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authorAli Ahmet Memis <ali@iusegentoo.com>2026-08-21 01:45:27 +0000
committerStafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>2026-08-29 07:32:26 +0100
commit78004e9a87f240df03e2f73120d291763c32e0a7 (patch)
tree137c22dd795222931b9d2bf2501d37cd766741aa /Documentation/input/notifier.rst
downloadlinux-stable-78004e9a87f240df03e2f73120d291763c32e0a7.tar.gz
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openrisc: fix arbitrary kernel memory access via or1k_atomic syscallgrafted
sys_or1k_atomic() (syscall 244 in the "or1k" ABI) takes two user pointers, v1 and v2, and swaps the words they point to in hand-written assembly. l.lwz r29,0(r4) l.lwz r27,0(r5) l.sw 0(r4),r27 l.sw 0(r5),r29 The pointers are not checked with access_ok(). The four memory accesses also have no exception table entries. A caller passes a kernel address as either pointer, and the syscall reads from and writes to it directly. This gives an unprivileged process a kernel read/write primitive. It overwrites kernel data such as the sys_call_table, gaining code execution in kernel context. Check both pointers before entering the critical section. Add fixups for the four memory accesses so faults on valid but unmapped user addresses return -EFAULT. [shorne@gmail.com: fix comment style] Fixes: 9d02a4283e9c ("OpenRISC: Boot code") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Ali Ahmet Memis <ali@iusegentoo.com> Signed-off-by: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
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+=================
+Keyboard notifier
+=================
+
+One can use register_keyboard_notifier to get called back on keyboard
+events (see kbd_keycode() function for details). The passed structure is
+keyboard_notifier_param (see <linux/keyboard.h>):
+
+- 'vc' always provide the VC for which the keyboard event applies;
+- 'down' is 1 for a key press event, 0 for a key release;
+- 'shift' is the current modifier state, mask bit indexes are KG_*;
+- 'ledstate' is the current LED state;
+- 'value' depends on the type of event.
+
+- KBD_KEYCODE events are always sent before other events, value is the keycode.
+- KBD_UNBOUND_KEYCODE events are sent if the keycode is not bound to a keysym.
+ value is the keycode.
+- KBD_UNICODE events are sent if the keycode -> keysym translation produced a
+ unicode character. value is the unicode value.
+- KBD_KEYSYM events are sent if the keycode -> keysym translation produced a
+ non-unicode character. value is the keysym.
+- KBD_POST_KEYSYM events are sent after the treatment of non-unicode keysyms.
+ That permits one to inspect the resulting LEDs for instance.
+
+For each kind of event but the last, the callback may return NOTIFY_STOP in
+order to "eat" the event: the notify loop is stopped and the keyboard event is
+dropped.
+
+In a rough C snippet, we have::
+
+ kbd_keycode(keycode) {
+ ...
+ params.value = keycode;
+ if (notifier_call_chain(KBD_KEYCODE,&params) == NOTIFY_STOP)
+ || !bound) {
+ notifier_call_chain(KBD_UNBOUND_KEYCODE,&params);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (unicode) {
+ param.value = unicode;
+ if (notifier_call_chain(KBD_UNICODE,&params) == NOTIFY_STOP)
+ return;
+ emit unicode;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ params.value = keysym;
+ if (notifier_call_chain(KBD_KEYSYM,&params) == NOTIFY_STOP)
+ return;
+ apply keysym;
+ notifier_call_chain(KBD_POST_KEYSYM,&params);
+ }
+
+.. note:: This notifier is usually called from interrupt context.