ata: libata-scsi: fix ata_dsm_trim_pages() kernel-docgrafted

make htmldocs fails with:

  Documentation/driver-api/libata:604: ./drivers/ata/libata-scsi.c:2301:
  ERROR: Unexpected indentation. [docutils]

The Return: section of ata_dsm_trim_pages() ends its first sentence with
a colon and continues with an indented bullet list. reStructuredText
requires a blank line before an indented block, so docutils chokes on
the list.

Simply adding the missing blank line does not work either: Return: is a
kernel-doc "special section", which is terminated by the first blank
line, so the bullet list would end up in the Description section,
detached from the sentence introducing it.

Spell the two bounds out as prose instead, so that the Return: section
stays self-contained. Documentation-only change.

Fixes: e64e6b5dc867 ("ata: libata-scsi: scale DSM TRIM payload by MAX PAGES PER DSM COMMAND")
Reported-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-ide/b0a0b8e8-cc4f-4c7b-8bc5-fee0712d405a@redhat.com/
Reviewed-by: Damien Le Moal <dlemoal@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260916130031.29990-2-cassel@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Niklas Cassel <cassel@kernel.org>

21 files changed, 9799 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/fs/ext2/Kconfig b/fs/ext2/Kconfig
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d5bce83ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/Kconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+config EXT2_FS
+	tristate "Second extended fs support (DEPRECATED)"
+	select BUFFER_HEAD
+	select FS_IOMAP
+	help
+	  Ext2 is a standard Linux file system for hard disks.
+
+	  This filesystem driver is deprecated because it does not properly
+	  support inode time stamps beyond 03:14:07 UTC on 19 January 2038.
+
+	  Ext2 users are advised to use ext4 driver to access their filesystem.
+	  The driver is fully compatible, supports filesystems without journal
+          or extents, and also supports larger time stamps if the filesystem
+          is created with at least 256 byte inodes.
+
+	  This code is kept as a simple reference for filesystem developers.
+
+	  If unsure, say N.
+
+config EXT2_FS_XATTR
+	bool "Ext2 extended attributes"
+	depends on EXT2_FS
+	help
+	  Extended attributes are name:value pairs associated with inodes by
+	  the kernel or by users (see the attr(5) manual page for details).
+
+	  If unsure, say N.
+
+config EXT2_FS_POSIX_ACL
+	bool "Ext2 POSIX Access Control Lists"
+	depends on EXT2_FS_XATTR
+	select FS_POSIX_ACL
+	help
+	  Posix Access Control Lists (ACLs) support permissions for users and
+	  groups beyond the owner/group/world scheme.
+
+	  If you don't know what Access Control Lists are, say N
+
+config EXT2_FS_SECURITY
+	bool "Ext2 Security Labels"
+	depends on EXT2_FS_XATTR
+	help
+	  Security labels support alternative access control models
+	  implemented by security modules like SELinux.  This option
+	  enables an extended attribute handler for file security
+	  labels in the ext2 filesystem.
+
+	  If you are not using a security module that requires using
+	  extended attributes for file security labels, say N.
diff --git a/fs/ext2/Makefile b/fs/ext2/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8860948ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#
+# Makefile for the linux ext2-filesystem routines.
+#
+
+obj-$(CONFIG_EXT2_FS) += ext2.o
+
+ext2-y := balloc.o dir.o file.o ialloc.o inode.o \
+	  ioctl.o namei.o super.o symlink.o trace.o
+
+# For tracepoints to include our trace.h from tracepoint infrastructure
+CFLAGS_trace.o := -I$(src)
+
+ext2-$(CONFIG_EXT2_FS_XATTR)	 += xattr.o xattr_user.o xattr_trusted.o
+ext2-$(CONFIG_EXT2_FS_POSIX_ACL) += acl.o
+ext2-$(CONFIG_EXT2_FS_SECURITY)	 += xattr_security.o
diff --git a/fs/ext2/acl.c b/fs/ext2/acl.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7e54c3158
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/acl.c
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * linux/fs/ext2/acl.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2001-2003 Andreas Gruenbacher, <agruen@suse.de>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+
+/*
+ * Convert from filesystem to in-memory representation.
+ */
+static struct posix_acl *
+ext2_acl_from_disk(const void *value, size_t size)
+{
+	const char *end = (char *)value + size;
+	int n, count;
+	struct posix_acl *acl;
+
+	if (!value)
+		return NULL;
+	if (size < sizeof(ext2_acl_header))
+		 return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+	if (((ext2_acl_header *)value)->a_version !=
+	    cpu_to_le32(EXT2_ACL_VERSION))
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+	value = (char *)value + sizeof(ext2_acl_header);
+	count = ext2_acl_count(size);
+	if (count < 0)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+	if (count == 0)
+		return NULL;
+	acl = posix_acl_alloc(count, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!acl)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+	for (n=0; n < count; n++) {
+		ext2_acl_entry *entry =
+			(ext2_acl_entry *)value;
+		if ((char *)value + sizeof(ext2_acl_entry_short) > end)
+			goto fail;
+		acl->a_entries[n].e_tag  = le16_to_cpu(entry->e_tag);
+		acl->a_entries[n].e_perm = le16_to_cpu(entry->e_perm);
+		switch(acl->a_entries[n].e_tag) {
+			case ACL_USER_OBJ:
+			case ACL_GROUP_OBJ:
+			case ACL_MASK:
+			case ACL_OTHER:
+				value = (char *)value +
+					sizeof(ext2_acl_entry_short);
+				break;
+
+			case ACL_USER:
+				value = (char *)value + sizeof(ext2_acl_entry);
+				if ((char *)value > end)
+					goto fail;
+				acl->a_entries[n].e_uid =
+					make_kuid(&init_user_ns,
+						  le32_to_cpu(entry->e_id));
+				break;
+			case ACL_GROUP:
+				value = (char *)value + sizeof(ext2_acl_entry);
+				if ((char *)value > end)
+					goto fail;
+				acl->a_entries[n].e_gid =
+					make_kgid(&init_user_ns,
+						  le32_to_cpu(entry->e_id));
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				goto fail;
+		}
+	}
+	if (value != end)
+		goto fail;
+	return acl;
+
+fail:
+	posix_acl_release(acl);
+	return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert from in-memory to filesystem representation.
+ */
+static void *
+ext2_acl_to_disk(const struct posix_acl *acl, size_t *size)
+{
+	ext2_acl_header *ext_acl;
+	char *e;
+	size_t n;
+
+	*size = ext2_acl_size(acl->a_count);
+	ext_acl = kmalloc(sizeof(ext2_acl_header) + acl->a_count *
+			sizeof(ext2_acl_entry), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!ext_acl)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+	ext_acl->a_version = cpu_to_le32(EXT2_ACL_VERSION);
+	e = (char *)ext_acl + sizeof(ext2_acl_header);
+	for (n=0; n < acl->a_count; n++) {
+		const struct posix_acl_entry *acl_e = &acl->a_entries[n];
+		ext2_acl_entry *entry = (ext2_acl_entry *)e;
+		entry->e_tag  = cpu_to_le16(acl_e->e_tag);
+		entry->e_perm = cpu_to_le16(acl_e->e_perm);
+		switch(acl_e->e_tag) {
+			case ACL_USER:
+				entry->e_id = cpu_to_le32(
+					from_kuid(&init_user_ns, acl_e->e_uid));
+				e += sizeof(ext2_acl_entry);
+				break;
+			case ACL_GROUP:
+				entry->e_id = cpu_to_le32(
+					from_kgid(&init_user_ns, acl_e->e_gid));
+				e += sizeof(ext2_acl_entry);
+				break;
+
+			case ACL_USER_OBJ:
+			case ACL_GROUP_OBJ:
+			case ACL_MASK:
+			case ACL_OTHER:
+				e += sizeof(ext2_acl_entry_short);
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				goto fail;
+		}
+	}
+	return (char *)ext_acl;
+
+fail:
+	kfree(ext_acl);
+	return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * inode->i_mutex: don't care
+ */
+struct posix_acl *
+ext2_get_acl(struct inode *inode, int type, bool rcu)
+{
+	int name_index;
+	char *value = NULL;
+	struct posix_acl *acl;
+	int retval;
+
+	if (rcu)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ECHILD);
+
+	switch (type) {
+	case ACL_TYPE_ACCESS:
+		name_index = EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_POSIX_ACL_ACCESS;
+		break;
+	case ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT:
+		name_index = EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_POSIX_ACL_DEFAULT;
+		break;
+	default:
+		BUG();
+	}
+	retval = ext2_xattr_get(inode, name_index, "", NULL, 0);
+	if (retval > 0) {
+		value = kmalloc(retval, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!value)
+			return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		retval = ext2_xattr_get(inode, name_index, "", value, retval);
+	}
+	if (retval > 0)
+		acl = ext2_acl_from_disk(value, retval);
+	else if (retval == -ENODATA || retval == -ENOSYS)
+		acl = NULL;
+	else
+		acl = ERR_PTR(retval);
+	kfree(value);
+
+	return acl;
+}
+
+static int
+__ext2_set_acl(struct inode *inode, struct posix_acl *acl, int type)
+{
+	int name_index;
+	void *value = NULL;
+	size_t size = 0;
+	int error;
+
+	switch(type) {
+		case ACL_TYPE_ACCESS:
+			name_index = EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_POSIX_ACL_ACCESS;
+			break;
+
+		case ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT:
+			name_index = EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_POSIX_ACL_DEFAULT;
+			if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
+				return acl ? -EACCES : 0;
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			return -EINVAL;
+	}
+ 	if (acl) {
+		value = ext2_acl_to_disk(acl, &size);
+		if (IS_ERR(value))
+			return (int)PTR_ERR(value);
+	}
+
+	error = ext2_xattr_set(inode, name_index, "", value, size, 0);
+
+	kfree(value);
+	if (!error)
+		set_cached_acl(inode, type, acl);
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * inode->i_mutex: down
+ */
+int
+ext2_set_acl(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
+	     struct posix_acl *acl, int type)
+{
+	int error;
+	int update_mode = 0;
+	struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
+	umode_t mode = inode->i_mode;
+
+	if (type == ACL_TYPE_ACCESS && acl) {
+		error = posix_acl_update_mode(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, &mode,
+					      &acl);
+		if (error)
+			return error;
+		update_mode = 1;
+	}
+	error = __ext2_set_acl(inode, acl, type);
+	if (!error && update_mode) {
+		inode->i_mode = mode;
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+	}
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize the ACLs of a new inode. Called from ext2_new_inode.
+ *
+ * dir->i_mutex: down
+ * inode->i_mutex: up (access to inode is still exclusive)
+ */
+int
+ext2_init_acl(struct inode *inode, struct inode *dir)
+{
+	struct posix_acl *default_acl, *acl;
+	int error;
+
+	error = posix_acl_create(dir, &inode->i_mode, &default_acl, &acl);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
+	if (default_acl) {
+		error = __ext2_set_acl(inode, default_acl, ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT);
+		posix_acl_release(default_acl);
+	} else {
+		inode->i_default_acl = NULL;
+	}
+	if (acl) {
+		if (!error)
+			error = __ext2_set_acl(inode, acl, ACL_TYPE_ACCESS);
+		posix_acl_release(acl);
+	} else {
+		inode->i_acl = NULL;
+	}
+	return error;
+}
diff --git a/fs/ext2/acl.h b/fs/ext2/acl.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4a8443a2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/acl.h
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+/*
+  File: fs/ext2/acl.h
+
+  (C) 2001 Andreas Gruenbacher, <a.gruenbacher@computer.org>
+*/
+
+#include <linux/posix_acl_xattr.h>
+
+#define EXT2_ACL_VERSION	0x0001
+
+typedef struct {
+	__le16		e_tag;
+	__le16		e_perm;
+	__le32		e_id;
+} ext2_acl_entry;
+
+typedef struct {
+	__le16		e_tag;
+	__le16		e_perm;
+} ext2_acl_entry_short;
+
+typedef struct {
+	__le32		a_version;
+} ext2_acl_header;
+
+static inline size_t ext2_acl_size(int count)
+{
+	if (count <= 4) {
+		return sizeof(ext2_acl_header) +
+		       count * sizeof(ext2_acl_entry_short);
+	} else {
+		return sizeof(ext2_acl_header) +
+		       4 * sizeof(ext2_acl_entry_short) +
+		       (count - 4) * sizeof(ext2_acl_entry);
+	}
+}
+
+static inline int ext2_acl_count(size_t size)
+{
+	ssize_t s;
+	size -= sizeof(ext2_acl_header);
+	s = size - 4 * sizeof(ext2_acl_entry_short);
+	if (s < 0) {
+		if (size % sizeof(ext2_acl_entry_short))
+			return -1;
+		return size / sizeof(ext2_acl_entry_short);
+	} else {
+		if (s % sizeof(ext2_acl_entry))
+			return -1;
+		return s / sizeof(ext2_acl_entry) + 4;
+	}
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_POSIX_ACL
+
+/* acl.c */
+extern struct posix_acl *ext2_get_acl(struct inode *inode, int type, bool rcu);
+extern int ext2_set_acl(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
+			struct posix_acl *acl, int type);
+extern int ext2_init_acl (struct inode *, struct inode *);
+
+#else
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#define ext2_get_acl	NULL
+#define ext2_set_acl	NULL
+
+static inline int ext2_init_acl (struct inode *inode, struct inode *dir)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
+
diff --git a/fs/ext2/balloc.c b/fs/ext2/balloc.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..adf0f31fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/balloc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1535 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ *  linux/fs/ext2/balloc.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
+ * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
+ * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
+ * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
+ *
+ *  Enhanced block allocation by Stephen Tweedie (sct@redhat.com), 1993
+ *  Big-endian to little-endian byte-swapping/bitmaps by
+ *        David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu), 1995
+ */
+
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/cred.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/capability.h>
+
+/*
+ * balloc.c contains the blocks allocation and deallocation routines
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The free blocks are managed by bitmaps.  A file system contains several
+ * blocks groups.  Each group contains 1 bitmap block for blocks, 1 bitmap
+ * block for inodes, N blocks for the inode table and data blocks.
+ *
+ * The file system contains group descriptors which are located after the
+ * super block.  Each descriptor contains the number of the bitmap block and
+ * the free blocks count in the block.  The descriptors are loaded in memory
+ * when a file system is mounted (see ext2_fill_super).
+ */
+
+
+struct ext2_group_desc * ext2_get_group_desc(struct super_block * sb,
+					     unsigned int block_group,
+					     struct buffer_head ** bh)
+{
+	unsigned long group_desc;
+	unsigned long offset;
+	struct ext2_group_desc * desc;
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+
+	if (block_group >= sbi->s_groups_count) {
+		WARN(1, "block_group >= groups_count - "
+		     "block_group = %d, groups_count = %lu",
+		     block_group, sbi->s_groups_count);
+
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	group_desc = block_group >> EXT2_DESC_PER_BLOCK_BITS(sb);
+	offset = block_group & (EXT2_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb) - 1);
+	if (!sbi->s_group_desc[group_desc]) {
+		WARN(1, "Group descriptor not loaded - "
+		     "block_group = %d, group_desc = %lu, desc = %lu",
+		      block_group, group_desc, offset);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	desc = (struct ext2_group_desc *) sbi->s_group_desc[group_desc]->b_data;
+	if (bh)
+		*bh = sbi->s_group_desc[group_desc];
+	return desc + offset;
+}
+
+static int ext2_valid_block_bitmap(struct super_block *sb,
+					struct ext2_group_desc *desc,
+					unsigned int block_group,
+					struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+	ext2_grpblk_t offset;
+	ext2_grpblk_t next_zero_bit;
+	ext2_fsblk_t bitmap_blk;
+	ext2_fsblk_t group_first_block;
+	ext2_grpblk_t max_bit;
+
+	group_first_block = ext2_group_first_block_no(sb, block_group);
+	max_bit = ext2_group_last_block_no(sb, block_group) - group_first_block;
+
+	/* check whether block bitmap block number is set */
+	bitmap_blk = le32_to_cpu(desc->bg_block_bitmap);
+	offset = bitmap_blk - group_first_block;
+	if (offset < 0 || offset > max_bit ||
+	    !ext2_test_bit(offset, bh->b_data))
+		/* bad block bitmap */
+		goto err_out;
+
+	/* check whether the inode bitmap block number is set */
+	bitmap_blk = le32_to_cpu(desc->bg_inode_bitmap);
+	offset = bitmap_blk - group_first_block;
+	if (offset < 0 || offset > max_bit ||
+	    !ext2_test_bit(offset, bh->b_data))
+		/* bad block bitmap */
+		goto err_out;
+
+	/* check whether the inode table block number is set */
+	bitmap_blk = le32_to_cpu(desc->bg_inode_table);
+	offset = bitmap_blk - group_first_block;
+	if (offset < 0 || offset > max_bit ||
+	    offset + EXT2_SB(sb)->s_itb_per_group - 1 > max_bit)
+		goto err_out;
+	next_zero_bit = ext2_find_next_zero_bit(bh->b_data,
+				offset + EXT2_SB(sb)->s_itb_per_group,
+				offset);
+	if (next_zero_bit >= offset + EXT2_SB(sb)->s_itb_per_group)
+		/* good bitmap for inode tables */
+		return 1;
+
+err_out:
+	ext2_error(sb, __func__,
+			"Invalid block bitmap - "
+			"block_group = %d, block = %lu",
+			block_group, bitmap_blk);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read the bitmap for a given block_group,and validate the
+ * bits for block/inode/inode tables are set in the bitmaps
+ *
+ * Return buffer_head on success or NULL in case of failure.
+ */
+static struct buffer_head *
+read_block_bitmap(struct super_block *sb, unsigned int block_group)
+{
+	struct ext2_group_desc * desc;
+	struct buffer_head * bh = NULL;
+	ext2_fsblk_t bitmap_blk;
+	int ret;
+
+	desc = ext2_get_group_desc(sb, block_group, NULL);
+	if (!desc)
+		return NULL;
+	bitmap_blk = le32_to_cpu(desc->bg_block_bitmap);
+	bh = sb_getblk(sb, bitmap_blk);
+	if (unlikely(!bh)) {
+		ext2_error(sb, __func__,
+			    "Cannot read block bitmap - "
+			    "block_group = %d, block_bitmap = %u",
+			    block_group, le32_to_cpu(desc->bg_block_bitmap));
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	ret = bh_read(bh, 0);
+	if (ret > 0)
+		return bh;
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		brelse(bh);
+		ext2_error(sb, __func__,
+			    "Cannot read block bitmap - "
+			    "block_group = %d, block_bitmap = %u",
+			    block_group, le32_to_cpu(desc->bg_block_bitmap));
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	ext2_valid_block_bitmap(sb, desc, block_group, bh);
+	/*
+	 * file system mounted not to panic on error, continue with corrupt
+	 * bitmap
+	 */
+	return bh;
+}
+
+static void group_adjust_blocks(struct super_block *sb, int group_no,
+	struct ext2_group_desc *desc, struct buffer_head *bh, int count)
+{
+	if (count) {
+		struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+		unsigned free_blocks;
+
+		spin_lock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, group_no));
+		free_blocks = le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_blocks_count);
+		desc->bg_free_blocks_count = cpu_to_le16(free_blocks + count);
+		spin_unlock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, group_no));
+		mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * The reservation window structure operations
+ * --------------------------------------------
+ * Operations include:
+ * dump, find, add, remove, is_empty, find_next_reservable_window, etc.
+ *
+ * We use a red-black tree to represent per-filesystem reservation
+ * windows.
+ *
+ */
+
+/**
+ * __rsv_window_dump() -- Dump the filesystem block allocation reservation map
+ * @root:		root of per-filesystem reservation rb tree
+ * @verbose:		verbose mode
+ * @fn:			function which wishes to dump the reservation map
+ *
+ * If verbose is turned on, it will print the whole block reservation
+ * windows(start, end). Otherwise, it will only print out the "bad" windows,
+ * those windows that overlap with their immediate neighbors.
+ */
+#ifdef EXT2FS_DEBUG
+static void __rsv_window_dump(struct rb_root *root, int verbose,
+			      const char *fn)
+{
+	struct rb_node *n;
+	struct ext2_reserve_window_node *rsv, *prev;
+	int bad;
+
+restart:
+	n = rb_first(root);
+	bad = 0;
+	prev = NULL;
+
+	printk("Block Allocation Reservation Windows Map (%s):\n", fn);
+	while (n) {
+		rsv = rb_entry(n, struct ext2_reserve_window_node, rsv_node);
+		if (verbose)
+			printk("reservation window 0x%p "
+				"start: %lu, end: %lu\n",
+				rsv, rsv->rsv_start, rsv->rsv_end);
+		if (rsv->rsv_start && rsv->rsv_start >= rsv->rsv_end) {
+			printk("Bad reservation %p (start >= end)\n",
+			       rsv);
+			bad = 1;
+		}
+		if (prev && prev->rsv_end >= rsv->rsv_start) {
+			printk("Bad reservation %p (prev->end >= start)\n",
+			       rsv);
+			bad = 1;
+		}
+		if (bad) {
+			if (!verbose) {
+				printk("Restarting reservation walk in verbose mode\n");
+				verbose = 1;
+				goto restart;
+			}
+		}
+		n = rb_next(n);
+		prev = rsv;
+	}
+	printk("Window map complete.\n");
+	BUG_ON(bad);
+}
+#define rsv_window_dump(root, verbose) \
+	__rsv_window_dump((root), (verbose), __func__)
+#else
+#define rsv_window_dump(root, verbose) do {} while (0)
+#endif /* EXT2FS_DEBUG */
+
+/**
+ * goal_in_my_reservation()
+ * @rsv:		inode's reservation window
+ * @grp_goal:		given goal block relative to the allocation block group
+ * @group:		the current allocation block group
+ * @sb:			filesystem super block
+ *
+ * Test if the given goal block (group relative) is within the file's
+ * own block reservation window range.
+ *
+ * If the reservation window is outside the goal allocation group, return 0;
+ * grp_goal (given goal block) could be -1, which means no specific
+ * goal block. In this case, always return 1.
+ * If the goal block is within the reservation window, return 1;
+ * otherwise, return 0;
+ */
+static int
+goal_in_my_reservation(struct ext2_reserve_window *rsv, ext2_grpblk_t grp_goal,
+			unsigned int group, struct super_block * sb)
+{
+	ext2_fsblk_t group_first_block, group_last_block;
+
+	group_first_block = ext2_group_first_block_no(sb, group);
+	group_last_block = ext2_group_last_block_no(sb, group);
+
+	if ((rsv->_rsv_start > group_last_block) ||
+	    (rsv->_rsv_end < group_first_block))
+		return 0;
+	if ((grp_goal >= 0) && ((grp_goal + group_first_block < rsv->_rsv_start)
+		|| (grp_goal + group_first_block > rsv->_rsv_end)))
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * search_reserve_window()
+ * @root:		root of reservation tree
+ * @goal:		target allocation block
+ *
+ * Find the reserved window which includes the goal, or the previous one
+ * if the goal is not in any window.
+ * Returns NULL if there are no windows or if all windows start after the goal.
+ */
+static struct ext2_reserve_window_node *
+search_reserve_window(struct rb_root *root, ext2_fsblk_t goal)
+{
+	struct rb_node *n = root->rb_node;
+	struct ext2_reserve_window_node *rsv;
+
+	if (!n)
+		return NULL;
+
+	do {
+		rsv = rb_entry(n, struct ext2_reserve_window_node, rsv_node);
+
+		if (goal < rsv->rsv_start)
+			n = n->rb_left;
+		else if (goal > rsv->rsv_end)
+			n = n->rb_right;
+		else
+			return rsv;
+	} while (n);
+	/*
+	 * We've fallen off the end of the tree: the goal wasn't inside
+	 * any particular node.  OK, the previous node must be to one
+	 * side of the interval containing the goal.  If it's the RHS,
+	 * we need to back up one.
+	 */
+	if (rsv->rsv_start > goal) {
+		n = rb_prev(&rsv->rsv_node);
+		rsv = rb_entry(n, struct ext2_reserve_window_node, rsv_node);
+	}
+	return rsv;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ext2_rsv_window_add() -- Insert a window to the block reservation rb tree.
+ * @sb:			super block
+ * @rsv:		reservation window to add
+ *
+ * Must be called with rsv_lock held.
+ */
+void ext2_rsv_window_add(struct super_block *sb,
+		    struct ext2_reserve_window_node *rsv)
+{
+	struct rb_root *root = &EXT2_SB(sb)->s_rsv_window_root;
+	struct rb_node *node = &rsv->rsv_node;
+	ext2_fsblk_t start = rsv->rsv_start;
+
+	struct rb_node ** p = &root->rb_node;
+	struct rb_node * parent = NULL;
+	struct ext2_reserve_window_node *this;
+
+	while (*p)
+	{
+		parent = *p;
+		this = rb_entry(parent, struct ext2_reserve_window_node, rsv_node);
+
+		if (start < this->rsv_start)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
+		else if (start > this->rsv_end)
+			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
+		else {
+			rsv_window_dump(root, 1);
+			BUG();
+		}
+	}
+
+	rb_link_node(node, parent, p);
+	rb_insert_color(node, root);
+}
+
+/**
+ * rsv_window_remove() -- unlink a window from the reservation rb tree
+ * @sb:			super block
+ * @rsv:		reservation window to remove
+ *
+ * Mark the block reservation window as not allocated, and unlink it
+ * from the filesystem reservation window rb tree. Must be called with
+ * rsv_lock held.
+ */
+static void rsv_window_remove(struct super_block *sb,
+			      struct ext2_reserve_window_node *rsv)
+{
+	rsv->rsv_start = EXT2_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED;
+	rsv->rsv_end = EXT2_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED;
+	rsv->rsv_alloc_hit = 0;
+	rb_erase(&rsv->rsv_node, &EXT2_SB(sb)->s_rsv_window_root);
+}
+
+/*
+ * rsv_is_empty() -- Check if the reservation window is allocated.
+ * @rsv:		given reservation window to check
+ *
+ * returns 1 if the end block is EXT2_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED.
+ */
+static inline int rsv_is_empty(struct ext2_reserve_window *rsv)
+{
+	/* a valid reservation end block could not be 0 */
+	return (rsv->_rsv_end == EXT2_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ext2_init_block_alloc_info()
+ * @inode:		file inode structure
+ *
+ * Allocate and initialize the  reservation window structure, and
+ * link the window to the ext2 inode structure at last
+ *
+ * The reservation window structure is only dynamically allocated
+ * and linked to ext2 inode the first time the open file
+ * needs a new block. So, before every ext2_new_block(s) call, for
+ * regular files, we should check whether the reservation window
+ * structure exists or not. In the latter case, this function is called.
+ * Fail to do so will result in block reservation being turned off for that
+ * open file.
+ *
+ * This function is called from ext2_get_blocks_handle(), also called
+ * when setting the reservation window size through ioctl before the file
+ * is open for write (needs block allocation).
+ *
+ * Needs truncate_mutex protection prior to calling this function.
+ */
+void ext2_init_block_alloc_info(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei = EXT2_I(inode);
+	struct ext2_block_alloc_info *block_i;
+	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+
+	block_i = kmalloc_obj(*block_i);
+	if (block_i) {
+		struct ext2_reserve_window_node *rsv = &block_i->rsv_window_node;
+
+		rsv->rsv_start = EXT2_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED;
+		rsv->rsv_end = EXT2_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED;
+
+	 	/*
+		 * if filesystem is mounted with NORESERVATION, the goal
+		 * reservation window size is set to zero to indicate
+		 * block reservation is off
+		 */
+		if (!test_opt(sb, RESERVATION))
+			rsv->rsv_goal_size = 0;
+		else
+			rsv->rsv_goal_size = EXT2_DEFAULT_RESERVE_BLOCKS;
+		rsv->rsv_alloc_hit = 0;
+		block_i->last_alloc_logical_block = 0;
+		block_i->last_alloc_physical_block = 0;
+	}
+	ei->i_block_alloc_info = block_i;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ext2_discard_reservation()
+ * @inode:		inode
+ *
+ * Discard(free) block reservation window on last file close, or truncate
+ * or at last iput().
+ *
+ * It is being called in three cases:
+ * 	ext2_release_file(): last writer closes the file
+ * 	ext2_clear_inode(): last iput(), when nobody links to this file.
+ * 	ext2_truncate(): when the block indirect map is about to change.
+ */
+void ext2_discard_reservation(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei = EXT2_I(inode);
+	struct ext2_block_alloc_info *block_i = ei->i_block_alloc_info;
+	struct ext2_reserve_window_node *rsv;
+	spinlock_t *rsv_lock = &EXT2_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_rsv_window_lock;
+
+	if (!block_i)
+		return;
+
+	rsv = &block_i->rsv_window_node;
+	if (!rsv_is_empty(&rsv->rsv_window)) {
+		spin_lock(rsv_lock);
+		if (!rsv_is_empty(&rsv->rsv_window))
+			rsv_window_remove(inode->i_sb, rsv);
+		spin_unlock(rsv_lock);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * ext2_free_blocks() -- Free given blocks and update quota and i_blocks
+ * @inode:		inode
+ * @block:		start physical block to free
+ * @count:		number of blocks to free
+ */
+void ext2_free_blocks(struct inode * inode, ext2_fsblk_t block,
+		      unsigned long count)
+{
+	struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh = NULL;
+	struct buffer_head * bh2;
+	unsigned long block_group;
+	unsigned long bit;
+	unsigned long i;
+	unsigned long overflow;
+	struct super_block * sb = inode->i_sb;
+	struct ext2_sb_info * sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+	struct ext2_group_desc * desc;
+	struct ext2_super_block * es = sbi->s_es;
+	unsigned freed = 0, group_freed;
+
+	if (!ext2_data_block_valid(sbi, block, count)) {
+		ext2_error (sb, "ext2_free_blocks",
+			    "Freeing blocks not in datazone - "
+			    "block = %lu, count = %lu", block, count);
+		goto error_return;
+	}
+
+	ext2_debug ("freeing block(s) %lu-%lu\n", block, block + count - 1);
+
+do_more:
+	overflow = 0;
+	block_group = (block - le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_data_block)) /
+		      EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb);
+	bit = (block - le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_data_block)) %
+		      EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb);
+	/*
+	 * Check to see if we are freeing blocks across a group
+	 * boundary.
+	 */
+	if (bit + count > EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb)) {
+		overflow = bit + count - EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb);
+		count -= overflow;
+	}
+	brelse(bitmap_bh);
+	bitmap_bh = read_block_bitmap(sb, block_group);
+	if (!bitmap_bh)
+		goto error_return;
+
+	desc = ext2_get_group_desc (sb, block_group, &bh2);
+	if (!desc)
+		goto error_return;
+
+	if (in_range (le32_to_cpu(desc->bg_block_bitmap), block, count) ||
+	    in_range (le32_to_cpu(desc->bg_inode_bitmap), block, count) ||
+	    in_range (block, le32_to_cpu(desc->bg_inode_table),
+		      sbi->s_itb_per_group) ||
+	    in_range (block + count - 1, le32_to_cpu(desc->bg_inode_table),
+		      sbi->s_itb_per_group)) {
+		ext2_error (sb, "ext2_free_blocks",
+			    "Freeing blocks in system zones - "
+			    "Block = %lu, count = %lu",
+			    block, count);
+		goto error_return;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0, group_freed = 0; i < count; i++) {
+		if (!ext2_clear_bit_atomic(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, block_group),
+						bit + i, bitmap_bh->b_data)) {
+			ext2_error(sb, __func__,
+				"bit already cleared for block %lu", block + i);
+		} else {
+			group_freed++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	mark_buffer_dirty(bitmap_bh);
+	if (sb->s_flags & SB_SYNCHRONOUS)
+		sync_dirty_buffer(bitmap_bh);
+
+	group_adjust_blocks(sb, block_group, desc, bh2, group_freed);
+	freed += group_freed;
+
+	if (overflow) {
+		block += count;
+		count = overflow;
+		goto do_more;
+	}
+error_return:
+	brelse(bitmap_bh);
+	if (freed) {
+		percpu_counter_add(&sbi->s_freeblocks_counter, freed);
+		dquot_free_block_nodirty(inode, freed);
+		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * bitmap_search_next_usable_block()
+ * @start:		the starting block (group relative) of the search
+ * @bh:			bufferhead contains the block group bitmap
+ * @maxblocks:		the ending block (group relative) of the reservation
+ *
+ * The bitmap search --- search forward through the actual bitmap on disk until
+ * we find a bit free.
+ */
+static ext2_grpblk_t
+bitmap_search_next_usable_block(ext2_grpblk_t start, struct buffer_head *bh,
+					ext2_grpblk_t maxblocks)
+{
+	ext2_grpblk_t next;
+
+	next = ext2_find_next_zero_bit(bh->b_data, maxblocks, start);
+	if (next >= maxblocks)
+		return -1;
+	return next;
+}
+
+/**
+ * find_next_usable_block()
+ * @start:		the starting block (group relative) to find next
+ * 			allocatable block in bitmap.
+ * @bh:			bufferhead contains the block group bitmap
+ * @maxblocks:		the ending block (group relative) for the search
+ *
+ * Find an allocatable block in a bitmap.  We perform the "most
+ * appropriate allocation" algorithm of looking for a free block near
+ * the initial goal; then for a free byte somewhere in the bitmap;
+ * then for any free bit in the bitmap.
+ */
+static ext2_grpblk_t
+find_next_usable_block(int start, struct buffer_head *bh, int maxblocks)
+{
+	ext2_grpblk_t here, next;
+	char *p, *r;
+
+	if (start > 0) {
+		/*
+		 * The goal was occupied; search forward for a free 
+		 * block within the next XX blocks.
+		 *
+		 * end_goal is more or less random, but it has to be
+		 * less than EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP. Aligning up to the
+		 * next 64-bit boundary is simple..
+		 */
+		ext2_grpblk_t end_goal = (start + 63) & ~63;
+		if (end_goal > maxblocks)
+			end_goal = maxblocks;
+		here = ext2_find_next_zero_bit(bh->b_data, end_goal, start);
+		if (here < end_goal)
+			return here;
+		ext2_debug("Bit not found near goal\n");
+	}
+
+	here = start;
+	if (here < 0)
+		here = 0;
+
+	p = ((char *)bh->b_data) + (here >> 3);
+	r = memscan(p, 0, ((maxblocks + 7) >> 3) - (here >> 3));
+	next = (r - ((char *)bh->b_data)) << 3;
+
+	if (next < maxblocks && next >= here)
+		return next;
+
+	here = bitmap_search_next_usable_block(here, bh, maxblocks);
+	return here;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ext2_try_to_allocate()
+ * @sb:			superblock
+ * @group:		given allocation block group
+ * @bitmap_bh:		bufferhead holds the block bitmap
+ * @grp_goal:		given target block within the group
+ * @count:		target number of blocks to allocate
+ * @my_rsv:		reservation window
+ *
+ * Attempt to allocate blocks within a give range. Set the range of allocation
+ * first, then find the first free bit(s) from the bitmap (within the range),
+ * and at last, allocate the blocks by claiming the found free bit as allocated.
+ *
+ * To set the range of this allocation:
+ * 	if there is a reservation window, only try to allocate block(s)
+ * 	from the file's own reservation window;
+ * 	Otherwise, the allocation range starts from the give goal block,
+ * 	ends at the block group's last block.
+ *
+ * If we failed to allocate the desired block then we may end up crossing to a
+ * new bitmap.
+ */
+static int
+ext2_try_to_allocate(struct super_block *sb, int group,
+			struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh, ext2_grpblk_t grp_goal,
+			unsigned long *count,
+			struct ext2_reserve_window *my_rsv)
+{
+	ext2_fsblk_t group_first_block = ext2_group_first_block_no(sb, group);
+	ext2_fsblk_t group_last_block = ext2_group_last_block_no(sb, group);
+	ext2_grpblk_t start, end;
+	unsigned long num = 0;
+
+	start = 0;
+	end = group_last_block - group_first_block + 1;
+	/* we do allocation within the reservation window if we have a window */
+	if (my_rsv) {
+		if (my_rsv->_rsv_start >= group_first_block)
+			start = my_rsv->_rsv_start - group_first_block;
+		if (my_rsv->_rsv_end < group_last_block)
+			end = my_rsv->_rsv_end - group_first_block + 1;
+		if (grp_goal < start || grp_goal >= end)
+			grp_goal = -1;
+	}
+	BUG_ON(start > EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb));
+
+	if (grp_goal < 0) {
+		grp_goal = find_next_usable_block(start, bitmap_bh, end);
+		if (grp_goal < 0)
+			goto fail_access;
+		if (!my_rsv) {
+			int i;
+
+			for (i = 0; i < 7 && grp_goal > start &&
+					!ext2_test_bit(grp_goal - 1,
+					     		bitmap_bh->b_data);
+			     		i++, grp_goal--)
+				;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (; num < *count && grp_goal < end; grp_goal++) {
+		if (ext2_set_bit_atomic(sb_bgl_lock(EXT2_SB(sb), group),
+					grp_goal, bitmap_bh->b_data)) {
+			if (num == 0)
+				continue;
+			break;
+		}
+		num++;
+	}
+
+	if (num == 0)
+		goto fail_access;
+
+	*count = num;
+	return grp_goal - num;
+fail_access:
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * find_next_reservable_window - Find a reservable space within the given range.
+ * @search_head: The list to search.
+ * @my_rsv: The reservation we're currently using.
+ * @sb: The super block.
+ * @start_block: The first block we consider to start the real search from
+ * @last_block: The maximum block number that our goal reservable space
+ *	could start from.
+ *
+ * It does not allocate the reservation window: alloc_new_reservation()
+ * will do the work later.
+ *
+ * We search the given range, rather than the whole reservation double
+ * linked list, (start_block, last_block) to find a free region that is
+ * of my size and has not been reserved.
+ *
+ * @search_head is not necessarily the list head of the whole filesystem.
+ * We have both head and @start_block to assist the search for the
+ * reservable space. The list starts from head, but we will shift to
+ * the place where start_block is, then start from there, when looking
+ * for a reservable space.
+ *
+ * @last_block is normally the last block in this group. The search will end
+ * when we found the start of next possible reservable space is out
+ * of this boundary.  This could handle the cross boundary reservation
+ * window request.
+ *
+ * Return: -1 if we could not find a range of sufficient size.  If we could,
+ * return 0 and fill in @my_rsv with the range information.
+ */
+static int find_next_reservable_window(
+				struct ext2_reserve_window_node *search_head,
+				struct ext2_reserve_window_node *my_rsv,
+				struct super_block * sb,
+				ext2_fsblk_t start_block,
+				ext2_fsblk_t last_block)
+{
+	struct rb_node *next;
+	struct ext2_reserve_window_node *rsv, *prev;
+	ext2_fsblk_t cur;
+	int size = my_rsv->rsv_goal_size;
+
+	/* TODO: make the start of the reservation window byte-aligned */
+	/* cur = *start_block & ~7;*/
+	cur = start_block;
+	rsv = search_head;
+	if (!rsv)
+		return -1;
+
+	while (1) {
+		if (cur <= rsv->rsv_end)
+			cur = rsv->rsv_end + 1;
+
+		/* TODO?
+		 * in the case we could not find a reservable space
+		 * that is what is expected, during the re-search, we could
+		 * remember what's the largest reservable space we could have
+		 * and return that one.
+		 *
+		 * For now it will fail if we could not find the reservable
+		 * space with expected-size (or more)...
+		 */
+		if (cur > last_block)
+			return -1;		/* fail */
+
+		prev = rsv;
+		next = rb_next(&rsv->rsv_node);
+		rsv = rb_entry(next,struct ext2_reserve_window_node,rsv_node);
+
+		/*
+		 * Reached the last reservation, we can just append to the
+		 * previous one.
+		 */
+		if (!next)
+			break;
+
+		if (cur + size <= rsv->rsv_start) {
+			/*
+			 * Found a reserveable space big enough.  We could
+			 * have a reservation across the group boundary here
+		 	 */
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	/*
+	 * we come here either :
+	 * when we reach the end of the whole list,
+	 * and there is empty reservable space after last entry in the list.
+	 * append it to the end of the list.
+	 *
+	 * or we found one reservable space in the middle of the list,
+	 * return the reservation window that we could append to.
+	 * succeed.
+	 */
+
+	if ((prev != my_rsv) && (!rsv_is_empty(&my_rsv->rsv_window)))
+		rsv_window_remove(sb, my_rsv);
+
+	/*
+	 * Let's book the whole available window for now.  We will check the
+	 * disk bitmap later and then, if there are free blocks then we adjust
+	 * the window size if it's larger than requested.
+	 * Otherwise, we will remove this node from the tree next time
+	 * call find_next_reservable_window.
+	 */
+	my_rsv->rsv_start = cur;
+	my_rsv->rsv_end = cur + size - 1;
+	my_rsv->rsv_alloc_hit = 0;
+
+	if (prev != my_rsv)
+		ext2_rsv_window_add(sb, my_rsv);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * alloc_new_reservation - Allocate a new reservation window.
+ * @my_rsv: The reservation we're currently using.
+ * @grp_goal: The goal block relative to the start of the group.
+ * @sb: The super block.
+ * @group: The group we are trying to allocate in.
+ * @bitmap_bh: The block group block bitmap.
