diff options
| author | Jinke Han <jinkehan@didiglobal.com> | 2026-09-08 15:37:42 +0800 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> | 2026-09-17 09:48:42 +0200 |
| commit | a5f7a5bb3b7f28ba7e4fa246775b29a0e5537255 (patch) | |
| tree | 73fef824f9a846cf935869d0dbc5070ef6e2f741 /drivers/pci/pcie/dpc.c | |
| download | linux-stable-a5f7a5bb3b7f28ba7e4fa246775b29a0e5537255.tar.gz linux-stable-a5f7a5bb3b7f28ba7e4fa246775b29a0e5537255.zip | |
x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructionsgrafted
When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function,
a crash can be triggered.
The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues()
function:
<__hrtimer_run_queues+249>: nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
<__hrtimer_run_queues+254>: mov %r14,%rdi
<__hrtimer_run_queues+257>: cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12>
<__hrtimer_run_queues+263>: mov %eax,%r12d
<__hrtimer_run_queues+266>: xchg %ax,%ax
<__hrtimer_run_queues+268>: mov %r13,%rdi
Which triggers this crash:
BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9
#PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode
#PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page
PGD 0 P4D 0
Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI
CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P
RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230
Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is
at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL
instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that
call instruction.
The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a
function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation.
During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction,
int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes
long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes,
so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU
returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at
the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally,
starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely
different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash.
Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from
the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return
address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro.
[ mingo: Refined the changelog ]
Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step")
Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jinke Han <jinkehan@didiglobal.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000
Diffstat (limited to 'drivers/pci/pcie/dpc.c')
| -rw-r--r-- | drivers/pci/pcie/dpc.c | 536 |
1 files changed, 536 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/drivers/pci/pcie/dpc.c b/drivers/pci/pcie/dpc.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2b779bd1d --- /dev/null +++ b/drivers/pci/pcie/dpc.c @@ -0,0 +1,536 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +/* + * PCI Express Downstream Port Containment services driver + * Author: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com> + * + * Copyright (C) 2016 Intel Corp. + */ + +#define dev_fmt(fmt) "DPC: " fmt + +#include <linux/aer.h> +#include <linux/bitfield.h> +#include <linux/delay.h> +#include <linux/interrupt.h> +#include <linux/init.h> +#include <linux/pci.h> + +#include "portdrv.h" +#include "../pci.h" + +#define PCI_EXP_DPC_CTL_EN_MASK (PCI_EXP_DPC_CTL_EN_FATAL | \ + PCI_EXP_DPC_CTL_EN_NONFATAL) + +static const char * const rp_pio_error_string[] = { + "Configuration Request received UR Completion", /* Bit Position 0 */ + "Configuration Request received CA Completion", /* Bit Position 1 */ + "Configuration Request Completion Timeout", /* Bit Position 2 */ + NULL, + NULL, + NULL, + NULL, + NULL, + "I/O Request received UR Completion", /* Bit Position 8 */ + "I/O Request received CA Completion", /* Bit Position 9 */ + "I/O Request Completion Timeout", /* Bit Position 10 */ + NULL, + NULL, + NULL, + NULL, + NULL, + "Memory Request received UR Completion", /* Bit Position 16 */ + "Memory Request received CA Completion", /* Bit Position 17 */ + "Memory Request Completion Timeout", /* Bit Position 18 */ +}; + +void pci_save_dpc_state(struct pci_dev *dev) +{ + struct pci_cap_saved_state *save_state; + u16 *cap; + + if (!pci_is_pcie(dev)) + return; + + save_state = pci_find_saved_ext_cap(dev, PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_DPC); + if (!save_state) + return; + + cap = (u16 *)&save_state->cap.data[0]; + pci_read_config_word(dev, dev->dpc_cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_CTL, cap); +} + +void pci_restore_dpc_state(struct pci_dev *dev) +{ + struct pci_cap_saved_state *save_state; + u16 *cap; + + if (!pci_is_pcie(dev)) + return; + + save_state = pci_find_saved_ext_cap(dev, PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_DPC); + if (!save_state) + return; + + cap = (u16 *)&save_state->cap.data[0]; + pci_write_config_word(dev, dev->dpc_cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_CTL, *cap); +} + +static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(dpc_completed_waitqueue); + +#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_PCI_PCIE +static bool dpc_completed(struct pci_dev *pdev) +{ + u16 status; + + pci_read_config_word(pdev, pdev->dpc_cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS, &status); + if ((!PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(status)) && (status & PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_TRIGGER)) + return false; + + if (test_bit(PCI_DPC_RECOVERING, &pdev->priv_flags)) + return false; + + return true; +} + +/** + * pci_dpc_recovered - whether DPC triggered and has recovered successfully + * @pdev: PCI device + * + * Return true if DPC was triggered for @pdev and has recovered successfully. + * Wait for recovery if it hasn't completed yet. Called from the PCIe hotplug + * driver to recognize and ignore Link Down/Up events caused by DPC. + */ +bool pci_dpc_recovered(struct pci_dev *pdev) +{ + struct pci_host_bridge *host; + + if (!pdev->dpc_cap) + return false; + + /* + * Synchronization between hotplug and DPC is not supported + * if DPC is owned by firmware and EDR is not enabled. + */ + host = pci_find_host_bridge(pdev->bus); + if (!host->native_dpc && !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PCIE_EDR)) + return false; + + /* + * Need a timeout in case DPC never completes due to failure of + * dpc_wait_rp_inactive(). The spec doesn't mandate a time limit, + * but reports indicate that DPC completes within 4 seconds. + */ + wait_event_timeout(dpc_completed_waitqueue, dpc_completed(pdev), + msecs_to_jiffies(4000)); + + return test_and_clear_bit(PCI_DPC_RECOVERED, &pdev->priv_flags); +} +#endif /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG_PCI_PCIE */ + +static int dpc_wait_rp_inactive(struct pci_dev *pdev) +{ + unsigned long timeout = jiffies + HZ; + u16 cap = pdev->dpc_cap, status; + + pci_read_config_word(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS, &status); + while (status & PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_BUSY && + !time_after(jiffies, timeout)) { + msleep(10); + pci_read_config_word(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS, &status); + } + if (status & PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_BUSY) { + pci_warn(pdev, "root port still busy\n"); + return -EBUSY; + } + return 0; +} + +pci_ers_result_t dpc_reset_link(struct pci_dev *pdev) +{ + pci_ers_result_t ret; + u16 cap; + + set_bit(PCI_DPC_RECOVERING, &pdev->priv_flags); + + /* + * DPC disables the Link automatically in hardware, so it has + * already been reset by the time we get here. + */ + cap = pdev->dpc_cap; + + /* + * Wait until the Link is inactive, then clear DPC Trigger Status + * to allow the Port to leave DPC. + */ + if (!pcie_wait_for_link(pdev, false)) + pci_info(pdev, "Data Link Layer Link Active not cleared in 1000 msec\n"); + + if (pdev->dpc_rp_extensions && dpc_wait_rp_inactive(pdev)) { + clear_bit(PCI_DPC_RECOVERED, &pdev->priv_flags); + ret = PCI_ERS_RESULT_DISCONNECT; + goto out; + } + + pci_write_config_word(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS, + PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_TRIGGER); + + if (pci_bridge_wait_for_secondary_bus(pdev, "DPC")) { + clear_bit(PCI_DPC_RECOVERED, &pdev->priv_flags); + ret = PCI_ERS_RESULT_DISCONNECT; + } else { + set_bit(PCI_DPC_RECOVERED, &pdev->priv_flags); + ret = PCI_ERS_RESULT_RECOVERED; + } +out: + clear_bit(PCI_DPC_RECOVERING, &pdev->priv_flags); + wake_up_all(&dpc_completed_waitqueue); + return ret; +} + +static void dpc_process_rp_pio_error(struct pci_dev *pdev) +{ + u16 cap = pdev->dpc_cap, dpc_status, first_error; + u32 status, mask, sev, syserr, exc, log; + struct pcie_tlp_log tlp_log; + int i; + + pci_read_config_dword(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_PIO_STATUS, &status); + pci_read_config_dword(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_PIO_MASK, &mask); + pci_err(pdev, "rp_pio_status: %#010x, rp_pio_mask: %#010x\n", + status, mask); + + pci_read_config_dword(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_PIO_SEVERITY, &sev); + pci_read_config_dword(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_PIO_SYSERROR, &syserr); + pci_read_config_dword(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_PIO_EXCEPTION, &exc); + pci_err(pdev, "RP PIO severity=%#010x, syserror=%#010x, exception=%#010x\n", + sev, syserr, exc); + + /* Get First Error Pointer */ + pci_read_config_word(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS, &dpc_status); + first_error = FIELD_GET(PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_PIO_FEP, dpc_status); + + for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rp_pio_error_string); i++) { + if ((status & ~mask) & (1 << i)) + pci_err(pdev, "[%2d] %s%s\n", i, rp_pio_error_string[i], + first_error == i ? " (First)" : ""); + } + + if (pdev->dpc_rp_log_size < PCIE_STD_NUM_TLP_HEADERLOG) + goto clear_status; + pcie_read_tlp_log(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_PIO_HEADER_LOG, + cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_PIO_TLPPREFIX_LOG, + dpc_tlp_log_len(pdev), + pdev->subordinate->flit_mode, + &tlp_log); + pcie_print_tlp_log(pdev, &tlp_log, KERN_ERR, dev_fmt("")); + + if (pdev->dpc_rp_log_size < PCIE_STD_NUM_TLP_HEADERLOG + 1) + goto clear_status; + pci_read_config_dword(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_PIO_IMPSPEC_LOG, &log); + pci_err(pdev, "RP PIO ImpSpec Log %#010x\n", log); + + clear_status: + pci_write_config_dword(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_PIO_STATUS, status); +} + +static int dpc_get_aer_uncorrect_severity(struct pci_dev *dev, + struct aer_err_info *info) +{ + int pos = dev->aer_cap; + u32 status, mask, sev; + + pci_read_config_dword(dev, pos + PCI_ERR_UNCOR_STATUS, &status); + pci_read_config_dword(dev, pos + PCI_ERR_UNCOR_MASK, &mask); + status &= ~mask; + if (!status) + return 0; + + pci_read_config_dword(dev, pos + PCI_ERR_UNCOR_SEVER, &sev); + status &= sev; + if (status) + info->severity = AER_FATAL; + else + info->severity = AER_NONFATAL; + + info->level = KERN_ERR; + + info->dev[0] = dev; + info->error_dev_num = 1; + info->ratelimit_print[0] = 1; + + return 1; +} + +void dpc_process_error(struct pci_dev *pdev) +{ + u16 cap = pdev->dpc_cap, status, source, reason, ext_reason; + struct aer_err_info info = {}; + + pci_read_config_word(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS, &status); + + reason = status & PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_TRIGGER_RSN; + + switch (reason) { + case PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_TRIGGER_RSN_UNCOR: + pci_warn(pdev, "containment event, status:%#06x: unmasked uncorrectable error detected\n", + status); + if (dpc_get_aer_uncorrect_severity(pdev, &info) && + aer_get_device_error_info(&info, 0)) { + aer_print_error(&info, 0); + pci_aer_clear_nonfatal_status(pdev); + pci_aer_clear_fatal_status(pdev); + } + break; + case PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_TRIGGER_RSN_NFE: + case PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_TRIGGER_RSN_FE: + pci_read_config_word(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_SOURCE_ID, + &source); + pci_warn(pdev, "containment event, status:%#06x, %s received from %04x:%02x:%02x.