treewide: refresh kmalloc_obj() conversionsgrafted

This is another run of the Coccinelle script for converting kmalloc()
family of allocations to kmalloc_obj() via the existing rules in
scripts/coccinelle/api/kmalloc_objs.cocci

This catches both the set of kmalloc() uses added since the first
kmalloc_obj() conversions in v7.0 and adds a large group missed in the
first pass due to Coccinelle not interacting well with the cleanup.h
scoped_...() family of macros[1]. I worked around this with spatch's
"--macro-file" argument to a file with all the scoped_...() macros mapped
to Coccinelle's YACFE_ITERATOR[2] as that was the closest viable control
flow indicator I could find.

Build tested allmodconfig on x86, arm64, arm, loongarch, mips, powerpc,
riscv, and s390 with no new warnings.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/202609021314.8A9C0B8@keescook/ [1]
Link: https://github.com/coccinelle/coccinelle/blob/master/standard.h [2]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees+treewide@kernel.org>

1 files changed, 2306 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/fs/f2fs/checkpoint.c b/fs/f2fs/checkpoint.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4b59f30ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/f2fs/checkpoint.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2306 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * fs/f2fs/checkpoint.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2012 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
+ *             http://www.samsung.com/
+ */
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/bio.h>
+#include <linux/mpage.h>
+#include <linux/writeback.h>
+#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+#include <linux/f2fs_fs.h>
+#include <linux/folio_batch.h>
+#include <linux/swap.h>
+#include <linux/kthread.h>
+#include <linux/delayacct.h>
+#include <linux/ioprio.h>
+#include <linux/math64.h>
+
+#include "f2fs.h"
+#include "node.h"
+#include "segment.h"
+#include "iostat.h"
+#include <trace/events/f2fs.h>
+
+static inline void get_lock_elapsed_time(struct f2fs_time_stat *ts)
+{
+	ts->total_time = ktime_get();
+#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
+	ts->running_time = current->se.sum_exec_runtime;
+#endif
+#if defined(CONFIG_SCHED_INFO) && defined(CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS)
+	ts->runnable_time = current->sched_info.run_delay;
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_TASK_DELAY_ACCT
+	if (current->delays)
+		ts->io_sleep_time = current->delays->blkio_delay;
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline void trace_lock_elapsed_time_start(struct f2fs_rwsem *sem,
+						struct f2fs_lock_context *lc)
+{
+	lc->lock_trace = trace_f2fs_lock_elapsed_time_enabled();
+	if (!lc->lock_trace)
+		return;
+
+	get_lock_elapsed_time(&lc->ts);
+}
+
+static inline void trace_lock_elapsed_time_end(struct f2fs_rwsem *sem,
+				struct f2fs_lock_context *lc, bool is_write)
+{
+	struct f2fs_time_stat tts;
+	unsigned long long total_time;
+	unsigned long long running_time = 0;
+	unsigned long long runnable_time = 0;
+	unsigned long long io_sleep_time = 0;
+	unsigned long long other_time = 0;
+	unsigned npm = NSEC_PER_MSEC;
+
+	if (!lc->lock_trace)
+		return;
+
+	if (time_to_inject(sem->sbi, FAULT_LOCK_TIMEOUT))
+		f2fs_schedule_timeout_killable(DEFAULT_FAULT_TIMEOUT, true);
+
+	get_lock_elapsed_time(&tts);
+
+	total_time = div_u64(tts.total_time - lc->ts.total_time, npm);
+	if (total_time <= sem->sbi->max_lock_elapsed_time)
+		return;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
+	running_time = div_u64(tts.running_time - lc->ts.running_time, npm);
+#endif
+#if defined(CONFIG_SCHED_INFO) && defined(CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS)
+	runnable_time = div_u64(tts.runnable_time - lc->ts.runnable_time, npm);
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_TASK_DELAY_ACCT
+	io_sleep_time = div_u64(tts.io_sleep_time - lc->ts.io_sleep_time, npm);
+#endif
+	if (total_time > running_time + io_sleep_time + runnable_time)
+		other_time = total_time - running_time -
+				io_sleep_time - runnable_time;
+
+	trace_f2fs_lock_elapsed_time(sem->sbi, sem->name, is_write, current,
+			get_current_ioprio(), total_time, running_time,
+			runnable_time, io_sleep_time, other_time);
+}
+
+static bool need_uplift_priority(struct f2fs_rwsem *sem, bool is_write)
+{
+	if (!(sem->sbi->adjust_lock_priority & BIT(sem->name - 1)))
+		return false;
+
+	switch (sem->name) {
+	/*
+	 * writer is checkpoint which has high priority, let's just uplift
+	 * priority for reader
+	 */
+	case LOCK_NAME_CP_RWSEM:
+	case LOCK_NAME_NODE_CHANGE:
+	case LOCK_NAME_NODE_WRITE:
+		return !is_write;
+	case LOCK_NAME_GC_LOCK:
+	case LOCK_NAME_CP_GLOBAL:
+	case LOCK_NAME_IO_RWSEM:
+	case LOCK_NAME_NAT_TREE_LOCK:
+		return true;
+	default:
+		f2fs_bug_on(sem->sbi, 1);
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+static void uplift_priority(struct f2fs_rwsem *sem, struct f2fs_lock_context *lc,
+						bool is_write)
+{
+	lc->need_restore = false;
+	if (!sem->sbi->adjust_lock_priority)
+		return;
+	if (rt_task(current))
+		return;
+	if (!need_uplift_priority(sem, is_write))
+		return;
+	lc->orig_nice = task_nice(current);
+	lc->new_nice = PRIO_TO_NICE(sem->sbi->lock_duration_priority);
+	if (lc->orig_nice <= lc->new_nice)
+		return;
+	set_user_nice(current, lc->new_nice);
+	lc->need_restore = true;
+
+	trace_f2fs_priority_uplift(sem->sbi, sem->name, is_write, current,
+		NICE_TO_PRIO(lc->orig_nice), NICE_TO_PRIO(lc->new_nice));
+}
+
+static void restore_priority(struct f2fs_rwsem *sem, struct f2fs_lock_context *lc,
+						bool is_write)
+{
+	if (!lc->need_restore)
+		return;
+	/* someone has updated the priority */
+	if (task_nice(current) != lc->new_nice)
+		return;
+	set_user_nice(current, lc->orig_nice);
+
+	trace_f2fs_priority_restore(sem->sbi, sem->name, is_write, current,
+		NICE_TO_PRIO(lc->orig_nice), NICE_TO_PRIO(lc->new_nice));
+}
+
+void f2fs_down_read_trace(struct f2fs_rwsem *sem, struct f2fs_lock_context *lc)
+{
+	uplift_priority(sem, lc, false);
+	f2fs_down_read(sem);
+	trace_lock_elapsed_time_start(sem, lc);
+}
+
+int f2fs_down_read_trylock_trace(struct f2fs_rwsem *sem, struct f2fs_lock_context *lc)
+{
+	uplift_priority(sem, lc, false);
+	if (!f2fs_down_read_trylock(sem)) {
+		restore_priority(sem, lc, false);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	trace_lock_elapsed_time_start(sem, lc);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+void f2fs_up_read_trace(struct f2fs_rwsem *sem, struct f2fs_lock_context *lc)
+{
+	f2fs_up_read(sem);
+	restore_priority(sem, lc, false);
+	trace_lock_elapsed_time_end(sem, lc, false);
+}
+
+void f2fs_down_write_trace(struct f2fs_rwsem *sem, struct f2fs_lock_context *lc)
+{
+	uplift_priority(sem, lc, true);
+	f2fs_down_write(sem);
+	trace_lock_elapsed_time_start(sem, lc);
+}
+
+int f2fs_down_write_trylock_trace(struct f2fs_rwsem *sem, struct f2fs_lock_context *lc)
+{
+	uplift_priority(sem, lc, true);
+	if (!f2fs_down_write_trylock(sem)) {
+		restore_priority(sem, lc, true);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	trace_lock_elapsed_time_start(sem, lc);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+void f2fs_up_write_trace(struct f2fs_rwsem *sem, struct f2fs_lock_context *lc)
+{
+	f2fs_up_write(sem);
+	restore_priority(sem, lc, true);
+	trace_lock_elapsed_time_end(sem, lc, true);
+}
+
+void f2fs_lock_op(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct f2fs_lock_context *lc)
+{
+	f2fs_down_read_trace(&sbi->cp_rwsem, lc);
+}
+
+int f2fs_trylock_op(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct f2fs_lock_context *lc)
+{
+	if (time_to_inject(sbi, FAULT_LOCK_OP))
+		return 0;
+
+	return f2fs_down_read_trylock_trace(&sbi->cp_rwsem, lc);
+}
+
+void f2fs_unlock_op(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct f2fs_lock_context *lc)
+{
+	f2fs_up_read_trace(&sbi->cp_rwsem, lc);
+}
+
+static inline void f2fs_lock_all(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	f2fs_down_write(&sbi->cp_rwsem);
+}
+
+static inline void f2fs_unlock_all(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	f2fs_up_write(&sbi->cp_rwsem);
+}
+
+#define DEFAULT_CHECKPOINT_IOPRIO (IOPRIO_PRIO_VALUE(IOPRIO_CLASS_RT, 3))
+
+static struct kmem_cache *ino_entry_slab;
+struct kmem_cache *f2fs_inode_entry_slab;
+
+/*
+ * We guarantee no failure on the returned page.