+ *
+ * To make a new reservation, we search part of the filesystem reservation
+ * list (the list inside the group). We try to allocate a new
+ * reservation window near @grp_goal, or the beginning of the
+ * group, if @grp_goal is negative.
+ *
+ * We first find a reservable space after the goal, then from there,
+ * we check the bitmap for the first free block after it. If there is
+ * no free block until the end of group, then the whole group is full,
+ * we failed. Otherwise, check if the free block is inside the expected
+ * reservable space, if so, we succeed.
+ *
+ * If the first free block is outside the reservable space, then start
+ * from the first free block, we search for next available space, and
+ * go on.
+ *
+ * on succeed, a new reservation will be found and inserted into the
+ * list. It contains at least one free block, and it does not overlap
+ * with other reservation windows.
+ *
+ * Return: 0 on success, -1 if we failed to find a reservation window
+ * in this group
+ */
+static int alloc_new_reservation(struct ext2_reserve_window_node *my_rsv,
+		ext2_grpblk_t grp_goal, struct super_block *sb,
+		unsigned int group, struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh)
+{
+	struct ext2_reserve_window_node *search_head;
+	ext2_fsblk_t group_first_block, group_end_block, start_block;
+	ext2_grpblk_t first_free_block;
+	struct rb_root *fs_rsv_root = &EXT2_SB(sb)->s_rsv_window_root;
+	unsigned long size;
+	int ret;
+	spinlock_t *rsv_lock = &EXT2_SB(sb)->s_rsv_window_lock;
+
+	group_first_block = ext2_group_first_block_no(sb, group);
+	group_end_block = ext2_group_last_block_no(sb, group);
+
+	if (grp_goal < 0)
+		start_block = group_first_block;
+	else
+		start_block = grp_goal + group_first_block;
+
+	size = my_rsv->rsv_goal_size;
+
+	if (!rsv_is_empty(&my_rsv->rsv_window)) {
+		/*
+		 * if the old reservation is cross group boundary
+		 * and if the goal is inside the old reservation window,
+		 * we will come here when we just failed to allocate from
+		 * the first part of the window. We still have another part
+		 * that belongs to the next group. In this case, there is no
+		 * point to discard our window and try to allocate a new one
+		 * in this group(which will fail). we should
+		 * keep the reservation window, just simply move on.
+		 *
+		 * Maybe we could shift the start block of the reservation
+		 * window to the first block of next group.
+		 */
+
+		if ((my_rsv->rsv_start <= group_end_block) &&
+				(my_rsv->rsv_end > group_end_block) &&
+				(start_block >= my_rsv->rsv_start))
+			return -1;
+
+		if ((my_rsv->rsv_alloc_hit >
+		     (my_rsv->rsv_end - my_rsv->rsv_start + 1) / 2)) {
+			/*
+			 * if the previously allocation hit ratio is
+			 * greater than 1/2, then we double the size of
+			 * the reservation window the next time,
+			 * otherwise we keep the same size window
+			 */
+			size = size * 2;
+			if (size > EXT2_MAX_RESERVE_BLOCKS)
+				size = EXT2_MAX_RESERVE_BLOCKS;
+			my_rsv->rsv_goal_size= size;
+		}
+	}
+
+	spin_lock(rsv_lock);
+	/*
+	 * shift the search start to the window near the goal block
+	 */
+	search_head = search_reserve_window(fs_rsv_root, start_block);
+
+	/*
+	 * find_next_reservable_window() simply finds a reservable window
+	 * inside the given range(start_block, group_end_block).
+	 *
+	 * To make sure the reservation window has a free bit inside it, we
+	 * need to check the bitmap after we found a reservable window.
+	 */
+retry:
+	ret = find_next_reservable_window(search_head, my_rsv, sb,
+						start_block, group_end_block);
+
+	if (ret == -1) {
+		if (!rsv_is_empty(&my_rsv->rsv_window))
+			rsv_window_remove(sb, my_rsv);
+		spin_unlock(rsv_lock);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * On success, find_next_reservable_window() returns the
+	 * reservation window where there is a reservable space after it.
+	 * Before we reserve this reservable space, we need
+	 * to make sure there is at least a free block inside this region.
+	 *
+	 * Search the first free bit on the block bitmap.  Search starts from
+	 * the start block of the reservable space we just found.
+	 */
+	spin_unlock(rsv_lock);
+	first_free_block = bitmap_search_next_usable_block(
+			my_rsv->rsv_start - group_first_block,
+			bitmap_bh, group_end_block - group_first_block + 1);
+
+	if (first_free_block < 0) {
+		/*
+		 * no free block left on the bitmap, no point
+		 * to reserve the space. return failed.
+		 */
+		spin_lock(rsv_lock);
+		if (!rsv_is_empty(&my_rsv->rsv_window))
+			rsv_window_remove(sb, my_rsv);
+		spin_unlock(rsv_lock);
+		return -1;		/* failed */
+	}
+
+	start_block = first_free_block + group_first_block;
+	/*
+	 * check if the first free block is within the
+	 * free space we just reserved
+	 */
+	if (start_block >= my_rsv->rsv_start && start_block <= my_rsv->rsv_end)
+		return 0;		/* success */
+	/*
+	 * if the first free bit we found is out of the reservable space
+	 * continue search for next reservable space,
+	 * start from where the free block is,
+	 * we also shift the list head to where we stopped last time
+	 */
+	search_head = my_rsv;
+	spin_lock(rsv_lock);
+	goto retry;
+}
+
+/**
+ * try_to_extend_reservation()
+ * @my_rsv:		given reservation window
+ * @sb:			super block
+ * @size:		the delta to extend
+ *
+ * Attempt to expand the reservation window large enough to have
+ * required number of free blocks
+ *
+ * Since ext2_try_to_allocate() will always allocate blocks within
+ * the reservation window range, if the window size is too small,
+ * multiple blocks allocation has to stop at the end of the reservation
+ * window. To make this more efficient, given the total number of
+ * blocks needed and the current size of the window, we try to
+ * expand the reservation window size if necessary on a best-effort
+ * basis before ext2_new_blocks() tries to allocate blocks.
+ */
+static void try_to_extend_reservation(struct ext2_reserve_window_node *my_rsv,
+			struct super_block *sb, int size)
+{
+	struct ext2_reserve_window_node *next_rsv;
+	struct rb_node *next;
+	spinlock_t *rsv_lock = &EXT2_SB(sb)->s_rsv_window_lock;
+
+	if (!spin_trylock(rsv_lock))
+		return;
+
+	next = rb_next(&my_rsv->rsv_node);
+
+	if (!next)
+		my_rsv->rsv_end += size;
+	else {
+		next_rsv = rb_entry(next, struct ext2_reserve_window_node, rsv_node);
+
+		if ((next_rsv->rsv_start - my_rsv->rsv_end - 1) >= size)
+			my_rsv->rsv_end += size;
+		else
+			my_rsv->rsv_end = next_rsv->rsv_start - 1;
+	}
+	spin_unlock(rsv_lock);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ext2_try_to_allocate_with_rsv()
+ * @sb:			superblock
+ * @group:		given allocation block group
+ * @bitmap_bh:		bufferhead holds the block bitmap
+ * @grp_goal:		given target block within the group
+ * @count:		target number of blocks to allocate
+ * @my_rsv:		reservation window
+ *
+ * This is the main function used to allocate a new block and its reservation
+ * window.
+ *
+ * Each time when a new block allocation is need, first try to allocate from
+ * its own reservation.  If it does not have a reservation window, instead of
+ * looking for a free bit on bitmap first, then look up the reservation list to
+ * see if it is inside somebody else's reservation window, we try to allocate a
+ * reservation window for it starting from the goal first. Then do the block
+ * allocation within the reservation window.
+ *
+ * This will avoid keeping on searching the reservation list again and
+ * again when somebody is looking for a free block (without
+ * reservation), and there are lots of free blocks, but they are all
+ * being reserved.
+ *
+ * We use a red-black tree for the per-filesystem reservation list.
+ */
+static ext2_grpblk_t
+ext2_try_to_allocate_with_rsv(struct super_block *sb, unsigned int group,
+			struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh, ext2_grpblk_t grp_goal,
+			struct ext2_reserve_window_node * my_rsv,
+			unsigned long *count)
+{
+	ext2_fsblk_t group_first_block, group_last_block;
+	ext2_grpblk_t ret = 0;
+	unsigned long num = *count;
+
+	/*
+	 * we don't deal with reservation when
+	 * filesystem is mounted without reservation
+	 * or the file is not a regular file
+	 * or last attempt to allocate a block with reservation turned on failed
+	 */
+	if (my_rsv == NULL) {
+		return ext2_try_to_allocate(sb, group, bitmap_bh,
+						grp_goal, count, NULL);
+	}
+	/*
+	 * grp_goal is a group relative block number (if there is a goal)
+	 * 0 <= grp_goal < EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb)
+	 * first block is a filesystem wide block number
+	 * first block is the block number of the first block in this group
+	 */
+	group_first_block = ext2_group_first_block_no(sb, group);
+	group_last_block = ext2_group_last_block_no(sb, group);
+
+	/*
+	 * Basically we will allocate a new block from inode's reservation
+	 * window.
+	 *
+	 * We need to allocate a new reservation window, if:
+	 * a) inode does not have a reservation window; or
+	 * b) last attempt to allocate a block from existing reservation
+	 *    failed; or
+	 * c) we come here with a goal and with a reservation window
+	 *
+	 * We do not need to allocate a new reservation window if we come here
+	 * at the beginning with a goal and the goal is inside the window, or
+	 * we don't have a goal but already have a reservation window.
+	 * then we could go to allocate from the reservation window directly.
+	 */
+	while (1) {
+		if (rsv_is_empty(&my_rsv->rsv_window) || (ret < 0) ||
+			!goal_in_my_reservation(&my_rsv->rsv_window,
+						grp_goal, group, sb)) {
+			if (my_rsv->rsv_goal_size < *count)
+				my_rsv->rsv_goal_size = *count;
+			ret = alloc_new_reservation(my_rsv, grp_goal, sb,
+							group, bitmap_bh);
+			if (ret < 0)
+				break;			/* failed */
+
+			if (!goal_in_my_reservation(&my_rsv->rsv_window,
+							grp_goal, group, sb))
+				grp_goal = -1;
+		} else if (grp_goal >= 0) {
+			int curr = my_rsv->rsv_end -
+					(grp_goal + group_first_block) + 1;
+
+			if (curr < *count)
+				try_to_extend_reservation(my_rsv, sb,
+							*count - curr);
+		}
+
+		if ((my_rsv->rsv_start > group_last_block) ||
+				(my_rsv->rsv_end < group_first_block)) {
+			ext2_error(sb, __func__,
+				   "Reservation out of group %u range goal %d fsb[%lu,%lu] rsv[%lu, %lu]",
+				   group, grp_goal, group_first_block,
+				   group_last_block, my_rsv->rsv_start,
+				   my_rsv->rsv_end);
+			rsv_window_dump(&EXT2_SB(sb)->s_rsv_window_root, 1);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		ret = ext2_try_to_allocate(sb, group, bitmap_bh, grp_goal,
+					   &num, &my_rsv->rsv_window);
+		if (ret >= 0) {
+			my_rsv->rsv_alloc_hit += num;
+			*count = num;
+			break;				/* succeed */
+		}
+		num = *count;
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ext2_has_free_blocks()
+ * @sbi:		in-core super block structure.
+ *
+ * Check if filesystem has at least 1 free block available for allocation.
+ */
+static int ext2_has_free_blocks(struct ext2_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	ext2_fsblk_t free_blocks, root_blocks;
+
+	free_blocks = percpu_counter_read_positive(&sbi->s_freeblocks_counter);
+	root_blocks = le32_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_r_blocks_count);
+	if (free_blocks < root_blocks + 1 && !capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) &&
+		!uid_eq(sbi->s_resuid, current_fsuid()) &&
+		(gid_eq(sbi->s_resgid, GLOBAL_ROOT_GID) ||
+		 !in_group_p (sbi->s_resgid))) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns 1 if the passed-in block region is valid; 0 if some part overlaps
+ * with filesystem metadata blocks.
+ */
+int ext2_data_block_valid(struct ext2_sb_info *sbi, ext2_fsblk_t start_blk,
+			  unsigned int count)
+{
+	if ((start_blk <= le32_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_first_data_block)) ||
+	    (start_blk + count - 1 < start_blk) ||
+	    (start_blk + count - 1 >= le32_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_blocks_count)))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Ensure we do not step over superblock */
+	if ((start_blk <= sbi->s_sb_block) &&
+	    (start_blk + count - 1 >= sbi->s_sb_block))
+		return 0;
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ext2_new_blocks() -- core block(s) allocation function
+ * @inode:		file inode
+ * @goal:		given target block(filesystem wide)
+ * @count:		target number of blocks to allocate
+ * @errp:		error code
+ * @flags:		allocate flags
+ *
+ * ext2_new_blocks uses a goal block to assist allocation.  If the goal is
+ * free, or there is a free block within 32 blocks of the goal, that block
+ * is allocated.  Otherwise a forward search is made for a free block; within 
+ * each block group the search first looks for an entire free byte in the block
+ * bitmap, and then for any free bit if that fails.
+ * This function also updates quota and i_blocks field.
+ */
+ext2_fsblk_t ext2_new_blocks(struct inode *inode, ext2_fsblk_t goal,
+		    unsigned long *count, int *errp, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh = NULL;
+	struct buffer_head *gdp_bh;
+	int group_no;
+	int goal_group;
+	ext2_grpblk_t grp_target_blk;	/* blockgroup relative goal block */
+	ext2_grpblk_t grp_alloc_blk;	/* blockgroup-relative allocated block*/
+	ext2_fsblk_t ret_block;		/* filesyetem-wide allocated block */
+	int bgi;			/* blockgroup iteration index */
+	int performed_allocation = 0;
+	ext2_grpblk_t free_blocks;	/* number of free blocks in a group */
+	struct super_block *sb;
+	struct ext2_group_desc *gdp;
+	struct ext2_super_block *es;
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi;
+	struct ext2_reserve_window_node *my_rsv = NULL;
+	struct ext2_block_alloc_info *block_i;
+	unsigned short windowsz = 0;
+	unsigned long ngroups;
+	unsigned long num = *count;
+	int ret;
+
+	*errp = -ENOSPC;
+	sb = inode->i_sb;
+
+	/*
+	 * Check quota for allocation of this block.
+	 */
+	ret = dquot_alloc_block(inode, num);
+	if (ret) {
+		*errp = ret;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+	es = EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es;
+	ext2_debug("goal=%lu.\n", goal);
+	/*
+	 * Allocate a block from reservation only when the filesystem is
+	 * mounted with reservation(default,-o reservation), and it's a regular
+	 * file, and the desired window size is greater than 0 (One could use
+	 * ioctl command EXT2_IOC_SETRSVSZ to set the window size to 0 to turn
+	 * off reservation on that particular file). Also do not use the
+	 * reservation window if the caller asked us not to do it.
+	 */
+	block_i = EXT2_I(inode)->i_block_alloc_info;
+	if (!(flags & EXT2_ALLOC_NORESERVE) && block_i) {
+		windowsz = block_i->rsv_window_node.rsv_goal_size;
+		if (windowsz > 0)
+			my_rsv = &block_i->rsv_window_node;
+	}
+
+	if (!ext2_has_free_blocks(sbi)) {
+		*errp = -ENOSPC;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * First, test whether the goal block is free.
+	 */
+	if (goal < le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_data_block) ||
+	    goal >= le32_to_cpu(es->s_blocks_count))
+		goal = le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_data_block);
+	group_no = (goal - le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_data_block)) /
+			EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb);
+	goal_group = group_no;
+retry_alloc:
+	gdp = ext2_get_group_desc(sb, group_no, &gdp_bh);
+	if (!gdp)
+		goto io_error;
+
+	free_blocks = le16_to_cpu(gdp->bg_free_blocks_count);
+	/*
+	 * if there is not enough free blocks to make a new resevation
+	 * turn off reservation for this allocation
+	 */
+	if (my_rsv && (free_blocks < windowsz)
+		&& (free_blocks > 0)
+		&& (rsv_is_empty(&my_rsv->rsv_window)))
+		my_rsv = NULL;
+
+	if (free_blocks > 0) {
+		grp_target_blk = ((goal - le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_data_block)) %
+				EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb));
+		/*
+		 * In case we retry allocation (due to fs reservation not
+		 * working out or fs corruption), the bitmap_bh is non-null
+		 * pointer and we have to release it before calling
+		 * read_block_bitmap().
+		 */
+		brelse(bitmap_bh);
+		bitmap_bh = read_block_bitmap(sb, group_no);
+		if (!bitmap_bh)
+			goto io_error;
+		grp_alloc_blk = ext2_try_to_allocate_with_rsv(sb, group_no,
+					bitmap_bh, grp_target_blk,
+					my_rsv, &num);
+		if (grp_alloc_blk >= 0)
+			goto allocated;
+	}
+
+	ngroups = EXT2_SB(sb)->s_groups_count;
+	smp_rmb();
+
+	/*
+	 * Now search the rest of the groups.  We assume that
+	 * group_no and gdp correctly point to the last group visited.
+	 */
+	for (bgi = 0; bgi < ngroups; bgi++) {
+		group_no++;
+		if (group_no >= ngroups)
+			group_no = 0;
+		gdp = ext2_get_group_desc(sb, group_no, &gdp_bh);
+		if (!gdp)
+			goto io_error;
+
+		free_blocks = le16_to_cpu(gdp->bg_free_blocks_count);
+		/*
+		 * skip this group (and avoid loading bitmap) if there
+		 * are no free blocks
+		 */
+		if (!free_blocks)
+			continue;
+		/*
+		 * skip this group if the number of
+		 * free blocks is less than half of the reservation
+		 * window size.
+		 */
+		if (my_rsv && (free_blocks <= (windowsz/2)))
+			continue;
+
+		brelse(bitmap_bh);
+		bitmap_bh = read_block_bitmap(sb, group_no);
+		if (!bitmap_bh)
+			goto io_error;
+		/*
+		 * try to allocate block(s) from this group, without a goal(-1).
+		 */
+		grp_alloc_blk = ext2_try_to_allocate_with_rsv(sb, group_no,
+					bitmap_bh, -1, my_rsv, &num);
+		if (grp_alloc_blk >= 0)
+			goto allocated;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * We may end up a bogus earlier ENOSPC error due to
+	 * filesystem is "full" of reservations, but
+	 * there maybe indeed free blocks available on disk
+	 * In this case, we just forget about the reservations
+	 * just do block allocation as without reservations.
+	 */
+	if (my_rsv) {
+		my_rsv = NULL;
+		windowsz = 0;
+		group_no = goal_group;
+		goto retry_alloc;
+	}
+	/* No space left on the device */
+	*errp = -ENOSPC;
+	goto out;
+
+allocated:
+
+	ext2_debug("using block group %d(%d)\n",
+			group_no, gdp->bg_free_blocks_count);
+
+	ret_block = grp_alloc_blk + ext2_group_first_block_no(sb, group_no);
+
+	if (in_range(le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_block_bitmap), ret_block, num) ||
+	    in_range(le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_inode_bitmap), ret_block, num) ||
+	    in_range(ret_block, le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_inode_table),
+		      EXT2_SB(sb)->s_itb_per_group) ||
+	    in_range(ret_block + num - 1, le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_inode_table),
+		      EXT2_SB(sb)->s_itb_per_group)) {
+		ext2_error(sb, "ext2_new_blocks",
+			    "Allocating block in system zone - "
+			    "blocks from "E2FSBLK", length %lu",
+			    ret_block, num);
+		/*
+		 * ext2_try_to_allocate marked the blocks we allocated as in
+		 * use.  So we may want to selectively mark some of the blocks
+		 * as free
+		 */
+		num = *count;
+		goto retry_alloc;
+	}
+
+	performed_allocation = 1;
+
+	if (ret_block + num - 1 >= le32_to_cpu(es->s_blocks_count)) {
+		ext2_error(sb, "ext2_new_blocks",
+			    "block("E2FSBLK") >= blocks count(%d) - "
+			    "block_group = %d, es == %p ", ret_block,
+			le32_to_cpu(es->s_blocks_count), group_no, es);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	group_adjust_blocks(sb, group_no, gdp, gdp_bh, -num);
+	percpu_counter_sub(&sbi->s_freeblocks_counter, num);
+
+	mark_buffer_dirty(bitmap_bh);
+	if (sb->s_flags & SB_SYNCHRONOUS)
+		sync_dirty_buffer(bitmap_bh);
+
+	*errp = 0;
+	brelse(bitmap_bh);
+	if (num < *count) {
+		dquot_free_block_nodirty(inode, *count-num);
+		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+		*count = num;
+	}
+	return ret_block;
+
+io_error:
+	*errp = -EIO;
+out:
+	/*
+	 * Undo the block allocation
+	 */
+	if (!performed_allocation) {
+		dquot_free_block_nodirty(inode, *count);
+		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+	}
+	brelse(bitmap_bh);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef EXT2FS_DEBUG
+
+unsigned long ext2_count_free(struct buffer_head *map, unsigned int numchars)
+{
+	return numchars * BITS_PER_BYTE - memweight(map->b_data, numchars);
+}
+
+#endif  /*  EXT2FS_DEBUG  */
+
+unsigned long ext2_count_free_blocks (struct super_block * sb)
+{
+	struct ext2_group_desc * desc;
+	unsigned long desc_count = 0;
+	int i;
+#ifdef EXT2FS_DEBUG
+	unsigned long bitmap_count, x;
+	struct ext2_super_block *es;
+
+	es = EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es;
+	desc_count = 0;
+	bitmap_count = 0;
+	desc = NULL;
+	for (i = 0; i < EXT2_SB(sb)->s_groups_count; i++) {
+		struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh;
+		desc = ext2_get_group_desc (sb, i, NULL);
+		if (!desc)
+			continue;
+		desc_count += le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_blocks_count);
+		bitmap_bh = read_block_bitmap(sb, i);
+		if (!bitmap_bh)
+			continue;
+		
+		x = ext2_count_free(bitmap_bh, sb->s_blocksize);
+		printk ("group %d: stored = %d, counted = %lu\n",
+			i, le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_blocks_count), x);
+		bitmap_count += x;
+		brelse(bitmap_bh);
+	}
+	printk("ext2_count_free_blocks: stored = %lu, computed = %lu, %lu\n",
+		(long)le32_to_cpu(es->s_free_blocks_count),
+		desc_count, bitmap_count);
+	return bitmap_count;
+#else
+	for (i = 0; i < EXT2_SB(sb)->s_groups_count; i++) {
+		desc = ext2_get_group_desc(sb, i, NULL);
+		if (!desc)
+			continue;
+		desc_count += le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_blocks_count);
+	}
+	return desc_count;
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline int test_root(int a, int b)
+{
+	int num = b;
+
+	while (a > num)
+		num *= b;
+	return num == a;
+}
+
+static int ext2_group_sparse(int group)
+{
+	if (group <= 1)
+		return 1;
+	return (test_root(group, 3) || test_root(group, 5) ||
+		test_root(group, 7));
+}
+
+/**
+ *	ext2_bg_has_super - number of blocks used by the superblock in group
+ *	@sb: superblock for filesystem
+ *	@group: group number to check
+ *
+ *	Return the number of blocks used by the superblock (primary or backup)
+ *	in this group.  Currently this will be only 0 or 1.
+ */
+int ext2_bg_has_super(struct super_block *sb, int group)
+{
+	if (EXT2_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb,EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER)&&
+	    !ext2_group_sparse(group))
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ *	ext2_bg_num_gdb - number of blocks used by the group table in group
+ *	@sb: superblock for filesystem
+ *	@group: group number to check
+ *
+ *	Return the number of blocks used by the group descriptor table
+ *	(primary or backup) in this group.  In the future there may be a
+ *	different number of descriptor blocks in each group.
+ */
+unsigned long ext2_bg_num_gdb(struct super_block *sb, int group)
+{
+	return ext2_bg_has_super(sb, group) ? EXT2_SB(sb)->s_gdb_count : 0;
+}
+
diff --git a/fs/ext2/dir.c b/fs/ext2/dir.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e17bbc759
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/dir.c
@@ -0,0 +1,739 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ *  linux/fs/ext2/dir.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
+ * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
+ * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
+ * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
+ *
+ *  from
+ *
+ *  linux/fs/minix/dir.c
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
+ *
+ *  ext2 directory handling functions
+ *
+ *  Big-endian to little-endian byte-swapping/bitmaps by
+ *        David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu), 1995
+ *
+ * All code that works with directory layout had been switched to pagecache
+ * and moved here. AV
+ */
+
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/filelock.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/swap.h>
+#include <linux/iversion.h>
+
+typedef struct ext2_dir_entry_2 ext2_dirent;
+
+/*
+ * Tests against MAX_REC_LEN etc were put in place for 64k block
+ * sizes; if that is not possible on this arch, we can skip
+ * those tests and speed things up.
+ */
+static inline unsigned ext2_rec_len_from_disk(__le16 dlen)
+{
+	unsigned len = le16_to_cpu(dlen);
+
+#if (PAGE_SIZE >= 65536)
+	if (len == EXT2_MAX_REC_LEN)
+		return 1 << 16;
+#endif
+	return len;
+}
+
+static inline __le16 ext2_rec_len_to_disk(unsigned len)
+{
+#if (PAGE_SIZE >= 65536)
+	if (len == (1 << 16))
+		return cpu_to_le16(EXT2_MAX_REC_LEN);
+	else
+		BUG_ON(len > (1 << 16));
+#endif
+	return cpu_to_le16(len);
+}
+
+/*
+ * ext2 uses block-sized chunks. Arguably, sector-sized ones would be
+ * more robust, but we have what we have
+ */
+static inline unsigned ext2_chunk_size(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	return inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the offset into page `page_nr' of the last valid
+ * byte in that page, plus one.
+ */
+static unsigned
+ext2_last_byte(struct inode *inode, unsigned long page_nr)
+{
+	unsigned last_byte = inode->i_size;
+
+	last_byte -= page_nr << PAGE_SHIFT;
+	if (last_byte > PAGE_SIZE)
+		last_byte = PAGE_SIZE;
+	return last_byte;
+}
+
+static void ext2_commit_chunk(struct folio *folio, loff_t pos, unsigned len)
+{
+	struct address_space *mapping = folio->mapping;
+	struct inode *dir = mapping->host;
+
+	inode_inc_iversion(dir);
+	block_write_end(pos, len, len, folio);
+
+	if (pos+len > dir->i_size) {
+		i_size_write(dir, pos+len);
+		mark_inode_dirty(dir);
+	}
+	folio_unlock(folio);
+}
+
+static bool ext2_check_folio(struct folio *folio, int quiet, char *kaddr)
+{
+	struct inode *dir = folio->mapping->host;
+	struct super_block *sb = dir->i_sb;
+	unsigned chunk_size = ext2_chunk_size(dir);
+	u32 max_inumber = le32_to_cpu(EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es->s_inodes_count);
+	unsigned offs, rec_len;
+	unsigned limit = folio_size(folio);
+	ext2_dirent *p;
+	char *error;
+
+	if (dir->i_size < folio_pos(folio) + limit) {
+		limit = offset_in_folio(folio, dir->i_size);
+		if (limit & (chunk_size - 1))
+			goto Ebadsize;
+		if (!limit)
+			goto out;
+	}
+	for (offs = 0; offs <= limit - EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(1); offs += rec_len) {
+		p = (ext2_dirent *)(kaddr + offs);
+		rec_len = ext2_rec_len_from_disk(p->rec_len);
+
+		if (unlikely(rec_len < EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(1)))
+			goto Eshort;
+		if (unlikely(rec_len & 3))
+			goto Ealign;
+		if (unlikely(rec_len < EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(p->name_len)))
+			goto Enamelen;
+		if (unlikely(((offs + rec_len - 1) ^ offs) & ~(chunk_size-1)))
+			goto Espan;
+		if (unlikely(le32_to_cpu(p->inode) > max_inumber))
+			goto Einumber;
+	}
+	if (offs != limit)
+		goto Eend;
+out:
+	folio_set_checked(folio);
+	return true;
+
+	/* Too bad, we had an error */
+
+Ebadsize:
+	if (!quiet)
+		ext2_error(sb, __func__,
+			"size of directory #%llu is not a multiple "
+			"of chunk size", dir->i_ino);
+	goto fail;
+Eshort:
+	error = "rec_len is smaller than minimal";
+	goto bad_entry;
+Ealign:
+	error = "unaligned directory entry";
+	goto bad_entry;
+Enamelen:
+	error = "rec_len is too small for name_len";
+	goto bad_entry;
+Espan:
+	error = "directory entry across blocks";
+	goto bad_entry;
+Einumber:
+	error = "inode out of bounds";
+bad_entry:
+	if (!quiet)
+		ext2_error(sb, __func__, "bad entry in directory #%llu: : %s - "
+			"offset=%llu, inode=%lu, rec_len=%d, name_len=%d",
+			dir->i_ino, error, folio_pos(folio) + offs,
+			(unsigned long) le32_to_cpu(p->inode),
+			rec_len, p->name_len);
+	goto fail;
+Eend:
+	if (!quiet) {
+		p = (ext2_dirent *)(kaddr + offs);
+		ext2_error(sb, "ext2_check_folio",
+			"entry in directory #%llu spans the page boundary"
+			"offset=%llu, inode=%lu",
+			dir->i_ino, folio_pos(folio) + offs,
+			(unsigned long) le32_to_cpu(p->inode));
+	}
+fail:
+	return false;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Calls to ext2_get_folio()/folio_release_kmap() must be nested according
+ * to the rules documented in kmap_local_folio()/kunmap_local().
+ *
+ * NOTE: ext2_find_entry() and ext2_dotdot() act as a call
+ * to folio_release_kmap() and should be treated as a call to
+ * folio_release_kmap() for nesting purposes.
+ */
+static void *ext2_get_folio(struct inode *dir, unsigned long n,
+				   int quiet, struct folio **foliop)
+{
+	struct address_space *mapping = dir->i_mapping;
+	struct folio *folio = read_mapping_folio(mapping, n, NULL);
+	void *kaddr;
+
+	if (IS_ERR(folio))
+		return ERR_CAST(folio);
+	kaddr = kmap_local_folio(folio, 0);
+	if (unlikely(!folio_test_checked(folio))) {
+		if (!ext2_check_folio(folio, quiet, kaddr))
+			goto fail;
+	}
+	*foliop = folio;
+	return kaddr;
+
+fail:
+	folio_release_kmap(folio, kaddr);
+	return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
+}
+
+/*
+ * NOTE! unlike strncmp, ext2_match returns 1 for success, 0 for failure.
+ *
+ * len <= EXT2_NAME_LEN and de != NULL are guaranteed by caller.
+ */
+static inline int ext2_match (int len, const char * const name,
+					struct ext2_dir_entry_2 * de)
+{
+	if (len != de->name_len)
+		return 0;
+	if (!de->inode)
+		return 0;
+	return !memcmp(name, de->name, len);
+}
+
+/*
+ * p is at least 6 bytes before the end of page
+ */
+static inline ext2_dirent *ext2_next_entry(ext2_dirent *p)
+{
+	return (ext2_dirent *)((char *)p +
+			ext2_rec_len_from_disk(p->rec_len));
+}
+
+static inline unsigned 
+ext2_validate_entry(char *base, unsigned offset, unsigned mask)
+{
+	ext2_dirent *de = (ext2_dirent*)(base + offset);
+	ext2_dirent *p = (ext2_dirent*)(base + (offset&mask));
+	while ((char*)p < (char*)de) {
+		if (p->rec_len == 0)
+			break;
+		p = ext2_next_entry(p);
+	}
+	return offset_in_page(p);
+}
+
+static inline void ext2_set_de_type(ext2_dirent *de, struct inode *inode)
+{
+	if (EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(inode->i_sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE))
+		de->file_type = fs_umode_to_ftype(inode->i_mode);
+	else
+		de->file_type = 0;
+}
+
+static int
+ext2_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
+{
+	loff_t pos = ctx->pos;
+	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
+	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+	unsigned int offset = pos & ~PAGE_MASK;
+	unsigned long n = pos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	unsigned long npages = dir_pages(inode);
+	unsigned chunk_mask = ~(ext2_chunk_size(inode)-1);
+	bool need_revalidate = !inode_eq_iversion(inode, *(u64 *)file->private_data);
+	bool has_filetype;
+
+	if (pos > inode->i_size - EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(1))
+		return 0;
+
+	has_filetype =
+		EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE);
+
+	for ( ; n < npages; n++, offset = 0) {
+		ext2_dirent *de;
+		struct folio *folio;
+		char *kaddr = ext2_get_folio(inode, n, 0, &folio);
+		char *limit;
+
+		if (IS_ERR(kaddr)) {
+			ext2_error(sb, __func__,
+				   "bad page in #%llu",
+				   inode->i_ino);
+			ctx->pos += PAGE_SIZE - offset;
+			return PTR_ERR(kaddr);
+		}
+		if (unlikely(need_revalidate)) {
+			if (offset) {
+				offset = ext2_validate_entry(kaddr, offset, chunk_mask);
+				ctx->pos = (n<<PAGE_SHIFT) + offset;
+			}
+			*(u64 *)file->private_data = inode_query_iversion(inode);
+			need_revalidate = false;
+		}
+		de = (ext2_dirent *)(kaddr+offset);
+		limit = kaddr + ext2_last_byte(inode, n) - EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(1);
+		for ( ;(char*)de <= limit; de = ext2_next_entry(de)) {
+			if (de->rec_len == 0) {
+				ext2_error(sb, __func__,
+					"zero-length directory entry");
+				folio_release_kmap(folio, de);
+				return -EIO;
+			}
+			if (de->inode) {
+				unsigned char d_type = DT_UNKNOWN;
+
+				if (has_filetype)
+					d_type = fs_ftype_to_dtype(de->file_type);
+
+				if (!dir_emit(ctx, de->name, de->name_len,
+						le32_to_cpu(de->inode),
+						d_type)) {
+					folio_release_kmap(folio, de);
+					return 0;
+				}
+			}
+			ctx->pos += ext2_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len);
+		}
+		folio_release_kmap(folio, kaddr);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ *	ext2_find_entry()
+ *
+ * finds an entry in the specified directory with the wanted name. It
+ * returns the page in which the entry was found (as a parameter - res_page),
+ * and the entry itself. Page is returned mapped and unlocked.
+ * Entry is guaranteed to be valid.
+ *
+ * On Success folio_release_kmap() should be called on *foliop.
+ *
+ * NOTE: Calls to ext2_get_folio()/folio_release_kmap() must be nested
+ * according to the rules documented in kmap_local_folio()/kunmap_local().
+ *
+ * ext2_find_entry() and ext2_dotdot() act as a call to ext2_get_folio()
+ * and should be treated as a call to ext2_get_folio() for nesting
+ * purposes.
+ */
+struct ext2_dir_entry_2 *ext2_find_entry (struct inode *dir,
+			const struct qstr *child, struct folio **foliop)
+{
+	const char *name = child->name;
+	int namelen = child->len;
+	unsigned reclen = EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(namelen);
+	unsigned long start, n;
+	unsigned long npages = dir_pages(dir);
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei = EXT2_I(dir);
+	ext2_dirent * de;
+
+	if (npages == 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	start = ei->i_dir_start_lookup;
+	if (start >= npages)
+		start = 0;
+	n = start;
+	do {
+		char *kaddr = ext2_get_folio(dir, n, 0, foliop);
+		if (IS_ERR(kaddr))
+			return ERR_CAST(kaddr);
+
+		de = (ext2_dirent *) kaddr;
+		kaddr += ext2_last_byte(dir, n) - reclen;
+		while ((char *) de <= kaddr) {
+			if (de->rec_len == 0) {
+				ext2_error(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+					"zero-length directory entry");
+				folio_release_kmap(*foliop, de);
+				goto out;
+			}
+			if (ext2_match(namelen, name, de))
+				goto found;
+			de = ext2_next_entry(de);
+		}
+		folio_release_kmap(*foliop, kaddr);
+
+		if (++n >= npages)
+			n = 0;
+		/* next folio is past the blocks we've got */
+		if (unlikely(n > (dir->i_blocks >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 9)))) {
+			ext2_error(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+				"dir %llu size %lld exceeds block count %llu",
+				dir->i_ino, dir->i_size,
+				(unsigned long long)dir->i_blocks);
+			goto out;
+		}
+	} while (n != start);
+out:
+	return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+
+found:
+	ei->i_dir_start_lookup = n;
+	return de;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the '..' directory entry and the page in which the entry was found
+ * (as a parameter - p).
+ *
+ * On Success folio_release_kmap() should be called on *foliop.
+ *
+ * NOTE: Calls to ext2_get_folio()/folio_release_kmap() must be nested
+ * according to the rules documented in kmap_local_folio()/kunmap_local().
+ *
+ * ext2_find_entry() and ext2_dotdot() act as a call to ext2_get_folio()
+ * and should be treated as a call to ext2_get_folio() for nesting
+ * purposes.
+ */
+struct ext2_dir_entry_2 *ext2_dotdot(struct inode *dir, struct folio **foliop)
+{
+	ext2_dirent *de = ext2_get_folio(dir, 0, 0, foliop);
+
+	if (!IS_ERR(de))
+		return ext2_next_entry(de);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+int ext2_inode_by_name(struct inode *dir, const struct qstr *child, ino_t *ino)
+{
+	struct ext2_dir_entry_2 *de;
+	struct folio *folio;
+
+	de = ext2_find_entry(dir, child, &folio);
+	if (IS_ERR(de))
+		return PTR_ERR(de);
+
+	*ino = le32_to_cpu(de->inode);
+	folio_release_kmap(folio, de);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ext2_prepare_chunk(struct folio *folio, loff_t pos, unsigned len)
+{
+	return __block_write_begin(folio, pos, len, ext2_get_block);
+}
+
+static int ext2_handle_dirsync(struct inode *dir)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = filemap_write_and_wait(dir->i_mapping);
+	if (!err)
+		err = sync_inode_metadata(dir, 1);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int ext2_set_link(struct inode *dir, struct ext2_dir_entry_2 *de,
+		struct folio *folio, struct inode *inode, bool update_times)
+{
+	loff_t pos = folio_pos(folio) + offset_in_folio(folio, de);
+	unsigned len = ext2_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len);
+	int err;
+
+	folio_lock(folio);
+	err = ext2_prepare_chunk(folio, pos, len);
+	if (err) {
+		folio_unlock(folio);
+		return err;
+	}
+	de->inode = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ino);
+	ext2_set_de_type(de, inode);
+	ext2_commit_chunk(folio, pos, len);
+	if (update_times)
+		inode_set_mtime_to_ts(dir, inode_set_ctime_current(dir));
+	EXT2_I(dir)->i_flags &= ~EXT2_BTREE_FL;
+	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
+	return ext2_handle_dirsync(dir);
+}
+
+/*
+ *	Parent is locked.
+ */
+int ext2_add_link (struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct inode *dir = d_inode(dentry->d_parent);
+	const char *name = dentry->d_name.name;
+	int namelen = dentry->d_name.len;
+	unsigned chunk_size = ext2_chunk_size(dir);
+	unsigned reclen = EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(namelen);
+	unsigned short rec_len, name_len;
+	struct folio *folio = NULL;
+	ext2_dirent * de;
+	unsigned long npages = dir_pages(dir);
+	unsigned long n;
+	loff_t pos;
+	int err;
+
+	/*
+	 * We take care of directory expansion in the same loop.
+	 * This code plays outside i_size, so it locks the folio
+	 * to protect that region.
+	 */
+	for (n = 0; n <= npages; n++) {
+		char *kaddr = ext2_get_folio(dir, n, 0, &folio);
+		char *dir_end;
+
+		if (IS_ERR(kaddr))
+			return PTR_ERR(kaddr);
+		folio_lock(folio);
+		dir_end = kaddr + ext2_last_byte(dir, n);
+		de = (ext2_dirent *)kaddr;
+		kaddr += folio_size(folio) - reclen;
+		while ((char *)de <= kaddr) {
+			if ((char *)de == dir_end) {
+				/* We hit i_size */
+				name_len = 0;
+				rec_len = chunk_size;
+				de->rec_len = ext2_rec_len_to_disk(chunk_size);
+				de->inode = 0;
+				goto got_it;
+			}
+			if (de->rec_len == 0) {
+				ext2_error(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+					"zero-length directory entry");
+				err = -EIO;
+				goto out_unlock;
+			}
+			err = -EEXIST;
+			if (ext2_match (namelen, name, de))
+				goto out_unlock;
+			name_len = EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(de->name_len);
+			rec_len = ext2_rec_len_from_disk(de->rec_len);
+			if (!de->inode && rec_len >= reclen)
+				goto got_it;
+			if (rec_len >= name_len + reclen)
+				goto got_it;
+			de = (ext2_dirent *) ((char *) de + rec_len);
+		}
+		folio_unlock(folio);
+		folio_release_kmap(folio, kaddr);
+	}
+	BUG();
+	return -EINVAL;
+
+got_it:
+	pos = folio_pos(folio) + offset_in_folio(folio, de);
+	err = ext2_prepare_chunk(folio, pos, rec_len);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_unlock;
+	if (de->inode) {
+		ext2_dirent *de1 = (ext2_dirent *) ((char *) de + name_len);
+		de1->rec_len = ext2_rec_len_to_disk(rec_len - name_len);
+		de->rec_len = ext2_rec_len_to_disk(name_len);
+		de = de1;
+	}
+	de->name_len = namelen;
+	memcpy(de->name, name, namelen);
+	de->inode = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ino);
+	ext2_set_de_type (de, inode);
+	ext2_commit_chunk(folio, pos, rec_len);
+	inode_set_mtime_to_ts(dir, inode_set_ctime_current(dir));
+	EXT2_I(dir)->i_flags &= ~EXT2_BTREE_FL;
+	mark_inode_dirty(dir);
+	err = ext2_handle_dirsync(dir);
+	/* OFFSET_CACHE */
+out_put:
+	folio_release_kmap(folio, de);
+	return err;
+out_unlock:
+	folio_unlock(folio);
+	goto out_put;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ext2_delete_entry deletes a directory entry by merging it with the
+ * previous entry. Page is up-to-date.
