x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructionsgrafted

When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function,
a crash can be triggered.

The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues()
function:

<__hrtimer_run_queues+249>:  nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
<__hrtimer_run_queues+254>:  mov    %r14,%rdi
<__hrtimer_run_queues+257>:  cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12>
<__hrtimer_run_queues+263>:  mov    %eax,%r12d
<__hrtimer_run_queues+266>:  xchg   %ax,%ax
<__hrtimer_run_queues+268>:  mov    %r13,%rdi

Which triggers this crash:

  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9
  #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode
  #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page
  PGD 0 P4D 0
  Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI
  CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P
  RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230

Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is
at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL
instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that
call instruction.

The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a
function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation.

During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction,
int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes
long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes,
so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU
returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at
the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally,
starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely
different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash.

Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from
the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return
address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro.

[ mingo: Refined the changelog ]

Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step")
Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jinke Han <jinkehan@didiglobal.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000

1 files changed, 301 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/rtc/rtc-opal.c b/drivers/rtc/rtc-opal.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ad41aaf8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/rtc/rtc-opal.c
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ * IBM OPAL RTC driver
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 IBM
+ */
+
+#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
+
+#define DRVNAME		"rtc-opal"
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/rtc.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/bcd.h>
+#include <linux/platform_device.h>
+#include <linux/of.h>
+#include <asm/opal.h>
+#include <asm/firmware.h>
+
+static void opal_to_tm(u32 y_m_d, u64 h_m_s_ms, struct rtc_time *tm)
+{
+	tm->tm_year = ((bcd2bin(y_m_d >> 24) * 100) +
+		       bcd2bin((y_m_d >> 16) & 0xff)) - 1900;
+	tm->tm_mon  = bcd2bin((y_m_d >> 8) & 0xff) - 1;
+	tm->tm_mday = bcd2bin(y_m_d & 0xff);
+	tm->tm_hour = bcd2bin((h_m_s_ms >> 56) & 0xff);
+	tm->tm_min  = bcd2bin((h_m_s_ms >> 48) & 0xff);
+	tm->tm_sec  = bcd2bin((h_m_s_ms >> 40) & 0xff);
+
+	tm->tm_wday = -1;
+}
+