+ */
+struct folio *f2fs_grab_meta_folio(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, pgoff_t index)
+{
+	struct address_space *mapping = META_MAPPING(sbi);
+	struct folio *folio;
+repeat:
+	folio = f2fs_grab_cache_folio(mapping, index, false);
+	if (IS_ERR(folio)) {
+		cond_resched();
+		goto repeat;
+	}
+	f2fs_folio_wait_writeback(folio, META, true, true);
+	if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio))
+		folio_mark_uptodate(folio);
+	return folio;
+}
+
+static struct folio *__get_meta_folio(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, pgoff_t index,
+							bool is_meta)
+{
+	struct address_space *mapping = META_MAPPING(sbi);
+	struct folio *folio;
+	struct f2fs_io_info fio = {
+		.sbi = sbi,
+		.type = META,
+		.op = REQ_OP_READ,
+		.op_flags = REQ_META | REQ_PRIO,
+		.old_blkaddr = index,
+		.new_blkaddr = index,
+		.encrypted_page = NULL,
+		.is_por = !is_meta ? 1 : 0,
+	};
+	int err;
+
+	if (unlikely(!is_meta))
+		fio.op_flags &= ~REQ_META;
+repeat:
+	folio = f2fs_grab_cache_folio(mapping, index, false);
+	if (IS_ERR(folio)) {
+		cond_resched();
+		goto repeat;
+	}
+	if (folio_test_uptodate(folio))
+		goto out;
+
+	fio.folio = folio;
+
+	err = f2fs_submit_page_bio(&fio);
+	if (err) {
+		f2fs_folio_put(folio, true);
+		return ERR_PTR(err);
+	}
+
+	f2fs_update_iostat(sbi, NULL, FS_META_READ_IO, F2FS_BLKSIZE);
+
+	folio_lock(folio);
+	if (unlikely(!is_meta_folio(folio))) {
+		f2fs_folio_put(folio, true);
+		goto repeat;
+	}
+
+	if (unlikely(!folio_test_uptodate(folio))) {
+		f2fs_handle_page_eio(sbi, folio, META);
+		f2fs_folio_put(folio, true);
+		return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
+	}
+out:
+	return folio;
+}
+
+struct folio *f2fs_get_meta_folio(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, pgoff_t index)
+{
+	return __get_meta_folio(sbi, index, true);
+}
+
+struct folio *f2fs_get_meta_folio_retry(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, pgoff_t index)
+{
+	struct folio *folio;
+	int count = 0;
+
+retry:
+	folio = __get_meta_folio(sbi, index, true);
+	if (IS_ERR(folio)) {
+		if (PTR_ERR(folio) == -EIO &&
+				++count <= DEFAULT_RETRY_IO_COUNT)
+			goto retry;
+		f2fs_stop_checkpoint(sbi, false, STOP_CP_REASON_META_PAGE);
+	}
+	return folio;
+}
+
+/* for POR only */
+struct folio *f2fs_get_tmp_folio(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, pgoff_t index)
+{
+	return __get_meta_folio(sbi, index, false);
+}
+
+static bool __is_bitmap_valid(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, block_t blkaddr,
+							int type)
+{
+	struct seg_entry *se;
+	unsigned int segno, offset;
+	bool exist;
+
+	if (type == DATA_GENERIC)
+		return true;
+
+	segno = GET_SEGNO(sbi, blkaddr);
+	offset = GET_BLKOFF_FROM_SEG0(sbi, blkaddr);
+	se = get_seg_entry(sbi, segno);
+
+	exist = f2fs_test_bit(offset, se->cur_valid_map);
+
+	/* skip data, if we already have an error in checkpoint. */
+	if (unlikely(f2fs_cp_error(sbi)))
+		return exist;
+
+	if ((exist && type == DATA_GENERIC_ENHANCE_UPDATE) ||
+		(!exist && type == DATA_GENERIC_ENHANCE))
+		goto out_err;
+	if (!exist && type != DATA_GENERIC_ENHANCE_UPDATE)
+		goto out_handle;
+	return exist;
+
+out_err:
+	f2fs_err(sbi, "Inconsistent error blkaddr:%u, sit bitmap:%d",
+		 blkaddr, exist);
+	set_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_NEED_FSCK);
+	dump_stack();
+out_handle:
+	f2fs_handle_error(sbi, ERROR_INVALID_BLKADDR);
+	return exist;
+}
+
+static bool __f2fs_is_valid_blkaddr(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+					block_t blkaddr, int type)
+{
+	switch (type) {
+	case META_NAT:
+		break;
+	case META_SIT:
+		if (unlikely(blkaddr >= SIT_BLK_CNT(sbi)))
+			goto check_only;
+		break;
+	case META_SSA:
+		if (unlikely(blkaddr >= MAIN_BLKADDR(sbi) ||
+			blkaddr < SM_I(sbi)->ssa_blkaddr))
+			goto check_only;
+		break;
+	case META_CP:
+		if (unlikely(blkaddr >= SIT_I(sbi)->sit_base_addr ||
+			blkaddr < __start_cp_addr(sbi)))
+			goto check_only;
+		break;
+	case META_POR:
+		if (unlikely(blkaddr >= MAX_BLKADDR(sbi) ||
+			blkaddr < MAIN_BLKADDR(sbi)))
+			goto check_only;
+		break;
+	case DATA_GENERIC:
+	case DATA_GENERIC_ENHANCE:
+	case DATA_GENERIC_ENHANCE_READ:
+	case DATA_GENERIC_ENHANCE_UPDATE:
+		if (unlikely(blkaddr >= MAX_BLKADDR(sbi) ||
+				blkaddr < MAIN_BLKADDR(sbi))) {
+
+			/* Skip to emit an error message. */
+			if (unlikely(f2fs_cp_error(sbi)))
+				return false;
+
+			f2fs_warn(sbi, "access invalid blkaddr:%u",
+				  blkaddr);
+			set_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_NEED_FSCK);
+			dump_stack();
+			goto err;
+		} else {
+			return __is_bitmap_valid(sbi, blkaddr, type);
+		}
+		break;
+	case META_GENERIC:
+		if (unlikely(blkaddr < SEG0_BLKADDR(sbi) ||
+			blkaddr >= MAIN_BLKADDR(sbi)))
+			goto err;
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG();
+	}
+
+	return true;
+err:
+	f2fs_handle_error(sbi, ERROR_INVALID_BLKADDR);
+check_only:
+	return false;
+}
+
+bool f2fs_is_valid_blkaddr(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+					block_t blkaddr, int type)
+{
+	if (time_to_inject(sbi, FAULT_BLKADDR_VALIDITY))
+		return false;
+	return __f2fs_is_valid_blkaddr(sbi, blkaddr, type);
+}
+
+bool f2fs_is_valid_blkaddr_raw(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+					block_t blkaddr, int type)
+{
+	return __f2fs_is_valid_blkaddr(sbi, blkaddr, type);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Readahead CP/NAT/SIT/SSA/POR pages
+ */
+int f2fs_ra_meta_pages(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, block_t start, int nrpages,
+							int type, bool sync)
+{
+	block_t blkno = start;
+	struct f2fs_io_info fio = {
+		.sbi = sbi,
+		.type = META,
+		.op = REQ_OP_READ,
+		.op_flags = sync ? (REQ_META | REQ_PRIO) : REQ_RAHEAD,
+		.encrypted_page = NULL,
+		.in_list = 0,
+		.is_por = (type == META_POR) ? 1 : 0,
+	};
+	struct blk_plug plug;
+	int err;
+
+	if (unlikely(type == META_POR))
+		fio.op_flags &= ~REQ_META;
+
+	blk_start_plug(&plug);
+	for (; nrpages-- > 0; blkno++) {
+		struct folio *folio;
+
+		if (!f2fs_is_valid_blkaddr(sbi, blkno, type))
+			goto out;
+
+		switch (type) {
+		case META_NAT:
+			if (unlikely(blkno >=
+					NAT_BLOCK_OFFSET(NM_I(sbi)->max_nid)))
+				blkno = 0;
+			/* get nat block addr */
+			fio.new_blkaddr = current_nat_addr(sbi,
+					blkno * NAT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK);
+			break;
+		case META_SIT:
+			if (unlikely(blkno >= TOTAL_SEGS(sbi)))
+				goto out;
+			/* get sit block addr */
+			fio.new_blkaddr = current_sit_addr(sbi,
+					blkno * SIT_ENTRY_PER_BLOCK);
+			break;
+		case META_SSA:
+		case META_CP:
+		case META_POR:
+			fio.new_blkaddr = blkno;
+			break;
+		default:
+			BUG();
+		}
+
+		folio = f2fs_grab_cache_folio(META_MAPPING(sbi),
+						fio.new_blkaddr, false);
+		if (IS_ERR(folio))
+			continue;
+		if (folio_test_uptodate(folio)) {
+			f2fs_folio_put(folio, true);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		fio.folio = folio;
+		err = f2fs_submit_page_bio(&fio);
+		f2fs_folio_put(folio, err ? true : false);
+
+		if (!err)
+			f2fs_update_iostat(sbi, NULL, FS_META_READ_IO,
+							F2FS_BLKSIZE);
+	}
+out:
+	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
+	return blkno - start;
+}
+
+void f2fs_ra_meta_pages_cond(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, pgoff_t index,
+							unsigned int ra_blocks)
+{
+	struct folio *folio;
+	bool readahead = false;
+
+	if (ra_blocks == RECOVERY_MIN_RA_BLOCKS)
+		return;
+
+	folio = filemap_get_folio(META_MAPPING(sbi), index);
+	if (IS_ERR(folio) || !folio_test_uptodate(folio))
+		readahead = true;
+	f2fs_folio_put(folio, false);
+
+	if (readahead)
+		f2fs_ra_meta_pages(sbi, index, ra_blocks, META_POR, true);
+}
+
+static bool __f2fs_write_meta_folio(struct folio *folio,
+				struct writeback_control *wbc,
+				enum iostat_type io_type)
+{
+	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_F_SB(folio);
+
+	trace_f2fs_writepage(folio, META);
+
+	if (unlikely(f2fs_cp_error(sbi))) {
+		if (is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_IS_CLOSE)) {
+			folio_clear_uptodate(folio);
+			dec_page_count(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_META);
+			folio_unlock(folio);
+			return true;
+		}
+		goto redirty_out;
+	}
+	if (unlikely(is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_POR_DOING)))
+		goto redirty_out;
+
+	f2fs_do_write_meta_page(sbi, folio, io_type);
+	dec_page_count(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_META);
+
+	folio_unlock(folio);
+
+	if (unlikely(f2fs_cp_error(sbi)))
+		f2fs_submit_merged_write(sbi, META);
+
+	return true;
+
+redirty_out:
+	folio_redirty_for_writepage(wbc, folio);
+	return false;
+}
+
+static int f2fs_write_meta_pages(struct address_space *mapping,
+				struct writeback_control *wbc)
+{
+	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_M_SB(mapping);
+	struct f2fs_lock_context lc;
+	long diff, written;
+
+	if (unlikely(is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_POR_DOING)))
+		goto skip_write;
+
+	/* collect a number of dirty meta pages and write together */
+	if (wbc->sync_mode != WB_SYNC_ALL &&
+			get_pages(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_META) <
+					nr_pages_to_skip(sbi, META))
+		goto skip_write;
+
+	/* if locked failed, cp will flush dirty pages instead */
+	if (!f2fs_down_write_trylock_trace(&sbi->cp_global_sem, &lc))
+		goto skip_write;
+
+	trace_f2fs_writepages(mapping->host, wbc, META);
+	diff = nr_pages_to_write(sbi, META, wbc);
+	written = f2fs_sync_meta_pages(sbi, wbc->nr_to_write, FS_META_IO);
+	f2fs_up_write_trace(&sbi->cp_global_sem, &lc);
+	wbc->nr_to_write = max((long)0, wbc->nr_to_write - written - diff);
+	return 0;
+
+skip_write:
+	wbc->pages_skipped += get_pages(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_META);
+	trace_f2fs_writepages(mapping->host, wbc, META);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+long f2fs_sync_meta_pages(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, long nr_to_write,
+				enum iostat_type io_type)
+{
+	struct address_space *mapping = META_MAPPING(sbi);
