x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructionsgrafted

When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function,
a crash can be triggered.

The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues()
function:

<__hrtimer_run_queues+249>:  nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
<__hrtimer_run_queues+254>:  mov    %r14,%rdi
<__hrtimer_run_queues+257>:  cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12>
<__hrtimer_run_queues+263>:  mov    %eax,%r12d
<__hrtimer_run_queues+266>:  xchg   %ax,%ax
<__hrtimer_run_queues+268>:  mov    %r13,%rdi

Which triggers this crash:

  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9
  #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode
  #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page
  PGD 0 P4D 0
  Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI
  CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P
  RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230

Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is
at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL
instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that
call instruction.

The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a
function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation.

During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction,
int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes
long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes,
so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU
returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at
the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally,
starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely
different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash.

Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from
the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return
address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro.

[ mingo: Refined the changelog ]

Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step")
Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jinke Han <jinkehan@didiglobal.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000

1 files changed, 363 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/clocksource/em_sti.c b/drivers/clocksource/em_sti.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..73a3357d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/clocksource/em_sti.c
@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+/*
+ * Emma Mobile Timer Support - STI
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 2012 Magnus Damm
+ */
+
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/platform_device.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/io.h>
+#include <linux/clk.h>
+#include <linux/irq.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/clocksource.h>
+#include <linux/clockchips.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+
+enum { USER_CLOCKSOURCE, USER_CLOCKEVENT, USER_NR };
+
+struct em_sti_priv {
+	void __iomem *base;
+	struct clk *clk;
+	struct platform_device *pdev;
+	unsigned int active[USER_NR];
+	unsigned long rate;
+	raw_spinlock_t lock;
+	struct clock_event_device ced;
+	struct clocksource cs;
+};
+
+#define STI_CONTROL 0x00
+#define STI_COMPA_H 0x10
+#define STI_COMPA_L 0x14
+#define STI_COMPB_H 0x18
+#define STI_COMPB_L 0x1c
+#define STI_COUNT_H 0x20
+#define STI_COUNT_L 0x24
+#define STI_COUNT_RAW_H 0x28
+#define STI_COUNT_RAW_L 0x2c
+#define STI_SET_H 0x30
+#define STI_SET_L 0x34
+#define STI_INTSTATUS 0x40
+#define STI_INTRAWSTATUS 0x44
+#define STI_INTENSET 0x48
+#define STI_INTENCLR 0x4c
+#define STI_INTFFCLR 0x50
+
+static inline unsigned long em_sti_read(struct em_sti_priv *p, int offs)
+{
+	return ioread32(p->base + offs);
+}
+
+static inline void em_sti_write(struct em_sti_priv *p, int offs,
+				unsigned long value)
+{
+	iowrite32(value, p->base + offs);
+}
+
