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authorDapeng Mi <dapeng1.mi@linux.intel.com>2026-09-17 09:52:33 +0800
committerIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>2026-09-22 11:37:46 +0200
commit0102c8c7fdfc4bd700971daff2b94470f4eafae4 (patch)
tree531306c2299f9a269f0a986e29f17ba972180104 /Documentation/devicetree/bindings/common-properties.txt
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perf/x86/intel: Rename DMR offcore_rsp attribute to offmodule_rspgrafted
DMR introduces Offmodule Response events in place of the legacy Offcore Response events, but it still exposes the inherited offcore_rsp PMU attribute for programming the corresponding MSR data. Rename the DMR PMU attribute to offmodule_rsp so the sysfs interface matches the underlying event name and avoids user & tooling confusion. Signed-off-by: Dapeng Mi <dapeng1.mi@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260917015234.981153-12-dapeng1.mi@linux.intel.com
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+Common properties
+=================
+
+Endianness
+----------
+
+The Devicetree Specification does not define any properties related to hardware
+byte swapping, but endianness issues show up frequently in porting drivers to
+different machine types. This document attempts to provide a consistent
+way of handling byte swapping across drivers.
+
+Optional properties:
+ - big-endian: Boolean; force big endian register accesses
+ unconditionally (e.g. ioread32be/iowrite32be). Use this if you
+ know the peripheral always needs to be accessed in big endian (BE) mode.
+ - little-endian: Boolean; force little endian register accesses
+ unconditionally (e.g. readl/writel). Use this if you know the
+ peripheral always needs to be accessed in little endian (LE) mode.
+ - native-endian: Boolean; always use register accesses matched to the
+ endianness of the kernel binary (e.g. LE vmlinux -> readl/writel,
+ BE vmlinux -> ioread32be/iowrite32be). In this case no byte swaps
+ will ever be performed. Use this if the hardware "self-adjusts"
+ register endianness based on the CPU's configured endianness.
+
+If a binding supports these properties, then the binding should also
+specify the default behavior if none of these properties are present.
+In such cases, little-endian is the preferred default, but it is not
+a requirement. Some implementations assume that little-endian is
+the default, because most existing (PCI-based) drivers implicitly
+default to LE for their MMIO accesses.
+
+Examples:
+Scenario 1 : CPU in LE mode & device in LE mode.
+dev: dev@40031000 {
+ compatible = "name";
+ reg = <0x40031000 0x1000>;
+ ...
+ native-endian;
+};
+
+Scenario 2 : CPU in LE mode & device in BE mode.
+dev: dev@40031000 {
+ compatible = "name";
+ reg = <0x40031000 0x1000>;
+ ...
+ big-endian;
+};
+
+Scenario 3 : CPU in BE mode & device in BE mode.
+dev: dev@40031000 {
+ compatible = "name";
+ reg = <0x40031000 0x1000>;
+ ...
+ native-endian;
+};
+
+Scenario 4 : CPU in BE mode & device in LE mode.
+dev: dev@40031000 {
+ compatible = "name";
+ reg = <0x40031000 0x1000>;
+ ...
+ little-endian;
+};
+
+Daisy-chained devices
+---------------------
+
+Many serially-attached GPIO and IIO devices are daisy-chainable. To the
+host controller, a daisy-chain appears as a single device, but the number
+of inputs and outputs it provides is the sum of inputs and outputs provided
+by all of its devices. The driver needs to know how many devices the
+daisy-chain comprises to determine the amount of data exchanged, how many
+inputs and outputs to register and so on.
+
+Optional properties:
+ - #daisy-chained-devices: Number of devices in the daisy-chain (default is 1).
+
+Example:
+gpio@0 {
+ compatible = "name";
+ reg = <0>;
+ gpio-controller;
+ #gpio-cells = <2>;
+ #daisy-chained-devices = <3>;
+};