kbuild: rust: keep Rust objects out of Clang LTO with inline helpersgrafted

Under `CONFIG_LTO_CLANG` + `CONFIG_RUST_INLINE_HELPERS`, one may hit
`objtool` errors such as:

    vmlinux.o: error: objtool: _R..._3Gsp4boot+0xd6a:
    can't find jump dest instruction at .text._R..._3Gsp4boot+0x1dfd

The reason is that in such builds, the Clang invocation that compiles
the combined Rust plus helpers bitcode emits LLVM bitcode (again) --
the final code generation happens in the linker's LTO step, which the
`-mllvm` trap options passed to Clang do not reach.

This, in turn, means that unreachable traps are missing, and the
impossible paths do not merely fallthrough to the next symbol, but past
the end of their own section, since LTO builds place each function in
its own section.

Thus filter `CC_FLAGS_LTO` out of the Clang invocation, so that it always
emits machine code directly, with the traps in place.

Assisted-by: LLM
Cc: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Cc: Boqun Feng <boqun@kernel.org>
Cc: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>
Cc: Matthew Maurer <mmaurer@google.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 3a2486cc1da5 ("kbuild: rust: provide an option to inline C helpers into Rust")
Acked-by: Gary Guo <gary@garyguo.net>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260816133233.197500-2-ojeda@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>

