x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructionsgrafted

When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function,
a crash can be triggered.

The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues()
function:

<__hrtimer_run_queues+249>:  nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
<__hrtimer_run_queues+254>:  mov    %r14,%rdi
<__hrtimer_run_queues+257>:  cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12>
<__hrtimer_run_queues+263>:  mov    %eax,%r12d
<__hrtimer_run_queues+266>:  xchg   %ax,%ax
<__hrtimer_run_queues+268>:  mov    %r13,%rdi

Which triggers this crash:

  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9
  #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode
  #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page
  PGD 0 P4D 0
  Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI
  CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P
  RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230

Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is
at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL
instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that
call instruction.

The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a
function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation.

During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction,
int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes
long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes,
so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU
returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at
the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally,
starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely
different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash.

Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from
the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return
address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro.

[ mingo: Refined the changelog ]

Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step")
Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jinke Han <jinkehan@didiglobal.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000

1 files changed, 481 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/devfreq/devfreq-event.c b/drivers/devfreq/devfreq-event.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9e183cd88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/devfreq/devfreq-event.c
@@ -0,0 +1,481 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * devfreq-event: a framework to provide raw data and events of devfreq devices
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 Samsung Electronics
+ * Author: Chanwoo Choi <cw00.choi@samsung.com>
+ *
+ * This driver is based on drivers/devfreq/devfreq.c.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/devfreq-event.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/export.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/of.h>
+
+static struct attribute *devfreq_event_attrs[];
+ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(devfreq_event);
+
+static const struct class devfreq_event_class = {
+	.name		= "devfreq-event",
+	.dev_groups	= devfreq_event_groups
+};
+
+/* The list of all devfreq event list */
+static LIST_HEAD(devfreq_event_list);
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(devfreq_event_list_lock);
+
+#define to_devfreq_event(DEV) container_of(DEV, struct devfreq_event_dev, dev)
+
+/**
+ * devfreq_event_enable_edev() - Enable the devfreq-event dev and increase
+ *				 the enable_count of devfreq-event dev.
+ * @edev	: the devfreq-event device
+ *
+ * Note that this function increase the enable_count and enable the
+ * devfreq-event device. The devfreq-event device should be enabled before
+ * using it by devfreq device.
+ */
+int devfreq_event_enable_edev(struct devfreq_event_dev *edev)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (!edev || !edev->desc)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	mutex_lock(&edev->lock);
+	if (edev->desc->ops && edev->desc->ops->enable
+			&& edev->enable_count == 0) {
+		ret = edev->desc->ops->enable(edev);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto err;
+	}
+	edev->enable_count++;
+err:
+	mutex_unlock(&edev->lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devfreq_event_enable_edev);
+
+/**
+ * devfreq_event_disable_edev() - Disable the devfreq-event dev and decrease
+ *				  the enable_count of the devfreq-event dev.
+ * @edev	: the devfreq-event device
+ *
+ * Note that this function decrease the enable_count and disable the
+ * devfreq-event device. After the devfreq-event device is disabled,
+ * devfreq device can't use the devfreq-event device for get/set/reset
+ * operations.
+ */
+int devfreq_event_disable_edev(struct devfreq_event_dev *edev)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (!edev || !edev->desc)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	mutex_lock(&edev->lock);
+	if (edev->enable_count <= 0) {
+		dev_warn(&edev->dev, "unbalanced enable_count\n");
+		ret = -EIO;
+		goto err;
+	}
+
+	if (edev->desc->ops && edev->desc->ops->disable
+			&& edev->enable_count == 1) {
+		ret = edev->desc->ops->disable(edev);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			goto err;
+	}
+	edev->enable_count--;
+err:
+	mutex_unlock(&edev->lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devfreq_event_disable_edev);
+
+/**
+ * devfreq_event_is_enabled() - Check whether devfreq-event dev is enabled or
+ *				not.
