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authorLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2026-08-19 10:09:22 -0700
committerLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2026-08-19 10:09:22 -0700
commitf4cdf7ca9a1fdcca413157df19753f388a5a224e (patch)
tree60a31895b2446cd7fa27514e8c2843534a0de0da /fs/crypto/hkdf.c
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Merge tag 'media/v7.3-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mchehab/linux-mediagrafted
Pull media updates from Mauro Carvalho Chehab: - v4l2-core: added ISP statistics support and per-block validation - v4l2-core: Allow unknown HDR10 white point and luminance - New camera sensors: Sony IMX678 and IMX471m, Himax HM1092 IR sensor - New codec: Milos: VPU v2.0 codec support - isp driver: gained support for Dreamchip RPPX1 ISP framework - vsp1 driver: gained support for RZ/T2H and RZ/N2H - Novalake driver: gained CVS support for new NVL hardware - dvb-core: fix feed leak on failed DMX_ADD_PID - several driver fixes, cleanups and minor improvements * tag 'media/v7.3-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mchehab/linux-media: (308 commits) media: ipu-bridge: check all DMI entries when overriding sensor rotation media: v4l2-async: avoid deleting unlinked ASC entry on link error media: rzg2l-cru: Align bytesperline to hardware DMA stride requirement media: intel/ipu6: fix async notifier cleanup leak on parse error media: staging/ipu7: fix async notifier UAF on probe error path media: amd: isp4: fix self-deadlock in isp4sd_pwron_and_init() error path media: amd: isp4: release partial allocations in isp4if_alloc_fw_gpumem() media: rcar-isp: Fix VSPX reference leaks media: rcar-isp: Release ISPCORE resources media: i2c: imx415: Release runtime PM reference on VBLANK error media: i2c: imx415: Return test pattern write errors media: renesas: vsp1: Declare index variables in for loop statement media: renesas: vsp1: Make reset control optional to support platforms without a reset line media: dt-bindings: media: renesas,vsp1: Document RZ/T2H and RZ/N2H SoCs media: dt-bindings: media: renesas,fcp: Document RZ/T2H and RZ/N2H SoCs media: nxp: imx8-isi: Add additional 32-bit RGB format support media: nxp: imx8-isi: Add 16-bit raw Bayer format support media: nxp: imx8-isi: Implement per-stream reference counting for multiplexed streams media: nxp: imx8-isi: Use BIT_ULL() for 64-bit stream masks media: nxp: imx8-isi: Correct color map between V4L2 and ISI ...
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diff --git a/fs/crypto/hkdf.c b/fs/crypto/hkdf.c
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+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * Implementation of HKDF ("HMAC-based Extract-and-Expand Key Derivation
+ * Function"), aka RFC 5869. See also the original paper (Krawczyk 2010):
+ * "Cryptographic Extraction and Key Derivation: The HKDF Scheme".
+ *
+ * This is used to derive keys from the fscrypt master keys (or from the
+ * "software secrets" which hardware derives from the fscrypt master keys, in
+ * the case that the fscrypt master keys are hardware-wrapped keys).
+ *
+ * Copyright 2019 Google LLC
+ */
+
+#include "fscrypt_private.h"
+
+/*
+ * HKDF supports any unkeyed cryptographic hash algorithm, but fscrypt uses
+ * SHA-512 because it is well-established, secure, and reasonably efficient.
+ *
+ * HKDF-SHA256 was also considered, as its 256-bit security strength would be
+ * sufficient here. A 512-bit security strength is "nice to have", though.
+ * Also, on 64-bit CPUs, SHA-512 is usually just as fast as SHA-256. In the
+ * common case of deriving an AES-256-XTS key (512 bits), that can result in
+ * HKDF-SHA512 being much faster than HKDF-SHA256, as the longer digest size of
+ * SHA-512 causes HKDF-Expand to only need to do one iteration rather than two.
+ */
+#define HKDF_HASHLEN SHA512_DIGEST_SIZE
+
+/*
+ * HKDF consists of two steps:
+ *
+ * 1. HKDF-Extract: extract a pseudorandom key of length HKDF_HASHLEN bytes from
+ * the input keying material and optional salt.
+ * 2. HKDF-Expand: expand the pseudorandom key into output keying material of
+ * any length, parameterized by an application-specific info string.
+ *
+ * HKDF-Extract can be skipped if the input is already a pseudorandom key of
+ * length HKDF_HASHLEN bytes. However, cipher modes other than AES-256-XTS take
+ * shorter keys, and we don't want to force users of those modes to provide
+ * unnecessarily long master keys. Thus fscrypt still does HKDF-Extract. No
+ * salt is used, since fscrypt master keys should already be pseudorandom and
+ * there's no way to persist a random salt per master key from kernel mode.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Compute HKDF-Extract using 'master_key' as the input keying material, and
+ * prepare the resulting HMAC key in 'hkdf'. Afterwards, 'hkdf' can be used for
+ * HKDF-Expand many times without having to recompute HKDF-Extract each time.
+ */
+void fscrypt_init_hkdf(struct hmac_sha512_key *hkdf, const u8 *master_key,
+ unsigned int master_key_size)
+{
+ static const u8 default_salt[HKDF_HASHLEN];
+ u8 prk[HKDF_HASHLEN];
+
+ hmac_sha512_usingrawkey(default_salt, sizeof(default_salt),
+ master_key, master_key_size, prk);
+ hmac_sha512_preparekey(hkdf, prk, sizeof(prk));
+ memzero_explicit(prk, sizeof(prk));
+}
+
+/*
+ * HKDF-Expand (RFC 5869 section 2.3). Expand the HMAC key 'hkdf' into 'okmlen'
+ * bytes of output keying material parameterized by the application-specific
+ * 'info' of length 'infolen' bytes, prefixed by "fscrypt\0" and the 'context'
+ * byte. This is thread-safe and may be called by multiple threads in parallel.
+ *
+ * ('context' isn't part of the HKDF specification; it's just a prefix fscrypt
+ * adds to its application-specific info strings to guarantee that it doesn't
+ * accidentally repeat an info string when using HKDF for different purposes.)
+ */
+void fscrypt_hkdf_expand(const struct hmac_sha512_key *hkdf, u8 context,
+ const u8 *info, unsigned int infolen,
+ u8 *okm, unsigned int okmlen)
+{
+ struct hmac_sha512_ctx ctx;
+ u8 counter = 1;
+ u8 tmp[HKDF_HASHLEN];
+
+ WARN_ON_ONCE(okmlen > 255 * HKDF_HASHLEN);
+
+ for (unsigned int i = 0; i < okmlen; i += HKDF_HASHLEN) {
+ hmac_sha512_init(&ctx, hkdf);
+ if (i != 0)
+ hmac_sha512_update(&ctx, &okm[i - HKDF_HASHLEN],
+ HKDF_HASHLEN);
+ hmac_sha512_update(&ctx, "fscrypt\0", 8);
+ hmac_sha512_update(&ctx, &context, 1);
+ hmac_sha512_update(&ctx, info, infolen);
+ hmac_sha512_update(&ctx, &counter, 1);
+ if (okmlen - i < HKDF_HASHLEN) {
+ hmac_sha512_final(&ctx, tmp);
+ memcpy(&okm[i], tmp, okmlen - i);
+ memzero_explicit(tmp, sizeof(tmp));
+ } else {
+ hmac_sha512_final(&ctx, &okm[i]);
+ }
+ counter++;
+ }
+}