x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructionsgrafted

When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function,
a crash can be triggered.

The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues()
function:

<__hrtimer_run_queues+249>:  nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
<__hrtimer_run_queues+254>:  mov    %r14,%rdi
<__hrtimer_run_queues+257>:  cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12>
<__hrtimer_run_queues+263>:  mov    %eax,%r12d
<__hrtimer_run_queues+266>:  xchg   %ax,%ax
<__hrtimer_run_queues+268>:  mov    %r13,%rdi

Which triggers this crash:

  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9
  #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode
  #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page
  PGD 0 P4D 0
  Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI
  CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P
  RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230

Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is
at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL
instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that
call instruction.

The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a
function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation.

During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction,
int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes
long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes,
so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU
returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at
the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally,
starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely
different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash.

Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from
the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return
address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro.

[ mingo: Refined the changelog ]

Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step")
Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jinke Han <jinkehan@didiglobal.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000

1 files changed, 224 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/lib/kunit/platform-test.c b/lib/kunit/platform-test.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e3debb8fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/kunit/platform-test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * KUnit test for KUnit platform driver infrastructure.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/platform_device.h>
+
+#include <kunit/platform_device.h>
+#include <kunit/test.h>
+
+/*
+ * Test that kunit_platform_device_alloc() creates a platform device.
+ */
+static void kunit_platform_device_alloc_test(struct kunit *test)
+{
+	KUNIT_EXPECT_NOT_ERR_OR_NULL(test,
+			kunit_platform_device_alloc(test, "kunit-platform", 1));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test that kunit_platform_device_add() registers a platform device on the
+ * platform bus with the proper name and id.
+ */
+static void kunit_platform_device_add_test(struct kunit *test)
+{
+	struct platform_device *pdev;
+	const char *name = "kunit-platform-add";
+	const int id = -1;
+
+	pdev = kunit_platform_device_alloc(test, name, id);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_NOT_ERR_OR_NULL(test, pdev);
+
+	KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, 0, kunit_platform_device_add(test, pdev));
+	KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE(test, dev_is_platform(&pdev->dev));
+	KUNIT_EXPECT_STREQ(test, pdev->name, name);
+	KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, pdev->id, id);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test that kunit_platform_device_add() called twice with the same device name
+ * and id fails the second time and properly cleans up.
+ */
+static void kunit_platform_device_add_twice_fails_test(struct kunit *test)
+{
+	struct platform_device *pdev;
+	const char *name = "kunit-platform-add-2";
+	const int id = -1;
+
+	pdev = kunit_platform_device_alloc(test, name, id);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_NOT_ERR_OR_NULL(test, pdev);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_EQ(test, 0, kunit_platform_device_add(test, pdev));
+
+	pdev = kunit_platform_device_alloc(test, name, id);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_NOT_ERR_OR_NULL(test, pdev);
+
+	KUNIT_EXPECT_NE(test, 0, kunit_platform_device_add(test, pdev));
+}
+
+static int kunit_platform_device_find_by_name(struct device *dev, const void *data)
+{
+	return strcmp(dev_name(dev), data) == 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test that kunit_platform_device_add() cleans up by removing the platform
+ * device when the test finishes. */
+static void kunit_platform_device_add_cleans_up(struct kunit *test)
+{
+	struct platform_device *pdev;
+	const char *name = "kunit-platform-clean";
+	const int id = -1;
+	struct kunit fake;
+	struct device *dev;
+
+	kunit_init_test(&fake, "kunit_platform_device_add_fake_test", NULL);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_EQ(test, fake.status, KUNIT_SUCCESS);
+
+	pdev = kunit_platform_device_alloc(&fake, name, id);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_NOT_ERR_OR_NULL(test, pdev);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_EQ(test, 0, kunit_platform_device_add(&fake, pdev));