+ * @edev	: the devfreq-event device
+ *
+ * Note that this function check whether devfreq-event dev is enabled or not.
+ * If return true, the devfreq-event dev is enabeld. If return false, the
+ * devfreq-event dev is disabled.
+ */
+bool devfreq_event_is_enabled(struct devfreq_event_dev *edev)
+{
+	bool enabled = false;
+
+	if (!edev || !edev->desc)
+		return enabled;
+
+	mutex_lock(&edev->lock);
+
+	if (edev->enable_count > 0)
+		enabled = true;
+
+	mutex_unlock(&edev->lock);
+
+	return enabled;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devfreq_event_is_enabled);
+
+/**
+ * devfreq_event_set_event() - Set event to devfreq-event dev to start.
+ * @edev	: the devfreq-event device
+ *
+ * Note that this function set the event to the devfreq-event device to start
+ * for getting the event data which could be various event type.
+ */
+int devfreq_event_set_event(struct devfreq_event_dev *edev)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!edev || !edev->desc)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (!edev->desc->ops || !edev->desc->ops->set_event)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (!devfreq_event_is_enabled(edev))
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	mutex_lock(&edev->lock);
+	ret = edev->desc->ops->set_event(edev);
+	mutex_unlock(&edev->lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devfreq_event_set_event);
+
+/**
+ * devfreq_event_get_event() - Get {load|total}_count from devfreq-event dev.
+ * @edev	: the devfreq-event device
+ * @edata	: the calculated data of devfreq-event device
+ *
+ * Note that this function get the calculated event data from devfreq-event dev
+ * after stoping the progress of whole sequence of devfreq-event dev.
+ */
+int devfreq_event_get_event(struct devfreq_event_dev *edev,
+			    struct devfreq_event_data *edata)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!edev || !edev->desc)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (!edev->desc->ops || !edev->desc->ops->get_event)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (!devfreq_event_is_enabled(edev))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	edata->total_count = edata->load_count = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&edev->lock);
+	ret = edev->desc->ops->get_event(edev, edata);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		edata->total_count = edata->load_count = 0;
+	mutex_unlock(&edev->lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devfreq_event_get_event);
+
+/**
+ * devfreq_event_reset_event() - Reset all opeations of devfreq-event dev.
+ * @edev	: the devfreq-event device
+ *
+ * Note that this function stop all operations of devfreq-event dev and reset
+ * the current event data to make the devfreq-event device into initial state.
+ */
+int devfreq_event_reset_event(struct devfreq_event_dev *edev)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	if (!edev || !edev->desc)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (!devfreq_event_is_enabled(edev))
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	mutex_lock(&edev->lock);
+	if (edev->desc->ops && edev->desc->ops->reset)
+		ret = edev->desc->ops->reset(edev);
+	mutex_unlock(&edev->lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devfreq_event_reset_event);
+
+/**
+ * devfreq_event_get_edev_by_phandle() - Get the devfreq-event dev from
+ *					 devicetree.
+ * @dev		: the pointer to the given device
+ * @phandle_name: name of property holding a phandle value
+ * @index	: the index into list of devfreq-event device
+ *
+ * Note that this function return the pointer of devfreq-event device.
+ */
+struct devfreq_event_dev *devfreq_event_get_edev_by_phandle(struct device *dev,
+					const char *phandle_name, int index)
+{
+	struct device_node *node;
+	struct devfreq_event_dev *edev;
+
+	if (!dev->of_node || !phandle_name)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+	node = of_parse_phandle(dev->of_node, phandle_name, index);
+	if (!node)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
+
+	mutex_lock(&devfreq_event_list_lock);
+	list_for_each_entry(edev, &devfreq_event_list, node) {
+		if (edev->dev.parent && device_match_of_node(edev->dev.parent, node))
+			goto out;
+	}
+
+	list_for_each_entry(edev, &devfreq_event_list, node) {
+		if (of_node_name_eq(node, edev->desc->name))
+			goto out;
+	}
+	edev = NULL;
+out:
+	mutex_unlock(&devfreq_event_list_lock);
+	of_node_put(node);
+	if (!edev)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENODEV);
+
+	return edev;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devfreq_event_get_edev_by_phandle);
+
+/**
+ * devfreq_event_get_edev_count() - Get the count of devfreq-event dev
+ * @dev		: the pointer to the given device
+ * @phandle_name: name of property holding a phandle value
+ *
+ * Note that this function return the count of devfreq-event devices.
+ */
+int devfreq_event_get_edev_count(struct device *dev, const char *phandle_name)
+{
+	int count;
+
+	if (!dev->of_node || !phandle_name) {
+		dev_err(dev, "device does not have a device node entry\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	count = of_property_count_elems_of_size(dev->of_node, phandle_name,
+						sizeof(u32));
+	if (count < 0) {
+		dev_err(dev,
+			"failed to get the count of devfreq-event in %pOF node\n",
+			dev->of_node);
+		return count;
+	}
+
+	return count;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devfreq_event_get_edev_count);
+
+static void devfreq_event_release_edev(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct devfreq_event_dev *edev = to_devfreq_event(dev);
