From a5f7a5bb3b7f28ba7e4fa246775b29a0e5537255 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jinke Han Date: Tue, 8 Sep 2026 15:37:42 +0800 Subject: x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructions When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function, a crash can be triggered. The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues() function: <__hrtimer_run_queues+249>: nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1) <__hrtimer_run_queues+254>: mov %r14,%rdi <__hrtimer_run_queues+257>: cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12> <__hrtimer_run_queues+263>: mov %eax,%r12d <__hrtimer_run_queues+266>: xchg %ax,%ax <__hrtimer_run_queues+268>: mov %r13,%rdi Which triggers this crash: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9 #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page PGD 0 P4D 0 Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230 Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that call instruction. The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation. During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction, int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes, so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally, starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash. Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro. [ mingo: Refined the changelog ] Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step") Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) Signed-off-by: Jinke Han Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) Acked-by: Yafang Shao Acked-by: Borislav Petkov Cc: Peter Zijlstra Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000 --- lib/math/test_div64.c | 330 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 330 insertions(+) create mode 100644 lib/math/test_div64.c (limited to 'lib/math/test_div64.c') diff --git a/lib/math/test_div64.c b/lib/math/test_div64.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3cd699b65 --- /dev/null +++ b/lib/math/test_div64.c @@ -0,0 +1,330 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +/* + * Copyright (C) 2021 Maciej W. Rozycki + */ + +#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt + +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +#include + +#define TEST_DIV64_N_ITER 1024 + +static const u64 test_div64_dividends[] = { + 0x00000000ab275080, + 0x0000000fe73c1959, + 0x000000e54c0a74b1, + 0x00000d4398ff1ef9, + 0x0000a18c2ee1c097, + 0x00079fb80b072e4a, + 0x0072db27380dd689, + 0x0842f488162e2284, + 0xf66745411d8ab063, + 0xfffffffffffffffb, + 0xfffffffffffffffc, + 0xffffffffffffffff, +}; +#define SIZE_DIV64_DIVIDENDS ARRAY_SIZE(test_div64_dividends) + +#define TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_0 0x00000009 +#define TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_1 0x0000007c +#define TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_2 0x00000204 +#define TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_3 0x0000cb5b +#define TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_4 0x00010000 +#define TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_5 0x0008a880 +#define TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_6 0x003fd3ae +#define TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_7 0x0b658fac +#define TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_8 0x80000001 +#define TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_9 0xdc08b349 +#define TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_A 0xfffffffe +#define TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_B 0xffffffff + +static const u32 test_div64_divisors[] = { + TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_0, + TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_1, + TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_2, + TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_3, + TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_4, + TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_5, + TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_6, + TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_7, + TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_8, + TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_9, + TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_A, + TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_B, +}; +#define SIZE_DIV64_DIVISORS ARRAY_SIZE(test_div64_divisors) + +static const struct { + u64 quotient; + u32 