+ */
+int ext2_delete_entry(struct ext2_dir_entry_2 *dir, struct folio *folio)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
+	size_t from, to;
+	char *kaddr;
+	loff_t pos;
+	ext2_dirent *de, *pde = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	from = offset_in_folio(folio, dir);
+	to = from + ext2_rec_len_from_disk(dir->rec_len);
+	kaddr = (char *)dir - from;
+	from &= ~(ext2_chunk_size(inode)-1);
+	de = (ext2_dirent *)(kaddr + from);
+
+	while ((char*)de < (char*)dir) {
+		if (de->rec_len == 0) {
+			ext2_error(inode->i_sb, __func__,
+				"zero-length directory entry");
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+		pde = de;
+		de = ext2_next_entry(de);
+	}
+	if (pde)
+		from = offset_in_folio(folio, pde);
+	pos = folio_pos(folio) + from;
+	folio_lock(folio);
+	err = ext2_prepare_chunk(folio, pos, to - from);
+	if (err) {
+		folio_unlock(folio);
+		return err;
+	}
+	if (pde)
+		pde->rec_len = ext2_rec_len_to_disk(to - from);
+	dir->inode = 0;
+	ext2_commit_chunk(folio, pos, to - from);
+	inode_set_mtime_to_ts(inode, inode_set_ctime_current(inode));
+	EXT2_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~EXT2_BTREE_FL;
+	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+	return ext2_handle_dirsync(inode);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set the first fragment of directory.
+ */
+int ext2_make_empty(struct inode *inode, struct inode *parent)
+{
+	struct folio *folio = filemap_grab_folio(inode->i_mapping, 0);
+	unsigned chunk_size = ext2_chunk_size(inode);
+	struct ext2_dir_entry_2 * de;
+	int err;
+	void *kaddr;
+
+	if (IS_ERR(folio))
+		return PTR_ERR(folio);
+
+	err = ext2_prepare_chunk(folio, 0, chunk_size);
+	if (err) {
+		folio_unlock(folio);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+	kaddr = kmap_local_folio(folio, 0);
+	memset(kaddr, 0, chunk_size);
+	de = (struct ext2_dir_entry_2 *)kaddr;
+	de->name_len = 1;
+	de->rec_len = ext2_rec_len_to_disk(EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(1));
+	memcpy (de->name, ".\0\0", 4);
+	de->inode = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ino);
+	ext2_set_de_type (de, inode);
+
+	de = (struct ext2_dir_entry_2 *)(kaddr + EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(1));
+	de->name_len = 2;
+	de->rec_len = ext2_rec_len_to_disk(chunk_size - EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(1));
+	de->inode = cpu_to_le32(parent->i_ino);
+	memcpy (de->name, "..\0", 4);
+	ext2_set_de_type (de, inode);
+	kunmap_local(kaddr);
+	ext2_commit_chunk(folio, 0, chunk_size);
+	err = ext2_handle_dirsync(inode);
+fail:
+	folio_put(folio);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * routine to check that the specified directory is empty (for rmdir)
+ */
+int ext2_empty_dir(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct folio *folio;
+	char *kaddr;
+	unsigned long i, npages = dir_pages(inode);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
+		ext2_dirent *de;
+
+		kaddr = ext2_get_folio(inode, i, 0, &folio);
+		if (IS_ERR(kaddr))
+			return 0;
+
+		de = (ext2_dirent *)kaddr;
+		kaddr += ext2_last_byte(inode, i) - EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(1);
+
+		while ((char *)de <= kaddr) {
+			if (de->rec_len == 0) {
+				ext2_error(inode->i_sb, __func__,
+					"zero-length directory entry");
+				printk("kaddr=%p, de=%p\n", kaddr, de);
+				goto not_empty;
+			}
+			if (de->inode != 0) {
+				/* check for . and .. */
+				if (de->name[0] != '.')
+					goto not_empty;
+				if (de->name_len > 2)
+					goto not_empty;
+				if (de->name_len < 2) {
+					if (de->inode !=
+					    cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ino))
+						goto not_empty;
+				} else if (de->name[1] != '.')
+					goto not_empty;
+			}
+			de = ext2_next_entry(de);
+		}
+		folio_release_kmap(folio, kaddr);
+	}
+	return 1;
+
+not_empty:
+	folio_release_kmap(folio, kaddr);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ext2_dir_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+	file->private_data = kzalloc(sizeof(u64), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!file->private_data)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ext2_dir_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+	kfree(file->private_data);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static loff_t ext2_dir_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
+{
+	return generic_llseek_cookie(file, offset, whence,
+				     (u64 *)file->private_data);
+}
+
+const struct file_operations ext2_dir_operations = {
+	.open		= ext2_dir_open,
+	.release	= ext2_dir_release,
+	.llseek		= ext2_dir_llseek,
+	.read		= generic_read_dir,
+	.iterate_shared	= ext2_readdir,
+	.unlocked_ioctl = ext2_ioctl,
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+	.compat_ioctl	= ext2_compat_ioctl,
+#endif
+	.fsync		= simple_fsync,
+	.setlease	= generic_setlease,
+};
diff --git a/fs/ext2/ext2.h b/fs/ext2/ext2.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5642451bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/ext2.h
@@ -0,0 +1,815 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
+ * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
+ * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
+ * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
+ *
+ *  from
+ *
+ *  linux/include/linux/minix_fs.h
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
+ */
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/ext2_fs.h>
+#include <linux/blockgroup_lock.h>
+#include <linux/percpu_counter.h>
+#include <linux/rbtree.h>
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/highmem.h>
+
+/* XXX Here for now... not interested in restructing headers JUST now */
+
+/* data type for block offset of block group */
+typedef int ext2_grpblk_t;
+
+/* data type for filesystem-wide blocks number */
+typedef unsigned long ext2_fsblk_t;
+
+#define E2FSBLK "%lu"
+
+struct ext2_reserve_window {
+	ext2_fsblk_t		_rsv_start;	/* First byte reserved */
+	ext2_fsblk_t		_rsv_end;	/* Last byte reserved or 0 */
+};
+
+struct ext2_reserve_window_node {
+	struct rb_node	 	rsv_node;
+	__u32			rsv_goal_size;
+	__u32			rsv_alloc_hit;
+	struct ext2_reserve_window	rsv_window;
+};
+
+struct ext2_block_alloc_info {
+	/* information about reservation window */
+	struct ext2_reserve_window_node	rsv_window_node;
+	/*
+	 * was i_next_alloc_block in ext2_inode_info
+	 * is the logical (file-relative) number of the
+	 * most-recently-allocated block in this file.
+	 * We use this for detecting linearly ascending allocation requests.
+	 */
+	__u32			last_alloc_logical_block;
+	/*
+	 * Was i_next_alloc_goal in ext2_inode_info
+	 * is the *physical* companion to i_next_alloc_block.
+	 * it is the physical block number of the block which was most-recently
+	 * allocated to this file.  This gives us the goal (target) for the next
+	 * allocation when we detect linearly ascending requests.
+	 */
+	ext2_fsblk_t		last_alloc_physical_block;
+};
+
+#define rsv_start rsv_window._rsv_start
+#define rsv_end rsv_window._rsv_end
+
+struct mb_cache;
+
+/*
+ * second extended-fs super-block data in memory
+ */
+struct ext2_sb_info {
+	unsigned long s_inodes_per_block;/* Number of inodes per block */
+	unsigned long s_blocks_per_group;/* Number of blocks in a group */
+	unsigned long s_inodes_per_group;/* Number of inodes in a group */
+	unsigned long s_itb_per_group;	/* Number of inode table blocks per group */
+	unsigned long s_gdb_count;	/* Number of group descriptor blocks */
+	unsigned long s_desc_per_block;	/* Number of group descriptors per block */
+	unsigned long s_groups_count;	/* Number of groups in the fs */
+	unsigned long s_overhead_last;  /* Last calculated overhead */
+	unsigned long s_blocks_last;    /* Last seen block count */
+	struct buffer_head * s_sbh;	/* Buffer containing the super block */
+	struct ext2_super_block * s_es;	/* Pointer to the super block in the buffer */
+	struct buffer_head ** s_group_desc;
+	unsigned long  s_mount_opt;
+	unsigned long s_sb_block;
+	kuid_t s_resuid;
+	kgid_t s_resgid;
+	unsigned short s_mount_state;
+	unsigned short s_pad;
+	int s_addr_per_block_bits;
+	int s_desc_per_block_bits;
+	int s_inode_size;
+	int s_first_ino;
+	spinlock_t s_next_gen_lock;
+	u32 s_next_generation;
+	unsigned long s_dir_count;
+	u8 *s_debts;
+	struct percpu_counter s_freeblocks_counter;
+	struct percpu_counter s_freeinodes_counter;
+	struct percpu_counter s_dirs_counter;
+	struct blockgroup_lock *s_blockgroup_lock;
+	/* root of the per fs reservation window tree */
+	spinlock_t s_rsv_window_lock;
+	struct rb_root s_rsv_window_root;
+	struct ext2_reserve_window_node s_rsv_window_head;
+	/*
+	 * s_lock protects against concurrent modifications of s_mount_state,
+	 * s_blocks_last, s_overhead_last and the content of superblock's
+	 * buffer pointed to by sbi->s_es.
+	 *
+	 * Note: It is used in ext2_show_options() to provide a consistent view
+	 * of the mount options.
+	 */
+	spinlock_t s_lock;
+	struct mb_cache *s_ea_block_cache;
+};
+
+static inline spinlock_t *
+sb_bgl_lock(struct ext2_sb_info *sbi, unsigned int block_group)
+{
+	return bgl_lock_ptr(sbi->s_blockgroup_lock, block_group);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Define EXT2FS_DEBUG to produce debug messages
+ */
+#undef EXT2FS_DEBUG
+
+/*
+ * Define EXT2_RESERVATION to reserve data blocks for expanding files
+ */
+#define EXT2_DEFAULT_RESERVE_BLOCKS     8
+/*max window size: 1024(direct blocks) + 3([t,d]indirect blocks) */
+#define EXT2_MAX_RESERVE_BLOCKS         1027
+#define EXT2_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED 0
+/*
+ * The second extended file system version
+ */
+#define EXT2FS_DATE		"95/08/09"
+#define EXT2FS_VERSION		"0.5b"
+
+/*
+ * Debug code
+ */
+#ifdef EXT2FS_DEBUG
+#	define ext2_debug(f, a...)	{ \
+					printk ("EXT2-fs DEBUG (%s, %d): %s:", \
+						__FILE__, __LINE__, __func__); \
+				  	printk (f, ## a); \
+					}
+#else
+#	define ext2_debug(f, a...)	/**/
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Special inode numbers
+ */
+#define	EXT2_BAD_INO		 1	/* Bad blocks inode */
+#define EXT2_ROOT_INO		 2	/* Root inode */
+#define EXT2_BOOT_LOADER_INO	 5	/* Boot loader inode */
+#define EXT2_UNDEL_DIR_INO	 6	/* Undelete directory inode */
+
+/* First non-reserved inode for old ext2 filesystems */
+#define EXT2_GOOD_OLD_FIRST_INO	11
+
+static inline struct ext2_sb_info *EXT2_SB(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	return sb->s_fs_info;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Macro-instructions used to manage several block sizes
+ */
+#define EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_SIZE		1024
+#define	EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE		65536
+#define EXT2_MIN_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE		  10
+#define EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE		  16
+#define EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(s)		((s)->s_blocksize)
+#define	EXT2_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(s)		(EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(s) / sizeof (__u32))
+#define EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(s)		((s)->s_blocksize_bits)
+#define	EXT2_ADDR_PER_BLOCK_BITS(s)	(EXT2_SB(s)->s_addr_per_block_bits)
+#define EXT2_INODE_SIZE(s)		(EXT2_SB(s)->s_inode_size)
+#define EXT2_FIRST_INO(s)		(EXT2_SB(s)->s_first_ino)
+
+/*
+ * Structure of a blocks group descriptor
+ */
+struct ext2_group_desc
+{
+	__le32	bg_block_bitmap;		/* Blocks bitmap block */
+	__le32	bg_inode_bitmap;		/* Inodes bitmap block */
+	__le32	bg_inode_table;		/* Inodes table block */
+	__le16	bg_free_blocks_count;	/* Free blocks count */
+	__le16	bg_free_inodes_count;	/* Free inodes count */
+	__le16	bg_used_dirs_count;	/* Directories count */
+	__le16	bg_pad;
+	__le32	bg_reserved[3];
+};
+
+/*
+ * Macro-instructions used to manage group descriptors
+ */
+#define EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(s)	(EXT2_SB(s)->s_blocks_per_group)
+#define EXT2_DESC_PER_BLOCK(s)		(EXT2_SB(s)->s_desc_per_block)
+#define EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(s)	(EXT2_SB(s)->s_inodes_per_group)
+#define EXT2_DESC_PER_BLOCK_BITS(s)	(EXT2_SB(s)->s_desc_per_block_bits)
+
+/*
+ * Constants relative to the data blocks
+ */
+#define	EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS		12
+#define	EXT2_IND_BLOCK			EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS
+#define	EXT2_DIND_BLOCK			(EXT2_IND_BLOCK + 1)
+#define	EXT2_TIND_BLOCK			(EXT2_DIND_BLOCK + 1)
+#define	EXT2_N_BLOCKS			(EXT2_TIND_BLOCK + 1)
+
+/*
+ * Inode flags (GETFLAGS/SETFLAGS)
+ */
+#define	EXT2_SECRM_FL			FS_SECRM_FL	/* Secure deletion */
+#define	EXT2_UNRM_FL			FS_UNRM_FL	/* Undelete */
+#define	EXT2_COMPR_FL			FS_COMPR_FL	/* Compress file */
+#define EXT2_SYNC_FL			FS_SYNC_FL	/* Synchronous updates */
+#define EXT2_IMMUTABLE_FL		FS_IMMUTABLE_FL	/* Immutable file */
+#define EXT2_APPEND_FL			FS_APPEND_FL	/* writes to file may only append */
+#define EXT2_NODUMP_FL			FS_NODUMP_FL	/* do not dump file */
+#define EXT2_NOATIME_FL			FS_NOATIME_FL	/* do not update atime */
+/* Reserved for compression usage... */
+#define EXT2_DIRTY_FL			FS_DIRTY_FL
+#define EXT2_COMPRBLK_FL		FS_COMPRBLK_FL	/* One or more compressed clusters */
+#define EXT2_NOCOMP_FL			FS_NOCOMP_FL	/* Don't compress */
+#define EXT2_ECOMPR_FL			FS_ECOMPR_FL	/* Compression error */
+/* End compression flags --- maybe not all used */	
+#define EXT2_BTREE_FL			FS_BTREE_FL	/* btree format dir */
+#define EXT2_INDEX_FL			FS_INDEX_FL	/* hash-indexed directory */
+#define EXT2_IMAGIC_FL			FS_IMAGIC_FL	/* AFS directory */
+#define EXT2_JOURNAL_DATA_FL		FS_JOURNAL_DATA_FL /* Reserved for ext3 */
+#define EXT2_NOTAIL_FL			FS_NOTAIL_FL	/* file tail should not be merged */
+#define EXT2_DIRSYNC_FL			FS_DIRSYNC_FL	/* dirsync behaviour (directories only) */
+#define EXT2_TOPDIR_FL			FS_TOPDIR_FL	/* Top of directory hierarchies*/
+#define EXT2_RESERVED_FL		FS_RESERVED_FL	/* reserved for ext2 lib */
+
+#define EXT2_FL_USER_VISIBLE		FS_FL_USER_VISIBLE	/* User visible flags */
+#define EXT2_FL_USER_MODIFIABLE		FS_FL_USER_MODIFIABLE	/* User modifiable flags */
+
+/* Flags that should be inherited by new inodes from their parent. */
+#define EXT2_FL_INHERITED (EXT2_SECRM_FL | EXT2_UNRM_FL | EXT2_COMPR_FL |\
+			   EXT2_SYNC_FL | EXT2_NODUMP_FL |\
+			   EXT2_NOATIME_FL | EXT2_COMPRBLK_FL |\
+			   EXT2_NOCOMP_FL | EXT2_JOURNAL_DATA_FL |\
+			   EXT2_NOTAIL_FL | EXT2_DIRSYNC_FL)
+
+/* Flags that are appropriate for regular files (all but dir-specific ones). */
+#define EXT2_REG_FLMASK (~(EXT2_DIRSYNC_FL | EXT2_TOPDIR_FL))
+
+/* Flags that are appropriate for non-directories/regular files. */
+#define EXT2_OTHER_FLMASK (EXT2_NODUMP_FL | EXT2_NOATIME_FL)
+
+/* Mask out flags that are inappropriate for the given type of inode. */
+static inline __u32 ext2_mask_flags(umode_t mode, __u32 flags)
+{
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
+		return flags;
+	else if (S_ISREG(mode))
+		return flags & EXT2_REG_FLMASK;
+	else
+		return flags & EXT2_OTHER_FLMASK;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ioctl commands
+ */
+#define	EXT2_IOC_GETVERSION		FS_IOC_GETVERSION
+#define	EXT2_IOC_SETVERSION		FS_IOC_SETVERSION
+#define	EXT2_IOC_GETRSVSZ		_IOR('f', 5, long)
+#define	EXT2_IOC_SETRSVSZ		_IOW('f', 6, long)
+
+/*
+ * ioctl commands in 32 bit emulation
+ */
+#define EXT2_IOC32_GETVERSION		FS_IOC32_GETVERSION
+#define EXT2_IOC32_SETVERSION		FS_IOC32_SETVERSION
+
+/*
+ * Structure of an inode on the disk
+ */
+struct ext2_inode {
+	__le16	i_mode;		/* File mode */
+	__le16	i_uid;		/* Low 16 bits of Owner Uid */
+	__le32	i_size;		/* Size in bytes */
+	__le32	i_atime;	/* Access time */
+	__le32	i_ctime;	/* Creation time */
+	__le32	i_mtime;	/* Modification time */
+	__le32	i_dtime;	/* Deletion Time */
+	__le16	i_gid;		/* Low 16 bits of Group Id */
+	__le16	i_links_count;	/* Links count */
+	__le32	i_blocks;	/* Blocks count */
+	__le32	i_flags;	/* File flags */
+	union {
+		struct {
+			__le32  l_i_reserved1;
+		} linux1;
+		struct {
+			__le32  h_i_translator;
+		} hurd1;
+		struct {
+			__le32  m_i_reserved1;
+		} masix1;
+	} osd1;				/* OS dependent 1 */
+	__le32	i_block[EXT2_N_BLOCKS];/* Pointers to blocks */
+	__le32	i_generation;	/* File version (for NFS) */
+	__le32	i_file_acl;	/* File ACL */
+	__le32	i_dir_acl;	/* Directory ACL */
+	__le32	i_faddr;	/* Fragment address */
+	union {
+		struct {
+			__u8	l_i_frag;	/* Fragment number */
+			__u8	l_i_fsize;	/* Fragment size */
+			__u16	i_pad1;
+			__le16	l_i_uid_high;	/* these 2 fields    */
+			__le16	l_i_gid_high;	/* were reserved2[0] */
+			__u32	l_i_reserved2;
+		} linux2;
+		struct {
+			__u8	h_i_frag;	/* Fragment number */
+			__u8	h_i_fsize;	/* Fragment size */
+			__le16	h_i_mode_high;
+			__le16	h_i_uid_high;
+			__le16	h_i_gid_high;
+			__le32	h_i_author;
+		} hurd2;
+		struct {
+			__u8	m_i_frag;	/* Fragment number */
+			__u8	m_i_fsize;	/* Fragment size */
+			__u16	m_pad1;
+			__u32	m_i_reserved2[2];
+		} masix2;
+	} osd2;				/* OS dependent 2 */
+};
+
+#define i_size_high	i_dir_acl
+
+#define i_reserved1	osd1.linux1.l_i_reserved1
+#define i_frag		osd2.linux2.l_i_frag
+#define i_fsize		osd2.linux2.l_i_fsize
+#define i_uid_low	i_uid
+#define i_gid_low	i_gid
+#define i_uid_high	osd2.linux2.l_i_uid_high
+#define i_gid_high	osd2.linux2.l_i_gid_high
+#define i_reserved2	osd2.linux2.l_i_reserved2
+
+/*
+ * File system states
+ */
+#define	EXT2_VALID_FS			0x0001	/* Unmounted cleanly */
+#define	EXT2_ERROR_FS			0x0002	/* Errors detected */
+
+/*
+ * Mount flags
+ */
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_OLDALLOC		0x000002  /* Don't use the new Orlov allocator */
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_GRPID		0x000004  /* Create files with directory's group */
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_DEBUG		0x000008  /* Some debugging messages */
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_ERRORS_CONT		0x000010  /* Continue on errors */
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_ERRORS_RO		0x000020  /* Remount fs ro on errors */
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_ERRORS_PANIC		0x000040  /* Panic on errors */
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_ERRORS_MASK		0x000070
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_MINIX_DF		0x000080  /* Mimics the Minix statfs */
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_NOBH			0x000100  /* No buffer_heads */
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_NO_UID32		0x000200  /* Disable 32-bit UIDs */
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_XATTR_USER		0x004000  /* Extended user attributes */
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_POSIX_ACL		0x008000  /* POSIX Access Control Lists */
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_USRQUOTA		0x020000  /* user quota */
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_GRPQUOTA		0x040000  /* group quota */
+#define EXT2_MOUNT_RESERVATION		0x080000  /* Preallocation */
+
+
+#define clear_opt(o, opt)		o &= ~EXT2_MOUNT_##opt
+#define set_opt(o, opt)			o |= EXT2_MOUNT_##opt
+#define test_opt(sb, opt)		(EXT2_SB(sb)->s_mount_opt & \
+					 EXT2_MOUNT_##opt)
+/*
+ * Maximal mount counts between two filesystem checks
+ */
+#define EXT2_DFL_MAX_MNT_COUNT		20	/* Allow 20 mounts */
+#define EXT2_DFL_CHECKINTERVAL		0	/* Don't use interval check */
+
+/*
+ * Behaviour when detecting errors
+ */
+#define EXT2_ERRORS_CONTINUE		1	/* Continue execution */
+#define EXT2_ERRORS_RO			2	/* Remount fs read-only */
+#define EXT2_ERRORS_PANIC		3	/* Panic */
+#define EXT2_ERRORS_DEFAULT		EXT2_ERRORS_CONTINUE
+
+/*
+ * Allocation flags
+ */
+#define EXT2_ALLOC_NORESERVE            0x1	/* Do not use reservation
+						 * window for allocation */
+
+/*
+ * Structure of the super block
+ */
+struct ext2_super_block {
+	__le32	s_inodes_count;		/* Inodes count */
+	__le32	s_blocks_count;		/* Blocks count */
+	__le32	s_r_blocks_count;	/* Reserved blocks count */
+	__le32	s_free_blocks_count;	/* Free blocks count */
+	__le32	s_free_inodes_count;	/* Free inodes count */
+	__le32	s_first_data_block;	/* First Data Block */
+	__le32	s_log_block_size;	/* Block size */
+	__le32	s_log_frag_size;	/* Fragment size */
+	__le32	s_blocks_per_group;	/* # Blocks per group */
+	__le32	s_frags_per_group;	/* # Fragments per group */
+	__le32	s_inodes_per_group;	/* # Inodes per group */
+	__le32	s_mtime;		/* Mount time */
+	__le32	s_wtime;		/* Write time */
+	__le16	s_mnt_count;		/* Mount count */
+	__le16	s_max_mnt_count;	/* Maximal mount count */
+	__le16	s_magic;		/* Magic signature */
+	__le16	s_state;		/* File system state */
+	__le16	s_errors;		/* Behaviour when detecting errors */
+	__le16	s_minor_rev_level; 	/* minor revision level */
+	__le32	s_lastcheck;		/* time of last check */
+	__le32	s_checkinterval;	/* max. time between checks */
+	__le32	s_creator_os;		/* OS */
+	__le32	s_rev_level;		/* Revision level */
+	__le16	s_def_resuid;		/* Default uid for reserved blocks */
+	__le16	s_def_resgid;		/* Default gid for reserved blocks */
+	/*
+	 * These fields are for EXT2_DYNAMIC_REV superblocks only.
+	 *
+	 * Note: the difference between the compatible feature set and
+	 * the incompatible feature set is that if there is a bit set
+	 * in the incompatible feature set that the kernel doesn't
+	 * know about, it should refuse to mount the filesystem.
+	 * 
+	 * e2fsck's requirements are more strict; if it doesn't know
+	 * about a feature in either the compatible or incompatible
+	 * feature set, it must abort and not try to meddle with
+	 * things it doesn't understand...
+	 */
+	__le32	s_first_ino; 		/* First non-reserved inode */
+	__le16   s_inode_size; 		/* size of inode structure */
+	__le16	s_block_group_nr; 	/* block group # of this superblock */
+	__le32	s_feature_compat; 	/* compatible feature set */
+	__le32	s_feature_incompat; 	/* incompatible feature set */
+	__le32	s_feature_ro_compat; 	/* readonly-compatible feature set */
+	__u8	s_uuid[16];		/* 128-bit uuid for volume */
+	char	s_volume_name[16]; 	/* volume name */
+	char	s_last_mounted[64]; 	/* directory where last mounted */
+	__le32	s_algorithm_usage_bitmap; /* For compression */
+	/*
+	 * Performance hints.  Directory preallocation should only
+	 * happen if the EXT2_COMPAT_PREALLOC flag is on.
+	 */
+	__u8	s_prealloc_blocks;	/* Nr of blocks to try to preallocate*/
+	__u8	s_prealloc_dir_blocks;	/* Nr to preallocate for dirs */
+	__u16	s_padding1;
+	/*
+	 * Journaling support valid if EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL set.
+	 */
+	__u8	s_journal_uuid[16];	/* uuid of journal superblock */
+	__u32	s_journal_inum;		/* inode number of journal file */
+	__u32	s_journal_dev;		/* device number of journal file */
+	__u32	s_last_orphan;		/* start of list of inodes to delete */
+	__u32	s_hash_seed[4];		/* HTREE hash seed */
+	__u8	s_def_hash_version;	/* Default hash version to use */
+	__u8	s_reserved_char_pad;
+	__u16	s_reserved_word_pad;
+	__le32	s_default_mount_opts;
+ 	__le32	s_first_meta_bg; 	/* First metablock block group */
+	__u32	s_reserved[190];	/* Padding to the end of the block */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Codes for operating systems
+ */
+#define EXT2_OS_LINUX		0
+#define EXT2_OS_HURD		1
+#define EXT2_OS_MASIX		2
+#define EXT2_OS_FREEBSD		3
+#define EXT2_OS_LITES		4
+
+/*
+ * Revision levels
+ */
+#define EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV	0	/* The good old (original) format */
+#define EXT2_DYNAMIC_REV	1 	/* V2 format w/ dynamic inode sizes */
+
+#define EXT2_CURRENT_REV	EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV
+#define EXT2_MAX_SUPP_REV	EXT2_DYNAMIC_REV
+
+#define EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE 128
+
+/*
+ * Feature set definitions
+ */
+
+#define EXT2_HAS_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb,mask)			\
+	( EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es->s_feature_compat & cpu_to_le32(mask) )
+#define EXT2_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb,mask)			\
+	( EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es->s_feature_ro_compat & cpu_to_le32(mask) )
+#define EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb,mask)			\
+	( EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es->s_feature_incompat & cpu_to_le32(mask) )
+#define EXT2_SET_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb,mask)			\
+	EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es->s_feature_compat |= cpu_to_le32(mask)
+#define EXT2_SET_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb,mask)			\
+	EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es->s_feature_ro_compat |= cpu_to_le32(mask)
+#define EXT2_SET_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb,mask)			\
+	EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es->s_feature_incompat |= cpu_to_le32(mask)
+#define EXT2_CLEAR_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb,mask)			\
+	EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es->s_feature_compat &= ~cpu_to_le32(mask)
+#define EXT2_CLEAR_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb,mask)			\
+	EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es->s_feature_ro_compat &= ~cpu_to_le32(mask)
+#define EXT2_CLEAR_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb,mask)			\
+	EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es->s_feature_incompat &= ~cpu_to_le32(mask)
+
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_DIR_PREALLOC	0x0001
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_IMAGIC_INODES	0x0002
+#define EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL		0x0004
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_EXT_ATTR		0x0008
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_RESIZE_INO		0x0010
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_DIR_INDEX		0x0020
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_ANY			0xffffffff
+
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER	0x0001
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_LARGE_FILE	0x0002
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_BTREE_DIR	0x0004
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_ANY		0xffffffff
+
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_COMPRESSION	0x0001
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE		0x0002
+#define EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_RECOVER		0x0004
+#define EXT3_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_JOURNAL_DEV	0x0008
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_META_BG		0x0010
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_ANY		0xffffffff
+
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_SUPP	EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_EXT_ATTR
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_SUPP	(EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FILETYPE| \
+					 EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_META_BG)
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SUPP	(EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER| \
+					 EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_LARGE_FILE| \
+					 EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_BTREE_DIR)
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_UNSUPPORTED	~EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SUPP
+#define EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_UNSUPPORTED	~EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_SUPP
+
+/*
+ * Default values for user and/or group using reserved blocks
+ */
+#define	EXT2_DEF_RESUID		0
+#define	EXT2_DEF_RESGID		0
+
+/*
+ * Default mount options
+ */
+#define EXT2_DEFM_DEBUG		0x0001
+#define EXT2_DEFM_BSDGROUPS	0x0002
+#define EXT2_DEFM_XATTR_USER	0x0004
+#define EXT2_DEFM_ACL		0x0008
+#define EXT2_DEFM_UID16		0x0010
+    /* Not used by ext2, but reserved for use by ext3 */
+#define EXT3_DEFM_JMODE		0x0060 
+#define EXT3_DEFM_JMODE_DATA	0x0020
+#define EXT3_DEFM_JMODE_ORDERED	0x0040
+#define EXT3_DEFM_JMODE_WBACK	0x0060
+
+/*
+ * Structure of a directory entry
+ */
+
+struct ext2_dir_entry {
+	__le32	inode;			/* Inode number */
+	__le16	rec_len;		/* Directory entry length */
+	__le16	name_len;		/* Name length */
+	char	name[];			/* File name, up to EXT2_NAME_LEN */
+};
+
+/*
+ * The new version of the directory entry.  Since EXT2 structures are
+ * stored in intel byte order, and the name_len field could never be
+ * bigger than 255 chars, it's safe to reclaim the extra byte for the
+ * file_type field.
+ */
+struct ext2_dir_entry_2 {
+	__le32	inode;			/* Inode number */
+	__le16	rec_len;		/* Directory entry length */
+	__u8	name_len;		/* Name length */
+	__u8	file_type;
+	char	name[];			/* File name, up to EXT2_NAME_LEN */
+};
+
+/*
+ * EXT2_DIR_PAD defines the directory entries boundaries
+ *
+ * NOTE: It must be a multiple of 4
+ */
+#define EXT2_DIR_PAD		 	4
+#define EXT2_DIR_ROUND 			(EXT2_DIR_PAD - 1)
+#define EXT2_DIR_REC_LEN(name_len)	(((name_len) + 8 + EXT2_DIR_ROUND) & \
+					 ~EXT2_DIR_ROUND)
+#define EXT2_MAX_REC_LEN		((1<<16)-1)
+
+static inline void verify_offsets(void)
+{
+#define A(x,y) BUILD_BUG_ON(x != offsetof(struct ext2_super_block, y));
+	A(EXT2_SB_MAGIC_OFFSET, s_magic);
+	A(EXT2_SB_BLOCKS_OFFSET, s_blocks_count);
+	A(EXT2_SB_BSIZE_OFFSET, s_log_block_size);
+#undef A
+}
+
+/*
+ * ext2 mount options
+ */
+struct ext2_mount_options {
+	unsigned long s_mount_opt;
+	kuid_t s_resuid;
+	kgid_t s_resgid;
+};
+
+/*
+ * second extended file system inode data in memory
+ */
+struct ext2_inode_info {
+	__le32	i_data[15];
+	__u32	i_flags;
+	__u32	i_faddr;
+	__u8	i_frag_no;
+	__u8	i_frag_size;
+	__u16	i_state;
+	__u32	i_file_acl;
+	__u32	i_dir_acl;
+	__u32	i_dtime;
+
+	/*
+	 * i_block_group is the number of the block group which contains
+	 * this file's inode.  Constant across the lifetime of the inode,
+	 * it is used for making block allocation decisions - we try to
+	 * place a file's data blocks near its inode block, and new inodes
+	 * near to their parent directory's inode.
+	 */
+	__u32	i_block_group;
+
+	/* block reservation info */
+	struct ext2_block_alloc_info *i_block_alloc_info;
+
+	__u32	i_dir_start_lookup;
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_XATTR
+	/*
+	 * Extended attributes can be read independently of the main file
+	 * data. Taking i_mutex even when reading would cause contention
+	 * between readers of EAs and writers of regular file data, so
+	 * instead we synchronize on xattr_sem when reading or changing
+	 * EAs.
+	 */
+	struct rw_semaphore xattr_sem;
+#endif
+	rwlock_t i_meta_lock;
+
+	/*
+	 * truncate_mutex is for serialising ext2_truncate() against
+	 * ext2_getblock().  It also protects the internals of the inode's
+	 * reservation data structures: ext2_reserve_window and
+	 * ext2_reserve_window_node.
+	 */
+	struct mutex truncate_mutex;
+	struct inode	vfs_inode;
+	struct list_head i_orphan;	/* unlinked but open inodes */
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+	struct dquot __rcu *i_dquot[MAXQUOTAS];
+#endif
+	struct mapping_metadata_bhs i_metadata_bhs;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Inode dynamic state flags
+ */
+#define EXT2_STATE_NEW			0x00000001 /* inode is newly created */
+
+
+/*
+ * Function prototypes
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Ok, these declarations are also in <linux/kernel.h> but none of the
+ * ext2 source programs needs to include it so they are duplicated here.
+ */
+
+static inline struct ext2_inode_info *EXT2_I(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	return container_of(inode, struct ext2_inode_info, vfs_inode);
+}
+
+/* balloc.c */
+extern int ext2_bg_has_super(struct super_block *sb, int group);
+extern unsigned long ext2_bg_num_gdb(struct super_block *sb, int group);
+extern ext2_fsblk_t ext2_new_blocks(struct inode *, ext2_fsblk_t,
+				unsigned long *, int *, unsigned int);
+extern int ext2_data_block_valid(struct ext2_sb_info *sbi, ext2_fsblk_t start_blk,
+				 unsigned int count);
+extern void ext2_free_blocks(struct inode *, ext2_fsblk_t, unsigned long);
+extern unsigned long ext2_count_free_blocks (struct super_block *);
+extern unsigned long ext2_count_dirs (struct super_block *);
+extern struct ext2_group_desc * ext2_get_group_desc(struct super_block * sb,
+						    unsigned int block_group,
+						    struct buffer_head ** bh);
+extern void ext2_discard_reservation (struct inode *);
+extern int ext2_should_retry_alloc(struct super_block *sb, int *retries);
+extern void ext2_init_block_alloc_info(struct inode *);
+extern void ext2_rsv_window_add(struct super_block *sb, struct ext2_reserve_window_node *rsv);
+
+/* dir.c */
+int ext2_add_link(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
+int ext2_inode_by_name(struct inode *dir,
+			      const struct qstr *child, ino_t *ino);
+int ext2_make_empty(struct inode *, struct inode *);
+struct ext2_dir_entry_2 *ext2_find_entry(struct inode *, const struct qstr *,
+		struct folio **foliop);
+int ext2_delete_entry(struct ext2_dir_entry_2 *dir, struct folio *folio);
+int ext2_empty_dir(struct inode *);
+struct ext2_dir_entry_2 *ext2_dotdot(struct inode *dir, struct folio **foliop);
+int ext2_set_link(struct inode *dir, struct ext2_dir_entry_2 *de,
+		struct folio *folio, struct inode *inode, bool update_times);
+
+/* ialloc.c */
+extern struct inode * ext2_new_inode (struct inode *, umode_t, const struct qstr *);
+extern void ext2_free_inode (struct inode *);
+extern unsigned long ext2_count_free_inodes (struct super_block *);
+extern unsigned long ext2_count_free (struct buffer_head *, unsigned);
+
+/* inode.c */
+extern struct inode *ext2_iget (struct super_block *, unsigned long);
+extern int ext2_write_inode (struct inode *, struct writeback_control *);
+extern int ext2_sync_inode_metadata(struct inode *, struct writeback_control *);
+extern void ext2_evict_inode(struct inode *);
+void ext2_write_failed(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t to);
+extern int ext2_get_block(struct inode *, sector_t, struct buffer_head *, int);
+extern int ext2_setattr (struct mnt_idmap *, struct dentry *, struct iattr *);
+extern int ext2_getattr (struct mnt_idmap *, const struct path *,
+			 struct kstat *, u32, unsigned int);
+extern void ext2_set_inode_flags(struct inode *inode);
+extern int ext2_fiemap(struct inode *inode, struct fiemap_extent_info *fieinfo,
+		       u64 start, u64 len);
+
+/* ioctl.c */
+extern int ext2_fileattr_get(struct dentry *dentry, struct file_kattr *fa);
+extern int ext2_fileattr_set(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
+			     struct dentry *dentry, struct file_kattr *fa);
+extern long ext2_ioctl(struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long);
+extern long ext2_compat_ioctl(struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long);
+
+/* namei.c */
+struct dentry *ext2_get_parent(struct dentry *child);
+
+/* super.c */
+extern __printf(3, 4)
+void ext2_error(struct super_block *, const char *, const char *, ...);
+extern __printf(3, 4)
+void ext2_msg(struct super_block *, const char *, const char *, ...);
+extern void ext2_update_dynamic_rev (struct super_block *sb);
+extern void ext2_sync_super(struct super_block *sb, struct ext2_super_block *es,
+			    int wait);
+
+/*
+ * Inodes and files operations
+ */
+
+/* dir.c */
+extern const struct file_operations ext2_dir_operations;
+
+/* file.c */
+extern const struct inode_operations ext2_file_inode_operations;
+extern const struct file_operations ext2_file_operations;
+
+/* inode.c */
+extern void ext2_set_file_ops(struct inode *inode);
+extern const struct address_space_operations ext2_aops;
+extern const struct iomap_ops ext2_iomap_ops;
+
+/* namei.c */
+extern const struct inode_operations ext2_dir_inode_operations;
+extern const struct inode_operations ext2_special_inode_operations;
+
+/* symlink.c */
+extern const struct inode_operations ext2_fast_symlink_inode_operations;
+extern const struct inode_operations ext2_symlink_inode_operations;
+
+static inline ext2_fsblk_t
+ext2_group_first_block_no(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long group_no)
+{
+	return group_no * (ext2_fsblk_t)EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb) +
+		le32_to_cpu(EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es->s_first_data_block);
+}
+
+static inline ext2_fsblk_t
+ext2_group_last_block_no(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long group_no)
+{
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+
+	if (group_no == sbi->s_groups_count - 1)
+		return le32_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_blocks_count) - 1;
+	else
+		return ext2_group_first_block_no(sb, group_no) +
+			EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb) - 1;
+}
+
+#define ext2_set_bit	__test_and_set_bit_le
+#define ext2_clear_bit	__test_and_clear_bit_le
+#define ext2_test_bit	test_bit_le
+#define ext2_find_first_zero_bit	find_first_zero_bit_le
+#define ext2_find_next_zero_bit		find_next_zero_bit_le
diff --git a/fs/ext2/file.c b/fs/ext2/file.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b9020df7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/file.c
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ *  linux/fs/ext2/file.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
+ * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
+ * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
+ * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
+ *
+ *  from
+ *
+ *  linux/fs/minix/file.c
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
+ *
+ *  ext2 fs regular file handling primitives
+ *
+ *  64-bit file support on 64-bit platforms by Jakub Jelinek
+ * 	(jj@sunsite.ms.mff.cuni.cz)
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/filelock.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include <linux/iomap.h>
+#include <linux/uio.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+#include "trace.h"
+
+
+/*
+ * Called when filp is released. This happens when all file descriptors
+ * for a single struct file are closed. Note that different open() calls
+ * for the same file yield different struct file structures.
