Merge tag 'trace-v7.3-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/trace/linux-tracegrafted

Pull tracing fixes from Steven Rostedt:

 - Fix error output of boot instance creation failure

   Currently if a boot instance creation fails, instead of printing out
   the name of the instance that failed, it prints "(null)". That is
   because it prints "cur_str" that had already been processed by
   strsep(). Print the saved name instead.

   While at it, print the error code of the failure.

 - Fix use-after-free for same named historgrams

   Histograms can be named so that they can be used in multiple events.
   But if the named histogram has a variable attached, the second event
   that uses the named histogram which duplicates it and needs to free
   the original after duplication leaves the old variable in place and
   still visible. If another histogram uses than variable, it will use
   the stale one which will try to reference the freed duplicate
   histogram and crash the kernel.

   Free the duplicate variables along with the duplicated histogram
   data.

 - Check return value of kthread_run() in event self test

   The events self tests uses a kthread for testing but does not check
   if it succeeded in creating a kthread. If the kthread creation were
   to fail, the code will still try to call kthread_stop() on the error
   returned.

 - Fix race between reading trace_pipe and updating subbuffer size

   If a user is reading the trace_pipe file at the same time they update
   the ring buffer sub-buffer size, can cause the trace_pipe read to
   read stale data. Add trace_access_lock() around updating the ring
   buffer sub-buffer size.

 - Fix eventfs_inode on failure path in creation of the events directory

   In the creation of the "events" directory, if after allocating the
   eventfs_inode a failure is detected, it calls cleanup_ei() which
   calls free_ei(). The free_ei() will test if eventfs_inode being freed
   has no children. It is a bug if it does. But on the failure case of
   the creation of the "events" directory, the children lists have not
   yet been initialized and the free will trigger a warning because
   list_empty() on an uninitialized list returns false.

   Move the initialization into init_ei() where it makes more sense and
   makes sure that a created eventfs_inode has its lists initialized
   upon creation.

 - Check return value of kthread_run() in ftrace direct sample code

   The sample code that shows how to use the ftrace direct calls does
   not test the return of kthread_run() to see if it succeeds. Return a
   failure if the kthread_run() doesn't succeed.

 - Clear user events state on fork in case of alloc failure

   On fork, the child gets a pointer to the parent's user events state.
   It makes a copy of it then updates the child's pointer to it. But if
   the allocation fails, the duplication function leaves the child with
   a pointer to its parent's descriptor. When the child cleans up its
   data, it will free the parent's descriptor while the parent is still
   using it.

   In the duplication function, set the child's user_event_mm to NULL
   before testing if the allocation succeeded, and when it exits it will
   not free the parent's descriptor.

 - Fix retry exhaustion in simple ring buffer reader swap

   simple_ring_buffer_swap_reader_page() starts with retry set to 8 and
   post-decrements it only after a failed link replacement. On the final
   attempt, a successful replacement leaves retry at zero, while a
   failed replacement leaves it at -1.

   But the check for success expects the retry value to be non-zero and
   exits with an error on zero. This is the opposite result. Fix it.

 - Fail nicely when the remote swap_reader_page() returns an error

   Currently, if the swap_reader_page() of a remote buffer fails, it
   triggers a WARN_ON_ONCE() and continues normally. Instead, have it
   exit with an error and a pr_warn() print instead of a full WARNING.

* tag 'trace-v7.3-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/trace/linux-trace:
  ring-buffer: Stop remote reader update when page swap fails
  tracing: Fix retry exhaustion in simple ring buffer reader swap
  tracing/user_events: Clear copied tracing state before fork duplication
  samples/ftrace: Fix kthread_stop() on ERR_PTR in ftrace-direct-multi-modify
  samples/ftrace: Fix kthread_stop() on ERR_PTR in ftrace-direct-modify
  eventfs: Initialize ei->children and ei->list in init_ei()
  tracing: Fix use-after-free in trace_pipe read on sub-buffer order change
  tracing: Fix crash passing ERR_PTR to kthread_stop()
  tracing: Fix use-after-free with same-name named triggers
  tracing: Fix logged instance name on creation failure

