x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructionsgrafted

When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function,
a crash can be triggered.

The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues()
function:

<__hrtimer_run_queues+249>:  nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
<__hrtimer_run_queues+254>:  mov    %r14,%rdi
<__hrtimer_run_queues+257>:  cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12>
<__hrtimer_run_queues+263>:  mov    %eax,%r12d
<__hrtimer_run_queues+266>:  xchg   %ax,%ax
<__hrtimer_run_queues+268>:  mov    %r13,%rdi

Which triggers this crash:

  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9
  #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode
  #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page
  PGD 0 P4D 0
  Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI
  CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P
  RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230

Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is
at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL
instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that
call instruction.

The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a
function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation.

During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction,
int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes
long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes,
so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU
returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at
the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally,
starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely
different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash.

Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from
the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return
address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro.

[ mingo: Refined the changelog ]

Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step")
Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jinke Han <jinkehan@didiglobal.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000

1 files changed, 360 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/crypto/ctr.c b/crypto/ctr.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a388f0ceb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crypto/ctr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,360 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ * CTR: Counter mode
+ *
+ * (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 2007 - Joy Latten <latten@us.ibm.com>
+ */
+
+#include <crypto/algapi.h>
+#include <crypto/ctr.h>
+#include <crypto/internal/cipher.h>
+#include <crypto/internal/skcipher.h>
+#include <linux/err.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+
+struct crypto_rfc3686_ctx {
+	struct crypto_skcipher *child;
+	u8 nonce[CTR_RFC3686_NONCE_SIZE];
+};
+
+struct crypto_rfc3686_req_ctx {
+	u8 iv[CTR_RFC3686_BLOCK_SIZE];
+	struct skcipher_request subreq CRYPTO_MINALIGN_ATTR;
+};
+
+static void crypto_ctr_crypt_final(struct skcipher_walk *walk,
+				   struct crypto_cipher *tfm)
+{
+	unsigned int bsize = crypto_cipher_blocksize(tfm);
+	unsigned long alignmask = crypto_cipher_alignmask(tfm);
+	u8 *ctrblk = walk->iv;
+	u8 tmp[MAX_CIPHER_BLOCKSIZE + MAX_CIPHER_ALIGNMASK];
+	u8 *keystream = PTR_ALIGN(tmp + 0, alignmask + 1);
+	const u8 *src = walk->src.virt.addr;
+	u8 *dst = walk->dst.virt.addr;
+	unsigned int nbytes = walk->nbytes;
+
+	crypto_cipher_encrypt_one(tfm, keystream, ctrblk);
+	crypto_xor_cpy(dst, keystream, src, nbytes);
+
+	crypto_inc(ctrblk, bsize);
+}
+
+static int crypto_ctr_crypt_segment(struct skcipher_walk *walk,
+				    struct crypto_cipher *tfm)
+{
+	void (*fn)(struct crypto_tfm *, u8 *, const u8 *) =
+		   crypto_cipher_alg(tfm)->cia_encrypt;
+	unsigned int bsize = crypto_cipher_blocksize(tfm);
+	u8 *ctrblk = walk->iv;
+	const u8 *src = walk->src.virt.addr;
+	u8 *dst = walk->dst.virt.addr;
+	unsigned int nbytes = walk->nbytes;
+
+	do {
+		/* create keystream */
+		fn(crypto_cipher_tfm(tfm), dst, ctrblk);
+		crypto_xor(dst, src, bsize);
+
+		/* increment counter in counterblock */
+		crypto_inc(ctrblk, bsize);
+