+ */
+static int ext2_release_file (struct inode * inode, struct file * filp)
+{
+	if (filp->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) {
+		mutex_lock(&EXT2_I(inode)->truncate_mutex);
+		ext2_discard_reservation(inode);
+		mutex_unlock(&EXT2_I(inode)->truncate_mutex);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static ssize_t ext2_dio_read_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *to)
+{
+	struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
+	struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
+	ssize_t ret;
+
+	trace_ext2_dio_read_begin(iocb, to, 0);
+	inode_lock_shared(inode);
+	ret = iomap_dio_rw(iocb, to, &ext2_iomap_ops, NULL, 0, NULL, 0);
+	inode_unlock_shared(inode);
+	trace_ext2_dio_read_end(iocb, to, ret);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int ext2_dio_write_end_io(struct kiocb *iocb, ssize_t size,
+				 int error, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos;
+	struct inode *inode = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp);
+
+	if (error)
+		goto out;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we are extending the file, we have to update i_size here before
+	 * page cache gets invalidated in iomap_dio_rw(). This prevents racing
+	 * buffered reads from zeroing out too much from page cache pages.
+	 * Note that all extending writes always happens synchronously with
+	 * inode lock held by ext2_dio_write_iter(). So it is safe to update
+	 * inode size here for extending file writes.
+	 */
+	pos += size;
+	if (pos > i_size_read(inode)) {
+		i_size_write(inode, pos);
+		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+	}
+out:
+	trace_ext2_dio_write_endio(iocb, size, error);
+	return error;
+}
+
+static const struct iomap_dio_ops ext2_dio_write_ops = {
+	.end_io = ext2_dio_write_end_io,
+};
+
+static ssize_t ext2_dio_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
+{
+	struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
+	struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
+	ssize_t ret;
+	unsigned int flags = 0;
+	unsigned long blocksize = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+	loff_t offset = iocb->ki_pos;
+	loff_t count = iov_iter_count(from);
+	ssize_t status = 0;
+
+	trace_ext2_dio_write_begin(iocb, from, 0);
+	inode_lock(inode);
+	ret = generic_write_checks(iocb, from);
+	if (ret <= 0)
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	ret = kiocb_modified(iocb);
+	if (ret)
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	/* use IOMAP_DIO_FORCE_WAIT for unaligned or extending writes */
+	if (iocb->ki_pos + iov_iter_count(from) > i_size_read(inode) ||
+	   (!IS_ALIGNED(iocb->ki_pos | iov_iter_alignment(from), blocksize)))
+		flags |= IOMAP_DIO_FORCE_WAIT;
+
+	ret = iomap_dio_rw(iocb, from, &ext2_iomap_ops, &ext2_dio_write_ops,
+			   flags, NULL, 0);
+
+	/* ENOTBLK is magic return value for fallback to buffered-io */
+	if (ret == -ENOTBLK)
+		ret = 0;
+
+	if (ret < 0 && ret != -EIOCBQUEUED)
+		ext2_write_failed(inode->i_mapping, offset + count);
+
+	/* handle case for partial write and for fallback to buffered write */
+	if (ret >= 0 && iov_iter_count(from)) {
+		loff_t pos, endbyte;
+		int ret2;
+
+		iocb->ki_flags &= ~IOCB_DIRECT;
+		pos = iocb->ki_pos;
+		status = generic_perform_write(iocb, from);
+		if (unlikely(status < 0)) {
+			ret = status;
+			goto out_unlock;
+		}
+
+		ret += status;
+		endbyte = pos + status - 1;
+		ret2 = filemap_write_and_wait_range(inode->i_mapping, pos,
+						    endbyte);
+		if (!ret2) {
+			invalidate_mapping_pages(inode->i_mapping,
+						 pos >> PAGE_SHIFT,
+						 endbyte >> PAGE_SHIFT);
+			if (ret > 0)
+				ret = generic_write_sync(iocb, ret);
+		} else {
+			ret = ret2;
+		}
+	}
+
+out_unlock:
+	inode_unlock(inode);
+	if (status)
+		trace_ext2_dio_write_buff_end(iocb, from, status);
+	trace_ext2_dio_write_end(iocb, from, ret);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static ssize_t ext2_file_read_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *to)
+{
+	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DIRECT)
+		return ext2_dio_read_iter(iocb, to);
+
+	return generic_file_read_iter(iocb, to);
+}
+
+static ssize_t ext2_file_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
+{
+	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DIRECT)
+		return ext2_dio_write_iter(iocb, from);
+
+	return generic_file_write_iter(iocb, from);
+}
+
+static int ext2_file_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
+{
+	filp->f_mode |= FMODE_CAN_ODIRECT;
+	return dquot_file_open(inode, filp);
+}
+
+const struct file_operations ext2_file_operations = {
+	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
+	.read_iter	= ext2_file_read_iter,
+	.write_iter	= ext2_file_write_iter,
+	.unlocked_ioctl = ext2_ioctl,
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+	.compat_ioctl	= ext2_compat_ioctl,
+#endif
+	.mmap_prepare	= generic_file_mmap_prepare,
+	.open		= ext2_file_open,
+	.release	= ext2_release_file,
+	.fsync		= simple_fsync,
+	.get_unmapped_area = thp_get_unmapped_area,
+	.splice_read	= filemap_splice_read,
+	.splice_write	= iter_file_splice_write,
+	.setlease	= generic_setlease,
+};
+
+const struct inode_operations ext2_file_inode_operations = {
+	.listxattr	= ext2_listxattr,
+	.getattr	= ext2_getattr,
+	.setattr	= ext2_setattr,
+	.get_inode_acl	= ext2_get_acl,
+	.set_acl	= ext2_set_acl,
+	.fiemap		= ext2_fiemap,
+	.fileattr_get	= ext2_fileattr_get,
+	.fileattr_set	= ext2_fileattr_set,
+};
diff --git a/fs/ext2/ialloc.c b/fs/ext2/ialloc.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bf21b57cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/ialloc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,673 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ *  linux/fs/ext2/ialloc.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
+ * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
+ * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
+ * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
+ *
+ *  BSD ufs-inspired inode and directory allocation by 
+ *  Stephen Tweedie (sct@dcs.ed.ac.uk), 1993
+ *  Big-endian to little-endian byte-swapping/bitmaps by
+ *        David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu), 1995
+ */
+
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/random.h>
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+
+/*
+ * ialloc.c contains the inodes allocation and deallocation routines
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The free inodes are managed by bitmaps.  A file system contains several
+ * blocks groups.  Each group contains 1 bitmap block for blocks, 1 bitmap
+ * block for inodes, N blocks for the inode table and data blocks.
+ *
+ * The file system contains group descriptors which are located after the
+ * super block.  Each descriptor contains the number of the bitmap block and
+ * the free blocks count in the block.
+ */
+
+
+/*
+ * Read the inode allocation bitmap for a given block_group, reading
+ * into the specified slot in the superblock's bitmap cache.
+ *
+ * Return buffer_head of bitmap on success or NULL.
+ */
+static struct buffer_head *
+read_inode_bitmap(struct super_block * sb, unsigned long block_group)
+{
+	struct ext2_group_desc *desc;
+	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
+
+	desc = ext2_get_group_desc(sb, block_group, NULL);
+	if (!desc)
+		goto error_out;
+
+	bh = sb_bread(sb, le32_to_cpu(desc->bg_inode_bitmap));
+	if (!bh)
+		ext2_error(sb, "read_inode_bitmap",
+			    "Cannot read inode bitmap - "
+			    "block_group = %lu, inode_bitmap = %u",
+			    block_group, le32_to_cpu(desc->bg_inode_bitmap));
+error_out:
+	return bh;
+}
+
+static void ext2_release_inode(struct super_block *sb, int group, int dir)
+{
+	struct ext2_group_desc * desc;
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+
+	desc = ext2_get_group_desc(sb, group, &bh);
+	if (!desc) {
+		ext2_error(sb, "ext2_release_inode",
+			"can't get descriptor for group %d", group);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	spin_lock(sb_bgl_lock(EXT2_SB(sb), group));
+	le16_add_cpu(&desc->bg_free_inodes_count, 1);
+	if (dir)
+		le16_add_cpu(&desc->bg_used_dirs_count, -1);
+	spin_unlock(sb_bgl_lock(EXT2_SB(sb), group));
+	percpu_counter_inc(&EXT2_SB(sb)->s_freeinodes_counter);
+	if (dir)
+		percpu_counter_dec(&EXT2_SB(sb)->s_dirs_counter);
+	mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
+}
+
+/*
+ * NOTE! When we get the inode, we're the only people
+ * that have access to it, and as such there are no
+ * race conditions we have to worry about. The inode
+ * is not on the hash-lists, and it cannot be reached
+ * through the filesystem because the directory entry
+ * has been deleted earlier.
+ *
+ * HOWEVER: we must make sure that we get no aliases,
+ * which means that we have to call "clear_inode()"
+ * _before_ we mark the inode not in use in the inode
+ * bitmaps. Otherwise a newly created file might use
+ * the same inode number (not actually the same pointer
+ * though), and then we'd have two inodes sharing the
+ * same inode number and space on the harddisk.
+ */
+void ext2_free_inode (struct inode * inode)
+{
+	struct super_block * sb = inode->i_sb;
+	int is_directory;
+	unsigned long ino;
+	struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh;
+	unsigned long block_group;
+	unsigned long bit;
+	struct ext2_super_block * es;
+
+	ino = inode->i_ino;
+	ext2_debug ("freeing inode %lu\n", ino);
+
+	/*
+	 * Note: we must free any quota before locking the superblock,
+	 * as writing the quota to disk may need the lock as well.
+	 */
+	/* Quota is already initialized in iput() */
+	dquot_free_inode(inode);
+	dquot_drop(inode);
+
+	es = EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es;
+	is_directory = S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode);
+
+	if (ino < EXT2_FIRST_INO(sb) ||
+	    ino > le32_to_cpu(es->s_inodes_count)) {
+		ext2_error (sb, "ext2_free_inode",
+			    "reserved or nonexistent inode %lu", ino);
+		return;
+	}
+	block_group = (ino - 1) / EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
+	bit = (ino - 1) % EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
+	bitmap_bh = read_inode_bitmap(sb, block_group);
+	if (!bitmap_bh)
+		return;
+
+	/* Ok, now we can actually update the inode bitmaps.. */
+	if (!ext2_clear_bit_atomic(sb_bgl_lock(EXT2_SB(sb), block_group),
+				bit, (void *) bitmap_bh->b_data))
+		ext2_error (sb, "ext2_free_inode",
+			      "bit already cleared for inode %lu", ino);
+	else
+		ext2_release_inode(sb, block_group, is_directory);
+	mark_buffer_dirty(bitmap_bh);
+	if (sb->s_flags & SB_SYNCHRONOUS)
+		sync_dirty_buffer(bitmap_bh);
+
+	brelse(bitmap_bh);
+}
+
+/*
+ * We perform asynchronous prereading of the new inode's inode block when
+ * we create the inode, in the expectation that the inode will be written
+ * back soon.  There are two reasons:
+ *
+ * - When creating a large number of files, the async prereads will be
+ *   nicely merged into large reads
+ * - When writing out a large number of inodes, we don't need to keep on
+ *   stalling the writes while we read the inode block.
+ *
+ * FIXME: ext2_get_group_desc() needs to be simplified.
+ */
+static void ext2_preread_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	unsigned long block_group;
+	unsigned long offset;
+	unsigned long block;
+	unsigned int ino = inode->i_ino;
+	struct ext2_group_desc * gdp;
+
+	block_group = (ino - 1) / EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(inode->i_sb);
+	gdp = ext2_get_group_desc(inode->i_sb, block_group, NULL);
+	if (gdp == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * Figure out the offset within the block group inode table
+	 */
+	offset = ((ino - 1) % EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(inode->i_sb)) *
+				EXT2_INODE_SIZE(inode->i_sb);
+	block = le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_inode_table) +
+				(offset >> EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(inode->i_sb));
+	sb_breadahead(inode->i_sb, block);
+}
+
+/*
+ * There are two policies for allocating an inode.  If the new inode is
+ * a directory, then a forward search is made for a block group with both
+ * free space and a low directory-to-inode ratio; if that fails, then of
+ * the groups with above-average free space, that group with the fewest
+ * directories already is chosen.
+ *
+ * For other inodes, search forward from the parent directory\'s block
+ * group to find a free inode.
+ */
+static int find_group_dir(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *parent)
+{
+	int ngroups = EXT2_SB(sb)->s_groups_count;
+	int avefreei = ext2_count_free_inodes(sb) / ngroups;
+	struct ext2_group_desc *desc, *best_desc = NULL;
+	int group, best_group = -1;
+
+	for (group = 0; group < ngroups; group++) {
+		desc = ext2_get_group_desc (sb, group, NULL);
+		if (!desc || !desc->bg_free_inodes_count)
+			continue;
+		if (le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_inodes_count) < avefreei)
+			continue;
+		if (!best_desc || 
+		    (le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_blocks_count) >
+		     le16_to_cpu(best_desc->bg_free_blocks_count))) {
+			best_group = group;
+			best_desc = desc;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return best_group;
+}
+
+/* 
+ * Orlov's allocator for directories. 
+ * 
+ * We always try to spread first-level directories.
+ *
+ * If there are blockgroups with both free inodes and free blocks counts 
+ * not worse than average we return one with smallest directory count. 
+ * Otherwise we simply return a random group. 
+ * 
+ * For the rest rules look so: 
+ * 
+ * It's OK to put directory into a group unless 
+ * it has too many directories already (max_dirs) or 
+ * it has too few free inodes left (min_inodes) or 
+ * it has too few free blocks left (min_blocks) or 
+ * it's already running too large debt (max_debt). 
+ * Parent's group is preferred, if it doesn't satisfy these 
+ * conditions we search cyclically through the rest. If none 
+ * of the groups look good we just look for a group with more 
+ * free inodes than average (starting at parent's group). 
+ * 
+ * Debt is incremented each time we allocate a directory and decremented 
+ * when we allocate an inode, within 0--255. 
+ */ 
+
+#define INODE_COST 64
+#define BLOCK_COST 256
+
+static int find_group_orlov(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *parent)
+{
+	int parent_group = EXT2_I(parent)->i_block_group;
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+	struct ext2_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
+	int ngroups = sbi->s_groups_count;
+	int inodes_per_group = EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
+	int freei;
+	int avefreei;
+	int free_blocks;
+	int avefreeb;
+	int blocks_per_dir;
+	int ndirs;
+	int max_debt, max_dirs, min_blocks, min_inodes;
+	int group = -1, i;
+	struct ext2_group_desc *desc;
+
+	freei = percpu_counter_read_positive(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter);
+	avefreei = freei / ngroups;
+	free_blocks = percpu_counter_read_positive(&sbi->s_freeblocks_counter);
+	avefreeb = free_blocks / ngroups;
+	ndirs = percpu_counter_read_positive(&sbi->s_dirs_counter);
+
+	if ((parent == d_inode(sb->s_root)) ||
+	    (EXT2_I(parent)->i_flags & EXT2_TOPDIR_FL)) {
+		int best_ndir = inodes_per_group;
+		int best_group = -1;
+
+		parent_group = get_random_u32_below(ngroups);
+		for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
+			group = (parent_group + i) % ngroups;
+			desc = ext2_get_group_desc (sb, group, NULL);
+			if (!desc || !desc->bg_free_inodes_count)
+				continue;
+			if (le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_used_dirs_count) >= best_ndir)
+				continue;
+			if (le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_inodes_count) < avefreei)
+				continue;
+			if (le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_blocks_count) < avefreeb)
+				continue;
+			best_group = group;
+			best_ndir = le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_used_dirs_count);
+		}
+		if (best_group >= 0) {
+			group = best_group;
+			goto found;
+		}
+		goto fallback;
+	}
+
+	if (ndirs == 0)
+		ndirs = 1;	/* percpu_counters are approximate... */
+
+	blocks_per_dir = (le32_to_cpu(es->s_blocks_count)-free_blocks) / ndirs;
+
+	max_dirs = ndirs / ngroups + inodes_per_group / 16;
+	min_inodes = avefreei - inodes_per_group / 4;
+	min_blocks = avefreeb - EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb) / 4;
+
+	max_debt = EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb) / max(blocks_per_dir, BLOCK_COST);
+	if (max_debt * INODE_COST > inodes_per_group)
+		max_debt = inodes_per_group / INODE_COST;
+	if (max_debt > 255)
+		max_debt = 255;
+	if (max_debt == 0)
+		max_debt = 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
+		group = (parent_group + i) % ngroups;
+		desc = ext2_get_group_desc (sb, group, NULL);
+		if (!desc || !desc->bg_free_inodes_count)
+			continue;
+		if (sbi->s_debts[group] >= max_debt)
+			continue;
+		if (le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_used_dirs_count) >= max_dirs)
+			continue;
+		if (le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_inodes_count) < min_inodes)
+			continue;
+		if (le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_blocks_count) < min_blocks)
+			continue;
+		goto found;
+	}
+
+fallback:
+	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
+		group = (parent_group + i) % ngroups;
+		desc = ext2_get_group_desc (sb, group, NULL);
+		if (!desc || !desc->bg_free_inodes_count)
+			continue;
+		if (le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_inodes_count) >= avefreei)
+			goto found;
+	}
+
+	if (avefreei) {
+		/*
+		 * The free-inodes counter is approximate, and for really small
+		 * filesystems the above test can fail to find any blockgroups
+		 */
+		avefreei = 0;
+		goto fallback;
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+
+found:
+	return group;
+}
+
+static int find_group_other(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *parent)
+{
+	int parent_group = EXT2_I(parent)->i_block_group;
+	int ngroups = EXT2_SB(sb)->s_groups_count;
+	struct ext2_group_desc *desc;
+	int group, i;
+
+	/*
+	 * Try to place the inode in its parent directory
+	 */
+	group = parent_group;
+	desc = ext2_get_group_desc (sb, group, NULL);
+	if (desc && le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_inodes_count) &&
+			le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_blocks_count))
+		goto found;
+
+	/*
+	 * We're going to place this inode in a different blockgroup from its
+	 * parent.  We want to cause files in a common directory to all land in
+	 * the same blockgroup.  But we want files which are in a different
+	 * directory which shares a blockgroup with our parent to land in a
+	 * different blockgroup.
+	 *
+	 * So add our directory's i_ino into the starting point for the hash.
+	 */
+	group = (group + (unsigned int)parent->i_ino) % ngroups;
+
+	/*
+	 * Use a quadratic hash to find a group with a free inode and some
+	 * free blocks.
+	 */
+	for (i = 1; i < ngroups; i <<= 1) {
+		group += i;
+		if (group >= ngroups)
+			group -= ngroups;
+		desc = ext2_get_group_desc (sb, group, NULL);
+		if (desc && le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_inodes_count) &&
+				le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_blocks_count))
+			goto found;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * That failed: try linear search for a free inode, even if that group
+	 * has no free blocks.
+	 */
+	group = parent_group;
+	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
+		if (++group >= ngroups)
+			group = 0;
+		desc = ext2_get_group_desc (sb, group, NULL);
+		if (desc && le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_inodes_count))
+			goto found;
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+
+found:
+	return group;
+}
+
+struct inode *ext2_new_inode(struct inode *dir, umode_t mode,
+			     const struct qstr *qstr)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb;
+	struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh = NULL;
+	struct buffer_head *bh2;
+	int group, i;
+	ino_t ino = 0;
+	struct inode * inode;
+	struct ext2_group_desc *gdp;
+	struct ext2_super_block *es;
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei;
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi;
+	int err;
+
+	sb = dir->i_sb;
+	inode = new_inode(sb);
+	if (!inode)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	ei = EXT2_I(inode);
+	sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+	es = sbi->s_es;
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
+		if (test_opt(sb, OLDALLOC))
+			group = find_group_dir(sb, dir);
+		else
+			group = find_group_orlov(sb, dir);
+	} else 
+		group = find_group_other(sb, dir);
+
+	if (group == -1) {
+		err = -ENOSPC;
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < sbi->s_groups_count; i++) {
+		gdp = ext2_get_group_desc(sb, group, &bh2);
+		if (!gdp) {
+			if (++group == sbi->s_groups_count)
+				group = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
+		brelse(bitmap_bh);
+		bitmap_bh = read_inode_bitmap(sb, group);
+		if (!bitmap_bh) {
+			err = -EIO;
+			goto fail;
+		}
+		ino = 0;
+
+repeat_in_this_group:
+		ino = ext2_find_next_zero_bit((unsigned long *)bitmap_bh->b_data,
+					      EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb), ino);
+		if (ino >= EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb)) {
+			/*
+			 * Rare race: find_group_xx() decided that there were
+			 * free inodes in this group, but by the time we tried
+			 * to allocate one, they're all gone.  This can also
+			 * occur because the counters which find_group_orlov()
+			 * uses are approximate.  So just go and search the
+			 * next block group.
+			 */
+			if (++group == sbi->s_groups_count)
+				group = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (ext2_set_bit_atomic(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, group),
+						ino, bitmap_bh->b_data)) {
+			/* we lost this inode */
+			if (++ino >= EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb)) {
+				/* this group is exhausted, try next group */
+				if (++group == sbi->s_groups_count)
+					group = 0;
+				continue;
+			}
+			/* try to find free inode in the same group */
+			goto repeat_in_this_group;
+		}
+		goto got;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Scanned all blockgroups.
+	 */
+	brelse(bitmap_bh);
+	err = -ENOSPC;
+	goto fail;
+got:
+	mark_buffer_dirty(bitmap_bh);
+	if (sb->s_flags & SB_SYNCHRONOUS)
+		sync_dirty_buffer(bitmap_bh);
+	brelse(bitmap_bh);
+
+	ino += group * EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) + 1;
+	if (ino < EXT2_FIRST_INO(sb) || ino > le32_to_cpu(es->s_inodes_count)) {
+		ext2_error (sb, "ext2_new_inode",
+			    "reserved inode or inode > inodes count - "
+			    "block_group = %d,inode=%lu", group,
+			    (unsigned long) ino);
+		err = -EIO;
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	percpu_counter_dec(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter);
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
+		percpu_counter_inc(&sbi->s_dirs_counter);
+
+	spin_lock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, group));
+	le16_add_cpu(&gdp->bg_free_inodes_count, -1);
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
+		if (sbi->s_debts[group] < 255)
+			sbi->s_debts[group]++;
+		le16_add_cpu(&gdp->bg_used_dirs_count, 1);
+	} else {
+		if (sbi->s_debts[group])
+			sbi->s_debts[group]--;
+	}
+	spin_unlock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, group));
+
+	mark_buffer_dirty(bh2);
+	if (test_opt(sb, GRPID)) {
+		inode->i_mode = mode;
+		inode->i_uid = current_fsuid();
+		inode->i_gid = dir->i_gid;
+	} else
+		inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, dir, mode);
+
+	inode->i_ino = ino;
+	inode->i_blocks = 0;
+	simple_inode_init_ts(inode);
+	memset(ei->i_data, 0, sizeof(ei->i_data));
+	ei->i_flags =
+		ext2_mask_flags(mode, EXT2_I(dir)->i_flags & EXT2_FL_INHERITED);
+	ei->i_faddr = 0;
+	ei->i_frag_no = 0;
+	ei->i_frag_size = 0;
+	ei->i_file_acl = 0;
+	ei->i_dir_acl = 0;
+	ei->i_dtime = 0;
+	ei->i_block_alloc_info = NULL;
+	ei->i_block_group = group;
+	ei->i_dir_start_lookup = 0;
+	ei->i_state = EXT2_STATE_NEW;
+	ext2_set_inode_flags(inode);
+	spin_lock(&sbi->s_next_gen_lock);
+	inode->i_generation = sbi->s_next_generation++;
+	spin_unlock(&sbi->s_next_gen_lock);
+	if (insert_inode_locked(inode) < 0) {
+		ext2_error(sb, "ext2_new_inode",
+			   "inode number already in use - inode=%lu",
+			   (unsigned long) ino);
+		err = -EIO;
+		goto fail;
+	}
+
+	err = dquot_initialize(inode);
+	if (err)
+		goto fail_drop;
+
+	err = dquot_alloc_inode(inode);
+	if (err)
+		goto fail_drop;
+
+	err = ext2_init_acl(inode, dir);
+	if (err)
+		goto fail_free_drop;
+
+	err = ext2_init_security(inode, dir, qstr);
+	if (err)
+		goto fail_free_drop;
+
+	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+	ext2_debug("allocating inode %llu\n", inode->i_ino);
+	ext2_preread_inode(inode);
+	return inode;
+
+fail_free_drop:
+	dquot_free_inode(inode);
+
+fail_drop:
+	dquot_drop(inode);
+	inode->i_flags |= S_NOQUOTA;
+	clear_nlink(inode);
+	discard_new_inode(inode);
+	return ERR_PTR(err);
+
+fail:
+	make_bad_inode(inode);
+	iput(inode);
+	return ERR_PTR(err);
+}
+
+unsigned long ext2_count_free_inodes (struct super_block * sb)
+{
+	struct ext2_group_desc *desc;
+	unsigned long desc_count = 0;
+	int i;	
+
+#ifdef EXT2FS_DEBUG
+	struct ext2_super_block *es;
+	unsigned long bitmap_count = 0;
+	struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh = NULL;
+
+	es = EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es;
+	for (i = 0; i < EXT2_SB(sb)->s_groups_count; i++) {
+		unsigned x;
+
+		desc = ext2_get_group_desc (sb, i, NULL);
+		if (!desc)
+			continue;
+		desc_count += le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_inodes_count);
+		brelse(bitmap_bh);
+		bitmap_bh = read_inode_bitmap(sb, i);
+		if (!bitmap_bh)
+			continue;
+
+		x = ext2_count_free(bitmap_bh, EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8);
+		printk("group %d: stored = %d, counted = %u\n",
+			i, le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_inodes_count), x);
+		bitmap_count += x;
+	}
+	brelse(bitmap_bh);
+	printk("ext2_count_free_inodes: stored = %lu, computed = %lu, %lu\n",
+		(unsigned long)
+		percpu_counter_read(&EXT2_SB(sb)->s_freeinodes_counter),
+		desc_count, bitmap_count);
+	return desc_count;
+#else
+	for (i = 0; i < EXT2_SB(sb)->s_groups_count; i++) {
+		desc = ext2_get_group_desc (sb, i, NULL);
+		if (!desc)
+			continue;
+		desc_count += le16_to_cpu(desc->bg_free_inodes_count);
+	}
+	return desc_count;
+#endif
+}
+
+/* Called at mount-time, super-block is locked */
+unsigned long ext2_count_dirs (struct super_block * sb)
+{
+	unsigned long count = 0;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < EXT2_SB(sb)->s_groups_count; i++) {
+		struct ext2_group_desc *gdp = ext2_get_group_desc (sb, i, NULL);
+		if (!gdp)
+			continue;
+		count += le16_to_cpu(gdp->bg_used_dirs_count);
+	}
+	return count;
+}
+
diff --git a/fs/ext2/inode.c b/fs/ext2/inode.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a9245f0cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/inode.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1652 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ *  linux/fs/ext2/inode.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
+ * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
+ * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
+ * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
+ *
+ *  from
+ *
+ *  linux/fs/minix/inode.c
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
+ *
+ *  Goal-directed block allocation by Stephen Tweedie
+ * 	(sct@dcs.ed.ac.uk), 1993, 1998
+ *  Big-endian to little-endian byte-swapping/bitmaps by
+ *        David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu), 1995
+ *  64-bit file support on 64-bit platforms by Jakub Jelinek
+ * 	(jj@sunsite.ms.mff.cuni.cz)
+ *
+ *  Assorted race fixes, rewrite of ext2_get_block() by Al Viro, 2000
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/highuid.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include <linux/writeback.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/mpage.h>
+#include <linux/fiemap.h>
+#include <linux/iomap.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
+#include <linux/uio.h>
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+
+/*
+ * Test whether an inode is a fast symlink.
+ */
+static inline int ext2_inode_is_fast_symlink(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	int ea_blocks = EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl ?
+		(inode->i_sb->s_blocksize >> 9) : 0;
+
+	return (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode) &&
+		inode->i_blocks - ea_blocks == 0);
+}
+
+static void ext2_truncate_blocks(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset);
+
+void ext2_write_failed(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t to)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
+
+	if (to > inode->i_size) {
+		truncate_pagecache(inode, inode->i_size);
+		ext2_truncate_blocks(inode, inode->i_size);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called at the last iput() if i_nlink is zero.
+ */
+void ext2_evict_inode(struct inode * inode)
+{
+	struct ext2_block_alloc_info *rsv;
+	int want_delete = 0;
+
+	if (!inode->i_nlink && !is_bad_inode(inode)) {
+		want_delete = 1;
+		dquot_initialize(inode);
+	} else {
+		dquot_drop(inode);
+	}
+
+	truncate_inode_pages_final(&inode->i_data);
+
+	if (want_delete) {
+		sb_start_intwrite(inode->i_sb);
+		/* set dtime */
+		EXT2_I(inode)->i_dtime	= ktime_get_real_seconds();
+		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+		sync_inode_metadata(inode, inode_needs_sync(inode));
+		/* truncate to 0 */
+		inode->i_size = 0;
+		if (inode->i_blocks)
+			ext2_truncate_blocks(inode, 0);
+		ext2_xattr_delete_inode(inode);
+	} else {
+		mmb_sync(&EXT2_I(inode)->i_metadata_bhs);
+	}
+	mmb_invalidate(&EXT2_I(inode)->i_metadata_bhs);
+	clear_inode(inode);
+
+	ext2_discard_reservation(inode);
+	rsv = EXT2_I(inode)->i_block_alloc_info;
+	EXT2_I(inode)->i_block_alloc_info = NULL;
+	if (unlikely(rsv))
+		kfree(rsv);
+
+	if (want_delete) {
+		ext2_free_inode(inode);
+		sb_end_intwrite(inode->i_sb);
+	}
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+	__le32	*p;
+	__le32	key;
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+} Indirect;
+
+static inline void add_chain(Indirect *p, struct buffer_head *bh, __le32 *v)
+{
+	p->key = *(p->p = v);
+	p->bh = bh;
+}
+
+static inline int verify_chain(Indirect *from, Indirect *to)
+{
+	while (from <= to && from->key == *from->p)
+		from++;
+	return (from > to);
+}
+
+/**
+ *	ext2_block_to_path - parse the block number into array of offsets
+ *	@inode: inode in question (we are only interested in its superblock)
+ *	@i_block: block number to be parsed
+ *	@offsets: array to store the offsets in
+ *      @boundary: set this non-zero if the referred-to block is likely to be
+ *             followed (on disk) by an indirect block.
+ *	To store the locations of file's data ext2 uses a data structure common
+ *	for UNIX filesystems - tree of pointers anchored in the inode, with
+ *	data blocks at leaves and indirect blocks in intermediate nodes.
+ *	This function translates the block number into path in that tree -
+ *	return value is the path length and @offsets[n] is the offset of
+ *	pointer to (n+1)th node in the nth one. If @block is out of range
+ *	(negative or too large) warning is printed and zero returned.
+ *
+ *	Note: function doesn't find node addresses, so no IO is needed. All
+ *	we need to know is the capacity of indirect blocks (taken from the
+ *	inode->i_sb).
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Portability note: the last comparison (check that we fit into triple
+ * indirect block) is spelled differently, because otherwise on an
+ * architecture with 32-bit longs and 8Kb pages we might get into trouble
+ * if our filesystem had 8Kb blocks. We might use long long, but that would
+ * kill us on x86. Oh, well, at least the sign propagation does not matter -
+ * i_block would have to be negative in the very beginning, so we would not
+ * get there at all.
+ */
+
+static int ext2_block_to_path(struct inode *inode,
+			long i_block, int offsets[4], int *boundary)
+{
+	int ptrs = EXT2_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(inode->i_sb);
+	int ptrs_bits = EXT2_ADDR_PER_BLOCK_BITS(inode->i_sb);
+	const long direct_blocks = EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS,
+		indirect_blocks = ptrs,
+		double_blocks = (1 << (ptrs_bits * 2));
+	int n = 0;
+	int final = 0;
+
+	if (i_block < 0) {
+		ext2_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			"warning: %s: block < 0", __func__);
+	} else if (i_block < direct_blocks) {
+		offsets[n++] = i_block;
+		final = direct_blocks;
+	} else if ( (i_block -= direct_blocks) < indirect_blocks) {
+		offsets[n++] = EXT2_IND_BLOCK;
+		offsets[n++] = i_block;
+		final = ptrs;
+	} else if ((i_block -= indirect_blocks) < double_blocks) {
+		offsets[n++] = EXT2_DIND_BLOCK;
+		offsets[n++] = i_block >> ptrs_bits;
+		offsets[n++] = i_block & (ptrs - 1);
+		final = ptrs;
+	} else if (((i_block -= double_blocks) >> (ptrs_bits * 2)) < ptrs) {
+		offsets[n++] = EXT2_TIND_BLOCK;
+		offsets[n++] = i_block >> (ptrs_bits * 2);
+		offsets[n++] = (i_block >> ptrs_bits) & (ptrs - 1);
+		offsets[n++] = i_block & (ptrs - 1);
+		final = ptrs;
+	} else {
+		ext2_msg(inode->i_sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			"warning: %s: block is too big", __func__);
+	}
+	if (boundary)
+		*boundary = final - 1 - (i_block & (ptrs - 1));
+
+	return n;
+}
+
+/**
+ *	ext2_get_branch - read the chain of indirect blocks leading to data
+ *	@inode: inode in question
+ *	@depth: depth of the chain (1 - direct pointer, etc.)
+ *	@offsets: offsets of pointers in inode/indirect blocks
+ *	@chain: place to store the result
+ *	@err: here we store the error value
+ *
+ *	Function fills the array of triples <key, p, bh> and returns %NULL
+ *	if everything went OK or the pointer to the last filled triple
+ *	(incomplete one) otherwise. Upon the return chain[i].key contains
+ *	the number of (i+1)-th block in the chain (as it is stored in memory,
+ *	i.e. little-endian 32-bit), chain[i].p contains the address of that
+ *	number (it points into struct inode for i==0 and into the bh->b_data
+ *	for i>0) and chain[i].bh points to the buffer_head of i-th indirect
+ *	block for i>0 and NULL for i==0. In other words, it holds the block
+ *	numbers of the chain, addresses they were taken from (and where we can
+ *	verify that chain did not change) and buffer_heads hosting these
+ *	numbers.
+ *
+ *	Function stops when it stumbles upon zero pointer (absent block)
+ *		(pointer to last triple returned, *@err == 0)
+ *	or when it gets an IO error reading an indirect block
+ *		(ditto, *@err == -EIO)
+ *	or when it notices that chain had been changed while it was reading
+ *		(ditto, *@err == -EAGAIN)
+ *	or when it reads all @depth-1 indirect blocks successfully and finds
+ *	the whole chain, all way to the data (returns %NULL, *err == 0).
+ */
+static Indirect *ext2_get_branch(struct inode *inode,
+				 int depth,
+				 int *offsets,
+				 Indirect chain[4],
+				 int *err)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+	Indirect *p = chain;
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+
+	*err = 0;
+	/* i_data is not going away, no lock needed */
+	add_chain (chain, NULL, EXT2_I(inode)->i_data + *offsets);
+	if (!p->key)
+		goto no_block;
+	while (--depth) {
+		bh = sb_bread(sb, le32_to_cpu(p->key));
+		if (!bh)
+			goto failure;
+		read_lock(&EXT2_I(inode)->i_meta_lock);
+		if (!verify_chain(chain, p))
+			goto changed;
+		add_chain(++p, bh, (__le32*)bh->b_data + *++offsets);
+		read_unlock(&EXT2_I(inode)->i_meta_lock);
+		if (!p->key)
+			goto no_block;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+
+changed:
+	read_unlock(&EXT2_I(inode)->i_meta_lock);
+	brelse(bh);
+	*err = -EAGAIN;
+	goto no_block;
+failure:
+	*err = -EIO;
+no_block:
+	return p;
+}
+
+/**
+ *	ext2_find_near - find a place for allocation with sufficient locality
+ *	@inode: owner
+ *	@ind: descriptor of indirect block.
+ *
+ *	This function returns the preferred place for block allocation.
+ *	It is used when heuristic for sequential allocation fails.
+ *	Rules are:
+ *	  + if there is a block to the left of our position - allocate near it.
+ *	  + if pointer will live in indirect block - allocate near that block.
+ *	  + if pointer will live in inode - allocate in the same cylinder group.
+ *
+ * In the latter case we colour the starting block by the callers PID to
+ * prevent it from clashing with concurrent allocations for a different inode
+ * in the same block group.   The PID is used here so that functionally related
+ * files will be close-by on-disk.
+ *
+ *	Caller must make sure that @ind is valid and will stay that way.
+ */
+
+static ext2_fsblk_t ext2_find_near(struct inode *inode, Indirect *ind)
+{
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei = EXT2_I(inode);
+	__le32 *start = ind->bh ? (__le32 *) ind->bh->b_data : ei->i_data;
+	__le32 *p;
+	ext2_fsblk_t bg_start;
+	ext2_fsblk_t colour;
+
+	/* Try to find previous block */
+	for (p = ind->p - 1; p >= start; p--)
+		if (*p)
+			return le32_to_cpu(*p);
+
+	/* No such thing, so let's try location of indirect block */
+	if (ind->bh)
+		return ind->bh->b_blocknr;
+
+	/*
+	 * It is going to be referred from inode itself? OK, just put it into
+	 * the same cylinder group then.
+	 */
+	bg_start = ext2_group_first_block_no(inode->i_sb, ei->i_block_group);
+	colour = (current->pid % 16) *
+			(EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(inode->i_sb) / 16);
+	return bg_start + colour;
+}
+
+/**
+ *	ext2_find_goal - find a preferred place for allocation.
+ *	@inode: owner
+ *	@block:  block we want
+ *	@partial: pointer to the last triple within a chain
+ *
+ *	Returns preferred place for a block (the goal).
+ */
+
+static inline ext2_fsblk_t ext2_find_goal(struct inode *inode, long block,
+					  Indirect *partial)
+{
+	struct ext2_block_alloc_info *block_i;
+
+	block_i = EXT2_I(inode)->i_block_alloc_info;
+
+	/*
+	 * try the heuristic for sequential allocation,
+	 * failing that at least try to get decent locality.
+	 */
+	if (block_i && (block == block_i->last_alloc_logical_block + 1)
+		&& (block_i->last_alloc_physical_block != 0)) {
+		return block_i->last_alloc_physical_block + 1;
+	}
+
+	return ext2_find_near(inode, partial);
+}
+
+/**
+ *	ext2_blks_to_allocate: Look up the block map and count the number
+ *	of direct blocks need to be allocated for the given branch.
+ *
+ * 	@branch: chain of indirect blocks
+ *	@k: number of blocks need for indirect blocks
+ *	@blks: number of data blocks to be mapped.
+ *	@blocks_to_boundary:  the offset in the indirect block
+ *
+ *	return the number of direct blocks to allocate.
+ */
+static int
+ext2_blks_to_allocate(Indirect * branch, int k, unsigned long blks,
+		int blocks_to_boundary)
+{
+	unsigned long count = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Simple case, [t,d]Indirect block(s) has not allocated yet
+	 * then it's clear blocks on that path have not allocated
+	 */
+	if (k > 0) {
+		/* right now don't hanel cross boundary allocation */
+		if (blks < blocks_to_boundary + 1)
+			count += blks;
+		else
+			count += blocks_to_boundary + 1;
+		return count;
+	}
+
+	count++;
+	while (count < blks && count <= blocks_to_boundary
+		&& le32_to_cpu(*(branch[0].p + count)) == 0) {
+		count++;
+	}
+	return count;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ext2_alloc_blocks: Allocate multiple blocks needed for a branch.
+ * @inode: Owner.
+ * @goal: Preferred place for allocation.
+ * @indirect_blks: The number of blocks needed to allocate for indirect blocks.
+ * @blks: The number of blocks need to allocate for direct blocks.
+ * @new_blocks: On return it will store the new block numbers for
+ *	the indirect blocks(if needed) and the first direct block.
+ * @err: Error pointer.
+ *
+ * Return: Number of blocks allocated.
+ */
+static int ext2_alloc_blocks(struct inode *inode,
+			ext2_fsblk_t goal, int indirect_blks, int blks,
+			ext2_fsblk_t new_blocks[4], int *err)
+{
+	int target, i;
+	unsigned long count = 0;
+	int index = 0;
+	ext2_fsblk_t current_block = 0;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Here we try to allocate the requested multiple blocks at once,
+	 * on a best-effort basis.
+	 * To build a branch, we should allocate blocks for
+	 * the indirect blocks(if not allocated yet), and at least
+	 * the first direct block of this branch.  That's the
+	 * minimum number of blocks need to allocate(required)
+	 */
+	target = blks + indirect_blks;
+
+	while (1) {
+		count = target;
+		/* allocating blocks for indirect blocks and direct blocks */
+		current_block = ext2_new_blocks(inode, goal, &count, err, 0);
+		if (*err)
+			goto failed_out;
+
+		target -= count;
+		/* allocate blocks for indirect blocks */
+		while (index < indirect_blks && count) {
+			new_blocks[index++] = current_block++;
+			count--;
+		}
+
+		if (count > 0)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	/* save the new block number for the first direct block */
+	new_blocks[index] = current_block;
+
+	/* total number of blocks allocated for direct blocks */
+	ret = count;
+	*err = 0;
+	return ret;
+failed_out:
+	for (i = 0; i <index; i++)
+		ext2_free_blocks(inode, new_blocks[i], 1);
+	if (index)
+		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ *	ext2_alloc_branch - allocate and set up a chain of blocks.