+static int em_sti_enable(struct em_sti_priv *p)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	/* enable clock */
+	ret = clk_enable(p->clk);
+	if (ret) {
+		dev_err(&p->pdev->dev, "cannot enable clock\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	/* reset the counter */
+	em_sti_write(p, STI_SET_H, 0x40000000);
+	em_sti_write(p, STI_SET_L, 0x00000000);
+
+	/* mask and clear pending interrupts */
+	em_sti_write(p, STI_INTENCLR, 3);
+	em_sti_write(p, STI_INTFFCLR, 3);
+
+	/* enable updates of counter registers */
+	em_sti_write(p, STI_CONTROL, 1);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void em_sti_disable(struct em_sti_priv *p)
+{
+	/* mask interrupts */
+	em_sti_write(p, STI_INTENCLR, 3);
+
+	/* stop clock */
+	clk_disable(p->clk);
+}
+
+static u64 em_sti_count(struct em_sti_priv *p)
+{
+	u64 ticks;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	/* the STI hardware buffers the 48-bit count, but to
+	 * break it out into two 32-bit access the registers
+	 * must be accessed in a certain order.
+	 * Always read STI_COUNT_H before STI_COUNT_L.
+	 */
+	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&p->lock, flags);
+	ticks = (u64)(em_sti_read(p, STI_COUNT_H) & 0xffff) << 32;
+	ticks |= em_sti_read(p, STI_COUNT_L);
+	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&p->lock, flags);
+
+	return ticks;
+}
+
+static u64 em_sti_set_next(struct em_sti_priv *p, u64 next)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&p->lock, flags);
+
+	/* mask compare A interrupt */
+	em_sti_write(p, STI_INTENCLR, 1);
+
+	/* update compare A value */
+	em_sti_write(p, STI_COMPA_H, next >> 32);
+	em_sti_write(p, STI_COMPA_L, next & 0xffffffff);
+
+	/* clear compare A interrupt source */
+	em_sti_write(p, STI_INTFFCLR, 1);
+
+	/* unmask compare A interrupt */
+	em_sti_write(p, STI_INTENSET, 1);
+
+	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&p->lock, flags);
+
+	return next;
+}
+
+static irqreturn_t em_sti_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
+{
+	struct em_sti_priv *p = dev_id;
+
+	p->ced.event_handler(&p->ced);
+	return IRQ_HANDLED;
+}
+
+static int em_sti_start(struct em_sti_priv *p, unsigned int user)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	int used_before;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&p->lock, flags);
+	used_before = p->active[USER_CLOCKSOURCE] | p->active[USER_CLOCKEVENT];
+	if (!used_before)
+		ret = em_sti_enable(p);
+
+	if (!ret)
+		p->active[user] = 1;
+	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&p->lock, flags);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void em_sti_stop(struct em_sti_priv *p, unsigned int user)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	int used_before, used_after;
+
+	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&p->lock, flags);
+	used_before = p->active[USER_CLOCKSOURCE] | p->active[USER_CLOCKEVENT];
+	p->active[user] = 0;
+	used_after = p->active[USER_CLOCKSOURCE] | p->active[USER_CLOCKEVENT];
+
+	if (used_before && !used_after)
+		em_sti_disable(p);
+	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&p->lock, flags);
+}
+
+static struct em_sti_priv *cs_to_em_sti(struct clocksource *cs)
+{
+	return container_of(cs, struct em_sti_priv, cs);
+}
+
+static u64 em_sti_clocksource_read(struct clocksource *cs)
+{
+	return em_sti_count(cs_to_em_sti(cs));
+}
+
+static int em_sti_clocksource_enable(struct clocksource *cs)
+{
+	struct em_sti_priv *p = cs_to_em_sti(cs);
+
+	return em_sti_start(p, USER_CLOCKSOURCE);
+}
+
+static void em_sti_clocksource_disable(struct clocksource *cs)
+{
+	em_sti_stop(cs_to_em_sti(cs), USER_CLOCKSOURCE);
+}
+
+static void em_sti_clocksource_resume(struct clocksource *cs)
+{
+	em_sti_clocksource_enable(cs);
+}
+
+static int em_sti_register_clocksource(struct em_sti_priv *p)
+{
+	struct clocksource *cs = &p->cs;
+
+	cs->name = dev_name(&p->pdev->dev);
+	cs->rating = 200;
+	cs->read = em_sti_clocksource_read;
+	cs->enable = em_sti_clocksource_enable;
+	cs->disable = em_sti_clocksource_disable;
+	cs->suspend = em_sti_clocksource_disable;
