_add(ulong_counter, -1UL);
+	CHECK(ul, ulong_counter, 0);
+
+	ul += -(unsigned long)1;
+	__this_cpu_add(ulong_counter, -(unsigned long)1);
+	CHECK(ul, ulong_counter, -1);
+
+	ul = 0;
+	__this_cpu_write(ulong_counter, 0);
+
+	ul -= 1;
+	__this_cpu_dec(ulong_counter);
+	CHECK(ul, ulong_counter, -1);
+	CHECK(ul, ulong_counter, ULONG_MAX);
+
+	l += -ui_one;
+	__this_cpu_add(long_counter, -ui_one);
+	CHECK(l, long_counter, 0xffffffff);
+
+	l += ui_one;
+	__this_cpu_add(long_counter, ui_one);
+	CHECK(l, long_counter, (long)0x100000000LL);
+
+
+	l = 0;
+	__this_cpu_write(long_counter, 0);
+
+	l -= ui_one;
+	__this_cpu_sub(long_counter, ui_one);
+	CHECK(l, long_counter, -1);
+
+	l = 0;
+	__this_cpu_write(long_counter, 0);
+
+	l += ui_one;
+	__this_cpu_add(long_counter, ui_one);
+	CHECK(l, long_counter, 1);
+
+	l += -ui_one;
+	__this_cpu_add(long_counter, -ui_one);
+	CHECK(l, long_counter, (long)0x100000000LL);
+
+	l = 0;
+	__this_cpu_write(long_counter, 0);
+
+	l -= ui_one;
+	this_cpu_sub(long_counter, ui_one);
+	CHECK(l, long_counter, -1);
+	CHECK(l, long_counter, ULONG_MAX);
+
+	ul = 0;
+	__this_cpu_write(ulong_counter, 0);
+
+	ul += ui_one;
+	__this_cpu_add(ulong_counter, ui_one);
+	CHECK(ul, ulong_counter, 1);
+
+	ul = 0;
+	__this_cpu_write(ulong_counter, 0);
+
+	ul -= ui_one;
+	__this_cpu_sub(ulong_counter, ui_one);
+	CHECK(ul, ulong_counter, -1);
+	CHECK(ul, ulong_counter, ULONG_MAX);
+
+	ul = ull = 0;
+	__this_cpu_write(ulong_counter, 0);
+
+	ul = ull += UINT_MAX;
+	__this_cpu_add(ulong_counter, ull);
+	CHECK(ul, ulong_counter, UINT_MAX);
+
+	ul = 3;
+	__this_cpu_write(ulong_counter, 3);
+
+	ul = this_cpu_sub_return(ulong_counter, ui_one);
+	CHECK(ul, ulong_counter, 2);
+
+	ul = __this_cpu_sub_return(ulong_counter, ui_one);
+	CHECK(ul, ulong_counter, 1);
+
+	preempt_enable();
+
+	pr_info("percpu test done\n");
+	return -EAGAIN;  /* Fail will directly unload the module */
+}
+
+static void __exit percpu_test_exit(void)
+{
+}
+
+module_init(percpu_test_init)
+module_exit(percpu_test_exit)
+
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Greg Thelen");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("percpu operations test");