+ *	@inode: owner
+ *	@indirect_blks: depth of the chain (number of blocks to allocate)
+ *	@blks: number of allocated direct blocks
+ *	@goal: preferred place for allocation
+ *	@offsets: offsets (in the blocks) to store the pointers to next.
+ *	@branch: place to store the chain in.
+ *
+ *	This function allocates @num blocks, zeroes out all but the last one,
+ *	links them into chain and (if we are synchronous) writes them to disk.
+ *	In other words, it prepares a branch that can be spliced onto the
+ *	inode. It stores the information about that chain in the branch[], in
+ *	the same format as ext2_get_branch() would do. We are calling it after
+ *	we had read the existing part of chain and partial points to the last
+ *	triple of that (one with zero ->key). Upon the exit we have the same
+ *	picture as after the successful ext2_get_block(), except that in one
+ *	place chain is disconnected - *branch->p is still zero (we did not
+ *	set the last link), but branch->key contains the number that should
+ *	be placed into *branch->p to fill that gap.
+ *
+ *	If allocation fails we free all blocks we've allocated (and forget
+ *	their buffer_heads) and return the error value the from failed
+ *	ext2_alloc_block() (normally -ENOSPC). Otherwise we set the chain
+ *	as described above and return 0.
+ */
+
+static int ext2_alloc_branch(struct inode *inode,
+			int indirect_blks, int *blks, ext2_fsblk_t goal,
+			int *offsets, Indirect *branch)
+{
+	int blocksize = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+	int i, n = 0;
+	int err = 0;
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	int num;
+	ext2_fsblk_t new_blocks[4];
+	ext2_fsblk_t current_block;
+
+	num = ext2_alloc_blocks(inode, goal, indirect_blks,
+				*blks, new_blocks, &err);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	branch[0].key = cpu_to_le32(new_blocks[0]);
+	/*
+	 * metadata blocks and data blocks are allocated.
+	 */
+	for (n = 1; n <= indirect_blks;  n++) {
+		/*
+		 * Get buffer_head for parent block, zero it out
+		 * and set the pointer to new one, then send
+		 * parent to disk.
+		 */
+		bh = sb_getblk(inode->i_sb, new_blocks[n-1]);
+		if (unlikely(!bh)) {
+			err = -ENOMEM;
+			goto failed;
+		}
+		branch[n].bh = bh;
+		lock_buffer(bh);
+		memset(bh->b_data, 0, blocksize);
+		branch[n].p = (__le32 *) bh->b_data + offsets[n];
+		branch[n].key = cpu_to_le32(new_blocks[n]);
+		*branch[n].p = branch[n].key;
+		if ( n == indirect_blks) {
+			current_block = new_blocks[n];
+			/*
+			 * End of chain, update the last new metablock of
+			 * the chain to point to the new allocated
+			 * data blocks numbers
+			 */
+			for (i=1; i < num; i++)
+				*(branch[n].p + i) = cpu_to_le32(++current_block);
+		}
+		set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+		unlock_buffer(bh);
+		mmb_mark_buffer_dirty(bh, &EXT2_I(inode)->i_metadata_bhs);
+		/* We used to sync bh here if IS_SYNC(inode).
+		 * But we now rely upon generic_write_sync()
+		 * and b_inode_buffers.  But not for directories.
+		 */
+		if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && IS_DIRSYNC(inode))
+			sync_dirty_buffer(bh);
+	}
+	*blks = num;
+	return err;
+
+failed:
+	for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
+		bforget(branch[i].bh);
+	for (i = 0; i < indirect_blks; i++)
+		ext2_free_blocks(inode, new_blocks[i], 1);
+	ext2_free_blocks(inode, new_blocks[i], num);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ext2_splice_branch - splice the allocated branch onto inode.
+ * @inode: owner
+ * @block: (logical) number of block we are adding
+ * @where: location of missing link
+ * @num:   number of indirect blocks we are adding
+ * @blks:  number of direct blocks we are adding
+ *
+ * This function fills the missing link and does all housekeeping needed in
+ * inode (->i_blocks, etc.). In case of success we end up with the full
+ * chain to new block and return 0.
+ */
+static void ext2_splice_branch(struct inode *inode,
+			long block, Indirect *where, int num, int blks)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct ext2_block_alloc_info *block_i;
+	ext2_fsblk_t current_block;
+
+	block_i = EXT2_I(inode)->i_block_alloc_info;
+
+	/* XXX LOCKING probably should have i_meta_lock ?*/
+	/* That's it */
+
+	*where->p = where->key;
+
+	/*
+	 * Update the host buffer_head or inode to point to more just allocated
+	 * direct blocks blocks
+	 */
+	if (num == 0 && blks > 1) {
+		current_block = le32_to_cpu(where->key) + 1;
+		for (i = 1; i < blks; i++)
+			*(where->p + i ) = cpu_to_le32(current_block++);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * update the most recently allocated logical & physical block
+	 * in i_block_alloc_info, to assist find the proper goal block for next
+	 * allocation
+	 */
+	if (block_i) {
+		block_i->last_alloc_logical_block = block + blks - 1;
+		block_i->last_alloc_physical_block =
+				le32_to_cpu(where[num].key) + blks - 1;
+	}
+
+	/* We are done with atomic stuff, now do the rest of housekeeping */
+
+	/* had we spliced it onto indirect block? */
+	if (where->bh)
+		mmb_mark_buffer_dirty(where->bh, &EXT2_I(inode)->i_metadata_bhs);
+
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Allocation strategy is simple: if we have to allocate something, we will
+ * have to go the whole way to leaf. So let's do it before attaching anything
+ * to tree, set linkage between the newborn blocks, write them if sync is
+ * required, recheck the path, free and repeat if check fails, otherwise
+ * set the last missing link (that will protect us from any truncate-generated
+ * removals - all blocks on the path are immune now) and possibly force the
+ * write on the parent block.
+ * That has a nice additional property: no special recovery from the failed
+ * allocations is needed - we simply release blocks and do not touch anything
+ * reachable from inode.
+ *
+ * `handle' can be NULL if create == 0.
+ *
+ * return > 0, # of blocks mapped or allocated.
+ * return = 0, if plain lookup failed.
+ * return < 0, error case.
+ */
+static int ext2_get_blocks(struct inode *inode,
+			   sector_t iblock, unsigned long maxblocks,
+			   u32 *bno, bool *new, bool *boundary,
+			   int create)
+{
+	int err;
+	int offsets[4];
+	Indirect chain[4];
+	Indirect *partial;
+	ext2_fsblk_t goal;
+	int indirect_blks;
+	int blocks_to_boundary = 0;
+	int depth;
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei = EXT2_I(inode);
+	int count = 0;
+	ext2_fsblk_t first_block = 0;
+
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(maxblocks == 0))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	depth = ext2_block_to_path(inode,iblock,offsets,&blocks_to_boundary);
+
+	if (depth == 0)
+		return -EIO;
+
+	partial = ext2_get_branch(inode, depth, offsets, chain, &err);
+	/* Simplest case - block found, no allocation needed */
+	if (!partial) {
+		first_block = le32_to_cpu(chain[depth - 1].key);
+		count++;
+		/*map more blocks*/
+		while (count < maxblocks && count <= blocks_to_boundary) {
+			ext2_fsblk_t blk;
+
+			if (!verify_chain(chain, chain + depth - 1)) {
+				/*
+				 * Indirect block might be removed by
+				 * truncate while we were reading it.
+				 * Handling of that case: forget what we've
+				 * got now, go to reread.
+				 */
+				err = -EAGAIN;
+				count = 0;
+				partial = chain + depth - 1;
+				break;
+			}
+			blk = le32_to_cpu(*(chain[depth-1].p + count));
+			if (blk == first_block + count)
+				count++;
+			else
+				break;
+		}
+		if (err != -EAGAIN)
+			goto got_it;
+	}
+
+	/* Next simple case - plain lookup or failed read of indirect block */
+	if (!create || err == -EIO)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	mutex_lock(&ei->truncate_mutex);
+	/*
+	 * If the indirect block is missing while we are reading
+	 * the chain(ext2_get_branch() returns -EAGAIN err), or
+	 * if the chain has been changed after we grab the semaphore,
+	 * (either because another process truncated this branch, or
+	 * another get_block allocated this branch) re-grab the chain to see if
+	 * the request block has been allocated or not.
+	 *
+	 * Since we already block the truncate/other get_block
+	 * at this point, we will have the current copy of the chain when we
+	 * splice the branch into the tree.
+	 */
+	if (err == -EAGAIN || !verify_chain(chain, partial)) {
+		while (partial > chain) {
+			brelse(partial->bh);
+			partial--;
+		}
+		partial = ext2_get_branch(inode, depth, offsets, chain, &err);
+		if (!partial) {
+			count++;
+			mutex_unlock(&ei->truncate_mutex);
+			goto got_it;
+		}
+
+		if (err) {
+			mutex_unlock(&ei->truncate_mutex);
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Okay, we need to do block allocation.  Lazily initialize the block
+	 * allocation info here if necessary
+	*/
+	if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) && (!ei->i_block_alloc_info))
+		ext2_init_block_alloc_info(inode);
+
+	goal = ext2_find_goal(inode, iblock, partial);
+
+	/* the number of blocks need to allocate for [d,t]indirect blocks */
+	indirect_blks = (chain + depth) - partial - 1;
+	/*
+	 * Next look up the indirect map to count the total number of
+	 * direct blocks to allocate for this branch.
+	 */
+	count = ext2_blks_to_allocate(partial, indirect_blks,
+					maxblocks, blocks_to_boundary);
+	/*
+	 * XXX ???? Block out ext2_truncate while we alter the tree
+	 */
+	err = ext2_alloc_branch(inode, indirect_blks, &count, goal,
+				offsets + (partial - chain), partial);
+
+	if (err) {
+		mutex_unlock(&ei->truncate_mutex);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	*new = true;
+
+	ext2_splice_branch(inode, iblock, partial, indirect_blks, count);
+	mutex_unlock(&ei->truncate_mutex);
+got_it:
+	if (count > blocks_to_boundary)
+		*boundary = true;
+	err = count;
+	/* Clean up and exit */
+	partial = chain + depth - 1;	/* the whole chain */
+cleanup:
+	while (partial > chain) {
+		brelse(partial->bh);
+		partial--;
+	}
+	if (err > 0)
+		*bno = le32_to_cpu(chain[depth-1].key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int ext2_get_block(struct inode *inode, sector_t iblock,
+		struct buffer_head *bh_result, int create)
+{
+	unsigned max_blocks = bh_result->b_size >> inode->i_blkbits;
+	bool new = false, boundary = false;
+	u32 bno;
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = ext2_get_blocks(inode, iblock, max_blocks, &bno, &new, &boundary,
+			create);
+	if (ret <= 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	map_bh(bh_result, inode->i_sb, bno);
+	bh_result->b_size = (ret << inode->i_blkbits);
+	if (new)
+		set_buffer_new(bh_result);
+	if (boundary)
+		set_buffer_boundary(bh_result);
+	return 0;
+
+}
+
+static int ext2_iomap_begin(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t length,
+		unsigned flags, struct iomap *iomap, struct iomap *srcmap)
+{
+	unsigned int blkbits = inode->i_blkbits;
+	unsigned long first_block = offset >> blkbits;
+	unsigned long max_blocks = (length + (1 << blkbits) - 1) >> blkbits;
+	bool new = false, boundary = false;
+	u32 bno;
+	int ret;
+	bool create = flags & IOMAP_WRITE;
+
+	/*
+	 * For writes that could fill holes inside i_size on a
+	 * DIO_SKIP_HOLES filesystem we forbid block creations: only
+	 * overwrites are permitted.
+	 */
+	if ((flags & IOMAP_DIRECT) &&
+	    (first_block << blkbits) < i_size_read(inode))
+		create = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Writes that span EOF might trigger an IO size update on completion,
+	 * so consider them to be dirty for the purposes of O_DSYNC even if
+	 * there is no other metadata changes pending or have been made here.
+	 */
+	if ((flags & IOMAP_WRITE) && offset + length > i_size_read(inode))
+		iomap->flags |= IOMAP_F_DIRTY;
+
+	ret = ext2_get_blocks(inode, first_block, max_blocks,
+			&bno, &new, &boundary, create);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	iomap->flags = 0;
+	iomap->offset = (u64)first_block << blkbits;
+	iomap->bdev = inode->i_sb->s_bdev;
+
+	if (ret == 0) {
+		/*
+		 * Switch to buffered-io for writing to holes in a non-extent
+		 * based filesystem to avoid stale data exposure problem.
+		 */
+		if (!create && (flags & IOMAP_WRITE) && (flags & IOMAP_DIRECT))
+			return -ENOTBLK;
+		iomap->type = IOMAP_HOLE;
+		iomap->addr = IOMAP_NULL_ADDR;
+		iomap->length = 1 << blkbits;
+	} else {
+		iomap->type = IOMAP_MAPPED;
+		iomap->addr = (u64)bno << blkbits;
+		iomap->length = (u64)ret << blkbits;
+		iomap->flags |= IOMAP_F_MERGED;
+	}
+
+	if (new)
+		iomap->flags |= IOMAP_F_NEW;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+ext2_iomap_end(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t length,
+		ssize_t written, unsigned flags, struct iomap *iomap)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Switch to buffered-io in case of any error.
+	 * Blocks allocated can be used by the buffered-io path.
+	 */
+	if ((flags & IOMAP_DIRECT) && (flags & IOMAP_WRITE) && written == 0)
+		return -ENOTBLK;
+
+	if (iomap->type == IOMAP_MAPPED &&
+	    written < length &&
+	    (flags & IOMAP_WRITE))
+		ext2_write_failed(inode->i_mapping, offset + length);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static DEFINE_IOMAP_ITER_NEXT_END(ext2_iomap_next, ext2_iomap_begin,
+				  ext2_iomap_end);
+
+const struct iomap_ops ext2_iomap_ops = {
+	.iomap_next		= ext2_iomap_next,
+};
+
+int ext2_fiemap(struct inode *inode, struct fiemap_extent_info *fieinfo,
+		u64 start, u64 len)
+{
+	int ret;
+	loff_t i_size;
+
+	inode_lock(inode);
+	i_size = i_size_read(inode);
+	/*
+	 * iomap_fiemap() returns EINVAL for 0 length. Make sure we don't trim
+	 * length to 0 but still trim the range as much as possible since
+	 * ext2_get_blocks() iterates unmapped space block by block which is
+	 * slow.
+	 */
+	if (i_size == 0)
+		i_size = 1;
+	len = min_t(u64, len, i_size);
+	ret = iomap_fiemap(inode, fieinfo, start, len, &ext2_iomap_ops);
+	inode_unlock(inode);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int ext2_read_folio(struct file *file, struct folio *folio)
+{
+	return mpage_read_folio(folio, ext2_get_block);
+}
+
+static void ext2_readahead(struct readahead_control *rac)
+{
+	mpage_readahead(rac, ext2_get_block);
+}
+
+static int
+ext2_write_begin(const struct kiocb *iocb, struct address_space *mapping,
+		loff_t pos, unsigned len, struct folio **foliop, void **fsdata)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = block_write_begin(mapping, pos, len, foliop, ext2_get_block);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		ext2_write_failed(mapping, pos + len);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int ext2_write_end(const struct kiocb *iocb,
+			  struct address_space *mapping,
+			  loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned copied,
+			  struct folio *folio, void *fsdata)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = generic_write_end(iocb, mapping, pos, len, copied, folio, fsdata);
+	if (ret < len)
+		ext2_write_failed(mapping, pos + len);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static sector_t ext2_bmap(struct address_space *mapping, sector_t block)
+{
+	return generic_block_bmap(mapping,block,ext2_get_block);
+}
+
+static int
+ext2_writepages(struct address_space *mapping, struct writeback_control *wbc)
+{
+	return mpage_writepages(mapping, wbc, ext2_get_block);
+}
+
+
+const struct address_space_operations ext2_aops = {
+	.dirty_folio		= block_dirty_folio,
+	.invalidate_folio	= block_invalidate_folio,
+	.read_folio		= ext2_read_folio,
+	.readahead		= ext2_readahead,
+	.write_begin		= ext2_write_begin,
+	.write_end		= ext2_write_end,
+	.bmap			= ext2_bmap,
+	.writepages		= ext2_writepages,
+	.migrate_folio		= buffer_migrate_folio,
+	.is_partially_uptodate	= block_is_partially_uptodate,
+	.error_remove_folio	= generic_error_remove_folio,
+};
+
+
+/*
+ * Probably it should be a library function... search for first non-zero word
+ * or memcmp with zero_page, whatever is better for particular architecture.
+ * Linus?
+ */
+static inline int all_zeroes(__le32 *p, __le32 *q)
+{
+	while (p < q)
+		if (*p++)
+			return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ *	ext2_find_shared - find the indirect blocks for partial truncation.
+ *	@inode:	  inode in question
+ *	@depth:	  depth of the affected branch
+ *	@offsets: offsets of pointers in that branch (see ext2_block_to_path)
+ *	@chain:	  place to store the pointers to partial indirect blocks
+ *	@top:	  place to the (detached) top of branch
+ *
+ *	This is a helper function used by ext2_truncate().
+ *
+ *	When we do truncate() we may have to clean the ends of several indirect
+ *	blocks but leave the blocks themselves alive. Block is partially
+ *	truncated if some data below the new i_size is referred from it (and
+ *	it is on the path to the first completely truncated data block, indeed).
+ *	We have to free the top of that path along with everything to the right
+ *	of the path. Since no allocation past the truncation point is possible
+ *	until ext2_truncate() finishes, we may safely do the latter, but top
+ *	of branch may require special attention - pageout below the truncation
+ *	point might try to populate it.
+ *
+ *	We atomically detach the top of branch from the tree, store the block
+ *	number of its root in *@top, pointers to buffer_heads of partially
+ *	truncated blocks - in @chain[].bh and pointers to their last elements
+ *	that should not be removed - in @chain[].p. Return value is the pointer
+ *	to last filled element of @chain.
+ *
+ *	The work left to caller to do the actual freeing of subtrees:
+ *		a) free the subtree starting from *@top
+ *		b) free the subtrees whose roots are stored in
+ *			(@chain[i].p+1 .. end of @chain[i].bh->b_data)
+ *		c) free the subtrees growing from the inode past the @chain[0].p
+ *			(no partially truncated stuff there).
+ */
+
+static Indirect *ext2_find_shared(struct inode *inode,
+				int depth,
+				int offsets[4],
+				Indirect chain[4],
+				__le32 *top)
+{
+	Indirect *partial, *p;
+	int k, err;
+
+	*top = 0;
+	for (k = depth; k > 1 && !offsets[k-1]; k--)
+		;
+	partial = ext2_get_branch(inode, k, offsets, chain, &err);
+	if (!partial)
+		partial = chain + k-1;
+	/*
+	 * If the branch acquired continuation since we've looked at it -
+	 * fine, it should all survive and (new) top doesn't belong to us.
+	 */
+	write_lock(&EXT2_I(inode)->i_meta_lock);
+	if (!partial->key && *partial->p) {
+		write_unlock(&EXT2_I(inode)->i_meta_lock);
+		goto no_top;
+	}
+	for (p=partial; p>chain && all_zeroes((__le32*)p->bh->b_data,p->p); p--)
+		;
+	/*
+	 * OK, we've found the last block that must survive. The rest of our
+	 * branch should be detached before unlocking. However, if that rest
+	 * of branch is all ours and does not grow immediately from the inode
+	 * it's easier to cheat and just decrement partial->p.
+	 */
+	if (p == chain + k - 1 && p > chain) {
+		p->p--;
+	} else {
+		*top = *p->p;
+		*p->p = 0;
+	}
+	write_unlock(&EXT2_I(inode)->i_meta_lock);
+
+	while(partial > p)
+	{
+		brelse(partial->bh);
+		partial--;
+	}
+no_top:
+	return partial;
+}
+
+/**
+ *	ext2_free_data - free a list of data blocks
+ *	@inode:	inode we are dealing with
+ *	@p:	array of block numbers
+ *	@q:	points immediately past the end of array
+ *
+ *	We are freeing all blocks referred from that array (numbers are
+ *	stored as little-endian 32-bit) and updating @inode->i_blocks
+ *	appropriately.
+ */
+static inline void ext2_free_data(struct inode *inode, __le32 *p, __le32 *q)
+{
+	ext2_fsblk_t block_to_free = 0, count = 0;
+	ext2_fsblk_t nr;
+
+	for ( ; p < q ; p++) {
+		nr = le32_to_cpu(*p);
+		if (nr) {
+			*p = 0;
+			/* accumulate blocks to free if they're contiguous */
+			if (count == 0)
+				goto free_this;
+			else if (block_to_free == nr - count)
+				count++;
+			else {
+				ext2_free_blocks (inode, block_to_free, count);
+				mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+			free_this:
+				block_to_free = nr;
+				count = 1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (count > 0) {
+		ext2_free_blocks (inode, block_to_free, count);
+		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ *	ext2_free_branches - free an array of branches
+ *	@inode:	inode we are dealing with
+ *	@p:	array of block numbers
+ *	@q:	pointer immediately past the end of array
+ *	@depth:	depth of the branches to free
+ *
+ *	We are freeing all blocks referred from these branches (numbers are
+ *	stored as little-endian 32-bit) and updating @inode->i_blocks
+ *	appropriately.
+ */
+static void ext2_free_branches(struct inode *inode, __le32 *p, __le32 *q, int depth)
+{
+	struct buffer_head * bh;
+	ext2_fsblk_t nr;
+
+	if (depth--) {
+		int addr_per_block = EXT2_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(inode->i_sb);
+		for ( ; p < q ; p++) {
+			nr = le32_to_cpu(*p);
+			if (!nr)
+				continue;
+			*p = 0;
+			bh = sb_bread(inode->i_sb, nr);
+			/*
+			 * A read failure? Report error and clear slot
+			 * (should be rare).
+			 */ 
+			if (!bh) {
+				ext2_error(inode->i_sb, "ext2_free_branches",
+					"Read failure, inode=%llu, block=%ld",
+					inode->i_ino, nr);
+				continue;
+			}
+			ext2_free_branches(inode,
+					   (__le32*)bh->b_data,
+					   (__le32*)bh->b_data + addr_per_block,
+					   depth);
+			bforget(bh);
+			ext2_free_blocks(inode, nr, 1);
+			mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+		}
+	} else
+		ext2_free_data(inode, p, q);
+}
+
+/* mapping->invalidate_lock must be held when calling this function */
+static void __ext2_truncate_blocks(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset)
+{
+	__le32 *i_data = EXT2_I(inode)->i_data;
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei = EXT2_I(inode);
+	int addr_per_block = EXT2_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(inode->i_sb);
+	int offsets[4];
+	Indirect chain[4];
+	Indirect *partial;
+	__le32 nr = 0;
+	int n;
+	long iblock;
+	unsigned blocksize;
+	blocksize = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+	iblock = (offset + blocksize-1) >> EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(inode->i_sb);
+
+
+	n = ext2_block_to_path(inode, iblock, offsets, NULL);
+	if (n == 0)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * From here we block out all ext2_get_block() callers who want to
+	 * modify the block allocation tree.
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&ei->truncate_mutex);
+
+	if (n == 1) {
+		ext2_free_data(inode, i_data+offsets[0],
+					i_data + EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS);
+		goto do_indirects;
+	}
+
+	partial = ext2_find_shared(inode, n, offsets, chain, &nr);
+	/* Kill the top of shared branch (already detached) */
+	if (nr) {
+		if (partial == chain)
+			mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+		else
+			mmb_mark_buffer_dirty(partial->bh,
+					      &EXT2_I(inode)->i_metadata_bhs);
+		ext2_free_branches(inode, &nr, &nr+1, (chain+n-1) - partial);
+	}
+	/* Clear the ends of indirect blocks on the shared branch */
+	while (partial > chain) {
+		ext2_free_branches(inode,
+				   partial->p + 1,
+				   (__le32*)partial->bh->b_data+addr_per_block,
+				   (chain+n-1) - partial);
+		mmb_mark_buffer_dirty(partial->bh,
+				      &EXT2_I(inode)->i_metadata_bhs);
+		brelse (partial->bh);
+		partial--;
+	}
+do_indirects:
+	/* Kill the remaining (whole) subtrees */
+	switch (offsets[0]) {
+		default:
+			nr = i_data[EXT2_IND_BLOCK];
+			if (nr) {
+				i_data[EXT2_IND_BLOCK] = 0;
+				mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+				ext2_free_branches(inode, &nr, &nr+1, 1);
+			}
+			fallthrough;
+		case EXT2_IND_BLOCK:
+			nr = i_data[EXT2_DIND_BLOCK];
+			if (nr) {
+				i_data[EXT2_DIND_BLOCK] = 0;
+				mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+				ext2_free_branches(inode, &nr, &nr+1, 2);
+			}
+			fallthrough;
+		case EXT2_DIND_BLOCK:
+			nr = i_data[EXT2_TIND_BLOCK];
+			if (nr) {
+				i_data[EXT2_TIND_BLOCK] = 0;
+				mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+				ext2_free_branches(inode, &nr, &nr+1, 3);
+			}
+			break;
+		case EXT2_TIND_BLOCK:
+			;
+	}
+
+	ext2_discard_reservation(inode);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&ei->truncate_mutex);
+}
+
+static void ext2_truncate_blocks(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset)
+{
+	if (!(S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) ||
+	    S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode)))
+		return;
+	if (ext2_inode_is_fast_symlink(inode))
+		return;
+
+	filemap_invalidate_lock(inode->i_mapping);
+	__ext2_truncate_blocks(inode, offset);
+	filemap_invalidate_unlock(inode->i_mapping);
+}
+
+static int ext2_setsize(struct inode *inode, loff_t newsize)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	if (!(S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) ||
+	    S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode)))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (ext2_inode_is_fast_symlink(inode))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (IS_APPEND(inode) || IS_IMMUTABLE(inode))
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	inode_dio_wait(inode);
+
+	error = block_truncate_page(inode->i_mapping, newsize, ext2_get_block);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
+	filemap_invalidate_lock(inode->i_mapping);
+	truncate_setsize(inode, newsize);
+	__ext2_truncate_blocks(inode, newsize);
+	filemap_invalidate_unlock(inode->i_mapping);
+
+	inode_set_mtime_to_ts(inode, inode_set_ctime_current(inode));
+	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+	if (inode_needs_sync(inode))
+		sync_inode_metadata(inode, 1);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct ext2_inode *ext2_get_inode(struct super_block *sb, ino_t ino,
+					struct buffer_head **p)
+{
+	struct buffer_head * bh;
+	unsigned long block_group;
+	unsigned long block;
+	unsigned long offset;
+	struct ext2_group_desc * gdp;
+
+	*p = NULL;
+	if ((ino != EXT2_ROOT_INO && ino < EXT2_FIRST_INO(sb)) ||
+	    ino > le32_to_cpu(EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es->s_inodes_count))
+		goto Einval;
+
+	block_group = (ino - 1) / EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
+	gdp = ext2_get_group_desc(sb, block_group, NULL);
+	if (!gdp)
+		goto Egdp;
+	/*
+	 * Figure out the offset within the block group inode table
+	 */
+	offset = ((ino - 1) % EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb)) * EXT2_INODE_SIZE(sb);
+	block = le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_inode_table) +
+		(offset >> EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb));
+	if (!(bh = sb_bread(sb, block)))
+		goto Eio;
+
+	*p = bh;
+	offset &= (EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(sb) - 1);
+	return (struct ext2_inode *) (bh->b_data + offset);
+
+Einval:
+	ext2_error(sb, "ext2_get_inode", "bad inode number: %lu",
+		   (unsigned long) ino);
+	return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+Eio:
+	ext2_error(sb, "ext2_get_inode",
+		   "unable to read inode block - inode=%lu, block=%lu",
+		   (unsigned long) ino, block);
+Egdp:
+	return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
+}
+
+void ext2_set_inode_flags(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	unsigned int flags = EXT2_I(inode)->i_flags;
+
+	inode->i_flags &= ~(S_SYNC | S_APPEND | S_IMMUTABLE | S_NOATIME |
+				S_DIRSYNC);
+	if (flags & EXT2_SYNC_FL)
+		inode->i_flags |= S_SYNC;
+	if (flags & EXT2_APPEND_FL)
+		inode->i_flags |= S_APPEND;
+	if (flags & EXT2_IMMUTABLE_FL)
+		inode->i_flags |= S_IMMUTABLE;
+	if (flags & EXT2_NOATIME_FL)
+		inode->i_flags |= S_NOATIME;
+	if (flags & EXT2_DIRSYNC_FL)
+		inode->i_flags |= S_DIRSYNC;
+}
+
+void ext2_set_file_ops(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	inode->i_op = &ext2_file_inode_operations;
+	inode->i_fop = &ext2_file_operations;
+	inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &ext2_aops;
+}
+
+struct inode *ext2_iget (struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino)
+{
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei;
+	struct buffer_head * bh = NULL;
+	struct ext2_inode *raw_inode;
+	struct inode *inode;
+	long ret = -EIO;
+	int n;
+	uid_t i_uid;
+	gid_t i_gid;
+
+	inode = iget_locked(sb, ino);
+	if (!inode)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+	if (!(inode_state_read_once(inode) & I_NEW))
+		return inode;
+
+	ei = EXT2_I(inode);
+	ei->i_block_alloc_info = NULL;
+
+	raw_inode = ext2_get_inode(inode->i_sb, ino, &bh);
+	if (IS_ERR(raw_inode)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(raw_inode);
+ 		goto bad_inode;
+	}
+
+	inode->i_mode = le16_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_mode);
+	i_uid = (uid_t)le16_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_uid_low);
+	i_gid = (gid_t)le16_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_gid_low);
+	if (!(test_opt (inode->i_sb, NO_UID32))) {
+		i_uid |= le16_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_uid_high) << 16;
+		i_gid |= le16_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_gid_high) << 16;
+	}
+	i_uid_write(inode, i_uid);
+	i_gid_write(inode, i_gid);
+	set_nlink(inode, le16_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_links_count));
+	inode->i_size = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_size);
+	inode_set_atime(inode, (signed)le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_atime), 0);
+	inode_set_ctime(inode, (signed)le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_ctime), 0);
+	inode_set_mtime(inode, (signed)le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_mtime), 0);
+	ei->i_dtime = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_dtime);
+	/* We now have enough fields to check if the inode was active or not.
+	 * This is needed because nfsd might try to access dead inodes
+	 * the test is that same one that e2fsck uses
+	 * NeilBrown 1999oct15
+	 */
+	if (inode->i_nlink == 0) {
+		if (inode->i_mode == 0 || ei->i_dtime) {
+			/* this inode is deleted */
+			ret = -ESTALE;
+		} else {
+			ext2_error(sb, __func__,
+				   "inode %lu has zero i_nlink with mode 0%o and no dtime, "
+				   "filesystem may be corrupt",
+				   ino, inode->i_mode);
+			ret = -EFSCORRUPTED;
+		}
+		goto bad_inode;
+	}
+	inode->i_blocks = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_blocks);
+	ei->i_flags = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_flags);
+	ext2_set_inode_flags(inode);
+	ei->i_faddr = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_faddr);
+	ei->i_frag_no = raw_inode->i_frag;
+	ei->i_frag_size = raw_inode->i_fsize;
+	ei->i_file_acl = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_file_acl);
+	ei->i_dir_acl = 0;
+
+	if (ei->i_file_acl &&
+	    !ext2_data_block_valid(EXT2_SB(sb), ei->i_file_acl, 1)) {
+		ext2_error(sb, "ext2_iget", "bad extended attribute block %u",
+			   ei->i_file_acl);
+		ret = -EFSCORRUPTED;
+		goto bad_inode;
+	}
+
+	if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
+		inode->i_size |= ((__u64)le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_size_high)) << 32;
+	else
+		ei->i_dir_acl = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_dir_acl);
+	if (i_size_read(inode) < 0) {
+		ret = -EFSCORRUPTED;
+		goto bad_inode;
+	}
+	ei->i_dtime = 0;
+	inode->i_generation = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_generation);
+	ei->i_state = 0;
+	ei->i_block_group = (ino - 1) / EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(inode->i_sb);
+	ei->i_dir_start_lookup = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * NOTE! The in-memory inode i_data array is in little-endian order
+	 * even on big-endian machines: we do NOT byteswap the block numbers!
+	 */
+	for (n = 0; n < EXT2_N_BLOCKS; n++)
+		ei->i_data[n] = raw_inode->i_block[n];
+
+	if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) {
+		ext2_set_file_ops(inode);
+	} else if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
+		inode->i_op = &ext2_dir_inode_operations;
+		inode->i_fop = &ext2_dir_operations;
+		inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &ext2_aops;
+	} else if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode)) {
+		if (ext2_inode_is_fast_symlink(inode)) {
+			inode->i_link = (char *)ei->i_data;
+			inode->i_op = &ext2_fast_symlink_inode_operations;
+			nd_terminate_link(ei->i_data, inode->i_size,
+				sizeof(ei->i_data) - 1);
+		} else {
+			inode->i_op = &ext2_symlink_inode_operations;
+			inode_nohighmem(inode);
+			inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &ext2_aops;
+		}
+	} else {
+		inode->i_op = &ext2_special_inode_operations;
+		if (raw_inode->i_block[0])
+			init_special_inode(inode, inode->i_mode,
+			   old_decode_dev(le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_block[0])));
+		else 
+			init_special_inode(inode, inode->i_mode,
+			   new_decode_dev(le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_block[1])));
+	}
+	brelse (bh);
+	unlock_new_inode(inode);
+	return inode;
+	
+bad_inode:
+	brelse(bh);
+	iget_failed(inode);
+	return ERR_PTR(ret);
+}
+
+int ext2_write_inode(struct inode *inode, struct writeback_control *wbc)
+{
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei = EXT2_I(inode);
+	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+	ino_t ino = inode->i_ino;
+	uid_t uid = i_uid_read(inode);
+	gid_t gid = i_gid_read(inode);
+	struct buffer_head * bh;
+	struct ext2_inode * raw_inode = ext2_get_inode(sb, ino, &bh);
+	int n;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (IS_ERR(raw_inode))
+ 		return -EIO;
+
+	/* For fields not tracking in the in-memory inode,
+	 * initialise them to zero for new inodes. */
+	if (ei->i_state & EXT2_STATE_NEW)
+		memset(raw_inode, 0, EXT2_SB(sb)->s_inode_size);
+
+	raw_inode->i_mode = cpu_to_le16(inode->i_mode);
+	if (!(test_opt(sb, NO_UID32))) {
+		raw_inode->i_uid_low = cpu_to_le16(low_16_bits(uid));
+		raw_inode->i_gid_low = cpu_to_le16(low_16_bits(gid));
+/*
+ * Fix up interoperability with old kernels. Otherwise, old inodes get
+ * re-used with the upper 16 bits of the uid/gid intact
+ */
+		if (!ei->i_dtime) {
+			raw_inode->i_uid_high = cpu_to_le16(high_16_bits(uid));
+			raw_inode->i_gid_high = cpu_to_le16(high_16_bits(gid));
+		} else {
+			raw_inode->i_uid_high = 0;
+			raw_inode->i_gid_high = 0;
+		}
+	} else {
+		raw_inode->i_uid_low = cpu_to_le16(fs_high2lowuid(uid));
+		raw_inode->i_gid_low = cpu_to_le16(fs_high2lowgid(gid));
+		raw_inode->i_uid_high = 0;
+		raw_inode->i_gid_high = 0;
+	}
+	raw_inode->i_links_count = cpu_to_le16(inode->i_nlink);
+	raw_inode->i_size = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_size);
+	raw_inode->i_atime = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_atime_sec(inode));
+	raw_inode->i_ctime = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_ctime_sec(inode));
+	raw_inode->i_mtime = cpu_to_le32(inode_get_mtime_sec(inode));
+
+	raw_inode->i_blocks = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_blocks);
+	raw_inode->i_dtime = cpu_to_le32(ei->i_dtime);
+	raw_inode->i_flags = cpu_to_le32(ei->i_flags);
+	raw_inode->i_faddr = cpu_to_le32(ei->i_faddr);
+	raw_inode->i_frag = ei->i_frag_no;
+	raw_inode->i_fsize = ei->i_frag_size;
+	raw_inode->i_file_acl = cpu_to_le32(ei->i_file_acl);
+	if (!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
+		raw_inode->i_dir_acl = cpu_to_le32(ei->i_dir_acl);
+	else {
+		raw_inode->i_size_high = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_size >> 32);
+		if (inode->i_size > 0x7fffffffULL) {
+			if (!EXT2_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb,
+					EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_LARGE_FILE) ||
+			    EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es->s_rev_level ==
+					cpu_to_le32(EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV)) {
+			       /* If this is the first large file
+				* created, add a flag to the superblock.
+				*/
+				spin_lock(&EXT2_SB(sb)->s_lock);
+				ext2_update_dynamic_rev(sb);
+				EXT2_SET_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb,
+					EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_LARGE_FILE);
+				spin_unlock(&EXT2_SB(sb)->s_lock);
+				ext2_sync_super(sb, EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es, 1);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	raw_inode->i_generation = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_generation);
+	if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode)) {
+		if (old_valid_dev(inode->i_rdev)) {
+			raw_inode->i_block[0] =
+				cpu_to_le32(old_encode_dev(inode->i_rdev));
+			raw_inode->i_block[1] = 0;
+		} else {
+			raw_inode->i_block[0] = 0;
+			raw_inode->i_block[1] =
+				cpu_to_le32(new_encode_dev(inode->i_rdev));
+			raw_inode->i_block[2] = 0;
+		}
+	} else for (n = 0; n < EXT2_N_BLOCKS; n++)
+		raw_inode->i_block[n] = ei->i_data[n];
+	mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
+	ei->i_state &= ~EXT2_STATE_NEW;
+	brelse (bh);
+	set_inode_metadata_writeback(inode);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int ext2_sync_inode_metadata(struct inode *inode, struct writeback_control *wbc)
+{
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	struct ext2_inode *raw_inode = ext2_get_inode(inode->i_sb, inode->i_ino,
+						      &bh);
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (IS_ERR(raw_inode))
+		return -EIO;
+	err = mmb_sync(&EXT2_I(inode)->i_metadata_bhs);
+	if (err) {
+		ext2_error(inode->i_sb, __func__,
+			"Error syncing inode metadata ino=%lu\n",
+			(unsigned long)inode->i_ino);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	sync_dirty_buffer(bh);
+	if (buffer_write_io_error(bh)) {
+		ext2_error(inode->i_sb, __func__,
+			"IO error syncing inode %lu\n",
+			(unsigned long)inode->i_ino);
+		err = -EIO;
+	}
+out:
+	brelse(bh);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int ext2_getattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, const struct path *path,
+		 struct kstat *stat, u32 request_mask, unsigned int query_flags)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei = EXT2_I(inode);
+	unsigned int flags;
+
+	flags = ei->i_flags & EXT2_FL_USER_VISIBLE;
+	if (flags & EXT2_APPEND_FL)
+		stat->attributes |= STATX_ATTR_APPEND;
+	if (flags & EXT2_COMPR_FL)
+		stat->attributes |= STATX_ATTR_COMPRESSED;
+	if (flags & EXT2_IMMUTABLE_FL)
+		stat->attributes |= STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE;
+	if (flags & EXT2_NODUMP_FL)
+		stat->attributes |= STATX_ATTR_NODUMP;
+	stat->attributes_mask |= (STATX_ATTR_APPEND |
+			STATX_ATTR_COMPRESSED |
+			STATX_ATTR_ENCRYPTED |
+			STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE |
+			STATX_ATTR_NODUMP);
+
+	generic_fillattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, request_mask, inode, stat);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int ext2_setattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
+		 struct iattr *iattr)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
+	int error;
+
+	error = setattr_prepare(&nop_mnt_idmap, dentry, iattr);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+
+	if (is_quota_modification(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, iattr)) {
+		error = dquot_initialize(inode);
+		if (error)
+			return error;
+	}
+	if (i_uid_needs_update(&nop_mnt_idmap, iattr, inode) ||
+	    i_gid_needs_update(&nop_mnt_idmap, iattr, inode)) {
+		error = dquot_transfer(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, iattr);
+		if (error)
+			return error;
+	}
+	if (iattr->ia_valid & ATTR_SIZE && iattr->ia_size != inode->i_size) {
+		error = ext2_setsize(inode, iattr->ia_size);
+		if (error)
+			return error;
+	}
+	setattr_copy(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, iattr);
+	if (iattr->ia_valid & ATTR_MODE)
+		error = posix_acl_chmod(&nop_mnt_idmap, dentry, inode->i_mode);
+	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+
+	return error;
+}
diff --git a/fs/ext2/ioctl.c b/fs/ext2/ioctl.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c3fea55b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/ioctl.c
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * linux/fs/ext2/ioctl.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995
+ * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
+ * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
+ * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
+ */
+
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include <linux/capability.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <linux/mount.h>
+#include <asm/current.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/fileattr.h>
+
+int ext2_fileattr_get(struct dentry *dentry, struct file_kattr *fa)
+{
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei = EXT2_I(d_inode(dentry));
+
+	fileattr_fill_flags(fa, ei->i_flags & EXT2_FL_USER_VISIBLE);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int ext2_fileattr_set(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
+		      struct dentry *dentry, struct file_kattr *fa)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei = EXT2_I(inode);
+
+	if (fileattr_has_fsx(fa))
+		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+	/* Is it quota file? Do not allow user to mess with it */
+	if (IS_NOQUOTA(inode))
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	ei->i_flags = (ei->i_flags & ~EXT2_FL_USER_MODIFIABLE) |
+		(fa->flags & EXT2_FL_USER_MODIFIABLE);
+
+	ext2_set_inode_flags(inode);
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+long ext2_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = file_inode(filp);
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei = EXT2_I(inode);
+	unsigned short rsv_window_size;
+	int ret;
+
+	ext2_debug ("cmd = %u, arg = %lu\n", cmd, arg);
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case EXT2_IOC_GETVERSION:
+		return put_user(inode->i_generation, (int __user *) arg);
+	case EXT2_IOC_SETVERSION: {
+		__u32 generation;
+
+		if (!inode_owner_or_capable(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode))
+			return -EPERM;
+		ret = mnt_want_write_file(filp);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+		if (get_user(generation, (int __user *) arg)) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			goto setversion_out;
+		}
+
+		inode_lock(inode);
+		inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+		inode->i_generation = generation;
+		inode_unlock(inode);
+
+		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+setversion_out:
+		mnt_drop_write_file(filp);
+		return ret;
+	}
+	case EXT2_IOC_GETRSVSZ:
+		if (test_opt(inode->i_sb, RESERVATION)
+			&& S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)
+			&& ei->i_block_alloc_info) {
+			rsv_window_size = ei->i_block_alloc_info->rsv_window_node.rsv_goal_size;
+			return put_user(rsv_window_size, (int __user *)arg);
+		}
+		return -ENOTTY;
+	case EXT2_IOC_SETRSVSZ: {
+
+		if (!test_opt(inode->i_sb, RESERVATION) ||!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
+			return -ENOTTY;
+
+		if (!inode_owner_or_capable(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode))
+			return -EACCES;
+
+		if (get_user(rsv_window_size, (int __user *)arg))
+			return -EFAULT;
+
+		ret = mnt_want_write_file(filp);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+
+		if (rsv_window_size > EXT2_MAX_RESERVE_BLOCKS)
+			rsv_window_size = EXT2_MAX_RESERVE_BLOCKS;
+
+		/*
+		 * need to allocate reservation structure for this inode
+		 * before set the window size
+		 */
+		/*
+		 * XXX What lock should protect the rsv_goal_size?
