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authorFuad Tabba <fuad.tabba@linux.dev>2026-09-22 19:14:30 +0100
committerWill Deacon <will@kernel.org>2026-09-23 12:34:30 +0000
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treecb91c941eccb15f94cbec4e96aa3a9c8736b5d66 /Documentation/gpu/amdgpu/process-isolation.rst
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arm64/boot: Disable trapping of PMZR_EL0 writes to EL2grafted
__init_el2_fgt2() writes one mask to both HDFGRTR2_EL2 and HDFGWTR2_EL2. PMZR_EL0 is write-only, so its trap bit, nPMZR_EL0, exists only in HDFGWTR2_EL2 and is therefore never set: a PMZR_EL0 write from the host traps to EL2, where the nVHE hypervisor has no handler and BUG()s. The kernel never writes PMZR_EL0, but kernel.perf_user_access=1 has the PMU driver set PMUSERENR_EL0.UEN for a task with a user-read event, so a write from EL0 reaches the trap and takes the host down without a panic message. Accumulate the HDFGWTR2_EL2 bits separately, as __init_el2_fgt() already does for HDFGWTR_EL2, and set nPMZR_EL0 with the other FEAT_PMUv3p9 bits. Fixes: 858c7bfcb35e1 ("arm64/boot: Enable EL2 requirements for FEAT_PMUv3p9") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Fuad Tabba <fuad.tabba@linux.dev> Reviewed-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Reviewed-by: Oliver Upton <oupton@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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+.. _amdgpu-process-isolation:
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+=========================
+ AMDGPU Process Isolation
+=========================
+
+The AMDGPU driver includes a feature that enables automatic process isolation on the graphics engine. This feature serializes access to the graphics engine and adds a cleaner shader which clears the Local Data Store (LDS) and General Purpose Registers (GPRs) between jobs. All processes using the GPU, including both graphics and compute workloads, are serialized when this feature is enabled. On GPUs that support partitionable graphics engines, this feature can be enabled on a per-partition basis.
+
+In addition, there is an interface to manually run the cleaner shader when the use of the GPU is complete. This may be preferable in some use cases, such as a single-user system where the login manager triggers the cleaner shader when the user logs out.
+
+Process Isolation
+=================
+
+The `run_cleaner_shader` and `enforce_isolation` sysfs interfaces allow users to manually execute the cleaner shader and control the process isolation feature, respectively.
+
+Partition Handling
+------------------
+
+The `enforce_isolation` file in sysfs can be used to enable process isolation and automatic shader cleanup between processes. On GPUs that support graphics engine partitioning, this can be enabled per partition. The partition and its current setting (0 disabled, 1 enabled) can be read from sysfs. On GPUs that do not support graphics engine partitioning, only a single partition will be present. Writing 1 to the partition position enables enforce isolation, writing 0 disables it.
+
+Example of enabling enforce isolation on a GPU with multiple partitions:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+ $ echo 1 0 1 0 > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/enforce_isolation
+ $ cat /sys/class/drm/card0/device/enforce_isolation
+ 1 0 1 0
+
+The output indicates that enforce isolation is enabled on zeroth and second partition and disabled on first and third partition.
+
+For devices with a single partition or those that do not support partitions, there will be only one element:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+ $ echo 1 > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/enforce_isolation
+ $ cat /sys/class/drm/card0/device/enforce_isolation
+ 1
+
+Cleaner Shader Execution
+========================
+
+The driver can trigger a cleaner shader to clean up the LDS and GPR state on the graphics engine. When process isolation is enabled, this happens automatically between processes. In addition, there is a sysfs file to manually trigger cleaner shader execution.
+
+To manually trigger the execution of the cleaner shader, write `0` to the `run_cleaner_shader` sysfs file:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+ $ echo 0 > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/run_cleaner_shader
+
+For multi-partition devices, you can specify the partition index when triggering the cleaner shader:
+
+.. code-block:: console
+
+ $ echo 0 > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/run_cleaner_shader # For partition 0
+ $ echo 1 > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/run_cleaner_shader # For partition 1
+ $ echo 2 > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/run_cleaner_shader # For partition 2
+ # ... and so on for each partition
+
+This command initiates the cleaner shader, which will run and complete before any new tasks are scheduled on the GPU.