+		src += bsize;
+		dst += bsize;
+	} while ((nbytes -= bsize) >= bsize);
+
+	return nbytes;
+}
+
+static int crypto_ctr_crypt_inplace(struct skcipher_walk *walk,
+				    struct crypto_cipher *tfm)
+{
+	void (*fn)(struct crypto_tfm *, u8 *, const u8 *) =
+		   crypto_cipher_alg(tfm)->cia_encrypt;
+	unsigned int bsize = crypto_cipher_blocksize(tfm);
+	unsigned long alignmask = crypto_cipher_alignmask(tfm);
+	unsigned int nbytes = walk->nbytes;
+	u8 *dst = walk->dst.virt.addr;
+	u8 *ctrblk = walk->iv;
+	u8 tmp[MAX_CIPHER_BLOCKSIZE + MAX_CIPHER_ALIGNMASK];
+	u8 *keystream = PTR_ALIGN(tmp + 0, alignmask + 1);
+
+	do {
+		/* create keystream */
+		fn(crypto_cipher_tfm(tfm), keystream, ctrblk);
+		crypto_xor(dst, keystream, bsize);
+
+		/* increment counter in counterblock */
+		crypto_inc(ctrblk, bsize);
+
+		dst += bsize;
+	} while ((nbytes -= bsize) >= bsize);
+
+	return nbytes;
+}
+
+static int crypto_ctr_crypt(struct skcipher_request *req)
+{
+	struct crypto_skcipher *tfm = crypto_skcipher_reqtfm(req);
+	struct crypto_cipher *cipher = skcipher_cipher_simple(tfm);
+	const unsigned int bsize = crypto_cipher_blocksize(cipher);
+	struct skcipher_walk walk;
+	unsigned int nbytes;
+	int err;
+
+	err = skcipher_walk_virt(&walk, req, false);
+
+	while (walk.nbytes >= bsize) {
+		if (walk.src.virt.addr == walk.dst.virt.addr)
+			nbytes = crypto_ctr_crypt_inplace(&walk, cipher);
+		else
+			nbytes = crypto_ctr_crypt_segment(&walk, cipher);
+
+		err = skcipher_walk_done(&walk, nbytes);
+	}
+
+	if (walk.nbytes) {
+		crypto_ctr_crypt_final(&walk, cipher);
+		err = skcipher_walk_done(&walk, 0);
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int crypto_ctr_create(struct crypto_template *tmpl, struct rtattr **tb)
+{
+	struct skcipher_instance *inst;
+	struct crypto_alg *alg;
+	int err;
+
+	inst = skcipher_alloc_instance_simple(tmpl, tb);
+	if (IS_ERR(inst))
+		return PTR_ERR(inst);
+
+	alg = skcipher_ialg_simple(inst);
+
+	/* Block size must be >= 4 bytes. */
+	err = -EINVAL;
+	if (alg->cra_blocksize < 4)
+		goto out_free_inst;
+
+	/* If this is false we'd fail the alignment of crypto_inc. */
+	if (alg->cra_blocksize % 4)
+		goto out_free_inst;
+
+	/* CTR mode is a stream cipher. */
+	inst->alg.base.cra_blocksize = 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * To simplify the implementation, configure the skcipher walk to only
+	 * give a partial block at the very end, never earlier.
+	 */
+	inst->alg.chunksize = alg->cra_blocksize;
+
+	inst->alg.encrypt = crypto_ctr_crypt;
+	inst->alg.decrypt = crypto_ctr_crypt;
+
+	err = skcipher_register_instance(tmpl, inst);
+	if (err) {
+out_free_inst:
+		inst->free(inst);
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int crypto_rfc3686_setkey(struct crypto_skcipher *parent,
+				 const u8 *key, unsigned int keylen)
+{
+	struct crypto_rfc3686_ctx *ctx = crypto_skcipher_ctx(parent);
+	struct crypto_skcipher *child = ctx->child;
+
+	/* the nonce is stored in bytes at end of key */
+	if (keylen < CTR_RFC3686_NONCE_SIZE)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	memcpy(ctx->nonce, key + (keylen - CTR_RFC3686_NONCE_SIZE),
+	       CTR_RFC3686_NONCE_SIZE);
+
+	keylen -= CTR_RFC3686_NONCE_SIZE;
+
+	crypto_skcipher_clear_flags(child, CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MASK);
+	crypto_skcipher_set_flags(child, crypto_skcipher_get_flags(parent) &
+					 CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MASK);
+	return crypto_skcipher_setkey(child, key, keylen);
+}
+
+static int crypto_rfc3686_crypt(struct skcipher_request *req)
+{
+	struct crypto_skcipher *tfm = crypto_skcipher_reqtfm(req);
+	struct crypto_rfc3686_ctx *ctx = crypto_skcipher_ctx(tfm);
+	struct crypto_skcipher *child = ctx->child;
+	unsigned long align = crypto_skcipher_alignmask(tfm);
+	struct crypto_rfc3686_req_ctx *rctx =
+		(void *)PTR_ALIGN((u8 *)skcipher_request_ctx(req), align + 1);
+	struct skcipher_request *subreq = &rctx->subreq;
+	u8 *iv = rctx->iv;
+
+	/* set up counter block */
+	memcpy(iv, ctx->nonce, CTR_RFC3686_NONCE_SIZE);
+	memcpy(iv + CTR_RFC3686_NONCE_SIZE, req->iv, CTR_RFC3686_IV_SIZE);
+
+	/* initialize counter portion of counter block */
+	*(__be32 *)(iv + CTR_RFC3686_NONCE_SIZE + CTR_RFC3686_IV_SIZE) =
+		cpu_to_be32(1);
+
+	skcipher_request_set_tfm(subreq, child);