+		 * Accessed in ext2_get_block only.  ext3 uses i_truncate.
+		 */
+		mutex_lock(&ei->truncate_mutex);
+		if (!ei->i_block_alloc_info)
+			ext2_init_block_alloc_info(inode);
+
+		if (ei->i_block_alloc_info){
+			struct ext2_reserve_window_node *rsv = &ei->i_block_alloc_info->rsv_window_node;
+			rsv->rsv_goal_size = rsv_window_size;
+		} else {
+			ret = -ENOMEM;
+		}
+
+		mutex_unlock(&ei->truncate_mutex);
+		mnt_drop_write_file(filp);
+		return ret;
+	}
+	default:
+		return -ENOTTY;
+	}
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+long ext2_compat_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+	/* These are just misnamed, they actually get/put from/to user an int */
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case EXT2_IOC32_GETVERSION:
+		cmd = EXT2_IOC_GETVERSION;
+		break;
+	case EXT2_IOC32_SETVERSION:
+		cmd = EXT2_IOC_SETVERSION;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -ENOIOCTLCMD;
+	}
+	return ext2_ioctl(file, cmd, (unsigned long) compat_ptr(arg));
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/fs/ext2/namei.c b/fs/ext2/namei.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8666233ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/namei.c
@@ -0,0 +1,434 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * linux/fs/ext2/namei.c
+ *
+ * Rewrite to pagecache. Almost all code had been changed, so blame me
+ * if the things go wrong. Please, send bug reports to
+ * viro@parcelfarce.linux.theplanet.co.uk
+ *
+ * Stuff here is basically a glue between the VFS and generic UNIXish
+ * filesystem that keeps everything in pagecache. All knowledge of the
+ * directory layout is in fs/ext2/dir.c - it turned out to be easily separatable
+ * and it's easier to debug that way. In principle we might want to
+ * generalize that a bit and turn it into a library. Or not.
+ *
+ * The only non-static object here is ext2_dir_inode_operations.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
+ * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
+ * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
+ * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
+ *
+ *  from
+ *
+ *  linux/fs/minix/namei.c
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
+ *
+ *  Big-endian to little-endian byte-swapping/bitmaps by
+ *        David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu), 1995
+ */
+
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+
+static inline int ext2_add_nondir(struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode)
+{
+	int err = ext2_add_link(dentry, inode);
+	if (!err) {
+		d_instantiate_new(dentry, inode);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	inode_dec_link_count(inode);
+	discard_new_inode(inode);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Methods themselves.
+ */
+
+static struct dentry *ext2_lookup(struct inode * dir, struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	struct inode * inode;
+	ino_t ino;
+	int res;
+	
+	if (dentry->d_name.len > EXT2_NAME_LEN)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENAMETOOLONG);
+
+	res = ext2_inode_by_name(dir, &dentry->d_name, &ino);
+	if (res) {
+		if (res != -ENOENT)
+			return ERR_PTR(res);
+		inode = NULL;
+	} else {
+		inode = ext2_iget(dir->i_sb, ino);
+		if (inode == ERR_PTR(-ESTALE)) {
+			ext2_error(dir->i_sb, __func__,
+					"deleted inode referenced: %lu",
+					(unsigned long) ino);
+			return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
+		}
+	}
+	return d_splice_alias(inode, dentry);
+}
+
+struct dentry *ext2_get_parent(struct dentry *child)
+{
+	ino_t ino;
+	int res;
+
+	res = ext2_inode_by_name(d_inode(child), &dotdot_name, &ino);
+	if (res)
+		return ERR_PTR(res);
+
+	return d_obtain_alias(ext2_iget(child->d_sb, ino));
+} 
+
+/*
+ * By the time this is called, we already have created
+ * the directory cache entry for the new file, but it
+ * is so far negative - it has no inode.
+ *
+ * If the create succeeds, we fill in the inode information
+ * with d_instantiate(). 
+ */
+static int ext2_create (struct mnt_idmap * idmap,
+			struct inode * dir, struct dentry * dentry,
+			umode_t mode)
+{
+	struct inode *inode;
+	int err;
+
+	err = dquot_initialize(dir);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	inode = ext2_new_inode(dir, mode, &dentry->d_name);
+	if (IS_ERR(inode))
+		return PTR_ERR(inode);
+
+	ext2_set_file_ops(inode);
+	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+	return ext2_add_nondir(dentry, inode);
+}
+
+static int ext2_tmpfile(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct inode *dir,
+			struct file *file, umode_t mode)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = ext2_new_inode(dir, mode, NULL);
+	if (IS_ERR(inode))
+		return PTR_ERR(inode);
+
+	ext2_set_file_ops(inode);
+	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+	d_tmpfile(file, inode);
+	unlock_new_inode(inode);
+	return finish_open_simple(file, 0);
+}
+
+static int ext2_mknod (struct mnt_idmap * idmap, struct inode * dir,
+	struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode, dev_t rdev)
+{
+	struct inode * inode;
+	int err;
+
+	err = dquot_initialize(dir);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	inode = ext2_new_inode (dir, mode, &dentry->d_name);
+	err = PTR_ERR(inode);
+	if (!IS_ERR(inode)) {
+		init_special_inode(inode, inode->i_mode, rdev);
+		inode->i_op = &ext2_special_inode_operations;
+		mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+		err = ext2_add_nondir(dentry, inode);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ext2_symlink (struct mnt_idmap * idmap, struct inode * dir,
+	struct dentry * dentry, const char * symname)
+{
+	struct super_block * sb = dir->i_sb;
+	int err = -ENAMETOOLONG;
+	unsigned l = strlen(symname)+1;
+	struct inode * inode;
+
+	if (l > sb->s_blocksize)
+		goto out;
+
+	err = dquot_initialize(dir);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	inode = ext2_new_inode (dir, S_IFLNK | S_IRWXUGO, &dentry->d_name);
+	err = PTR_ERR(inode);
+	if (IS_ERR(inode))
+		goto out;
+
+	if (l > sizeof (EXT2_I(inode)->i_data)) {
+		/* slow symlink */
+		inode->i_op = &ext2_symlink_inode_operations;
+		inode_nohighmem(inode);
+		inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &ext2_aops;
+		err = page_symlink(inode, symname, l);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_fail;
+	} else {
+		/* fast symlink */
+		inode->i_op = &ext2_fast_symlink_inode_operations;
+		inode->i_link = (char*)EXT2_I(inode)->i_data;
+		memcpy(inode->i_link, symname, l);
+		inode->i_size = l-1;
+	}
+	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+
+	err = ext2_add_nondir(dentry, inode);
+out:
+	return err;
+
+out_fail:
+	inode_dec_link_count(inode);
+	discard_new_inode(inode);
+	goto out;
+}
+
+static int ext2_link (struct dentry * old_dentry, struct inode * dir,
+	struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
+	int err;
+
+	err = dquot_initialize(dir);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+	inode_inc_link_count(inode);
+	ihold(inode);
+
+	err = ext2_add_link(dentry, inode);
+	if (!err) {
+		d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	inode_dec_link_count(inode);
+	iput(inode);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static struct dentry *ext2_mkdir(struct mnt_idmap * idmap,
+				 struct inode * dir, struct dentry * dentry,
+				 umode_t mode)
+{
+	struct inode * inode;
+	int err;
+
+	err = dquot_initialize(dir);
+	if (err)
+		return ERR_PTR(err);
+
+	inode_inc_link_count(dir);
+
+	inode = ext2_new_inode(dir, mode, &dentry->d_name);
+	err = PTR_ERR(inode);
+	if (IS_ERR(inode))
+		goto out_dir;
+
+	inode->i_op = &ext2_dir_inode_operations;
+	inode->i_fop = &ext2_dir_operations;
+	inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &ext2_aops;
+
+	inode_inc_link_count(inode);
+
+	err = ext2_make_empty(inode, dir);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_fail;
+
+	err = ext2_add_link(dentry, inode);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_fail;
+
+	d_instantiate_new(dentry, inode);
+out:
+	return ERR_PTR(err);
+
+out_fail:
+	inode_dec_link_count(inode);
+	inode_dec_link_count(inode);
+	discard_new_inode(inode);
+out_dir:
+	inode_dec_link_count(dir);
+	goto out;
+}
+
+static int ext2_unlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
+	struct ext2_dir_entry_2 *de;
+	struct folio *folio;
+	int err;
+
+	err = dquot_initialize(dir);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	de = ext2_find_entry(dir, &dentry->d_name, &folio);
+	if (IS_ERR(de)) {
+		err = PTR_ERR(de);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	err = ext2_delete_entry(de, folio);
+	folio_release_kmap(folio, de);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, inode_get_ctime(dir));
+
+	if (inode->i_nlink)
+		inode_dec_link_count(inode);
+
+	err = 0;
+out:
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ext2_rmdir (struct inode * dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct inode * inode = d_inode(dentry);
+	int err = -ENOTEMPTY;
+
+	if (ext2_empty_dir(inode)) {
+		err = ext2_unlink(dir, dentry);
+		if (!err) {
+			inode->i_size = 0;
+			inode_dec_link_count(inode);
+			inode_dec_link_count(dir);
+		}
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ext2_rename (struct mnt_idmap * idmap,
+			struct inode * old_dir, struct dentry * old_dentry,
+			struct inode * new_dir, struct dentry * new_dentry,
+			unsigned int flags)
+{
+	struct inode * old_inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
+	struct inode * new_inode = d_inode(new_dentry);
+	struct folio *dir_folio = NULL;
+	struct ext2_dir_entry_2 * dir_de = NULL;
+	struct folio * old_folio;
+	struct ext2_dir_entry_2 * old_de;
+	bool old_is_dir = S_ISDIR(old_inode->i_mode);
+	int err;
+
+	if (flags & ~RENAME_NOREPLACE)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	err = dquot_initialize(old_dir);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	err = dquot_initialize(new_dir);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	old_de = ext2_find_entry(old_dir, &old_dentry->d_name, &old_folio);
+	if (IS_ERR(old_de))
+		return PTR_ERR(old_de);
+
+	if (old_is_dir && old_dir != new_dir) {
+		err = -EIO;
+		dir_de = ext2_dotdot(old_inode, &dir_folio);
+		if (!dir_de)
+			goto out_old;
+	}
+
+	if (new_inode) {
+		struct folio *new_folio;
+		struct ext2_dir_entry_2 *new_de;
+
+		err = -ENOTEMPTY;
+		if (old_is_dir && !ext2_empty_dir(new_inode))
+			goto out_dir;
+
+		new_de = ext2_find_entry(new_dir, &new_dentry->d_name,
+					 &new_folio);
+		if (IS_ERR(new_de)) {
+			err = PTR_ERR(new_de);
+			goto out_dir;
+		}
+		err = ext2_set_link(new_dir, new_de, new_folio, old_inode, true);
+		folio_release_kmap(new_folio, new_de);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_dir;
+		inode_set_ctime_current(new_inode);
+		if (old_is_dir)
+			drop_nlink(new_inode);
+		inode_dec_link_count(new_inode);
+	} else {
+		err = ext2_add_link(new_dentry, old_inode);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_dir;
+		if (old_is_dir)
+			inode_inc_link_count(new_dir);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Like most other Unix systems, set the ctime for inodes on a
+ 	 * rename.
+	 */
+	inode_set_ctime_current(old_inode);
+	mark_inode_dirty(old_inode);
+
+	err = ext2_delete_entry(old_de, old_folio);
+	if (!err && old_is_dir) {
+		if (old_dir != new_dir)
+			err = ext2_set_link(old_inode, dir_de, dir_folio,
+					    new_dir, false);
+
+		inode_dec_link_count(old_dir);
+	}
+out_dir:
+	if (dir_de)
+		folio_release_kmap(dir_folio, dir_de);
+out_old:
+	folio_release_kmap(old_folio, old_de);
+	return err;
+}
+
+const struct inode_operations ext2_dir_inode_operations = {
+	.create		= ext2_create,
+	.lookup		= ext2_lookup,
+	.link		= ext2_link,
+	.unlink		= ext2_unlink,
+	.symlink	= ext2_symlink,
+	.mkdir		= ext2_mkdir,
+	.rmdir		= ext2_rmdir,
+	.mknod		= ext2_mknod,
+	.rename		= ext2_rename,
+	.listxattr	= ext2_listxattr,
+	.getattr	= ext2_getattr,
+	.setattr	= ext2_setattr,
+	.get_inode_acl	= ext2_get_acl,
+	.set_acl	= ext2_set_acl,
+	.tmpfile	= ext2_tmpfile,
+	.fileattr_get	= ext2_fileattr_get,
+	.fileattr_set	= ext2_fileattr_set,
+};
+
+const struct inode_operations ext2_special_inode_operations = {
+	.listxattr	= ext2_listxattr,
+	.getattr	= ext2_getattr,
+	.setattr	= ext2_setattr,
+	.get_inode_acl	= ext2_get_acl,
+	.set_acl	= ext2_set_acl,
+};
diff --git a/fs/ext2/super.c b/fs/ext2/super.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a40f53087
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/super.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1701 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ *  linux/fs/ext2/super.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
+ * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
+ * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
+ * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
+ *
+ *  from
+ *
+ *  linux/fs/minix/inode.c
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
+ *
+ *  Big-endian to little-endian byte-swapping/bitmaps by
+ *        David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu), 1995
+ */
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+#include <linux/fs_context.h>
+#include <linux/fs_parser.h>
+#include <linux/random.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/exportfs.h>
+#include <linux/vfs.h>
+#include <linux/seq_file.h>
+#include <linux/mount.h>
+#include <linux/log2.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/iversion.h>
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+
+static void ext2_write_super(struct super_block *sb);
+static int ext2_statfs (struct dentry * dentry, struct kstatfs * buf);
+static int ext2_sync_fs(struct super_block *sb, int wait);
+static int ext2_freeze(struct super_block *sb);
+static int ext2_unfreeze(struct super_block *sb);
+
+void ext2_error(struct super_block *sb, const char *function,
+		const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	struct va_format vaf;
+	va_list args;
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+	struct ext2_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
+
+	if (!sb_rdonly(sb)) {
+		spin_lock(&sbi->s_lock);
+		sbi->s_mount_state |= EXT2_ERROR_FS;
+		es->s_state |= cpu_to_le16(EXT2_ERROR_FS);
+		spin_unlock(&sbi->s_lock);
+		ext2_sync_super(sb, es, 1);
+	}
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+
+	vaf.fmt = fmt;
+	vaf.va = &args;
+
+	printk(KERN_CRIT "EXT2-fs (%s): error: %s: %pV\n",
+	       sb->s_id, function, &vaf);
+
+	va_end(args);
+
+	if (test_opt(sb, ERRORS_PANIC))
+		panic("EXT2-fs: panic from previous error\n");
+	if (!sb_rdonly(sb) && test_opt(sb, ERRORS_RO)) {
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_CRIT,
+			     "error: remounting filesystem read-only");
+		sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
+	}
+}
+
+static void ext2_msg_fc(struct fs_context *fc, const char *prefix,
+			const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	struct va_format vaf;
+	va_list args;
+	const char *s_id;
+
+	if (fc->purpose == FS_CONTEXT_FOR_RECONFIGURE) {
+		s_id = fc->root->d_sb->s_id;
+	} else {
+		/* get last path component of source */
+		s_id = strrchr(fc->source, '/');
+		if (s_id)
+			s_id++;
+		else
+			s_id = fc->source;
+	}
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+
+	vaf.fmt = fmt;
+	vaf.va = &args;
+
+	printk("%sEXT2-fs (%s): %pV\n", prefix, s_id, &vaf);
+
+	va_end(args);
+}
+
+void ext2_msg(struct super_block *sb, const char *prefix,
+		const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	struct va_format vaf;
+	va_list args;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+
+	vaf.fmt = fmt;
+	vaf.va = &args;
+
+	printk("%sEXT2-fs (%s): %pV\n", prefix, sb->s_id, &vaf);
+
+	va_end(args);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This must be called with sbi->s_lock held.
+ */
+void ext2_update_dynamic_rev(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	struct ext2_super_block *es = EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es;
+
+	if (le32_to_cpu(es->s_rev_level) > EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV)
+		return;
+
+	ext2_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+		     "warning: updating to rev %d because of "
+		     "new feature flag, running e2fsck is recommended",
+		     EXT2_DYNAMIC_REV);
+
+	es->s_first_ino = cpu_to_le32(EXT2_GOOD_OLD_FIRST_INO);
+	es->s_inode_size = cpu_to_le16(EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE);
+	es->s_rev_level = cpu_to_le32(EXT2_DYNAMIC_REV);
+	/* leave es->s_feature_*compat flags alone */
+	/* es->s_uuid will be set by e2fsck if empty */
+
+	/*
+	 * The rest of the superblock fields should be zero, and if not it
+	 * means they are likely already in use, so leave them alone.  We
+	 * can leave it up to e2fsck to clean up any inconsistencies there.
+	 */
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+static int ext2_quota_off(struct super_block *sb, int type);
+
+static void ext2_quota_off_umount(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	int type;
+
+	for (type = 0; type < MAXQUOTAS; type++)
+		ext2_quota_off(sb, type);
+}
+#else
+static inline void ext2_quota_off_umount(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+}
+#endif
+
+static void ext2_put_super (struct super_block * sb)
+{
+	int db_count;
+	int i;
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+
+	ext2_quota_off_umount(sb);
+
+	ext2_xattr_destroy_cache(sbi->s_ea_block_cache);
+	sbi->s_ea_block_cache = NULL;
+
+	if (!sb_rdonly(sb)) {
+		struct ext2_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
+
+		spin_lock(&sbi->s_lock);
+		es->s_state = cpu_to_le16(sbi->s_mount_state);
+		spin_unlock(&sbi->s_lock);
+		ext2_sync_super(sb, es, 1);
+	}
+	db_count = sbi->s_gdb_count;
+	for (i = 0; i < db_count; i++)
+		brelse(sbi->s_group_desc[i]);
+	kvfree(sbi->s_group_desc);
+	kfree(sbi->s_debts);
+	percpu_counter_destroy(&sbi->s_freeblocks_counter);
+	percpu_counter_destroy(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter);
+	percpu_counter_destroy(&sbi->s_dirs_counter);
+	brelse (sbi->s_sbh);
+	sb->s_fs_info = NULL;
+	kfree(sbi->s_blockgroup_lock);
+	kfree(sbi);
+}
+
+static struct kmem_cache * ext2_inode_cachep;
+
+static struct inode *ext2_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei;
+	ei = alloc_inode_sb(sb, ext2_inode_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!ei)
+		return NULL;
+	ei->i_block_alloc_info = NULL;
+	inode_set_iversion(&ei->vfs_inode, 1);
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+	memset(&ei->i_dquot, 0, sizeof(ei->i_dquot));
+#endif
+	mmb_init(&ei->i_metadata_bhs, &ei->vfs_inode.i_data);
+
+	return &ei->vfs_inode;
+}
+
+static void ext2_free_in_core_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	kmem_cache_free(ext2_inode_cachep, EXT2_I(inode));
+}
+
+static void init_once(void *foo)
+{
+	struct ext2_inode_info *ei = (struct ext2_inode_info *) foo;
+
+	rwlock_init(&ei->i_meta_lock);
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_XATTR
+	init_rwsem(&ei->xattr_sem);
+#endif
+	mutex_init(&ei->truncate_mutex);
+	inode_init_once(&ei->vfs_inode);
+}
+
+static int __init init_inodecache(void)
+{
+	ext2_inode_cachep = kmem_cache_create_usercopy("ext2_inode_cache",
+				sizeof(struct ext2_inode_info), 0,
+				SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT | SLAB_ACCOUNT,
+				offsetof(struct ext2_inode_info, i_data),
+				sizeof_field(struct ext2_inode_info, i_data),
+				init_once);
+	if (ext2_inode_cachep == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void destroy_inodecache(void)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Make sure all delayed rcu free inodes are flushed before we
+	 * destroy cache.
+	 */
+	rcu_barrier();
+	kmem_cache_destroy(ext2_inode_cachep);
+}
+
+static int ext2_show_options(struct seq_file *seq, struct dentry *root)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb = root->d_sb;
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+	struct ext2_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
+	unsigned long def_mount_opts;
+
+	spin_lock(&sbi->s_lock);
+	def_mount_opts = le32_to_cpu(es->s_default_mount_opts);
+
+	if (sbi->s_sb_block != 1)
+		seq_printf(seq, ",sb=%lu", sbi->s_sb_block);
+	if (test_opt(sb, MINIX_DF))
+		seq_puts(seq, ",minixdf");
+	if (test_opt(sb, GRPID))
+		seq_puts(seq, ",grpid");
+	if (!test_opt(sb, GRPID) && (def_mount_opts & EXT2_DEFM_BSDGROUPS))
+		seq_puts(seq, ",nogrpid");
+	if (!uid_eq(sbi->s_resuid, make_kuid(&init_user_ns, EXT2_DEF_RESUID)) ||
+	    le16_to_cpu(es->s_def_resuid) != EXT2_DEF_RESUID) {
+		seq_printf(seq, ",resuid=%u",
+				from_kuid_munged(&init_user_ns, sbi->s_resuid));
+	}
+	if (!gid_eq(sbi->s_resgid, make_kgid(&init_user_ns, EXT2_DEF_RESGID)) ||
+	    le16_to_cpu(es->s_def_resgid) != EXT2_DEF_RESGID) {
+		seq_printf(seq, ",resgid=%u",
+				from_kgid_munged(&init_user_ns, sbi->s_resgid));
+	}
+	if (test_opt(sb, ERRORS_RO)) {
+		int def_errors = le16_to_cpu(es->s_errors);
+
+		if (def_errors == EXT2_ERRORS_PANIC ||
+		    def_errors == EXT2_ERRORS_CONTINUE) {
+			seq_puts(seq, ",errors=remount-ro");
+		}
+	}
+	if (test_opt(sb, ERRORS_CONT))
+		seq_puts(seq, ",errors=continue");
+	if (test_opt(sb, ERRORS_PANIC))
+		seq_puts(seq, ",errors=panic");
+	if (test_opt(sb, NO_UID32))
+		seq_puts(seq, ",nouid32");
+	if (test_opt(sb, DEBUG))
+		seq_puts(seq, ",debug");
+	if (test_opt(sb, OLDALLOC))
+		seq_puts(seq, ",oldalloc");
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_XATTR
+	if (test_opt(sb, XATTR_USER))
+		seq_puts(seq, ",user_xattr");
+	if (!test_opt(sb, XATTR_USER) &&
+	    (def_mount_opts & EXT2_DEFM_XATTR_USER)) {
+		seq_puts(seq, ",nouser_xattr");
+	}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_POSIX_ACL
+	if (test_opt(sb, POSIX_ACL))
+		seq_puts(seq, ",acl");
+	if (!test_opt(sb, POSIX_ACL) && (def_mount_opts & EXT2_DEFM_ACL))
+		seq_puts(seq, ",noacl");
+#endif
+
+	if (test_opt(sb, USRQUOTA))
+		seq_puts(seq, ",usrquota");
+
+	if (test_opt(sb, GRPQUOTA))
+		seq_puts(seq, ",grpquota");
+
+
+
+	if (!test_opt(sb, RESERVATION))
+		seq_puts(seq, ",noreservation");
+
+	spin_unlock(&sbi->s_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+static ssize_t ext2_quota_read(struct super_block *sb, int type, char *data, size_t len, loff_t off);
+static ssize_t ext2_quota_write(struct super_block *sb, int type, const char *data, size_t len, loff_t off);
+static int ext2_quota_on(struct super_block *sb, int type, int format_id,
+			 const struct path *path);
+static struct dquot __rcu **ext2_get_dquots(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	return EXT2_I(inode)->i_dquot;
+}
+
+static const struct quotactl_ops ext2_quotactl_ops = {
+	.quota_on	= ext2_quota_on,
+	.quota_off	= ext2_quota_off,
+	.quota_sync	= dquot_quota_sync,
+	.get_state	= dquot_get_state,
+	.set_info	= dquot_set_dqinfo,
+	.get_dqblk	= dquot_get_dqblk,
+	.set_dqblk	= dquot_set_dqblk,
+	.get_nextdqblk	= dquot_get_next_dqblk,
+};
+#endif
+
+static const struct super_operations ext2_sops = {
+	.alloc_inode	= ext2_alloc_inode,
+	.free_inode	= ext2_free_in_core_inode,
+	.write_inode	= ext2_write_inode,
+	.sync_inode_metadata = ext2_sync_inode_metadata,
+	.evict_inode	= ext2_evict_inode,
+	.put_super	= ext2_put_super,
+	.sync_fs	= ext2_sync_fs,
+	.freeze_fs	= ext2_freeze,
+	.unfreeze_fs	= ext2_unfreeze,
+	.statfs		= ext2_statfs,
+	.show_options	= ext2_show_options,
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+	.quota_read	= ext2_quota_read,
+	.quota_write	= ext2_quota_write,
+	.get_dquots	= ext2_get_dquots,
+#endif
+};
+
+static struct inode *ext2_nfs_get_inode(struct super_block *sb,
+		u64 ino, u32 generation)
+{
+	struct inode *inode;
+
+	if (ino < EXT2_FIRST_INO(sb) && ino != EXT2_ROOT_INO)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
+	if (ino > le32_to_cpu(EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es->s_inodes_count))
+		return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
+
+	/*
+	 * ext2_iget isn't quite right if the inode is currently unallocated!
+	 * However ext2_iget currently does appropriate checks to handle stale
+	 * inodes so everything is OK.
+	 */
+	inode = ext2_iget(sb, ino);
+	if (IS_ERR(inode))
+		return ERR_CAST(inode);
+	if (generation && inode->i_generation != generation) {
+		/* we didn't find the right inode.. */
+		iput(inode);
+		return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
+	}
+	return inode;
+}
+
+static struct dentry *ext2_fh_to_dentry(struct super_block *sb, struct fid *fid,
+		int fh_len, int fh_type)
+{
+	return generic_fh_to_dentry(sb, fid, fh_len, fh_type,
+				    ext2_nfs_get_inode);
+}
+
+static struct dentry *ext2_fh_to_parent(struct super_block *sb, struct fid *fid,
+		int fh_len, int fh_type)
+{
+	return generic_fh_to_parent(sb, fid, fh_len, fh_type,
+				    ext2_nfs_get_inode);
+}
+
+static const struct export_operations ext2_export_ops = {
+	.encode_fh = generic_encode_ino32_fh,
+	.fh_to_dentry = ext2_fh_to_dentry,
+	.fh_to_parent = ext2_fh_to_parent,
+	.get_parent = ext2_get_parent,
+};
+
+enum {
+	Opt_bsd_df, Opt_minix_df, Opt_grpid, Opt_nogrpid, Opt_resgid, Opt_resuid,
+	Opt_sb, Opt_errors, Opt_nouid32, Opt_debug, Opt_oldalloc, Opt_orlov,
+	Opt_nobh, Opt_user_xattr, Opt_acl, Opt_xip, Opt_dax, Opt_ignore,
+	Opt_quota, Opt_usrquota, Opt_grpquota, Opt_reservation,
+};
+
+static const struct constant_table ext2_param_errors[] = {
+	{"continue",	EXT2_MOUNT_ERRORS_CONT},
+	{"panic",	EXT2_MOUNT_ERRORS_PANIC},
+	{"remount-ro",	EXT2_MOUNT_ERRORS_RO},
+	{}
+};
+
+static const struct fs_parameter_spec ext2_param_spec[] = {
+	fsparam_flag	("bsddf", Opt_bsd_df),
+	fsparam_flag	("minixdf", Opt_minix_df),
+	fsparam_flag	("grpid", Opt_grpid),
+	fsparam_flag	("bsdgroups", Opt_grpid),
+	fsparam_flag	("nogrpid", Opt_nogrpid),
+	fsparam_flag	("sysvgroups", Opt_nogrpid),
+	fsparam_gid	("resgid", Opt_resgid),
+	fsparam_uid	("resuid", Opt_resuid),
+	fsparam_u32	("sb", Opt_sb),
+	fsparam_enum	("errors", Opt_errors, ext2_param_errors),
+	fsparam_flag	("nouid32", Opt_nouid32),
+	fsparam_flag	("debug", Opt_debug),
+	fsparam_flag	("oldalloc", Opt_oldalloc),
+	fsparam_flag	("orlov", Opt_orlov),
+	fsparam_flag	("nobh", Opt_nobh),
+	fsparam_flag_no	("user_xattr", Opt_user_xattr),
+	fsparam_flag_no	("acl", Opt_acl),
+	fsparam_flag	("xip", Opt_xip),
+	fsparam_flag	("dax", Opt_dax),
+	fsparam_flag	("grpquota", Opt_grpquota),
+	fsparam_flag	("noquota", Opt_ignore),
+	fsparam_flag	("quota", Opt_quota),
+	fsparam_flag	("usrquota", Opt_usrquota),
+	fsparam_flag_no	("reservation", Opt_reservation),
+	{}
+};
+
+#define EXT2_SPEC_s_resuid                      (1 << 0)
+#define EXT2_SPEC_s_resgid                      (1 << 1)
+
+struct ext2_fs_context {
+	unsigned long	vals_s_flags;	/* Bits to set in s_flags */
+	unsigned long	mask_s_flags;	/* Bits changed in s_flags */
+	unsigned int	vals_s_mount_opt;
+	unsigned int	mask_s_mount_opt;
+	kuid_t		s_resuid;
+	kgid_t		s_resgid;
+	unsigned long	s_sb_block;
+	unsigned int	spec;
+
+};
+
+static inline void ctx_set_mount_opt(struct ext2_fs_context *ctx,
+				  unsigned long flag)
+{
+	ctx->mask_s_mount_opt |= flag;
+	ctx->vals_s_mount_opt |= flag;
+}
+
+static inline void ctx_clear_mount_opt(struct ext2_fs_context *ctx,
+				    unsigned long flag)
+{
+	ctx->mask_s_mount_opt |= flag;
+	ctx->vals_s_mount_opt &= ~flag;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned long
+ctx_test_mount_opt(struct ext2_fs_context *ctx, unsigned long flag)
+{
+	return (ctx->vals_s_mount_opt & flag);
+}
+
+static inline bool
+ctx_parsed_mount_opt(struct ext2_fs_context *ctx, unsigned long flag)
+{
+	return (ctx->mask_s_mount_opt & flag);
+}
+
+static void ext2_free_fc(struct fs_context *fc)
+{
+	kfree(fc->fs_private);
+}
+
+static int ext2_parse_param(struct fs_context *fc, struct fs_parameter *param)
+{
+	struct ext2_fs_context *ctx = fc->fs_private;
+	int opt;
+	struct fs_parse_result result;
+
+	opt = fs_parse(fc, ext2_param_spec, param, &result);
+	if (opt < 0)
+		return opt;
+
+	switch (opt) {
+	case Opt_bsd_df:
+		ctx_clear_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_MINIX_DF);
+		break;
+	case Opt_minix_df:
+		ctx_set_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_MINIX_DF);
+		break;
+	case Opt_grpid:
+		ctx_set_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_GRPID);
+		break;
+	case Opt_nogrpid:
+		ctx_clear_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_GRPID);
+		break;
+	case Opt_resuid:
+		ctx->s_resuid = result.uid;
+		ctx->spec |= EXT2_SPEC_s_resuid;
+		break;
+	case Opt_resgid:
+		ctx->s_resgid = result.gid;
+		ctx->spec |= EXT2_SPEC_s_resgid;
+		break;
+	case Opt_sb:
+		/* Note that this is silently ignored on remount */
+		ctx->s_sb_block = result.uint_32;
+		break;
+	case Opt_errors:
+		ctx_clear_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_ERRORS_MASK);
+		ctx_set_mount_opt(ctx, result.uint_32);
+		break;
+	case Opt_nouid32:
+		ctx_set_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_NO_UID32);
+		break;
+	case Opt_debug:
+		ctx_set_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_DEBUG);
+		break;
+	case Opt_oldalloc:
+		ctx_set_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_OLDALLOC);
+		break;
+	case Opt_orlov:
+		ctx_clear_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_OLDALLOC);
+		break;
+	case Opt_nobh:
+		ext2_msg_fc(fc, KERN_INFO, "nobh option not supported\n");
+		break;
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_XATTR
+	case Opt_user_xattr:
+		if (!result.negated)
+			ctx_set_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_XATTR_USER);
+		else
+			ctx_clear_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_XATTR_USER);
+		break;
+#else
+	case Opt_user_xattr:
+		ext2_msg_fc(fc, KERN_INFO, "(no)user_xattr options not supported");
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_POSIX_ACL
+	case Opt_acl:
+		if (!result.negated)
+			ctx_set_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_POSIX_ACL);
+		else
+			ctx_clear_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_POSIX_ACL);
+		break;
+#else
+	case Opt_acl:
+		ext2_msg_fc(fc, KERN_INFO, "(no)acl options not supported");
+		break;
+#endif
+	case Opt_xip:
+		ext2_msg_fc(fc, KERN_WARNING, "DAX support has been removed. xip option ignored.");
+		break;
+	case Opt_dax:
+		ext2_msg_fc(fc, KERN_WARNING, "DAX support has been removed. dax option ignored.");
+		break;
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_QUOTA)
+	case Opt_quota:
+	case Opt_usrquota:
+		ctx_set_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_USRQUOTA);
+		break;
+
+	case Opt_grpquota:
+		ctx_set_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_GRPQUOTA);
+		break;
+#else
+	case Opt_quota:
+	case Opt_usrquota:
+	case Opt_grpquota:
+		ext2_msg_fc(fc, KERN_INFO, "quota operations not supported");
+		break;
+#endif
+	case Opt_reservation:
+		if (!result.negated) {
+			ctx_set_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_RESERVATION);
+			ext2_msg_fc(fc, KERN_INFO, "reservations ON");
+		} else {
+			ctx_clear_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_RESERVATION);
+			ext2_msg_fc(fc, KERN_INFO, "reservations OFF");
+		}
+		break;
+	case Opt_ignore:
+		break;
+	default:
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ext2_setup_super (struct super_block * sb,
+			      struct ext2_super_block * es,
+			      int read_only)
+{
+	int res = 0;
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+
+	if (le32_to_cpu(es->s_rev_level) > EXT2_MAX_SUPP_REV) {
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			"error: revision level too high, "
+			"forcing read-only mode");
+		res = SB_RDONLY;
+	}
+	if (read_only)
+		return res;
+	if (!(sbi->s_mount_state & EXT2_VALID_FS))
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			"warning: mounting unchecked fs, "
+			"running e2fsck is recommended");
+	else if ((sbi->s_mount_state & EXT2_ERROR_FS))
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			"warning: mounting fs with errors, "
+			"running e2fsck is recommended");
+	else if ((__s16) le16_to_cpu(es->s_max_mnt_count) >= 0 &&
+		 le16_to_cpu(es->s_mnt_count) >=
+		 (unsigned short) (__s16) le16_to_cpu(es->s_max_mnt_count))
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			"warning: maximal mount count reached, "
+			"running e2fsck is recommended");
+	else if (le32_to_cpu(es->s_checkinterval) &&
+		(le32_to_cpu(es->s_lastcheck) +
+			le32_to_cpu(es->s_checkinterval) <=
+			ktime_get_real_seconds()))
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			"warning: checktime reached, "
+			"running e2fsck is recommended");
+	if (!le16_to_cpu(es->s_max_mnt_count))
+		es->s_max_mnt_count = cpu_to_le16(EXT2_DFL_MAX_MNT_COUNT);
+	le16_add_cpu(&es->s_mnt_count, 1);
+	if (test_opt (sb, DEBUG))
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_INFO, "%s, %s, bs=%lu, gc=%lu, "
+			"bpg=%lu, ipg=%lu, mo=%04lx]",
+			EXT2FS_VERSION, EXT2FS_DATE, sb->s_blocksize,
+			sbi->s_groups_count,
+			EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb),
+			EXT2_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb),
+			sbi->s_mount_opt);
+	return res;
+}
+
+static int ext2_check_descriptors(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+
+	ext2_debug ("Checking group descriptors");
+
+	for (i = 0; i < sbi->s_groups_count; i++) {
+		struct ext2_group_desc *gdp = ext2_get_group_desc(sb, i, NULL);
+		ext2_fsblk_t first_block = ext2_group_first_block_no(sb, i);
+		ext2_fsblk_t last_block = ext2_group_last_block_no(sb, i);
+
+		if (le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_block_bitmap) < first_block ||
+		    le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_block_bitmap) > last_block)
+		{
+			ext2_error (sb, "ext2_check_descriptors",
+				    "Block bitmap for group %d"
+				    " not in group (block %lu)!",
+				    i, (unsigned long) le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_block_bitmap));
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_inode_bitmap) < first_block ||
+		    le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_inode_bitmap) > last_block)
+		{
+			ext2_error (sb, "ext2_check_descriptors",
+				    "Inode bitmap for group %d"
+				    " not in group (block %lu)!",
+				    i, (unsigned long) le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_inode_bitmap));
+			return 0;
+		}
+		if (le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_inode_table) < first_block ||
+		    le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_inode_table) + sbi->s_itb_per_group - 1 >
+		    last_block)
+		{
+			ext2_error (sb, "ext2_check_descriptors",
+				    "Inode table for group %d"
+				    " not in group (block %lu)!",
+				    i, (unsigned long) le32_to_cpu(gdp->bg_inode_table));
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Maximal file size.  There is a direct, and {,double-,triple-}indirect
+ * block limit, and also a limit of (2^32 - 1) 512-byte sectors in i_blocks.
+ * We need to be 1 filesystem block less than the 2^32 sector limit.