%d\n", + status, + (reason == PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_TRIGGER_RSN_FE) ? + "ERR_FATAL" : "ERR_NONFATAL", + pci_domain_nr(pdev->bus), PCI_BUS_NUM(source), + PCI_SLOT(source), PCI_FUNC(source)); + break; + case PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_TRIGGER_RSN_IN_EXT: + ext_reason = status & PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_TRIGGER_RSN_EXT; + pci_warn(pdev, "containment event, status:%#06x: %s detected\n", + status, + (ext_reason == PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_TRIGGER_RSN_RP_PIO) ? + "RP PIO error" : + (ext_reason == PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_TRIGGER_RSN_SW_TRIGGER) ? + "software trigger" : + "reserved error"); + /* show RP PIO error detail information */ + if (ext_reason == PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_TRIGGER_RSN_RP_PIO && + pdev->dpc_rp_extensions) + dpc_process_rp_pio_error(pdev); + break; + } +} + +static void pci_clear_surpdn_errors(struct pci_dev *pdev) +{ + if (pdev->dpc_rp_extensions) + pci_write_config_dword(pdev, pdev->dpc_cap + + PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_PIO_STATUS, ~0); + + /* + * In practice, Surprise Down errors have been observed to also set + * error bits in the Status Register as well as the Fatal Error + * Detected bit in the Device Status Register. + */ + pci_write_config_word(pdev, PCI_STATUS, 0xffff); + + pcie_capability_write_word(pdev, PCI_EXP_DEVSTA, PCI_EXP_DEVSTA_FED); +} + +static void dpc_handle_surprise_removal(struct pci_dev *pdev) +{ + if (!pcie_wait_for_link(pdev, false)) { + pci_info(pdev, "Data Link Layer Link Active not cleared in 1000 msec\n"); + goto out; + } + + if (pdev->dpc_rp_extensions && dpc_wait_rp_inactive(pdev)) + goto out; + + pci_aer_raw_clear_status(pdev); + pci_clear_surpdn_errors(pdev); + + pci_write_config_word(pdev, pdev->dpc_cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS, + PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_TRIGGER); + +out: + clear_bit(PCI_DPC_RECOVERED, &pdev->priv_flags); + wake_up_all(&dpc_completed_waitqueue); +} + +static bool dpc_is_surprise_removal(struct pci_dev *pdev) +{ + u16 status; + + if (!pdev->is_hotplug_bridge) + return false; + + if (pci_read_config_word(pdev, pdev->aer_cap + PCI_ERR_UNCOR_STATUS, + &status)) + return false; + + return status & PCI_ERR_UNC_SURPDN; +} + +static irqreturn_t dpc_handler(int irq, void *context) +{ + struct pci_dev *pdev = context; + + /* + * According to PCIe r6.0 sec 6.7.6, errors are an expected side effect + * of async removal and should be ignored by software. + */ + if (dpc_is_surprise_removal(pdev)) { + dpc_handle_surprise_removal(pdev); + return IRQ_HANDLED; + } + + pci_dev_get(pdev); + dpc_process_error(pdev); + + /* We configure DPC so it only triggers on ERR_FATAL */ + pcie_do_recovery(pdev, pci_channel_io_frozen, dpc_reset_link); + + pci_dev_put(pdev); + return IRQ_HANDLED; +} + +static irqreturn_t dpc_irq(int irq, void *context) +{ + struct pci_dev *pdev = context; + u16 cap = pdev->dpc_cap, status; + + pci_read_config_word(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS, &status); + + if (!