arm64/boot: Disable trapping of PMZR_EL0 writes to EL2grafted

__init_el2_fgt2() writes one mask to both HDFGRTR2_EL2 and HDFGWTR2_EL2.
PMZR_EL0 is write-only, so its trap bit, nPMZR_EL0, exists only in
HDFGWTR2_EL2 and is therefore never set: a PMZR_EL0 write from the host
traps to EL2, where the nVHE hypervisor has no handler and BUG()s. The
kernel never writes PMZR_EL0, but kernel.perf_user_access=1 has the PMU
driver set PMUSERENR_EL0.UEN for a task with a user-read event, so a
write from EL0 reaches the trap and takes the host down without a panic
message.

Accumulate the HDFGWTR2_EL2 bits separately, as __init_el2_fgt() already
does for HDFGWTR_EL2, and set nPMZR_EL0 with the other FEAT_PMUv3p9
bits.

Fixes: 858c7bfcb35e1 ("arm64/boot: Enable EL2 requirements for FEAT_PMUv3p9")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Fuad Tabba <fuad.tabba@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Oliver Upton <oupton@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>

1 files changed, 48 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..41f06a091
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/init.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+Explaining the "No working init found." boot hang message
+=========================================================
+:Authors: Andreas Mohr <andi at lisas period de>
+          Cristian Souza <cristianmsbr at gmail period com>
+
+This document provides some high-level reasons for failure
+(listed roughly in order of execution) to load the init binary.
+
+1) **Unable to mount root FS**: Set "debug" kernel parameter (in bootloader
+   config file or CONFIG_CMDLINE) to get more detailed kernel messages.
+
+2) **init binary doesn't exist on rootfs**: Make sure you have the correct
+   root FS type (and ``root=`` kernel parameter points to the correct
+   partition), required drivers such as storage hardware (such as SCSI or
+   USB!) and filesystem (ext3, jffs2, etc.) are builtin (alternatively as
+   modules, to be pre-loaded by an initrd).
+
+3) **Broken console device**: Possibly a conflict in ``console= setup``
+   --> initial console unavailable. E.g. some serial consoles are unreliable
+   due to serial IRQ issues (e.g. missing interrupt-based configuration).
+   Try using a different ``console= device`` or e.g. ``netconsole=``.
+
+4) **Binary exists but dependencies not available**: E.g. required library
+   dependencies of the init binary such as ``/lib/ld-linux.so.2`` missing or
+   broken. Use ``readelf -d <INIT>|grep NEEDED`` to find out which libraries
+   are required.
+
+5) **Binary cannot be loaded**: Make sure the binary's architecture matches
+   your hardware. E.g. i386 vs. x86_64 mismatch, or trying to load x86 on ARM
+   hardware. In case you tried loading a non-binary file here (shell script?),
+   you should make sure that the script specifies an interpreter in its
+   shebang header line (``#!/...``) that is fully working (including its
+   library dependencies). And before tackling scripts, better first test a
+   simple non-script binary such as ``/bin/sh`` and confirm its successful
+   execution. To find out more, add code ``to init/main.c`` to display
+   kernel_execve()s return values.
+
+Please extend this explanation whenever you find new failure causes
+(after all loading the init binary is a CRITICAL and hard transition step
+which needs to be made as painless as possible), then submit a patch to LKML.
+Further TODOs:
+
+- Implement the various ``run_init_process()`` invocations via a struct array
+  which can then store the ``kernel_execve()`` result value and on failure
+  log it all by iterating over **all** results (very important usability fix).
+- Try to make the implementation itself more helpful in general, e.g. by
+  providing additional error messages at affected places.
+