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| author | Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> | 2026-08-24 08:46:03 -0700 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> | 2026-08-24 08:46:03 -0700 |
| commit | cf9610f9116d55c5a66ef9f1faecacabd93a9322 (patch) | |
| tree | 757a3d280760c654767631cab5ad8af2d86d1848 /Documentation/filesystems/failfs.rst | |
| download | linux-stable-cf9610f9116d55c5a66ef9f1faecacabd93a9322.tar.gz linux-stable-cf9610f9116d55c5a66ef9f1faecacabd93a9322.zip | |
Merge tag 'pinctrl-v7.3-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-pinctrlgrafted
Pull pin control updates from Linus Walleij:
"Core changes:
- Use the non-blocking mux_state_try_select() in the generic MUX pin
control back-end
- Free pin maps on pinctrl_generic_to_map() failure in the core
helpers
New hardware pin control:
- Qualcomm Maili TLMM SoC, PMG1110 PMIC, and Eliza LPASS LPI TLMM SoC
(this is for the low power audio, LPASS = Low Power Audio SubSystem
portions)
- Upboard support on top of the Intel pin controller
- Apple T6030 and T6031 support (just compatible strings)
- Samsung Exynos 8855 SoC
- Mediatek MT6858 SoC
- Rockchip RK3308B and RV1106 SoCs
- Airoha EN7523 and AN7563 SoCs
Improvements:
- Qualcomm TLMM GPIOs are unconditionally marked as wakeup capable
- Qualcomm improvements on top of the Qualcomm PDC (power domain
controller) irqchip improvements from tglx:s tree
- Qualcomm IPQ806x and IPQ9650 non-urgent pin grop fixups
- The NPCM8xx driver has been put into shape fixing many pin and
group definitions
- Some non-urgent Tegra 264 pin assignments are fixed up
- Some non-urgent fixups to Airoha AN7581 and AN7583 registers and
pin assignments, missing features etc"
* tag 'pinctrl-v7.3-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-pinctrl: (130 commits)
dt-bindings: pinctrl: Convert TI DA850 pupd to DT schema
pinctrl: meson: sync some modify from A4
pinctrl: meson: a4: Add input enable pin configuration
pinctrl: realtek: rtd1625: remove unused group name spdif_sel
pinctrl: realtek: rtd1625: fix base_bit for VE4 GPIO 13
dt-bindings: pinctrl: microchip,pic32mzda-pinctrl: Convert to DT schema
Revert "Merge branch 'ib-rsk7204' into devel"
pinctrl: rockchip: Add RV1106 pinctrl support
dt-bindings: pinctrl: rockchip: Add RV1106 compatible
pinctrl: rockchip: Decode drive strength in the get function
pinctrl: fix PINCTRL_GENERIC_MUX not always being selectable
pinctrl: airoha: add support of an7563 SoC
dt-bindings: pinctrl: airoha: add support of an7563 pin controller
pinctrl: airoha: try to find chip scu node by phandle first
pinctrl: airoha: add support of en7523 SoC
dt-bindings: pinctrl: airoha: add support of en7523 pin controller
pinctrl: airoha: an7583: add support for olt pinmux
pinctrl: airoha: an7583: add support for pon_alt pinmux
pinctrl: airoha: an7583: add support for npu_uart pinmux
dt-bindings: pinctrl: airoha: an7583: add missed features
...
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/filesystems/failfs.rst')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/filesystems/failfs.rst | 73 |
1 files changed, 73 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/failfs.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/failfs.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000..21ff2db79 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/failfs.rst @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +====== +failfs +====== + +failfs is a kernel-internal filesystem that fails every operation +reaching it with ``EOPNOTSUPP``. It is the counterpart to nullfs. Where +nullfs is permanently empty, failfs means "nothing is supported here". +It cannot be mounted from userspace, nothing can be mounted on top of +it. It cannot be cloned. + +The only way into it is the ``FD_FAILFS_ROOT`` file descriptor sentinel which +is understood by ``fchdir(2)`` and ``fchroot(2)``. + +Semantics +========= + +Every path walk of a component through failfs fails with +``EOPNOTSUPP`` before that component is parsed, including ``.``. + +No path lookup can open the root, not even with ``O_PATH``. + +A process with its working directory in failfs fails every +``AT_FDCWD``-relative lookup. As with any working directory that is +unreachable from the process root, the ``getcwd(2)`` system call returns +a path prefixed with ``(unreachable)``. + +A process with its root directory in failfs fails every absolute path +lookup including absolute symlinks and the interpreter of dynamically +linked binaries. In other words, this fails exec. + +Lookups anchored at explicit directory file descriptors keep working. It +is the ``fs_struct`` equivalent of ``RESOLVE_BENEATH``. The process must +anchor every lookup at a file descriptor it explicitly holds. + +Entering +======== + +``fchroot(FD_FAILFS_ROOT, 0)`` requires ``CAP_SYS_CHROOT`` in the +caller's user namespace, mirroring ``chroot(2)``. Unprivileged callers +may enter if all of the following hold: + +* ``no_new_privs`` is set: setuid binaries on regular mounts remain + reachable via inherited directory file descriptors and executing them + with an unusable root directory is the classic confused deputy. + +* The caller is not already chrooted: the root directory is what + confines ``..`` resolution and the failfs root can never be reached by + walking up a real mount tree, so moving the root of a chrooted task to + failfs would allow it to escape its chroot via ``openat(fd, "..")``. + +* The caller does not share its ``fs_struct``: ``no_new_privs`` is + checked on the calling thread, but the root lives in the ``fs_struct``. + A ``CLONE_FS`` sibling without ``no_new_privs`` could otherwise execute + a setuid binary with the failfs root, so entry requires ``fs->users == + 1``, the same restriction ``setns(2)`` applies for the mount and user + namespaces. + +Leaving +======= + +Backing out is currently hard, but this is a property of the current +implementation, not a guaranteed interface, and may be loosened later. +For now a process that entered failfs counts as chrooted, so it cannot +create user namespaces to regain ``CAP_SYS_CHROOT``, and ``chroot(2)`` +or ``fchroot(2)`` back out require ``CAP_SYS_CHROOT``. The remaining way +out today is ``setns(2)`` with a mount namespace file descriptor, which +requires ``CAP_SYS_ADMIN`` over the target mount namespace as well as +``CAP_SYS_CHROOT`` and ``CAP_SYS_ADMIN`` in the caller's user namespace +and resets both root and working directory. A process that holds no such +file descriptor and restricts ``*chdir()``/``*chroot()``/``setns()`` via +seccomp cannot currently get back out. |