+	skcipher_request_set_callback(subreq, req->base.flags,
+				      req->base.complete, req->base.data);
+	skcipher_request_set_crypt(subreq, req->src, req->dst,
+				   req->cryptlen, iv);
+
+	return crypto_skcipher_encrypt(subreq);
+}
+
+static int crypto_rfc3686_init_tfm(struct crypto_skcipher *tfm)
+{
+	struct skcipher_instance *inst = skcipher_alg_instance(tfm);
+	struct crypto_skcipher_spawn *spawn = skcipher_instance_ctx(inst);
+	struct crypto_rfc3686_ctx *ctx = crypto_skcipher_ctx(tfm);
+	struct crypto_skcipher *cipher;
+	unsigned long align;
+	unsigned int reqsize;
+
+	cipher = crypto_spawn_skcipher(spawn);
+	if (IS_ERR(cipher))
+		return PTR_ERR(cipher);
+
+	ctx->child = cipher;
+
+	align = crypto_skcipher_alignmask(tfm);
+	align &= ~(crypto_tfm_ctx_alignment() - 1);
+	reqsize = align + sizeof(struct crypto_rfc3686_req_ctx) +
+		  crypto_skcipher_reqsize(cipher);
+	crypto_skcipher_set_reqsize(tfm, reqsize);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void crypto_rfc3686_exit_tfm(struct crypto_skcipher *tfm)
+{
+	struct crypto_rfc3686_ctx *ctx = crypto_skcipher_ctx(tfm);
+
+	crypto_free_skcipher(ctx->child);
+}
+
+static void crypto_rfc3686_free(struct skcipher_instance *inst)
+{
+	struct crypto_skcipher_spawn *spawn = skcipher_instance_ctx(inst);
+
+	crypto_drop_skcipher(spawn);
+	kfree(inst);
+}
+
+static int crypto_rfc3686_create(struct crypto_template *tmpl,
+				 struct rtattr **tb)
+{
+	struct skcipher_instance *inst;
+	struct crypto_skcipher_spawn *spawn;
+	struct skcipher_alg_common *alg;
+	u32 mask;
+	int err;
+
+	err = crypto_check_attr_type(tb, CRYPTO_ALG_TYPE_SKCIPHER, &mask);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	inst = kzalloc(sizeof(*inst) + sizeof(*spawn), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!inst)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	spawn = skcipher_instance_ctx(inst);
+
+	err = crypto_grab_skcipher(spawn, skcipher_crypto_instance(inst),
+				   crypto_attr_alg_name(tb[1]), 0, mask);
+	if (err)
+		goto err_free_inst;
+
+	alg = crypto_spawn_skcipher_alg_common(spawn);
+
+	/* We only support 16-byte blocks. */
+	err = -EINVAL;
+	if (alg->ivsize != CTR_RFC3686_BLOCK_SIZE)
+		goto err_free_inst;
+
+	/* Not a stream cipher? */
+	if (alg->base.cra_blocksize != 1)
+		goto err_free_inst;
+
+	err = -ENAMETOOLONG;
+	if (snprintf(inst->alg.base.cra_name, CRYPTO_MAX_ALG_NAME,
+		     "rfc3686(%s)", alg->base.cra_name) >= CRYPTO_MAX_ALG_NAME)
+		goto err_free_inst;
+	if (snprintf(inst->alg.base.cra_driver_name, CRYPTO_MAX_ALG_NAME,
+		     "rfc3686(%s)", alg->base.cra_driver_name) >=
+	    CRYPTO_MAX_ALG_NAME)
+		goto err_free_inst;
+
+	inst->alg.base.cra_priority = alg->base.cra_priority;
+	inst->alg.base.cra_blocksize = 1;
+	inst->alg.base.cra_alignmask = alg->base.cra_alignmask;
+
+	inst->alg.ivsize = CTR_RFC3686_IV_SIZE;
+	inst->alg.chunksize = alg->chunksize;
+	inst->alg.min_keysize = alg->min_keysize + CTR_RFC3686_NONCE_SIZE;
+	inst->alg.max_keysize = alg->max_keysize + CTR_RFC3686_NONCE_SIZE;
+
+	inst->alg.setkey = crypto_rfc3686_setkey;
+	inst->alg.encrypt = crypto_rfc3686_crypt;
+	inst->alg.decrypt = crypto_rfc3686_crypt;
+
+	inst->alg.base.cra_ctxsize = sizeof(struct crypto_rfc3686_ctx);
+
+	inst->alg.init = crypto_rfc3686_init_tfm;
+	inst->alg.exit = crypto_rfc3686_exit_tfm;
+
+	inst->free = crypto_rfc3686_free;
+
+	err = skcipher_register_instance(tmpl, inst);
+	if (err) {
+err_free_inst:
+		crypto_rfc3686_free(inst);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static struct crypto_template crypto_ctr_tmpls[] = {
+	{
+		.name = "ctr",
+		.create = crypto_ctr_create,
+		.module = THIS_MODULE,
+	}, {
+		.name = "rfc3686",
+		.create = crypto_rfc3686_create,
+		.module = THIS_MODULE,
+	},
+};
+
+static int __init crypto_ctr_module_init(void)
+{
+	return crypto_register_templates(crypto_ctr_tmpls,
+					 ARRAY_SIZE(crypto_ctr_tmpls));
+}
+
+static void __exit crypto_ctr_module_exit(void)
+{
+	crypto_unregister_templates(crypto_ctr_tmpls,
+				    ARRAY_SIZE(crypto_ctr_tmpls));
+}
+
+module_init(crypto_ctr_module_init);
+module_exit(crypto_ctr_module_exit);
+
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("CTR block cipher mode of operation");
+MODULE_ALIAS_CRYPTO("rfc3686");
+MODULE_ALIAS_CRYPTO("ctr");
+MODULE_IMPORT_NS("CRYPTO_INTERNAL");