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authorPaul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>2026-08-14 15:43:51 -0700
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Merge branches 'expcb.2026.07.24a', 'misc.2026.07.30a', 'rcu-tasks.2026.07.30a', 'srcu.2026.08.11a' and 'torture.2026.08.14a' into HEADgrafted
Changes: Make expedited grace periods expedite normal RCU callbacks Miscellaneous fixes: * Improve diagnostic output with character task states. * Mark accesses to inform KCSAN of concurrency design. * Move from kmalloc() to kmalloc_obj(). * Documentation updates. * Improve handling of RCU deferred quiescent states. * Clean up unused function arguments and structure fields. * Reduce show_rcu_gp_kthreads() stack space. Tasks RCU updates: * Clean up after SRCU re-implementation of Tasks Trace RCU. * Mark accesses to inform KCSAN of concurrency design. * Add ->lazy_timer status to diagnostic output. * Remove an unnecessary memory barrier. * Fix a data race, courtesy of KCSAN. * Documentation updates. * Convert cond_resched_tasks_rcu_qs() from macro to static inline function. SRCU updates: * Add Rust helpers for SRCU. * Avoid losing queued work at cleanup_srcu_struct() time. Torture-test updates: * Preparation work for immediate RCU priority deboosting. * Test RCU readers from real interrupt handlers (as opposed to softirq). * Simplify code through use of cpumask_next_wrap(). * Improve diagnostic output with character task states. * Add rcutorture.nwriters parameter to allow lightweight stall testing, and rcutorture.stall_only to make doing so easier. * Test an RCU Tasks Trace grace period implying an RCU grace period. * Make RCU Tasks Trace torturing track reader batches. * Fix a data race, courtesy of KCSAN. * Plug a shuffle_tmp_mask memory leak on kthread spawn failure.
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+===============================================
+ drm/tegra NVIDIA Tegra GPU and display driver
+===============================================
+
+NVIDIA Tegra SoCs support a set of display, graphics and video functions via
+the host1x controller. host1x supplies command streams, gathered from a push
+buffer provided directly by the CPU, to its clients via channels. Software,
+or blocks amongst themselves, can use syncpoints for synchronization.
+
+Up until, but not including, Tegra124 (aka Tegra K1) the drm/tegra driver
+supports the built-in GPU, comprised of the gr2d and gr3d engines. Starting
+with Tegra124 the GPU is based on the NVIDIA desktop GPU architecture and
+supported by the drm/nouveau driver.
+
+The drm/tegra driver supports NVIDIA Tegra SoC generations since Tegra20. It
+has three parts:
+
+ - A host1x driver that provides infrastructure and access to the host1x
+ services.
+
+ - A KMS driver that supports the display controllers as well as a number of
+ outputs, such as RGB, HDMI, DSI, and DisplayPort.
+
+ - A set of custom userspace IOCTLs that can be used to submit jobs to the
+ GPU and video engines via host1x.
+
+Driver Infrastructure
+=====================
+
+The various host1x clients need to be bound together into a logical device in
+order to expose their functionality to users. The infrastructure that supports
+this is implemented in the host1x driver. When a driver is registered with the
+infrastructure it provides a list of compatible strings specifying the devices
+that it needs. The infrastructure creates a logical device and scan the device
+tree for matching device nodes, adding the required clients to a list. Drivers
+for individual clients register with the infrastructure as well and are added
+to the logical host1x device.
+
+Once all clients are available, the infrastructure will initialize the logical
+device using a driver-provided function which will set up the bits specific to
+the subsystem and in turn initialize each of its clients.
+
+Similarly, when one of the clients is unregistered, the infrastructure will
+destroy the logical device by calling back into the driver, which ensures that
+the subsystem specific bits are torn down and the clients destroyed in turn.
+
+Host1x Infrastructure Reference
+-------------------------------
+
+.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/host1x.h
+
+.. kernel-doc:: drivers/gpu/host1x/bus.c
+ :export:
+
+Host1x Syncpoint Reference
+--------------------------
+
+.. kernel-doc:: drivers/gpu/host1x/syncpt.c
+ :export:
+
+KMS driver
+==========
+
+The display hardware has remained mostly backwards compatible over the various
+Tegra SoC generations, up until Tegra186 which introduces several changes that
+make it difficult to support with a parameterized driver.
+
+Display Controllers
+-------------------
+
+Tegra SoCs have two display controllers, each of which can be associated with
+zero or more outputs. Outputs can also share a single display controller, but
+only if they run with compatible display timings. Two display controllers can
+also share a single framebuffer, allowing cloned configurations even if modes
+on two outputs don't match. A display controller is modelled as a CRTC in KMS
+terms.