+	pgoff_t index = 0, prev = ULONG_MAX;
+	struct folio_batch fbatch;
+	long nwritten = 0;
+	int nr_folios;
+	struct writeback_control wbc = {};
+	struct blk_plug plug;
+
+	folio_batch_init(&fbatch);
+
+	blk_start_plug(&plug);
+
+	while ((nr_folios = filemap_get_folios_tag(mapping, &index,
+					(pgoff_t)-1,
+					PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY, &fbatch))) {
+		int i;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < nr_folios; i++) {
+			struct folio *folio = fbatch.folios[i];
+
+			if (nr_to_write != LONG_MAX && i != 0 &&
+					folio->index != prev +
+					folio_nr_pages(fbatch.folios[i-1])) {
+				folio_batch_release(&fbatch);
+				goto stop;
+			}
+
+			folio_lock(folio);
+
+			if (unlikely(!is_meta_folio(folio))) {
+continue_unlock:
+				folio_unlock(folio);
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!folio_test_dirty(folio)) {
+				/* someone wrote it for us */
+				goto continue_unlock;
+			}
+
+			f2fs_folio_wait_writeback(folio, META, true, true);
+
+			if (!folio_clear_dirty_for_io(folio))
+				goto continue_unlock;
+
+			if (!__f2fs_write_meta_folio(folio, &wbc,
+						io_type)) {
+				folio_unlock(folio);
+				break;
+			}
+			nwritten += folio_nr_pages(folio);
+			prev = folio->index;
+			if (unlikely(nwritten >= nr_to_write))
+				break;
+		}
+		folio_batch_release(&fbatch);
+		cond_resched();
+	}
+stop:
+	if (nwritten)
+		f2fs_submit_merged_write(sbi, META);
+
+	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
+
+	return nwritten;
+}
+
+static bool f2fs_dirty_meta_folio(struct address_space *mapping,
+		struct folio *folio)
+{
+	trace_f2fs_set_page_dirty(folio, META);
+
+	if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio))
+		folio_mark_uptodate(folio);
+	if (filemap_dirty_folio(mapping, folio)) {
+		inc_page_count(F2FS_M_SB(mapping), F2FS_DIRTY_META);
+		folio_set_f2fs_reference(folio);
+		return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+const struct address_space_operations f2fs_meta_aops = {
+	.writepages	= f2fs_write_meta_pages,
+	.dirty_folio	= f2fs_dirty_meta_folio,
+	.invalidate_folio = f2fs_invalidate_folio,
+	.release_folio	= f2fs_release_folio,
+	.migrate_folio	= filemap_migrate_folio,
+};
+
+static void __add_ino_entry(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t ino,
+						unsigned int devidx, int type)
+{
+	struct inode_management *im = &sbi->im[type];
+	struct ino_entry *e = NULL, *new = NULL;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (type == FLUSH_INO) {
+		rcu_read_lock();
+		e = radix_tree_lookup(&im->ino_root, ino);
+		rcu_read_unlock();
+	}
+
+retry:
+	if (!e)
+		new = f2fs_kmem_cache_alloc(ino_entry_slab,
+						GFP_NOFS, true, NULL);
+
+	ret = radix_tree_preload(GFP_NOFS | __GFP_NOFAIL);
+	f2fs_bug_on(sbi, ret);
+
+	spin_lock(&im->ino_lock);
+	e = radix_tree_lookup(&im->ino_root, ino);
+	if (!e) {
+		if (!new) {
+			spin_unlock(&im->ino_lock);
+			radix_tree_preload_end();
+			goto retry;
+		}
+		e = new;
+		if (unlikely(radix_tree_insert(&im->ino_root, ino, e)))
+			f2fs_bug_on(sbi, 1);
+
+		memset(e, 0, sizeof(struct ino_entry));
+		e->ino = ino;
+
+		list_add_tail(&e->list, &im->ino_list);
+		if (type != ORPHAN_INO)
+			im->ino_num++;
+	}
+
+	if (type == FLUSH_INO)
+		f2fs_set_bit(devidx, (char *)&e->dirty_device);
+
+	spin_unlock(&im->ino_lock);
+	radix_tree_preload_end();
+
+	if (new && e != new)
+		kmem_cache_free(ino_entry_slab, new);
+}
+
+static void __remove_ino_entry(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t ino, int type)
+{
+	struct inode_management *im = &sbi->im[type];
+	struct ino_entry *e;
+
+	spin_lock(&im->ino_lock);
+	e = radix_tree_lookup(&im->ino_root, ino);
+	if (e) {
+		list_del(&e->list);
+		radix_tree_delete(&im->ino_root, ino);
+		im->ino_num--;
+		spin_unlock(&im->ino_lock);
+		kmem_cache_free(ino_entry_slab, e);
+		return;
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&im->ino_lock);
+}
+
+static void __set_ino_bitmap(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t ino, int type)
+{
+	struct inode_management *im = &sbi->im[type];
+	unsigned long index = INO_SLOT_INDEX(ino);
+	unsigned int ofs = INO_BIT_OFFSET(ino);
+	void **slot, *entry;
+	unsigned long bitmap = 0;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = radix_tree_preload(GFP_NOFS | __GFP_NOFAIL);
+	f2fs_bug_on(sbi, ret);
+
+	spin_lock(&im->ino_lock);
+	slot = radix_tree_lookup_slot(&im->ino_root, index);
+	if (slot) {
+		entry = radix_tree_deref_slot_protected(slot, &im->ino_lock);
+		bitmap = xa_to_value(entry);
+		if (!(bitmap & (1UL << ofs))) {
+			bitmap |= (1UL << ofs);
+			entry = xa_mk_value(bitmap);
+			radix_tree_replace_slot(&im->ino_root, slot, entry);
+		}
+	} else {
+		bitmap |= (1UL << ofs);
+		entry = xa_mk_value(bitmap);
+		if (unlikely(radix_tree_insert(&im->ino_root, index, entry)))
+			f2fs_bug_on(sbi, 1);
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&im->ino_lock);
+	radix_tree_preload_end();
+}
+
+static void __clear_ino_bitmap(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t ino, int type)
+{
+	struct inode_management *im = &sbi->im[type];
+	unsigned long index = INO_SLOT_INDEX(ino);
+	unsigned int ofs = INO_BIT_OFFSET(ino);
+	void **slot, *entry;
+	unsigned long bitmap;
+
+	spin_lock(&im->ino_lock);
+	slot = radix_tree_lookup_slot(&im->ino_root, index);
+	if (slot) {
+		entry = radix_tree_deref_slot_protected(slot, &im->ino_lock);
+		bitmap = xa_to_value(entry);
+		if (bitmap & (1UL << ofs))
+			bitmap &= ~(1UL << ofs);
+
+		if (bitmap) {
+			entry = xa_mk_value(bitmap);
+			radix_tree_replace_slot(&im->ino_root, slot, entry);
+		} else {
+			radix_tree_delete(&im->ino_root, index);
+		}
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&im->ino_lock);
+}
+
+static void f2fs_wait_for_inode_record(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, int mode)
+{
+	if (mode != APPEND_INO && mode != UPDATE_INO)
+		return;
+
+	/* Let's wait for some pending updates for APPEND_INO and UPDATE_INO. */
+	flush_workqueue(sbi->evict_wq);
+}
+
+static void __f2fs_add_ino_entry(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t ino,
+					unsigned int devidx, int type)
+{
+	if (type <= FLUSH_INO)
+		__add_ino_entry(sbi, ino, devidx, type);
+	else
+		__set_ino_bitmap(sbi, ino, type);
+}
+
+void f2fs_add_ino_entry(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t ino, int type)
+{
+	__f2fs_add_ino_entry(sbi, ino, 0, type);
+}
+
+void f2fs_remove_ino_entry(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t ino, int type)
+{
+	if (type <= FLUSH_INO)
+		__remove_ino_entry(sbi, ino, type);
+	else
+		__clear_ino_bitmap(sbi, ino, type);
+}
+
+/* mode should be APPEND_INO, UPDATE_INO, TRANS_DIR_INO and XATTR_DIR_INO */
+bool f2fs_exist_written_data(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t ino, int mode)
+{
+	struct inode_management *im = &sbi->im[mode];
+	unsigned long index = INO_SLOT_INDEX(ino);
+	unsigned int ofs = INO_BIT_OFFSET(ino);
+	void *entry;
+	unsigned long bitmap;
+
+	f2fs_bug_on(sbi, mode <= FLUSH_INO);
+
+	spin_lock(&im->ino_lock);
+	entry = radix_tree_lookup(&im->ino_root, index);
+	if (!entry) {
+		spin_unlock(&im->ino_lock);
+		return false;
+	}
+	bitmap = xa_to_value(entry);
+	spin_unlock(&im->ino_lock);
+
+	return bitmap & (1UL << ofs);
+}
+
+void f2fs_release_ino_entry(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, bool all)
+{
+	struct ino_entry *e, *tmp;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = all ? ORPHAN_INO : FLUSH_INO; i <= FLUSH_INO; i++) {
+		struct inode_management *im = &sbi->im[i];
+
+		f2fs_wait_for_inode_record(sbi, i);
+
+		spin_lock(&im->ino_lock);
+		list_for_each_entry_safe(e, tmp, &im->ino_list, list) {
+			list_del(&e->list);
+			radix_tree_delete(&im->ino_root, e->ino);
+			kmem_cache_free(ino_entry_slab, e);
+			im->ino_num--;
+		}
+		spin_unlock(&im->ino_lock);
+	}
+
+	for (i = APPEND_INO; i < MAX_INO_ENTRY; i++) {
+		struct inode_management *im = &sbi->im[i];
+
+		spin_lock(&im->ino_lock);
+		xa_destroy(&im->ino_root);
+		spin_unlock(&im->ino_lock);
+	}
+}
+
+void f2fs_set_dirty_device(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t ino,
+					unsigned int devidx, int type)
+{
+	__f2fs_add_ino_entry(sbi, ino, devidx, type);
+}
+
+bool f2fs_is_dirty_device(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t ino,
+					unsigned int devidx, int type)
+{
+	struct inode_management *im = &sbi->im[type];
+	struct ino_entry *e;
+	bool is_dirty = false;
+
+	spin_lock(&im->ino_lock);
+	e = radix_tree_lookup(&im->ino_root, ino);
+	if (e && f2fs_test_bit(devidx, (char *)&e->dirty_device))
+		is_dirty = true;
+	spin_unlock(&im->ino_lock);
+	return is_dirty;
+}
+
+int f2fs_acquire_orphan_inode(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	struct inode_management *im = &sbi->im[ORPHAN_INO];
+	int err = 0;
+
+	spin_lock(&im->ino_lock);
+
+	if (time_to_inject(sbi, FAULT_ORPHAN)) {
+		spin_unlock(&im->ino_lock);
+		return -ENOSPC;
+	}
+
+	if (unlikely(im->ino_num >= sbi->max_orphans))
+		err = -ENOSPC;
+	else
+		im->ino_num++;
+	spin_unlock(&im->ino_lock);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+void f2fs_release_orphan_inode(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	struct inode_management *im = &sbi->im[ORPHAN_INO];
+
+	spin_lock(&im->ino_lock);
+	f2fs_bug_on(sbi, im->ino_num == 0);
+	im->ino_num--;
+	spin_unlock(&im->ino_lock);
+}
+
+void f2fs_add_orphan_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	/* add new orphan ino entry into list */
+	f2fs_add_ino_entry(F2FS_I_SB(inode), inode->i_ino, ORPHAN_INO);
+	f2fs_update_inode_page(inode);
+}
+
+void f2fs_remove_orphan_inode(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t ino)
+{
+	/* remove orphan entry from orphan list */
+	f2fs_remove_ino_entry(sbi, ino, ORPHAN_INO);
+}
+
+static int recover_orphan_inode(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, nid_t ino)
+{
+	struct inode *inode;
+	struct node_info ni;
+	int err;
+
+	inode = f2fs_iget_retry(sbi->sb, ino);
+	if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
+		/*
+		 * there should be a bug that we can't find the entry
+		 * to orphan inode.