+	dev = bus_find_device(&platform_bus_type, NULL, name,
+			      kunit_platform_device_find_by_name);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_NOT_ERR_OR_NULL(test, dev);
+	put_device(dev);
+
+	/* Remove pdev */
+	kunit_cleanup(&fake);
+
+	/*
+	 * Failing to migrate the kunit_resource would lead to an extra
+	 * put_device() call on the platform device. The best we can do here is
+	 * make sure the device no longer exists on the bus, but if something
+	 * is wrong we'll see a refcount underflow here. We can't test for a
+	 * refcount underflow because the kref matches the lifetime of the
+	 * device which should already be freed and could be used by something
+	 * else.
+	 */
+	dev = bus_find_device(&platform_bus_type, NULL, name,
+			      kunit_platform_device_find_by_name);
+	KUNIT_EXPECT_PTR_EQ(test, NULL, dev);
+	put_device(dev);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test suite for struct platform_device kunit APIs
+ */
+static struct kunit_case kunit_platform_device_test_cases[] = {
+	KUNIT_CASE(kunit_platform_device_alloc_test),
+	KUNIT_CASE(kunit_platform_device_add_test),
+	KUNIT_CASE(kunit_platform_device_add_twice_fails_test),
+	KUNIT_CASE(kunit_platform_device_add_cleans_up),
+	{}
+};
+
+static struct kunit_suite kunit_platform_device_suite = {
+	.name = "kunit_platform_device",
+	.test_cases = kunit_platform_device_test_cases,
+};
+
+struct kunit_platform_driver_test_context {
+	struct platform_driver pdrv;
+	const char *data;
+};
+
+static const char * const test_data = "test data";
+
+static inline struct kunit_platform_driver_test_context *
+to_test_context(struct platform_device *pdev)
+{
+	return container_of(to_platform_driver(pdev->dev.driver),
+			    struct kunit_platform_driver_test_context,
+			    pdrv);
+}
+
+static int kunit_platform_driver_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
+{
+	struct kunit_platform_driver_test_context *ctx;
+
+	ctx = to_test_context(pdev);
+	ctx->data = test_data;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Test that kunit_platform_driver_register() registers a driver that probes. */
+static void kunit_platform_driver_register_test(struct kunit *test)
+{
+	struct platform_device *pdev;
+	struct kunit_platform_driver_test_context *ctx;
+	DECLARE_COMPLETION_ONSTACK(comp);
+	const char *name = "kunit-platform-register";
+
+	ctx = kunit_kzalloc(test, sizeof(*ctx), GFP_KERNEL);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_NOT_ERR_OR_NULL(test, ctx);
+
+	pdev = kunit_platform_device_alloc(test, name, -1);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_NOT_ERR_OR_NULL(test, pdev);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_EQ(test, 0, kunit_platform_device_add(test, pdev));
+
+	ctx->pdrv.probe = kunit_platform_driver_probe;
+	ctx->pdrv.driver.name = name;
+	ctx->pdrv.driver.owner = THIS_MODULE;
+
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_EQ(test, 0, kunit_platform_device_prepare_wait_for_probe(test, pdev, &comp));
+
+	KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, 0, kunit_platform_driver_register(test, &ctx->pdrv));
+	KUNIT_EXPECT_NE(test, 0, wait_for_completion_timeout(&comp, 3 * HZ));
+	KUNIT_EXPECT_STREQ(test, ctx->data, test_data);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test that kunit_platform_device_prepare_wait_for_probe() completes the completion
+ * when the device is already probed.
+ */
+static void kunit_platform_device_prepare_wait_for_probe_completes_when_already_probed(struct kunit *test)
+{
+	struct platform_device *pdev;
+	struct kunit_platform_driver_test_context *ctx;
+	DECLARE_COMPLETION_ONSTACK(comp);
+	const char *name = "kunit-platform-wait";
+
+	ctx = kunit_kzalloc(test, sizeof(*ctx), GFP_KERNEL);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_NOT_ERR_OR_NULL(test, ctx);
+
+	pdev = kunit_platform_device_alloc(test, name, -1);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_NOT_ERR_OR_NULL(test, pdev);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_EQ(test, 0, kunit_platform_device_add(test, pdev));
+
+	ctx->pdrv.probe = kunit_platform_driver_probe;
+	ctx->pdrv.driver.name = name;
+	ctx->pdrv.driver.owner = THIS_MODULE;
+
+	/* Make sure driver has actually probed */
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_EQ(test, 0, kunit_platform_device_prepare_wait_for_probe(test, pdev, &comp));
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_EQ(test, 0, kunit_platform_driver_register(test, &ctx->pdrv));
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_NE(test, 0, wait_for_completion_timeout(&comp, 3 * HZ));
+
+	reinit_completion(&comp);
+	KUNIT_ASSERT_EQ(test, 0, kunit_platform_device_prepare_wait_for_probe(test, pdev, &comp));
+
+	KUNIT_EXPECT_NE(test, 0, wait_for_completion_timeout(&comp, HZ));
+}
+
+static struct kunit_case kunit_platform_driver_test_cases[] = {
+	KUNIT_CASE(kunit_platform_driver_register_test),
+	KUNIT_CASE(kunit_platform_device_prepare_wait_for_probe_completes_when_already_probed),
+	{}
+};
+
+/*
+ * Test suite for struct platform_driver kunit APIs
+ */
+static struct kunit_suite kunit_platform_driver_suite = {
+	.name = "kunit_platform_driver",
+	.test_cases = kunit_platform_driver_test_cases,
+};
+
+kunit_test_suites(
+	&kunit_platform_device_suite,
+	&kunit_platform_driver_suite,
+);
+
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("KUnit test for KUnit platform driver infrastructure");