(status & PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_INTERRUPT) || PCI_POSSIBLE_ERROR(status)) + return IRQ_NONE; + + pci_write_config_word(pdev, cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS, + PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_INTERRUPT); + if (status & PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_TRIGGER) + return IRQ_WAKE_THREAD; + return IRQ_HANDLED; +} + +void pci_dpc_init(struct pci_dev *pdev) +{ + u16 cap; + + pdev->dpc_cap = pci_find_ext_capability(pdev, PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_DPC); + if (!pdev->dpc_cap) + return; + + pci_read_config_word(pdev, pdev->dpc_cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_CAP, &cap); + if (!(cap & PCI_EXP_DPC_CAP_RP_EXT)) + return; + + pdev->dpc_rp_extensions = true; + + /* Quirks may set dpc_rp_log_size if device or firmware is buggy */ + if (!pdev->dpc_rp_log_size) { + u16 flags; + int ret; + + ret = pcie_capability_read_word(pdev, PCI_EXP_FLAGS, &flags); + if (ret) + return; + + pdev->dpc_rp_log_size = + FIELD_GET(PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_PIO_LOG_SIZE, cap); + if (FIELD_GET(PCI_EXP_FLAGS_FLIT, flags)) + pdev->dpc_rp_log_size += FIELD_GET(PCI_EXP_DPC_RP_PIO_LOG_SIZE4, + cap) << 4; + + if (pdev->dpc_rp_log_size < PCIE_STD_NUM_TLP_HEADERLOG || + pdev->dpc_rp_log_size > PCIE_STD_MAX_TLP_HEADERLOG + 1) { + pci_err(pdev, "RP PIO log size %u is invalid\n", + pdev->dpc_rp_log_size); + pdev->dpc_rp_log_size = 0; + } + } +} + +static void dpc_enable(struct pcie_device *dev) +{ + struct pci_dev *pdev = dev->port; + int dpc = pdev->dpc_cap; + u16 ctl; + + /* + * Clear DPC Interrupt Status so we don't get an interrupt for an + * old event when setting DPC Interrupt Enable. + */ + pci_write_config_word(pdev, dpc + PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS, + PCI_EXP_DPC_STATUS_INTERRUPT); + + pci_read_config_word(pdev, dpc + PCI_EXP_DPC_CTL, &ctl); + ctl &= ~PCI_EXP_DPC_CTL_EN_MASK; + ctl |= PCI_EXP_DPC_CTL_EN_FATAL | PCI_EXP_DPC_CTL_INT_EN; + pci_write_config_word(pdev, dpc + PCI_EXP_DPC_CTL, ctl); +} + +static void dpc_disable(struct pcie_device *dev) +{ + struct pci_dev *pdev = dev->port; + int dpc = pdev->dpc_cap; + u16 ctl; + + /* Disable DPC triggering and DPC interrupts */ + pci_read_config_word(pdev, dpc + PCI_EXP_DPC_CTL, &ctl); + ctl &= ~(PCI_EXP_DPC_CTL_EN_FATAL | PCI_EXP_DPC_CTL_INT_EN); + pci_write_config_word(pdev, dpc + PCI_EXP_DPC_CTL, ctl); +} + +#define FLAG(x, y) (((x) & (y)) ? '+' : '-') +static int dpc_probe(struct pcie_device *dev) +{ + struct pci_dev *pdev = dev->port; + struct device *device = &dev->device; + int status; + u16 cap; + + if (!pcie_aer_is_native(pdev) && !pcie_ports_dpc_native) + return -ENOTSUPP; + + status = devm_request_threaded_irq(device, dev->irq, dpc_irq, + dpc_handler, IRQF_SHARED, + "pcie-dpc", pdev); + if (status) { + pci_warn(pdev, "request IRQ%d failed: %d\n", dev->irq, + status); + return status; + } + + pci_read_config_word(pdev, pdev->dpc_cap + PCI_EXP_DPC_CAP, &cap); + dpc_enable(dev); + + pci_info(pdev, "enabled with IRQ %d\n", dev->irq); + pci_info(pdev, "error containment capabilities: Int Msg #%d, RPExt%c PoisonedTLP%c SwTrigger%c RP PIO Log %d, DL_ActiveErr%c\n", + cap & PCI_EXP_DPC_IRQ, FLAG(cap, PCI_EXP_DPC_CAP_RP_EXT), + FLAG(cap, PCI_EXP_DPC_CAP_POISONED_TLP), + FLAG(cap, PCI_EXP_DPC_CAP_SW_TRIGGER), pdev->dpc_rp_log_size, + FLAG(cap, PCI_EXP_DPC_CAP_DL_ACTIVE)); + + pci_add_ext_cap_save_buffer(pdev, PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_DPC, sizeof(u16)); + return status; +} + +static int dpc_suspend(struct pcie_device *dev) +{ + dpc_disable(dev); + return 0; +} + +static int dpc_resume(struct pcie_device *dev) +{ + dpc_enable(dev); + return 0; +} + +static void dpc_remove(struct pcie_device *dev) +{ + dpc_disable(dev); +} + +static struct pcie_port_service_driver dpcdriver = { + .name = "dpc", + .port_type = PCIE_ANY_PORT, + .service = PCIE_PORT_SERVICE_DPC, + .probe = dpc_probe, + .suspend = dpc_suspend, + .resume = dpc_resume, + .remove = dpc_remove, +}; + +int __init pcie_dpc_init(void) +{ + return pcie_port_service_register(&dpcdriver); +} |