+		 */
+		f2fs_bug_on(sbi, PTR_ERR(inode) == -ENOENT);
+		return PTR_ERR(inode);
+	}
+
+	err = f2fs_dquot_initialize(inode);
+	if (err) {
+		iput(inode);
+		goto err_out;
+	}
+
+	clear_nlink(inode);
+
+	/* truncate all the data during iput */
+	iput(inode);
+
+	err = f2fs_get_node_info(sbi, ino, &ni, false);
+	if (err)
+		goto err_out;
+
+	/* ENOMEM was fully retried in f2fs_evict_inode. */
+	if (ni.blk_addr != NULL_ADDR) {
+		err = -EIO;
+		goto err_out;
+	}
+	return 0;
+
+err_out:
+	set_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_NEED_FSCK);
+	f2fs_warn(sbi, "%s: orphan failed (ino=%x), run fsck to fix.",
+		  __func__, ino);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int f2fs_recover_orphan_inodes(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	block_t start_blk, orphan_blocks, i, j;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (!is_set_ckpt_flags(sbi, CP_ORPHAN_PRESENT_FLAG))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (f2fs_hw_is_readonly(sbi)) {
+		f2fs_info(sbi, "write access unavailable, skipping orphan cleanup");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_IS_WRITABLE))
+		f2fs_info(sbi, "orphan cleanup on readonly fs");
+
+	start_blk = __start_cp_addr(sbi) + 1 + __cp_payload(sbi);
+	orphan_blocks = __start_sum_addr(sbi) - 1 - __cp_payload(sbi);
+
+	f2fs_ra_meta_pages(sbi, start_blk, orphan_blocks, META_CP, true);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < orphan_blocks; i++) {
+		struct folio *folio;
+		struct f2fs_orphan_block *orphan_blk;
+		unsigned int entry_count;
+
+		folio = f2fs_get_meta_folio(sbi, start_blk + i);
+		if (IS_ERR(folio)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(folio);
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		orphan_blk = folio_address(folio);
+		entry_count = le32_to_cpu(orphan_blk->entry_count);
+		if (entry_count > F2FS_ORPHANS_PER_BLOCK) {
+			f2fs_err(sbi, "invalid orphan inode entry count %u",
+				 entry_count);
+			set_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_NEED_FSCK);
+			f2fs_handle_error(sbi, ERROR_INCONSISTENT_ORPHAN);
+			err = -EFSCORRUPTED;
+			f2fs_folio_put(folio, true);
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		for (j = 0; j < entry_count; j++) {
+			nid_t ino = le32_to_cpu(orphan_blk->ino[j]);
+
+			err = recover_orphan_inode(sbi, ino);
+			if (err) {
+				f2fs_folio_put(folio, true);
+				goto out;
+			}
+		}
+		f2fs_folio_put(folio, true);
+	}
+	/* clear Orphan Flag */
+	clear_ckpt_flags(sbi, CP_ORPHAN_PRESENT_FLAG);
+out:
+	set_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_IS_RECOVERED);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void write_orphan_inodes(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, block_t start_blk)
+{
+	struct list_head *head;
+	struct f2fs_orphan_block *orphan_blk = NULL;
+	unsigned int nentries = 0;
+	unsigned short index = 1;
+	unsigned short orphan_blocks;
+	struct folio *folio = NULL;
+	struct ino_entry *orphan = NULL;
+	struct inode_management *im = &sbi->im[ORPHAN_INO];
+
+	orphan_blocks = GET_ORPHAN_BLOCKS(im->ino_num);
+
+	/*
+	 * we don't need to do spin_lock(&im->ino_lock) here, since all the
+	 * orphan inode operations are covered under f2fs_lock_op().
+	 * And, spin_lock should be avoided due to page operations below.
+	 */
+	head = &im->ino_list;
+
+	/* loop for each orphan inode entry and write them in journal block */
+	list_for_each_entry(orphan, head, list) {
+		if (!folio) {
+			folio = f2fs_grab_meta_folio(sbi, start_blk++);
+			orphan_blk = folio_address(folio);
+			memset(orphan_blk, 0, sizeof(*orphan_blk));
+		}
+
+		orphan_blk->ino[nentries++] = cpu_to_le32(orphan->ino);
+
+		if (nentries == F2FS_ORPHANS_PER_BLOCK) {
+			/*
+			 * an orphan block is full of 1020 entries,
+			 * then we need to flush current orphan blocks
+			 * and bring another one in memory
+			 */
+			orphan_blk->blk_addr = cpu_to_le16(index);
+			orphan_blk->blk_count = cpu_to_le16(orphan_blocks);
+			orphan_blk->entry_count = cpu_to_le32(nentries);
+			folio_mark_dirty(folio);
+			f2fs_folio_put(folio, true);
+			index++;
+			nentries = 0;
+			folio = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (folio) {
+		orphan_blk->blk_addr = cpu_to_le16(index);
+		orphan_blk->blk_count = cpu_to_le16(orphan_blocks);
+		orphan_blk->entry_count = cpu_to_le32(nentries);
+		folio_mark_dirty(folio);
+		f2fs_folio_put(folio, true);
+	}
+}
+
+static __u32 f2fs_checkpoint_chksum(struct f2fs_checkpoint *ckpt)
+{
+	unsigned int chksum_ofs = le32_to_cpu(ckpt->checksum_offset);
+	__u32 chksum;
+
+	chksum = f2fs_crc32(ckpt, chksum_ofs);
+	if (chksum_ofs < CP_CHKSUM_OFFSET) {
+		chksum_ofs += sizeof(chksum);
+		chksum = f2fs_chksum(chksum, (__u8 *)ckpt + chksum_ofs,
+				     F2FS_BLKSIZE - chksum_ofs);
+	}
+	return chksum;
+}
+
+static int get_checkpoint_version(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, block_t cp_addr,
+		struct f2fs_checkpoint **cp_block, struct folio **cp_folio,
+		unsigned long long *version)
+{
+	size_t crc_offset = 0;
+	__u32 crc;
+
+	*cp_folio = f2fs_get_meta_folio(sbi, cp_addr);
+	if (IS_ERR(*cp_folio))
+		return PTR_ERR(*cp_folio);
+
+	*cp_block = folio_address(*cp_folio);
+
+	crc_offset = le32_to_cpu((*cp_block)->checksum_offset);
+	if (crc_offset < CP_MIN_CHKSUM_OFFSET ||
+			crc_offset > CP_CHKSUM_OFFSET) {
+		f2fs_folio_put(*cp_folio, true);
+		f2fs_warn(sbi, "invalid crc_offset: %zu", crc_offset);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	crc = f2fs_checkpoint_chksum(*cp_block);
+	if (crc != cur_cp_crc(*cp_block)) {
+		f2fs_folio_put(*cp_folio, true);
+		f2fs_warn(sbi, "invalid crc value");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	*version = cur_cp_version(*cp_block);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct folio *validate_checkpoint(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+				block_t cp_addr, unsigned long long *version)
+{
+	struct folio *cp_folio_1 = NULL, *cp_folio_2 = NULL;
+	struct f2fs_checkpoint *cp_block = NULL;
+	unsigned long long cur_version = 0, pre_version = 0;
+	unsigned int cp_blocks;
+	int err;
+
+	err = get_checkpoint_version(sbi, cp_addr, &cp_block,
+					&cp_folio_1, version);
+	if (err)
+		return NULL;
+
+	cp_blocks = le32_to_cpu(cp_block->cp_pack_total_block_count);
+
+	if (cp_blocks > BLKS_PER_SEG(sbi) || cp_blocks <= F2FS_CP_PACKS) {
+		f2fs_warn(sbi, "invalid cp_pack_total_block_count:%u",
+			  le32_to_cpu(cp_block->cp_pack_total_block_count));
+		goto invalid_cp;
+	}
+	pre_version = *version;
+
+	cp_addr += cp_blocks - 1;
+	err = get_checkpoint_version(sbi, cp_addr, &cp_block,
+					&cp_folio_2, version);
+	if (err)
+		goto invalid_cp;
+	cur_version = *version;
+
+	if (cur_version == pre_version) {
+		*version = cur_version;
+		f2fs_folio_put(cp_folio_2, true);
+		return cp_folio_1;
+	}
+	f2fs_folio_put(cp_folio_2, true);
+invalid_cp:
+	f2fs_folio_put(cp_folio_1, true);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+int f2fs_get_valid_checkpoint(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	struct f2fs_checkpoint *cp_block;
+	struct f2fs_super_block *fsb = sbi->raw_super;
+	struct folio *cp1, *cp2, *cur_folio;
+	unsigned long blk_size = sbi->blocksize;
+	unsigned long long cp1_version = 0, cp2_version = 0;
+	unsigned long long cp_start_blk_no;
+	unsigned int cp_blks = 1 + __cp_payload(sbi);
+	block_t cp_blk_no;
+	int i;
+	int err;
+
+	sbi->ckpt = f2fs_kvzalloc(sbi, array_size(blk_size, cp_blks),
+				  GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!sbi->ckpt)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	/*
+	 * Finding out valid cp block involves read both
+	 * sets( cp pack 1 and cp pack 2)
+	 */
+	cp_start_blk_no = le32_to_cpu(fsb->cp_blkaddr);
+	cp1 = validate_checkpoint(sbi, cp_start_blk_no, &cp1_version);
+
+	/* The second checkpoint pack should start at the next segment */
+	cp_start_blk_no += ((unsigned long long)1) <<