+static void tm_to_opal(struct rtc_time *tm, u32 *y_m_d, u64 *h_m_s_ms)
+{
+	*y_m_d |= ((u32)bin2bcd((tm->tm_year + 1900) / 100)) << 24;
+	*y_m_d |= ((u32)bin2bcd((tm->tm_year + 1900) % 100)) << 16;
+	*y_m_d |= ((u32)bin2bcd((tm->tm_mon + 1))) << 8;
+	*y_m_d |= ((u32)bin2bcd(tm->tm_mday));
+
+	*h_m_s_ms |= ((u64)bin2bcd(tm->tm_hour)) << 56;
+	*h_m_s_ms |= ((u64)bin2bcd(tm->tm_min)) << 48;
+	*h_m_s_ms |= ((u64)bin2bcd(tm->tm_sec)) << 40;
+}
+
+static int opal_get_rtc_time(struct device *dev, struct rtc_time *tm)
+{
+	s64 rc = OPAL_BUSY;
+	int retries = 10;
+	u32 y_m_d;
+	u64 h_m_s_ms;
+	__be32 __y_m_d;
+	__be64 __h_m_s_ms;
+
+	while (rc == OPAL_BUSY || rc == OPAL_BUSY_EVENT) {
+		rc = opal_rtc_read(&__y_m_d, &__h_m_s_ms);
+		if (rc == OPAL_BUSY_EVENT) {
+			msleep(OPAL_BUSY_DELAY_MS);
+			opal_poll_events(NULL);
+		} else if (rc == OPAL_BUSY) {
+			msleep(OPAL_BUSY_DELAY_MS);
+		} else if (rc == OPAL_HARDWARE || rc == OPAL_INTERNAL_ERROR) {
+			if (retries--) {
+				msleep(10); /* Wait 10ms before retry */
+				rc = OPAL_BUSY; /* go around again */
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (rc != OPAL_SUCCESS)
+		return -EIO;
+
+	y_m_d = be32_to_cpu(__y_m_d);
+	h_m_s_ms = be64_to_cpu(__h_m_s_ms);
+	opal_to_tm(y_m_d, h_m_s_ms, tm);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int opal_set_rtc_time(struct device *dev, struct rtc_time *tm)
+{
+	s64 rc = OPAL_BUSY;
+	int retries = 10;
+	u32 y_m_d = 0;
+	u64 h_m_s_ms = 0;
+
+	tm_to_opal(tm, &y_m_d, &h_m_s_ms);
+
+	while (rc == OPAL_BUSY || rc == OPAL_BUSY_EVENT) {
+		rc = opal_rtc_write(y_m_d, h_m_s_ms);
+		if (rc == OPAL_BUSY_EVENT) {
+			msleep(OPAL_BUSY_DELAY_MS);
+			opal_poll_events(NULL);
+		} else if (rc == OPAL_BUSY) {
+			msleep(OPAL_BUSY_DELAY_MS);
+		} else if (rc == OPAL_HARDWARE || rc == OPAL_INTERNAL_ERROR) {
+			if (retries--) {
+				msleep(10); /* Wait 10ms before retry */
+				rc = OPAL_BUSY; /* go around again */
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return rc == OPAL_SUCCESS ? 0 : -EIO;
+}
+
+/*
+ * TPO	Timed Power-On
+ *
+ * TPO get/set OPAL calls care about the hour and min and to make it consistent
+ * with the rtc utility time conversion functions, we use the 'u64' to store
+ * its value and perform bit shift by 32 before use..
+ */
+static int opal_get_tpo_time(struct device *dev, struct rtc_wkalrm *alarm)
+{
+	__be32 __y_m_d, __h_m;
+	struct opal_msg msg;
+	int rc, token;
+	u64 h_m_s_ms;
+	u32 y_m_d;
+
+	token = opal_async_get_token_interruptible();
+	if (token < 0) {
+		if (token != -ERESTARTSYS)
+			pr_err("Failed to get the async token\n");
+
+		return token;
+	}
+
+	rc = opal_tpo_read(token, &__y_m_d, &__h_m);
+	if (rc != OPAL_ASYNC_COMPLETION) {
+		rc = -EIO;
+		goto exit;
+	}
+
+	rc = opal_async_wait_response(token, &msg);
+	if (rc) {
+		rc = -EIO;
+		goto exit;
+	}
+
+	rc = opal_get_async_rc(msg);
+	if (rc != OPAL_SUCCESS) {
+		rc = -EIO;
+		goto exit;
+	}
+
+	y_m_d = be32_to_cpu(__y_m_d);
+	h_m_s_ms = ((u64)be32_to_cpu(__h_m) << 32);
+
+	/* check if no alarm is set */
+	if (y_m_d == 0 && h_m_s_ms == 0) {
+		pr_debug("No alarm is set\n");
+		rc = -ENOENT;
+		goto exit;
+	} else {
+		pr_debug("Alarm set to %x %llx\n", y_m_d, h_m_s_ms);
+	}
+
+	opal_to_tm(y_m_d, h_m_s_ms, &alarm->time);
+
+exit:
+	opal_async_release_token(token);
+	return rc;
+}
+
+/* Set Timed Power-On */
+static int opal_set_tpo_time(struct device *dev, struct rtc_wkalrm *alarm)