remainder; +} test_div64_results[SIZE_DIV64_DIVIDENDS][SIZE_DIV64_DIVISORS] = { + { + { 0x0000000013045e47, 0x00000001 }, + { 0x000000000161596c, 0x00000030 }, + { 0x000000000054e9d4, 0x00000130 }, + { 0x000000000000d776, 0x0000278e }, + { 0x000000000000ab27, 0x00005080 }, + { 0x00000000000013c4, 0x0004ce80 }, + { 0x00000000000002ae, 0x001e143c }, + { 0x000000000000000f, 0x0033e56c }, + { 0x0000000000000001, 0x2b27507f }, + { 0x0000000000000000, 0xab275080 }, + { 0x0000000000000000, 0xab275080 }, + { 0x0000000000000000, 0xab275080 }, + }, { + { 0x00000001c45c02d1, 0x00000000 }, + { 0x0000000020d5213c, 0x00000049 }, + { 0x0000000007e3d65f, 0x000001dd }, + { 0x0000000000140531, 0x000065ee }, + { 0x00000000000fe73c, 0x00001959 }, + { 0x000000000001d637, 0x0004e5d9 }, + { 0x0000000000003fc9, 0x000713bb }, + { 0x0000000000000165, 0x029abe7d }, + { 0x000000000000001f, 0x673c193a }, + { 0x0000000000000012, 0x6e9f7e37 }, + { 0x000000000000000f, 0xe73c1977 }, + { 0x000000000000000f, 0xe73c1968 }, + }, { + { 0x000000197a3a0cf7, 0x00000002 }, + { 0x00000001d9632e5c, 0x00000021 }, + { 0x0000000071c28039, 0x000001cd }, + { 0x000000000120a844, 0x0000b885 }, + { 0x0000000000e54c0a, 0x000074b1 }, + { 0x00000000001a7bb3, 0x00072331 }, + { 0x00000000000397ad, 0x0002c61b }, + { 0x000000000000141e, 0x06ea2e89 }, + { 0x00000000000001ca, 0x4c0a72e7 }, + { 0x000000000000010a, 0xab002ad7 }, + { 0x00000000000000e5, 0x4c0a767b }, + { 0x00000000000000e5, 0x4c0a7596 }, + }, { + { 0x0000017949e37538, 0x00000001 }, + { 0x0000001b62441f37, 0x00000055 }, + { 0x0000000694a3391d, 0x00000085 }, + { 0x0000000010b2a5d2, 0x0000a753 }, + { 0x000000000d4398ff, 0x00001ef9 }, + { 0x0000000001882ec6, 0x0005cbf9 }, + { 0x000000000035333b, 0x0017abdf }, + { 0x00000000000129f1, 0x0ab4520d }, + { 0x0000000000001a87, 0x18ff0472 }, + { 0x0000000000000f6e, 0x8ac0ce9b }, + { 0x0000000000000d43, 0x98ff397f }, + { 0x0000000000000d43, 0x98ff2c3c }, + }, { + { 0x000011f321a74e49, 0x00000006 }, + { 0x0000014d8481d211, 0x0000005b }, + { 0x0000005025cbd92d, 0x000001e3 }, + { 0x00000000cb5e71e3, 0x000043e6 }, + { 0x00000000a18c2ee1, 0x0000c097 }, + { 0x0000000012a88828, 0x00036c97 }, + { 0x000000000287f16f, 0x002c2a25 }, + { 0x00000000000e2cc7, 0x02d581e3 }, + { 0x0000000000014318, 0x2ee07d7f }, + { 0x000000000000bbf4, 0x1ba08c03 }, + { 0x000000000000a18c, 0x2ee303af }, + { 0x000000000000a18c, 0x2ee26223 }, + }, { + { 0x0000d8db8f72935d, 0x00000005 }, + { 0x00000fbd5aed7a2e, 0x00000002 }, + { 0x000003c84b6ea64a, 0x00000122 }, + { 0x0000000998fa8829, 0x000044b7 }, + { 0x000000079fb80b07, 0x00002e4a }, + { 0x00000000e16b20fa, 0x0002a14a }, + { 0x000000001e940d22, 0x00353b2e }, + { 0x0000000000ab40ac, 0x06fba6ba }, + { 0x00000000000f3f70, 0x0af7eeda }, + { 0x000000000008debd, 0x72d98365 }, + { 0x0000000000079fb8, 0x0b166dba }, + { 0x0000000000079fb8, 0x0b0ece02 }, + }, { + { 0x000cc3045b8fc281, 0x00000000 }, + { 0x0000ed1f48b5c9fc, 0x00000079 }, + { 0x000038fb9c63406a, 0x000000e1 }, + { 0x000000909705b825, 0x00000a62 }, + { 0x00000072db27380d, 0x0000d689 }, + { 0x0000000d43fce827, 0x00082b09 }, + { 0x00000001ccaba11a, 0x0037e8dd }, + { 0x000000000a13f729, 0x0566dffd }, + { 0x0000000000e5b64e, 0x3728203b }, + { 0x000000000085a14b, 0x23d36726 }, + { 0x000000000072db27, 0x38f38cd7 }, + { 0x000000000072db27, 0x3880b1b0 }, + }, { + { 0x00eafeb9c993592b, 0x00000001 }, + { 0x00110e5befa9a991, 0x00000048 }, + { 0x00041947b4a1d36a, 0x000000dc }, + { 0x00000a6679327311, 0x0000c079 }, + { 0x00000842f488162e, 0x00002284 }, + { 0x000000f4459740fc, 0x00084484 }, + { 0x0000002122c47bf9, 0x002ca446 }, + { 0x00000000b9936290, 0x004979c4 }, + { 0x000000001085e910, 0x05a83974 }, + { 0x00000000099ca89d, 0x9db446bf }, + { 0x000000000842f488, 0x26b40b94 }, + { 0x000000000842f488, 0x1e71170c }, + }, { + { 0x1b60cece589da1d2, 0x00000001 }, + { 0x01fcb42be1453f5b, 0x0000004f }, + { 0x007a3f2457df0749, 0x0000013f }, + { 0x0001363130e3ec7b, 0x000017aa }, + { 0x0000f66745411d8a, 0x0000b063 }, + { 0x00001c757dfab350, 0x00048863 }, + { 0x000003dc4979c652, 0x00224ea7 }, + { 0x000000159edc3144, 0x06409ab3 }, + { 0x00000001ecce8a7e, 0x30bc25e5 }, + { 0x000000011eadfee3, 0xa99c48a8 }, + { 0x00000000f6674543, 0x0a593ae9 }, + { 0x00000000f6674542, 0x13f1f5a5 }, + }, { + { 0x1c71c71c71c71c71, 0x00000002 }, + { 0x0210842108421084, 0x0000000b }, + { 0x007f01fc07f01fc0, 0x000000fb }, + { 0x00014245eabf1f9a, 0x0000a63d }, + { 0x0000ffffffffffff, 0x0000fffb }, + { 0x00001d913cecc509, 0x0007937b }, + { 0x00000402c70c678f, 0x0005bfc9 }, + { 0x00000016766cb70b, 0x045edf97 }, + { 0x00000001fffffffb, 0x80000000 }, + { 