summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorSean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>2026-09-23 09:37:21 -0700
committerPaolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>2026-09-26 00:39:55 -0400
commit93de2a6a4b91b72607136dd656edf03fb399d27f (patch)
tree9220c76eb23cb39a146fac9692ee69afa4aa3135 /Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
downloadlinux-stable-93de2a6a4b91b72607136dd656edf03fb399d27f.tar.gz
linux-stable-93de2a6a4b91b72607136dd656edf03fb399d27f.zip
KVM: SEV: Do cache maintenance on the source VM during intra-host migrationgrafted
Manually perform cache maintenance on the source VM during intra-host migration to ensure no stale data is left in CPU caches after the VM is destroyed. Because the source VM is "converted" to a non-SEV VM, KVM's memory reclaim flows won't trigger cache maintenance, e.g. when all guest memory is reclaimed in response to detaching from the mmu_notifier. Note, relying on the destination VM to do cache maintenance isn't an option as KVM doesn't require identical guest memory configurations, i.e. the source VM may have access to memory that the destination VM does not. Enforcing equivalent memory configurations is infeasible, as it would require a *deep* comparison of memslots, e.g. to verify that not only are the memslot identical, but what the memslots point at is also identical. Fixes: b56639318bb2 ("KVM: SEV: Add support for SEV intra host migration") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reported-by: Stefan Teodorescu <fane@google.com> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Message-ID: <20260923163721.1584779-3-seanjc@google.com> Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst')
-rw-r--r--Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst96
1 files changed, 96 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..df0febfe6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/i2c/i2c-protocol.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+================
+The I2C Protocol
+================
+
+This document is an overview of the basic I2C transactions and the kernel
+APIs to perform them.
+
+Key to symbols
+==============
+
+=============== =============================================================
+S Start condition
+P Stop condition
+Rd/Wr (1 bit) Read/Write bit. Rd equals 1, Wr equals 0.
+A, NA (1 bit) Acknowledge (ACK) and Not Acknowledge (NACK) bit
+Addr (7 bits) I2C 7 bit address. Note that this can be expanded to
+ get a 10 bit I2C address.
+Data (8 bits) A plain data byte.
+
+[..] Data sent by I2C device, as opposed to data sent by the
+ host adapter.
+=============== =============================================================
+
+
+Simple send transaction
+=======================
+
+Implemented by i2c_master_send()::
+
+ S Addr Wr [A] Data [A] Data [A] ... [A] Data [A] P
+
+
+Simple receive transaction
+==========================
+
+Implemented by i2c_master_recv()::
+
+ S Addr Rd [A] [Data] A [Data] A ... A [Data] NA P
+
+
+Combined transactions
+=====================
+
+Implemented by i2c_transfer().
+
+They are just like the above transactions, but instead of a stop
+condition P a start condition S is sent and the transaction continues.
+An example of a byte read, followed by a byte write::
+
+ S Addr Rd [A] [Data] NA S Addr Wr [A] Data [A] P
+
+
+Modified transactions
+=====================
+
+The following modifications to the I2C protocol can also be generated by
+setting these flags for I2C messages. With the exception of I2C_M_NOSTART, they
+are usually only needed to work around device issues:
+
+I2C_M_IGNORE_NAK:
+ Normally message is interrupted immediately if there is [NA] from the
+ client. Setting this flag treats any [NA] as [A], and all of
+ message is sent.
+ These messages may still fail to SCL lo->hi timeout.
+
+I2C_M_NO_RD_ACK:
+ In a read message, master A/NA bit is skipped.
+
+I2C_M_NOSTART:
+ In a combined transaction, no 'S Addr Wr/Rd [A]' is generated at some
+ point. For example, setting I2C_M_NOSTART on the second partial message
+ generates something like::
+
+ S Addr Rd [A] [Data] NA Data [A] P
+
+ If you set the I2C_M_NOSTART variable for the first partial message,
+ we do not generate Addr, but we do generate the start condition S.
+ This will probably confuse all other clients on your bus, so don't
+ try this.
+
+ This is often used to gather transmits from multiple data buffers in
+ system memory into something that appears as a single transfer to the
+ I2C device but may also be used between direction changes by some
+ rare devices.
+
+I2C_M_REV_DIR_ADDR:
+ This toggles the Rd/Wr flag. That is, if you want to do a write, but
+ need to emit an Rd instead of a Wr, or vice versa, you set this
+ flag. For example::
+
+ S Addr Rd [A] Data [A] Data [A] ... [A] Data [A] P
+
+I2C_M_STOP:
+ Force a stop condition (P) after the message. Some I2C related protocols
+ like SCCB require that. Normally, you really don't want to get interrupted
+ between the messages of one transfer.