From 034dd340b08be1f2f0477ad16131d609f9dbd53c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Linus Torvalds Date: Sun, 30 Aug 2026 09:22:00 -0700 Subject: Merge tag 'trace-v7.3-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/trace/linux-trace Pull tracing fixes from Steven Rostedt: - Fix error output of boot instance creation failure Currently if a boot instance creation fails, instead of printing out the name of the instance that failed, it prints "(null)". That is because it prints "cur_str" that had already been processed by strsep(). Print the saved name instead. While at it, print the error code of the failure. - Fix use-after-free for same named historgrams Histograms can be named so that they can be used in multiple events. But if the named histogram has a variable attached, the second event that uses the named histogram which duplicates it and needs to free the original after duplication leaves the old variable in place and still visible. If another histogram uses than variable, it will use the stale one which will try to reference the freed duplicate histogram and crash the kernel. Free the duplicate variables along with the duplicated histogram data. - Check return value of kthread_run() in event self test The events self tests uses a kthread for testing but does not check if it succeeded in creating a kthread. If the kthread creation were to fail, the code will still try to call kthread_stop() on the error returned. - Fix race between reading trace_pipe and updating subbuffer size If a user is reading the trace_pipe file at the same time they update the ring buffer sub-buffer size, can cause the trace_pipe read to read stale data. Add trace_access_lock() around updating the ring buffer sub-buffer size. - Fix eventfs_inode on failure path in creation of the events directory In the creation of the "events" directory, if after allocating the eventfs_inode a failure is detected, it calls cleanup_ei() which calls free_ei(). The free_ei() will test if eventfs_inode being freed has no children. It is a bug if it does. But on the failure case of the creation of the "events" directory, the children lists have not yet been initialized and the free will trigger a warning because list_empty() on an uninitialized list returns false. Move the initialization into init_ei() where it makes more sense and makes sure that a created eventfs_inode has its lists initialized upon creation. - Check return value of kthread_run() in ftrace direct sample code The sample code that shows how to use the ftrace direct calls does not test the return of kthread_run() to see if it succeeds. Return a failure if the kthread_run() doesn't succeed. - Clear user events state on fork in case of alloc failure On fork, the child gets a pointer to the parent's user events state. It makes a copy of it then updates the child's pointer to it. But if the allocation fails, the duplication function leaves the child with a pointer to its parent's descriptor. When the child cleans up its data, it will free the parent's descriptor while the parent is still using it. In the duplication function, set the child's user_event_mm to NULL before testing if the allocation succeeded, and when it exits it will not free the parent's descriptor. - Fix retry exhaustion in simple ring buffer reader swap simple_ring_buffer_swap_reader_page() starts with retry set to 8 and post-decrements it only after a failed link replacement. On the final attempt, a successful replacement leaves retry at zero, while a failed replacement leaves it at -1. But the check for success expects the retry value to be non-zero and exits with an error on zero. This is the opposite result. Fix it. - Fail nicely when the remote swap_reader_page() returns an error Currently, if the swap_reader_page() of a remote buffer fails, it triggers a WARN_ON_ONCE() and continues normally. Instead, have it exit with an error and a pr_warn() print instead of a full WARNING. * tag 'trace-v7.3-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/trace/linux-trace: