From a5f7a5bb3b7f28ba7e4fa246775b29a0e5537255 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jinke Han Date: Tue, 8 Sep 2026 15:37:42 +0800 Subject: x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructions When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function, a crash can be triggered. The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues() function: <__hrtimer_run_queues+249>: nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1) <__hrtimer_run_queues+254>: mov %r14,%rdi <__hrtimer_run_queues+257>: cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12> <__hrtimer_run_queues+263>: mov %eax,%r12d <__hrtimer_run_queues+266>: xchg %ax,%ax <__hrtimer_run_queues+268>: mov %r13,%rdi Which triggers this crash: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9 #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page PGD 0 P4D 0 Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230 Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that call instruction. The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation. During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction, int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes, so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally, starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash. Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro. [ mingo: Refined the changelog ] Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step") Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) Signed-off-by: Jinke Han Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) Acked-by: Yafang Shao Acked-by: Borislav Petkov Cc: Peter Zijlstra Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000 --- drivers/accessibility/speakup/genmap.c | 160 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 160 insertions(+) create mode 100644 drivers/accessibility/speakup/genmap.c (limited to 'drivers/accessibility/speakup/genmap.c') diff --git a/drivers/accessibility/speakup/genmap.c b/drivers/accessibility/speakup/genmap.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a9e308bdd --- /dev/null +++ b/drivers/accessibility/speakup/genmap.c @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ +/* genmap.c + * originally written by: Kirk Reiser. + * + ** Copyright (C) 2002 Kirk Reiser. + * Copyright (C) 2003 David Borowski. + */ + +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include "utils.h" + +struct st_key_init { + char *name; + int value, shift; +}; + +static unsigned char key_data[MAXKEYVAL][16], *kp; + +#include "mapdata.h" + +static const char delims[] = "\t\n "; +static char *cp; +static int map_ver = 119; /* an arbitrary number so speakup can check */ +static int shift_table[17]; +static int max_states = 1, flags; +/* flags reserved for later, maybe for individual console maps */ + +static int get_shift_value(int state) +{ + int i; + + for (i = 0; shift_table[i] != state; i++) { + if (shift_table[i] == -1) { + if (i >= 16) + oops("too many shift states", NULL); + shift_table[i] = state; + max_states = i+1; + break; + } + } + return i; +} + +int +main(int argc, char *argv[]) +{ + int value, shift_state, i, spk_val = 0, lock_val = 0; + int max_key_used = 0, num_keys_used = 0; + struct st_key *this; + struct st_key_init *p_init; + char buffer[256]; + + bzero(key_table, sizeof(key_table)); + bzero(key_data, sizeof(key_data)); + + shift_table[0] = 0; + for (i = 1; i <= 16; i++) + shift_table[i] = -1; + + if (argc < 2) { + fputs("usage: genmap filename\n", stderr); + exit(1); + } + + for (p_init = init_key_data; p_init->name[0] != '.'; p_init++) + add_key(p_init->name, p_init->value, p_init->shift); + + open_input(NULL, argv[1]); + while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), infile)) { + value = shift_state = 0; + + cp = strtok(buffer, delims); + if (*cp == '#') + continue; + + while (cp) { + if (*cp == '=') + break; + this = find_key(cp); + if (this == NULL) + oops("unknown key/modifier", cp); + if (this->shift == is_shift) { + if (value) + oops("modifiers must come first", cp); + shift_state += this->value; + } else if (this->shift == is_input) + value = this->value; + else + oops("bad modifier or key", cp); + cp = strtok(0, delims); + } + if (!cp) + oops("no = found", NULL); + + cp = strtok(0, delims); + if (!cp) + oops("no speakup function after =", NULL); + + this = find_key(cp); + if (this == NULL || this->shift != is_spk) + oops("invalid speakup function", cp); + + i = get_shift_value(shift_state); + if (key_data[value][i]) { + while (--cp > buffer) + if (!*cp) + *cp = ' '; + oops("two functions on same key combination", cp); + } + key_data[value][i] = (char)this->value; + if (value > max_key_used) + max_key_used = value; + } + fclose(infile); + + this = find_key("spk_key"); + if (this) + spk_val = this->value; + + this = find_key("spk_lock"); + if (this) + lock_val = this->value; + + for (lc = 1; lc <= max_key_used; lc++) { + kp = key_data[lc]; + if (!memcmp(key_data[0], kp, 16)) + continue; + num_keys_used++; + for (i = 0; i < max_states; i++) { + if (kp[i] != spk_val && kp[i] != lock_val) + continue; + shift_state = shift_table[i]; + if (shift_state&16) + continue; + shift_state = get_shift_value(shift_state+16); + kp[shift_state] = kp[i]; + /* fill in so we can process the key up, as spk bit will be set */ + } + } + + printf("\t%d, %d, %d,\n\t", map_ver, num_keys_used, max_states); + for (i = 0; i < max_states; i++) + printf("%d, ", shift_table[i]); + printf("%d,", flags); + for (lc = 1; lc <= max_key_used; lc++) { + kp = key_data[lc]; + if (!memcmp(key_data[0], kp, 16)) + continue; + printf("\n\t%d,", lc); + for (i = 0; i < max_states; i++) + printf(" %u,", (unsigned int)kp[i]); + } + printf("\n\t0, %d\n", map_ver); + + exit(0); +} -- cgit v1.3.1