+	cs->resume = em_sti_clocksource_resume;
+	cs->mask = CLOCKSOURCE_MASK(48);
+	cs->flags = CLOCK_SOURCE_IS_CONTINUOUS;
+
+	dev_info(&p->pdev->dev, "used as clock source\n");
+
+	clocksource_register_hz(cs, p->rate);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct em_sti_priv *ced_to_em_sti(struct clock_event_device *ced)
+{
+	return container_of(ced, struct em_sti_priv, ced);
+}
+
+static int em_sti_clock_event_shutdown(struct clock_event_device *ced)
+{
+	struct em_sti_priv *p = ced_to_em_sti(ced);
+	em_sti_stop(p, USER_CLOCKEVENT);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int em_sti_clock_event_set_oneshot(struct clock_event_device *ced)
+{
+	struct em_sti_priv *p = ced_to_em_sti(ced);
+
+	dev_info(&p->pdev->dev, "used for oneshot clock events\n");
+	em_sti_start(p, USER_CLOCKEVENT);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int em_sti_clock_event_next(unsigned long delta,
+				   struct clock_event_device *ced)
+{
+	struct em_sti_priv *p = ced_to_em_sti(ced);
+	u64 next;
+	int safe;
+
+	next = em_sti_set_next(p, em_sti_count(p) + delta);
+	safe = em_sti_count(p) < (next - 1);
+
+	return !safe;
+}
+
+static void em_sti_register_clockevent(struct em_sti_priv *p)
+{
+	struct clock_event_device *ced = &p->ced;
+
+	ced->name = dev_name(&p->pdev->dev);
+	ced->features = CLOCK_EVT_FEAT_ONESHOT;
+	ced->rating = 200;
+	ced->cpumask = cpu_possible_mask;
+	ced->set_next_event = em_sti_clock_event_next;
+	ced->set_state_shutdown = em_sti_clock_event_shutdown;
+	ced->set_state_oneshot = em_sti_clock_event_set_oneshot;
+
+	dev_info(&p->pdev->dev, "used for clock events\n");
+
+	clockevents_config_and_register(ced, p->rate, 2, 0xffffffff);
+}
+
+static int em_sti_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
+{
+	struct em_sti_priv *p;
+	int irq, ret;
+
+	p = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*p), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (p == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	p->pdev = pdev;
+	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, p);
+
+	irq = platform_get_irq(pdev, 0);
+	if (irq < 0)
+		return irq;
+
+	/* map memory, let base point to the STI instance */
+	p->base = devm_platform_ioremap_resource(pdev, 0);
+	if (IS_ERR(p->base))
+		return PTR_ERR(p->base);
+
+	ret = devm_request_irq(&pdev->dev, irq, em_sti_interrupt,
+			       IRQF_TIMER | IRQF_IRQPOLL | IRQF_NOBALANCING,
+			       dev_name(&pdev->dev), p);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	/* get hold of clock */
+	p->clk = devm_clk_get(&pdev->dev, "sclk");
+	if (IS_ERR(p->clk)) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "cannot get clock\n");
+		return PTR_ERR(p->clk);
+	}
+
+	ret = clk_prepare(p->clk);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "cannot prepare clock\n");
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	ret = clk_enable(p->clk);
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		dev_err(&p->pdev->dev, "cannot enable clock\n");
+		clk_unprepare(p->clk);
+		return ret;
+	}
+	p->rate = clk_get_rate(p->clk);
+	clk_disable(p->clk);
+
+	raw_spin_lock_init(&p->lock);
+	em_sti_register_clockevent(p);
+	em_sti_register_clocksource(p);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct of_device_id em_sti_dt_ids[] = {
+	{ .compatible = "renesas,em-sti", },
+	{},
+};
+MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, em_sti_dt_ids);
+
+static struct platform_driver em_sti_device_driver = {
+	.probe		= em_sti_probe,
+	.driver		= {
+		.name	= "em_sti",
+		.of_match_table = em_sti_dt_ids,
+		.suppress_bind_attrs = true,
+	}
+};
+
+static int __init em_sti_init(void)
+{
+	return platform_driver_register(&em_sti_device_driver);
+}
+
+static void __exit em_sti_exit(void)
+{
+	platform_driver_unregister(&em_sti_device_driver);
+}
+
+subsys_initcall(em_sti_init);
+module_exit(em_sti_exit);
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Magnus Damm");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Renesas Emma Mobile STI Timer Driver");