x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructionsgrafted

When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function,
a crash can be triggered.

The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues()
function:

<__hrtimer_run_queues+249>:  nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
<__hrtimer_run_queues+254>:  mov    %r14,%rdi
<__hrtimer_run_queues+257>:  cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12>
<__hrtimer_run_queues+263>:  mov    %eax,%r12d
<__hrtimer_run_queues+266>:  xchg   %ax,%ax
<__hrtimer_run_queues+268>:  mov    %r13,%rdi

Which triggers this crash:

  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9
  #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode
  #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page
  PGD 0 P4D 0
  Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI
  CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P
  RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230

Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is
at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL
instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that
call instruction.

The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a
function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation.

During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction,
int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes
long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes,
so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU
returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at
the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally,
starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely
different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash.

Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from
the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return
address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro.

[ mingo: Refined the changelog ]

Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step")
Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jinke Han <jinkehan@didiglobal.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yafang Shao <laoar.shao@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000

1 files changed, 61 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-kernel-mm-ksm b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-kernel-mm-ksm
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6041a025b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-kernel-mm-ksm
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/ksm
+Date:		September 2009
+KernelVersion:	2.6.32
+Contact:	Linux memory management mailing list <linux-mm@kvack.org>
+Description:	Interface for Kernel Samepage Merging (KSM)
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/full_scans
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/pages_shared
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/pages_sharing
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/pages_to_scan
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/pages_unshared
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/pages_volatile
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/run
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/sleep_millisecs
+Date:		September 2009
+Contact:	Linux memory management mailing list <linux-mm@kvack.org>
+Description:	Kernel Samepage Merging daemon sysfs interface
+
+		full_scans: how many times all mergeable areas have been
+		scanned.
+
+		pages_shared: how many shared pages are being used.
+
+		pages_sharing: how many more sites are sharing them i.e. how
+		much saved.
+
+		pages_to_scan: how many present pages to scan before ksmd goes
+		to sleep.
+
+		pages_unshared: how many pages unique but repeatedly checked
+		for merging.
+
+		pages_volatile: how many pages changing too fast to be placed
+		in a tree.
+
+		run: write 0 to disable ksm, read 0 while ksm is disabled.
+
+			- write 1 to run ksm, read 1 while ksm is running.
+			- write 2 to disable ksm and unmerge all its pages.
+
+		sleep_millisecs: how many milliseconds ksm should sleep between
+		scans.
+
+		See Documentation/mm/ksm.rst for more information.
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/merge_across_nodes
+Date:		January 2013
+KernelVersion:	3.9
+Contact:	Linux memory management mailing list <linux-mm@kvack.org>
+Description:	Control merging pages across different NUMA nodes.
+
+		When it is set to 0 only pages from the same node are merged,
+		otherwise pages from all nodes can be merged together (default).
+
+What:		/sys/kernel/mm/ksm/general_profit
+Date:		April 2023
+KernelVersion:  6.4
+Contact:	Linux memory management mailing list <linux-mm@kvack.org>
+Description:	Measure how effective KSM is.
+		general_profit: how effective is KSM. The formula for the
+		calculation is in Documentation/admin-guide/mm/ksm.rst.