+				le32_to_cpu(fsb->log_blocks_per_seg);
+	cp2 = validate_checkpoint(sbi, cp_start_blk_no, &cp2_version);
+
+	if (cp1 && cp2) {
+		if (ver_after(cp2_version, cp1_version))
+			cur_folio = cp2;
+		else
+			cur_folio = cp1;
+	} else if (cp1) {
+		cur_folio = cp1;
+	} else if (cp2) {
+		cur_folio = cp2;
+	} else {
+		err = -EFSCORRUPTED;
+		goto fail_no_cp;
+	}
+
+	cp_block = folio_address(cur_folio);
+	memcpy(sbi->ckpt, cp_block, blk_size);
+
+	if (cur_folio == cp1)
+		sbi->cur_cp_pack = 1;
+	else
+		sbi->cur_cp_pack = 2;
+
+	/* Sanity checking of checkpoint */
+	if (f2fs_sanity_check_ckpt(sbi)) {
+		err = -EFSCORRUPTED;
+		goto free_fail_no_cp;
+	}
+
+	if (cp_blks <= 1)
+		goto done;
+
+	cp_blk_no = le32_to_cpu(fsb->cp_blkaddr);
+	if (cur_folio == cp2)
+		cp_blk_no += BIT(le32_to_cpu(fsb->log_blocks_per_seg));
+
+	for (i = 1; i < cp_blks; i++) {
+		void *sit_bitmap_ptr;
+		unsigned char *ckpt = (unsigned char *)sbi->ckpt;
+
+		cur_folio = f2fs_get_meta_folio(sbi, cp_blk_no + i);
+		if (IS_ERR(cur_folio)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(cur_folio);
+			goto free_fail_no_cp;
+		}
+		sit_bitmap_ptr = folio_address(cur_folio);
+		memcpy(ckpt + i * blk_size, sit_bitmap_ptr, blk_size);
+		f2fs_folio_put(cur_folio, true);
+	}
+done:
+	f2fs_folio_put(cp1, true);
+	f2fs_folio_put(cp2, true);
+	return 0;
+
+free_fail_no_cp:
+	f2fs_folio_put(cp1, true);
+	f2fs_folio_put(cp2, true);
+fail_no_cp:
+	kvfree(sbi->ckpt);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __add_dirty_inode(struct inode *inode, enum inode_type type)
+{
+	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_I_SB(inode);
+	int flag = (type == DIR_INODE) ? FI_DIRTY_DIR : FI_DIRTY_FILE;
+
+	if (is_inode_flag_set(inode, flag))
+		return;
+
+	set_inode_flag(inode, flag);
+	list_add_tail(&F2FS_I(inode)->dirty_list, &sbi->inode_list[type]);
+	stat_inc_dirty_inode(sbi, type);
+}
+
+static void __remove_dirty_inode(struct inode *inode, enum inode_type type)
+{
+	int flag = (type == DIR_INODE) ? FI_DIRTY_DIR : FI_DIRTY_FILE;
+
+	if (get_dirty_pages(inode) || !is_inode_flag_set(inode, flag))
+		return;
+
+	list_del_init(&F2FS_I(inode)->dirty_list);
+	clear_inode_flag(inode, flag);
+	stat_dec_dirty_inode(F2FS_I_SB(inode), type);
+}
+
+void f2fs_update_dirty_folio(struct inode *inode, struct folio *folio)
+{
+	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_I_SB(inode);
+	enum inode_type type = S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) ? DIR_INODE : FILE_INODE;
+
+	if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && !S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) &&
+			!S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode))
+		return;
+
+	spin_lock(&sbi->inode_lock[type]);
+	if (type != FILE_INODE || test_opt(sbi, DATA_FLUSH))
+		__add_dirty_inode(inode, type);
+	inode_inc_dirty_pages(inode);
+	spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_lock[type]);
+
+	folio_set_f2fs_reference(folio);
+}
+
+void f2fs_remove_dirty_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = F2FS_I_SB(inode);
+	enum inode_type type = S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) ? DIR_INODE : FILE_INODE;
+
+	if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && !S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) &&
+			!S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode))
+		return;
+
+	if (type == FILE_INODE && !test_opt(sbi, DATA_FLUSH))
+		return;
+
+	spin_lock(&sbi->inode_lock[type]);
+	__remove_dirty_inode(inode, type);
+	spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_lock[type]);
+}
+
+int f2fs_sync_dirty_inodes(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, enum inode_type type,
+						bool from_cp)
+{
+	struct list_head *head;
+	struct inode *inode;
+	struct f2fs_inode_info *fi;
+	bool is_dir = (type == DIR_INODE);
+	unsigned long ino = 0;
+
+	trace_f2fs_sync_dirty_inodes_enter(sbi->sb, is_dir,
+				get_pages(sbi, is_dir ?
+				F2FS_DIRTY_DENTS : F2FS_DIRTY_DATA));
+retry:
+	if (unlikely(f2fs_cp_error(sbi))) {
+		trace_f2fs_sync_dirty_inodes_exit(sbi->sb, is_dir,
+				get_pages(sbi, is_dir ?
+				F2FS_DIRTY_DENTS : F2FS_DIRTY_DATA));
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+
+	spin_lock(&sbi->inode_lock[type]);
+
+	head = &sbi->inode_list[type];
+	if (list_empty(head)) {
+		spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_lock[type]);
+		trace_f2fs_sync_dirty_inodes_exit(sbi->sb, is_dir,
+				get_pages(sbi, is_dir ?
+				F2FS_DIRTY_DENTS : F2FS_DIRTY_DATA));
+		return 0;
+	}
+	fi = list_first_entry(head, struct f2fs_inode_info, dirty_list);
+	inode = igrab(&fi->vfs_inode);
+	spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_lock[type]);
+	if (inode) {
+		unsigned long cur_ino = inode->i_ino;
+
+		if (from_cp)
+			F2FS_I(inode)->cp_task = current;
+		F2FS_I(inode)->wb_task = current;
+
+		filemap_fdatawrite(inode->i_mapping);
+
+		F2FS_I(inode)->wb_task = NULL;
+		if (from_cp)
+			F2FS_I(inode)->cp_task = NULL;
+
+		iput(inode);
+		/* We need to give cpu to another writers. */
+		if (ino == cur_ino)
+			cond_resched();
+		else
+			ino = cur_ino;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * We should submit bio, since it exists several
+		 * writebacking dentry pages in the freeing inode.
+		 */
+		f2fs_submit_merged_write(sbi, DATA);
+		cond_resched();
+	}
+	goto retry;
+}
+
+static int f2fs_sync_inode_meta(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	struct list_head *head = &sbi->inode_list[DIRTY_META];
+	struct inode *inode;
+	struct f2fs_inode_info *fi;
+	s64 total = get_pages(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_IMETA);
+
+	while (total--) {
+		if (unlikely(f2fs_cp_error(sbi)))
+			return -EIO;
+
+		spin_lock(&sbi->inode_lock[DIRTY_META]);
+		if (list_empty(head)) {
+			spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_lock[DIRTY_META]);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		fi = list_first_entry(head, struct f2fs_inode_info,
+							gdirty_list);
+		inode = igrab(&fi->vfs_inode);
+		spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_lock[DIRTY_META]);
+		if (inode) {
+			sync_inode_metadata(inode, 0);
+
+			/* it's on eviction */
+			if (is_inode_flag_set(inode, FI_DIRTY_INODE))
+				f2fs_update_inode_page(inode);
+			iput(inode);
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void __prepare_cp_block(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	struct f2fs_checkpoint *ckpt = F2FS_CKPT(sbi);
+	struct f2fs_nm_info *nm_i = NM_I(sbi);
+	nid_t last_nid = nm_i->next_scan_nid;
+
+	next_free_nid(sbi, &last_nid);
+	ckpt->valid_block_count = cpu_to_le64(valid_user_blocks(sbi));
+	ckpt->valid_node_count = cpu_to_le32(valid_node_count(sbi));
+	ckpt->valid_inode_count = cpu_to_le32(valid_inode_count(sbi));
+	ckpt->next_free_nid = cpu_to_le32(last_nid);
+
+	/* update user_block_counts */
+	sbi->last_valid_block_count = sbi->total_valid_block_count;
+	percpu_counter_set(&sbi->alloc_valid_block_count, 0);
+	percpu_counter_set(&sbi->rf_node_block_count, 0);
+}
+
+static bool __need_flush_quota(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	bool ret = false;
+
+	if (!is_journalled_quota(sbi))
+		return false;
+
+	if (!f2fs_down_write_trylock(&sbi->quota_sem))
+		return true;
+	if (is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_QUOTA_SKIP_FLUSH)) {
+		ret = false;
+	} else if (is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_QUOTA_NEED_REPAIR)) {
+		ret = false;
+	} else if (is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_QUOTA_NEED_FLUSH)) {
+		clear_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_QUOTA_NEED_FLUSH);
+		ret = true;
+	} else if (get_pages(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_QDATA)) {
+		ret = true;
+	}
+	f2fs_up_write(&sbi->quota_sem);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Freeze all the FS-operations for checkpoint.