+ */
+static loff_t ext2_max_size(int bits)
+{
+	loff_t res = EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS;
+	int meta_blocks;
+	unsigned int upper_limit;
+	unsigned int ppb = 1 << (bits-2);
+
+	/* This is calculated to be the largest file size for a
+	 * dense, file such that the total number of
+	 * sectors in the file, including data and all indirect blocks,
+	 * does not exceed 2^32 -1
+	 * __u32 i_blocks representing the total number of
+	 * 512 bytes blocks of the file
+	 */
+	upper_limit = (1LL << 32) - 1;
+
+	/* total blocks in file system block size */
+	upper_limit >>= (bits - 9);
+
+	/* Compute how many blocks we can address by block tree */
+	res += 1LL << (bits-2);
+	res += 1LL << (2*(bits-2));
+	res += 1LL << (3*(bits-2));
+	/* Compute how many metadata blocks are needed */
+	meta_blocks = 1;
+	meta_blocks += 1 + ppb;
+	meta_blocks += 1 + ppb + ppb * ppb;
+	/* Does block tree limit file size? */
+	if (res + meta_blocks <= upper_limit)
+		goto check_lfs;
+
+	res = upper_limit;
+	/* How many metadata blocks are needed for addressing upper_limit? */
+	upper_limit -= EXT2_NDIR_BLOCKS;
+	/* indirect blocks */
+	meta_blocks = 1;
+	upper_limit -= ppb;
+	/* double indirect blocks */
+	if (upper_limit < ppb * ppb) {
+		meta_blocks += 1 + DIV_ROUND_UP(upper_limit, ppb);
+		res -= meta_blocks;
+		goto check_lfs;
+	}
+	meta_blocks += 1 + ppb;
+	upper_limit -= ppb * ppb;
+	/* tripple indirect blocks for the rest */
+	meta_blocks += 1 + DIV_ROUND_UP(upper_limit, ppb) +
+		DIV_ROUND_UP(upper_limit, ppb*ppb);
+	res -= meta_blocks;
+check_lfs:
+	res <<= bits;
+	if (res > MAX_LFS_FILESIZE)
+		res = MAX_LFS_FILESIZE;
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+static unsigned long descriptor_loc(struct super_block *sb,
+				    unsigned long logic_sb_block,
+				    int nr)
+{
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+	unsigned long bg, first_meta_bg;
+	
+	first_meta_bg = le32_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_first_meta_bg);
+
+	if (!EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_META_BG) ||
+	    nr < first_meta_bg)
+		return (logic_sb_block + nr + 1);
+	bg = sbi->s_desc_per_block * nr;
+
+	return ext2_group_first_block_no(sb, bg) + ext2_bg_has_super(sb, bg);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Set all mount options either from defaults on disk, or from parsed
+ * options. Parsed/specified options override on-disk defaults.
+ */
+static void ext2_set_options(struct fs_context *fc, struct ext2_sb_info *sbi)
+{
+	struct ext2_fs_context *ctx = fc->fs_private;
+	struct ext2_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
+	unsigned long def_mount_opts = le32_to_cpu(es->s_default_mount_opts);
+
+	/* Copy parsed mount options to sbi */
+	sbi->s_mount_opt = ctx->vals_s_mount_opt;
+
+	/* Use in-superblock defaults only if not specified during parsing */
+	if (!ctx_parsed_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_DEBUG) &&
+	    def_mount_opts & EXT2_DEFM_DEBUG)
+		set_opt(sbi->s_mount_opt, DEBUG);
+
+	if (!ctx_parsed_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_GRPID) &&
+	    def_mount_opts & EXT2_DEFM_BSDGROUPS)
+		set_opt(sbi->s_mount_opt, GRPID);
+
+	if (!ctx_parsed_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_NO_UID32) &&
+	    def_mount_opts & EXT2_DEFM_UID16)
+		set_opt(sbi->s_mount_opt, NO_UID32);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_XATTR
+	if (!ctx_parsed_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_XATTR_USER) &&
+	    def_mount_opts & EXT2_DEFM_XATTR_USER)
+		set_opt(sbi->s_mount_opt, XATTR_USER);
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_POSIX_ACL
+	if (!ctx_parsed_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_POSIX_ACL) &&
+	    def_mount_opts & EXT2_DEFM_ACL)
+		set_opt(sbi->s_mount_opt, POSIX_ACL);
+#endif
+
+	if (!ctx_parsed_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_ERRORS_MASK)) {
+		if (le16_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_errors) == EXT2_ERRORS_PANIC)
+			set_opt(sbi->s_mount_opt, ERRORS_PANIC);
+		else if (le16_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_errors) == EXT2_ERRORS_CONTINUE)
+			set_opt(sbi->s_mount_opt, ERRORS_CONT);
+		else
+			set_opt(sbi->s_mount_opt, ERRORS_RO);
+	}
+
+	if (ctx->spec & EXT2_SPEC_s_resuid)
+		sbi->s_resuid = ctx->s_resuid;
+	else
+		sbi->s_resuid = make_kuid(&init_user_ns,
+					   le16_to_cpu(es->s_def_resuid));
+
+	if (ctx->spec & EXT2_SPEC_s_resgid)
+		sbi->s_resgid = ctx->s_resgid;
+	else
+		sbi->s_resgid = make_kgid(&init_user_ns,
+					   le16_to_cpu(es->s_def_resgid));
+}
+
+static int ext2_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, struct fs_context *fc)
+{
+	struct ext2_fs_context *ctx = fc->fs_private;
+	int silent = fc->sb_flags & SB_SILENT;
+	struct buffer_head * bh;
+	struct ext2_sb_info * sbi;
+	struct ext2_super_block * es;
+	struct inode *root;
+	unsigned long block;
+	unsigned long sb_block = ctx->s_sb_block;
+	unsigned long logic_sb_block;
+	unsigned long offset = 0;
+	long ret = -ENOMEM;
+	int blocksize = BLOCK_SIZE;
+	int db_count;
+	int i, j;
+	__le32 features;
+	int err;
+
+	sbi = kzalloc_obj(*sbi);
+	if (!sbi)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	sbi->s_blockgroup_lock =
+		kzalloc_obj(struct blockgroup_lock);
+	if (!sbi->s_blockgroup_lock) {
+		kfree(sbi);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+	sb->s_fs_info = sbi;
+	sbi->s_sb_block = sb_block;
+
+	spin_lock_init(&sbi->s_lock);
+	ret = -EINVAL;
+
+	/*
+	 * See what the current blocksize for the device is, and
+	 * use that as the blocksize.  Otherwise (or if the blocksize
+	 * is smaller than the default) use the default.
+	 * This is important for devices that have a hardware
+	 * sectorsize that is larger than the default.
+	 */
+	blocksize = sb_min_blocksize(sb, BLOCK_SIZE);
+	if (!blocksize) {
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error: unable to set blocksize");
+		goto failed_sbi;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If the superblock doesn't start on a hardware sector boundary,
+	 * calculate the offset.  
+	 */
+	if (blocksize != BLOCK_SIZE) {
+		logic_sb_block = (sb_block*BLOCK_SIZE) / blocksize;
+		offset = (sb_block*BLOCK_SIZE) % blocksize;
+	} else {
+		logic_sb_block = sb_block;
+	}
+
+	if (!(bh = sb_bread(sb, logic_sb_block))) {
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error: unable to read superblock");
+		goto failed_sbi;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Note: s_es must be initialized as soon as possible because
+	 *       some ext2 macro-instructions depend on its value
+	 */
+	es = (struct ext2_super_block *) (((char *)bh->b_data) + offset);
+	sbi->s_es = es;
+	sb->s_magic = le16_to_cpu(es->s_magic);
+
+	if (sb->s_magic != EXT2_SUPER_MAGIC)
+		goto cantfind_ext2;
+
+	ext2_set_options(fc, sbi);
+
+	sb->s_flags = (sb->s_flags & ~SB_POSIXACL) |
+		(test_opt(sb, POSIX_ACL) ? SB_POSIXACL : 0);
+	sb->s_iflags |= SB_I_CGROUPWB;
+
+	if (le32_to_cpu(es->s_rev_level) == EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV &&
+	    (EXT2_HAS_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb, ~0U) ||
+	     EXT2_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb, ~0U) ||
+	     EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, ~0U)))
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			"warning: feature flags set on rev 0 fs, "
+			"running e2fsck is recommended");
+	/*
+	 * Check feature flags regardless of the revision level, since we
+	 * previously didn't change the revision level when setting the flags,
+	 * so there is a chance incompat flags are set on a rev 0 filesystem.
+	 */
+	features = EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, ~EXT2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_SUPP);
+	if (features) {
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,	"error: couldn't mount because of "
+		       "unsupported optional features (%x)",
+			le32_to_cpu(features));
+		goto failed_mount;
+	}
+	if (!sb_rdonly(sb) && (features = EXT2_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb, ~EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SUPP))){
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error: couldn't mount RDWR because of "
+		       "unsupported optional features (%x)",
+		       le32_to_cpu(features));
+		goto failed_mount;
+	}
+
+	if (le32_to_cpu(es->s_log_block_size) >
+	    (EXT2_MAX_BLOCK_LOG_SIZE - BLOCK_SIZE_BITS)) {
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			 "Invalid log block size: %u",
+			 le32_to_cpu(es->s_log_block_size));
+		goto failed_mount;
+	}
+	blocksize = BLOCK_SIZE << le32_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_log_block_size);
+
+	/* If the blocksize doesn't match, re-read the thing.. */
+	if (sb->s_blocksize != blocksize) {
+		brelse(bh);
+
+		if (!sb_set_blocksize(sb, blocksize)) {
+			ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+				"error: bad blocksize %d", blocksize);
+			goto failed_sbi;
+		}
+
+		logic_sb_block = (sb_block*BLOCK_SIZE) / blocksize;
+		offset = (sb_block*BLOCK_SIZE) % blocksize;
+		bh = sb_bread(sb, logic_sb_block);
+		if(!bh) {
+			ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error: couldn't read"
+				"superblock on 2nd try");
+			goto failed_sbi;
+		}
+		es = (struct ext2_super_block *) (((char *)bh->b_data) + offset);
+		sbi->s_es = es;
+		if (es->s_magic != cpu_to_le16(EXT2_SUPER_MAGIC)) {
+			ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error: magic mismatch");
+			goto failed_mount;
+		}
+	}
+
+	sb->s_maxbytes = ext2_max_size(sb->s_blocksize_bits);
+	sb->s_max_links = EXT2_LINK_MAX;
+	sb->s_time_min = S32_MIN;
+	sb->s_time_max = S32_MAX;
+
+	if (le32_to_cpu(es->s_rev_level) == EXT2_GOOD_OLD_REV) {
+		sbi->s_inode_size = EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE;
+		sbi->s_first_ino = EXT2_GOOD_OLD_FIRST_INO;
+	} else {
+		sbi->s_inode_size = le16_to_cpu(es->s_inode_size);
+		sbi->s_first_ino = le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_ino);
+		if ((sbi->s_inode_size < EXT2_GOOD_OLD_INODE_SIZE) ||
+		    !is_power_of_2(sbi->s_inode_size) ||
+		    (sbi->s_inode_size > blocksize)) {
+			ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+				"error: unsupported inode size: %d",
+				sbi->s_inode_size);
+			goto failed_mount;
+		}
+	}
+
+	sbi->s_blocks_per_group = le32_to_cpu(es->s_blocks_per_group);
+	sbi->s_inodes_per_group = le32_to_cpu(es->s_inodes_per_group);
+
+	sbi->s_inodes_per_block = sb->s_blocksize / EXT2_INODE_SIZE(sb);
+	if (sbi->s_inodes_per_block == 0 || sbi->s_inodes_per_group == 0)
+		goto cantfind_ext2;
+	sbi->s_itb_per_group = sbi->s_inodes_per_group /
+					sbi->s_inodes_per_block;
+	sbi->s_desc_per_block = sb->s_blocksize /
+					sizeof (struct ext2_group_desc);
+	sbi->s_sbh = bh;
+	sbi->s_mount_state = le16_to_cpu(es->s_state);
+	sbi->s_addr_per_block_bits =
+		ilog2 (EXT2_ADDR_PER_BLOCK(sb));
+	sbi->s_desc_per_block_bits =
+		ilog2 (EXT2_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb));
+
+	if (sb->s_magic != EXT2_SUPER_MAGIC)
+		goto cantfind_ext2;
+
+	if (sb->s_blocksize != bh->b_size) {
+		if (!silent)
+			ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error: unsupported blocksize");
+		goto failed_mount;
+	}
+
+	if (es->s_log_frag_size != es->s_log_block_size) {
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			"error: fragsize log %u != blocksize log %u",
+			le32_to_cpu(es->s_log_frag_size), sb->s_blocksize_bits);
+		goto failed_mount;
+	}
+
+	if (sbi->s_blocks_per_group > sb->s_blocksize * 8) {
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			"error: #blocks per group too big: %lu",
+			sbi->s_blocks_per_group);
+		goto failed_mount;
+	}
+	/* At least inode table, bitmaps, and sb have to fit in one group */
+	if (sbi->s_blocks_per_group <= sbi->s_itb_per_group + 3) {
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			"error: #blocks per group smaller than metadata size: %lu <= %lu",
+			sbi->s_blocks_per_group, sbi->s_inodes_per_group + 3);
+		goto failed_mount;
+	}
+	if (sbi->s_inodes_per_group < sbi->s_inodes_per_block ||
+	    sbi->s_inodes_per_group > sb->s_blocksize * 8) {
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			"error: invalid #inodes per group: %lu",
+			sbi->s_inodes_per_group);
+		goto failed_mount;
+	}
+	if (sb_bdev_nr_blocks(sb) < le32_to_cpu(es->s_blocks_count)) {
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			 "bad geometry: block count %u exceeds size of device (%u blocks)",
+			 le32_to_cpu(es->s_blocks_count),
+			 (unsigned)sb_bdev_nr_blocks(sb));
+		goto failed_mount;
+	}
+
+	sbi->s_groups_count = ((le32_to_cpu(es->s_blocks_count) -
+				le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_data_block) - 1)
+					/ EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb)) + 1;
+	if ((u64)sbi->s_groups_count * sbi->s_inodes_per_group !=
+	    le32_to_cpu(es->s_inodes_count)) {
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error: invalid #inodes: %u vs computed %llu",
+			 le32_to_cpu(es->s_inodes_count),
+			 (u64)sbi->s_groups_count * sbi->s_inodes_per_group);
+		goto failed_mount;
+	}
+	db_count = (sbi->s_groups_count + EXT2_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb) - 1) /
+		   EXT2_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb);
+	sbi->s_group_desc = kvmalloc_objs(struct buffer_head *, db_count);
+	if (sbi->s_group_desc == NULL) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error: not enough memory");
+		goto failed_mount;
+	}
+	bgl_lock_init(sbi->s_blockgroup_lock);
+	sbi->s_debts = kcalloc(sbi->s_groups_count, sizeof(*sbi->s_debts), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!sbi->s_debts) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error: not enough memory");
+		goto failed_mount_group_desc;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < db_count; i++) {
+		block = descriptor_loc(sb, logic_sb_block, i);
+		sbi->s_group_desc[i] = sb_bread(sb, block);
+		if (!sbi->s_group_desc[i]) {
+			for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
+				brelse (sbi->s_group_desc[j]);
+			ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+				"error: unable to read group descriptors");
+			goto failed_mount_group_desc;
+		}
+	}
+	if (!ext2_check_descriptors (sb)) {
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "group descriptors corrupted");
+		goto failed_mount2;
+	}
+	sbi->s_gdb_count = db_count;
+	sbi->s_next_generation = get_random_u32();
+	spin_lock_init(&sbi->s_next_gen_lock);
+
+	/* per filesystem reservation list head & lock */
+	spin_lock_init(&sbi->s_rsv_window_lock);
+	sbi->s_rsv_window_root = RB_ROOT;
+	/*
+	 * Add a single, static dummy reservation to the start of the
+	 * reservation window list --- it gives us a placeholder for
+	 * append-at-start-of-list which makes the allocation logic
+	 * _much_ simpler.
+	 */
+	sbi->s_rsv_window_head.rsv_start = EXT2_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED;
+	sbi->s_rsv_window_head.rsv_end = EXT2_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED;
+	sbi->s_rsv_window_head.rsv_alloc_hit = 0;
+	sbi->s_rsv_window_head.rsv_goal_size = 0;
+	ext2_rsv_window_add(sb, &sbi->s_rsv_window_head);
+
+	err = percpu_counter_init(&sbi->s_freeblocks_counter,
+				ext2_count_free_blocks(sb), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!err) {
+		err = percpu_counter_init(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter,
+				ext2_count_free_inodes(sb), GFP_KERNEL);
+	}
+	if (!err) {
+		err = percpu_counter_init(&sbi->s_dirs_counter,
+				ext2_count_dirs(sb), GFP_KERNEL);
+	}
+	if (err) {
+		ret = err;
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error: insufficient memory");
+		goto failed_mount3;
+	}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_XATTR
+	sbi->s_ea_block_cache = ext2_xattr_create_cache();
+	if (!sbi->s_ea_block_cache) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "Failed to create ea_block_cache");
+		goto failed_mount3;
+	}
+#endif
+	/*
+	 * set up enough so that it can read an inode
+	 */
+	sb->s_op = &ext2_sops;
+	sb->s_export_op = &ext2_export_ops;
+	sb->s_xattr = ext2_xattr_handlers;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+	sb->dq_op = &dquot_operations;
+	sb->s_qcop = &ext2_quotactl_ops;
+	sb->s_quota_types = QTYPE_MASK_USR | QTYPE_MASK_GRP;
+#endif
+
+	root = ext2_iget(sb, EXT2_ROOT_INO);
+	if (IS_ERR(root)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(root);
+		goto failed_mount3;
+	}
+	if (!S_ISDIR(root->i_mode) || !root->i_blocks || !root->i_size) {
+		iput(root);
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error: corrupt root inode, run e2fsck");
+		goto failed_mount3;
+	}
+
+	sb->s_root = d_make_root(root);
+	if (!sb->s_root) {
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "error: get root inode failed");
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto failed_mount3;
+	}
+	if (EXT2_HAS_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL))
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+			"warning: mounting ext3 filesystem as ext2");
+	if (ext2_setup_super (sb, es, sb_rdonly(sb)))
+		sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
+	ext2_write_super(sb);
+	return 0;
+
+cantfind_ext2:
+	if (!silent)
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+			"error: can't find an ext2 filesystem on dev %s.",
+			sb->s_id);
+	goto failed_mount;
+failed_mount3:
+	ext2_xattr_destroy_cache(sbi->s_ea_block_cache);
+	percpu_counter_destroy(&sbi->s_freeblocks_counter);
+	percpu_counter_destroy(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter);
+	percpu_counter_destroy(&sbi->s_dirs_counter);
+failed_mount2:
+	for (i = 0; i < db_count; i++)
+		brelse(sbi->s_group_desc[i]);
+failed_mount_group_desc:
+	kvfree(sbi->s_group_desc);
+	kfree(sbi->s_debts);
+failed_mount:
+	brelse(bh);
+failed_sbi:
+	sb->s_fs_info = NULL;
+	kfree(sbi->s_blockgroup_lock);
+	kfree(sbi);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void ext2_clear_super_error(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	struct buffer_head *sbh = EXT2_SB(sb)->s_sbh;
+
+	if (buffer_write_io_error(sbh)) {
+		/*
+		 * Oh, dear.  A previous attempt to write the
+		 * superblock failed.  This could happen because the
+		 * USB device was yanked out.  Or it could happen to
+		 * be a transient write error and maybe the block will
+		 * be remapped.  Nothing we can do but to retry the
+		 * write and hope for the best.
+		 */
+		ext2_msg(sb, KERN_ERR,
+		       "previous I/O error to superblock detected");
+		clear_buffer_write_io_error(sbh);
+		set_buffer_uptodate(sbh);
+	}
+}
+
+void ext2_sync_super(struct super_block *sb, struct ext2_super_block *es,
+		     int wait)
+{
+	ext2_clear_super_error(sb);
+	spin_lock(&EXT2_SB(sb)->s_lock);
+	es->s_free_blocks_count = cpu_to_le32(ext2_count_free_blocks(sb));
+	es->s_free_inodes_count = cpu_to_le32(ext2_count_free_inodes(sb));
+	es->s_wtime = cpu_to_le32(ktime_get_real_seconds());
+	/* unlock before we do IO */
+	spin_unlock(&EXT2_SB(sb)->s_lock);
+	mark_buffer_dirty(EXT2_SB(sb)->s_sbh);
+	if (wait)
+		sync_dirty_buffer(EXT2_SB(sb)->s_sbh);
+}
+
+/*
+ * In the second extended file system, it is not necessary to
+ * write the super block since we use a mapping of the
+ * disk super block in a buffer.
+ *
+ * However, this function is still used to set the fs valid
+ * flags to 0.  We need to set this flag to 0 since the fs
+ * may have been checked while mounted and e2fsck may have
+ * set s_state to EXT2_VALID_FS after some corrections.
+ */
+static int ext2_sync_fs(struct super_block *sb, int wait)
+{
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+	struct ext2_super_block *es = EXT2_SB(sb)->s_es;
+
+	/*
+	 * Write quota structures to quota file, sync_blockdev() will write
+	 * them to disk later
+	 */
+	dquot_writeback_dquots(sb, -1);
+
+	spin_lock(&sbi->s_lock);
+	if (es->s_state & cpu_to_le16(EXT2_VALID_FS)) {
+		ext2_debug("setting valid to 0\n");
+		es->s_state &= cpu_to_le16(~EXT2_VALID_FS);
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&sbi->s_lock);
+	ext2_sync_super(sb, es, wait);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ext2_freeze(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+
+	/*
+	 * Open but unlinked files present? Keep EXT2_VALID_FS flag cleared
+	 * because we have unattached inodes and thus filesystem is not fully
+	 * consistent.
+	 */
+	if (atomic_long_read(&sb->s_remove_count)) {
+		ext2_sync_fs(sb, 1);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	/* Set EXT2_FS_VALID flag */
+	spin_lock(&sbi->s_lock);
+	sbi->s_es->s_state = cpu_to_le16(sbi->s_mount_state);
+	spin_unlock(&sbi->s_lock);
+	ext2_sync_super(sb, sbi->s_es, 1);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ext2_unfreeze(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	/* Just write sb to clear EXT2_VALID_FS flag */
+	ext2_write_super(sb);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void ext2_write_super(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	if (!sb_rdonly(sb))
+		ext2_sync_fs(sb, 1);
+}
+
+static int ext2_reconfigure(struct fs_context *fc)
+{
+	struct ext2_fs_context *ctx = fc->fs_private;
+	struct super_block *sb = fc->root->d_sb;
+	struct ext2_sb_info * sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+	struct ext2_super_block * es;
+	struct ext2_mount_options new_opts;
+	int flags = fc->sb_flags;
+	int err;
+
+	sync_filesystem(sb);
+
+	new_opts.s_mount_opt = ctx->vals_s_mount_opt;
+	new_opts.s_resuid = ctx->s_resuid;
+	new_opts.s_resgid = ctx->s_resgid;
+
+	spin_lock(&sbi->s_lock);
+	es = sbi->s_es;
+	if ((bool)(flags & SB_RDONLY) == sb_rdonly(sb))
+		goto out_set;
+	if (flags & SB_RDONLY) {
+		if (le16_to_cpu(es->s_state) & EXT2_VALID_FS ||
+		    !(sbi->s_mount_state & EXT2_VALID_FS))
+			goto out_set;
+
+		/*
+		 * OK, we are remounting a valid rw partition rdonly, so set
+		 * the rdonly flag and then mark the partition as valid again.
+		 */
+		es->s_state = cpu_to_le16(sbi->s_mount_state);
+		es->s_mtime = cpu_to_le32(ktime_get_real_seconds());
+		spin_unlock(&sbi->s_lock);
+
+		err = dquot_suspend(sb, -1);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+
+		ext2_sync_super(sb, es, 1);
+	} else {
+		__le32 ret = EXT2_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb,
+					       ~EXT2_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SUPP);
+		if (ret) {
+			spin_unlock(&sbi->s_lock);
+			ext2_msg(sb, KERN_WARNING,
+				"warning: couldn't remount RDWR because of "
+				"unsupported optional features (%x).",
+				le32_to_cpu(ret));
+			return -EROFS;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Mounting a RDONLY partition read-write, so reread and
+		 * store the current valid flag.  (It may have been changed
+		 * by e2fsck since we originally mounted the partition.)
+		 */
+		sbi->s_mount_state = le16_to_cpu(es->s_state);
+		if (!ext2_setup_super (sb, es, 0))
+			sb->s_flags &= ~SB_RDONLY;
+		spin_unlock(&sbi->s_lock);
+
+		ext2_write_super(sb);
+
+		dquot_resume(sb, -1);
+	}
+
+	spin_lock(&sbi->s_lock);
+out_set:
+	sbi->s_mount_opt = new_opts.s_mount_opt;
+	sbi->s_resuid = new_opts.s_resuid;
+	sbi->s_resgid = new_opts.s_resgid;
+	sb->s_flags = (sb->s_flags & ~SB_POSIXACL) |
+		(test_opt(sb, POSIX_ACL) ? SB_POSIXACL : 0);
+	spin_unlock(&sbi->s_lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ext2_statfs (struct dentry * dentry, struct kstatfs * buf)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb = dentry->d_sb;
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+	struct ext2_super_block *es = sbi->s_es;
+
+	spin_lock(&sbi->s_lock);
+
+	if (test_opt (sb, MINIX_DF))
+		sbi->s_overhead_last = 0;
+	else if (sbi->s_blocks_last != le32_to_cpu(es->s_blocks_count)) {
+		unsigned long i, overhead = 0;
+		smp_rmb();
+
+		/*
+		 * Compute the overhead (FS structures). This is constant
+		 * for a given filesystem unless the number of block groups
+		 * changes so we cache the previous value until it does.
+		 */
+
+		/*
+		 * All of the blocks before first_data_block are
+		 * overhead
+		 */
+		overhead = le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_data_block);
+
+		/*
+		 * Add the overhead attributed to the superblock and
+		 * block group descriptors.  If the sparse superblocks
+		 * feature is turned on, then not all groups have this.
+		 */
+		for (i = 0; i < sbi->s_groups_count; i++)
+			overhead += ext2_bg_has_super(sb, i) +
+				ext2_bg_num_gdb(sb, i);
+
+		/*
+		 * Every block group has an inode bitmap, a block
+		 * bitmap, and an inode table.
+		 */
+		overhead += (sbi->s_groups_count *
+			     (2 + sbi->s_itb_per_group));
+		sbi->s_overhead_last = overhead;
+		smp_wmb();
+		sbi->s_blocks_last = le32_to_cpu(es->s_blocks_count);
+	}
+
+	buf->f_type = EXT2_SUPER_MAGIC;
+	buf->f_bsize = sb->s_blocksize;
+	buf->f_blocks = le32_to_cpu(es->s_blocks_count) - sbi->s_overhead_last;
+	buf->f_bfree = ext2_count_free_blocks(sb);
+	es->s_free_blocks_count = cpu_to_le32(buf->f_bfree);
+	buf->f_bavail = buf->f_bfree - le32_to_cpu(es->s_r_blocks_count);
+	if (buf->f_bfree < le32_to_cpu(es->s_r_blocks_count))
+		buf->f_bavail = 0;
+	buf->f_files = le32_to_cpu(es->s_inodes_count);
+	buf->f_ffree = ext2_count_free_inodes(sb);
+	es->s_free_inodes_count = cpu_to_le32(buf->f_ffree);
+	buf->f_namelen = EXT2_NAME_LEN;
+	buf->f_fsid = uuid_to_fsid(es->s_uuid);
+	spin_unlock(&sbi->s_lock);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ext2_get_tree(struct fs_context *fc)
+{
+	return get_tree_bdev(fc, ext2_fill_super);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+
+/* Read data from quotafile - avoid pagecache and such because we cannot afford
+ * acquiring the locks... As quota files are never truncated and quota code
+ * itself serializes the operations (and no one else should touch the files)
+ * we don't have to be afraid of races */
+static ssize_t ext2_quota_read(struct super_block *sb, int type, char *data,
+			       size_t len, loff_t off)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = sb_dqopt(sb)->files[type];
+	sector_t blk = off >> EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb);
+	int err = 0;
+	int offset = off & (sb->s_blocksize - 1);
+	int tocopy;
+	size_t toread;
+	struct buffer_head tmp_bh;
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+	loff_t i_size = i_size_read(inode);
+
+	if (off > i_size)
+		return 0;
+	if (off+len > i_size)
+		len = i_size-off;
+	toread = len;
+	while (toread > 0) {
+		tocopy = min_t(size_t, sb->s_blocksize - offset, toread);
+
+		tmp_bh.b_state = 0;
+		tmp_bh.b_size = sb->s_blocksize;
+		err = ext2_get_block(inode, blk, &tmp_bh, 0);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		if (!buffer_mapped(&tmp_bh))	/* A hole? */
+			memset(data, 0, tocopy);
+		else {
+			bh = sb_bread(sb, tmp_bh.b_blocknr);
+			if (!bh)
+				return -EIO;
+			memcpy(data, bh->b_data+offset, tocopy);
+			brelse(bh);
+		}
+		offset = 0;
+		toread -= tocopy;
+		data += tocopy;
+		blk++;
+	}
+	return len;
+}
+
+/* Write to quotafile */
+static ssize_t ext2_quota_write(struct super_block *sb, int type,
+				const char *data, size_t len, loff_t off)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = sb_dqopt(sb)->files[type];
+	sector_t blk = off >> EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE_BITS(sb);
+	int err = 0;
+	int offset = off & (sb->s_blocksize - 1);
+	int tocopy;
+	size_t towrite = len;
+	struct buffer_head tmp_bh;
+	struct buffer_head *bh;
+
+	while (towrite > 0) {
+		tocopy = min_t(size_t, sb->s_blocksize - offset, towrite);
+
+		tmp_bh.b_state = 0;
+		tmp_bh.b_size = sb->s_blocksize;
+		err = ext2_get_block(inode, blk, &tmp_bh, 1);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto out;
+		if (offset || tocopy != EXT2_BLOCK_SIZE(sb))
+			bh = sb_bread(sb, tmp_bh.b_blocknr);
+		else
+			bh = sb_getblk(sb, tmp_bh.b_blocknr);
+		if (unlikely(!bh)) {
+			err = -EIO;
+			goto out;
+		}
+		lock_buffer(bh);
+		memcpy(bh->b_data+offset, data, tocopy);
+		flush_dcache_folio(bh->b_folio);
+		set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+		mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
+		unlock_buffer(bh);
+		brelse(bh);
+		offset = 0;
+		towrite -= tocopy;
+		data += tocopy;
+		blk++;
+	}
+out:
+	if (len == towrite)
+		return err;
+	if (inode->i_size < off+len-towrite)
+		i_size_write(inode, off+len-towrite);
+	inode_inc_iversion(inode);
+	inode_set_mtime_to_ts(inode, inode_set_ctime_current(inode));
+	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+	return len - towrite;
+}
+
+static int ext2_quota_on(struct super_block *sb, int type, int format_id,
+			 const struct path *path)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct inode *inode;
+
+	err = dquot_quota_on(sb, type, format_id, path);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
+	inode_lock(inode);
+	EXT2_I(inode)->i_flags |= EXT2_NOATIME_FL | EXT2_IMMUTABLE_FL;
+	inode_set_flags(inode, S_NOATIME | S_IMMUTABLE,
+			S_NOATIME | S_IMMUTABLE);
+	inode_unlock(inode);
+	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ext2_quota_off(struct super_block *sb, int type)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = sb_dqopt(sb)->files[type];
+	int err;
+
+	if (!inode || !igrab(inode))
+		goto out;
+
+	err = dquot_quota_off(sb, type);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_put;
+
+	inode_lock(inode);
+	EXT2_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~(EXT2_NOATIME_FL | EXT2_IMMUTABLE_FL);
+	inode_set_flags(inode, 0, S_NOATIME | S_IMMUTABLE);
+	inode_unlock(inode);
+	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+out_put:
+	iput(inode);
+	return err;
+out:
+	return dquot_quota_off(sb, type);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+static const struct fs_context_operations ext2_context_ops = {
+	.parse_param	= ext2_parse_param,
+	.get_tree	= ext2_get_tree,
+	.reconfigure	= ext2_reconfigure,
+	.free		= ext2_free_fc,
+};
+
+static int ext2_init_fs_context(struct fs_context *fc)
+{
+	struct ext2_fs_context *ctx;
+
+	ctx = kzalloc_obj(*ctx);
+	if (!ctx)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	if (fc->purpose == FS_CONTEXT_FOR_RECONFIGURE) {
+		struct super_block *sb = fc->root->d_sb;
+		struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(sb);
+
+		spin_lock(&sbi->s_lock);
+		ctx->vals_s_mount_opt = sbi->s_mount_opt;
+		ctx->vals_s_flags = sb->s_flags;
+		ctx->s_resuid = sbi->s_resuid;
+		ctx->s_resgid = sbi->s_resgid;
+		spin_unlock(&sbi->s_lock);
+	} else {
+		ctx->s_sb_block = 1;
+		ctx_set_mount_opt(ctx, EXT2_MOUNT_RESERVATION);
+	}
+
+	fc->fs_private = ctx;
+	fc->ops = &ext2_context_ops;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct file_system_type ext2_fs_type = {
+	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
+	.name		= "ext2",
+	.kill_sb	= kill_block_super,
+	.fs_flags	= FS_REQUIRES_DEV,
+	.init_fs_context = ext2_init_fs_context,
+	.parameters	= ext2_param_spec,
+};
+MODULE_ALIAS_FS("ext2");
+
+static int __init init_ext2_fs(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = init_inodecache();
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+	err = register_filesystem(&ext2_fs_type);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+	return 0;
+out:
+	destroy_inodecache();
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void __exit exit_ext2_fs(void)
+{
+	unregister_filesystem(&ext2_fs_type);
+	destroy_inodecache();
+}
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Remy Card and others");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Second Extended Filesystem");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+module_init(init_ext2_fs)
+module_exit(exit_ext2_fs)
diff --git a/fs/ext2/symlink.c b/fs/ext2/symlink.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..948d3a441
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/symlink.c
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ *  linux/fs/ext2/symlink.c
+ *
+ * Only fast symlinks left here - the rest is done by generic code. AV, 1999
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
+ * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
+ * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
+ * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
+ *
+ *  from
+ *
+ *  linux/fs/minix/symlink.c
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
+ *
+ *  ext2 symlink handling code
+ */
+
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+
+const struct inode_operations ext2_symlink_inode_operations = {
+	.get_link	= page_get_link,
+	.getattr	= ext2_getattr,
+	.setattr	= ext2_setattr,
+	.listxattr	= ext2_listxattr,
+};
+ 
+const struct inode_operations ext2_fast_symlink_inode_operations = {
+	.get_link	= simple_get_link,
+	.getattr	= ext2_getattr,
+	.setattr	= ext2_setattr,
+	.listxattr	= ext2_listxattr,
+};
diff --git a/fs/ext2/trace.c b/fs/ext2/trace.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b01cdf652
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/trace.c
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include <linux/uio.h>
+
+#define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
+#include "trace.h"
diff --git a/fs/ext2/trace.h b/fs/ext2/trace.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0922c0e6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/trace.h
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
+#define TRACE_SYSTEM ext2
+
+#if !defined(_EXT2_TRACE_H) || defined(TRACE_HEADER_MULTI_READ)
+#define _EXT2_TRACE_H
+
+#include <linux/tracepoint.h>
+
+DECLARE_EVENT_CLASS(ext2_dio_class,
+	TP_PROTO(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter, ssize_t ret),
+	TP_ARGS(iocb, iter, ret),
+	TP_STRUCT__entry(
+		__field(dev_t,	dev)
+		__field(u64,	ino)
+		__field(loff_t, isize)
+		__field(loff_t, pos)
+		__field(size_t,	count)
+		__field(int,	ki_flags)
+		__field(bool,	aio)
+		__field(ssize_t, ret)
+	),
+	TP_fast_assign(
+		__entry->dev = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp)->i_sb->s_dev;
+		__entry->ino = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp)->i_ino;
+		__entry->isize = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp)->i_size;
+		__entry->pos = iocb->ki_pos;
+		__entry->count = iov_iter_count(iter);
+		__entry->ki_flags = iocb->ki_flags;
+		__entry->aio = !is_sync_kiocb(iocb);
+		__entry->ret = ret;
+	),
+	TP_printk("dev %d:%d ino 0x%llx isize 0x%llx pos 0x%llx len %zu flags %s aio %d ret %zd",
+		  MAJOR(__entry->dev), MINOR(__entry->dev),
+		  __entry->ino,
+		  __entry->isize,
+		  __entry->pos,
+		  __entry->count,
+		  __print_flags(__entry->ki_flags, "|", TRACE_IOCB_STRINGS),
+		  __entry->aio,
+		  __entry->ret)
+);
+
+#define DEFINE_DIO_RW_EVENT(name)					  \
+DEFINE_EVENT(ext2_dio_class, name,					  \
+	TP_PROTO(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter, ssize_t ret), \
+	TP_ARGS(iocb, iter, ret))
+DEFINE_DIO_RW_EVENT(ext2_dio_write_begin);
+DEFINE_DIO_RW_EVENT(ext2_dio_write_end);
+DEFINE_DIO_RW_EVENT(ext2_dio_write_buff_end);
+DEFINE_DIO_RW_EVENT(ext2_dio_read_begin);
+DEFINE_DIO_RW_EVENT(ext2_dio_read_end);
+
+TRACE_EVENT(ext2_dio_write_endio,
+	TP_PROTO(struct kiocb *iocb, ssize_t size, int ret),
+	TP_ARGS(iocb, size, ret),
+	TP_STRUCT__entry(
+		__field(dev_t,	dev)
+		__field(u64,	ino)
+		__field(loff_t, isize)
+		__field(loff_t, pos)
+		__field(ssize_t, size)
+		__field(int,	ki_flags)
+		__field(bool,	aio)
+		__field(int,	ret)
+	),
+	TP_fast_assign(
+		__entry->dev = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp)->i_sb->s_dev;
+		__entry->ino = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp)->i_ino;
+		__entry->isize = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp)->i_size;
+		__entry->pos = iocb->ki_pos;
+		__entry->size = size;
+		__entry->ki_flags = iocb->ki_flags;
+		__entry->aio = !is_sync_kiocb(iocb);
+		__entry->ret = ret;
+	),
+	TP_printk("dev %d:%d ino 0x%llx isize 0x%llx pos 0x%llx len %zd flags %s aio %d ret %d",
+		  MAJOR(__entry->dev), MINOR(__entry->dev),
+		  __entry->ino,
+		  __entry->isize,
+		  __entry->pos,
+		  __entry->size,
+		  __print_flags(__entry->ki_flags, "|", TRACE_IOCB_STRINGS),
+		  __entry->aio,
+		  __entry->ret)
+);
+
+#endif /* _EXT2_TRACE_H */
+
+#undef TRACE_INCLUDE_PATH
+#define TRACE_INCLUDE_PATH .
+#define TRACE_INCLUDE_FILE trace
+#include <trace/define_trace.h>
diff --git a/fs/ext2/xattr.c b/fs/ext2/xattr.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9b68c490a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/xattr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1055 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * linux/fs/ext2/xattr.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2001-2003 Andreas Gruenbacher <agruen@suse.de>
+ *
+ * Fix by Harrison Xing <harrison@mountainviewdata.com>.
+ * Extended attributes for symlinks and special files added per
+ *  suggestion of Luka Renko <luka.renko@hermes.si>.
+ * xattr consolidation Copyright (c) 2004 James Morris <jmorris@redhat.com>,
+ *  Red Hat Inc.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Extended attributes are stored on disk blocks allocated outside of
+ * any inode. The i_file_acl field is then made to point to this allocated
+ * block. If all extended attributes of an inode are identical, these
+ * inodes may share the same extended attribute block. Such situations
+ * are automatically detected by keeping a cache of recent attribute block
+ * numbers and hashes over the block's contents in memory.
+ *
+ *
+ * Extended attribute block layout:
+ *
+ *   +------------------+
+ *   | header           |
+ *   | entry 1          | |
+ *   | entry 2          | | growing downwards
+ *   | entry 3          | v
+ *   | four null bytes  |
+ *   | . . .            |
+ *   | value 1          | ^
+ *   | value 3          | | growing upwards
+ *   | value 2          | |
+ *   +------------------+
+ *
+ * The block header is followed by multiple entry descriptors. These entry
+ * descriptors are variable in size, and aligned to EXT2_XATTR_PAD
+ * byte boundaries. The entry descriptors are sorted by attribute name,
+ * so that two extended attribute blocks can be compared efficiently.
+ *
+ * Attribute values are aligned to the end of the block, stored in
+ * no specific order. They are also padded to EXT2_XATTR_PAD byte
+ * boundaries. No additional gaps are left between them.
+ *
+ * Locking strategy
+ * ----------------
+ * EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl is protected by EXT2_I(inode)->xattr_sem.
