From a5f7a5bb3b7f28ba7e4fa246775b29a0e5537255 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jinke Han Date: Tue, 8 Sep 2026 15:37:42 +0800 Subject: x86/kprobes: Fix crash when probing CS CALL instructions When using eBPF to probe CS CALL instructions within a function, a crash can be triggered. The eBPF tool probes offset 257 of the __hrtimer_run_queues() function: <__hrtimer_run_queues+249>: nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1) <__hrtimer_run_queues+254>: mov %r14,%rdi <__hrtimer_run_queues+257>: cs call <__x86_indirect_thunk_r12> <__hrtimer_run_queues+263>: mov %eax,%r12d <__hrtimer_run_queues+266>: xchg %ax,%ax <__hrtimer_run_queues+268>: mov %r13,%rdi Which triggers this crash: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 00000000000f41c9 #PF: supervisor write access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0002) - not-present page PGD 0 P4D 0 Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Kdump: loaded Tainted: P RIP: 0010:__hrtimer_run_queues+0x106/0x230 Note that __hrtimer_run_queues+0x106 is __hrtimer_run_queues+262, which is at the 6th byte of the above CS CALL instruction. Since the CS CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes, the exception occurred in the middle of that call instruction. The root cause is that when using eBPF tools to probe in the middle of a function, a kprobe with INT3 is used as the underlying implementation. During single-step emulation of the original CALL instruction, int3_emulate_call() assumes that the probed CALL instruction is 5 bytes long. However, the actual CS-prefixed CALL instruction occupies 6 bytes, so it constructs an incorrect exception return address. When the CPU returns from the kprobe handler, the next instruction to be executed is at the address of the last byte of that CS CALL instruction. Coincidentally, starting from that address, the CPU fetches and decodes a completely different instruction, which ultimately triggers a kernel crash. Fix the issue by using the actual instruction length obtained from the instruction decoder when constructing the exception return address, rather than relying on the hardcoded CALL_INSN_SIZE macro. [ mingo: Refined the changelog ] Fixes: 6256e668b7af ("x86/kprobes: Use int3 instead of debug trap for single-step") Suggested-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) Signed-off-by: Jinke Han Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar Reviewed-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) Acked-by: Yafang Shao Acked-by: Borislav Petkov Cc: Peter Zijlstra Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260908073742.GA10517@didi-ThinkCentre-M920t-N000 --- Documentation/ABI/removed/sysfs-mce | 37 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 37 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Documentation/ABI/removed/sysfs-mce (limited to 'Documentation/ABI/removed/sysfs-mce') diff --git a/Documentation/ABI/removed/sysfs-mce b/Documentation/ABI/removed/sysfs-mce new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ef5dd2a80 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/ABI/removed/sysfs-mce @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +What: /sys/devices/system/machinecheck/machinecheckX/tolerant +Contact: Borislav Petkov +Date: Dec, 2021 +Description: + Unused and obsolete after the advent of recoverable machine + checks (see last sentence below) and those are present since + 2010 (Nehalem). + + Original description: + + The entries appear for each CPU, but they are truly shared + between all CPUs. + + Tolerance level. When a machine check exception occurs for a + non corrected machine check the kernel can take different + actions. + + Since machine check exceptions can happen any time it is + sometimes risky for the kernel to kill a process because it + defies normal kernel locking rules. The tolerance level + configures how hard the kernel tries to recover even at some + risk of deadlock. Higher tolerant values trade potentially + better uptime with the risk of a crash or even corruption + (for tolerant >= 3). + + == =========================================================== + 0 always panic on uncorrected errors, log corrected errors + 1 panic or SIGBUS on uncorrected errors, log corrected errors + 2 SIGBUS or log uncorrected errors, log corrected errors + 3 never panic or SIGBUS, log all errors (for testing only) + == =========================================================== + + Default: 1 + + Note this only makes a difference if the CPU allows recovery + from a machine check exception. Current x86 CPUs generally + do not. -- cgit v1.3.1