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authorKees Cook <kees+treewide@kernel.org>2026-09-02 15:31:14 -0700
committerKees Cook <kees@kernel.org>2026-09-04 21:37:00 -0700
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treec65086f9bdcd48c6360fb7cb4598bca084da1f32 /Documentation/gpu/amdgpu/debugging.rst
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treewide: refresh kmalloc_obj() conversionsgrafted
This is another run of the Coccinelle script for converting kmalloc() family of allocations to kmalloc_obj() via the existing rules in scripts/coccinelle/api/kmalloc_objs.cocci This catches both the set of kmalloc() uses added since the first kmalloc_obj() conversions in v7.0 and adds a large group missed in the first pass due to Coccinelle not interacting well with the cleanup.h scoped_...() family of macros[1]. I worked around this with spatch's "--macro-file" argument to a file with all the scoped_...() macros mapped to Coccinelle's YACFE_ITERATOR[2] as that was the closest viable control flow indicator I could find. Build tested allmodconfig on x86, arm64, arm, loongarch, mips, powerpc, riscv, and s390 with no new warnings. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/202609021314.8A9C0B8@keescook/ [1] Link: https://github.com/coccinelle/coccinelle/blob/master/standard.h [2] Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees+treewide@kernel.org>
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+===============
+ GPU Debugging
+===============
+
+General Debugging Options
+=========================
+
+The DebugFS section provides documentation on a number files to aid in debugging
+issues on the GPU.
+
+
+GPUVM Debugging
+===============
+
+To aid in debugging GPU virtual memory related problems, the driver supports a
+number of options module parameters:
+
+`vm_fault_stop` - If non-0, halt the GPU memory controller on a GPU page fault.
+
+`vm_update_mode` - If non-0, use the CPU to update GPU page tables rather than
+the GPU.
+
+
+Decoding a GPUVM Page Fault
+===========================
+
+If you see a GPU page fault in the kernel log, you can decode it to figure
+out what is going wrong in your application. A page fault in your kernel
+log may look something like this:
+
+::
+
+ [gfxhub0] no-retry page fault (src_id:0 ring:24 vmid:3 pasid:32777, for process glxinfo pid 2424 thread glxinfo:cs0 pid 2425)
+ in page starting at address 0x0000800102800000 from IH client 0x1b (UTCL2)
+ VM_L2_PROTECTION_FAULT_STATUS:0x00301030
+ Faulty UTCL2 client ID: TCP (0x8)
+ MORE_FAULTS: 0x0
+ WALKER_ERROR: 0x0
+ PERMISSION_FAULTS: 0x3
+ MAPPING_ERROR: 0x0
+ RW: 0x0
+
+First you have the memory hub, gfxhub and mmhub. gfxhub is the memory
+hub used for graphics, compute, and sdma on some chips. mmhub is the
+memory hub used for multi-media and sdma on some chips.
+
+Next you have the vmid and pasid. If the vmid is 0, this fault was likely
+caused by the kernel driver or firmware. If the vmid is non-0, it is generally
+a fault in a user application. The pasid is used to link a vmid to a system
+process id. If the process is active when the fault happens, the process
+information will be printed.
+
+The GPU virtual address that caused the fault comes next.
+
+The client ID indicates the GPU block that caused the fault.
+Some common client IDs:
+
+- CB/DB: The color/depth backend of the graphics pipe
+- CPF: Command Processor Frontend
+- CPC: Command Processor Compute
+- CPG: Command Processor Graphics
+- TCP/SQC/SQG: Shaders
+- SDMA: SDMA engines
+- VCN: Video encode/decode engines
+- JPEG: JPEG engines
+
+PERMISSION_FAULTS describe what faults were encountered:
+
+- bit 0: the PTE was not valid
+- bit 1: the PTE read bit was not set
+- bit 2: the PTE write bit was not set
+- bit 3: the PTE execute bit was not set
+
+Finally, RW, indicates whether the access was a read (0) or a write (1).
+
+In the example above, a shader (cliend id = TCP) generated a read (RW = 0x0) to
+an invalid page (PERMISSION_FAULTS = 0x3) at GPU virtual address
+0x0000800102800000. The user can then inspect their shader code and resource
+descriptor state to determine what caused the GPU page fault.
+
+UMR
+===
+
+`umr <https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/tomstdenis/umr>`_ is a general purpose
+GPU debugging and diagnostics tool. Please see the umr
+`documentation <https://umr.readthedocs.io/en/main/>`_ for more information
+about its capabilities.
+
+Debugging backlight brightness
+==============================
+Default backlight brightness is intended to be set via the policy advertised
+by the firmware. Firmware will often provide different defaults for AC or DC.
+Furthermore, some userspace software will save backlight brightness during
+the previous boot and attempt to restore it.
+
+Some firmware also has support for a feature called "Custom Backlight Curves"
+where an input value for brightness is mapped along a linearly interpolated
+curve of brightness values that better match display characteristics.
+
+In the event of problems happening with backlight, there is a trace event
+that can be enabled at bootup to log every brightness change request.
+This can help isolate where the problem is. To enable the trace event add
+the following to the kernel command line:
+
+ tp_printk trace_event=amdgpu_dm:amdgpu_dm_brightness:mod:amdgpu trace_buf_size=1M