1 files changed, 114 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/include/net/dropreason-qdisc.h b/include/net/dropreason-qdisc.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fb151cd31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/net/dropreason-qdisc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
+
+#ifndef _LINUX_DROPREASON_QDISC_H
+#define _LINUX_DROPREASON_QDISC_H
+#include <net/dropreason.h>
+
+#define DEFINE_QDISC_DROP_REASON(FN, FNe)	\
+	FN(UNSPEC)			\
+	FN(GENERIC)			\
+	FN(OVERLIMIT)			\
+	FN(CONGESTED)			\
+	FN(MAXFLOWS)			\
+	FN(FLOOD_PROTECTION)		\
+	FN(BAND_LIMIT)		\
+	FN(HORIZON_LIMIT)		\
+	FN(FLOW_LIMIT)			\
+	FN(L4S_STEP_NON_ECN)		\
+	FNe(MAX)
+
+#undef FN
+#undef FNe
+#define FN(reason)	QDISC_DROP_##reason,
+#define FNe(reason)	QDISC_DROP_##reason
+
+/**
+ * enum qdisc_drop_reason - reason why a qdisc dropped a packet
+ *
+ * Qdisc-specific drop reasons for packet drops that occur within the
+ * traffic control (TC) queueing discipline layer. These reasons provide
+ * detailed diagnostics about why packets were dropped by various qdisc
+ * algorithms, enabling fine-grained monitoring and troubleshooting of
+ * queue behavior.
+ */
+enum qdisc_drop_reason {
+	/**
+	 * @QDISC_DROP_UNSPEC: unspecified/invalid qdisc drop reason.
+	 * Value 0 serves as analogous to SKB_NOT_DROPPED_YET for enum skb_drop_reason.
+	 * Used for catching zero-initialized drop_reason fields.
+	 */
+	QDISC_DROP_UNSPEC = 0,
+	/**
+	 * @__QDISC_DROP_REASON: subsystem base value for qdisc drop reasons
+	 */
+	__QDISC_DROP_REASON = SKB_DROP_REASON_SUBSYS_QDISC <<
+				SKB_DROP_REASON_SUBSYS_SHIFT,
+	/**
+	 * @QDISC_DROP_GENERIC: generic/default qdisc drop, used when no
+	 * more specific reason applies
+	 */
+	QDISC_DROP_GENERIC,
+	/**
+	 * @QDISC_DROP_OVERLIMIT: packet dropped because the qdisc queue
+	 * length exceeded its configured limit (sch->limit). This typically
+	 * indicates the queue is full and cannot accept more packets.
+	 */
+	QDISC_DROP_OVERLIMIT,
+	/**
+	 * @QDISC_DROP_CONGESTED: packet dropped due to active congestion
+	 * control algorithms (e.g., CoDel, PIE, RED) detecting network
+	 * congestion. The qdisc proactively dropped the packet to signal
+	 * congestion to the sender and prevent bufferbloat.
+	 */
+	QDISC_DROP_CONGESTED,
+	/**
+	 * @QDISC_DROP_MAXFLOWS: packet dropped because the qdisc's flow
+	 * tracking table is full and no free slots are available to allocate
+	 * for a new flow. This indicates flow table exhaustion in flow-based
+	 * qdiscs that maintain per-flow state (e.g., SFQ).
+	 */
+	QDISC_DROP_MAXFLOWS,
+	/**
+	 * @QDISC_DROP_FLOOD_PROTECTION: packet dropped by flood protection
+	 * mechanism detecting unresponsive flows (potential DoS/flood).
+	 * Used by qdiscs implementing probabilistic drop algorithms like
+	 * BLUE (e.g., CAKE's Cobalt AQM).
+	 */
+	QDISC_DROP_FLOOD_PROTECTION,
+	/**
+	 * @QDISC_DROP_BAND_LIMIT: packet dropped because the priority band's
+	 * limit was reached. Used by qdiscs with priority bands that have
+	 * per-band packet limits (e.g., FQ).
+	 */
+	QDISC_DROP_BAND_LIMIT,
+	/**
+	 * @QDISC_DROP_HORIZON_LIMIT: packet dropped because its timestamp
+	 * is too far in the future (beyond the configured horizon).
+	 * Used by qdiscs with time-based scheduling (e.g., FQ).
+	 */
+	QDISC_DROP_HORIZON_LIMIT,
+	/**
+	 * @QDISC_DROP_FLOW_LIMIT: packet dropped because an individual flow
+	 * exceeded its per-flow packet/depth limit. Used by FQ and SFQ qdiscs
+	 * to enforce per-flow fairness and prevent a single flow from
+	 * monopolizing queue resources.
+	 */
+	QDISC_DROP_FLOW_LIMIT,
+	/**
+	 * @QDISC_DROP_L4S_STEP_NON_ECN: DualPI2 qdisc dropped a non-ECN-capable
+	 * packet because the L4S queue delay exceeded the step threshold.
+	 * Since the packet cannot be ECN-marked, it must be dropped to signal
+	 * congestion. See RFC 9332 for the DualQ Coupled AQM step mechanism.
+	 */
+	QDISC_DROP_L4S_STEP_NON_ECN,
+	/**
+	 * @QDISC_DROP_MAX: the maximum of qdisc drop reasons, which
+	 * shouldn't be used as a real 'reason' - only for tracing code gen
+	 */
+	QDISC_DROP_MAX,
+};
+
+#undef FN
+#undef FNe
+
+#endif