+ */
+static int block_operations(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	struct writeback_control wbc = {
+		.sync_mode = WB_SYNC_ALL,
+		.nr_to_write = LONG_MAX,
+	};
+	int err = 0, cnt = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Let's flush inline_data in dirty node pages.
+	 */
+	f2fs_flush_inline_data(sbi);
+
+retry_flush_quotas:
+	f2fs_lock_all(sbi);
+	if (__need_flush_quota(sbi)) {
+		bool need_lock = sbi->umount_lock_holder != current;
+
+		if (++cnt > DEFAULT_RETRY_QUOTA_FLUSH_COUNT) {
+			set_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_QUOTA_SKIP_FLUSH);
+			set_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_QUOTA_NEED_FLUSH);
+			goto retry_flush_dents;
+		}
+		f2fs_unlock_all(sbi);
+
+		/* don't grab s_umount lock during mount/umount/remount/freeze/quotactl */
+		if (!need_lock) {
+			f2fs_do_quota_sync(sbi->sb, -1);
+		} else if (down_read_trylock(&sbi->sb->s_umount)) {
+			f2fs_do_quota_sync(sbi->sb, -1);
+			up_read(&sbi->sb->s_umount);
+		}
+		cond_resched();
+		goto retry_flush_quotas;
+	}
+
+retry_flush_dents:
+	/* write all the dirty dentry pages */
+	if (get_pages(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_DENTS)) {
+		f2fs_unlock_all(sbi);
+		err = f2fs_sync_dirty_inodes(sbi, DIR_INODE, true);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+		cond_resched();
+		goto retry_flush_quotas;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * POR: we should ensure that there are no dirty node pages
+	 * until finishing nat/sit flush. inode->i_blocks can be updated.
+	 */
+	f2fs_down_write(&sbi->node_change);
+
+	if (get_pages(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_IMETA)) {
+		f2fs_up_write(&sbi->node_change);
+		f2fs_unlock_all(sbi);
+		err = f2fs_sync_inode_meta(sbi);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
+		cond_resched();
+		goto retry_flush_quotas;
+	}
+
+retry_flush_nodes:
+	f2fs_down_write(&sbi->node_write);
+
+	if (get_pages(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_NODES)) {
+		f2fs_up_write(&sbi->node_write);
+		atomic_inc(&sbi->wb_sync_req[NODE]);
+		err = f2fs_sync_node_pages(sbi, &wbc, false, FS_CP_NODE_IO);
+		atomic_dec(&sbi->wb_sync_req[NODE]);
+		if (err) {
+			f2fs_up_write(&sbi->node_change);
+			f2fs_unlock_all(sbi);
+			return err;
+		}
+		cond_resched();
+		goto retry_flush_nodes;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * sbi->node_change is used only for AIO write_begin path which produces
+	 * dirty node blocks and some checkpoint values by block allocation.
+	 */
+	__prepare_cp_block(sbi);
+	f2fs_up_write(&sbi->node_change);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void unblock_operations(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	f2fs_up_write(&sbi->node_write);
+	f2fs_unlock_all(sbi);
+}
+
+void f2fs_wait_on_all_pages(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, int type)
+{
+	DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
+
+	for (;;) {
+		if (!get_pages(sbi, type))
+			break;
+
+		if (unlikely(f2fs_cp_error(sbi) &&
+			!is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_IS_CLOSE)))
+			break;
+
+		if (type == F2FS_DIRTY_META)
+			f2fs_sync_meta_pages(sbi, LONG_MAX, FS_CP_META_IO);
+		else if (type == F2FS_WB_CP_DATA)
+			f2fs_submit_merged_write(sbi, DATA);
+
+		prepare_to_wait(&sbi->cp_wait, &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+		io_schedule_timeout(DEFAULT_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT);
+	}
+	finish_wait(&sbi->cp_wait, &wait);
+}
+
+static void update_ckpt_flags(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct cp_control *cpc)
+{
+	unsigned long orphan_num = sbi->im[ORPHAN_INO].ino_num;
+	struct f2fs_checkpoint *ckpt = F2FS_CKPT(sbi);
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&sbi->cp_lock, flags);
+
+	if ((cpc->reason & CP_UMOUNT) &&
+			le32_to_cpu(ckpt->cp_pack_total_block_count) >
+			sbi->blocks_per_seg - NM_I(sbi)->nat_bits_blocks)
+		disable_nat_bits(sbi, false);
+
+	if (cpc->reason & CP_TRIMMED)
+		__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_TRIMMED_FLAG);
+	else
+		__clear_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_TRIMMED_FLAG);
+
+	if (cpc->reason & CP_UMOUNT)
+		__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_UMOUNT_FLAG);
+	else
+		__clear_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_UMOUNT_FLAG);
+
+	if (cpc->reason & CP_FASTBOOT)
+		__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_FASTBOOT_FLAG);
+	else
+		__clear_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_FASTBOOT_FLAG);
+
+	if (orphan_num)
+		__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_ORPHAN_PRESENT_FLAG);
+	else
+		__clear_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_ORPHAN_PRESENT_FLAG);
+
+	if (is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_NEED_FSCK))
+		__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_FSCK_FLAG);
+
+	if (is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_IS_RESIZEFS))
+		__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_RESIZEFS_FLAG);
+	else
+		__clear_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_RESIZEFS_FLAG);
+
+	if (is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_CP_DISABLED))
+		__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_DISABLED_FLAG);
+	else
+		__clear_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_DISABLED_FLAG);
+
+	if (is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_CP_DISABLED_QUICK))
+		__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_DISABLED_QUICK_FLAG);
+	else
+		__clear_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_DISABLED_QUICK_FLAG);
+
+	if (is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_QUOTA_SKIP_FLUSH))
+		__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_QUOTA_NEED_FSCK_FLAG);
+	else
+		__clear_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_QUOTA_NEED_FSCK_FLAG);
+
+	if (is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_QUOTA_NEED_REPAIR))
+		__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_QUOTA_NEED_FSCK_FLAG);
+
+	/* set this flag to activate crc|cp_ver for recovery */
+	__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_CRC_RECOVERY_FLAG);
+	__clear_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_NOCRC_RECOVERY_FLAG);
+
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sbi->cp_lock, flags);
+}
+
+static void commit_checkpoint(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+	void *src, block_t blk_addr)
+{
+	struct writeback_control wbc = {};
+
+	/*
+	 * filemap_get_folios_tag and folio_lock again will take
+	 * some extra time. Therefore, f2fs_update_meta_pages and
+	 * f2fs_sync_meta_pages are combined in this function.
+	 */
+	struct folio *folio = f2fs_grab_meta_folio(sbi, blk_addr);
+
+	memcpy(folio_address(folio), src, PAGE_SIZE);
+
+	folio_mark_dirty(folio);
+	if (unlikely(!folio_clear_dirty_for_io(folio)))
+		f2fs_bug_on(sbi, 1);
+
+	/* writeout cp pack 2 page */
+	if (unlikely(!__f2fs_write_meta_folio(folio, &wbc, FS_CP_META_IO))) {
+		if (f2fs_cp_error(sbi)) {
+			f2fs_folio_put(folio, true);
+			return;
+		}
+		f2fs_bug_on(sbi, true);
+	}
+
+	f2fs_folio_put(folio, false);
+