+{
+	u64 h_m_s_ms = 0;
+	struct opal_msg msg;
+	u32 y_m_d = 0;
+	int token, rc;
+
+	/* if alarm is enabled */
+	if (alarm->enabled) {
+		tm_to_opal(&alarm->time, &y_m_d, &h_m_s_ms);
+		pr_debug("Alarm set to %x %llx\n", y_m_d, h_m_s_ms);
+
+	} else {
+		pr_debug("Alarm getting disabled\n");
+	}
+
+	token = opal_async_get_token_interruptible();
+	if (token < 0) {
+		if (token != -ERESTARTSYS)
+			pr_err("Failed to get the async token\n");
+
+		return token;
+	}
+
+	/* TPO, we care about hour and minute */
+	rc = opal_tpo_write(token, y_m_d,
+			    (u32)((h_m_s_ms >> 32) & 0xffff0000));
+	if (rc != OPAL_ASYNC_COMPLETION) {
+		rc = -EIO;
+		goto exit;
+	}
+
+	rc = opal_async_wait_response(token, &msg);
+	if (rc) {
+		rc = -EIO;
+		goto exit;
+	}
+
+	rc = opal_get_async_rc(msg);
+	if (rc != OPAL_SUCCESS)
+		rc = -EIO;
+
+exit:
+	opal_async_release_token(token);
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int opal_tpo_alarm_irq_enable(struct device *dev, unsigned int enabled)
+{
+	struct rtc_wkalrm alarm = { .enabled = 0 };
+
+	/*
+	 * TPO is automatically enabled when opal_set_tpo_time() is called with
+	 * non-zero rtc-time. We only handle disable case which needs to be
+	 * explicitly told to opal.
+	 */
+	return enabled ? 0 : opal_set_tpo_time(dev, &alarm);
+}
+
+static const struct rtc_class_ops opal_rtc_ops = {
+	.read_time	= opal_get_rtc_time,
+	.set_time	= opal_set_rtc_time,
+	.read_alarm	= opal_get_tpo_time,
+	.set_alarm	= opal_set_tpo_time,
+	.alarm_irq_enable = opal_tpo_alarm_irq_enable,
+};
+
+static int opal_rtc_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
+{
+	struct rtc_device *rtc;
+
+	rtc = devm_rtc_allocate_device(&pdev->dev);
+	if (IS_ERR(rtc))
+		return PTR_ERR(rtc);
+
+	if (pdev->dev.of_node &&
+	    (of_property_read_bool(pdev->dev.of_node, "wakeup-source") ||
+	     of_property_read_bool(pdev->dev.of_node, "has-tpo")/* legacy */))
+		device_set_wakeup_capable(&pdev->dev, true);
+	else
+		clear_bit(RTC_FEATURE_ALARM, rtc->features);
+
+	rtc->ops = &opal_rtc_ops;
+	rtc->range_min = RTC_TIMESTAMP_BEGIN_0000;
+	rtc->range_max = RTC_TIMESTAMP_END_9999;
+	clear_bit(RTC_FEATURE_UPDATE_INTERRUPT, rtc->features);
+
+	return devm_rtc_register_device(rtc);
+}
+
+static const struct of_device_id opal_rtc_match[] = {
+	{
+		.compatible	= "ibm,opal-rtc",
+	},
+	{ }
+};
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, opal_rtc_match);
+
+static const struct platform_device_id opal_rtc_driver_ids[] = {
+	{
+		.name		= "opal-rtc",
+	},
+	{ }
+};
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(platform, opal_rtc_driver_ids);
+
+static struct platform_driver opal_rtc_driver = {
+	.probe		= opal_rtc_probe,
+	.id_table	= opal_rtc_driver_ids,
+	.driver		= {
+		.name		= DRVNAME,
+		.of_match_table	= opal_rtc_match,
+	},
+};
+
+static int __init opal_rtc_init(void)
+{
+	if (!firmware_has_feature(FW_FEATURE_OPAL))
+		return -ENODEV;
+
+	return platform_driver_register(&opal_rtc_driver);
+}
+
+static void __exit opal_rtc_exit(void)
+{
+	platform_driver_unregister(&opal_rtc_driver);
+}
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Neelesh Gupta <neelegup@linux.vnet.ibm.com>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("IBM OPAL RTC driver");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+module_init(opal_rtc_init);
+module_exit(opal_rtc_exit);