+ * EA blocks are only changed if they are exclusive to an inode, so
+ * holding xattr_sem also means that nothing but the EA block's reference
+ * count will change. Multiple writers to an EA block are synchronized
+ * by the bh lock. No more than a single bh lock is held at any time
+ * to avoid deadlocks.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/printk.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/mbcache.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include <linux/rwsem.h>
+#include <linux/security.h>
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+
+#define HDR(bh) ((struct ext2_xattr_header *)((bh)->b_data))
+#define ENTRY(ptr) ((struct ext2_xattr_entry *)(ptr))
+#define FIRST_ENTRY(bh) ENTRY(HDR(bh)+1)
+#define IS_LAST_ENTRY(entry) (*(__u32 *)(entry) == 0)
+
+#ifdef EXT2_XATTR_DEBUG
+# define ea_idebug(inode, f...) do { \
+		printk(KERN_DEBUG "inode %s:%llu: ", \
+			inode->i_sb->s_id, inode->i_ino); \
+		printk(f); \
+		printk("\n"); \
+	} while (0)
+# define ea_bdebug(bh, f...) do { \
+		printk(KERN_DEBUG "block %pg:%lu: ", \
+			bh->b_bdev, (unsigned long) bh->b_blocknr); \
+		printk(f); \
+		printk("\n"); \
+	} while (0)
+#else
+# define ea_idebug(inode, f...)	no_printk(f)
+# define ea_bdebug(bh, f...)	no_printk(f)
+#endif
+
+static int ext2_xattr_set2(struct inode *, struct buffer_head *,
+			   struct ext2_xattr_header *);
+
+static int ext2_xattr_cache_insert(struct mb_cache *, struct buffer_head *);
+static struct buffer_head *ext2_xattr_cache_find(struct inode *,
+						 struct ext2_xattr_header *);
+static void ext2_xattr_rehash(struct ext2_xattr_header *,
+			      struct ext2_xattr_entry *);
+
+static const struct xattr_handler * const ext2_xattr_handler_map[] = {
+	[EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_USER]		     = &ext2_xattr_user_handler,
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_POSIX_ACL
+	[EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_POSIX_ACL_ACCESS]  = &nop_posix_acl_access,
+	[EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_POSIX_ACL_DEFAULT] = &nop_posix_acl_default,
+#endif
+	[EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_TRUSTED]	     = &ext2_xattr_trusted_handler,
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_SECURITY
+	[EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_SECURITY]	     = &ext2_xattr_security_handler,
+#endif
+};
+
+const struct xattr_handler * const ext2_xattr_handlers[] = {
+	&ext2_xattr_user_handler,
+	&ext2_xattr_trusted_handler,
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_SECURITY
+	&ext2_xattr_security_handler,
+#endif
+	NULL
+};
+
+#define EA_BLOCK_CACHE(inode)	(EXT2_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_ea_block_cache)
+
+static inline const char *ext2_xattr_prefix(int name_index,
+					    struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	const struct xattr_handler *handler = NULL;
+
+	if (name_index > 0 && name_index < ARRAY_SIZE(ext2_xattr_handler_map))
+		handler = ext2_xattr_handler_map[name_index];
+
+	if (!xattr_handler_can_list(handler, dentry))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return xattr_prefix(handler);
+}
+
+static bool
+ext2_xattr_header_valid(struct ext2_xattr_header *header)
+{
+	if (header->h_magic != cpu_to_le32(EXT2_XATTR_MAGIC) ||
+	    header->h_blocks != cpu_to_le32(1))
+		return false;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+static bool
+ext2_xattr_entry_valid(struct ext2_xattr_entry *entry,
+		       char *end, size_t end_offs)
+{
+	struct ext2_xattr_entry *next;
+	size_t size;
+
+	next = EXT2_XATTR_NEXT(entry);
+	if ((char *)next >= end)
+		return false;
+
+	if (entry->e_value_block != 0)
+		return false;
+
+	size = le32_to_cpu(entry->e_value_size);
+	if (size > end_offs ||
+	    le16_to_cpu(entry->e_value_offs) + size > end_offs)
+		return false;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+static int
+ext2_xattr_cmp_entry(int name_index, size_t name_len, const char *name,
+		     struct ext2_xattr_entry *entry)
+{
+	int cmp;
+
+	cmp = name_index - entry->e_name_index;
+	if (!cmp)
+		cmp = name_len - entry->e_name_len;
+	if (!cmp)
+		cmp = memcmp(name, entry->e_name, name_len);
+
+	return cmp;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ext2_xattr_get()
+ *
+ * Copy an extended attribute into the buffer
+ * provided, or compute the buffer size required.
+ * Buffer is NULL to compute the size of the buffer required.
+ *
+ * Returns a negative error number on failure, or the number of bytes
+ * used / required on success.
+ */
+int
+ext2_xattr_get(struct inode *inode, int name_index, const char *name,
+	       void *buffer, size_t buffer_size)
+{
+	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
+	struct ext2_xattr_entry *entry;
+	size_t name_len, size;
+	char *end;
+	int error, not_found;
+	struct mb_cache *ea_block_cache = EA_BLOCK_CACHE(inode);
+
+	ea_idebug(inode, "name=%d.%s, buffer=%p, buffer_size=%ld",
+		  name_index, name, buffer, (long)buffer_size);
+
+	if (name == NULL)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	name_len = strlen(name);
+	if (name_len > 255)
+		return -ERANGE;
+
+	down_read(&EXT2_I(inode)->xattr_sem);
+	error = -ENODATA;
+	if (!EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl)
+		goto cleanup;
+	ea_idebug(inode, "reading block %d", EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl);
+	bh = sb_bread(inode->i_sb, EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl);
+	error = -EIO;
+	if (!bh)
+		goto cleanup;
+	ea_bdebug(bh, "b_count=%d, refcount=%d",
+		atomic_read(&(bh->b_count)), le32_to_cpu(HDR(bh)->h_refcount));
+	end = bh->b_data + bh->b_size;
+	if (!ext2_xattr_header_valid(HDR(bh))) {
+bad_block:
+		ext2_error(inode->i_sb, "ext2_xattr_get",
+			"inode %llu: bad block %d", inode->i_ino,
+			EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl);
+		error = -EIO;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	/* find named attribute */
+	entry = FIRST_ENTRY(bh);
+	while (!IS_LAST_ENTRY(entry)) {
+		if (!ext2_xattr_entry_valid(entry, end,
+		    inode->i_sb->s_blocksize))
+			goto bad_block;
+
+		not_found = ext2_xattr_cmp_entry(name_index, name_len, name,
+						 entry);
+		if (!not_found)
+			goto found;
+		if (not_found < 0)
+			break;
+
+		entry = EXT2_XATTR_NEXT(entry);
+	}
+	if (ext2_xattr_cache_insert(ea_block_cache, bh))
+		ea_idebug(inode, "cache insert failed");
+	error = -ENODATA;
+	goto cleanup;
+found:
+	size = le32_to_cpu(entry->e_value_size);
+	if (ext2_xattr_cache_insert(ea_block_cache, bh))
+		ea_idebug(inode, "cache insert failed");
+	if (buffer) {
+		error = -ERANGE;
+		if (size > buffer_size)
+			goto cleanup;
+		/* return value of attribute */
+		memcpy(buffer, bh->b_data + le16_to_cpu(entry->e_value_offs),
+			size);
+	}
+	error = size;
+
+cleanup:
+	brelse(bh);
+	up_read(&EXT2_I(inode)->xattr_sem);
+
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ext2_xattr_list()
+ *
+ * Copy a list of attribute names into the buffer
+ * provided, or compute the buffer size required.
+ * Buffer is NULL to compute the size of the buffer required.
+ *
+ * Returns a negative error number on failure, or the number of bytes
+ * used / required on success.
+ */
+static int
+ext2_xattr_list(struct dentry *dentry, char *buffer, size_t buffer_size)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
+	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
+	struct ext2_xattr_entry *entry;
+	char *end;
+	size_t rest = buffer_size;
+	int error;
+	struct mb_cache *ea_block_cache = EA_BLOCK_CACHE(inode);
+
+	ea_idebug(inode, "buffer=%p, buffer_size=%ld",
+		  buffer, (long)buffer_size);
+
+	down_read(&EXT2_I(inode)->xattr_sem);
+	error = 0;
+	if (!EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl)
+		goto cleanup;
+	ea_idebug(inode, "reading block %d", EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl);
+	bh = sb_bread(inode->i_sb, EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl);
+	error = -EIO;
+	if (!bh)
+		goto cleanup;
+	ea_bdebug(bh, "b_count=%d, refcount=%d",
+		atomic_read(&(bh->b_count)), le32_to_cpu(HDR(bh)->h_refcount));
+	end = bh->b_data + bh->b_size;
+	if (!ext2_xattr_header_valid(HDR(bh))) {
+bad_block:
+		ext2_error(inode->i_sb, "ext2_xattr_list",
+			"inode %llu: bad block %d", inode->i_ino,
+			EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl);
+		error = -EIO;
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	/* check the on-disk data structure */
+	entry = FIRST_ENTRY(bh);
+	while (!IS_LAST_ENTRY(entry)) {
+		if (!ext2_xattr_entry_valid(entry, end,
+		    inode->i_sb->s_blocksize))
+			goto bad_block;
+		entry = EXT2_XATTR_NEXT(entry);
+	}
+	if (ext2_xattr_cache_insert(ea_block_cache, bh))
+		ea_idebug(inode, "cache insert failed");
+
+	/* list the attribute names */
+	for (entry = FIRST_ENTRY(bh); !IS_LAST_ENTRY(entry);
+	     entry = EXT2_XATTR_NEXT(entry)) {
+		const char *prefix;
+
+		prefix = ext2_xattr_prefix(entry->e_name_index, dentry);
+		if (prefix) {
+			size_t prefix_len = strlen(prefix);
+			size_t size = prefix_len + entry->e_name_len + 1;
+
+			if (buffer) {
+				if (size > rest) {
+					error = -ERANGE;
+					goto cleanup;
+				}
+				memcpy(buffer, prefix, prefix_len);
+				buffer += prefix_len;
+				memcpy(buffer, entry->e_name, entry->e_name_len);
+				buffer += entry->e_name_len;
+				*buffer++ = 0;
+			}
+			rest -= size;
+		}
+	}
+	error = buffer_size - rest;  /* total size */
+
+cleanup:
+	brelse(bh);
+	up_read(&EXT2_I(inode)->xattr_sem);
+
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Inode operation listxattr()
+ *
+ * d_inode(dentry)->i_mutex: don't care
+ */
+ssize_t
+ext2_listxattr(struct dentry *dentry, char *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+	return ext2_xattr_list(dentry, buffer, size);
+}
+
+/*
+ * If the EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_EXT_ATTR feature of this file system is
+ * not set, set it.
+ */
+static void ext2_xattr_update_super_block(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	if (EXT2_HAS_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_EXT_ATTR))
+		return;
+
+	spin_lock(&EXT2_SB(sb)->s_lock);
+	ext2_update_dynamic_rev(sb);
+	EXT2_SET_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT2_FEATURE_COMPAT_EXT_ATTR);
+	spin_unlock(&EXT2_SB(sb)->s_lock);
+	mark_buffer_dirty(EXT2_SB(sb)->s_sbh);
+}
+
+/*
+ * ext2_xattr_set()
+ *
+ * Create, replace or remove an extended attribute for this inode.  Value
+ * is NULL to remove an existing extended attribute, and non-NULL to
+ * either replace an existing extended attribute, or create a new extended
+ * attribute. The flags XATTR_REPLACE and XATTR_CREATE
+ * specify that an extended attribute must exist and must not exist
+ * previous to the call, respectively.
+ *
+ * Returns 0, or a negative error number on failure.
+ */
+int
+ext2_xattr_set(struct inode *inode, int name_index, const char *name,
+	       const void *value, size_t value_len, int flags)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
+	struct ext2_xattr_header *header = NULL;
+	struct ext2_xattr_entry *here = NULL, *last = NULL;
+	size_t name_len, free, min_offs = sb->s_blocksize;
+	int not_found = 1, error;
+	char *end;
+	
+	/*
+	 * header -- Points either into bh, or to a temporarily
+	 *           allocated buffer.
+	 * here -- The named entry found, or the place for inserting, within
+	 *         the block pointed to by header.
+	 * last -- Points right after the last named entry within the block
+	 *         pointed to by header.
+	 * min_offs -- The offset of the first value (values are aligned
+	 *             towards the end of the block).
+	 * end -- Points right after the block pointed to by header.
+	 */
+	
+	ea_idebug(inode, "name=%d.%s, value=%p, value_len=%ld",
+		  name_index, name, value, (long)value_len);
+
+	if (value == NULL)
+		value_len = 0;
+	if (name == NULL)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	name_len = strlen(name);
+	if (name_len > 255 || value_len > sb->s_blocksize)
+		return -ERANGE;
+	error = dquot_initialize(inode);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+	down_write(&EXT2_I(inode)->xattr_sem);
+	if (EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl) {
+		/* The inode already has an extended attribute block. */
+		bh = sb_bread(sb, EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl);
+		error = -EIO;
+		if (!bh)
+			goto cleanup;
+		ea_bdebug(bh, "b_count=%d, refcount=%d",
+			atomic_read(&(bh->b_count)),
+			le32_to_cpu(HDR(bh)->h_refcount));
+		header = HDR(bh);
+		end = bh->b_data + bh->b_size;
+		if (!ext2_xattr_header_valid(header)) {
+bad_block:
+			ext2_error(sb, "ext2_xattr_set",
+				"inode %llu: bad block %d", inode->i_ino,
+				   EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl);
+			error = -EIO;
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Find the named attribute. If not found, 'here' will point
+		 * to entry where the new attribute should be inserted to
+		 * maintain sorting.
+		 */
+		last = FIRST_ENTRY(bh);
+		while (!IS_LAST_ENTRY(last)) {
+			if (!ext2_xattr_entry_valid(last, end, sb->s_blocksize))
+				goto bad_block;
+			if (last->e_value_size) {
+				size_t offs = le16_to_cpu(last->e_value_offs);
+				if (offs < min_offs)
+					min_offs = offs;
+			}
+			if (not_found > 0) {
+				not_found = ext2_xattr_cmp_entry(name_index,
+								 name_len,
+								 name, last);
+				if (not_found <= 0)
+					here = last;
+			}
+			last = EXT2_XATTR_NEXT(last);
+		}
+		if (not_found > 0)
+			here = last;
+
+		/* Check whether we have enough space left. */
+		free = min_offs - ((char*)last - (char*)header) - sizeof(__u32);
+	} else {
+		/* We will use a new extended attribute block. */
+		free = sb->s_blocksize -
+			sizeof(struct ext2_xattr_header) - sizeof(__u32);
+	}
+
+	if (not_found) {
+		/* Request to remove a nonexistent attribute? */
+		error = -ENODATA;
+		if (flags & XATTR_REPLACE)
+			goto cleanup;
+		error = 0;
+		if (value == NULL)
+			goto cleanup;
+	} else {
+		/* Request to create an existing attribute? */
+		error = -EEXIST;
+		if (flags & XATTR_CREATE)
+			goto cleanup;
+		free += EXT2_XATTR_SIZE(le32_to_cpu(here->e_value_size));
+		free += EXT2_XATTR_LEN(name_len);
+	}
+	error = -ENOSPC;
+	if (free < EXT2_XATTR_LEN(name_len) + EXT2_XATTR_SIZE(value_len))
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	/* Here we know that we can set the new attribute. */
+
+	if (header) {
+		int offset;
+
+		lock_buffer(bh);
+		if (header->h_refcount == cpu_to_le32(1)) {
+			__u32 hash = le32_to_cpu(header->h_hash);
+			struct mb_cache_entry *oe;
+
+			oe = mb_cache_entry_delete_or_get(EA_BLOCK_CACHE(inode),
+					hash, bh->b_blocknr);
+			if (!oe) {
+				ea_bdebug(bh, "modifying in-place");
+				goto update_block;
+			}
+			/*
+			 * Someone is trying to reuse the block, leave it alone
+			 */
+			mb_cache_entry_put(EA_BLOCK_CACHE(inode), oe);
+		}
+		unlock_buffer(bh);
+		ea_bdebug(bh, "cloning");
+		header = kmemdup(HDR(bh), bh->b_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+		error = -ENOMEM;
+		if (header == NULL)
+			goto cleanup;
+		header->h_refcount = cpu_to_le32(1);
+
+		offset = (char *)here - bh->b_data;
+		here = ENTRY((char *)header + offset);
+		offset = (char *)last - bh->b_data;
+		last = ENTRY((char *)header + offset);
+	} else {
+		/* Allocate a buffer where we construct the new block. */
+		header = kzalloc(sb->s_blocksize, GFP_KERNEL);
+		error = -ENOMEM;
+		if (header == NULL)
+			goto cleanup;
+		header->h_magic = cpu_to_le32(EXT2_XATTR_MAGIC);
+		header->h_blocks = header->h_refcount = cpu_to_le32(1);
+		last = here = ENTRY(header+1);
+	}
+
+update_block:
+	/* Iff we are modifying the block in-place, bh is locked here. */
+
+	if (not_found) {
+		/* Insert the new name. */
+		size_t size = EXT2_XATTR_LEN(name_len);
+		size_t rest = (char *)last - (char *)here;
+		memmove((char *)here + size, here, rest);
+		memset(here, 0, size);
+		here->e_name_index = name_index;
+		here->e_name_len = name_len;
+		memcpy(here->e_name, name, name_len);
+	} else {
+		if (here->e_value_size) {
+			char *first_val = (char *)header + min_offs;
+			size_t offs = le16_to_cpu(here->e_value_offs);
+			char *val = (char *)header + offs;
+			size_t size = EXT2_XATTR_SIZE(
+				le32_to_cpu(here->e_value_size));
+
+			if (size == EXT2_XATTR_SIZE(value_len)) {
+				/* The old and the new value have the same
+				   size. Just replace. */
+				here->e_value_size = cpu_to_le32(value_len);
+				memset(val + size - EXT2_XATTR_PAD, 0,
+				       EXT2_XATTR_PAD); /* Clear pad bytes. */
+				memcpy(val, value, value_len);
+				goto skip_replace;
+			}
+
+			/* Remove the old value. */
+			memmove(first_val + size, first_val, val - first_val);
+			memset(first_val, 0, size);
+			min_offs += size;
+
+			/* Adjust all value offsets. */
+			last = ENTRY(header+1);
+			while (!IS_LAST_ENTRY(last)) {
+				size_t o = le16_to_cpu(last->e_value_offs);
+				if (o < offs)
+					last->e_value_offs =
+						cpu_to_le16(o + size);
+				last = EXT2_XATTR_NEXT(last);
+			}
+
+			here->e_value_offs = 0;
+		}
+		if (value == NULL) {
+			/* Remove the old name. */
+			size_t size = EXT2_XATTR_LEN(name_len);
+			last = ENTRY((char *)last - size);
+			memmove(here, (char*)here + size,
+				(char*)last - (char*)here);
+			memset(last, 0, size);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (value != NULL) {
+		/* Insert the new value. */
+		here->e_value_size = cpu_to_le32(value_len);
+		if (value_len) {
+			size_t size = EXT2_XATTR_SIZE(value_len);
+			char *val = (char *)header + min_offs - size;
+			here->e_value_offs =
+				cpu_to_le16((char *)val - (char *)header);
+			memset(val + size - EXT2_XATTR_PAD, 0,
+			       EXT2_XATTR_PAD); /* Clear the pad bytes. */
+			memcpy(val, value, value_len);
+		}
+	}
+
+skip_replace:
+	if (IS_LAST_ENTRY(ENTRY(header+1))) {
+		/* This block is now empty. */
+		if (bh && header == HDR(bh))
+			unlock_buffer(bh);  /* we were modifying in-place. */
+		error = ext2_xattr_set2(inode, bh, NULL);
+	} else {
+		ext2_xattr_rehash(header, here);
+		if (bh && header == HDR(bh))
+			unlock_buffer(bh);  /* we were modifying in-place. */
+		error = ext2_xattr_set2(inode, bh, header);
+	}
+
+cleanup:
+	if (!(bh && header == HDR(bh)))
+		kfree(header);
+	brelse(bh);
+	up_write(&EXT2_I(inode)->xattr_sem);
+
+	return error;
+}
+
+static void ext2_xattr_release_block(struct inode *inode,
+				     struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+	struct mb_cache *ea_block_cache = EA_BLOCK_CACHE(inode);
+
+retry_ref:
+	lock_buffer(bh);
+	if (HDR(bh)->h_refcount == cpu_to_le32(1)) {
+		__u32 hash = le32_to_cpu(HDR(bh)->h_hash);
+		struct mb_cache_entry *oe;
+
+		/*
+		 * This must happen under buffer lock to properly
+		 * serialize with ext2_xattr_set() reusing the block.
+		 */
+		oe = mb_cache_entry_delete_or_get(ea_block_cache, hash,
+						  bh->b_blocknr);
+		if (oe) {
+			/*
+			 * Someone is trying to reuse the block. Wait
+			 * and retry.
+			 */
+			unlock_buffer(bh);
+			mb_cache_entry_wait_unused(oe);
+			mb_cache_entry_put(ea_block_cache, oe);
+			goto retry_ref;
+		}
+
+		/* Free the old block. */
+		ea_bdebug(bh, "freeing");
+		ext2_free_blocks(inode, bh->b_blocknr, 1);
+		/* We let our caller release bh, so we
+		 * need to duplicate the buffer before. */
+		get_bh(bh);
+		bforget(bh);
+		unlock_buffer(bh);
+	} else {
+		/* Decrement the refcount only. */
+		le32_add_cpu(&HDR(bh)->h_refcount, -1);
+		dquot_free_block(inode, 1);
+		mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
+		unlock_buffer(bh);
+		ea_bdebug(bh, "refcount now=%d",
+			le32_to_cpu(HDR(bh)->h_refcount));
+		if (IS_SYNC(inode))
+			sync_dirty_buffer(bh);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Second half of ext2_xattr_set(): Update the file system.
+ */
+static int
+ext2_xattr_set2(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *old_bh,
+		struct ext2_xattr_header *header)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+	struct buffer_head *new_bh = NULL;
+	int error;
+	struct mb_cache *ea_block_cache = EA_BLOCK_CACHE(inode);
+
+	if (header) {
+		new_bh = ext2_xattr_cache_find(inode, header);
+		if (new_bh) {
+			/* We found an identical block in the cache. */
+			if (new_bh == old_bh) {
+				ea_bdebug(new_bh, "keeping this block");
+			} else {
+				/* The old block is released after updating
+				   the inode.  */
+				ea_bdebug(new_bh, "reusing block");
+
+				error = dquot_alloc_block(inode, 1);
+				if (error) {
+					unlock_buffer(new_bh);
+					goto cleanup;
+				}
+				le32_add_cpu(&HDR(new_bh)->h_refcount, 1);
+				ea_bdebug(new_bh, "refcount now=%d",
+					le32_to_cpu(HDR(new_bh)->h_refcount));
+			}
+			unlock_buffer(new_bh);
+		} else if (old_bh && header == HDR(old_bh)) {
+			/* Keep this block. No need to lock the block as we
+			   don't need to change the reference count. */
+			new_bh = old_bh;
+			get_bh(new_bh);
+			ext2_xattr_cache_insert(ea_block_cache, new_bh);
+		} else {
+			/* We need to allocate a new block */
+			ext2_fsblk_t goal = ext2_group_first_block_no(sb,
+						EXT2_I(inode)->i_block_group);
+			unsigned long count = 1;
+			ext2_fsblk_t block = ext2_new_blocks(inode, goal,
+						&count, &error,
+						EXT2_ALLOC_NORESERVE);
+			if (error)
+				goto cleanup;
+			ea_idebug(inode, "creating block %lu", block);
+
+			new_bh = sb_getblk(sb, block);
+			if (unlikely(!new_bh)) {
+				ext2_free_blocks(inode, block, 1);
+				mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+				error = -ENOMEM;
+				goto cleanup;
+			}
+			lock_buffer(new_bh);
+			memcpy(new_bh->b_data, header, new_bh->b_size);
+			set_buffer_uptodate(new_bh);
+			unlock_buffer(new_bh);
+			ext2_xattr_cache_insert(ea_block_cache, new_bh);
+			
+			ext2_xattr_update_super_block(sb);
+		}
+		mark_buffer_dirty(new_bh);
+		if (IS_SYNC(inode)) {
+			sync_dirty_buffer(new_bh);
+			error = -EIO;
+			if (buffer_req(new_bh) && !buffer_uptodate(new_bh))
+				goto cleanup;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Update the inode. */
+	EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl = new_bh ? new_bh->b_blocknr : 0;
+	inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+	mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+	if (IS_SYNC(inode)) {
+		error = sync_inode_metadata(inode, 1);
+		/*
+		 * Inode writeout failed. Backing everything out is complex so
+		 * let's just leave it for e2fsck to cleanup the mess.
+		 */
+		if (error)
+			goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	error = 0;
+	if (old_bh && old_bh != new_bh) {
+		/*
+		 * If there was an old block and we are no longer using it,
+		 * release the old block.
+		 */
+		ext2_xattr_release_block(inode, old_bh);
+	}
+
+cleanup:
+	brelse(new_bh);
+
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ext2_xattr_delete_inode()
+ *
+ * Free extended attribute resources associated with this inode. This
+ * is called immediately before an inode is freed.
+ */
+void
+ext2_xattr_delete_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
+	struct ext2_sb_info *sbi = EXT2_SB(inode->i_sb);
+
+	/*
+	 * We are the only ones holding inode reference. The xattr_sem should
+	 * better be unlocked! We could as well just not acquire xattr_sem at
+	 * all but this makes the code more futureproof. OTOH we need trylock
+	 * here to avoid false-positive warning from lockdep about reclaim
+	 * circular dependency.
+	 */
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!down_write_trylock(&EXT2_I(inode)->xattr_sem)))
+		return;
+	if (!EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	if (!ext2_data_block_valid(sbi, EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl, 1)) {
+		ext2_error(inode->i_sb, "ext2_xattr_delete_inode",
+			"inode %llu: xattr block %d is out of data blocks range",
+			inode->i_ino, EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+
+	bh = sb_bread(inode->i_sb, EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl);
+	if (!bh) {
+		ext2_error(inode->i_sb, "ext2_xattr_delete_inode",
+			"inode %llu: block %d read error", inode->i_ino,
+			EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+	ea_bdebug(bh, "b_count=%d", atomic_read(&(bh->b_count)));
+	if (!ext2_xattr_header_valid(HDR(bh))) {
+		ext2_error(inode->i_sb, "ext2_xattr_delete_inode",
+			"inode %llu: bad block %d", inode->i_ino,
+			EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl);
+		goto cleanup;
+	}
+	ext2_xattr_release_block(inode, bh);
+	EXT2_I(inode)->i_file_acl = 0;
+
+cleanup:
+	brelse(bh);
+	up_write(&EXT2_I(inode)->xattr_sem);
+}
+
+/*
+ * ext2_xattr_cache_insert()
+ *
+ * Create a new entry in the extended attribute cache, and insert
+ * it unless such an entry is already in the cache.
+ *
+ * Returns 0, or a negative error number on failure.
+ */
+static int
+ext2_xattr_cache_insert(struct mb_cache *cache, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+	__u32 hash = le32_to_cpu(HDR(bh)->h_hash);
+	int error;
+
+	error = mb_cache_entry_create(cache, GFP_KERNEL, hash, bh->b_blocknr,
+				      true);
+	if (error) {
+		if (error == -EBUSY) {
+			ea_bdebug(bh, "already in cache");
+			error = 0;
+		}
+	} else
+		ea_bdebug(bh, "inserting [%x]", (int)hash);
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ext2_xattr_cmp()
+ *
+ * Compare two extended attribute blocks for equality.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 if the blocks are equal, 1 if they differ, and
+ * a negative error number on errors.
+ */
+static int
+ext2_xattr_cmp(struct ext2_xattr_header *header1,
+	       struct ext2_xattr_header *header2)
+{
+	struct ext2_xattr_entry *entry1, *entry2;
+
+	entry1 = ENTRY(header1+1);
+	entry2 = ENTRY(header2+1);
+	while (!IS_LAST_ENTRY(entry1)) {
+		if (IS_LAST_ENTRY(entry2))
+			return 1;
+		if (entry1->e_hash != entry2->e_hash ||
+		    entry1->e_name_index != entry2->e_name_index ||
+		    entry1->e_name_len != entry2->e_name_len ||
+		    entry1->e_value_size != entry2->e_value_size ||
+		    memcmp(entry1->e_name, entry2->e_name, entry1->e_name_len))
+			return 1;
+		if (entry1->e_value_block != 0 || entry2->e_value_block != 0)
+			return -EIO;
+		if (memcmp((char *)header1 + le16_to_cpu(entry1->e_value_offs),
+			   (char *)header2 + le16_to_cpu(entry2->e_value_offs),
+			   le32_to_cpu(entry1->e_value_size)))
+			return 1;
+
+		entry1 = EXT2_XATTR_NEXT(entry1);
+		entry2 = EXT2_XATTR_NEXT(entry2);
+	}
+	if (!IS_LAST_ENTRY(entry2))
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * ext2_xattr_cache_find()
+ *
+ * Find an identical extended attribute block.
+ *
+ * Returns a locked buffer head to the block found, or NULL if such
+ * a block was not found or an error occurred.
+ */
+static struct buffer_head *
+ext2_xattr_cache_find(struct inode *inode, struct ext2_xattr_header *header)
+{
+	__u32 hash = le32_to_cpu(header->h_hash);
+	struct mb_cache_entry *ce;
+	struct mb_cache *ea_block_cache = EA_BLOCK_CACHE(inode);
+
+	if (!header->h_hash)
+		return NULL;  /* never share */
+	ea_idebug(inode, "looking for cached blocks [%x]", (int)hash);
+
+	ce = mb_cache_entry_find_first(ea_block_cache, hash);
+	while (ce) {
+		struct buffer_head *bh;
+
+		bh = sb_bread(inode->i_sb, ce->e_value);
+		if (!bh) {
+			ext2_error(inode->i_sb, "ext2_xattr_cache_find",
+				"inode %llu: block %ld read error",
+				inode->i_ino, (unsigned long) ce->e_value);
+		} else {
+			lock_buffer(bh);
+			if (le32_to_cpu(HDR(bh)->h_refcount) >
+			    EXT2_XATTR_REFCOUNT_MAX) {
+				ea_idebug(inode, "block %ld refcount %d>%d",
+					  (unsigned long) ce->e_value,
+					  le32_to_cpu(HDR(bh)->h_refcount),
+					  EXT2_XATTR_REFCOUNT_MAX);
+			} else if (!ext2_xattr_cmp(header, HDR(bh))) {
+				ea_bdebug(bh, "b_count=%d",
+					  atomic_read(&(bh->b_count)));
+				mb_cache_entry_touch(ea_block_cache, ce);
+				mb_cache_entry_put(ea_block_cache, ce);
+				return bh;
+			}
+			unlock_buffer(bh);
+			brelse(bh);
+		}
+		ce = mb_cache_entry_find_next(ea_block_cache, ce);
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+#define NAME_HASH_SHIFT 5
+#define VALUE_HASH_SHIFT 16
+
+/*
+ * ext2_xattr_hash_entry()
+ *
+ * Compute the hash of an extended attribute.
+ */
+static inline void ext2_xattr_hash_entry(struct ext2_xattr_header *header,
+					 struct ext2_xattr_entry *entry)
+{
+	__u32 hash = 0;
+	char *name = entry->e_name;
+	int n;
+
+	for (n=0; n < entry->e_name_len; n++) {
+		hash = (hash << NAME_HASH_SHIFT) ^
+		       (hash >> (8*sizeof(hash) - NAME_HASH_SHIFT)) ^
+		       *name++;
+	}
+
+	if (entry->e_value_block == 0 && entry->e_value_size != 0) {
+		__le32 *value = (__le32 *)((char *)header +
+			le16_to_cpu(entry->e_value_offs));
+		for (n = (le32_to_cpu(entry->e_value_size) +
+		     EXT2_XATTR_ROUND) >> EXT2_XATTR_PAD_BITS; n; n--) {
+			hash = (hash << VALUE_HASH_SHIFT) ^
+			       (hash >> (8*sizeof(hash) - VALUE_HASH_SHIFT)) ^
+			       le32_to_cpu(*value++);
+		}
+	}
+	entry->e_hash = cpu_to_le32(hash);
+}
+
+#undef NAME_HASH_SHIFT
+#undef VALUE_HASH_SHIFT
+
+#define BLOCK_HASH_SHIFT 16
+
+/*
+ * ext2_xattr_rehash()
+ *
+ * Re-compute the extended attribute hash value after an entry has changed.
+ */
+static void ext2_xattr_rehash(struct ext2_xattr_header *header,
+			      struct ext2_xattr_entry *entry)
+{
+	struct ext2_xattr_entry *here;
+	__u32 hash = 0;
+	
+	ext2_xattr_hash_entry(header, entry);
+	here = ENTRY(header+1);
+	while (!IS_LAST_ENTRY(here)) {
+		if (!here->e_hash) {
+			/* Block is not shared if an entry's hash value == 0 */
+			hash = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+		hash = (hash << BLOCK_HASH_SHIFT) ^
+		       (hash >> (8*sizeof(hash) - BLOCK_HASH_SHIFT)) ^
+		       le32_to_cpu(here->e_hash);
+		here = EXT2_XATTR_NEXT(here);
+	}
+	header->h_hash = cpu_to_le32(hash);
+}
+
+#undef BLOCK_HASH_SHIFT
+
+#define HASH_BUCKET_BITS 10
+
+struct mb_cache *ext2_xattr_create_cache(void)
+{
+	return mb_cache_create(HASH_BUCKET_BITS);
+}
+
+void ext2_xattr_destroy_cache(struct mb_cache *cache)
+{
+	if (cache)
+		mb_cache_destroy(cache);
+}
diff --git a/fs/ext2/xattr.h b/fs/ext2/xattr.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6a4966949
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/xattr.h
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+/*
+  File: linux/ext2_xattr.h
+
+  On-disk format of extended attributes for the ext2 filesystem.
+
+  (C) 2001 Andreas Gruenbacher, <a.gruenbacher@computer.org>
+*/
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+
+/* Magic value in attribute blocks */
+#define EXT2_XATTR_MAGIC		0xEA020000
+
+/* Maximum number of references to one attribute block */
+#define EXT2_XATTR_REFCOUNT_MAX		1024
+
+/* Name indexes */
+#define EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_USER			1
+#define EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_POSIX_ACL_ACCESS	2
+#define EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_POSIX_ACL_DEFAULT	3
+#define EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_TRUSTED		4
+#define	EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_LUSTRE			5
+#define EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_SECURITY	        6
+
+struct ext2_xattr_header {
+	__le32	h_magic;	/* magic number for identification */
+	__le32	h_refcount;	/* reference count */
+	__le32	h_blocks;	/* number of disk blocks used */
+	__le32	h_hash;		/* hash value of all attributes */
+	__u32	h_reserved[4];	/* zero right now */
+};
+
+struct ext2_xattr_entry {
+	__u8	e_name_len;	/* length of name */
+	__u8	e_name_index;	/* attribute name index */
+	__le16	e_value_offs;	/* offset in disk block of value */
+	__le32	e_value_block;	/* disk block attribute is stored on (n/i) */
+	__le32	e_value_size;	/* size of attribute value */
+	__le32	e_hash;		/* hash value of name and value */
+	char	e_name[];	/* attribute name */
+};
+
+#define EXT2_XATTR_PAD_BITS		2
+#define EXT2_XATTR_PAD		(1<<EXT2_XATTR_PAD_BITS)
+#define EXT2_XATTR_ROUND		(EXT2_XATTR_PAD-1)
+#define EXT2_XATTR_LEN(name_len) \
+	(((name_len) + EXT2_XATTR_ROUND + \
+	sizeof(struct ext2_xattr_entry)) & ~EXT2_XATTR_ROUND)
+#define EXT2_XATTR_NEXT(entry) \
+	( (struct ext2_xattr_entry *)( \
+	  (char *)(entry) + EXT2_XATTR_LEN((entry)->e_name_len)) )
+#define EXT2_XATTR_SIZE(size) \
+	(((size) + EXT2_XATTR_ROUND) & ~EXT2_XATTR_ROUND)
+
+struct mb_cache;
+
+# ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_XATTR
+
+extern const struct xattr_handler ext2_xattr_user_handler;
+extern const struct xattr_handler ext2_xattr_trusted_handler;
+extern const struct xattr_handler ext2_xattr_security_handler;
+
+extern ssize_t ext2_listxattr(struct dentry *, char *, size_t);
+
+extern int ext2_xattr_get(struct inode *, int, const char *, void *, size_t);
+extern int ext2_xattr_set(struct inode *, int, const char *, const void *, size_t, int);
+
+extern void ext2_xattr_delete_inode(struct inode *);
+
+extern struct mb_cache *ext2_xattr_create_cache(void);
+extern void ext2_xattr_destroy_cache(struct mb_cache *cache);
+
+extern const struct xattr_handler * const ext2_xattr_handlers[];
+
+# else  /* CONFIG_EXT2_FS_XATTR */
+
+static inline int
+ext2_xattr_get(struct inode *inode, int name_index,
+	       const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+	return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+}
+
+static inline int
+ext2_xattr_set(struct inode *inode, int name_index, const char *name,
+	       const void *value, size_t size, int flags)
+{
+	return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+}
+
+static inline void
+ext2_xattr_delete_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+}
+
+static inline void ext2_xattr_destroy_cache(struct mb_cache *cache)
+{
+}
+
+#define ext2_xattr_handlers NULL
+#define ext2_listxattr NULL
+
+# endif  /* CONFIG_EXT2_FS_XATTR */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_EXT2_FS_SECURITY
+extern int ext2_init_security(struct inode *inode, struct inode *dir,
+			      const struct qstr *qstr);
+#else
+static inline int ext2_init_security(struct inode *inode, struct inode *dir,
+				     const struct qstr *qstr)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/fs/ext2/xattr_security.c b/fs/ext2/xattr_security.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..db47b8ab1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/xattr_security.c
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * linux/fs/ext2/xattr_security.c
+ * Handler for storing security labels as extended attributes.
+ */
+
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include <linux/security.h>
+#include "xattr.h"
+
+static int
+ext2_xattr_security_get(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
+			struct dentry *unused, struct inode *inode,
+			const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+	return ext2_xattr_get(inode, EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_SECURITY, name,
+			      buffer, size);
+}
+
+static int
+ext2_xattr_security_set(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
+			struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
+			struct dentry *unused, struct inode *inode,
+			const char *name, const void *value,
+			size_t size, int flags)
+{
+	return ext2_xattr_set(inode, EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_SECURITY, name,
+			      value, size, flags);
+}
+
+static int ext2_initxattrs(struct inode *inode, const struct xattr *xattr_array,
+			   void *fs_info)
+{
+	const struct xattr *xattr;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	for (xattr = xattr_array; xattr->name != NULL; xattr++) {
+		err = ext2_xattr_set(inode, EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_SECURITY,
+				     xattr->name, xattr->value,
+				     xattr->value_len, 0);
+		if (err < 0)
+			break;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+int
+ext2_init_security(struct inode *inode, struct inode *dir,
+		   const struct qstr *qstr)
+{
+	return security_inode_init_security(inode, dir, qstr,
+					    &ext2_initxattrs, NULL);
+}
+
+const struct xattr_handler ext2_xattr_security_handler = {
+	.prefix	= XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX,
+	.get	= ext2_xattr_security_get,
+	.set	= ext2_xattr_security_set,
+};
diff --git a/fs/ext2/xattr_trusted.c b/fs/ext2/xattr_trusted.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..995f93122
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/xattr_trusted.c
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * linux/fs/ext2/xattr_trusted.c
+ * Handler for trusted extended attributes.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2003 by Andreas Gruenbacher, <a.gruenbacher@computer.org>
+ */
+
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+
+static bool
+ext2_xattr_trusted_list(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	return capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
+}
+
+static int
+ext2_xattr_trusted_get(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
+		       struct dentry *unused, struct inode *inode,
+		       const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+	return ext2_xattr_get(inode, EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_TRUSTED, name,
+			      buffer, size);
+}
+
+static int
+ext2_xattr_trusted_set(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
+		       struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
+		       struct dentry *unused, struct inode *inode,
+		       const char *name, const void *value,
+		       size_t size, int flags)
+{
+	return ext2_xattr_set(inode, EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_TRUSTED, name,
+			      value, size, flags);
+}
+
+const struct xattr_handler ext2_xattr_trusted_handler = {
+	.prefix	= XATTR_TRUSTED_PREFIX,
+	.list	= ext2_xattr_trusted_list,
+	.get	= ext2_xattr_trusted_get,
+	.set	= ext2_xattr_trusted_set,
+};
diff --git a/fs/ext2/xattr_user.c b/fs/ext2/xattr_user.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dd1507231
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/ext2/xattr_user.c
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * linux/fs/ext2/xattr_user.c
+ * Handler for extended user attributes.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2001 by Andreas Gruenbacher, <a.gruenbacher@computer.org>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include "ext2.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+
+static bool
+ext2_xattr_user_list(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	return test_opt(dentry->d_sb, XATTR_USER);
+}
+
+static int
+ext2_xattr_user_get(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
+		    struct dentry *unused, struct inode *inode,
+		    const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+	if (!test_opt(inode->i_sb, XATTR_USER))
+		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+	return ext2_xattr_get(inode, EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_USER,
+			      name, buffer, size);
+}
+
+static int
+ext2_xattr_user_set(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
+		    struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
+		    struct dentry *unused, struct inode *inode,
+		    const char *name, const void *value,
+		    size_t size, int flags)
+{
+	if (!test_opt(inode->i_sb, XATTR_USER))
+		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+	return ext2_xattr_set(inode, EXT2_XATTR_INDEX_USER,
+			      name, value, size, flags);
+}
+
+const struct xattr_handler ext2_xattr_user_handler = {
+	.prefix	= XATTR_USER_PREFIX,
+	.list	= ext2_xattr_user_list,
+	.get	= ext2_xattr_user_get,
+	.set	= ext2_xattr_user_set,
+};