+	/* submit checkpoint (with barrier if NOBARRIER is not set) */
+	f2fs_submit_merged_write(sbi, META_FLUSH);
+}
+
+static inline u64 get_sectors_written(struct block_device *bdev)
+{
+	return (u64)part_stat_read(bdev, sectors[STAT_WRITE]);
+}
+
+u64 f2fs_get_sectors_written(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	if (f2fs_is_multi_device(sbi)) {
+		u64 sectors = 0;
+		int i;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < sbi->s_ndevs; i++)
+			sectors += get_sectors_written(FDEV(i).bdev);
+
+		return sectors;
+	}
+
+	return get_sectors_written(sbi->sb->s_bdev);
+}
+
+static inline void stat_cp_time(struct cp_control *cpc, enum cp_time type)
+{
+	cpc->stats.times[type] = ktime_get();
+}
+
+static inline void check_cp_time(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct cp_control *cpc)
+{
+	unsigned long long sb_diff, cur_diff;
+	enum cp_time ct;
+
+	sb_diff = (u64)ktime_ms_delta(sbi->cp_stats.times[CP_TIME_END],
+					sbi->cp_stats.times[CP_TIME_START]);
+	cur_diff = (u64)ktime_ms_delta(cpc->stats.times[CP_TIME_END],
+					cpc->stats.times[CP_TIME_START]);
+
+	if (cur_diff > sb_diff) {
+		sbi->cp_stats = cpc->stats;
+		if (cur_diff < CP_LONG_LATENCY_THRESHOLD)
+			return;
+
+		f2fs_warn(sbi, "checkpoint was blocked for %llu ms", cur_diff);
+		for (ct = CP_TIME_START; ct < CP_TIME_MAX - 1; ct++)
+			f2fs_warn(sbi, "Step#%d: %llu ms", ct,
+				(u64)ktime_ms_delta(cpc->stats.times[ct + 1],
+						cpc->stats.times[ct]));
+	}
+}
+
+static int do_checkpoint(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct cp_control *cpc)
+{
+	struct f2fs_checkpoint *ckpt = F2FS_CKPT(sbi);
+	struct f2fs_nm_info *nm_i = NM_I(sbi);
+	unsigned long orphan_num = sbi->im[ORPHAN_INO].ino_num, flags;
+	block_t start_blk;
+	unsigned int data_sum_blocks, orphan_blocks;
+	__u32 crc32 = 0;
+	int i;
+	int cp_payload_blks = __cp_payload(sbi);
+	struct curseg_info *seg_i = CURSEG_I(sbi, CURSEG_HOT_NODE);
+	u64 kbytes_written;
+	int err;
+
+	/* Flush all the NAT/SIT pages */
+	f2fs_sync_meta_pages(sbi, LONG_MAX, FS_CP_META_IO);
+
+	stat_cp_time(cpc, CP_TIME_SYNC_META);
+
+	/* start to update checkpoint, cp ver is already updated previously */
+	ckpt->elapsed_time = cpu_to_le64(get_mtime(sbi, true));
+	ckpt->free_segment_count = cpu_to_le32(free_segments(sbi));
+	for (i = 0; i < NR_CURSEG_NODE_TYPE; i++) {
+		struct curseg_info *curseg = CURSEG_I(sbi, i + CURSEG_HOT_NODE);
+
+		ckpt->cur_node_segno[i] = cpu_to_le32(curseg->segno);
+		ckpt->cur_node_blkoff[i] = cpu_to_le16(curseg->next_blkoff);
+		ckpt->alloc_type[i + CURSEG_HOT_NODE] = curseg->alloc_type;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < NR_CURSEG_DATA_TYPE; i++) {
+		struct curseg_info *curseg = CURSEG_I(sbi, i + CURSEG_HOT_DATA);
+
+		ckpt->cur_data_segno[i] = cpu_to_le32(curseg->segno);
+		ckpt->cur_data_blkoff[i] = cpu_to_le16(curseg->next_blkoff);
+		ckpt->alloc_type[i + CURSEG_HOT_DATA] = curseg->alloc_type;
+	}
+
+	/* 2 cp + n data seg summary + orphan inode blocks */
+	data_sum_blocks = f2fs_npages_for_summary_flush(sbi, false);
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&sbi->cp_lock, flags);
+	if (data_sum_blocks < NR_CURSEG_DATA_TYPE)
+		__set_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_COMPACT_SUM_FLAG);
+	else
+		__clear_ckpt_flags(ckpt, CP_COMPACT_SUM_FLAG);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&sbi->cp_lock, flags);
+
+	orphan_blocks = GET_ORPHAN_BLOCKS(orphan_num);
+	ckpt->cp_pack_start_sum = cpu_to_le32(1 + cp_payload_blks +
+			orphan_blocks);
+
+	if (__remain_node_summaries(cpc->reason))
+		ckpt->cp_pack_total_block_count = cpu_to_le32(F2FS_CP_PACKS +
+				cp_payload_blks + data_sum_blocks +
+				orphan_blocks + NR_CURSEG_NODE_TYPE);
+	else
+		ckpt->cp_pack_total_block_count = cpu_to_le32(F2FS_CP_PACKS +
+				cp_payload_blks + data_sum_blocks +
+				orphan_blocks);
+
+	/* update ckpt flag for checkpoint */
+	update_ckpt_flags(sbi, cpc);
+
+	/* update SIT/NAT bitmap */
+	get_sit_bitmap(sbi, __bitmap_ptr(sbi, SIT_BITMAP));
+	get_nat_bitmap(sbi, __bitmap_ptr(sbi, NAT_BITMAP));
+
+	crc32 = f2fs_checkpoint_chksum(ckpt);
+	*((__le32 *)((unsigned char *)ckpt +
+				le32_to_cpu(ckpt->checksum_offset)))
+				= cpu_to_le32(crc32);
+
+	start_blk = __start_cp_next_addr(sbi);
+
+	/* write nat bits */
+	if (enabled_nat_bits(sbi, cpc)) {
+		__u64 cp_ver = cur_cp_version(ckpt);
+		block_t blk;
+
+		cp_ver |= ((__u64)crc32 << 32);
+		*(__le64 *)nm_i->nat_bits = cpu_to_le64(cp_ver);
+
+		blk = start_blk + BLKS_PER_SEG(sbi) - nm_i->nat_bits_blocks;
+		for (i = 0; i < nm_i->nat_bits_blocks; i++)
+			f2fs_update_meta_page(sbi, nm_i->nat_bits +
+					F2FS_BLK_TO_BYTES(i), blk + i);
+	}
+
+	/* write out checkpoint buffer at block 0 */
+	f2fs_update_meta_page(sbi, ckpt, start_blk++);
+
+	for (i = 1; i < 1 + cp_payload_blks; i++)
+		f2fs_update_meta_page(sbi, (char *)ckpt + i * F2FS_BLKSIZE,
+							start_blk++);
+
+	if (orphan_num) {
+		write_orphan_inodes(sbi, start_blk);
+		start_blk += orphan_blocks;
+	}
+
+	f2fs_write_data_summaries(sbi, start_blk);
+	start_blk += data_sum_blocks;
+
+	/* Record write statistics in the hot node summary */
+	kbytes_written = sbi->kbytes_written;
+	kbytes_written += (f2fs_get_sectors_written(sbi) -
+				sbi->sectors_written_start) >> 1;
+	seg_i->journal->info.kbytes_written = cpu_to_le64(kbytes_written);
+
+	if (__remain_node_summaries(cpc->reason)) {
+		f2fs_write_node_summaries(sbi, start_blk);
+		start_blk += NR_CURSEG_NODE_TYPE;
+	}
+
+	/* Here, we have one bio having CP pack except cp pack 2 page */
+	f2fs_sync_meta_pages(sbi, LONG_MAX, FS_CP_META_IO);
+	stat_cp_time(cpc, CP_TIME_SYNC_CP_META);
+
+	/* Wait for all dirty meta pages to be submitted for IO */
+	f2fs_wait_on_all_pages(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_META);
+	stat_cp_time(cpc, CP_TIME_WAIT_DIRTY_META);
+
+	/* wait for previous submitted meta pages writeback */
+	f2fs_wait_on_all_pages(sbi, F2FS_WB_CP_DATA);
+	stat_cp_time(cpc, CP_TIME_WAIT_CP_DATA);
+
+	/* flush all device cache */
+	err = f2fs_flush_device_cache(sbi);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	stat_cp_time(cpc, CP_TIME_FLUSH_DEVICE);
+
+	/* barrier and flush checkpoint cp pack 2 page if it can */
+	commit_checkpoint(sbi, ckpt, start_blk);
+	f2fs_wait_on_all_pages(sbi, F2FS_WB_CP_DATA);
+	stat_cp_time(cpc, CP_TIME_WAIT_LAST_CP);
+
+	/*
+	 * invalidate intermediate page cache borrowed from meta inode which are
+	 * used for migration of encrypted, verity or compressed inode's blocks.
+	 */
+	if (f2fs_sb_has_encrypt(sbi) || f2fs_sb_has_verity(sbi) ||
+		f2fs_sb_has_compression(sbi))
+		f2fs_bug_on(sbi,
+			invalidate_inode_pages2_range(META_MAPPING(sbi),
+				MAIN_BLKADDR(sbi), MAX_BLKADDR(sbi) - 1));
+
+	f2fs_release_ino_entry(sbi, false);
+
+	f2fs_reset_fsync_node_info(sbi);
+
+	clear_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_IS_DIRTY);
+	clear_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_NEED_CP);
+	clear_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_QUOTA_SKIP_FLUSH);
+
+	spin_lock(&sbi->stat_lock);
+	sbi->unusable_block_count = 0;
+	spin_unlock(&sbi->stat_lock);
+
+	__set_cp_next_pack(sbi);
+
+	/*
+	 * redirty superblock if metadata like node page or inode cache is
+	 * updated during writing checkpoint.