ring-buffer: Stop remote reader update when page swap fails tracing: Fix retry exhaustion in simple ring buffer reader swap tracing/user_events: Clear copied tracing state before fork duplication samples/ftrace: Fix kthread_stop() on ERR_PTR in ftrace-direct-multi-modify samples/ftrace: Fix kthread_stop() on ERR_PTR in ftrace-direct-modify eventfs: Initialize ei->children and ei->list in init_ei() tracing: Fix use-after-free in trace_pipe read on sub-buffer order change tracing: Fix crash passing ERR_PTR to kthread_stop() tracing: Fix use-after-free with same-name named triggers tracing: Fix logged instance name on creation failure --- lib/test_meminit.c | 439 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 439 insertions(+) create mode 100644 lib/test_meminit.c (limited to 'lib/test_meminit.c') diff --git a/lib/test_meminit.c b/lib/test_meminit.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000..68c3b9da0 --- /dev/null +++ b/lib/test_meminit.c @@ -0,0 +1,439 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +/* + * Test cases for SL[AOU]B/page initialization at alloc/free time. + */ +#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt + +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +#define GARBAGE_INT (0x09A7BA9E) +#define GARBAGE_BYTE (0x9E) + +#define REPORT_FAILURES_IN_FN() \ + do { \ + if (failures) \ + pr_info("%s failed %d out of %d times\n", \ + __func__, failures, num_tests); \ + else \ + pr_info("all %d tests in %s passed\n", \ + num_tests, __func__); \ + } while (0) + +/* Calculate the number of uninitialized bytes in the buffer. */ +static int __init count_nonzero_bytes(void *ptr, size_t size) +{ + int i, ret = 0; + unsigned char *p = (unsigned char *)ptr; + + for (i = 0; i < size; i++) + if (p[i]) + ret++; + return ret; +} + +/* Fill a buffer with garbage, skipping |skip| first bytes. */ +static void __init fill_with_garbage_skip(void *ptr, int size, size_t skip) +{ + unsigned int *p = (unsigned int *)((char *)ptr + skip); + int i = 0; + + WARN_ON(skip > size); + size -= skip; + + while (size >= sizeof(*p)) { + p[i] = GARBAGE_INT; + i++; + size -= sizeof(*p); + } + if (size) + memset(&p[i], GARBAGE_BYTE, size); +} + +static void __init fill_with_garbage(void *ptr, size_t size) +{ + fill_with_garbage_skip(ptr, size, 0); +} + +static int __init do_alloc_pages_order(int order, int *total_failures) +{ + struct page *page; + void *buf; + size_t size = PAGE_SIZE << order; + + page = alloc_pages(GFP_KERNEL, order); + if (!page) + goto err; + buf = page_address(page); + fill_with_garbage(buf, size); + __free_pages(page, order); + + page = alloc_pages(GFP_KERNEL, order); + if (!page) + goto err; + buf = page_address(page); + if (count_nonzero_bytes(buf, size)) + (*total_failures)++; + fill_with_garbage(buf, size); + __free_pages(page, order); + return 1; +err: + (*total_failures)++; + return 1; +} + +/* Test the page allocator by calling alloc_pages with different orders. */ +static int __init test_pages(int *total_failures) +{ + int failures = 0, num_tests = 0; + int i; + + for (i = 0; i < NR_PAGE_ORDERS; i++) + num_tests += do_alloc_pages_order(i, &failures); + + REPORT_FAILURES_IN_FN(); + *total_failures += failures; + return num_tests; +} + +/* Test kmalloc() with given parameters. */ +static int __init do_kmalloc_size(size_t size, int *total_failures) +{ + void *buf; + + buf = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL); + if (!buf) + goto err; + fill_with_garbage(buf, size); + kfree(buf); + + buf = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL); + if (!buf) + goto err; + if (count_nonzero_bytes(buf, size)) + (*total_failures)++; + fill_with_garbage(buf, size); + kfree(buf); + return 1; +err: + (*total_failures)++; + return 1; +} + +/* Test vmalloc() with given parameters. */ +static int __init do_vmalloc_size(size_t size, int *total_failures) +{ + void *buf; + + buf = vmalloc(size); + if (!buf) + goto err; + fill_with_garbage(buf, size); + vfree(buf); + + buf = vmalloc(size); + if (!buf) + goto err; + if (count_nonzero_bytes(buf, size)) + (*total_failures)++; + fill_with_garbage(buf, size); + vfree(buf); + return 1; +err: + (*total_failures)++; + return 1; +} + +/* Test kmalloc()/vmalloc() by allocating objects of different sizes. */ +static int __init test_kvmalloc(int *total_failures) +{ + int failures = 0, num_tests = 0; + int i, size; + + for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) { + size = 1 << i; + num_tests += do_kmalloc_size(size, &failures); + num_tests += do_vmalloc_size(size, &failures); + } + + REPORT_FAILURES_IN_FN(); + *total_failures += failures; + return num_tests; +} + +#define CTOR_BYTES (sizeof(unsigned int)) +#define CTOR_PATTERN (0x41414141) +/* Initialize the first 4 bytes of the object. */ +static void test_ctor(void *obj) +{ + *(unsigned int *)obj = CTOR_PATTERN; +} + +/* + * Check the invariants for the buffer allocated from a slab cache. + * If the cache has a test constructor, the first 4 bytes of the object must + * always remain equal to CTOR_PATTERN. + * If the cache isn't an RCU-typesafe one, or if the allocation is done with + * __GFP_ZERO, then the object contents must be zeroed after allocation. + * If the cache is an RCU-typesafe one, the object contents must never be + * zeroed after the first use. This is checked by memcmp() in + * do_kmem_cache_size(). + */ +static bool __init check_buf(void *buf, int size, bool want_ctor, + bool want_rcu, bool want_zero) +{ + int bytes; + bool fail = false; + + bytes = count_nonzero_bytes(buf, size); + WARN_ON(want_ctor && want_zero); + if (want_zero) + return bytes; + if (want_ctor) { + if (*(unsigned int *)buf != CTOR_PATTERN) + fail = 1; + } else { + if (bytes) + fail = !want_rcu; + } + return fail; +} + +#define BULK_SIZE 100 +static void *bulk_array[BULK_SIZE]; + +/* + * Test kmem_cache with given parameters: + * want_ctor - use a constructor; + * want_rcu - use SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU; + * want_zero - use __GFP_ZERO. + */ +static int __init do_kmem_cache_size(size_t size, bool want_ctor, + bool want_rcu, bool want_zero, + int *total_failures) +{ + struct kmem_cache *c; + int iter; + bool fail = false; + gfp_t alloc_mask = GFP_KERNEL | (want_zero ? __GFP_ZERO : 0); + void *buf, *buf_copy; + + c = kmem_cache_create("test_cache", size, 1, + want_rcu ? SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU : 0, + want_ctor ? test_ctor : NULL); + for (iter = 0; iter < 10; iter++) { + /* Do a test of bulk allocations */ + if (!want_rcu && !want_ctor) { + if (!kmem_cache_alloc_bulk(c, alloc_mask, BULK_SIZE, + bulk_array)) { + fail = true; + } else { + int i; + for (i = 0; i < BULK_SIZE; i++) + fail |= check_buf(bulk_array[i], size, want_ctor, want_rcu, want_zero); + kmem_cache_free_bulk(c, BULK_SIZE, bulk_array); + } + } + + buf = kmem_cache_alloc(c, alloc_mask); + /* Check that buf is zeroed, if it must be. */ + fail |= check_buf(buf, size, want_ctor, want_rcu, want_zero); + fill_with_garbage_skip(buf, size, want_ctor ? CTOR_BYTES : 0); + + if (!want_rcu) { + kmem_cache_free(c, buf); + continue; + } + + /* + * If this is an RCU cache, use a critical section to ensure we + * can touch objects after they're freed. + */ + rcu_read_lock(); + /* + * Copy the buffer to check that it's not wiped on + * free(). + */ + buf_copy = kmalloc(size, GFP_ATOMIC); + if (buf_copy) + memcpy(buf_copy, buf, size); + + kmem_cache_free(c, buf); + /* + * Check that |buf| is intact after kmem_cache_free(). + * |want_zero| is false, because we wrote garbage to + * the buffer already. + */ + fail |= check_buf(buf, size, want_ctor, want_rcu, + false); + if (buf_copy) { + fail |= (bool)memcmp(buf, buf_copy, size); + kfree(buf_copy); + } + rcu_read_unlock(); + } + kmem_cache_destroy(c); + + *total_failures += fail; + return 1; +} + +/* + * Check that the data written to an RCU-allocated object survives + * reallocation. + */ +static int __init do_kmem_cache_rcu_persistent(int size, int *total_failures) +{ + struct kmem_cache *c; + void *buf, *buf_contents, *saved_ptr; + void **used_objects; + int i, iter, maxiter = 1024; + bool fail = false; + + c = kmem_cache_create("test_cache", size, size, SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU, + NULL); + buf = kmem_cache_alloc(c, GFP_KERNEL); + if (!buf) + goto out; + saved_ptr = buf; + fill_with_garbage(buf, size); + buf_contents = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL); + if (!buf_contents) { + kmem_cache_free(c, buf); + goto out; + } + used_objects = kmalloc_array(maxiter, sizeof(void *), GFP_KERNEL); + if (!used_objects) { + kmem_cache_free(c, buf); + kfree(buf_contents); + goto out; + } + memcpy(buf_contents, buf, size); + kmem_cache_free(c, buf); + /* + * Run for a fixed number of iterations. If we never hit saved_ptr, + * assume the test passes. + */ + for (iter = 0; iter < maxiter; iter++) { + buf = kmem_cache_alloc(c, GFP_KERNEL); + used_objects[iter] = buf; + if (buf == saved_ptr) { + fail = memcmp(buf_contents, buf, size); + for (i = 0; i <= iter; i++) + kmem_cache_free(c, used_objects[i]); + goto free_out; + } + } + + for (iter = 0; iter < maxiter; iter++) + kmem_cache_free(c, used_objects[iter]); + +free_out: + kfree(buf_contents); + kfree(used_objects); +out: + kmem_cache_destroy(c); + *total_failures += fail; + return 1; +} + +static int __init do_kmem_cache_size_bulk(int size, int *total_failures) +{ + struct kmem_cache *c; + int i, iter, maxiter = 1024; + int bytes; + bool fail = false; + void *objects[10]; + + c = kmem_cache_create("test_cache", size, size, 0, NULL); + for (iter = 0; (iter < maxiter) && !fail; iter++) { + if (!kmem_cache_alloc_bulk(c, GFP_KERNEL, ARRAY_SIZE(objects), + objects)) + continue; + + for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(objects); i++) { + bytes = count_nonzero_bytes(objects[i], size); + if (bytes) + fail = true; + fill_with_garbage(objects[i], size); + } + + kmem_cache_free_bulk(c, ARRAY_SIZE(objects), objects); + } + kmem_cache_destroy(c); + *total_failures += fail; + return 1; +} + +/* + * Test kmem_cache allocation by creating caches of different sizes, with and + * without constructors, with and without SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU. + */ +static int __init test_kmemcache(int *total_failures) +{ + int failures = 0, num_tests = 0; + int i, flags, size; + bool ctor, rcu, zero; + + for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) { + size = 8 << i; + for (flags = 0; flags < 8; flags++) { + ctor = flags & 1; + rcu = flags & 2; + zero = flags & 4; + if (ctor && zero) + continue; + num_tests += do_kmem_cache_size(size, ctor, rcu, zero, + &failures); + } + num_tests += do_kmem_cache_size_bulk(size, &failures); + } + REPORT_FAILURES_IN_FN(); + *total_failures += failures; + return num_tests; +} + +/* Test the behavior of SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU caches of different sizes. */ +static int __init test_rcu_persistent(int *total_failures) +{ + int failures = 0, num_tests = 0; + int i, size; + + for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) { + size = 8 << i; + num_tests += do_kmem_cache_rcu_persistent(size, &failures); + } + REPORT_FAILURES_IN_FN(); + *total_failures += failures; + return num_tests; +} + +/* + * Run the tests. Each test function returns the number of executed tests and + * updates |failures| with the number of failed tests. + */ +static int __init test_meminit_init(void) +{ + int failures = 0, num_tests = 0; + + num_tests += test_pages(&failures); + num_tests += test_kvmalloc(&failures); + num_tests += test_kmemcache(&failures); + num_tests += test_rcu_persistent(&failures); + + if (failures == 0) + pr_info("all %d tests passed!\n", num_tests); + else + pr_info("failures: %d out of %d\n", failures, num_tests); + + return failures ? -EINVAL : 0; +} +module_init(test_meminit_init); + +MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Test cases for SL[AOU]B/page initialization at alloc/free time"); +MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); -- cgit v1.3.1