+
+On Tegra186, the number of display controllers has been increased to three. A
+display controller can no longer drive all of the outputs. While two of these
+controllers can drive both DSI outputs and both SOR outputs, the third cannot
+drive any DSI.
+
+Windows
+~~~~~~~
+
+A display controller controls a set of windows that can be used to composite
+multiple buffers onto the screen. While it is possible to assign arbitrary Z
+ordering to individual windows (by programming the corresponding blending
+registers), this is currently not supported by the driver. Instead, it will
+assume a fixed Z ordering of the windows (window A is the root window, that
+is, the lowest, while windows B and C are overlaid on top of window A). The
+overlay windows support multiple pixel formats and can automatically convert
+from YUV to RGB at scanout time. This makes them useful for displaying video
+content. In KMS, each window is modelled as a plane. Each display controller
+has a hardware cursor that is exposed as a cursor plane.
+
+Outputs
+-------
+
+The type and number of supported outputs varies between Tegra SoC generations.
+All generations support at least HDMI. While earlier generations supported the
+very simple RGB interfaces (one per display controller), recent generations no
+longer do and instead provide standard interfaces such as DSI and eDP/DP.
+
+Outputs are modelled as a composite encoder/connector pair.
+
+RGB/LVDS
+~~~~~~~~
+
+This interface is no longer available since Tegra124. It has been replaced by
+the more standard DSI and eDP interfaces.
+
+HDMI
+~~~~
+
+HDMI is supported on all Tegra SoCs. Starting with Tegra210, HDMI is provided
+by the versatile SOR output, which supports eDP, DP and HDMI. The SOR is able
+to support HDMI 2.0, though support for this is currently not merged.
+
+DSI
+~~~
+
+Although Tegra has supported DSI since Tegra30, the controller has changed in
+several ways in Tegra114. Since none of the publicly available development
+boards prior to Dalmore (Tegra114) have made use of DSI, only Tegra114 and
+later are supported by the drm/tegra driver.
+
+eDP/DP
+~~~~~~
+
+eDP was first introduced in Tegra124 where it was used to drive the display
+panel for notebook form factors. Tegra210 added support for full DisplayPort
+support, though this is currently not implemented in the drm/tegra driver.
+
+Userspace Interface
+===================
+
+The userspace interface provided by drm/tegra allows applications to create
+GEM buffers, access and control syncpoints as well as submit command streams
+to host1x.
+
+GEM Buffers
+-----------
+
+The ``DRM_IOCTL_TEGRA_GEM_CREATE`` IOCTL is used to create a GEM buffer object
+with Tegra-specific flags. This is useful for buffers that should be tiled, or
+that are to be scanned out upside down (useful for 3D content).
+
+After a GEM buffer object has been created, its memory can be mapped by an
+application using the mmap offset returned by the ``DRM_IOCTL_TEGRA_GEM_MMAP``
+IOCTL.
+
+Syncpoints
+----------
+
+The current value of a syncpoint can be obtained by executing the
+``DRM_IOCTL_TEGRA_SYNCPT_READ`` IOCTL. Incrementing the syncpoint is achieved
+using the ``DRM_IOCTL_TEGRA_SYNCPT_INCR`` IOCTL.
+
+Userspace can also request blocking on a syncpoint. To do so, it needs to
+execute the ``DRM_IOCTL_TEGRA_SYNCPT_WAIT`` IOCTL, specifying the value of
+the syncpoint to wait for. The kernel will release the application when the
+syncpoint reaches that value or after a specified timeout.
+
+Command Stream Submission
+-------------------------
+
+Before an application can submit command streams to host1x it needs to open a
+channel to an engine using the ``DRM_IOCTL_TEGRA_OPEN_CHANNEL`` IOCTL. Client
+IDs are used to identify the target of the channel. When a channel is no
+longer needed, it can be closed using the ``DRM_IOCTL_TEGRA_CLOSE_CHANNEL``
+IOCTL. To retrieve the syncpoint associated with a channel, an application
+can use the ``DRM_IOCTL_TEGRA_GET_SYNCPT``.
+
+After opening a channel, submitting command streams is easy. The application
+writes commands into the memory backing a GEM buffer object and passes these
+to the ``DRM_IOCTL_TEGRA_SUBMIT`` IOCTL along with various other parameters,
+such as the syncpoints or relocations used in the job submission.