7 files changed, 275 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/clk.rst b/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/clk.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eeaa50089
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/clk.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+========
+Clk API
+========
+
+The KUnit clk API is used to test clk providers and clk consumers.
+
+.. kernel-doc:: drivers/clk/clk_kunit_helpers.c
+   :export:
diff --git a/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/functionredirection.rst b/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/functionredirection.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3791efc2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/functionredirection.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+========================
+Function Redirection API
+========================
+
+Overview
+========
+
+When writing unit tests, it's important to be able to isolate the code being
+tested from other parts of the kernel. This ensures the reliability of the test
+(it won't be affected by external factors), reduces dependencies on specific
+hardware or config options (making the test easier to run), and protects the
+stability of the rest of the system (making it less likely for test-specific
+state to interfere with the rest of the system).
+
+While for some code (typically generic data structures, helpers, and other
+"pure functions") this is trivial, for others (like device drivers,
+filesystems, core subsystems) the code is heavily coupled with other parts of
+the kernel.
+
+This coupling is often due to global state in some way: be it a global list of
+devices, the filesystem, or some hardware state. Tests need to either carefully
+manage, isolate, and restore state, or they can avoid it altogether by
+replacing access to and mutation of this state with a "fake" or "mock" variant.
+
+By refactoring access to such state, such as by introducing a layer of
+indirection which can use or emulate a separate set of test state. However,
+such refactoring comes with its own costs (and undertaking significant
+refactoring before being able to write tests is suboptimal).
+
+A simpler way to intercept and replace some of the function calls is to use
+function redirection via static stubs.
+
+
+Static Stubs
+============
+
+Static stubs are a way of redirecting calls to one function (the "real"
+function) to another function (the "replacement" function).
+
+It works by adding a macro to the "real" function which checks to see if a test
+is running, and if a replacement function is available. If so, that function is
+called in place of the original.
+
+Using static stubs is pretty straightforward:
+
+1. Add the KUNIT_STATIC_STUB_REDIRECT() macro to the start of the "real"
+   function.
+
+   This should be the first statement in the function, after any variable
+   declarations. KUNIT_STATIC_STUB_REDIRECT() takes the name of the
+   function, followed by all of the arguments passed to the real function.
+
+   For example:
+
+   .. code-block:: c
+
+	void send_data_to_hardware(const char *str)
+	{
+		KUNIT_STATIC_STUB_REDIRECT(send_data_to_hardware, str);
+		/* real implementation */
+	}
+
+2. Write one or more replacement functions.
+
+   These functions should have the same function signature as the real function.
+   In the event they need to access or modify test-specific state, they can use
+   kunit_get_current_test() to get a struct kunit pointer. This can then
+   be passed to the expectation/assertion macros, or used to look up KUnit
+   resources.
+
+   For example:
+
+   .. code-block:: c
+
+	void fake_send_data_to_hardware(const char *str)
+	{
+		struct kunit *test = kunit_get_current_test();
+		KUNIT_EXPECT_STREQ(test, str, "Hello World!");
+	}
+
+3. Activate the static stub from your test.
+
+   From within a test, the redirection can be enabled with
+   kunit_activate_static_stub(), which accepts a struct kunit pointer,
+   the real function, and the replacement function. You can call this several
+   times with different replacement functions to swap out implementations of the
+   function.
+
+   In our example, this would be
+
+   .. code-block:: c
+
+	kunit_activate_static_stub(test,
+				   send_data_to_hardware,
+				   fake_send_data_to_hardware);
+
+4. Call (perhaps indirectly) the real function.
+
+   Once the redirection is activated, any call to the real function will call
+   the replacement function instead. Such calls may be buried deep in the
+   implementation of another function, but must occur from the test's kthread.
+
+   For example:
+
+   .. code-block:: c
+
+	send_data_to_hardware("Hello World!"); /* Succeeds */
+	send_data_to_hardware("Something else"); /* Fails the test. */
+
+5. (Optionally) disable the stub.
+
+   When you no longer need it, disable the redirection (and hence resume the
+   original behaviour of the 'real' function) using
+   kunit_deactivate_static_stub(). Otherwise, it will be automatically disabled
+   when the test exits.
+
+   For example:
+
+   .. code-block:: c
+
+	kunit_deactivate_static_stub(test, send_data_to_hardware);
+
+
+It's also possible to use these replacement functions to test to see if a
+function is called at all, for example:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+
+	void send_data_to_hardware(const char *str)
+	{
+		KUNIT_STATIC_STUB_REDIRECT(send_data_to_hardware, str);
+		/* real implementation */
+	}
+
+	/* In test file */
+	int times_called = 0;
+	void fake_send_data_to_hardware(const char *str)
+	{
+		times_called++;
+	}
+	...
+	/* In the test case, redirect calls for the duration of the test */
+	kunit_activate_static_stub(test, send_data_to_hardware, fake_send_data_to_hardware);
+
+	send_data_to_hardware("hello");
+	KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, times_called, 1);
+
+	/* Can also deactivate the stub early, if wanted */
+	kunit_deactivate_static_stub(test, send_data_to_hardware);
+
+	send_data_to_hardware("hello again");
+	KUNIT_EXPECT_EQ(test, times_called, 1);
+
+
+
+API Reference
+=============
+
+.. kernel-doc:: include/kunit/static_stub.h
+   :internal:
diff --git a/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/index.rst b/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/index.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5cdb552a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/index.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+=============
+API Reference
+=============
+.. toctree::
+	:hidden:
+
+	test
+	resource
+	functionredirection
+	clk
+	of
+	platformdevice
+
+
+This page documents the KUnit kernel testing API. It is divided into the
+following sections:
+
+Core KUnit API
+==============
+
+Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/test.rst
+
+ - Documents all of the standard testing API
+
+Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/resource.rst
+
+ - Documents the KUnit resource API
+
+Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/functionredirection.rst
+
+ - Documents the KUnit Function Redirection API
+
+Driver KUnit API
+================
+
+Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/clk.rst
+
+ - Documents the KUnit clk API
+
+Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/of.rst
+
+ - Documents the KUnit device tree (OF) API
+
+Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/platformdevice.rst
+
+ - Documents the KUnit platform device API
diff --git a/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/of.rst b/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/of.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cb4193dcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/of.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+====================
+Device Tree (OF) API
+====================
+
+The KUnit device tree API is used to test device tree (of_*) dependent code.
+
+.. kernel-doc:: include/kunit/of.h
+   :internal:
+
+.. kernel-doc:: drivers/of/of_kunit_helpers.c
+   :export:
diff --git a/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/platformdevice.rst b/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/platformdevice.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..49ddd5729
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/platformdevice.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+===================
+Platform Device API
+===================
+
+The KUnit platform device API is used to test platform devices.
+
+.. kernel-doc:: lib/kunit/platform.c
+   :export:
diff --git a/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/resource.rst b/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/resource.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ec6002a6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/resource.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+============
+Resource API
+============
+
+This file documents the KUnit resource API.
+
+Most users won't need to use this API directly, power users can use it to store
+state on a per-test basis, register custom cleanup actions, and more.
+
+.. kernel-doc:: include/kunit/resource.h
+   :internal:
+
+Managed Devices
+---------------
+
+Functions for using KUnit-managed struct device and struct device_driver.
+Include ``kunit/device.h`` to use these.
+
+.. kernel-doc:: include/kunit/device.h
+   :internal:
diff --git a/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/test.rst b/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/test.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c5eca423e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/api/test.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+========
+Test API
+========
+
+This file documents all of the standard testing API.
+
+.. kernel-doc:: include/kunit/test.h
+   :internal: