From a5f7a5bb3b7f28ba7e4fa246775b29a0e5537255 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jinke Han Date: Tue, 8 Sep 2026 15:37:42 +0800 Subject: x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructions When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function, a crash can be triggered. The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues() function: <__hrtimer_run_queues+249>: nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1) <__hrtimer_run_queues+254>: mov %r14,%rdi <__hrtimer_run_queues+257>: cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12> <__hrtimer_run_queues+263>: mov %eax,%r12d <__hrtimer_run_queues+266>: xchg %ax,%ax <__hrtimer_run_queues+268>: mov %r13,%rdi Which triggers this crash: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9 #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page PGD 0 P4D 0 Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230 Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that call instruction. The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation. During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction, int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes, so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally, starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash. Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro. [ mingo: Refined the changelog ] Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step") Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) Signed-off-by: Jinke Han Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) Acked-by: Yafang Shao Acked-by: Borislav Petkov Cc: Peter Zijlstra Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000 --- fs/cachefiles/key.c | 137 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 137 insertions(+) create mode 100644 fs/cachefiles/key.c (limited to 'fs/cachefiles/key.c') diff --git a/fs/cachefiles/key.c b/fs/cachefiles/key.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000..aae86af48 --- /dev/null +++ b/fs/cachefiles/key.c @@ -0,0 +1,137 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later +/* Key to pathname encoder + * + * Copyright (C) 2021 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved. + * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com) + */ + +#include +#include "internal.h" + +static const char cachefiles_charmap[64] __nonstring = + "0123456789" /* 0 - 9 */ + "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" /* 10 - 35 */ + "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" /* 36 - 61 */ + "_-" /* 62 - 63 */ + ; + +static const char cachefiles_filecharmap[256] = { + /* we skip space and tab and control chars */ + [33 ... 46] = 1, /* '!' -> '.' */ + /* we skip '/' as it's significant to pathwalk */ + [48 ... 127] = 1, /* '0' -> '~' */ +}; + +static inline unsigned int how_many_hex_digits(unsigned int x) +{ + return x ? round_up(ilog2(x) + 1, 4) / 4 : 0; +} + +/* + * turn the raw key into something cooked + * - the key may be up to NAME_MAX in length (including the length word) + * - "base64" encode the strange keys, mapping 3 bytes of raw to four of + * cooked + * - need to cut the cooked key into 252 char lengths (189 raw bytes) + */ +bool cachefiles_cook_key(struct cachefiles_object *object) +{ + const u8 *key = fscache_get_key(object->cookie), *kend; + unsigned char ch; + unsigned int acc, i, n, nle, nbe, keylen = object->cookie->key_len; + unsigned int b64len, len, print, pad; + char *name, sep; + + _enter(",%u,%*phN", keylen, keylen, key); + + BUG_ON(keylen > NAME_MAX - 3); + + print = 1; + for (i = 0; i < keylen; i++) { + ch = key[i]; + print &= cachefiles_filecharmap[ch]; + } + + /* If the path is usable ASCII, then we render it directly */ + if (print) { + len = 1 + keylen; + name = kmalloc(len + 1, GFP_KERNEL); + if (!name) + return false; + + name[0] = 'D'; /* Data object type, string encoding */ + memcpy(name + 1, key, keylen); + goto success; + } + + /* See if it makes sense to encode it as "hex,hex,hex" for each 32-bit + * chunk. We rely on the key having been padded out to a whole number + * of 32-bit words. + */ + n = round_up(keylen, 4); + nbe = nle = 0; + for (i = 0; i < n; i += 4) { + u32 be = be32_to_cpu(*(__be32 *)(key + i)); + u32 le = le32_to_cpu(*(__le32 *)(key + i)); + + nbe += 1 + how_many_hex_digits(be); + nle += 1 + how_many_hex_digits(le); + } + + b64len = DIV_ROUND_UP(keylen, 3); + pad = b64len * 3 - keylen; + b64len = 2 + b64len * 4; /* Length if we base64-encode it */ + _debug("len=%u nbe=%u nle=%u b64=%u", keylen, nbe, nle, b64len); + if (nbe < b64len || nle < b64len) { + unsigned int nlen = min(nbe, nle) + 1; + name = kmalloc(nlen, GFP_KERNEL); + if (!name) + return false; + sep = (nbe <= nle) ? 'S' : 'T'; /* Encoding indicator */ + len = 0; + for (i = 0; i < n; i += 4) { + u32 x; + if (nbe <= nle) + x = be32_to_cpu(*(__be32 *)(key + i)); + else + x = le32_to_cpu(*(__le32 *)(key + i)); + name[len++] = sep; + if (x != 0) + len += snprintf(name + len, nlen - len, "%x", x); + sep = ','; + } + goto success; + } + + /* We need to base64-encode it */ + name = kmalloc(b64len + 1, GFP_KERNEL); + if (!name) + return false; + + name[0] = 'E'; + name[1] = '0' + pad; + len = 2; + kend = key + keylen; + do { + acc = *key++; + if (key < kend) { + acc |= *key++ << 8; + if (key < kend) + acc |= *key++ << 16; + } + + name[len++] = cachefiles_charmap[acc & 63]; + acc >>= 6; + name[len++] = cachefiles_charmap[acc & 63]; + acc >>= 6; + name[len++] = cachefiles_charmap[acc & 63]; + acc >>= 6; + name[len++] = cachefiles_charmap[acc & 63]; + } while (key < kend); + +success: + name[len] = 0; + object->d_name = name; + _leave(" = %s", object->d_name); + return true; +} -- cgit v1.3.1