+	 */
+	if (get_pages(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_NODES) ||
+			get_pages(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_IMETA))
+		set_sbi_flag(sbi, SBI_IS_DIRTY);
+
+	f2fs_bug_on(sbi, get_pages(sbi, F2FS_DIRTY_DENTS));
+
+	return unlikely(f2fs_cp_error(sbi)) ? -EIO : 0;
+}
+
+int f2fs_write_checkpoint(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct cp_control *cpc)
+{
+	struct f2fs_checkpoint *ckpt = F2FS_CKPT(sbi);
+	struct f2fs_lock_context lc;
+	unsigned long long ckpt_ver;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	stat_cp_time(cpc, CP_TIME_START);
+
+	if (f2fs_readonly(sbi->sb) || f2fs_hw_is_readonly(sbi))
+		return -EROFS;
+
+	if (unlikely(is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_CP_DISABLED))) {
+		if (cpc->reason != CP_PAUSE)
+			return 0;
+		f2fs_warn(sbi, "Start checkpoint disabled!");
+	}
+	if (cpc->reason != CP_RESIZE)
+		f2fs_down_write_trace(&sbi->cp_global_sem, &lc);
+
+	stat_cp_time(cpc, CP_TIME_LOCK);
+
+	if (!is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_IS_DIRTY) &&
+		((cpc->reason & CP_FASTBOOT) || (cpc->reason & CP_SYNC) ||
+		((cpc->reason & CP_DISCARD) && !sbi->discard_blks)))
+		goto out;
+	if (unlikely(f2fs_cp_error(sbi))) {
+		err = -EIO;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	trace_f2fs_write_checkpoint(sbi->sb, cpc->reason, CP_PHASE_START_BLOCK_OPS);
+
+	err = block_operations(sbi);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	stat_cp_time(cpc, CP_TIME_OP_LOCK);
+
+	trace_f2fs_write_checkpoint(sbi->sb, cpc->reason, CP_PHASE_FINISH_BLOCK_OPS);
+
+	f2fs_flush_merged_writes(sbi);
+
+	/* this is the case of multiple fstrims without any changes */
+	if (cpc->reason & CP_DISCARD) {
+		if (!f2fs_exist_trim_candidates(sbi, cpc)) {
+			unblock_operations(sbi);
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		if (NM_I(sbi)->nat_cnt[DIRTY_NAT] == 0 &&
+				SIT_I(sbi)->dirty_sentries == 0 &&
+				prefree_segments(sbi) == 0) {
+			f2fs_flush_sit_entries(sbi, cpc);
+			f2fs_clear_prefree_segments(sbi, cpc);
+			unblock_operations(sbi);
+			goto out;
+		}
+	}
+	stat_cp_time(cpc, CP_TIME_MERGE_WRITE);
+
+	/*
+	 * update checkpoint pack index
+	 * Increase the version number so that
+	 * SIT entries and seg summaries are written at correct place
+	 */
+	ckpt_ver = cur_cp_version(ckpt);
+	ckpt->checkpoint_ver = cpu_to_le64(++ckpt_ver);
+
+	/* write cached NAT/SIT entries to NAT/SIT area */
+	err = f2fs_flush_nat_entries(sbi, cpc);
+	if (err) {
+		f2fs_err(sbi, "f2fs_flush_nat_entries failed err:%d, stop checkpoint", err);
+		f2fs_bug_on(sbi, !f2fs_cp_error(sbi));
+		goto stop;
+	}
+	stat_cp_time(cpc, CP_TIME_FLUSH_NAT);
+
+	f2fs_flush_sit_entries(sbi, cpc);
+
+	stat_cp_time(cpc, CP_TIME_FLUSH_SIT);
+
+	/* save inmem log status */
+	f2fs_save_inmem_curseg(sbi);
+
+	err = do_checkpoint(sbi, cpc);
+	if (err) {
+		f2fs_err(sbi, "do_checkpoint failed err:%d, stop checkpoint", err);
+		f2fs_bug_on(sbi, !f2fs_cp_error(sbi));
+		f2fs_release_discard_addrs(sbi);
+	} else {
+		f2fs_clear_prefree_segments(sbi, cpc);
+	}
+
+	f2fs_restore_inmem_curseg(sbi);
+	f2fs_reinit_atgc_curseg(sbi);
+	stat_inc_cp_count(sbi);
+stop:
+	unblock_operations(sbi);
+	stat_cp_time(cpc, CP_TIME_END);
+	check_cp_time(sbi, cpc);
+
+	if (cpc->reason & CP_RECOVERY)
+		f2fs_notice(sbi, "checkpoint: version = %llx", ckpt_ver);
+
+	/* update CP_TIME to trigger checkpoint periodically */
+	f2fs_update_time(sbi, CP_TIME);
+	trace_f2fs_write_checkpoint(sbi->sb, cpc->reason, CP_PHASE_FINISH_CHECKPOINT);
+out:
+	if (cpc->reason != CP_RESIZE)
+		f2fs_up_write_trace(&sbi->cp_global_sem, &lc);
+	return err;
+}
+
+void f2fs_init_ino_entry_info(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < MAX_INO_ENTRY; i++) {
+		struct inode_management *im = &sbi->im[i];
+
+		INIT_RADIX_TREE(&im->ino_root, GFP_ATOMIC);
+		spin_lock_init(&im->ino_lock);
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&im->ino_list);
+		im->ino_num = 0;
+	}
+
+	sbi->max_orphans = (BLKS_PER_SEG(sbi) - F2FS_CP_PACKS -
+			NR_CURSEG_PERSIST_TYPE - __cp_payload(sbi)) *
+			F2FS_ORPHANS_PER_BLOCK;
+}
+
+int __init f2fs_create_checkpoint_caches(void)
+{
+	ino_entry_slab = f2fs_kmem_cache_create("f2fs_ino_entry",
+			sizeof(struct ino_entry));
+	if (!ino_entry_slab)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	f2fs_inode_entry_slab = f2fs_kmem_cache_create("f2fs_inode_entry",
+			sizeof(struct inode_entry));
+	if (!f2fs_inode_entry_slab) {
+		kmem_cache_destroy(ino_entry_slab);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void f2fs_destroy_checkpoint_caches(void)
+{
+	kmem_cache_destroy(ino_entry_slab);
+	kmem_cache_destroy(f2fs_inode_entry_slab);
+}
+
+static int __write_checkpoint_sync(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	struct cp_control cpc = { .reason = CP_SYNC, };
+	struct f2fs_lock_context lc;
+	int err;
+
+	f2fs_down_write_trace(&sbi->gc_lock, &lc);
+	err = f2fs_write_checkpoint(sbi, &cpc);
+	f2fs_up_write_trace(&sbi->gc_lock, &lc);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __checkpoint_and_complete_reqs(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	struct ckpt_req_control *cprc = &sbi->cprc_info;
+	struct ckpt_req *req, *next;
+	struct llist_node *dispatch_list;
+	u64 sum_diff = 0, diff, count = 0;
+	int ret;
+
+	dispatch_list = llist_del_all(&cprc->issue_list);
+	if (!dispatch_list)
+		return;
+	dispatch_list = llist_reverse_order(dispatch_list);
+
+	ret = __write_checkpoint_sync(sbi);
+	atomic_inc(&cprc->issued_ckpt);
+
+	llist_for_each_entry_safe(req, next, dispatch_list, llnode) {
+		diff = (u64)ktime_ms_delta(ktime_get(), req->queue_time);
+		req->ret = ret;
+		req->delta_time = diff;
+		complete(&req->wait);
+
+		sum_diff += diff;
+		count++;
+	}
+	atomic_sub(count, &cprc->queued_ckpt);
+	atomic_add(count, &cprc->total_ckpt);
+
+	spin_lock(&cprc->stat_lock);
+	cprc->cur_time = (unsigned int)div64_u64(sum_diff, count);
+	if (cprc->peak_time < cprc->cur_time)
+		cprc->peak_time = cprc->cur_time;
+	spin_unlock(&cprc->stat_lock);
+}
+
+static int issue_checkpoint_thread(void *data)
+{
+	struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi = data;
+	struct ckpt_req_control *cprc = &sbi->cprc_info;
+	wait_queue_head_t *q = &cprc->ckpt_wait_queue;
+repeat:
+	if (kthread_should_stop())
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!llist_empty(&cprc->issue_list))
+		__checkpoint_and_complete_reqs(sbi);
+
+	wait_event_interruptible(*q,
+		kthread_should_stop() || !llist_empty(&cprc->issue_list));
+	goto repeat;
+}
+
+static void flush_remained_ckpt_reqs(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+		struct ckpt_req *wait_req)
+{
+	struct ckpt_req_control *cprc = &sbi->cprc_info;
+
+	if (!llist_empty(&cprc->issue_list)) {
+		__checkpoint_and_complete_reqs(sbi);
+	} else {
+		/* already dispatched by issue_checkpoint_thread */
+		if (wait_req)
+			wait_for_completion(&wait_req->wait);
+	}
+}
+
+static void init_ckpt_req(struct ckpt_req *req)
+{
+	memset(req, 0, sizeof(struct ckpt_req));
+
+	init_completion(&req->wait);
+	req->queue_time = ktime_get();
+}
+
+int f2fs_issue_checkpoint(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	struct ckpt_req_control *cprc = &sbi->cprc_info;
+	struct ckpt_req req;
+	struct cp_control cpc;
+
+	cpc.reason = __get_cp_reason(sbi);
+	if (!test_opt(sbi, MERGE_CHECKPOINT) || cpc.reason != CP_SYNC ||
+		sbi->umount_lock_holder == current) {
+		struct f2fs_lock_context lc;
+		int ret;
+
+		f2fs_down_write_trace(&sbi->gc_lock, &lc);
+		ret = f2fs_write_checkpoint(sbi, &cpc);
+		f2fs_up_write_trace(&sbi->gc_lock, &lc);
+
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	if (!cprc->f2fs_issue_ckpt)
+		return __write_checkpoint_sync(sbi);
+
+	init_ckpt_req(&req);
+
+	llist_add(&req.llnode, &cprc->issue_list);
+	atomic_inc(&cprc->queued_ckpt);
+
+	/*
+	 * update issue_list before we wake up issue_checkpoint thread,
+	 * this smp_mb() pairs with another barrier in ___wait_event(),
+	 * see more details in comments of waitqueue_active().
+	 */
+	smp_mb();
+
+	if (waitqueue_active(&cprc->ckpt_wait_queue))
+		wake_up(&cprc->ckpt_wait_queue);
+
+	if (cprc->f2fs_issue_ckpt)
+		wait_for_completion(&req.wait);
+	else
+		flush_remained_ckpt_reqs(sbi, &req);
+
+	if (unlikely(req.delta_time >= CP_LONG_LATENCY_THRESHOLD)) {
+		f2fs_warn_ratelimited(sbi,
+			"blocked on checkpoint for %u ms", cprc->peak_time);
+		dump_stack();
+	}
+
+	return req.ret;
+}
+
+int f2fs_start_ckpt_thread(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	dev_t dev = sbi->sb->s_bdev->bd_dev;
+	struct ckpt_req_control *cprc = &sbi->cprc_info;
+
+	if (cprc->f2fs_issue_ckpt)
+		return 0;
+
+	cprc->f2fs_issue_ckpt = kthread_run(issue_checkpoint_thread, sbi,
+			"f2fs_ckpt-%u:%u", MAJOR(dev), MINOR(dev));
+	if (IS_ERR(cprc->f2fs_issue_ckpt)) {
+		int err = PTR_ERR(cprc->f2fs_issue_ckpt);
+
+		cprc->f2fs_issue_ckpt = NULL;
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	set_task_ioprio(cprc->f2fs_issue_ckpt, cprc->ckpt_thread_ioprio);
+	set_user_nice(cprc->f2fs_issue_ckpt,
+			PRIO_TO_NICE(sbi->critical_task_priority));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void f2fs_stop_ckpt_thread(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	struct ckpt_req_control *cprc = &sbi->cprc_info;
+	struct task_struct *ckpt_task;
+
+	if (!cprc->f2fs_issue_ckpt)
+		return;
+
+	ckpt_task = cprc->f2fs_issue_ckpt;
+	cprc->f2fs_issue_ckpt = NULL;
+	kthread_stop(ckpt_task);
+
+	f2fs_flush_ckpt_thread(sbi);
+}
+
+void f2fs_flush_ckpt_thread(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	struct ckpt_req_control *cprc = &sbi->cprc_info;
+
+	flush_remained_ckpt_reqs(sbi, NULL);
+
+	/* Let's wait for the previous dispatched checkpoint. */
+	while (atomic_read(&cprc->queued_ckpt))
+		io_schedule_timeout(DEFAULT_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT);
+}
+
+void f2fs_init_ckpt_req_control(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	struct ckpt_req_control *cprc = &sbi->cprc_info;
+
+	atomic_set(&cprc->issued_ckpt, 0);
+	atomic_set(&cprc->total_ckpt, 0);
+	atomic_set(&cprc->queued_ckpt, 0);
+	cprc->ckpt_thread_ioprio = DEFAULT_CHECKPOINT_IOPRIO;
+	init_waitqueue_head(&cprc->ckpt_wait_queue);
+	init_llist_head(&cprc->issue_list);
+	spin_lock_init(&cprc->stat_lock);
+}