+
+	kfree(edev);
+}
+
+/**
+ * devfreq_event_add_edev() - Add new devfreq-event device.
+ * @dev		: the device owning the devfreq-event device being created
+ * @desc	: the devfreq-event device's descriptor which include essential
+ *		  data for devfreq-event device.
+ *
+ * Note that this function add new devfreq-event device to devfreq-event class
+ * list and register the device of the devfreq-event device.
+ */
+struct devfreq_event_dev *devfreq_event_add_edev(struct device *dev,
+						struct devfreq_event_desc *desc)
+{
+	struct devfreq_event_dev *edev;
+	static atomic_t event_no = ATOMIC_INIT(-1);
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!dev || !desc)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+	if (!desc->name || !desc->ops)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+	if (!desc->ops->set_event || !desc->ops->get_event)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+	edev = kzalloc_obj(struct devfreq_event_dev);
+	if (!edev)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	mutex_init(&edev->lock);
+	edev->desc = desc;
+	edev->enable_count = 0;
+	edev->dev.parent = dev;
+	edev->dev.class = &devfreq_event_class;
+	edev->dev.release = devfreq_event_release_edev;
+
+	dev_set_name(&edev->dev, "event%d", atomic_inc_return(&event_no));
+	ret = device_register(&edev->dev);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		put_device(&edev->dev);
+		return ERR_PTR(ret);
+	}
+	dev_set_drvdata(&edev->dev, edev);
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&edev->node);
+
+	mutex_lock(&devfreq_event_list_lock);
+	list_add(&edev->node, &devfreq_event_list);
+	mutex_unlock(&devfreq_event_list_lock);
+
+	return edev;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devfreq_event_add_edev);
+
+/**
+ * devfreq_event_remove_edev() - Remove the devfreq-event device registered.
+ * @edev	: the devfreq-event device
+ *
+ * Note that this function removes the registered devfreq-event device.
+ */
+int devfreq_event_remove_edev(struct devfreq_event_dev *edev)
+{
+	if (!edev)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	WARN_ON(edev->enable_count);
+
+	mutex_lock(&devfreq_event_list_lock);
+	list_del(&edev->node);
+	mutex_unlock(&devfreq_event_list_lock);
+
+	device_unregister(&edev->dev);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devfreq_event_remove_edev);
+
+static int devm_devfreq_event_match(struct device *dev, void *res, void *data)
+{
+	struct devfreq_event_dev **r = res;
+
+	if (WARN_ON(!r || !*r))
+		return 0;
+
+	return *r == data;
+}
+
+static void devm_devfreq_event_release(struct device *dev, void *res)
+{
+	devfreq_event_remove_edev(*(struct devfreq_event_dev **)res);
+}
+
+/**
+ * devm_devfreq_event_add_edev() - Resource-managed devfreq_event_add_edev()
+ * @dev		: the device owning the devfreq-event device being created
+ * @desc	: the devfreq-event device's descriptor which include essential
+ *		  data for devfreq-event device.
+ *
+ * Note that this function manages automatically the memory of devfreq-event
+ * device using device resource management and simplify the free operation
+ * for memory of devfreq-event device.
+ */
+struct devfreq_event_dev *devm_devfreq_event_add_edev(struct device *dev,
+						struct devfreq_event_desc *desc)
+{
+	struct devfreq_event_dev **ptr, *edev;
+
+	ptr = devres_alloc(devm_devfreq_event_release, sizeof(*ptr),
+				GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!ptr)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	edev = devfreq_event_add_edev(dev, desc);
+	if (IS_ERR(edev)) {
+		devres_free(ptr);
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+	}
+
+	*ptr = edev;
+	devres_add(dev, ptr);
+
+	return edev;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devm_devfreq_event_add_edev);
+
+/**
+ * devm_devfreq_event_remove_edev()- Resource-managed devfreq_event_remove_edev()
+ * @dev		: the device owning the devfreq-event device being created
+ * @edev	: the devfreq-event device
+ *
+ * Note that this function manages automatically the memory of devfreq-event
+ * device using device resource management.
+ */
+void devm_devfreq_event_remove_edev(struct device *dev,
+				struct devfreq_event_dev *edev)
+{
+	WARN_ON(devres_release(dev, devm_devfreq_event_release,
+			       devm_devfreq_event_match, edev));
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(devm_devfreq_event_remove_edev);
+
+/*
+ * Device attributes for devfreq-event class.
+ */
+static ssize_t name_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
+			 char *buf)
+{
+	struct devfreq_event_dev *edev = to_devfreq_event(dev);
+
+	if (!edev || !edev->desc)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", edev->desc->name);
+}
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(name);
+
+static ssize_t enable_count_show(struct device *dev,
+				  struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	struct devfreq_event_dev *edev = to_devfreq_event(dev);
+
+	if (!edev || !edev->desc)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", edev->enable_count);
+}
+static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(enable_count);
+
+static struct attribute *devfreq_event_attrs[] = {
+	&dev_attr_name.attr,
+	&dev_attr_enable_count.attr,
+	NULL,
+};
+
+static int __init devfreq_event_init(void)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = class_register(&devfreq_event_class);
+	if (err)
+		pr_err("%s: couldn't create class\n", __FILE__);
+
+	return err;
+}
+subsys_initcall(devfreq_event_init);