0x0000000129d84b3a, 0xa2e8fe71 }, + { 0x0000000100000001, 0xfffffffd }, + { 0x0000000100000000, 0xfffffffb }, + }, { + { 0x1c71c71c71c71c71, 0x00000003 }, + { 0x0210842108421084, 0x0000000c }, + { 0x007f01fc07f01fc0, 0x000000fc }, + { 0x00014245eabf1f9a, 0x0000a63e }, + { 0x0000ffffffffffff, 0x0000fffc }, + { 0x00001d913cecc509, 0x0007937c }, + { 0x00000402c70c678f, 0x0005bfca }, + { 0x00000016766cb70b, 0x045edf98 }, + { 0x00000001fffffffc, 0x00000000 }, + { 0x0000000129d84b3a, 0xa2e8fe72 }, + { 0x0000000100000002, 0x00000000 }, + { 0x0000000100000000, 0xfffffffc }, + }, { + { 0x1c71c71c71c71c71, 0x00000006 }, + { 0x0210842108421084, 0x0000000f }, + { 0x007f01fc07f01fc0, 0x000000ff }, + { 0x00014245eabf1f9a, 0x0000a641 }, + { 0x0000ffffffffffff, 0x0000ffff }, + { 0x00001d913cecc509, 0x0007937f }, + { 0x00000402c70c678f, 0x0005bfcd }, + { 0x00000016766cb70b, 0x045edf9b }, + { 0x00000001fffffffc, 0x00000003 }, + { 0x0000000129d84b3a, 0xa2e8fe75 }, + { 0x0000000100000002, 0x00000003 }, + { 0x0000000100000001, 0x00000000 }, + }, +}; + +static inline bool test_div64_verify(u64 quotient, u32 remainder, int i, int j) +{ + return (quotient == test_div64_results[i][j].quotient && + remainder == test_div64_results[i][j].remainder); +} + +/* + * This needs to be a macro, because we don't want to rely on the compiler + * to do constant propagation, and `do_div' may take a different path for + * constants, so we do want to verify that as well. + */ +#define test_div64_one(dividend, divisor, i, j) ({ \ + bool result = true; \ + u64 quotient; \ + u32 remainder; \ + \ + quotient = dividend; \ + remainder = do_div(quotient, divisor); \ + if (!test_div64_verify(quotient, remainder, i, j)) { \ + pr_err("ERROR: %016llx / %08x => %016llx,%08x\n", \ + dividend, divisor, quotient, remainder); \ + pr_err("ERROR: expected value => %016llx,%08x\n",\ + test_div64_results[i][j].quotient, \ + test_div64_results[i][j].remainder); \ + result = false; \ + } \ + result; \ +}) + +/* + * Run calculation for the same divisor value expressed as a constant + * and as a variable, so as to verify the implementation for both cases + * should they be handled by different code execution paths. + */ +static bool __init test_div64(void) +{ + u64 dividend; + int i, j; + + for (i = 0; i < SIZE_DIV64_DIVIDENDS; i++) { + dividend = test_div64_dividends[i]; + if (!test_div64_one(dividend, TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_0, i, 0)) + return false; + if (!test_div64_one(dividend, TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_1, i, 1)) + return false; + if (!test_div64_one(dividend, TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_2, i, 2)) + return false; + if (!test_div64_one(dividend, TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_3, i, 3)) + return false; + if (!test_div64_one(dividend, TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_4, i, 4)) + return false; + if (!test_div64_one(dividend, TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_5, i, 5)) + return false; + if (!test_div64_one(dividend, TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_6, i, 6)) + return false; + if (!test_div64_one(dividend, TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_7, i, 7)) + return false; + if (!test_div64_one(dividend, TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_8, i, 8)) + return false; + if (!test_div64_one(dividend, TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_9, i, 9)) + return false; + if (!test_div64_one(dividend, TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_A, i, 10)) + return false; + if (!test_div64_one(dividend, TEST_DIV64_DIVISOR_B, i, 11)) + return false; + for (j = 0; j < SIZE_DIV64_DIVISORS; j++) { + if (!test_div64_one(dividend, test_div64_divisors[j], + i, j)) + return false; + } + } + return true; +} + +static int __init test_div64_init(void) +{ + struct timespec64 ts, ts0, ts1; + int i; + + pr_info("Starting 64bit/32bit division and modulo test\n"); + ktime_get_ts64(&ts0); + + for (i = 0; i < TEST_DIV64_N_ITER; i++) + if (!test_div64()) + break; + + ktime_get_ts64(&ts1); + ts = timespec64_sub(ts1, ts0); + pr_info("Completed 64bit/32bit division and modulo test, " + "%llu.%09lus elapsed\n", ts.tv_sec, ts.tv_nsec); + + return 0; +} + +static void __exit test_div64_exit(void) +{ +} + +module_init(test_div64_init); +module_exit(test_div64_exit); + +MODULE_AUTHOR("Maciej W. Rozycki "); +MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); +MODULE_DESCRIPTION("64bit/32bit division and modulo test module"); -- cgit v1.3.1